DOCSLIB.ORG

La Crisis Del Siglo Xii A.C. Pueblos Del Mar Y Guerra De Troya Ca

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
La Crisis Del Siglo Xii A.C. Pueblos Del Mar Y Guerra De Troya Ca LA CRISIS DEL SIGLO XII A.C. PUEBLOS DEL MAR Y GUERRA DE TROYA CA. 1215-1175 A.C. THE CRISIS OF THE 12TH CENTURY B.C. SEA PEOPLES AND TROJAN WAR CA. 1215-1175 B.C. ALFREDO MEDEROS MARTÍN* Resumen: Los ataques de los Pueblos del Mar se produje- Abstract: The assaults of the Sea Peoples were produced in ron en dos momentos diferentes, separados por 32 años, ca. two different moments, separated by 32 years, ca. 1208 and 1208 y ca. 1176 a.C., y fueron efectos colaterales de las crisis ca. 1176 B.C., and they were collateral effects of the crisis of de dos grandes estados, primero Ahhiyawa y posteriormente large two states, first Ahhiyawa and thereinafter Hatti. This Hatti. Esta fase de inestabilidad se generalizó en el Mediterrá- instability phase was generalized in the Eastern Mediterra- neo Oriental a partir de la muerte de Ramses II ca. 1213 a.C. nean after the death of Ramesses II ca. 1213 B.C. and Tud- y Tudhaliya IV, ca. 1215/1209 a.C., en la cual las tensiones haliya IV, ca. 1215/1209 B.C., in the which one the internal internas dentro de Hatti y Egipto, por los problemas suceso- tensions within Hatti and Egypt, by the successoral problems, rios, tuvieron una importancia mucho mayor que los ataques had an importance much greater than the external assaults, externos, sobrevalorados por los relieves de Medinet Habu y overvalue by the relief of Medinet Habu and the destruction la destrucción de Ugarit. of Ugarit. La creciente debilidad de Ahhiyawa-Tebas favoreció el The growing weakness of Ahhiyawa-Thebes favored the control de Millawanda-Mileto por Hatti. Por otra parte, los control of Millawanda-Miletus by Hatti. On the other hand, sucesivos ataques a Tebas desde la Argólide, primero por los the successive assaults on Thebes from the Argolid, first by Siete contra Tebas ca. 1220 a.C. y después por sus hijos, los the Seven against Thebes ca. 1220 B.C. and after by their Epígonos, ca. 1210 a.C., forzaron un cambio dinástico y la sons, the Epigoni, ca. 1210 a.C., forced a dynastic change and emigración de un importante contingente de población te- the emigration of an important contingent of Theban popula- bana, siendo los Ikywš Akaywash de Millawanda y Tebas el tion, being the Ikywš Akaywash of Millawanda and Thebes principal contingente foráneo que participó, apoyando a los the principal foreign people that participated, supporting to libios, en el ataque el año quinto de Merneptah, ca. 1208 a.C. the Lybians, in the assault the fifth year of Merneptah, ca. También participaron Šrdn Sherden de Sardis y monte Sar- 1208 B.C. Also participated Šrdn Sherden of Sardis and the dénos en Mira, actual Lidia, Rk Lukka de Licia, junto con Sardenos mount in Mira, currently Lydia, Rk Lukka of Lycia, Trš Turša y Škrš Shekelesh de Kizzuwanda o Cilicia Oriental. together with Trš Turša and Škrš Shekelesh of Kizzuwanda or Una campaña de Tudhaliya IV en Lukka-Licia, anexio- Eastern Cilicia. nándose este territorio, había provocado un inicial desplaza- A campaign of Tudhaliya IV in Lukka-Lycia, annexing miento de Prst Peleset, primero a Creta, junto a Tkr Tjekker this territory, had provoked an initial displacement of Prst de Tarhuntassa. Desde allí siguieron hacia Palestina, quizás Peleset, first to Crete, together with Tkr Tjekker of Tarhun- ca. 1194 a.C., apoyando al gran canciller Bay y el acceso al tassa. From there, they continued toward Palestine, perhaps trono del nuevo faraón Siptah y la reina madre Twosret. ca. 1194 B.C., supporting to the great chancellor Bay and the throne access of the new pharaoh Siptah and the mother queen Twosret. * Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universi- The campaigns of Šuppiluliuma II in Lukka, Tarhuntassa dad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Campus and perhaps Kizzuwanda, provoked the displacement of Prst de Cantoblanco. 28.049 Madrid. E-mail: [email protected] Peleset of Lukka, Tkr Tjekker of Tarhuntassa or Western ISSN: 1133-4525 ISSN-e: 2255-3924 SPAL 16 (2007): 93-153 http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/spal.2007.i16.06 94 ALFREDO MEDEROS Martín Las campañas de Šuppiluliuma II en Lukka, Tarhuntassa Cilicia, and Dnn Dainiuna and Škrš Shekelesh of Kizzu- y quizás Kizzuwanda, provocaron el desplazamiento de Prst wanda, that they were displaced mainly by land with their Peleset de Lukka, Tkr Tjekker de Tarhuntassa o Cilicia Occi- families crossing Mukiš, Ugarit and Amurru, where installed dental, más Dnn Dainiuna y Škrš Shekelesh de Kizzuwanda, their camp, for thereinafter to penetrate in territory of the que debieron desplazarse principalmente por tierra con sus Egyptian Empire, in the eighth year of Ramesses III, ca. 1176 familias atravesando Mukiš, Ugarit y Amurru, donde insta- B.C. They had naval support of the Wšš Weshesh ‘of the sea’, laron su campamento, para posteriormente penetrar en terri- originating from Issus in Kizzuwanda, but they were defeated torio del imperio egipcio, en el año octavo de Ramsés III, in the Delta by ships of Byblos, transporting Egyptian sol- ca. 1176 a.C. Tuvieron apoyo naval de los Wšš Weshesh “del diers. Finally, they finished installed in the Palestinian coast, mar”, procedentes de Issus en Kizzuwanda, pero fueron de- taking advantage the previous settlement of the Prst Peleset rrotados en el Delta por barcos de Biblos, transportando sol- in Ashkelon. dados egipcios. Acabaron instalados finalmente en la costa Little before, perhaps ca. 1177 B.C., the year seven of palestina, aprovechando el asentamiento previo de los Prst Ramesses III, was produced the destruction of Ugarit, since is Peleset en Ashkelon. mentioned in Medinet Habu that already Hatti and Kargam- Poco antes, quizás ca. 1177 a.C., el año siete de Ramses ish have been destroyed. III, se produjo la destrucción de Ugarit, pues se menciona en Other important source of information for this period is Medinet Habu que ya Hatti y Kargamish han sido destruidos. the Trojan War, whose destruction was dated by Manetho Otra fuente importante de información para este periodo during the reign of pharaoh Twosret, widow of Sethos II, ca. es la Guerra de Troya, cuya destrucción esta fechada por Ma- 1188-1186 B.C. The Iliad, the Odyssey and the Nostoi or re- netho durante el reinado del faraón Twosret, viuda de Seti II, turns of the Trojan War, are the heroic narrative in terms of ca. 1188-1186 a.C. La Iliada, la Odisea y los Nostoi o regre- the Boeotians of Ahhiyawa-Thebes, from whose port of Au- sos de la Guerra de Troya, son las narraciones heroicas reco- lis departed the fleet to assault Troy. If the Achaeans of Ah- gidas desde el punto de vista de los beocios de Ahhiyawa-Te- hiyawa, originating from Miletus and Thebes, were the most bas, desde cuyo puerto de Áulide partió la flota para atacar important contingent than participated in the assault against Troya. Si aqueos de Ahhiyawa, procedentes de Mileto y Te- Merneptah, the recitals that appear in the Odyssey or in the bas, fue el contingente más importante que participó en el Nostoi of the Trojan Cycle also reflect the own heroic narra- ataque contra Merneptah, las narraciones que aparecen en la tive of the Sea Peoples. Odisea o en los Nostoi del Ciclo Troyano también reflejan a Exist a coincidence in the conquests of Sidon by Prst Pe- los propios Pueblos del Mar. leset of Askhelon, ca. 1187 B.C., and of Troy by the Ach- Existe una coincidencia en las conquistas de Sidón por aeans, ca. 1186 B.C., that reveals a certain coordination Prst Peleset de Askhelon, ca. 1187 a.C., y de Troya por los between the Prst Peleset of Lukka and the Tkr Tjekker of aqueos, ca. 1186 a.C., que revela una cierta coordinación en- Tarhuntašša, both refugees in Crete, where was governing Id- tre los Prst Peleset de Lukka y los Tkr Tjekker de Tarhuntašša, omeneus, in relation with the Achaean naval force that was ambos refugiados en Creta, donde gobernaba Idomeneo, en besieging Troy, in which Idomeneus was one of their three relación con la fuerza naval aquea que asediaba Troya, en la principal leaders. cual Idomeneo era uno de sus tres principales líderes. The siege of Troy during 10 years, ca. 1196-1186 B.C., El asedio de Troya durante 10 años, ca. 1196-1186 a.C., though also they attacked a good stretch of the Anatolian aunque también hubo ataques a buena parte de la costa anato- coast, it was a campaign of Mycenae and its allies against lia, fue una campaña de Micenas y sus aliados contra uno de one of the vassal kingdoms of Hatti in the Anatolian coast, los reinos vasallos de Hatti en la costa anatolia, el cual tuvo el the which one had the support of the remaining depend- apoyo de los restantes reinos dependientes de Hatti, Río Seha ent kingdoms of Hatti, River Seha in Asia, Mira in Lydia, en Asia, Mira en Lidia, Millawanda en Caria o Lukka en Li- Millawanda in Caria or Lukka in Lycia. Reflect the ancient cia. Refleja la antigua rivalidad entre Ahhiyawa y Arzawa por rivalry between Ahhiyawa and Arzawa by the control of el control de Egeo. Aegean. La clave económica de la guerra fue el control del último The economic key of the war was the control of the last buen puerto antes del acceso al Mar de Mármara, porque la good port before of the access to the Sea of Marmara, because frecuente presencia de corrientes marítimas contrarias y vien- the frequent presence of opposite maritime currents and ad- tos adversos exigían en ocasiones largos periodos de espera verse winds were demanding in occasion long periods wait- en un puerto seguro.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 Reading Athenaios' Epigraphical Hymn to Apollo: Critical Edition And
    Reading Athenaios’ Epigraphical Hymn to Apollo: Critical Edition and Commentaries DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Corey M. Hackworth Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Fritz Graf, Advisor Benjamin Acosta-Hughes Carolina López-Ruiz 1 Copyright by Corey M. Hackworth 2015 2 Abstract This dissertation is a study of the Epigraphical Hymn to Apollo that was found at Delphi in 1893, and since attributed to Athenaios. It is believed to have been performed as part of the Athenian Pythaïdes festival in the year 128/7 BCE. After a brief introduction to the hymn, I provide a survey and history of the most important editions of the text. I offer a new critical edition equipped with a detailed apparatus. This is followed by an extended epigraphical commentary which aims to describe the history of, and arguments for and and against, readings of the text as well as proposed supplements and restorations. The guiding principle of this edition is a conservative one—to indicate where there is uncertainty, and to avoid relying on other, similar, texts as a resource for textual restoration. A commentary follows, which traces word usage and history, in an attempt to explore how an audience might have responded to the various choices of vocabulary employed throughout the text. Emphasis is placed on Athenaios’ predilection to utilize new words, as well as words that are non-traditional for Apolline narrative. The commentary considers what role prior word usage (texts) may have played as intertexts, or sources of poetic resonance in the ears of an audience.
    [Show full text]
  • Seven Against Thebes
    S K E N È Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies 4:2 2018 Kin(g)ship and Power Edited by Eric Nicholson SKENÈ Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies Founded by Guido Avezzù, Silvia Bigliazzi, and Alessandro Serpieri General Editors Guido Avezzù (Executive Editor), Silvia Bigliazzi. Editorial Board Simona Brunetti, Francesco Lupi, Nicola Pasqualicchio, Susan Payne, Gherardo Ugolini. Managing Editor Francesco Lupi. Editorial Staff Francesco Dall’Olio, Marco Duranti, Maria Serena Marchesi, Antonietta Provenza, Savina Stevanato. Layout Editor Alex Zanutto. Advisory Board Anna Maria Belardinelli, Anton Bierl, Enoch Brater, Jean-Christophe Cavallin, Rosy Colombo, Claudia Corti, Marco De Marinis, Tobias Döring, Pavel Drábek, Paul Edmondson, Keir Douglas Elam, Ewan Fernie, Patrick Finglass, Enrico Giaccherini, Mark Griffith, Daniela Guardamagna, Stephen Halliwell, Robert Henke, Pierre Judet de la Combe, Eric Nicholson, Guido Paduano, Franco Perrelli, Didier Plassard, Donna Shalev, Susanne Wofford. Copyright © 2018 SKENÈ Published in December 2018 All rights reserved. ISSN 2421-4353 No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission from the publisher. SKENÈ Theatre and Drama Studies http://www.skenejournal.it [email protected] Dir. Resp. (aut. Trib. di Verona): Guido Avezzù P.O. Box 149 c/o Mail Boxes Etc. (MBE150) – Viale Col. Galliano, 51, 37138, Verona (I) Contents Kin(g)ship and Power Edited by Eric Nicholson Eric Nicholson – Introduction 5 Anton Bierl – The mise en scène of Kingship and Power in 19 Aeschylus’ Seven Against Thebes: Ritual Performativity or Goos, Cledonomancy, and Catharsis Alessandro Grilli – The Semiotic Basis of Politics 55 in Seven Against Thebes Robert S.
    [Show full text]
  • Greek Mythology / Apollodorus; Translated by Robin Hard
    Great Clarendon Street, Oxford 0X2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogotá Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris São Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw with associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Robin Hard 1997 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published as a World’s Classics paperback 1997 Reissued as an Oxford World’s Classics paperback 1998 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organizations. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Apollodorus. [Bibliotheca. English] The library of Greek mythology / Apollodorus; translated by Robin Hard.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gospel of Hellas 
    the gospel of hellas THE GOSPEL OF HELLAS The Mission of Ancient Greece and The Advent of Christ the gospel of hellas eneral view of side, W. view ofeneral side, G Athens: Acropolis Acropolis Athens: THE GOSPEL OF HELLAS The Mission of Ancient Greece and The Advent of Christ by F R E D E R I C K H I E B E L We must not follow those who advise us mortals to think of mortal things, but we must, so far as we can, make ourselves immortal. – aristotle (Nikomachean Ethics) 1949 ANTHROPOSOPHIC PRESS new york 2008 Research InstitUte for Waldorf EDUcation Wilton, NH the gospel of hellas The electronic publication was funded by the Waldorf Curriculum Fund © Research Institute for Waldorf Education, 2008 Editor: David Mitchell Scanning and Copyediting: Ann Erwin Cover design: Scribner Ames Antrhrposophic Press, 1943 ISBN: None Preface Out of print reference books are often difficult to locate. Through the foresight and support of the Waldorf Curriculum Fund, this title has been resurrected and is now available gratis in an electronic version on www.waldorflibrary.org, one of the websites of the Research Institute for Waldorf Education. We hope you will find this resource valuable. Please contact us if you have other books that you would like to see posted. – David Mitchell Research Institute for Waldorf Education Boulder, CO August 2008 the gospel of hellas To my dear wife Beulah Emmet Hiebel By the same author: shakespeare and the awakening of modern consciousness TABLE OF CONTENTS preface ........................................................................................................11 introduction: A New View of Hellenic Culture ....................................13 chapter I: The Hellenic Consciousness ....................................................18 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Lost Geography: the Geographical Fragments of Daës of Colonae, Democles of Phygela and Dionysius of Chalcis1
    Lost Geography: The Geographical Fragments of Daës of Colonae, Democles of Phygela and Dionysius of Chalcis1 Daniela Dueck Introduction Greek and Roman sources do not offer a clear definition of gewgrafiva, and it was never even an independent scholarly discipline.2 Geographical themes appeared in almost every literary genre and works devoted to geographical issues were written in prose or verse, discussed the world as a whole or a region within it or dealt with either concepts or calculations. Scientists, mathematicians, astronomers, historians, philosophers, poets and travellers — all could produce written records discussing geographical issues. The following collection includes fragments containing geographical data by authors of varied identity and intellectual orientation. It has long been recognized, even if not declared outright, that the Geography of Strabo is an encyclopedic compilation. It is neither arranged thematically nor does it include an organized catalogue, as opposed, for instance, to the Historia Naturalis of Pliny the Elder.3 However, it is definitely a collection of numerous items of information on a wide range of topics pertaining to the entire world known at the time (first century BCE). Strabo himself sets the standards for good geographical writing: its author must have acquired a broad range of learning (polumaqiva), and his proposed audience must have had an encyclopedic training (ejgkuvklio" ajgwghv) (1.1.12; 1.1.22). The Geography is therefore a work that warrants being called encyclopedic because it includes copious and diversified data. The encyclopedic nature of the compilation, as well as its variety, are reflected in many modern studies that do not deal specifically with Strabo, yet often cite his work on very specific points.
    [Show full text]
  • Trends in Classics
    2014!·!VOLUME 6!· NUMBER 2 TRENDS IN CLASSICS EDITED BY Franco Montanari, Genova Antonios Rengakos, Thessaloniki SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Alberto Bernabé, Madrid Margarethe Billerbeck, Fribourg Claude Calame, EHESS, Paris Philip Hardie, Cambridge Stephen Harrison, Oxford Stephen Hinds, U of Washington, Seattle Richard Hunter, Cambridge Christina Kraus, Yale Giuseppe Mastromarco, Bari Gregory Nagy, Harvard Theodore D. Papanghelis, Thessaloniki Giusto Picone, Palermo Kurt Raaflaub, Brown University Bernhard Zimmermann, Freiburg Brought to you by | Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Preussischer Kulturbesitz Authenticated Download Date | 11/7/14 11:19 PM ISSN 1866-7473 ∙ e-ISSN 1866-7481 All information regarding notes for contributors, subscriptions, Open access, back volumes and orders is available online at www.degruyter.com/tic Trends in Classics, a new journal and its accompanying series of Supplementary Volumes, will pub- lish innovative, interdisciplinary work which brings to the study of Greek and Latin texts the insights and methods of related disciplines such as narratology, intertextuality, reader-response criticism, and oral poetics. Trends in Classics will seek to publish research across the full range of classical antiquity. Submissions of manuscripts for the series and the journal are welcome to be sent directly to the editors: RESPONSIBLE EDITORS Prof. Franco Montanari, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy. franco. [email protected], Prof. Antonios Rengakos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. [email protected] EDITORIAL
    [Show full text]
  • The Geography of the Iliad in Ancient Scholarship by Cassandra J. Borges
    The Geography of the Iliad in Ancient Scholarship by Cassandra J. Borges A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Studies) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor Richard Janko, Chair Professor Ruth S. Scodel Associate Professor Francesca Schironi Assistant Professor Ian S. Moyer Acknowledgements This dissertation is fundamentally about how nothing scholarly happens in a vacuum. There is nothing like the process of writing a dissertation to bring this truth home. I could not have sustained this project without the help and encouragement of an assortment of people, both within and without the academy. Thanks go first to my committee, who collectively taught me a lot about working within a scholarly tradition. My advisor, Richard Janko, brought an incredible breadth and depth of learning and a rigorous eye for detail to the project; without his initial shrewd guess that what this particular budding Homerist needed was scholia, it never would have happened. It has been a privilege to work with him. Ruth Scodel has provided a number of astute and perceptive comments on the Iliad, and her propensity to get inside the psychology of everyone from Antenor to Zenodotus was tremendously bracing; she has helped to sharpen and focus my thought. Francesca Schironi, a late (and lucky, from my perspective!) addition to the project, was a superb and enthusiastic resource for how to deal with Homeric scholarship. Finally, Ian Moyer has bravely dealt with an unfamiliar mass of material, and I appreciate his enthusiasm for the idea of doing cultural history through the scholia.
    [Show full text]
  • Mousikē and Mythos: the Role of Choral Performance in Later Euripidean Tragedy
    Mousikē and Mythos: The Role of Choral Performance in Later Euripidean Tragedy by Naomi Alison Weiss A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classics in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Mark Griffith, Co-Chair Professor Leslie Kurke, Co-Chair Professor Donald Mastronarde Professor Anastasia-Erasmia Peponi Professor Richard Crocker Spring 2014 Mousikē and Mythos: The Role of Choral Performance in Later Euripidean Tragedy © Copyright by Naomi Alison Weiss, 2014. All rights reserved. ABSTRACT Mousikē and Mythos: The Role of Choral Performance in Later Euripidean Tragedy by Naomi Alison Weiss Doctor of Philosophy in Classics University of California, Berkeley Professor Mark Griffith, Co-Chair Professor Leslie Kurke, Co-Chair This dissertation takes a new approach to the study of Greek theater by examining the dramatic function of mousikē (music, song, dance) in the plays of Euripides. Previous scholarship has tended to see the many references to mousikē in his later work only in connection with the “New Music” (the changes in musical style, language, and instruments in fifth-century Athens), and to disregard their place within the plays themselves, often deeming especially meta-musical choral odes to be irrelevant to the surrounding drama. In contrast, I explore the dynamics of choreia (choral song and dance) and the sociocultural meanings of different musical images in four plays to show how mousikē plays a vital role in directing and complementing the movement of the plot. I demonstrate how Euripides uses traditional as well as new images of mousikē, and argue that this combination of musical motifs is essential to an understanding of each play’s dramatic structure.
    [Show full text]
  • Para-Philias Transgressive Sex in Ancient Greece
    DOCTORAL THESIS Para-philias transgressive sex in Ancient Greece Malheiro Magalhães, José Award date: 2020 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 04. Oct. 2021 Para-philias Transgressive sex in Ancient Greece by José Malheiro Magalhães BA, MA A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD Department of Humanities University of Roehampton 2019 2 Abstract The thesis explores sexual behaviour that the Greeks considered to transgress natural, social, legal and religious boundaries. The title, ‘para-philias’ - para (beside) + philia (love) - is a play on the modern psychological term ‘paraphilias’ used to categorize sexual activities deemed as mental disorders. I address four different examples of sexual behaviour that were considered transgressive, the act of looking at someone in a sexual, private situation, without being entitled to do so, ‘Sexual visual transgression’ (chapter 1); sexual contact between adults and prepubescent children, ‘Child sexual abuse’ (chapter 2); sexual intercourse between humans and animals, ‘Human-animal sex’ (chapter 3); and sexual intercourse between living humans and corpses, ‘Sex with corpses’ (chapter 4).
    [Show full text]
  • THE SUDA's LIFE of SOPHOCLES (SIGMA 815): TRANSLATION and COMMENTARY with SOURCES Wm. Blake Tyrrell (Michigan State Universit
    THE SUDA’S LIFE OF SOPHOCLES (SIGMA 815): TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY WITH SOURCES Wm. Blake Tyrrell (Michigan State University) Table of Contents Preface Introduction The Suda sigma 815: Translation and Text Index to Notes and Sources Texts, Translation, and Commentary Appendix: Text and Translation of Family and Life of Sophocles Bibliography 4 Electronic Antiquity 9.1 Preface This project is offered as a resource for those interested in the life of Sophocles. Sigma 815 of the Byzantine lexicon, The Suda, forms its core. The Suda entry is annotated with thirteen notes which treat discrete subjects and around which are organized the sources for Sophoclesʹ life. An index to the notes has been provided. The sources are presented with the Greek and accompanying English translation. Commentary is interspersed among them where it is useful. The commentary does not attempt to build up a biography of Sophocles, for in the present condition of the sources none is possible. Ada Alder’s monumental edition of The Suda is currently being translated by numerous scholars under the direction of Suda On Line, published by the Stoa Consortium. The author’s translation of sigma 815 forms part of this effort. I have used T enclosed in parenthesis with a number in the reference line of a source to designate the number of the source, where available, in the list of testimonia collected by Stefan Radt in Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta. Vol. 4: Sophocles. A bolded number in parenthesis designates a source in the present work. Tyrrell The Suda’s Life of Sophocles 5 Introduction Ἡ Σοῦδα, The Suda, perhaps The Fortress or The Stronghold, denotes the title, not the author as long thought, of a Byzantine lexicon.1 The Suda was complied after the time of Photius (ninth century) whom it cites and Eustathius (twelfth century) who cites it.
    [Show full text]
  • Naspeuringen Van Paul Theelen: Ilias Van Homerus
    Naspeuringen van Paul Theelen: Iliad [Iliad.01.001] Anger [mēnis], goddess, sing it, of Achilles, son of Peleus - disastrous [oulomenē] anger that made countless pains [algea] for the Achaeans, and many steadfast lives [psūkhai] it drove down to Hādēs, heroes’ lives, but their bodies it made prizes for dogs 5 [Iliad.01.005] and for all birds, and the Will of Zeus was reaching its fulfillment [telos] - sing starting from the point where the two—I now see it—first had a falling out, engaging in strife [eris], I mean, [Agamemnon] the son of Atreus, lord of men, and radiant Achilles. So, which one of the gods was it who impelled the two to fight with each other in strife [eris]? It was [Apollo] the son of Leto and of Zeus. For he 10 [Apollo], infuriated at the king [Agamemnon], [Iliad.01.010] caused an evil disease to arise throughout the mass of warriors, and the people were getting destroyed, because the son of Atreus had dishonored Khrysēs his priest. Now Khrysēs had come to the ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter, and had brought with him a great ransom [apoina]: moreover he bore in his hand the 15 scepter of Apollo wreathed with a suppliant’s wreath [Iliad.01.015] and he besought the Achaeans, but most of all the two sons of Atreus, who were their chiefs. “Sons of Atreus,” he cried, “and all other Achaeans, may the gods who dwell in Olympus grant you to destroy the city of Priam, and to reach your homes in safety; 20 [Iliad.01.020] but free my daughter, and accept a ransom [apoina] for her, in reverence to Apollo, son of Zeus.”` Then the rest of the Achaeans with one voice were for respecting the priest and taking the ransom that he offered; but not so Agamemnon, son of Atreus [Iliad.01.025] who spoke fiercely to him and sent him roughly away.
    [Show full text]
  • Total of 10 Pages Only May Be Xeroxed
    CENTRE FOR NEWFOUNDLAND STUDIES TOTAL OF 10 PAGES ONLY MAY BE XEROXED (Without Author's Permission) CRUELTY TOWARDS CmLDREN IN THEBAN TRADITIONAL TALES by Stephanie Harlick A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Classics Memorial University of Newfoundland June 26, 1998 St. John' s Newfoundland ABSTRACT Children frequently appear as characters in Greek traditional tales, usually as the objects of cruel treatment. The purpose of this thesis is to identify some of the more important tales which involve cruelty towards children, to examine the role of children in these tales, and to consider the relationship between adults and children in them. The ultimate goal is to identify the main function or functions of children in the tales. This thesis concentrates on those stories which center around Thebes, a place rich in traditional tales. Stories from other places are discussed where appropriate and which demonstrate that the acts of cruelty towards children were common throughout Greek traditional tales. The introductory chapter outlines the purpose of the thesis, and the scope of the investigation is set out through a classification of various types of cruelty towards children that occur in the tales. The tale of Niobe, who is portrayed by several authors as suffering endlessly, is used as an example to demonstrate cruelty towards children. The tales which are discussed in this thesis have been divided into three classifications, to each of which a chapter is devoted: l) the abduction of children; 2) the abandonment and exposure of children; and 3) the murder of children.
    [Show full text]