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Січень-Березень 2005 January-March Vol. XXXI, #1

Січень-Березень 2005 January-March Vol. XXXI, #1

ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÀ ÏÐÀÂÎÑËÀÂÍÀ UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX ÖÅÐÊÂÀ Â ÑØÀ CHURCH OF THE USA âèäàº published by ÎÁ’ªÄÍÀÍÍß ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÈÕ UNITED UKRAINIAN ÏÐÀÂÎÑËÀÂÍÈÕ ÑÅÑÒÐÈÖÒÂ ORTHODOX SISTERHOODS

Ð³ê ÕÕÕI, ÷. 1 (117) ñ³÷åíü-áåðåçåíü 2005 January-March Vol. XXXI, #1 (117) 1974 - FAITH ÂIÐÀ - 2005 Îõîðîía òðàäèöié ÓÏÖ, Preservation of the traditions ïîøèðåííÿ iíôîðìàöié ïðî êóëüòóðíi of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and òà iòîðè÷íi äîñÿãíåííÿ i çâè÷à¢ witnessing to the cultural and historical óêðà¢íñüêîãî íàðîäó! achivements of Ukrainian people! ÎÁ’ªÄÍÀÍÍß ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÈÕ ÏÐÀÂÎÑËÀÂÍÈÕ ÑÅÑÒÐÈÖÒÂ Ó ÑØÀ ²Ì. ÑÂ. ÊÍßÃÈÍ² ÎËÜÃÈ ÇÌIÑÒ - CONTENTS ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÀ ÏÐÀÂÎÑËÀÂÍÀ ÖÅÐÊÂÀ Ó ÑØÀ UNITED UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX SISTERHOODS OF THE USA Ëèñò/Ïðèâ³òàííÿ Ñîáîðó ªïèñêîï³â ÓÏÖ â ÑØÀ 1 UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH OF THE USA Ëèñò/Ïðèâ³òàííÿ Ãîëîâè ÎÓÏÑ Íàä³¿ Ì³ð÷óê 1

President: Ìè íà Ìàéäàí³ ³ Ìàéäàí ó íàøèõ äóøàõ - Ì. Êîöþáèíñüêà 2 Nadiya Mirchuk Ð³÷íèöÿ Áåðåçîëÿ 4 Spiritual Advisor: Protopresbyter William Diakiw Íà Áàòüê³âùèíó ïîâåðíóñü...- Ë. Àíòîíþê-Ñë³äç³íñüêà 6

EXECUTIVE BOARD Ïàëàëà çàäëÿ âîë³ Óêðà¿íè - Ì. Øàëàòà 9

Honorary President: In the grip of Great Frustrations - Serhiy Hupalo 12 Valentyna Kuzmycz Îðãàí³çàòîð ³ íàòõíåííèê Óêðà¿íñüêî¿ Åíöèêëîïåä³¿ - Ï. Îäàð÷åíêî 14 Honorary Members: Nina Bileckyj Sound Conservatism - Liudmyla Riabokon 16 Olha Hlynska Johanna Staroschak Ìàìèíà ï³ñíÿ - Ì. Øàëàòà 15 Raisa Zelinsky The Poisonous Fruits of Hatred... - Mykola Lytvyn 22

Vice Presidents: Íàø íàéìîëîäøèé â³âòàðíèé õëîï÷èê - Î. Âîðîíèí 24 Lida Chumak Olha Antochy Íàø³ ñòèïåíäèñòè 26 Nadia Brushenko St. Matrona Ladies Society Holds Cookie Walk - Stephanie Swindle 27 Secretary: Natalia Posewa Ukraine 1933: A Cookbook - Óêðà¿íà 1933: Êóë³íàðíà êíèãà 28

Treasurer: Íàì ïèøóòü 29 Olha Krywolap Ç ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñåñòðèöòâà ñâ. Îëüãè â Ì³ííåàïîë³ñ³ - Î. Çìàãà-Õîðîëåöü 29 221 Edridge Way Catonsville, MD 21228 Donations-Ïîæåðòâè 31

Financial Secretary: “Children Learn What They Live” - Dorothy Law Nolte 33 Nina Czeczulin

Culture & Education: Àäì³í³ñòðàö³ÿ “Â³ðè”: Anna Bojko Jennings Editor-in-Chief Íàä³ÿ Ì³ð÷óê Sofhia Bilinsky Hieromonk Daniel (Zelinsky) 110 East Cedar St. Luba Shevchenko PO Box 495 South Bound Brook, NJ 08880 Livingston, NJ 07039 Members: E-mail: [email protected] Raisa Chejlyk Ð³÷íà ïåðåäïëàòà: 20 äîë. – ó ÑØÀ, Ludmila Hajdar Ãîëîâíèé ðåäàêòîð: 25 äîë. – äëÿ ïåðåñèëàííÿ â Óêðà¿íó Marianne Zadojany ³ºðîìîíàõ Äàíè¿ë (Çåë³íñüêèé) Ðåäàêö³ÿ çàñòåð³ãàº çà ñîáîþ ïðàâî Auditors: Ðåäàêö³éíà êîëåã³ÿ: ñêîðî÷óâàòè ñòàòò³ òà âèïðàâëÿòè ìîâó. Alexandra Brynowsky Âàëåíòèíà Êóçüìè÷, Ñòàòò³, ï³äïèñàí³ ïð³çâèùåì àâòîðà, Anastasia Hrybowych Îëÿ Ìàòóëà, Íàä³ÿ Ñâ³òëè÷íà âèñëîâëþþòü éîãî âëàñí³ ïîãëÿäè, à Kateryna Hucul íå ïîãëÿäè Ðåäàêö³¿. Ãîëîâíà Óïðàâà Îá’ºäíàííÿ Óêðà¿íñüêèõ Ïðàâîñëàâíèõ Ñåñòðèöòâ ÓÏÖ â ÑØÀ òà Ðåäàêö³éíà êîëåã³ÿ “Â³ðè” ïðèñâÿ÷óþòü âèäàííÿ öüîãî ÷èñëà æóðíàëó íåçëîìíîìó äóõîâ³ óêðà¿íñüêîãî õðèñòèÿíèíà òà íîâîîáðàíîìó Ïðåçèäåíòîâ³ Óêðà¿íè Â³êòîðó Þùåíêó!

The National Board of the United Ukrainian Orthodox Sisterhoods of the UOC of the USA and the Editorial Board of “Vira/Faith” dedicate this edition of our magazine to the unbroken spirit of a ukrainian christian and newly elected President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko!

ÑÎÁÎÐ ªÏÈÑÊÎÏ²Â ÎÁ’ªÄÍÀÍÍß ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÈÕ ÏÐÀÂÎÑËÀÂÍÈÕ ÑÅÑÒÐÈÖÒÂ Ó ÑØÀ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÎ¯ ÏÐÀÂÎÑËÀÂÍÎ¯ ÖÅÐÊÂÈ Â ÑØÀ ²Ì. ÑÂ. ÊÍßÃÈÍ² ÎËÜÃÈ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÀ ÏÐÀÂÎÑËÀÂÍÀ ÖÅÐÊÂÀ Ó ÑØÀ Ïðèâ³òàëüíå çâåðíåííÿ äî íîâîîáðàíîãî UNITED UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX SISTERHOODS OF THE USA Ïðåçèäåíòà Óêðà¿íè Â³êòîðà Þùåíêà! UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH OF THE USA Ãîëîâà: Íàä³ÿ Ì³ð÷óê 110 East Cedar St. Livingston, NJ 07039 4 ñ³÷íÿ 2005 ð.Á. 1/8/2005 Âàøà Åêñöåëåíö³º, âåëüìèøàíîâíèé Â³êòîðå Àíäð³éîâè÷ó! Äî Ñëàâà ²ñóñó Õðèñòó! Õðèñòîñ Íàðîäèâñÿ! Éîãî Åêñöåëåíö³¿, Â³êòîðà Þùåíêà, Ìè, ÷ëåíè Ñîáîðó ªïèñêîï³â ñâÿòî¿ Óêðà¿íñüêî¿ Ïðàâîñëàâíî¿ Öåðêâè â Ïðåçèäåíòà Óêðà¿íè ÑØÀ: Ìèòðîïîëèò Êîíñòàíòèí, Àðõèºïèñêîï Àíòîí³é òà Àðõèºïèñêîï Âñåâîëîä, ñåðäå÷íî â³òàºìî Âàñ ³ç îáðàííÿì íà âèñîêå ñòàíîâèùå Êè¿â, Óêðà¿íà Ïðåçèäåíòà Óêðà¿íè. Çàïåâíÿºìî Âàñ ó íàøèõ ìîëèòâàõ òà ìîëèòâàõ äóõîâåíñòâà ³ â³ðíèõ Óêðà¿íñüêî¿ Ïðàâîñëàâíî¿ Öåðêâè â ÑØÀ. Âàøà Åêñöåëåíö³º,

Ïðèíîñèìî íàø³ ùèð³ ìîëèòâè çà òå, ùîá ï³ä Âàøèì óì³ëèì ³ ñïðàâåäëèâèì Îá’ºäíàííÿ Óêðà¿íñüêèõ Ïðàâîñëàâíèõ Ñåñòðèöòâ ³ì. êí. êåðóâàííÿì íàðîä Óêðà¿íè ì³ã, ÿê ñêàçàíî ó ñâ. Ë³òóðã³¿, “…âåñòè ùàñëèâå Îëüãè â ÑØÀ ìàº øàíó ³ ïðèºìí³ñòü â³òàòè Âàñ ³ç ïåðåìîãîþ ³ ìèðíå æèòòÿ ó ïîáîæíîñò³ ³ ã³äíîñò³”, çä³éñíþâàòè ñâ³é îñîáèñòèé ïîòåíö³ÿë ó ïðåçèäåíòñüêèõ âèáîðàõ. òà âò³øàòèñÿ ïîòåíö³ÿëîì ñâîº¿ äåðæàâè.

Ìè ðàä³ºìî çì³ñòîì ïðèâ³òàëüíîãî ëèñòà, íàä³ñëàíîãî Âàì Éîãî Âñåñâÿò³ñòþ Ðàä³ºìî, ùî íàðåøò³ Óêðà¿íà áóäå ìàòè ïðåçèäåíòà, ÿêèé Âñåëåíñüêèì Ïàòð³ÿðõîì Âàðôîëîì³ºì, â³ä 3-ãî ñ³÷íÿ 2005 ð.Á., ³ ïðèíîñèìî äáàòèìå ïðî äîáðîáóò ñâîãî íàðîäó. ïîäÿêó Ãîñïîäåâ³ çà íüîãî. Â öüîìó ëèñò³ Âñåñâÿò³øèé Ïàòð³ÿðõ âèñëîâëþº ñòóðáóâàííÿ çà äîáðèé ñòàí ñâÿòîãî Ïðàâîñëàâ’ÿ â Óêðà¿í³. Ìè ðàçîì ç Ñïîä³âàºìîñü, ùî ï³ä âàøèì ïðîâîäîì Óêðà¿íà çàéìå Éîãî Âñåñâÿò³ñòþ ïðàöþâàëè íàä ñïðàâàìè, ùî ìàëè âåñòè äî âñòàíîâëåííÿ íàëåæíå ¿é ì³ñöå ñåðåä äåìîêðàòè÷íèõ êðà¿í ñâ³òó ³ç îäí³ºþ ºäèíî¿ Ïîì³ñíî¿ Ïðàâîñëàâíî¿ Öåðêâè â Óêðà¿í³. Ìè íå ëèøå ìîëèìîñü íåçàëåæíîþ Óêðà¿íñüêîþ Ïðàâîñëàâíîþ Öåðêâîþ, ð³âíîþ çà òå, àëå º ãëèáîêî ïåðåêîíàí³, ùî êðîêè, ùî âåäóòü äî öåðêîâíî¿ ºäíîñò³, ì³æ ³íøèìè Ïðàâîñëàâíèìè Öåðêâàìè. ÿê³ Âàø³ ïîïåðåäíèêè íå áàæàëè çðîáèòè, áóäóòü çðîáëåí³ Âàìè, âåëüìèøàíîâíèé Â³êòîðå Àíäð³éîâè÷ó. Òàêîæ ìîëèòîâíî íàä³ºìîñü, ùî Éîãî Âñåñâÿò³ñòü áóäå çàïðîøåíî äëÿ äèñêóñ³é ç Âàìè, ïàíå Ïåçèäåíòå, â Ïðîñèìî Ãîñïîäà Áîãà, ùîá äàâ Âàì äîáðîãî çäîðîâ’ÿ, Óêðà¿íó, êðà¿íó, êîòðà, ÿê ³ Êîíñòàíòèíîïîëü, áóëà áëàãîñëîâåííà ñèëè ³ âèòðèâàëîñò³ íà äîâã³ ðîêè ³ îòî÷èâ Âàñ ã³äíèìè ³ ïðèñóòí³ñòþ ñâÿòîãî àïîñòîëà Àíäð³ÿ Ïåðâîçâàííîãî. çä³áíèìè ëþäüìè ó ñêëàäí³é ³ â³äïîâ³äàëüí³é ïðàö³.

Ïåðåñèëàþ÷è Âàì íàø³ íàéñåðäå÷í³ø³ ð³çäâÿí³ ïîáàæàííÿ, ìè ìîëèìîñü Â³ðèìî, ùî ³ â ìàéáóòíüîìó Ìèëîñåðäíèé Ãîñïîäü áóäå çà òå, ùîá Âàøà àäì³í³ñòðàö³ÿ ïîâñÿê÷àñ áóëà ïðèêëàäîì ïðàâäè, ùåäðî íàä³ëÿòè Âàñ Ñâî¿ìè ëàñêàìè ³ ùåäðîòàìè. ñïðàâåäëèâîñò³ ³ ïðàâåäíîñò³ äëÿ íàðîäó, äîâ³ðåíîãî Âàø³é îï³ö³, Íàä³ÿ Ì³ð÷óê, ãîëîâà ÕÐÈÑÒÎÑ ÍÀÐÎÄÈÂÑß! ÑËÀÂÌÎ ÉÎÃÎ!

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 1 Ì. Êîöþáèíñüêà. êóëüòóðîëîã, ë³òåðàòóðîçíàâåöü, ó÷àñíèöÿ ø³ñòäåñÿòíèöüêîãî ðóõó ÌÈ ÍÀ ÌÀÉÄÀÍ² ² ÌÀÉÄÀÍ Ó ÍÀØÈÕ ÄÓØÀÕ

Íà Ìàéäàí³ â ñåðö³ Êèºâà “ðåâîëþö³ÿ ³äå”. Òóò ç³áðàëèñÿ íå ïðîñòî “ëþäè”, íå “þðáà”, “íàòîâï”, “âóëèöÿ”, ÿê ëþáèòü âèñëîâëþâàòèñÿ íàø ãàðàíò, à íàðîä. Îñòàíí³ì ÷àñîì ÿ ÿêîñü óíèêàëà ïðÿìîãî ïîêëèêàííÿ íà öå ïîíÿòòÿ, çíà÷íîþ ì³ðîþ çäåøåâëåíå é çäèñêðåäèòîâàíå äåìàãîã³÷íèì íàäóæèâàííÿì: ïîíÿòòÿ “íàðîä” âæèâàëè ÿê ïñåâäîí³ì “âëàäè” äëÿ îñâÿ÷åííÿ ïîë³òè÷íèõ àìá³ö³é ³ ìåò, íàñïðàâä³ íå äîòè÷íèõ äî éîãî ³íòåðåñ³â ³ âîëåâèÿâëåíü. Òà â ö³ äí³ ÿ ùàñëèâà, áî áà÷ó ïåðåä ñîáîþ íàðîä –íå ÿê ã³ïîòåòè÷íèé ³ìïåðàòèâ, íå ÿê â³ðòóàëüíó ðåàëüí³ñòü, íå ÿê ïðîïàãàíäèñòñüêå ãàñëî, à ó ñâî¿é ïëîò³ é êðîâ³, ó ñïðàâæíüîìó é ñîêðîâåííîìó çíà÷åíí³ öüîãî ñëîâà. Ìàþ çìîãó çàçèðíóòè â éîãî î÷³ -³ òî äîáð³ î÷³, ñêàæó ÿ âàì. Ðîçóìí³, æèâ³, ç ³ñêîðêîþ ³ðîí³¿, çäàòí³ ñïàëàõíóòè ïðàâåäíèì ãí³âîì ³ çâîëîæèòèñÿ çáåð³ãàëà íà ÷îðíèé äåíü,-ùå çîâñ³ì äîáðó øóáó, òåïëó ñëüîçàìè ó íàéñâÿò³ø³ ìîìåíòè. Ñåðåä òàêèõ î÷åé øàïêó, êîâäðó… Óñå öå òðåáà áà÷èòè! ïî÷óâàºø ñåáå òåïëî ³ íàä³éíî. Âäÿ÷íà äîë³ çà òå, ùî ² ÿêáè ðîñ³éñüê³ òåëåêàíàëè íå îáìåæóâàëèñÿ Ãîñïîäü ñïîäîáèâ ìåíå äîòîðêíóòèñÿ äî òîãî âåëèêîãî ïîêàçîì ³íòåðâ’þ ç â³äñåëåêö³îíîâàíèìè äåïóòàòàìè, êàòàðñèñó, ÿêèì º Ìàéäàí. ñèíüî-á³ëèõ ì³òèíã³â ³ áëîêóâàííÿ àäì³í³ñòðàö³¿ Â³ä÷óâàºø, ÿê ñïðàâäæóþòüñÿ, íàïîâíþþòüñÿ ïðåçèäåíòà, à ïîêàçàëè õî÷ íà ìèòü ïàíîðàìó Ìàéäàíó, ðåàëüíèì çì³ñòîì ïîë³òè÷í³ êàòåãîð³¿, ãàñëà é ïðîãíîçè. çóïèíèâøè îá’ºêòèâ íà äåñÿòêîâ³ î÷åé, ðåàêö³ÿ íà íàø³ ßê íàëèâàºòüñÿ ñìèñëîì ³ íàðåøò³ çâó÷èòü ó ã³äíîìó ïîä³¿ â ò³é æå Ðîñ³¿ áóëà á ³íøîþ. Õî÷à é òàê âîíà àæ êîíòåêñò³ ñëîâî “Óêðà¿íà”. ß íå ðàç ñîë³äàðèçóâàëàñÿ ç í³ÿê íå òîòîæíà ïóò³íñüê³é. Âèñòóïàþ÷è ïî Ï’ÿòîìó êàíàëó, ³ðîí³÷íèì çàóâàæåííÿì Þð³ÿ Øåâåëüîâà, ùî ç îãëÿäó â³äîìèé ðîñ³éñüêèé ðîê-ìóçèêàíò Þð³é Øåâ÷óê ñêàçàâ, íà ìàñøòàáíå çäåøåâëåííÿ öüîãî ñâÿòîãî ïîíÿòòÿ ó ùî äåäàë³ ìåíøå ÷óòè àíåêäîò³â ïðî õèòðîãî õîõëà é íåïðàâåäíèõ óñòàõ ïîë³òèêàí³â ³ ïðèñòîñóâàíö³â àæ ñàëî, íàòîì³ñòü çäèâîâàíå: “À âîíè, âèÿâëÿºòüñÿ, êëàñí³ õî÷åòüñÿ íàêëàñòè ìîðàòîð³é íà ñëîâî “Óêðà¿íà”. Òàê îò õëîïö³!” Íå êàæó âæå ïðî ðåàêö³þ äåìîêðàòè÷íî¿ (õàé, ñüîãîäí³ öåé ìîðàòîð³é çíÿòî! íà æàëü, ³ íå÷èñëåííî¿) ðîñ³éñüêî¿ ³íòåë³ãåíö³¿. Âïåâíåíî âõîäèòü äî ëåêñèêîíó âñ³õ ìîâ ñâ³òó ² çàãàëîì, ÿê âèñëîâèâñÿ âñå íà òîìó æ êàíàë³ äçâ³íêå é çàêëè÷íå ñëîâî “Ìàéäàí”. Âæå ñüîãîäí³ ìîæíà îäèí â³äîìèé ìîäåëüºð, ñüîãîäí³ ñòàº ìîäíî áóòè ñêàçàòè, ùî çàñëóãà Ìàéäàíó â íîâ³òí³é óêðà¿íñüê³é ³ñòîð³¿- óêðà¿íöåì. íå áóäåìî áîÿòèñÿ òàêèõ ñë³â-íåîö³íåííà. Äðóãå. Çðóéíîâàíî ùå îäèí áîë³ñíèé ñòåðåîòèï Ïåðøå. Ìàéäàí ïîëàìàâ óñ³ îáèâàòåëüñüê³ –ïðî íà÷åáòî ïð³ðâó é âîðîæ³ñòü ì³æ ðîñ³éñüêî- ³ ñòåðåîòèïè ÿê ùîäî íàøî¿ ìîëîä³,- áóö³ìòî àïîë³òè÷íî¿, óêðà¿íîìîâíèìè. Âèÿâëÿºòüñÿ, ïð³ðâè íåìàº. Òåïëî é öèí³÷íî¿ ³ áåçäóõîâíî¿,-òàê ³ ùîäî ïð³ðâè ì³æ äîðå÷íî çâó÷èòü ÿê ìóçè÷íèé ñóïðîâ³ä ìàéäàííîãî ïîêîë³ííÿìè. Óñå âèÿâèëîñÿ íå òàê. Æåðòîâí³ñòü -³ ïîáóòó ðîñ³éñüêîìîâíèé õ³ò ïðî “îðàíæåâîº íåáî”. À ç çâàæåí³ñòü, òâåðåç³ñòü (íå ò³ëüêè â ïåðåíîñíîìó, à é ó óñò òàê çâàíèõ ðîñ³éñüêîìîâíèõ ÿ íàñëóõàëàñÿ çà ö³ äí³ ïðÿìîìó çíà÷åíí³) ³ åíòóç³àçì, íå ò³ëüêè çäàòí³ñòü ñò³ëüêè ñë³â ëþáîâ³ äî Óêðà¿íè! ß çàâæäè çíàëà, ùî íå â³äãóêíóòèñÿ íà çàêëèê, à é íàñòðîºí³ñòü íà êîíêðåòíå òðåáà êâàïèòèñÿ êàòåãîðè÷íî âèêëþ÷àòè ç êàòåãîð³¿ ä³ëî, íà êîíêðåòíó ä³þ. Ç ÿêîþ í³æí³ñòþ ãîäóâàëè öèõ “óêðà¿íö³” óñ³õ ëþäåé, ÿê³ çâèêëè ïîñëóãóâàòèñÿ â ïîáóò³ þíèõ ³ç çàñòóæåíèìè ãîëîñàìè ÿáëóêàìè é ïèð³æêàìè ðîñ³éñüêîþ ìîâîþ. À â ö³ äí³ áóëî îçâó÷åíî äóæå ë³òí³ êèÿíêè, çäàâàëîñÿ á, ³ç çîâñ³ì íå ïîë³òèçîâàíèõ âàæëèâó òåçó, ÿêà áëèçüêà ìåí³: ó òàê³é Óêðà¿í³ - âåðñòâ. Ìîÿ ñâàõà, ë³òíÿ ëþäèíà, íåçâàæàþ÷è íà ïðàâäèâ³é, òåïë³é, íîðìàëüí³é- õî÷åòüñÿ ïåðåéòè íà ïîëàìàíó ðóêó, ùîäíÿ õîäèëà íà Ìàéäàí, ÿê íà ñëóæáó, óêðà¿íñüêó ìîâó òèì, õòî ¿¿ çíàº, ³ âèâ÷èòè ¿¿ òèì, õòî íå ³ íîñèëà öèì ä³òÿì âñå, ùî, ÿê ëþäèíà îùàäëèâà, çíàº. Öå íå ïðèìóñ, íå êîí’þíêòóðà, à âíóòð³øí³é ³ìïóëüñ.

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 2 Òðåòº. Íà î÷àõ ðóéíóºòüñÿ óÿâëåííÿ ïðî “â³÷íî ìàñøòàáè, íåçð³âíÿíî ìåíø³ ê³ëüê³ñí³ ïàðàìåòðè, íàáàãàòî åìáð³îííó”, çà âèñëîâîì Ñòóñà, Óêðà¿íó, ÿêà äåìîíñòðóº ðåàëüí³ø³ çàãðîçè äëÿ êîæíîãî, é ìåíø â³ä÷óòí³ ïîòóæí³ é ïðåêðàñí³ ïîðèâè, â³÷íèé ñèíäðîì ôåí³êñà- ðåçóëüòàòè. Õî÷à, ÿê ñêàçàòè? Õ³áà âèìîâèòè âãîëîñ, ùî ñàìîâ³äðîäæåííÿ (³ òîìó íåçíèùåííà ó ñâî¿é ñóò³) ³ êîðîëü ãîëèé, â òîé ÷àñ, ÿê óñ³ ñï³âàþòü éîìó îñàííó, - âîäíî÷àñ íåçäàòí³ñòü äî “ñïîê³éíî¿” ùîäåííî¿ öå íå âèá³ð ³ íå ìóæí³ñòü? ² íå ðåçóëüòàò? ñàìîðåàë³çàö³¿; ó êîíêðåòíîìó äåðæàâíîìó áóòò³. “Íåìàº Òå æ â³ä÷óòòÿ ïëå÷à ³ ïðÿìîãî õðåáòà, ùî é íà ðÿäó íàì. Ðàïòîâèõ ñïðîá çàçóáðåí³ øïèë³ -òî ºäèíå”,- Ìàéäàí³, ïîïðè õîëîäîê ñòðàõó ³ ðåàëüí³ñòü ðåïðåñ³é, ïèñàâ Ñòóñ. Çàâæäè äóæå áîë³ñíî â³ä÷óâàëà öþ ³ñòîðè÷íó ãîòîâí³ñòü “íàïèñàòè” ñâîº æèòòÿ âïîïåðåê çàïðîïî- êîë³ç³þ. Òàê õî÷åòüñÿ, ùîá ó ñâî¿é íîâ³òí³é ³ñòîð³¿ ìè íîâàíîìó òîá³ ðîçë³íîâàíîìó àðêóøåâ³. Ãóðòîì ïðèéòè óòâåðäæóâàëè íå òàê ÷åðåç “Êðóòè” é “ãîëîäîìîð”, à íà ñóä íàä ×îðíîâîëîì ³ íà çíàê ñîë³äàðíîñò³ êèíóòè “ÿê õàçÿ¿í äîìîâèòèé ó ñâî¿é õàò³ ³ íà ñâîºìó ïîë³” éîìó êâ³òêó. Âñòàòè íà çíàê ïðîòåñòó ïðîòè àðåøò³â ï³ä (Ôðàíêî). ÷àñ ïðåì’ºðè “Ò³íåé çàáóòèõ ïðåäê³â” ó ê³íîòåàòð³ ² îò ñüîãîäí³ ì³é ïåñèì³çì ïîòðîõó ðîçâ³þºòüñÿ. ² “Óêðà¿íà”, âñòàòè íà êîíöåðò³ â ô³ëàðìîí³¿, êîëè âèêî- íå ò³ëüêè òîìó, ùî áà÷ó ïåðåä ñîáîþ íàðîä. Ïåðåä³ ìíîþ íóºòüñÿ íàï³âçàáîðîíåíèé òîä³ Øåâ÷åíê³â “Çàïîâ³ò”. êîíêðåòí³ ëþäè, çäàòí³ òâîðèòè êîíêðåòí³ ðå÷³, ñòàâèòè Âå÷îðè Êëóáó òâîð÷î¿ ìîëîä³ -Øåâ÷åíêà ó Æîâòíåâîìó ïåðåä ñîáîþ ðåàëüíó ìåòó ³ äîñÿãàòè ¿¿. Ìàþ íà óâàç³ íå ïàëàö³, Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè íà ñõèëàõ Äí³ïðà, çóñòð³÷³ ç ïîåòàìè ò³ëüêè Þùåíêà, ÿêèé çðîñòàº íà íàøèõ î÷àõ (áëàãîñëîâè â ³íñòèòóòàõ ³ íà ï³äïðèºìñòâàõ, âå÷îðè ïàì’ÿò³ Ñèìîíåíêà éîãî, Áîæå) ³ íàøó Þë³þ Ä’Àðê (ÿê âèñëîâèâñÿ îäèí ó Êëóá³ ìåä³íñòèòóòó é ó Ñï³ëö³ ïèñüìåííèê³â. Âïåðòå é ôðàíöóçüêèé êîðåñïîíäåíò, “³ äå âîíè âçÿëè öþ ñâ³äîìå ïîêëàäàííÿ êâ³ò³â äî ïàì’ÿòíèêà Øåâ÷åíêîâ³ 22 äèâîâèæíó æ³íêó ç ïðîñòîþ ñåëÿíñüêîþ çà÷³ñêîþ!?), à òðàâíÿ –íà î÷àõ ó “ìèñòåöòâîçíàâö³â ó öèâ³ëüíîìó”, ó é ä³ÿëüíèõ ³ êðàñíîìîâíèõ, ³ ïåðåêîíëèâèõ –Òîìåíêà, ñâ³òë³ ôîòîñïàëàõ³â, çíàþ÷è, ùî çàâòðà òåáå âèæåíóòü ç Ç³í÷åíêà, Ëóöåíêà, ³ òèõ, õòî áëèñêó÷å ïðîâ³â ñâîþ ïàðò³þ ³íñòèòóòó, çâ³ëüíÿòü ç ðîáîòè. Íà ñóäèëèù³, âëàøòîâàíîìó ó “ñèìôîí³¿” Âåðõîâíîãî Ñóäó- Êëþ÷êîâñüêîãî, Çâàðè÷à, ó òðóäîâîìó êîëåêòèâ³, îäíîìó ï³äíåñòè ðóêó çà êîëåãó, Êàòåðèí÷óêà. Äåêîãî â³äêðèâàþ çàíîâî: âèÿâëÿºòüñÿ, Ê³íàõ óì³º øèðîêî âñì³õàòèñÿ, ³ öå éîìó ëè÷èòü. ÿêîãî íàêàçàíî âèãíàòè ç ðîáîòè. Âèñòóïèòè ÿê ñâ³äîê ó Ó ð³çíèõ ïðîÿâàõ â³ä÷óâàþ òó æèòòºäàéíó ñóä³ ³ â î÷³ íåïðàâåäíèì ñóääÿì ñêàçàòè Ïðàâäó. Âèâåçòè êîíñòàíòó, ÿêó ïîåò íàçâàâ “ïðÿìîñòîÿííÿ” ³ “âèïðîñòó- ç òàáîðó ó íàéíåéìîâ³ðí³øèõ ñõîâàíêàõ äð³áíåñåíüêèì âàííÿ ñåáå”. Íà öüîìó òë³ òàê ïðèêðî ñïîñòåð³ãàòè á³ñåðîì íàïèñàíó òâî¿ì ÷îëîâ³êîì ÷è áðàòîì çàÿâó ÷è àêòèâí³ñòü äåìàãîã³â ³ ïåðåêèí÷èê³â, îñîáëèâî òèõ, õòî çâåðíåííÿ. Òà é ïðîñòî ïèñàòè ëèñòè ñâî¿ì äðóçÿì òóäè, ðèçèêíóâ ïîêëàñòè íà â³âòàð ïîë³òè÷íî¿ êîí’þíêòóðè ñâîº êóäè “íå ïîëîæåíî”. Òî òàêîæ Ìàéäàí. Ìàéäàí øàíîâàíå ³ì’ÿ –ñïðèéìàþ öå áîë³ñíî, ÿê êë³í³÷íèé âíóòð³øíüî¿ ñâîáîäè. Ìàéäàí íåçàëåæíîñò³ ó íàøèõ âèïàäîê. ñåðöÿõ. Òî çåðíà, ÿê³ íàáèðàëè ñèëè, ïðîðîñòàëè, ÿâèëè Ìîëþñÿ çà òå, ùîá ó òîãî íàðîäó ç äîáðèìè ñåáå ñâ³òîâ³ ðåôåðåíäóìîì 1991-ãî, à òåïåð âèáóõíóëè î÷èìà íå óâ³ðâàâñÿ òåðïåöü, àäæå éîãî áåçïåðåñòàíêó Ìàéäàíîì íåçàëåæíîñò³ 2004-ãî. Ñïðèéìàþ éîãî, ÿê ïðîâîêóþòü ò³ éîãî “ñëóãè”, õòî ìàâ áè ïðèñëóõàòèñÿ äî çàêîíîì³ðíèé ðîçâèòîê ³ ïðîäîâæåííÿ ø³ñòäåñÿòíèöüêîãî íüîãî, ³ ïåðåäóñ³ì ãàðàíò Êîíñòèòóö³¿, ùî âïðèòóë íå Ðåíåñàíñó é ïðàâîçàõèñíîãî ðóõó. áàæàº ïîäèâèòèñÿ Ìàéäàíîâ³ â î÷³. Íàâ³òü ÿ, ëþäèíà Íåùîäàâíî ÿ çàâåðøèëà ðîáîòó íàä êíèãîþ àáñîëþòíî ìèðíà é òîëåðàíòíà, â³ä÷óâàþ, ÿê íàñàìîò³ ³ç ñâî¿õ ñïîãàä³â. Çàê³í÷èëà ¿¿ òàêèìè ñëîâàìè: “Í³êîëè – ñîáîþ ðàäèêàë³çóþñÿ ó ñâî¿õ îö³íêàõ ³ ïîìèñëàõ. À ùî é ÿê áè ã³ðêî íå áóëî â³ä òîãî, ùî ä³ºòüñÿ, íå ñêàæó “â ö³é êàçàòè ïðî ìîëîäü” ÿêà óñâ³äîìèëà, ùî “ïîðà”… êðà¿í³”, áî öå ìîÿ êðà¿íà. ² çàâæäè ñîë³äàðèçóâàòèìóñü Çâ³ñíî, òàêèé ðàäèêàë³çì ³ ãëîáàëüíà ïîëÿðèçàö³ÿ ç “³ððàö³îíàëüíèì” îïòèì³çìîì ïîåòà, ïåâíîãî, ùî â ñóñï³ëüñòâ³ -ñèìïòîìè, õàé ³ çàêîíîì³ðí³, àëå òðèâîæí³ “Âîçäâèãíå Âêðà¿íà ñâîéîãî Ìîéñåÿ, Íå ìîæå æ òàê é íåáåçïå÷í³. Òà íå ñëóõàéòå òèõ, õòî õî÷å çâèíóâàòèòè â áóòü”. öüîìó Ìàéäàí! Ëþäåé ñïðîâîêóâàëè äî ïðîòåñòó – Òåïåð íå çìîæó íå äîïèñàòè ÿêîãîñü post âèñóíóâøè íà ïîñàäó ïåðøî¿ îñîáè â äåðæàâ³ àáñîëþòíî scriptum â ïîìàðàí÷åâèõ òîíàõ. Ó ñâîºìó ³íòåðâ’þ íå òó ëþäèíó, áåçöåðåìîííî ïðîøòîâõóþ÷è ¿¿ âñóïåðå÷ “Äçåðêàëó òèæíÿ” êîðåñïîíäåíò ÂÂÑ Ñâ³òëàíà Ïèðêàëî íàðîäíîìó âîëåâèÿâëåííþ ³ íàãí³òàþ÷è íàñòð³é ñêàçàëà: “ßêáè çíàòòÿ, ÷èì óñå çàê³í÷èòüñÿ, ÿ á óæå ñîëîäêîãîëîñèìè êîáçîí³âñüêèìè íàòÿêàìè íà ñüîãîäí³ ïèñàëà ïðî ðåâîëþö³þ”. Òàê îò: ÿ âæå äî öüîãî ìîæëèâ³ñòü ãðîìàäÿíñüêî¿ â³éíè. Òîæ äàé, Áîæå, ìóäðîñò³ ãîòîâà- íàâ³òü áåç òîãî “çíàòòÿ”. ßê áè äàë³ íå ñêëàëîñÿ, é âèòðèâàëîñò³ Ìàéäàíîâ³ ³ âðîçóìè òèõ, õòî ïðå ïðîòè ÿ äÿêóþ äîë³ çà òå, ùî ïî÷óëà é ïîáà÷èëà, ÿê ñêàíäóº Ìàéäàíó. Ìàéäàí ãàñëà, ÿê äèðèãóº òèñÿ÷îãîëîñèì õîðîì Ìåíå çàïèòóþòü íåð³äêî, ÷è â³ä÷óâàþ ÿ ÿêóñü ïàñ³îíàðíèé Òàðàñ ×óáàé, ÿê Ìàéäàí ñï³âàâ Ã³ìí Óêðà¿íè àíàëîã³þ, ÿêóñü ñïîð³äíåí³ñòü ì³æ ñüîãîäí³øí³ìè (âèÿâëÿºòüñÿ, âñ³ çíàþòü ñëîâà!), ÿê äçâåíèòü ñð³áíèé ðàäîùàìè é òðèâîãàìè ³ äóõîì ðåíåñàíñó 60-õ ³ ãîëîñ çàñï³âóâà÷à Îëåêñàíäðà Ïîíîìàðüîâà, à þùåíÿòêà äèñèäåíñòâà 70-õ. Â³äïîâ³ì: òàê, â³ä÷óâàþ. ßñíà ð³÷, ³íø³ â ïîìàðàí÷åâèõ øàïî÷êàõ ïðèòèñêàþòü äî ñåðöÿ ñâî¿ ðó÷åíÿòà. Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 3 ª.Ì. Ð²×ÍÈÖß ÁÅÐÅÇÎËß

Ìîæëèâî, öå íå âèïàäîê, ùî îáèäâ³ ð³÷íèö³ Øåâ÷åíêîâ³ ïðèïàäàþòü ñàìå íà áåðåçåíü, ì³ñÿöü ïðîâåñíè, ì³ñÿöü ùîð³÷íîãî â³äðîäæåííÿ ïðèðîäè é æèòòÿ. Ìîæå â ö³ì º ñâîºð³äíèé ñèìâîë ³ îá³òíèöÿ. Â êîæíîìó ðàç³ äîáðå, ùî ö³ ð³÷íèö³ íå ïðèïàäàþòü íà ïîõìóðèé ëèñòîïàä, áåçíàä³éíèé ì³ñÿöü óìèðàííÿ, ùî íàãàäóº ïðî ñìåðòü ³ çàíèêàííÿ, à ó íàñ-ïîíàäòî- ïðî íàø³ ëèñòîïàäîâ³ òðàãåä³¿. Ïðàâäà, øåâ÷åíêîçíàâñòâî –â Êèºâ³, â äîá³ 1922- ² êîæåí ðàç, êîëè íàïðîâåñí³ ïðèãàäóºìî ïðî 1933 ð.ð. ³ çà îñòàííº ÷âåðòüñòîë³òòÿ ïîçà ìåæàìè Óêðà¿íè- íàðîäæåííÿ ³ ñêîí ò³º¿, áóäü-ùî-áóäü, âèíÿòêîâî¿ çàïî÷àòêóâàëî âåëèêó ïðàöþ íàä â³äíàéäåííÿì æèâîãî ëþäèíè, íå ëèøå â ë³òåðàòóð³ íàø³é, áî òàêîæ â íàø³é Øåâ÷åíêà. Àëå õî÷ ³ çðîáëåíî â öüîìó íàïðÿì³ áàãàòî, òó ³ñòîð³¿, â íàø³ì íàö³îíàëüí³ì áóòò³, â íàø³é äóõîâíîñò³,- âåëèêó ïðàöþ øåâ÷åíêîçíàâñòâî íàøå ëèøå çàïî÷àò- ïðèõîäèòü òà ñàìà äóìêà. Äóìêà ïðî òå, ùî ïîñòàòü êóâàëî. ² áàãàòî ïðè÷èí ñêëàëîñÿ íà òå, ùî ïðàöÿ òà Øåâ÷åíêà, ï³äëÿãàþ÷è –ùîäåñÿòèë³òòÿ, ùîï³âñòîë³òòÿ, ëèøå çàïî÷àòêîâàíà. ùîñòîë³òòÿ- íåóíèêíåííîìó ïðîöåñîâ³, ùî òàê ñêàæó, Ðîçóì³ºòüñÿ, â óÿâ³ ë³òåðàòóðîçíàâöÿ àáî áðîíçîâ³ííÿ (âëó÷íèé òåðì³í öåé ïîçè÷àºìî â³ä Òàäåÿ îñâ³÷åíîãî (ÿê öå íå äèâíî âèìîâèòè!) ïèñüìåííèêà, â Áîÿ-Æåëºíñüêîãî, â³äîìîãî ïîëüñü- óÿâ³ ³íòåëåêòóàë³ñòà Øåâ÷åíêî äàâíî êîãî ïèñüìåííèêà, ðîçñòð³ëÿíîãî â³ä³éøîâ â³ä òðàôàðåòó ³êîíîïèñíîãî í³ìöÿìè â ÷àñ³ â³éíè), ÷èì äàë³, òèì “áàòüêà Òàðàñà”. Òà âèñòà÷èòü çà÷åïèòè öþ âñå á³ëüøå çàñòèãàº, íåðóõîì³º, ðî- òåìó â ðîçìîâ³ ç ïåðåñ³÷íèì ò. çâ. áèòüñÿ ðàç íàçàâæäè êàíîí³çîâàíîþ ³íòåë³´åíòîì, ùîá ïåðåêîíàòèñÿ, ùî é êàíîí³÷íîþ. “áàòüêî Òàðàñ” –íà æàëü!- ùå æèâå, ³ òî Ïðàâäà, öå –äîëÿ âñ³õ âåëè- ãëèáîêî çàêîð³íåíî. Ïîòð³áíî âåëèêî¿ êèõ, äîëÿ êîæíî¿ Âåëè÷³ âçàãàë³. Î÷å- øåâ÷åíêîçíàâ÷î¿ ïîïóëÿðèçàö³éíî¿ ÷èí- âèäíî, áðîíçîâèìè º Øåêñï³ð ³ Áåòãî- íîñò³, ùîá öåé ïñèõ³÷íî çàêîí-ñåðâîâàíèé âåí, Öåçàð ³ Õìåëüíèöüêèé, Êîëóìá ³ îáðàç âèò³ñíèòè ç íåðóõîìî¿ ñâ³äîìîñò³ ³ Íüþòîí. Àëå ñàìå âåñíÿí³ñòü îáîõ ðîçáóäèòè óÿâó äî ñïðèéíÿòòÿ ÷îãîñü Øåâ÷åíêîâèõ ð³÷íèöü, ïðîðî÷î- çîâñ³ì-çîâñ³ì ³íøîãî. Íà öå ïîòð³áåí ÷àñ ³ ïåðåìîæíà ïðîâåñíà òèõ äàò ÿêîñü íå ïåâíèé ì³í³ìóì îáñòàâèí. Òà í³ òîãî, í³ òîãî äàþòü ïîãîäèòèñÿ ç òèì ïðîöåñîì ìè íå ìàºìî ³ íåâ³äîìî, êîëè ìàòèìåìî. çàêîíîì³ðíîãî “áðîíçîâ³ííÿ” ùîäî Òîìó ïîïóëÿðèçàö³þ õî÷à á äîòåïåð³øí³õ Øåâ÷åíêà, ÿêîñü í³áè ïðîòåñòóþòü íàñë³äê³â øåâ÷åíêîçíàâñòâà òðåáà óâàæàòè ïðîòè ò³º¿ “áðîíçè”, ïðîòè çàñòèãàííÿ çà íàéïåðøå çàâäàííÿ ïðè âñ³õ íàøèõ â³÷íî æèâî¿ ïîñòàò³ ³ â³÷íî æèâîãî òðàäèö³éíèõ ùîð³÷íèõ “îáðÿäàõ âøàíó- îáëè÷÷ÿ, ïðîòè âòèñêóâàííÿ éîãî â òó ñàìó êàíîí³÷íó âàííÿ”. Ö³ “îáðÿäè”, îòæå àêàäåì³¿, ìóñÿòü ðàç íàçàâæäè ôîðìó, â òîé ñàìèé ñèìâîë, ìàéæå çíàê. Ïëàñòè÷íà, ðîç³ðâàòè ç íåäîáðîþ òðàäèö³ºþ â ñâî¿õ ïðîãðàìàõ, ùî îïóêëà, “òðèâ³ì³ðíà” éîãî ïîñòàòü íå âäàºòüñÿ óïõàòè â ñêëàäàþòüñÿ çàâæäè ³ îáîâ’ÿçêîâî ç á³ëüø-ìåíø áîìáà- ÿê³-áóäü ðàìêè, ÿê³-áóäü øóõëÿäè, â ÿê³-áóäü òðóíè ñòè÷íîãî “ðåôåðàòó”, ñåðöåðâó÷èõ äåêëàìàö³é òà íå ìåíø ² â³êî òðóííå ñêèíåø òè, ³ êàì³íü ñåðöåðâó÷îãî “Ðåâå òà ñòîãíå” ó âèêîíàíí³ õîðó. Òðåáà Çàòèñíóòèìè ì³öíî ï’ÿñòóêàìè. âæå ñòàòè íà òó òî÷êó ïîãëÿäó, ùî öüîãî ðîäó ïðîãðàìè º Çà îô³ö³éíèìè æèòòºïèñàìè, çà áåçë³÷÷þ äàâíî ïåðåéäåíèé åòàï: ùî áóëî â ïîðÿäêó ðå÷åé çà ÷àñ³â ñòåðåîòèï³â (òîä³ ³ òîä³ â Ìîðèíöÿõ íàðîäèâñÿ ñèí êð³ïàêà “Ê³ºâñêîé ñòàðèíè”, òå ð³øó÷å íå íà ì³ñö³ ïî ðîö³ 1917, à ³ ò.ä. ³ ò. ï.), çà ðàç íàçàâæäè óñòàëåíèì êàíîíîì, ùî º òèì á³ëüøå â äîá³ aïîêàë³ïòè÷íîãî ðîçãîðíåííÿ íàøî¿ í³áè ÿêèìñü ðîçä³ëîì íàøèõ ë³òåðàòóðíèõ ×åòü¿-Ì³íåé, ³ñòîð³¿. ïîñòàòü Øåâ÷åíêà â³ääàâíà îáåðíóëàñÿ â ³ºðàðõ³÷íî- Áî ÿê íå ÿê, ìè æ òàêè çà îñòàíí³ ðîêè íàáëèçèëèñÿ ³êîíîïèñíèé ñèìâîë. Òàê â³çàíò³éñüêå ìàëÿðñòâî äî Øåâ÷åíêà òàê, ùî âèðàçíî áà÷èìî âñþ êðè÷óùó ìàëþâàëî êîëèñü îáðàçè ñâÿòèõ: òàêå, à íå ³íøå îáëè÷÷ÿ, áóòàôîðí³ñòü õî÷à á òàêèõ êîëèñü êàíîí³÷íèõ ³ íåäîòîðêàíèõ òàê³, à íå ³íø³ øàòè; ò³, à íå ³íø³ êîëüîðè ³ íàâ³òü óñòàëåí³ ñâÿòîù³â, ÿê “êîæóõ” ³ “øàïêà”. Æèâèé Øåâ÷åíêî äàâíî ç ôàëäè óáðàííÿ. íèõ âèð³ñ. Âîíè áóëè ëèøå ÷àñîâèìè øàòàìè òîãî Â³÷íîãî, Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 4 ùî º ³ çàëèøàºòüñÿ â Øåâ÷åíêîâ³, àëå ùî ìîæå ïðàâèòè çíà÷åííÿ íå ïîòðåáóºìî ïåðåêîíóâàòè ÷óæèíö³â õî÷à á òîìó, ëèøå çà îäèí ç áàãàòüîõ àñïåêò³â ìíîãîïëàíîâàíîãî ³ ùî òàêå ïåðåêîíóâàííÿ áóëî á íåäîö³ëüíå ³, ïðàâäîáîä³áíî, ìíîãîçâè÷íîãî ÿâèùà íàøî¿ ³ñòîð³¿. äàðåìíå. Æîäíîãî í³ìöÿ íå ïåðåêîíàºìî, ùî Áàéðîí áóâ Êîëè âæå ãîâîðèëîñÿ ïðî ä³àïàçîí Øåâ÷åíêîâî¿ á³ëüøèé çà ¥åòå, ³ íàâïàêè. Äëÿ êîæíîãî ïîëÿêà Ì³öêåâè÷, òâîð÷îñò³: â³ä “Ñàäêà âèøíåâîãî” äî “Êàâêàçó”, â³ä “Ïîãèáíåø, î÷åâèäíî, º á³ëüøèé çà ¥åòå ³ Áàéðîíà, à ïåâíî é çà Äàíòå, çãèíåø, Óêðà¿íî” äî “Ïîñòàâëþ õàòó ³ ê³ìíàòó”, â³ä Ãîíòè äî ðàçîì óçÿòèõ. Íàø³ çåìëÿêè, ïðèïóñò³ì, òàê ñïðàâè íå ñòàâëÿòü, Êàòåðèíè… Àëå íå ëèøå òåìàòèêà, òàêîæ ³ æàíð, ³ ôîðìè, ³ ìîæå ëèøå òîìó, ùî öå íå â íàøèõ çâè÷àÿõ ³ íå â³äïîâ³äàº íàâ³òü òîí. Äîñèòü ïîð³âíÿòè äåìîí³÷íèé ñàðêàçì “Ñíó” ÷è íàø³é ïñèõèö³. Àëå â ãëèáèí³ äóø³, íàâ³òü íåäîîö³íþþ÷è ïàòåòèêó “Ïîñëàí³ÿ” ç åï³ãðàìàòè÷íî-ëåãêîâàæíîþ (àëå â ò³é Øåâ÷åíêà, êîæåí óêðà¿íåöü çíàº, ÷èì äëÿ íàñ º Øåâ÷åíêî- ëåãêîâàæíîñò³ ïî-øåâ÷åíê³âñüêîìó ìóäðîþ) ïðèñâÿòîþ ïîåò ³ ÿêà ä³ðà ÷îðí³ëà á ó íàø³é äóõîâíîñò³ áåç íüîãî. ² òî “Âåëèêîìó÷åíèöå-êóìî”. íåçàëåæíî â³ä òîãî, ÿêó ïîíàä íàö³îíàëüíó âàðò³ñòü ìàº À äîäàéìî ùå ìàëÿðñòâî, ðèò³âí³öòâî –ïðè òîìó Øåâ÷åíêî ÿê ïîåò. íàñêð³çü ôàõîâå, àæ äî õåì³÷íèõ ðåöåïò³â âêëþ÷íî (ðåöåïò³â, Òà, ÿê âæå ñêàçàíî, Øåâ÷åíêî áóâ íå ëèøå ïîåòîì, ùî ùå íåäàâíî áóëè ñëàâí³ â Ïåòåðáóðçüê³é Àêàäåì³¿ Ìèñòåöòâ à é õóäîæíèêîì òà ãðàâåðîì, îòæå, òâîð÷³ñòü éîãî ïðîìîâëÿëà ÿê “øåâ÷åíê³âñüê³”), ð³çüáÿðñòâî (íà çàñëàíí³), ³ñòîðèêî- íå ëèøå ÷åðåç éîãî íàö³îíàëüíó ìîâó. ² ñïðàâä³, ìè âæå äîñë³äíèöüêà ïðàöÿ, ÷óäîâèé (çà â³ääàâíà ìàºìî ÷óæ³ ïðàö³ (íàâ³òü ñâ³äîöòâîì äóæå ìóçè÷íèõ ñó÷àñíèê³â) ìîíî´ðàô³¿) ïðî Øåâ÷åíêà-õóäîæ- ñï³â òà íåçð³âíÿíèé ÷àð ñï³âðîçìîâíèêà íèêà. ² øêîäà, ùî äîñ³ äîñë³äæåíà (ïðî ùî ìàºìî ñâ³äîöòâà ³ ó÷åíèõ, ³ éîãî ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ÿê ãðàâåðà, çíà÷íî àðòèñò³â)! Öå æ íå áóëà ëèøå á³ëüøà ³ ³ñòîðè÷íî çíà÷óùà, àí³æ öå “íàðîäíèöüêà” ìîäà, ùî Øåâ÷åíêî â äóìàþòü çåìëÿêè ïîåòà. êîëàõ ïåòåðáóðçüêî¿ åë³òè áóâ òàêèé Çàëèøàºòüñÿ ùå îñîáèñò³ñòü, “ìîäíèé”, ùî ë³òåðàòóðíî-ìèñòåöüê³ ÿê òàêà, íåçàëåæíî â³ä òîãî, ÿê ³ â ÷îìó ñàëîíè íàâïåðåéìè äîáèâàëèñÿ ìàòè âîíà ïðîÿâèëàñÿ. ×èì æå Øåâ÷åíêî éîãî ñâî¿ì ãîñòåì, ùî ïîâîðîò Øåâ÷åíêà áóâ ÿê îñîáèñò³ñòü? ç çàñëàííÿ áóâ ñâÿòêîâàíèé ó ðîäèí³ Øåâ÷åíêî áóâ äîñèòü Òîëñòèõ (ïðåçèäåíòà Àêàäåì³¿ Ìèñòåöòâ) íåñïîä³âàíèì ðîçêðèòòÿì îñîáîâîñò³ ÿê ñâÿòî “ðîäèííå”. Íå ëèøå æ íàðîäó, ùî çà âñ³ìà äîêàçàìè ÷óæèõ ðîçìîâàìè çà ÷àðêîþ áóëî íàïîâíåíå ³ ñâî¿õ ôàõ³âö³â, áóâ ðîêîâàíèé íà ïðèÿòåëþâàííÿ Øåâ÷åíêà ç íàøèì íàö³îíàëüíèé çàãèí, ÿê “íàö³ÿ ³ñòîðè÷- âåëèêèì ìàòåìàòèêîì Îñòðîãðàäñüêèì ÷è íà”. Îñîáèñò³ñòü Øåâ÷åíêà íàî÷íî é ç íàøèì âåëèêèì àêòîðîì Ùåïê³íèì; ïåðåêîíëèâî ïîêàçàëà, ùî: 1) î÷åâèäíî, ¿õ âçàºìèíè ìàëè ñâ³é “íå³ñòîðè÷íà” íàö³ÿ òàêè æèâå ³ ïðè íåâèïàäêîâèé ³ ãëèáøèé çì³ñò, ïåâíî òîìó æèâå ³ñòîðè÷íî, áî çàõîâóº á³ëüøèé çà ñàìå ïðèÿòåëüñòâî ÷è ³ñòîðè÷íó ïàì’ÿòü; 2) ùî óêðà¿íåöü íàö³îíàëüíó ñèìïàò³þ. Êîëè îñâ³÷åíà ³ ³íäèâ³äóàëüíî òàêè ìîæå áóòè äîáðå âèõîâàíà, à ïðè òîìó â³êîì âæå é îñîáèñò³ñòþ íà âåëèêó ì³ðó, ³ òî íå Òàðàñ Øåâ÷åíêî ñëóõàº êîáçàðñüêó ï³ñíþ. íå òàêà íà¿âíà –êíÿç³âíà Ðºïí³íà ïîòåíö³àëüíî ëèøå, à â ä³éñíîñò³. çàêîõóºòüñÿ ó â÷îðàøíüîìó êð³ïàêîâ³, õóä. - ²âàí Ä. Ïðèíöåâñüêèé Îáðàç ç’ÿâëåííÿ Øåâ÷åíêà çàêîõóºòüñÿ íå ç ïðèìõè ÷è ç íàñòðîþ, à ñâ³äîìî, ãëèáîêî é ³ ãëèáèííèé ³ñòîðè÷íèé ñåíñ öüîãî ç’ÿâëåííÿ áóëè òàê ñèëüíî, òî íà öå òåæ áóëè ÿê³ñü ïîâàæí³ø³ ïðè÷èíè, çâ’ÿçàí³ íåäâîçíà÷íî ÿñí³ é ïåðåêîíëèâ³, ùî òàêèé ÷óéíèé äóõîâíèé ïåðåäóñ³ì ç âíóòð³øí³ì áàãàòñòâîì îñîáèñòîñò³ Øåâ÷åíêà; ÿê òâîðåöü ðîñ³éñüêî¿ ³ìïåð³àë³ñòè÷íîîñò³, ÿê Áåë³íñüêèé, îäðàçó äîáðå çíàºìî, àí³ êðàñóíåì, àí³ äîí æóàíîì, àí³ ÿêèìîñü ïî÷àâ áèòè òðèâîãó, íàâ³òü âòðàòèâøè ïðè öüîìó ïî÷óòòÿ “³íòåðåñíèì ìóæ÷èíîþ” Øåâ÷åíêî í³êîëè íå áóâ, ñêîðøå åòè÷íî¿ é åñòåòè÷íî¿ ïðèñòîéíîñò³. Çàïàëàâøè â³äðàçó æ íàâïàêè. Ùîñü æå çíàéøëà â í³ì îäíà ç íàéïåðøèõ ïàíí “îñîáèñòîþ íåíàâèñòþ” (öå éîãî âëàñí³ ñëîâà), â³í íå ëèøå ³ìïåðñüêî¿ åë³òè! ² êîëè öåé, òàê â ñâ³é ÷àñ âèñì³ÿíèé ³ íå êðèâñÿ ç íåþ, à é íàêèäàâ ¿¿ ³íøèì òà , áóâøè “ë³áåðàëîì” çíåâàæåíèé Áºë³íñüêèì “ìàëîðîñ” ëåãêî ³ ïðîñòî ãîâîðèòü ³ í³áè “çàïàäíèêîì”, ï³äêàçóâàâ ïåòåðáóðçüêîìó óðÿäó, ÿêó ïðî ìîëîäîãî Ë. Òîëñòîãî, ÷è “ñì³º” âèäàâàòè íèù³âíèé âèðîê ñàìå êàðó çàñòîñóâàòè äî Øåâ÷åíêà: çàñëàííÿ, òâîð÷à ñìåðòü. íà ìîäíîãî êóìèðà ðîñ³éñüêîãî ñóñï³ëüñòâà òà ùå é “ë³áåðàëà”, Ç’ÿâëåííÿ Øåâ÷åíêà –äëÿ øèðîêîãî çàãàëó, òà ùå é “íàðîäíèêà” Íåêðàñîâà, âñóïåðå÷ îäíîñòàéí³é ïåðåäóñ³ì ÷óæèíåöüêîãî- àâòîìàòè÷íî ðîçðèâàëî ñóñï³ëüí³é îï³í³¿, òî öå òàêîæ êèäàº íàì ïåâíå ñâ³òëî íà öþ çàíåïàäíèöüêèé òÿã ³ñòîðè÷íîãî óêðà¿íñüêîãî ïðîöåñó. ïîñòàòü, ïîñòàòü í³áèòî “ñåëÿíñüêîãî” ëèøå ïîåòà, Ë³òåðàòóðîçíàâåöü, êîëè â³í ñóìë³ííî çâàæèòü òó äîáó, ìóñèòü “ïðîâ³íö³àëà” òà ùå é êð³ïàêà ç ïîõîäæåííÿ, òà ùå é ñèíà çãîäèòèñÿ ç òèì, ùî ñàì Êîòëÿðåâñüêèé íàøî¿ ³ñòîð³¿ â ò³é íàðîäó, îñì³ÿíîãî ³ çàñóäæåíîãî íà íåáóòòÿ. Íå äèâíî, ùî êðèòè÷í³é äîá³ íå âðÿòóâàâ áè. Éîãî “ïåðåëèöüîâàíà Åíå¿äà” àâòîð òâîðó “ãðàº, ãðàº, âîðîïàº” -². Òóðãåíºâ, ÿêèé, ÿê â³äîìî, òà íàâ³òü “Íàòàëêà-Ïîëòàâêà” ïðåêðàñíî ç³ìêíóëèñÿ á ç óêðà¿íîô³ëüñòâîì íå ãð³øèâ, ³ òîé, õàðàêòåðèçóþ÷è Øåâ÷åíêà, “êëàñèöèçìîì” òà “³íòåðìåä³ÿìè” âæå çãàñëî¿ Êèºâî- óæèâ äî íüîãî îêðåñëåííÿ “êîçàê” â çíà÷åíí³ ïðèáëèçíî Ìîãèëÿíñüêî¿ äîáè, ³ êðàïêà áóëà á ïîñòàâëåíà. òàêîìó (³ñòîðè÷íîìó), ÿê öå ñëîâî ðîçóì³â ñàì Øåâ÷åíêî. Â ç’ÿâëåíí³ Øåâ÷åíêà áóâ âèáóõ, ìîæå íå òàêèé ×èì æå, ê³íåöü-ê³íö³â, áóâ Øåâ÷åíêî, æèâèé Øåâ÷åíêî? ßê êîæåí òàêîãî ðîäó ïîåò, â³í ìàº äëÿ íàñ âóëêàí³÷íèé ÷è ãàðìàòíèé, ÿê òîé, ÿêèì âèáóõàþòü áåðåçíåâ³ îñîáëèâå íàö³îíàëüíå çíà÷åííÿ. Ïðî öþ âàðò³ñòü ³ ïðî öå áðóíüêè, ñòâåðäæóþ÷è ùå ³ ùå ðàç, ùî çà ïðîâåñíîþ éäå âåñíà, ³ áóäå ë³òî. Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 5 ËÈÖÀÐI ÄÓÕÓ ÓÊÐÀ¡ÍÑÜÊÎÃÎ

Ë. Àíòîíþê-Ñë³äç³íñüêà ÍÀ Ì. Êðåìåíåöü. ÁÀÒÜÊ²ÂÙÈÍÓ ÏÎÂÅÐÍÓÑÜ…

Ìèíóëî 60 ðîê³â â³äòîä³, ÿê ðîçëó÷èâñÿ ç ð³äíèì ñåëîì, ç ðîäèíîþ, ç ìàò³íêîþ Óêðà¿íîþ â³äîìèé ñüîãîäí³ íàéá³ëüøå âîëèíÿíàì. ß âñòèãëà çàïèñàòè ðîçïîâ³äü ó ñâ³ò³ ãðîìàäñüêèé, ïîë³òè÷íèé, íàóêîâèé, öåðêîâíèé Ìèõàéëà Øàéäè ïðî éîãî ðîäèíó, ïðî ìîëîäøèõ áðàò³â ä³ÿ÷ ÏÈËÈÏ ØÀÉÄÀ. Ïèëèïà òà ²âàíà. Íåçâàæàþ÷è íà ñâ³é 90-ë³òí³é â³ê, “ßê áóäåø ñâ³é íàðîä ëþáèòè, òî â éîãî ïàì’ÿò³ Ìèõàéëî Øàéäà ìàâ ñâ³òëó ïàì’ÿòü, ãëèáîêèé ðîçóì, à áóäåø æèòè” -÷èòàþ òàêó ïðèïîâ³äêó â êíèç³ “Â³êè ùî âæå ìîâëåííÿ éîãî - ÷èñòî íàðîäíå, ïåðåñèïàíå ãîðÿòü”, ùî ¿¿ ùå â 1973 ð. óïîðÿäêóâàâ Ïèëèï Øàéäà. âîëèíñüêîþ ãîâ³ðêîþ, ñëîâà ëèëèñÿ ç éîãî óñò ³ ² äóìàþ: ñê³ëüêè æ âîãíþ òðåáà ìàòè â ñåðö³, ùîá â³í æåáîí³ëè, íåìîâ ñïîê³éíà âîäà ïîì³æ â³äøë³ôîâàíèì ñò³ëüêè ðîê³â ãîð³â, íå çãàñàþ÷è í³ íà ìèòü, ïàëàõêîò³â ³ êàì³ííÿì ó òèõîïëèíí³é ð³÷ö³ Ãîðèí³. Ùîá ïîò³øèòèñÿ çàïàëþâàâ ³íø³ ñåðöÿ ò³ºþ ïëîìåí³þ÷îþ ëþáîâ’þ äî íàøîþ ÷óäîâîþ ãîâ³ðêîþ òà ïîñëóõàòè ìóäð³ñòü ð³äíîãî êðàþ, äî îò÷îãî äîìó, äî íàðîäó ñâîãî íàðîäíó, ìè òåïåð ÷àñ â³ä ÷àñó âìèêàºìî â “Ïðîñâ³ò³” áåçòàëàííîãî. Áî äå ùå íà ñâ³ò³ º áàãàòøà çåìëÿ ³ ìàãí³òîôîííèé çàïèñ áåñ³äè ç Ìèõàéëîì Øàéäîþ ³ íåùàñëèâ³øèé ëþä?! ìèëóºìîñÿ òèì, ùî òàê ð³äêî ÷óºìî ñüîãîäí³ ó ìîâëåíí³ Ç äàâíüîãî â³êó ³ äî ñüîãîäí³øíüîãî äíÿ ì³æ ëþäüìè. Ñâ³òëî¿ ïàì’ÿò³ Ì. Øàéäà ðîçïîâ³â ìåí³ äîáðîä³é Ïèëèï Øàéäà ñëóæèòü Óêðà¿í³ ³ ä³ëîì, ³ ñëîâîì, ïðî äèòÿ÷³ òà þíàöüê³ ðîêè áðàòà Ïèëèïà, ïðî òå, ùî ³ âñ³ì ñåðöåì ñâî¿ì. â³í ïîíàä óñå â ñâ³ò³ ëþáèâ êíèãè ³ ç íèìè íå ðîçëó÷àâñÿ Ôàøèñòñüêà îêóïàö³ÿ âèãíàëà éîãî ç ð³äíîãî â þíîñò³, áóâ àêòèâíèì ïðîñâ³òÿíèíîì ó ð³äíîìó ñåë³ äîìó, à ðàäÿíñüêà ùå æàõëèâ³øà ä³éñí³ñòü íå äàëà éîìó Ãîðèíêà â 30-õ ðîêàõ ÕÕ ñò. Ðÿòóþ÷èñü â³ä àðåøòó, Ïèëèï çìîãó ïîâåðíóòèñÿ äî îò÷îãî êðàþ ³ æèòè ç³ ñâî¿ì òà ²âàí Øàéäè âòåêëè ç-ï³ä ðóê âëàñ³âö³â, ¿õ íàðîäîì íà ð³äí³é çåìë³. À õòî íå áóâ ó ðîçëóö³ ç ïåðåñë³äóâàëè çà ïðèíàëåæí³ñòü äî Îðãàí³çàö³¿ Áàòüê³âùèíîþ, òîé íå çíàº, ÿê âàæêî æèòè íà ÷óæèí³… Óêðà¿íñüêèõ Íàö³îíàë³ñò³â. Çààðåøòóâàëè ñòàðøîãî áðàòà Ïðî âñå öå ç áîëåì ó ñåðö³ ³ ç ãëèáîêîþ òóãîþ îïîâ³äàº Ìèõàéëà- öå áóëî ñàìå íà Àíäð³ÿ 1943 ð. –15 ä³á íàø äîðîãèé êðàÿíèí ó çá³ðêàõ ïîåç³é “Òóãà çà êàòóâàëè ïî-ñàäèñòñüêè, çà áðàò³â ìó÷èëè, âèìàãàëè Áàòüê³âùèíîþ” (1997 ð.) ³ “Ëþáîâ äî Óêðà¿íè” (2003 ç³çíàòèñÿ, äå âîíè. Í³÷îãî íå ñêàçàâ; ìóæíüî ïåðåí³ñ ð.). çíóùàííÿ ç áîêó òèõ, õòî çðàäèâ ñâî¿õ ³ ðåâíî ñëóæèâ Íàðîäèâñü ³ âèðîñòàâ ïàí Ïèëèï Øàéäà íà ÷óæèíöÿì… íàø³é êâ³òó÷³é Âîëèí³ â ñ. Ãîðèíêà, êîëèøíüîãî À áðàòè òèì ÷àñîì íåëåãàëüíî ïåðåéøëè Êðåì’ÿíåöüêîãî ïîâ³òó. Òóò ó ïðåêðàñí³é õë³áîðîáñüê³é êîðäîí é îïèíèëèñÿ äàëåêî â³ä ð³äíîãî êðàþ, òàì (ó ðîäèí³ ìèíóëè éîãî äèòÿ÷³ òà þíàöüê³ ðîêè, òóò õîäèâ ÑØÀ) ³ æèâóòü äî ñüîãîäí³. äî øêîëè, òóò ñòàâ àêòèâíèì ÷ëåíîì “Ïðîñâ³òè”, áî æ Õî÷ ³ç òîãî òðèâîæíîãî ÷àñó ñïëèâëî âæå ø³ñòü ïîíàä óñå â ñâ³ò³ ëþáèâ êíèãó ³ ç âåëèêèì øàíóâàííÿì äåñÿòê³â ðîê³â, à ÷óæà çåìëÿ ïðèéíÿëà ¿õ ÿê ð³äíèõ ä³òåé ñòàâèâñÿ äî íàðîäíî¿ ìóäðîñò³. ³ ñòàëà äðóãîþ Áàòüê³âùèíîþ, àëå òóãà çà îò÷èì êðàºì ß ìàëà ùàñòÿ â³äâ³äàòè áàòüê³âñüêó îñåëþ Ïèëèïà íå ïîëèøàº ¿õ äî ñüîãîäí³. Øàéäè â ñåë³ Ãîðèíêà, ùî íåïîäàë³ê Êðåìåíöÿ, çàñòàòè Äàëåêî â³ä ð³äíîãî äîìó, ó ÑØÀ ïàí Ïèëèï ñåðåä æèâèõ éîãî ð³äíîãî ñòàðøîãî áðàòà Ìèõàéëà, íå Øàéäà ñòàº ùå àêòèâí³øèì áîðöåì çà âîëþ Óêðà¿íè, ç ðàç ñï³ëêóâàëàñÿ ç íèì ³ éîãî ïðåêðàñíîþ äðóæèíîþ ãîëîâîþ ïîðèíàº â ãðîìàäñüêó ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ³ ðàçîì ç Ìàð³ºþ. Ö³ ëþäè çàëèøèëè â ìî¿é ïàì’ÿò³ íåçàáóòíº òàêèìè íàøèìè ñï³ââ³ò÷èçíèêàìè, ÿê Î. Ãðàíîâñüêèé òà âðàæåííÿ â³ä äîáðà ³ ùèðîñò³, ÿê³ âëàñòèâ³, ìàáóòü, À. Ñåìåíþê, âèáîðþþòü íàøó íåçàëåæí³ñòü, äåðæàâí³ñòü Óêðà¿íè. Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 6 ËÈÖÀÐI ÄÓÕÓ ÓÊÐÀ¡ÍÑÜÊÎÃÎ

Êð³ì òîãî, Ïèëèï Øàéäà íà ÷óæèí³ äîêëàäàº ÷èìàëî çóñèëü â ãàëóç³ êóëüòóðíîãî ðîçâîþ ð³äíîãî íàðîäó, â³í àêòèâíî çáèðàº, çàïèñóº âåëè÷åçí³ ñêàðáè íàðîäíî¿ òâîð÷îñò³, ö³ ïåðëèíè íàðîäíî¿ ìóäðîñò³, ÿê³ íàø íàðîä ñòâîðþâàâ óïðîäîâæ â³ê³â. “Ç ñàìîãî ìàëå÷êó ÿ ÷óâ íà Âîëèí³,-çãàäóº Ïèëèï Øàéäà,- áàãàòî ïðèïîâ³äîê, ÿê³ ÷àñòî óæèâàëèñÿ â øèðîêèõ ìàñàõ íàøîãî íàñåëåííÿ. Âîíè ðîáèëè íà ìåíå ãëèáîêå âðàæåííÿ ñâîºþ îðèã³íàëüí³ñòþ, íåìîâáè íàðîäíà øêîëà, íàäàþ÷è íàïðÿì, íåïîì³òíî ñïðÿìîâóþ÷è ðîçáóäîâó åòè÷íî-ìîðàëüíîãî òà íàö³îíàëüíîãî õàðàêòåðó ëþäèíè, ÿê îñîáè, òàê ³ ñóñï³ëüñòâà, ÿêå ïðèðîäíî ðîâèâàºòüñÿ â íàö³þ, ÿêà, íà æàëü, â íàøîìó âèïàäêó ³ äî ñüîãîäí³ º â ñòàí³ áîðîòüáè çà ñâîþ íàö³îíàëüíó ã³äí³ñòü ³ âîëþ”. Äóæå àêòóàëüíîþ º öÿ äóìêà ³ ñüîãîäí³ â íåçàëåæí³é äåðæàâ³. Âåñü åô³ð çàïîëîíèëî ÷óæå ìîâëåííÿ, ð³äíå ñëîâî ó ð³äí³é äåðæàâ³ ð³äêî ïî÷óºø… À ïðèñëóõàéòåñÿ äî ìîâëåííÿ íàéâèùèõ äåðæàâíèõ Ó 1997 ð. â ì. Ñåéíò Ïîë, øòàò Ì³ííåñîòà, ñâ³ò ä³ÿ÷³â… À ÿêà ìîâà ïàíóº â ñòîëüíîìó ãðàä³? Â ñåðö³ ïîáà÷èëà çá³ðêà ïîåç³é Ïèëèïà Øàéäè “Òóãà çà íàøî¿ Â³ò÷èçíè?! Áàòüê³âùèíîþ”, ÿêà ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî íåàáèÿêèé òàëàíò ¿¿ Óêðà¿íñüêèé íàðîä ñòâîðèâ íåçð³âíÿíí³ ñêàðáè àâòîðà. Êîæåí â³ðø çá³ðêè – öå ìóçèêà ñåðöÿ, öå ï³ñíÿ íàðîäíî¿ ìóäðîñò³, ÷óäîâ³ â ñâî¿é êðàñ³ íàðîäí³ ï³ñí³ é äóø³. Öå íå îäíà ñòîð³íêà ³ñòîð³¿ íàøîãî íàðîäó, ùî äóìè, ïðèñë³â’ÿ é ïðèêàçêè, ïðèïîâ³äêè é ïîãîâ³ðêè, ÿê³ îæèâàº ç-ï³ä ïåðà àâòîðà ³ äîíîñèòü íàì ñâîþ â³÷íó âëó÷íî é ÿñêðàâî â³ääçåðêàëþþòü ð³çíîìàí³òí³ ÿâèùà ëþáîâ äî îò÷îãî êðàþ, ñâîþ áåçäîííó òóãó çà ñóñï³ëüíîãî æèòòÿ. Íàðîäíà ìóäð³ñòü- öå òå ºâøàí-ç³ëëÿ, Áàòüê³âùèíîþ. Â í³é –óñå ñîêðîâåííå, â³÷íå, äîðîãå é ÿêå ñêð³ïëþº íàø äóõ, çì³öíþº íàø³ ñèëè, æèâèòü äóìêó ñâÿòå. é ïî÷óâàííÿ. Òîæ íàâ÷àéìîñÿ ò³º¿ ìóäðîñò³ ó ñâîãî Íåùîäàâíî ïðîñâ³òÿíèí Êðåì’ÿíå÷÷èíè, ï. Ïè- íàðîäó!!! ëèï Øàéäà ïîðàäóâàâ ³ ïðèºìíî çäèâóâàâ, íàä³ñëàâøè Â 1973 ð. äîáðîä³é Ïèëèï Øàéäà âèäàâ çà äî “Ïðîñâ³òè” íîâå âèäàííÿ –êíèãó “Ëþáîâ äî Óêðà¿íè, âëàñíèé êîøò êíèãó “Â³êè ãîâîðÿòü”, â ÿê³é òèñÿ÷à çá³ðêà ïîåç³é òà ³íøå”, Ñåéíò Ïîë, Ì³ííåñîòà, 2003 ð. ïðèïîâ³äîê, ùî çáèðàâ âïðîäîâæ äåê³ëüêîõ ðîê³â, “Íåëåãêà áóëà öÿ ïðàöÿ íà ñõèë³ â³êó, àëå ç Áîæîþ ïðèãàäóþ÷è ç ïàì’ÿò³ àáî çàïèñóþ÷è ç âóñò ñâî¿õ äîïîìîãîþ óñ³ òðóäíîù³ ïåðåáîðîâ”,-ïèøå ó ï³ñëÿìîâ³ ñï³âáåñ³äíèê³â. Îëåêñàíäð Íåïðèöüêèé-Ãðàíîâñüêèé, àâòîð. â³äîìèé óêðà¿íñüêèé â÷åíèé ³ ïîåò, ïðîôåñîð ó ÑØÀ, “Íà Óêðà¿íó ïîâåðíóñü”- ïåðåäìîâà äî êíèãè ðàäî â³òàâ ïîÿâó öüîãî âèäàííÿ é ó âñòóïíîìó ñëîâ³ äî “Ëþáîâ äî Óêðà¿íè”, ¿¿ àâòîð-â³äîìèé ³ñòîðèê, íàó- êíèãè äàâ ¿é âèñîêó îö³íêó: “Çá³ðíèê ïðèïîâ³äîê òà êîâåöü, àðõ³â³ñò ³ç ì. Ëóöüêà, äîáðîä³é Âîëîäèìèð Ðîæêî, ïðèêàçîê ìîæíà ïîð³âíÿòè äî íàñò³ëüíî¿ êíèæêè êàæå: “Ïèëèï Øàéäà… Õòî íà ³ñòîðè÷í³é Âîëèí³ íå çíàº àôîðèçì³â óñíî¿ íàðîäíî¿ òâîð÷îñò³ äëÿ ëþäñüêî¿ öüîãî ³ìåí³, õòî ÷èòàº ïåð³îäèêó, çàéìàºòüñÿ íàóêîâèìè ìîðàë³, íàïðÿìó, îñîáèñòî¿ ã³äíîñò³; áàæàíîãî äîñë³äæåííÿìè, íàâ÷àºòüñÿ, áóäóº óêðà¿íñüêèé õðàì, ïîâîäæåííÿ òà ïðàêòè÷íîãî äîñâ³äó, â³÷íî¿ ïðàâäè, øóêàº óêðà¿íñüêó êíèæêó-òàì ïðàö³âíèé çáèðà÷ ³äåéíîñò³, êðàñè òà ñàìîâèõîâàííÿ… Öå â³÷íå äæåðåëî ôîëüêëîðó, ïîåò, íàóêîâåöü, âåëèêèé æåðòâîäàâåöü – íàðîäíî¿ ìóäðîñò³, ëþäñüêîãî äóõà ³ êóëüòóðè”. âîëèíÿíèí Ïèëèï Øàéäà”. Ïðîäîâæóþ÷è äàë³ àêòèâíî ïðàöþâàòè â ãàëóç³ Êíèãà “Ëþáîâ äî Óêðà¿íè”(2003 ð.)- öå íå ò³ëüêè ðîçâîþ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ íàö³îíàëüíî¿ êóëüòóðè, ïàí Ïèëèï çðàçêè íåçãàñëî¿, â³ðíî¿ ³ ùèðî¿ ëþáîâ³ àâòîðà äî Øàéäà ó 1978 ð. äðóêóº íàñòóïíó êíèãó “Ç íàðîäíî¿ áàòüê³âñüêî¿ çåìë³, äî ð³äíîãî êðàþ, çðàçêè â³÷íî òâîð÷îñò³ Âîëèí³”, â ÿê³é óì³ùåí³ 150 óêðà¿íñüêèõ ïëîìåí³þ÷îãî âîãíþ âåëèêî¿ ïîåòè÷íî¿ äóø³; öå é íàðîäíèõ ï³ñåíü òà òèñÿ÷à ïðèïîâ³äîê. äîðîãîö³íí³ äîêóìåíòè, ÿê³ ñâ³ä÷àòü ïðî òèòàí³÷íó ïðàöþ Ó 1989 ð. âèéøëà ó ñâ³ò ùå îäíà ïðàöÿ Ï. Øàéäè âåëèêîãî ïàòð³îòà Óêðà¿íè íà íèâ³ â³äðîäæåííÿ –”Òîðáà ñì³õó ³ ì³øîê ðåãîòó”. “Ëþáëþ ñëóõàòè æàðòè ³ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ äåðæàâíîñò³ òà íàö³îíàëüíî¿ äóõîâíîñò³. ñàì ëþáëþ æàðòóâàòè,-ïèøå àâòîð ó ëèñò³ äî æóðíàë³ñòà Òóò ãðàìîòè, áëàãîñëîâåíí³ ãðàìîòè, äèïëîìè, Ò. Áàëèöüêî¿.-Ïî÷óâ õîðîøèé æàðò-çàïèñàâ. Ñïëèâëè ïîñâ³äêè, â³äãóêè, ïîñâ³ä÷åííÿ, óïîâíîâàæåííÿ, ïîäÿêè, ðîêè, ³ ç³áðàâ òèñÿ÷ó æàðò³â. Íåëåãêà áóëà öÿ ïðàöÿ, àëå ïîâ³äîìëåííÿ, ïîñâÿòè, ëèñòè, ñòàòò³ ç ð³çíèõ âèäàíü òà æ ñâîºþ íàïîëåãëèâ³ñòþ, âïåðò³ñòþ óñå âäàëîñÿ ãàçåò, ÿê³ ñâ³ä÷àòü ïðî òèòàí³÷íó ïðàöþ äîáðîä³ÿ çàô³êñóâàòè”.

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 7 ËÈÖÀÐI ÄÓÕÓ ÓÊÐÀ¡ÍÑÜÊÎÃÎ

ëèñòîì-ïîäÿêîþ ïàíîâ³ Ïèëèïîâ³ â³ä ðåêòîðà Êèºâî- Ìîãèëÿíñüêî¿ Àêàäåì³¿, ïðåçèäåíòà ÍàÓÊÌÀ, äàòî- âàíèì 1 ñ³÷íÿ 2001 ð. “ß âïåâíåíèé, ùî íàñòàº íîâà åïîõà â æèòò³ Ïèëèïà Øàéäè ³ âåëèêó âäÿ÷í³ñòü â³ä ëþäåé, ÿêèì Óêðà¿íè. ×îðíèõ ñòîë³òü ó ¿¿ ³ñòîð¿¿ íå áðàêóâàëî. Ìîðå äîïîì³ã öåé äèâíèé ³ ïðåêðàñíèé ÷îëîâ³ê. àæ ç÷îðí³ëî¿ êðîâ³ ïîòåêëî ¿¿ ð³êàìè, îïîâèòèìè Êíèãà “Ëþáîâ äî Óêðà¿íè” ³ëþñòðîâàíà ÷îðíîëîçàìè. Ðîäþ÷à óêðà¿íñüêà ÷îðíîçåìëÿ âæå ö³êàâèìè ñâ³òëèíàìè, ñåðåä ÿêèõ ÿ çíàõîäæó ôîòî íå ìàº ñèë ïðèéìàòè â ñâîº ëîíî ç÷îðí³ëèõ â³ä ãîðÿ 2000 ð. Àíòîíà Ñåìåíþêà- ëþäèíè, êîòðà º ãîðä³ñòþ ³ íåâèííî óá³ºííèõ. ×îðíîãîðè íàø³ çàòâåðäëè â òóç³. íàøî¿ Âîëèí³, àêòèâíîãî êîëèñü ÷ëåíà “Ïðîñâ³òè” ó Ïîð³ä³ëå ÷îðíîë³ññÿ ç³òõàº òîð³øí³ì ïàäîëèñòîì. ² â³ä 30-õ ðîêàõ ó ñ. Áåðåæö³, íå ìåíø àêòèâíîãî ³ ï³çí³øå òîãî ç³òõàííÿ ïîòóæíèé â³òðîãîí æåíå áåçìåæíèì äåðæàâîòâîðöÿ ³ áóä³âíè÷îãî íàøîãî íàö³îíàëüíîãî ÷îðíîòðîïîì äî ñàìîãî ×îðíîãî ìîðÿ ÷îðíó ÷îðíî- äóõó, ÿêèé äîêëàäàâ ³ äîêëàäàº ÷èìàëî çóñèëü, àáè áèëüñüêó òóãó, íåìîâ ïðèðå÷åíîãî ÷îðíîêðèëüöÿ éîãî ð³äíà çåìëÿ ðîçöâ³òàëà, çáàãà÷óâàëàñü, êð³ïèëàñÿ ïëàçîì - íàä ïîæóõëèìè ÷îðíîáðèâöÿìè… Àëå â³÷íèé ³ ìóæí³ëà. ÷îðíîêíèæíèê, êîòðèé ïèøå ³ñòîð³þ, âæå ïåðåãîðòàº Íå ìîæó áåç ùåìó ³ òðåïåòó â ñåðö³ ÷èòàòè öþ òÿæêó äëÿ íàøîãî íàðîäó ñòîð³íêó… ïîåç³¿ íîâî¿ çá³ðêè Ïèëèïà Øàéäè “Ëþáîâ äî Íèí³ ñõîäèòü ñîíöå íåçàëåæíîñò³. ² ï³ä éîãî Óêðà¿íè”. Àâòîð íåíà÷å áåðå íàñ çà ðóêó ³ ïðîâîäèòü æèòòºäàéíèì òåïëîì âèñâ³òëþþòüñÿ â Óêðà¿í³ âæå ³íø³ ðàçîì ç³ ñâî¿ìè ñïîãàäàìè ñòåæêàìè ñâîãî äèòèíñòâà, âåñåë³ êîëüîðè… Âæå ð³ê ïðàöþº ïåðøèé ñïðàâä³ òåðíèñòèìè äîðîãàìè çàêîðäîííÿ. óêðà¿íñüêèé óðÿä –óðÿä Â³êòîðà Þùåíêà. ² öåé óðÿä, ß òåáå ïîêèíóâ, ìîÿ Áàòüê³âùèíî, ïîïðè øàëåíèé íàñòóï íà íüîãî àíòèóêðà¿íñüêèõ ñèë, Ëåëå ìîÿ ð³äíà, äîëå ìîÿ á³äíà. äîâ³â, ùî ìè ìàºìî ìîãóòí³é ïîòåíö³àë ³ ùî êðèçó ìè ß òåáå ïîêèíóâ, ìîÿ ð³äíà ìîâî, ìîæåìî çäîëàòè âæå ó áëèæ÷³ ðîêè…” Ì³é ñêàðá íàéäîðîæ÷èé, æèâå ñâÿòå ñëîâî! Âàæêî ÷èòàòè òàê³ äóìêè ñüîãîäí³, àëå íàä³ÿ ß òåáå ïîêèíóâ, ì³é ëþä âàæíîã³äíèé, âìèðàº îñòàííüîþ… ² òàêîæ ïîêèíóâ ïîð³ã ñâÿòèé ð³äíèé! Äîðîãèé íàø äðóã Ïèëèï Øàéäà íå ìîæå Ñåëî ÿ ïîêèíóâ, äå â í³ì íàðîäèâñÿ, ðîçïðîùàòèñÿ ³ç ìð³ºþ ïîâåðíóòèñÿ äî îò÷îãî êðàþ. Ñòàðóþ öåðêîâöþ, ùî â í³é ÿ õðåñòèâñÿ. Òàê, â³í ïîâåðíóâñÿ â ð³äíó Óêðà¿íó, ïîâåðíóâñÿ ñâî¿ìè ñâÿòèìè ä³ëàìè, òèòàí³÷íîþ ïðàöåþ. Òîæ ò³ëüêè Õî÷ àìåðèêàíñüêà çåìëÿ, øòàò Ì³ííåñîòà, Êðåì’ÿíåöüê³é “Ïðîñâ³ò³” â³í íàä³ñëàâ 40 òèñÿ÷ íîìåð³â ñòàëà àâòîðîâ³ öèõ ðÿäê³â äîáðîþ äðóãîþ Â³ò÷èçíîþ, ð³äê³ñíèõ êíèã, æóðíàë³â, áðîøóð ³ ð³çíîìàí³òíèõ àëå ñâîþ ðîäèíó, äîðîãèõ ëþäåé, ð³äíó Óêðà¿íó íå ìîæå â³í çàáóòè: “Òÿæêî áóëî ìåí³ ñâ³é ä³ì çàëèøèòè, äîêóìåíò³â òà ³íøèõ ìàòåð³àë³â. À ìè, ùîá õî÷ ÷èìîñü ³òè â ñâ³ò çà î÷³ êðàùîãî øóêàòè”. â³ääÿ÷èòè ïàòð³îòîâ³, îôîðìèëè ó ñâ³òëèö³ “Ïðîñâ³òè” Ïîì³ðÿâøè ñâ³ò âåëèêèé, ö³ëèé â³ää³ë, ïðèñâÿ÷åíèé éîìó. Òàì ðîçì³ùåí³ êíèãè Äîðîãèé ì³é êðàþ, Ï.Øàéäè, âåëèêà ê³ëüê³ñòü äîêóìåíò³â, íàãîðîä, ÿê³ Ñåðöå ìîº çà òîáîþ ñâ³ä÷àòü ïðî òå, ÿê ³ç â³äðîäæåííÿì óêðà¿íñüêî¿ Êðîâ’þ îáï³êàº. íåçàëåæíîñò³ â³í ñàì àêòèâíî âêëþ÷èâñÿ ó äîïîìîãó Õî÷ òè â³ääàëþ äàëåêî, ð³äí³é çåìë³. Äî Êðåì’ÿíöÿ, Ëóöüêà, Êèºâà, Õàðêîâà, Òà áëèçüêî äóøåþ, Îäåñè, Îñòðîãà é ³íøèõ ì³ñò ùåäðèé æåðòâîäàâåöü Æèòòÿ ìîº òàê ïðîõîäèòü, íàäñèëàº êíèãè äî á³áë³îòåê, óí³âåðñèòåò³â, äóõîâíèõ Òóæèòü çà òîáîþ,- ïèøå àâòîð ó â³ðø³ “Ïðîùàííÿ” (2000 ð.). ñåì³íàð³é, äîïîìàãàº á³äíèì ñòóäåíòàì. Äàº âëàñí³ êîøòè íà áóä³âíèöòâî óêðà¿íñüêèõ õðàì³â. Äóæå õîò³ëîñÿ á ïîåòîâ³ ïîâåðíóòèñü äî Óñ³ äîêóìåíòè, ÿê³ ñâ³ä÷àòü ïðî äîáðî÷èíí³ñòü ð³äíîãî äîìó, ïðîéòèñÿ ëóãîì íà äîëèí³, ïîñëóõàòè ö³º¿ ïðåêðàñíî¿ Ëþäèíè, ðåâíî çáåð³ãàþòü ó Êðå- ñîëîâåéêà â ëóç³ íà êàëèí³, ïîá³ãàòè áîñîí³æ ì’ÿíåöüê³é “Ïðîñâ³ò³”. óòîïòàíèìè ïîëüîâèìè ñòåæêàìè, ïðîéòèñÿ íèâàìè À íàä åêñïîçèö³ºþ êðàñóºòüñÿ ïîðòðåò ìîëî- øèðîêèìè ñêð³çü ïîòîì ïîëèòèìè, ïîáóòè á³ëÿ ð³äíî¿ äîãî ùå êðàñåíÿ, þíîãî Ïèëèïà Øàéäè â îáðàì- õàòè, ïîäèâèòèñÿ íà òó ô³ãóðó (õðåñò) ó ð³äíîìó ñàäêó, ëåíí³ òðüîõ êàðòèíîê –Â³ðè, Íàä³¿, Ëþáîâ³, ÿê³ º íåíà÷å ùî ¿¿ ñåëÿíè çáóäóâàëè íà ñëàâó Áîæó ³ ñâÿòó, â³äâ³äàòè ïåðåãóêîì ç ðÿäêàìè ïîåç³é àâòîðà çá³ðêè “Ëþáîâ ñòàðó öåðêîâöþ, ïîö³ëóâàòè ñâÿòó óêðà¿íñüêó çåìëþ, äî Óêðà¿íè” –”Ìð³ÿ”: ïîêëîíèòèñÿ ìîãèëàì áàòüêà-ìàòåð³ òà óñ³º¿ ðîäèíè… ß íå ìîæó ðîçïðîùàòèñü, Çâåðòàþ óâàãó íà äðóãèé ðîçä³ë êíèãè – Äîðîãà òè ìîÿ ìð³º, äîêóìåíòè ³ ôîòîäîêóìåíòè… et cetera. Ïåðåãîðòàþ Ñâÿò³ ñëàâí³ ³ìåíà, ñòîð³íêó çà ñòîð³íêîþ ³ íå ìîæó íå çóïèíèòèñÿ íàä Â³ðà, Ëþáîâ ³ Íàä³ÿ. Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 8 Ì. Øàëàòà

ÏÀËÀËÀ ÇÀÄËß ÂÎË² ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÈ (Ïðî Ëåñþ Óêðà¿íêó)

Êîëè ãðîìàäñüê³ñòü â³äçíà÷àëà 10-ó ð³÷íèöþ ïàì’ÿò³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà, à ²âàíó Ôðàíêîâ³ éøîâ 15-é ð³ê ³ â³í óæå ïî÷èíàâ ïèñàòè, íàðîäèëàñÿ Ëàðèñà Êîñà÷-íåâäîâç³ çíàìåíèòà ïîåòåñà Ëåñÿ Óêðà¿íêà, òðåòº ñâ³òèëî óêðà¿íñüêî¿ äóõîâíîñò³. Ìàáóòü, òàêè ³ñíóº çàëåæí³ñòü äîë³ â³ä ðîçì³ùåííÿ ç³ðîê. Íå çíàþ, ïðîâ³ùàëè öå ãîðîñêîïè ÷è í³, àëå â 1871 ð. íàðîäèëîñÿ ö³ëå ñóç³ð’ÿ ìàéáóòí³õ ë³òåðàòóðíèõ, ìèñòåöüêèõ òàëàíò³â Óêðà¿íè: öå, êð³ì Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè, Âàñèëü Ñòåôàíèê, Ëåñü Ìàðòîâè÷, Àãàòàíãåë Êðèìñüêèé, Ìèêîëà Âîðîíèé, Âàñèëü Ùóðàò, Ñèëüâåñòð ßðè÷åâñüêèé, Âîëîäèìèð Ãíàòþê, Ô³ëàðåò Êîëåñà, ²âàí Ôèëèï÷àê. Ëåñåþ Óêðà¿íêîþ âîíà íàðåêëà ñåáå óæå ç ðîñ³éñüêî¿ óâ’ÿçíåíî¿”). Öþ òåçó áëèñêó÷å çàäåêëà- ïåðøîþ ñâîºþ ïóáë³êàö³ºþ-ç â³ðøåì “Êîíâàë³ÿ” ó ðóâàëà â ïîåç³¿ “Slavus- sclavus” (Ñëîâ’ÿíèí-ðàá”), à ëüâ³âñüê³é “Çîð³” 1884 ð. íàïðèê³íö³ æèòòÿ –â äðàìàòè÷í³é ïîåì³ “Áîÿðèíÿ”, À âçàãàë³ ïåðøèé â³ðø Ëåñÿ íàïèñàëà, êîëè êîòðà ó íàøîìó “íàéñïðàâåäëèâ³øîìó ñóñï³ëüñòâ³” ¿é áóëî äåñÿòü ðîê³â. Öå ì³í³àòþðà “Íàä³ÿ”, ùî ø³ñòäåñÿò ðîê³â íå äðóêóâàëàñÿ. ïî÷èíàëàñÿ é çàê³í÷óâàëàñÿ ðÿäêàìè: Ó “Áîÿðèí³” ïîêàçàíî äðàìó êîçàöüêîãî ñèíà Í³ äîë³, í³ âîë³ ó ìåíå íåìà, Ñòåïàíà, ùî ñòàâ ìîñêîâñüêèì áîÿðèíîì, ³ éîãî Çîñòàëàñÿ ò³ëüêè íàä³ÿ îäíà… äðóæèíè, êîçà÷êè Îêñàíè, à øèðøå- ³ñòîðè÷íó íåäîëþ Óêðà¿íè. Ñòåïàí³â áàòüêî áóâ ó÷àñíèêîì Ïåðåÿñëàâ- Òàê ç³ ñëîâàìè “âîëÿ” é “Óêðà¿íà” (“Óêðà¿íêà”) ñüêî¿ óãîäè, ï³ñëÿ ÿêî¿, çà ñëîâàìè îäíîãî ç ïåðñîíà- óâ³éøëà ïîåòåñà â ë³òåðàòóðó ³ âñå æèòòÿ âèñîêî íåñëà æ³â, “… ïðîñâ³òêó í³êîìó íå äàþòü ìîñêîâñüê³ ïîñ³ïàêè; ¿õ, ÿê íàéñâÿò³ø³ ³äåàëè –ñâî¿ ³ íàðîäí³. ² êîëè íèí³ íà âñå íàì â î÷³ ò³ºþ ïðèñÿãîþ òè÷óòü…” Ñòåïàí áà÷èòü ìàí³ôåñòàö³ÿõ íàðîä ëîçóíãóº: “Óêðà¿í³ -âîëþ!”, ó ò³ì íàðóãó íàä Óêðà¿íîþ, òåðïèòü íàñì³øêè íàä ìàò³ð’þ º é ãîëîñ Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè, ÿêà ñò³ëüêè çðîáèëà äëÿ òà äðóæèíîþ (“×åðêàøåíêè! Õîõëóø³!”), òà, íà â³äì³íó ï³äíåñåííÿ íàðîäíî¿ ñâ³äîìîñò³. â³ä Îêñàíè, íå ïðîòåñòóº- íàâïàêè: â³ðíîþ ñëóæáîþ “Ìåí³ ñîðîì,-ïèñàëà âîíà ñâîºìó äÿäüêîâ³ Ì. õî÷å óïîäîáàòèñü öàðåâ³, ìàðíî óïîâàþ÷è, ùî òîé Äðàãîìàíîâó â 1891 ð.,-ùî ìè òàê³ íåâ³ëüí³, ùî íîñèìî çìèëîñåðäèòüñÿ íàä “õîõëàìè”. êàéäàíè ³ ñïèìî ï³ä íèìè ñïîê³éíî”. Äîêëàäí³øå öÿ Îñü ðîçìîâà ãîñòÿ ç Óêðà¿íè ó Ìîñêâ³, à òaêîæ äóìêà çâó÷èòü ó ¿¿ ëèñò³ ³ç Ñîô³¿ äî Ì. Ïàâëèêà, “áîÿðèí³”-äðóæèíè ç³ Ñòåïàíîì: äàòîâàíîìó êâ³òíåì 1895 ð. “Êàæó÷è ïðàâäó,- ïîâ³äîìëÿëà,-ÿ ò³ëüêè äî Âàñ ïèøó ç îõîòîþ, â Ðîñ³þ Ã³ñòü. Ùî æ, ïàíå-áðàòå, òî íåìà íàä³¿ ïèñàòè äëÿ ìåíå ìóêà, ÿ âæå îäâèêëà òðèìàòè ñâîþ Ïîëåãêîñò³ ä³ñòàòè â³ä öàðÿ? äóìêó â êàéäàíàõ… Ñîðîì ³ æàëü çà ìîþ êðà¿íó ïðîñòî Ñòåïàí. Î í³, ÷îìó æ, ÿ ñïðîáóþ. Îò çãîäîì ãðèçå ìåíå… ß íå çíàþ, ùî áóäó ðîáèòè, âåðíóâøèñü Â öàðÿ ÿ áóäó íà ìàë³é áåñ³ä³. â Ðîñ³þ, ñàìà äóìêà ïðî ñå òþðåìíå æèòòÿ ñóøèòü ßê áóäå â³í ï³ä ÷àðêîþ, òî, ìîæå, ìîº ñåðöå. Íå çíàþ, ÿê õòî, à ÿ íå ìîæó òåðï³òè ìîâ÷êè ß äîãîäæó éîìó, â³í ÷àñîì ëþáèòü ï³ä’ÿðåìíîãî æèòòÿ”. Ï³ñåíü “÷åðêàññêèõ” ñëóõàòè òà æàðò³â Êîãî íå âèçíàâàëà Ëåñÿ Óêðà¿íêà –öå òîãî, Òà âñÿêèõ òåðåâåí³â, íå áåç òîãî, õòî çìèðèâñÿ ç ðàáñòâîì. “Íåâîëÿ ùå ìåðçåíí³øà, Ùî é òðîïàêà çâåëèòü ïîòàíöþâàòè. êîëè âîíà äîáðîâ³ëüíà”,-íàãàäóâàëà çàïîïàäëèâèì Ã³ñòü. Îòî! Õ³áà æ òè â íüîãî ïàõîëÿ? ëàêåÿì ÷è ïðîñòî ñëàáîäóõàì (ñòàòòÿ “Ãîëîñ îäí³º¿ Ñòåïàí. Áà, çíàºø, ÿê òî êàæóòü: “Ñêà÷è, âðàæå, ßê ïàí íàêàæå…”

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 9 Îêñàíà. ×è äîâãî íàì ùå ìó÷èòèñÿ òàê? Óæå â äîá³ Õìåëüíèöüêîãî “áîÿðèíÿ” Îêñàíà Ñòåïàí. Áîã çíàº, ñåðäåíüêî! (÷èòàéìî: ïîíåâîëåíà Óêðà¿íà) òðèâîæèòüñÿ ïèòàííÿì: Îêñàíà. Íåâæå é çàãèíåì ó ñ³é íåâîë³?.. “Íåâæå é çàãèíåì ó ñ³é íåâîë³?” Òàêå ïèòàííÿ, íàïåâíî, ñòàâèëè ïåðåä ñîáîþ Ïàâëî Ïîëóáîòîê ó ïåòðîâ- Íàâ³â ÿ òóò öþ íåìàëó öèòàòó, ùîá òè â äóø³, ñüêîìó êàçåìàò³ ÷è Ïåòðî Êàëíèøåâñüêèé ó êàòåðèíè- ÷èòà÷ó, íàâ³â ñîá³ õî÷ äåùî ç ³ñòîðè÷íèõ ïàðàëåëåé. íñüêîìó ï³äçåìåëë³. ² Ëåñÿ Óêðà¿êà ïðî öå äóìàëà. Ñê³ëüêè æ òî â³ä ÷àñ³â Ïåðåÿñëàâñüêî¿ óãîäè “Õòî ìåíå âèâåäå ç öüîãî ªãèïòó, ç êðàþ íåâîë³?..”- íàøèõ ñòåïàí³â çàïîá³ãëèâî õîäèëè ïåðåä âñÿêèìè çàïèòóâàëà â ïîåç³¿ “²çðà¿ëü â ªãèïò³”, ÿêó, äî ðå÷³, öàðÿìè ³ âîæäÿìè “òî çàäêîì, òî ïåðåäêîì” (Ò. Øåâ- äàðåìíî øóêàòè â îñòàííüîìó 12-òîìíîìó ç³áðàíí³ ÷åíêî)- ³ ùå íå íàõîäèëèñÿ! Ç ÿêèì çàõîïëåííÿì ïèñàâ òâîð³â ïîåòåñè. “Îé, äå æ áî òè, âîëå, çîðå òàºìíà?”- ª. Ãðåá³íêà òîâàðèøåâ³ â 1834 ð.: “Ïåòåðáóðã åñòü ïîáèâàëàñÿ â öèêë³ “Ñëüîçè-ïåðëè”, ïðèñâÿ÷åíîìó ². êîëîíèÿ îáðàçîâàííü³õ ìàëîðîññèÿí…Ãîñóäàðü³íÿ Ôðàíêîâ³. Ïëàêàòè íå ëþáèëà (“ß áóëà ìàëîþ ãîðäà,- âü³åçæàåò ÷åòâåðêîþ ëîøàäåé, è íà çàïÿòêà –íàøè ùîá íå ïëàêàòü, ÿ ñì³ÿëàñü…”), òà, òðàïëÿëîñÿ, ñëüîçè äâà ìàëîðîññèéñêèå êàìåð-êàçàêà. Ãîñóäàðü ÷àñòî, ñàì³ ïðîñòóïàëè: íå ç â³ä÷àþ –ç áîëþ. “Óêðà¿íî! Ïëà÷ó ãîâîðÿò, øóòèò ñ íèìè íà ìàëîðîññèéñêîì ÿçü³êå. Îí ñë³çüìè íàä òîáîþ”,-ç³çíàâàëàñÿ â çãàäàí³ì öèêë³, à â äàæå â áåçäåëêàõ âåëèê!” À ÿê ëþáèëè “øóòèòü ïî- ë³ðè÷í³é ìåäèòàö³¿ “Ñêð³çü ïëà÷, ³ ñòîã³í, ³ ðèäàííÿ…” óêðàèíñêè” ñó÷àñí³ ïðàâèòåë³, çîêðåìà “ìàñòåð êîíñòàòóâàëà: õîõëàöêèõ àíåêäîòîâ” Áðåæíºâ! ×è íå âáà÷àºø ÷àñîì, Íàä äàâí³ì ëèõîì Óêðà¿íè ÷èòà÷ó, ó ðîë³ ïðèäâîðíîãî ïàõîëêà, ÿêèé “ñêà÷å, ÿê Æàëêóºì-òóæèì â êîæíèé ÷àñ, ïàí íàêàæå”, ñó÷àñíîãî óêðà¿íñüêîãî ïîåòà, òàêîãî Ç ïëà÷åì æäåìî ò³¿ ãîäèíè, ñîá³ “êàìåð-êàçàêà”? ßêùî âáà÷àºø- çíà÷èòü íå Êîëè ñïàäóòü êàéäàíè ç íàñ. çàñâî¿â â³í äîáðå ó øêîë³ Ëåñèíî¿ “Äàâíüî¿ êàçêè”: “Íå ïîåò, õòî çàáóâàº ïðî ñòðàøí³ Òàì æå, ðîçóì³þ÷è, ùî ñëüî- íàðîäí³ ðàíè…”, çíà÷èòü íå óñâ³äîìèâ â³í çàìè ãîðþ íå çàðàäèø, ïîåòåñà Ëåñèíîãî íàïîóìëåííÿ: “Îðëèí³ êðèëà ñòàâèòü êðàïêó íàä “³”: ÷óºì çà ïëå÷èìà, ñàì³ æ êàéäàíàìè Çàðæàâ³þòü â³ä ñë³ç êàéäàíè, ïðèêóò³ äî çåìë³” (“Òîâàðèøö³ íà Ñàì³ æ í³êîëè íå ñïàäóòü! ñïîìèí”). Áîëÿ÷å, êîëè ïîåò ñüîãî- Ó 1894 ð. Ë. Óêðà¿íêà äí³, íåõòóþ÷è íàðîäíèìè ³íòå- ïèñàëà Ì. Ñòàðèöüêîìó: “Ìåí³ ðåñàìè, ùîá ëèø “áëèæ÷å ñóäèëîñÿ æèòè é ïðàöþâàòè ó ñòàòè êîëî ñàìèõ” (Ò. Øåâ- òÿæêó äîáó,-õòî çíà, ÷è ä³æäó ÷åíêî), ðîçõâàëþº âëàäó êî- ÿ êðàùî¿!” ×è é íàñ ñüîãîäí³ ìóí³ñò³â, ïðè êîòð³é, ìîâëÿâ, öå ïèòàííÿ íå òðèâîæèòü? Íà- “áóëî ùî ¿ñòè” (í³áè íå áóëî ðîä, çâè÷àéíî, íå çàãèíå, òà â Óêðà¿í³ ãîëîäîìîð³â ïî÷à- ñê³ëüêîì ùå éîãî ñèíàì ³ äî÷- òêó 20-õ ³ 30-õ ðîê³â, íå êàæó- êàì ñóäèëîñÿ çãîð³òè çà éîãî ÷è âæå ïðî ïîâîºííèé ãîëîä), ñâîáîäó? ³ íàïàäàº íà ìîëîäó äåìî- Ñòîë³òòÿìè íå ìàëè êðàòè÷íó âëàäó, ÿêà ç òàêèì óêðà¿íö³ ïðàâà é çà¿êíóòèñü òðóäîì âèâîäèòü êðà¿íó ç ïðî ÿêóñü ñàìîñò³éí³ñòü, ïðî êîìóí³ñòè÷íîãî òóïèêà. ñâîþ äåðæàâí³ñòü, -ÿê, çðå- Âæå æ òî ìè íàäè- øòîþ, é ³íø³ íàðîäè ³ìïåð³¿. âèëèñÿ çà â³êè íà ò³ ìíèì³ “áëàãî- ×èñëåíí³ “óêàçè”, ùî éøëè ³ç äåíñòâ³ÿ” íàðîäó. Ïðèì³ðîì, ï³ñëÿ âèõîäó Ìîñêâè, ìàëè âèêîíóâàòèñÿ ïåðøî¿ çá³ðêè Ë. Óêðà¿íêè: Íà êðèëàõ ï³ñåíü” (1893 íåãàéíî é áåççàïåðå÷íî, íàòî- ð.) îäåñüêèé öåíçîð äîïîâ³äàâ ó Ïåòåðáóðã: “Ïðåäîñó- ì³ñòü çàêîíí³ ïðîõàííÿ, ùî éøëè äî Ìîñêâè, äèòåëüíîå íàïðàâëåíèå ñòèõîòâîðåíèé ïðîÿâëÿåòñÿ íàòðàïëÿëè íà çíåâàãó òà ãëóõîòó. â òîñêëèâü³õ ñåòîâàíèÿõ íà ïå÷àëüíóþ ÿêîáü³ ñóäüáó Óì³éìî çàñâîþâàòè óðîêè âåëèêèõ íàøèõ Ìàëîðîññèè, èçíü³âàþùåé áóäòî-áü³ ïîä ÷óæåçåìíü³ì êëàñèê³â, ³ çîêðåìà, Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè, êîòðà, çâåëè÷óþ÷è èãîì, â æåëàíèè ñêîðîãî ïåðåâîðîòà åå ïîëîæåíèÿ, ñâÿòèé äåâ³ç “Çà âîëþ, çà ð³äíó êðà¿íó!” (“Ðîáåðò Áðþñ, â ñóìàñáðîäíîé ìå÷òå î âîçìîæíîñòè ïîâñòàíèåì êîðîëü øîòëàíäñüêèé”), ïðîãîëîñèëà äîñòîéíó äîáü³òü íåçàâèñèìîñòü”. Àâæå æ: ëèø “ÿêîáü³”, ëèø çîëîòèõ ñêðèæàë³â ôðàçó: “áóäòî áü³”. À “ïîñåìó”, ðîáèâ âèñíîâîê öåíçîð, çá³ðêó Êîëè òè áîðîíèòèìåø âîëþ “çàïðåòèòü”. É ñàìîñò³éí³ñòü íàðîäó òâîãî,

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 10 Ìè ïîâ³ê øàíóâàòü òåáå áóäåì ìàòåð³ ïîåòåñè, òåæ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ïèñüìåííèö³ Îëåíè ² ëþáèòè, ÿê äðóãà ñâîãî. Ï÷³ëêè, äî Äðàãîìàíîâèõ (1897): “Òàêà ó íàñ á³äà ç Ëåñåþ… Âîíà äóæå òåðïëÿ÷à âçàãàë³ é ïåðåíîñèòü ñòðàæäàííÿ, Óñå ñâ³äîìå æèòòÿ ïîåòåñà, ÿê áà÷èìî, æèëà íå ñêàðæó÷èñü, àëå é ìîâ÷àçí³ ¿¿ ñòðàæäàííÿ òàê òÿæêî ñïîä³âàííÿì âîë³ (“Òàê! ß áóäó êð³çü ñëüîçè ñì³ÿòèñü, ñåðåä áà÷èòè, ìîæå, ùå òÿæ÷å”. ëèõà ñï³âàòè ï³ñí³, áåç íàä³¿ òàêè ñïîä³âàòèñü…”). ² êîëè òè, Ïîäèâóéìîñü òåïåð âèíÿòêîâ³é ìóæíîñò³ Ë. ÷èòà÷ó, áåç òàêîãî ñïîä³âàííÿ, òî é òè, äàðóé, í³÷îãî íå Óêðà¿íêè, âèñîêîñò³ ¿¿ äóõà! Öå æ íå òå, ùî ïèñàòè, àëå íàâ÷èâñÿ â Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè. À âò³ì, âîë³ íå ïðîñÿòü –çà íå¿ ñàìîòóæêè (â øêîë³ â÷èëàñü ëèøå äî 14 ðîê³â) íàáóòè áîðþòüñÿ, ³ öüîãî ÿêíàéêðàùå â÷èòü Ëåñÿ Óêðà¿íêà. òàêó åðóäèö³þ, âèâ÷èòè ñò³ëüêè ìîâ (çíàëà ðîñ³éñüêó, Çãàäàéìî ñëàâíèé àôîðèçì ïîåòåñè ç “Îñ³ííüî¿ êàçêè”: í³ìåöüêó, ôðàíöóçüêó, ãðåöüêó, ëàòèíñüêó, àíãë³éñüêó, Õòî âèçâîëèòüñÿ ñàì, òîé áóäå â³ëüíèé, ³òàë³éñüêó, ïîëüñüêó, áîëãàðñüêó, ³ñïàíñüêó) –öå âæå Õòî âèçâîëèòü êîãî, â íåâîëþ â³çüìå. ïîäâèã. À òóò, â ò³ì íåùàñò³, âèñï³âàòè òàê³ ï³ñí³! À òóò ñòâîðèòè òàê³ ñâ³òîâ³ øåäåâðè, ÿê ïîåìè “Â³ëà-ïîñåñòðà”, Öÿ òåçà ïåðåãóêóºòüñÿ ³ç çàê³í÷åííÿì òâîðó “²çîëüäà Á³ëîðóêà”, äðàìàòè÷íà ïîåìà “Êàñàíäðà”! Ó 1901 ðîñ³éñüêîãî ïèñüìåííèêà Ô. Âîëõîâñüêîãî “Êàçêà ïðî ð. â Ì³íñüêó Ë. Óêðà¿íêà çà îäíó í³÷ ñòâîðèëà äðàìàòè÷íó íåïðàâåäíîãî öàðÿ”, êîòðèé íå âèïàäêîâî ïåðåêëàëà Ëåñÿ ïîåìó “Îäåðæèìà”… ñèäÿ÷è á³ëÿ âìèðàþ÷îãî äðóãà Ñ. Óêðà¿íêà. Îñü öå çàê³í÷åííÿ â ïåðåêëàä³ ïîåòåñè: “² Ìåðæèíñüêîãî. À õòî ïîâ³ðèòü, ùî ãåí³àëüíà äðàìà-ôåºð³ÿ ç’ÿâèëàñü íà íåá³ çîëîòà õìàðèíêà… à ÿê ñòàëà íàä “Ë³ñîâà ï³ñíÿ”, ç òàêèìè ñâ³òëèìè ³íòîíàö³ÿìè íà ïî÷àòêó, íàðîäîì, çàãóðêîò³ëà âåñåëèì âåñíÿíèì ãðîìîì: “Âè íàïèñàíà, êîëè æèòòÿ ïîåòåñè óæå çãàñàëî! Ë. Óêðà¿íêà ëþäè, à íå âîëè â ÿðì³! Ñàì³ ñîá³ ïîìàãàéòå, à áåç òîãî òàê ëþáèëà âåñíó (“Çíîâ âåñíà ³ çíîâ íàä³¿…”, “Ñòîÿëà ÿ í³õòî âàì íå ïîìîæå!” Îçâàëèñü ìóêîþ ò³ ñëîâà ó êîæíîìó ³ ñëóõàëà âåñíó”, “Âåñíÿíêà”, “Äàâíÿ âåñíà”, “Âåñíÿí³ ñåðö³, ³ ñòàâ íàðîä ãëèáîêó äóìó ãàäàòè. ñï³âè”)! Òåíä³òíà é í³æíà, âîíà çìóøåíà áóëà, îäíàê, ×àñ ³äå, ³ ðîñòå äóìêà íàðîäíà. À ÿê ïîñï³º âîíà, ñòàòè ïîåòåñîþ “áóð³ ³ íàòèñêó”. Íàãàäàéìî ¿¿ âîãíèñòèé òî é íàñòàíå êðàé âñüîìó ãîðþ íàðîäíîìó –óáîæåñòâó, ìîíîëîã “Ñëîâî, ÷îìó òè íå òâåðäàÿ êðèöÿ?”, ¿¿ “Ï³ñí³ êîðìóç³ òà íåïðàâä³”. ïðî âîëþ” ÷è ïîïóëÿðíèé ïîë³òè÷íèé â³ðø “Äîñâ³òí³ îãí³” ßêáè, êàçàâ Ì. Ðèëüñüêèé, òðåáà áóëî îêðåñëèòè (äîâãî íàñ ïåðåêîíóâàëè, ùî “äîñâ³òí³ îãí³” ãîð³ëè ò³ëüêè òâîð÷³ñòü Ë. Óêðà¿íêè îäíèì ñëîâîì, òî íàéêðàùå ï³ä³éøëî äî 1917 ð.). á ñëîâî “áîðîòüáà”. Ïðàâèëüíî, àëå öå ò³ëüêè ç îãëÿäó, “Ìåí³ çäàºòüñÿ,-ïèñàëà Ë. Óêðà¿íêà â 1898 ð. ç òàê áè ìîâèòè, íà ñïîñ³á, íà õàðàêòåð ãîð³ííÿ. Êîëè æ ßëòè äî ìàòåð³,-ùî ÿ ìàþ ïåðåä ñîáîþ ÿêóñü âåëèêó ìàòè íà óâàç³ ìåòó- àäæå áîðîòüáà áóâàº ð³çíà- òî òóò, áèòâó, ç ÿêî¿ âèéäó ïåðåìîæöåì àáî çîâñ³ì íå âèéäó”. î÷åâèäíî, íàéá³ëüøå ï³ä³éäå ñëîâî “âîëÿ”. Ïàì’ÿòàºòå Âîíà ìàëà òàêó áèòâó –âñå æèòòÿ. Êâîëà, íåì³÷íà ò³ëîì, ïîåìó Ë. Óêðà¿íêè “Îäíî ñëîâî” –ïðî âîëþ? ïîåòåñà áåçñòðàøíî ñòàëà íà ïðþ ç óñÿêèìè çëèìè ª â ïîåòåñè é ô³ëîñîôñüêå òëóìà÷åííÿ âîë³: ñèëàìè, ÿê³ â’ÿçíèëè âîëþ, ³ õàé ò³º¿ âîë³ íå äî÷åêàëàñÿ, “Âîëÿ-ñå ïðàâî êîæíî¿ ëþäèíè ðîáèòè âñå, ùî ¿é òà áàãàòî äëÿ íå¿ çðîáèëà, ³ ñâî¿ì òàëàíòîì òà ñèëîþ õî÷åòüñÿ, àáè ò³ëüêè íå ðîáèòè øêîäè ³íøèì ëþäÿì, ñåáòî äóõà òàêè ïåðåìîãëà! íå ëàìàòè ¿õ ïðàâ” (ñòàòòÿ “Äåðæàâíèé ëàä”, 1898, ï³äêð. Òóò äîðå÷íî ñïðîñòóâàòè îáëóäíó ñåíòåíö³þ: àâòîðêè). “Â çäîðîâîìó ò³ë³ -çäîðîâèé äóõ”. Ìîæíà ìàòè Âçàãàë³ òîãî, õòî â³çüìåòüñÿ çà íàïèñàííÿ íà áîãàòèðñüêå çäîðîâ’ÿ, à äóõîì áóòè ï³ãìåºì. ìàòåð³àë³ òâîð÷îñò³ Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè òðàêòàòó “âîëÿ ³ êàéäàíè”, Ó òîãî ëèø çäîðîâèé ñâ³òëèé äóõ, õòî, ÿê Ëåñÿ ÷åêàþòü ³ ö³êàâ³, ³ âàæëèâ³ â³äêðèòòÿ. Óêðà¿íêà, íå ïîáî¿òüñÿ ñêàçàòè ïåðåä ëèöåì ãð³çíîãî Õòî íå çíàº ì³òêî¿, çàñëóæåíî¿ îö³íêè, ÿêó äàâ Ë. ïîíåâîëþâà÷à: Óêðà¿íö³ ². Ôðàíêî: “Â³ä ÷àñó Øåâ÷åíêîâîãî “Ïîõîâàéòå Â³ëüí³ ñï³âè, ãó÷í³, ãîëîñí³ òà âñòàâàéòå, êàéäàíè ïîðâ³òå” Óêðà¿íà íå ÷óëà òàêîãî Â â³ëüí³ì êðàþ ÿ ÷óòè áàæàþ. ñèëüíîãî, ãàðÿ÷îãî òà ïóáë³÷íîãî ñëîâà, ÿê ³ç óñò ñå¿ ñëàáîñèëî¿, õâîðî¿ ä³â÷èíè!” Äà ñâÿòèòüñÿ ì³æ íàìè ãåðî¿÷íèé, áåçñìåð- Òàê, íà æàëü, âîíà òÿæêî õâîð³ëà. Â 12-ð³÷íîìó òíèé äóõ Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè! Çàñâ³ò³ìîñÿ êîæåí, íàñê³ëüêè â³ö³ ¿é âèð³çàëè óðàæåíó òóáåðêóëüîçîì ê³ñòêó ë³âî¿ ðóêè õòî ìîæå, öèì ñëàâíèì äóõîì íàö³îíàëüíî¿ ãîðäîñò³, (à ä³â÷èíà ëþáèëà ãðàòè íà ôîðòåï³àíî, ñàìà ñêëàäàëà ÷åñò³, çàãàëüíîëþäñüêîãî äîñòî¿íñòâà. ìóçèêó!), äàë³ õâîðîáà ïåðåêèíóëàñÿ íà ñóãëîá ïðàâî¿ Ñëàâà ¿é, Âèäàòí³é Ìàéñòðèí³ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ³ íîãè, ïî÷àëà ïðîãðåñóâàòè. Ï³øëè âñå ñêëàäí³ø³ îïåðàö³¿, ñâ³òîâî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íö³, - ³íàêøå: íàø³é ë³êóâàëüí³ ïî¿çäêè â³ä Ïðèáàëòèêè é Êðèìó äî Àâñòð³¿ ³ Îäåðæèì³é, Öâ³òó-Ëîìèêàìåíþ, Äî÷ö³ Ïðîìåòåÿ, Í³ìå÷÷èíè, â³ä ²òàë³¿ äî ªãèïòó, â³ä ð³çíèõ ³íøèõ ì³ñöü äî Ñï³âà÷ö³ äîñâ³òí³õ âîãí³â -÷è ïðîñòî: Ñï³âà÷ö³ Íàðîäíî¿ ãðóçèíñüêîãî ì³ñòà Ñóðàì³, äå é ïîìåðëà íà 42-îìó ðîö³. Âîë³! Íå ìîæíà áåç ùåìó â äóø³ ÷èòàòè õî÷à á òàêèé ëèñò (Ïîäàíî ç³ ñêîðî÷åííÿìè.)

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 11 In the Grip Of Great Frustrations The unknown Yuriy Kosach

By Serhiy HUPALO, Kyvertsi, Volyn oblast ILLUSTRATION SUPPLIED BY THE AUTHOR

December 18 marked the 95th birth anniversary of the outstanding Ukrainian writer Yuriy Kosach (Jurij Kosacz). The life path of Lesia Ukrayinka’s nephew was studded with great frustrations, hopes, and grave mistakes. Having opted in his youth for exalted ideals and disobedience, Yuriy Kosach served a number of prison terms in Polish and German jails. Yet, in the twilight of his life, he was convinced that Ukraine should be part of the Soviet Union. When Lesia Ukrayinka’s centennial was being celebrated, the writer, who had just arrived from the US, recalled the difficult period of the 1920s and 1930s, noting that in those years he had been close to nationalism but never belonged to any nationalist organization. But this is far from the truth. THE END OF THE KOVEL UNDERGROUND village administrator named Pacholczuk. Arrests followed. Late May 1932 marked the conclusion of the Yuriy Kosach was taken to the Lutsk jail. As the police investigation into the case of the Kovel underground gathered evidence on the underground, a ring of irre- Ukrainian nationalist group headed by Lesia Ukrayinka’s futable accusations relentlessly tightened around Yuriy. nephew Yuriy Kosach. The following month the Volyn A fellow student, Mykola Livytsky, the future president voivode’s counselor Stefan Vasylevsky finally proved to of the Ukrainian National Republic’s Government-in-ex- prosecutors that the Kovel underground fighters were ile for twenty years, managed to reduce the accusations members of the Ukrainian Military Organization (UVO), against Kosach with the aid of his defense lawyer Samuel i.e., terrorists, who deserved the harshest possible pun- Pidhirsky, noting that Kosach was part of the Union of ishment. This occurred precisely two years before the Ukrainian State Nationalists, which had organized a na- Lviv underground fighters led by Stepan Bandera mas- tionalist movement exclusively on Soviet Ukrainian terri- terminded the assassination of Polish Interior Minister tory. It was Mykola Livytsky himself who had instructed Bronislaw Pieracki. Yuriy Kosach to draw up a document entitled “Plan to Launch a National Movement in Volyn.” A HISTORICAL REFERENCE Now that the shroud of secrecy has been lifted, the three bulky volumes comprising Yuriy Kosach’s case are now stored in the Volyn Oblast State Archives. Among The Polish police uncovered the existence of the other documents, they include excerpts from the above- Kovel underground fighters in February 1931, when they mentioned plan. arrested Yuriy Kosach, who was a law student at War- “In the first period, conscientious nationalist mili- saw University. The young writer was accused of nation- tants will form the nucleus of a future organization of alism, and his frequent visits to Kovel and contacts with Volyn nationalists. The same nationalist militants will learn local youth confirmed the police’s suspicions that a ter- to wield greater influence by drafting as many educa- rorist UVO group was based in this large railway junc- tional and public-outreach platforms as possible and con- tion. The underground worked under the guise of the stantly propagating a nationally oriented ideology. This so-called Cultural Society in which Yuriy Kosach was or- requires gradually setting up unofficial, for the time be- ganizing local patriots. ing, national societies aimed at spreading national ideas The underground fighters would gather in Kovel, and drawing up a nation-oriented ideology and social Kolodiazne, and nearby villages to study nationalist lit- superstructure, and, whenever possible, waging an ac- erature (Surma, Rozbudova natsiyi) that Kosach kept tive struggle.” sending from Lviv and Warsaw. The underground nucleus The underground showed undaunted courage. was comprised of Volodymyr Markevych, Myroslav The 24-year-old Zinoviy Somchynsky testified in writing, Onyshkevych, Pavlo Vitryk, Heorhiy Lisnevych, Zinoviy and “The Volyn land is not as calm as it seems to be. Al- Serhiy Somchynsky, Illia Kunytsia, and Illia Sydorsky. though fate placed it in a God-forsaken place exposed In late 1931, when Yuriy Kosach informed the to the winds and the Polish police, it has already seen underground fighters that they would soon receive weap- the beginning of a sociopolitical movement.” ons, one of them, Yefrem Dmytruk, reported this to a

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 12 The members of the underground managed to Yuriy Kosach wrote and published in exile A Moment organize only two groups whose membership was sup- with a Master (1936), Ariadne’s Thread (1937), Enchant- posed to expand in the course of time. To ensure strict ing Ukraine (1937), and The Lady of Hlukhiv (1938). secrecy, the five members of one group were not al- Yuriy Kosach returned to Ukraine when it was lowed to know their counterparts in the other, and each under German occupation. He was arrested in Lviv, im- of them pledged to form a group of his own and fol- prisoned, and then deported to Germany. The postwar low Yuriy Kosach’s instructions. Traitors were punished years in Germany were quite fruitful for Kosach. To- by death. The militants would camp in Kolodiazhne and gether with a group of like-minded writers, including on the banks of the river Turiya and bury prohibited Ivan Bahriany, Viktor Domontovych, and Yuriy Sherekh, literature in vegetable gardens or beneath barn floors. he claimed that the current literary process in Ukraine They maintained close contacts with the Lviv-based Sokil- was experiencing a profound crisis. In Germany he pub- Batko (Father Falcon) nationalist society. lished the novel Aeneas and the Life of Others, which After graduating from a Ukrainian lyceum in Lviv echoed his 1929 short story The End of Ataman Kozyr, in 1927 and enrolling in Warsaw University’s Law School, about the frustration and spiritual drama of a Ukrainian Yuriy Kosach became an activist in the Union of Ukrai- nationalist. These works in fact prophesied Kosach’s fur- nian State Nationalists headed by Mykola Livytsky. As ther destiny. the secretary of this organization, he propagated the Some time later, in the US, Yuriy Kosach changed idea of fighting the USSR to form an independent state his political views. He now saw nationalism as an evil and in the Soviet-occupied lands. He recruited manpower for Soviet Ukraine as Elysium. In 1964 the writer was invited a legion that would eventually be sent to Soviet Ukraine. to the USSR to celebrate the 150th birth anniversary of Kosach chose his native Volyn as the site of his activities. Taras Shevchenko. After his return to the US, Kosach In August 1929, when the UVO became the OUN’s com- told Ukrayinski visti, “Ukraine is the country of the un- bat branch and Yuriy was visiting relatives in Kolodiazhne, chained Prometheus, who was punished for so many he was approached by an envoy from the Prague-based centuries for daring to equal the gods. Now Prometheus nationalist leadership, who suggested that Kosach serve is free. The former plebeian, tramp, pariah, serf, and as general secretary of Volyn’s Ukrainian nationalists. slave has become the ruler of his spirit: he builds cities, Yuriy reportedly declined. organizes regions and economic areas, plans, creates, The members of the underground received light commands, and leads the people forward and forward.” punishment: Vitryk and Somchynsky were sentenced to God only knows why the former champion of an inde- eighteen months, Kunytsia and Lisnevych to one year, pendent and free Ukraine became a patriot of Soviet and Yuriy Kosach to four years in prison. The Kovel Ukraine, why he found himself in a very difficult situa- underground ceased to exist. After the Lublin court of tion, “setting [for himself] the goal of a life-and-death appeals passed down its final sentence in April 1933, struggle against the so-called doctrine and people of Kosach escaped to Prague, after having been released nationalism, and being aware of the tremendous harm on bail in the amount of 500 zloty paid by his mother. they do to the Ukrainian people.” Yuriy Kosach made frequent visits to Soviet ESCAPE FROM PRISON AND... FROM HIMSELF Ukraine, where he was a welcome guest of highly placed officials and well known writers. He adored Kyiv. He of- In early May the young writer arrived in Prague. ten said he was born in Kyiv, although archival docu- Even the numerous intercessions on the part of the ments say otherwise: Kosach was born in the village of distinguished scholar and professor of Warsaw Univer- Kolodiazhne, near Kovel in Volyn. But, after all, it is up sity, Roman Smal- Stotsky, failed to protect Kosach from to the writer to know where he was born, and this does punishment. Kosach’s reputation as an “eternal revolu- not dwarf his heroic and simultaneously tragic figure. tionary” and follower of Mykola Khvylovy, as well as You feel it all the more acutely when you know that notes discovered during a search, in which Yuriy said Kosach was not simply in love with life. He was a spiri- that young Ukrainians ought to streamline their chaotic tual brother of Antonych, who wrote that he “was a activities and revive the spirit of the 1917 revolution, clearly beetle and fed off the cherries immortalized by did not work to the young writer’s advantage. Shevchenko.” In Prague Yuriy Kosach worked in the archives Despite this, Yuriy Kosach painted his surround- and wrote prolifically. In 1934 the prestigious Ivan Franko ings in dark colors. The contemporary world often stood Society of Writers and Journalists awarded Kosach sec- in the writer’s way, so he sought comfort in the past. ond prize for a collection of poems entitled Cherlen, This led him to write such historical prose works, such as which was dedicated to Khvylovy, and for the novel The The Sun Rises in Chyhyryn, Khmelnytsky’s Rubicon, and Sun Rises in Chyhyryn. (The first prize went to Ulas The Mistress of Pontis. In these comforting moments Samchuk for the first part of his trilogy Volyn and the Yuriy Kosach created his most important short stories third prize to Bohdan Ihor Antonych for his collection of and novels. The writer died at the age of eighty in the poems Three Signet Rings). In addition to Cherlen, US, an alien land. The Day Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 13 Ï.Îäàð÷åíêî ÎÐÃÀÍ²ÇÀÒÎÐ ² ÍÀÒÕÍÅÍÍÈÊ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÎ¯ ÅÍÖÈÊËÎÏÅÄ²¯ (Â.Ì. Êóá³éîâè÷) Îäíå ç íàéâàæëèâ³øèõ äîñÿãíåíü æèòòÿ ³ 7) öåðêâà; 8) ïðàâî; 9) êóëüòóðà; 10) ë³òåðàòóðà; 11) íàóêîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ñëàâíîãî óêðà¿íñüêîãî â÷åíîãî ìèñòåöòâî; 12) òåàòð, ìóçèêà, òàíåöü; 13) ê³íî, ôîòî, ðàä³î; Âîëîäèìèðà Ìèõàéëîâè÷à Êóá³éîâè÷à-öå éîãî 14) íàóêà, îñâ³òà, âèõîâàííÿ; 15) âèäàâíèöòâî ³ ïðåñà; Åíöèêëîïåä³ÿ Óêðà¿íîçíàâñòâà. Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ áóâ 16) á³áë³îòåêè, àðõ³âè, ìóçå¿; 17) íàðîäíå ãîñïîäàðñòâî; ³í³ö³àòîðîì ¿¿ ñòâîðåííÿ, îðãàí³çàòîðîì ïðàö³ íàä ¿¿ 18) ñóñï³ëüñòâî; 19) îõîðîíà çäîðîâ’ÿ ³ ô³çè÷íà êóëüòóðà; ñòâîðåííÿì, ïàëêèì íàòõíåííèêîì ö³º¿ íàäçâè÷àéíî 20) â³éñüêî. Îòæå, öå áóâ äîâ³äíèê ïðî Óêðà¿íó, ñêëàäàâñÿ âàæëèâî¿ ïðàö³, àâòîðîì ÷èñëåííèõ ñòàòòåé, íàïèñàíèõ â³í ³ç îêðåìèõ ðîçä³ë³â ó ñèñòåìàòè÷íîìó ïîðÿäêó. Âèäàíî äëÿ ö³º¿ åíöèêëîïåä³¿, ³ íåâòîìíèì ïðàö³âíèêîì, ùî ö³ òðè òîìè ó 1949-1951 ð.ð. (Öå áóâ âèêëèê Êèºâó, â³ääàâàâ ö³é âàæëèâ³é ñïðàâ³ ñâî¿ çíàííÿ, ñâ³é ÷àñ, êè¿âñüêèì íàóêîâöÿì. ² âîíè ïðèéíÿëè öåé âèêëèê – ñâîþ åíåðã³þ, ñâîº çäîðîâ’ÿ. Çàâäÿêè ñâîºìó “ÓÐÅ” âèäàëè ó 1960-1965 ð.ð.) íàäçâè÷àéíîìó îðãàí³çàö³éíîìó õèñòîâ³, ñâî¿ì 1949-1952 ð.ð. –öå ïåð³îä ìàñîâîãî ïåðåñåëåííÿ âèíÿòêîâèì îðãàí³çàö³éíèì çä³áíîñòÿì Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ó óêðà¿íñüêèõ âò³êà÷³â ³ç Í³ìå÷÷èíè â ³íø³ êðà¿íè, çîêðåìà âäàëîñÿ ïåðåáîðîòè íåéìîâ³ðí³ òðóäíîù³ é óñï³øíî äî ÑØÀ òà Êàíàäè. Ðåäàêö³ÿ ÅÓ âè¿õàëà ç Ìþíõåíà äî âèêîíàòè ñâ³é çàäóì. Ñàðñåëþ ïîáëèçó Ïàðèæà. Ó íåñïðèÿòëèâèõ óìîâàõ ïîâîºííîãî ÷àñó, â Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ äàë³ ïðàöþº íàä âèäàííÿì óìîâàõ òàáîðîâîãî æèòòÿ óêðà¿íñüêèõ óò³êà÷³â ó ñëîâíèêîâî¿ ÅÓ, â ÿê³é îêðåì³ ñòàòò³ ðîçòàøîâàí³ â Í³ìå÷÷èí³, Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ â³äíîâèâ ä³ÿëüí³ñòü Íàóêîâîãî àáåòêîâîìó ïîðÿäêó. Ñëîâíèêîâà åíöèêëîïåä³ÿ ñòàëà òîâàðèñòâà ³ì. Øåâ÷åíêà ³ ïîñòàâèâ ïåðåä íèì âåëèêå ïîãëèáëåííÿì òà äåòàë³çàö³ºþ òèõ ³íôîðìàö³é, ÿê³ ïîäàíî é â³äïîâ³äàëüíå çàâäàííÿ- ñòâîðèòè Åíöèêëîïåä³þ â çàãàëüí³é ÅÓ. Ïåðøèé òîì ö³º¿ åíöèêëîïåä³¿ âèéøîâ ó Óêðà¿íîçíàâñòâà. ñâ³ò 1955 ð., à äåñÿòèé –1984 ð. Â ÅÓ ²² ì³ñòÿòüñÿ òèñÿ÷³ Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ ââàæàâ, ùî òàêà åíöèêëîïåä³ÿ ñòàòåé-ãàñåë, äîâãèõ ³ êîðîòêèõ. Ïåðøèì åòàïîì ðîáîòè ïîâèííà çä³éñíèòè òðè îñíîâí³ çàâäàííÿ: 1) áóòè íàä íåþ áóëî ñòâîðåííÿ êàðòîòåêè íàçâ ñòàòåé-ãàñåë. îñíîâíèì äîâ³äíèêîì óêðà¿íîçíàâñòâà äëÿ óêðà¿íö³â Çàãàëüíà ê³ëüê³ñòü íàçâ ¿õ äîñÿãëà 20 000. Ï³ñëÿ óêëàäåííÿ ³ îñ³á óêðà¿íñüêîãî ïîõîäæåííÿ, ÿê³ æèâóòü ïîçà ñïèñêó íàçâ ñòàòåé òðåáà áóëî âèçíà÷èòè ¿õ ðîçì³ð. Òàêà ìåæàìè Óêðà¿íè; 2) áóòè äæåðåëîì çíàíü ïðî Óêðà¿íó ï³äãîòîâ÷à ïðàöÿ òðèâàëà äâà ðîêè. Äàëüøèé åòàï ïðàö³- é óêðà¿íñüêèé íàðîä äëÿ ³íøèõ íàðîä³â; öþ ðîëü ìàëà íàïèñàííÿ ñòàòåé. Ïðàöÿ íàä íàïèñàííÿì ñòàòåé äëÿ ÅÓ âèêîíóâàòè àíãëîìîâíà Åíöèêëîïåä³ÿ Óêðà¿íîçíàâñòâà; ²² äóæå â³äð³çíÿëàñü â³ä íàïèñàííÿ ñòàòåé äëÿ “ÅÓ” ². Ñòàòò³, 3) áóòè äæåðåëîì ïðàâäèâèõ ³íôîðìàö³é ïðî ìèíóëå ÿê³ ïðèñèëàëè àâòîðè äëÿ ÅÓ ², íå âèìàãàëè âåëèêî¿ é ñó÷àñíå Óêðà¿íè. Öå òðåòº çàâäàííÿ áóëî ðåäàêö³éíî¿ ïðàö³, òà é ÷èñëî ¿õ áóëî íåâåëèêå. Íàòîì³ñòü íàéâàæëèâ³øå, áî íà Óêðà¿í³ ï³ä âëàäîþ á³ëüøîâèê³â äëÿ ÅÓ ²² òðåáà áóëî, ÿê çàçíà÷àâ Â. Êóá³éîâè÷, “ìàñîâî ôàëüøóâàëèñÿ ³ñòîðè÷í³ ôàêòè, ôàëüøóâàëàñÿ ñó÷àñíà ôàáðèêóâàòè ñòàòò³ â ðåäàêö³éíîìó áþðî, à ò³ëüêè äåÿê³, ä³éñí³ñòü ³ ä³ÿëüí³ñòü óêðà¿íñüêèõ êóëüòóðíèõ ä³ÿ÷³â. á³ëüø³ çàìîâëÿòè àâòîðàì”. Ìåíø³ ñòàòò³, ùî ¿õ ïèñàëè Äëÿ çä³éñíåííÿ öèõ âåëèêèõ çàâäàíü òðåáà ÷ëåíè ðåäàêö³éíî¿ êîëåã³¿, ïîñèëàëè îêðåìèì àâòîðàì- áóëî çíàéòè ëþäåé, ÿê³ á ìîãëè íàïèñàòè â³äïîâ³äí³ ôàõ³âöÿì íà ðåöåíç³þ ïîò³ì, ï³ñëÿ îäåðæàííÿ ¿õ â³ä ñòàòò³ äëÿ åíöèêëîïåä³¿. Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ çíàéøîâ öèõ ðåöåíçåíò³â ö³ ñòàòò³ â³ääàâàëèñÿ äî äðóêó. Ãîëîâíèé ôàõ³âö³â ³ç ð³çíèõ ä³ëÿíîê çíàíü. Ñòàòò³ äëÿ ² ³ ²² òîì³â ðåäàêòîð Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ ïèñàâ ÷åñëåíí³ ëèñòè àâòîðàì ³ îïðàöüîâóâàëè 109 íàóêîâö³â, à äëÿ ²²² òîìó –121 ðåöåíçåíòàì, ïðîñèâ ¿õ ïåðåãëÿíóòè îêðåì³ ñòàòò³, íàóêîâåöü. ïðîðåöåíçóâàòè ¿õ, âèïðàâèòè ïîìèëêè àáî íàïèñàòè Çíàéøîâ Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ ³ ïîòð³áí³ ô³íàíñè äëÿ îðèã³íàëüí³ ñòàòò³ íà îêðåì³ òåìè. Öå ëèñòóâàííÿ çàáèðàëî âèäàííÿ òðüîõ òîì³â. Âèäàëî ö³ òîìè ïëàñòîâå â ãîëîâíîãî ðåäàêòîðà äóæå áàãàòî ÷àñó. âèäàâíèöòâî “Ìîëîäå æèòòÿ” íà ÷îë³ ç À. Ô³´îëåì. Öå Êð³ì ðåäàêö³éíî¿ é àâòîðñüêî¿ ïðàö³, Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ âèäàííÿ, â³äîìå ï³ä ñêîðî÷åíîþ íàçâîþ ÅÓ, ÿâëÿëî áàãàòî ÷àñó âèòðà÷àâ íà ïîäîðîæ³ äî ÑØÀ, Êàíàäè òà ñîáîþ äîâ³äíèê, ùî ñêëàäàâñÿ ç òàêèõ îñíîâíèõ äî ³íøèõ êðà¿í. Ìåòà öèõ ïîäîðîæåé áóëà ïîäâ³éíà: ðîçä³ë³â: 1) çàãàëüí³ â³äîìîñò³; 2) ô³çè÷íà ãåî´ðàô³ÿ ³ çóñòð³òèñÿ ç àâòîðàìè ñòàòåé äëÿ ÅÓ ²², îáãîâîðèòè ç íèìè ïðèðîäà; 3) ëþäí³ñòü; 4) åòíî´ðàô³ÿ; 5) ìîâà; 6) ³ñòîð³ÿ; âàæëèâ³ ïèòàííÿ ³ îäíî÷àñíî çóñòð³òèñÿ ç øèðîêèìè

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 14 ìàñàìè ç ìåòîþ ç’ÿñóâàííÿ âàãè çàâäàíü åíöèêëîïåä³¿ ë³òåðè â³ä À äî Ô (ëàò. àáåòêè). 952 ñòîð³íêè âåëèêîãî òà äëÿ çáèðàííÿ ïîæåðòâ íà âèäàííÿ ÷åðãîâèõ òîì³â. ôîðìàòó (28 ñì íà 21 ñì àáî 11 ³í÷³â íà 8 ç ÷âåðòþ). Ö³ ïîäîðîæ³ Â. Êóá³éîâè÷à áóëè äóæå óñï³øíèìè. ÀÅÓ ²² çíà÷íî â³äð³çíÿºòüñÿ â³ä ÅÓ ²². Òóò áàãàòî Ñâîþ â³ääàí³ñòü ñïðàâ³ âåëèêî¿ íàö³îíàëüíî¿ âàãè, ñâ³é íîâèõ ñòàòåé, áàãàòî ñòàòåé ´ðóíòîâíî ïåðåðîáëåíèõ åíòóç³àçì Âîëîäèìèð Ìèõàéëîâè÷ óì³â ïåðåäàòè é ³íøèì. ç ÅÓ ²². Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ ï³ä ÷àñ ïðàö³ íàä ïåðøèì òîìîì Îäíî÷àñíî ç ïðàöåþ íàä âèäàííÿì ÅÓ ²² Â. ÀÅÓ ÷àñòî ¿çäèâ äî Êàíàäè, áðàâ ó÷àñòü ó ÷èñëåííèõ Êóá³éîâè÷ ðîçïî÷àâ ñâîþ ä³ÿëüí³ñòü íàä âèäàííÿì íàðàäàõ, áàãàòî ÷àñó âèòðàòèâ íà ÷èòàííÿ ïåðåêëàä³â àíãëîìîâíî¿ Åíöèêëîïåä³¿ Óêðà¿íîçíàâñòâà â äâîõ ñòàòåé íà àíãë³éñüêó ìîâó, íà ÷èòàííÿ êîðåêòóðè, íà âåëèêèõ òîìàõ. Â 1957-1958 ð.ð. ¿çäèâ äî ÑØÀ, òóò â³í ïîð³âíÿííÿ îðèã³íàë³â ³ç ïåðåêëàäàìè. Äîâãîòðèâàëà é â³â ïåðåãîâîðè ç êåð³âíèêàìè Óêðà¿íñüêîãî Íàðîäíîãî òÿæêà ïðàöÿ çàâåðøèëàñÿ âèõîäîì ó ñâ³ò ïåðøîãî òîìó Ñîþçó ïðî âèäàííÿ ÀÅÓ ². Ðåäàêòîð “Ñâîáîäè” À. Äðàãàí ÀÅÓ ²². Ó æîâòí³ íà óðî÷èñòîìó áåíêåò³ ç íàãîäè ö³º¿ îðãàí³çóâàâ ïåðåêëàäàöüêå áþðî. ÀÅÓ ² ñâî¿ì çì³ñòîì ïîä³¿ (íà ÿêîìó áóëî ïîíàä 300 îñ³á) Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ çíà÷íî â³äð³çíÿëàñÿ â³ä “ÅÓ” ². Öå íå áóâ ïåðåêëàä, à ñâÿòêóâàâ çä³éñíåííÿ ñâîº¿ ìð³¿, äîñÿãíóòå âåëèêèìè ´ðóíòîâíà ïåðåðîáêà óêðà¿íñüêîãî òåêñòó ÅÓ ². Íàéá³ëü- òðóäàìè. Ïðî öå â³í òàê ïèñàâ ó ñâî¿õ ñïîãàäàõ: øèõ çì³í çàçíàëè ñòàòò³ ç íàéíîâ³øî¿ ³ñòîð³¿ Óêðà¿íè. Äóæå “Ïðèºìíî áóëî ìåí³ ïîáà÷èòè ñâîþ “äèòèíó”. ² êîëè âàæëèâà é â³äïîâ³äàëüíà ðîáîòà áóëà íàä ïåðåâ³ðêîþ í³õòî íå äèâèâñÿ íà ìåíå, ÿ ¿¿ ïîãëàäèâ òàê, ÿê êîëèñü ïåðåêëàä³â îêðåìèõ ñòàòåé, íàïèñàíèõ óêðà¿íñüêîþ ãëàäèâ ãîë³âêè äî÷îê… ³ ñâî¿õ êîòèê³â. Ç äåÿêèì ìîâîþ. Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ îñîáèñòî áðàâ ó÷àñòü ó ö³é ìàðóäí³é çâîðóøåííÿì ÿ ïðèéìàâ ñëîâà âäÿ÷íîñò³ íàøî¿ ðîáîò³. Îñü ÿê â³í çãàäóº ïðî öå: “Ó ìàëåíüê³é íàï³âòåìí³é ãðîìàäè. Òàê! Öå áóâ ì³é òâ³ð ³ äåñÿòîê ðîê³â ïðàö³, ê³ìíàòö³ ñ³ëè ìè çà ñòîëîì: ÿ ç óêðà¿íñüêèì ðóêîïèñîì, â³ääàíèõ óêðà¿íñüê³é ñïðàâ³ é óêðà¿íñüê³é ãðîìàä³”. à Çåíîí Ñíèëèê ïðîòè ìåíå ³ç ñêëàäåíèì óæå àíãë³éñüêèì Âåëèêà çàñëóãà ïðîô. Â. Êóá³éîâè÷à, ÿê ïåðåêëàäîì. Â³í ïåðåêëàäàâ ìåí³ àíãë³éñüêèé òåêñò íà ðåäàêòîðà, ïîëÿãàº â òîìó, ùî â³í äîêëàâ óñ³õ çóñèëü, óêðà¿íñüêó ìîâó, ³ ìè éîãî ñï³âñòàâëÿëè ç óêðà¿íñüêèì ùîá ó òåêñò³ ñòàòåé, íàïèñàíèõ äëÿ ÅÓ, íå áóëî í³ÿêèõ îðèã³íàëîì”. ïîìèëîê- í³ ñóòòºâèõ, í³ ãðàìàòè÷íèõ, í³ ïðàâîïèñíèõ, Òàêó ðîáîòó íàä ïåðåâ³ðêîþ ïåðåêëàäó Â. í³ äðóêàðñüêèõ. Ùîá óíèêíóòè ¿õ, â³í ïîñèëàâ òåêñòè Êóá³éîâè÷ ïðîâàäèâ ï³ñëÿ òîãî, ÿê çàóâàæèâ îäíó ïðèêðó ñòàòåé ê³ëüêîì ôàõ³âöÿì, à íàîñòàíêó ïîñèëàâ ïîìèëêó â ïåðåêëàä³. Îñü ÿê â³í ïèøå ïðî öå: “ß ìàéæå íàäðóêîâàí³ ãðàíêè, ùîá ùå ðàç ïåðåâ³ðèòè é íå çíàâ àíãë³éñüêî¿ ìîâè, îäíàê ïîáà÷èâ îêðåì³ âèïðàâèòè ìîæëèâ³ ïîìèëêè. ×àñòî âæå â ãðàíêàõ íåòî÷íîñò³. Îñü ÷èòàþ ñòàòòþ ïðî Õìåëüíè÷÷èíó é âèïðàâëÿëèñÿ äàòè é ÷èñëåíí³ äð³áí³ íåäîãëÿäè. äîâ³äóþñÿ ïðî ñîþç ãåòüìàíà ç ìîëäàâñüêèì ãîñïîäàðåì Ùå îäíó ðèñó Êóá³éîâè÷à, ÿê ëþäèíè, òðåáà “Âîëüôîì”. Ñòàðàííèé ïåðåêëàäà÷… ïåðåêëàâ ïð³çâèùå â³äçíà÷èòè: â³í ìàâ ÷àð ùèðî¿ ñåðäå÷íîñò³, äîáðî- Ëóïóëà íà àíãë³éñüêó ìîâó ³ çðîáèâ ç íüîãî “Âîëüôà”. çè÷ëèâîñò³, ïðèâ³òíîñò³ é îäíî÷àñíî áóâ ëþäèíîþ Ùîá óíèêíóòè òàêèõ ïðèêðèõ ïîìèëîê, Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ íàïîëåãëèâîþ, æåðòîâíîþ, áåçìåæíî â³ääàíîþ ïî¿õàâ ³ç Ñàðñåëþ äî Íüþ Éîðêà ³ îñîáèñòî ðàçîì ç óêðà¿íñüê³é íàö³îíàëüí³é ñïðàâ³. ìîëîäèì ìà´³ñòðîì Çåíîíîì Ñíèëèêîì ñòàâ äîêëàäíî Ç Êóá³éîâè÷åì áóëî ïðèºìíî é ðàä³ñíî ïåðåâ³ðÿòè ïåðåêëàäè. Òàêà íóäíà ðîáîòà òðèâàëà ÷îòèðè ñï³âïðàöþâàòè. ß ãëèáîêî âäÿ÷íèé éîìó çà òå, ùî, ì³ñÿö³. Âíàñë³äîê òàêî¿ ïåðåâ³ðêè äîâåëîñÿ ÷åòâåðòèíó âèêîíóþ÷è éîãî äîðó÷åííÿ, ñòàâ ñï³âðîá³òíèêîì âæå ñêëàäåíîãî òåêñòó âèêèíóòè é ïåðåêëàñòè íàíîâî. Åíöèêëîïåä³¿ Óêðà¿íîçíàâñòâà ³ àêòèâíî äîïîìàãàâ Ïðàöÿ íàä ïåðøèì òîìîì áóëà çàê³í÷åíà äî ïî÷àòêó ë³òà 1963 ð. “Áóëî âàæêî,-ïèøå â ñâî¿õ ñïîãàäàõ Â. ð³çíîìàí³òí³é ïðàö³ íàä ñòâîðåííÿì ÷îòèðüîõ Êóá³éîâè÷,-óâå÷åð³ ÿ ëåäâå äîõîäèâ äî õàòè (äî ìî¿õ åíöèêëîïåä³é òà çðîáèâ ³ ñâ³é ñêðîìíèé âíåñîê â øâàãåð³â Îêñàíè é Ëåâà Ùóð³â): âîãêà ãàðÿ÷à ìðÿêà îïðàöþâàííÿ ñòàòåé ç ä³ëÿíêè óêðà¿íñüêî¿ åòíî´ðàô³¿, âáèâàëà. Àëå ÿ òÿãíóâ âîçèê ïåðøîãî òîìó ÀÅÓ äî ê³íöÿ ôîëüêëîðó òà ³ñòîð³¿ óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè, ÿê ³ âë³òêó 1963 ð. ì³ã ïîâåðíóòèñÿ äî Ñàðñåëþ. Ïåðøèé ðåöåíçåíò, ÿê ðåäàêòîð 55 ñòàòåé, çîêðåìà 17 ñòàòåé ó òîì âèéøîâ ó ñâ³ò âîñåíè 1963 ð. Â³í ìàâ 1186 ñòîð³íîê.” ² òîì³ ÀÅÓ ²². Ï³ñëÿ ïîÿâè ² òîìó ÀÅÓ âèíèêëà äóìêà ïðî âèäàííÿ ß òâåðäî â³ðèâ, ùî âåëèêà ñïðàâà, ÿêó ñëîâíèêîâî¿ åíöèêëîïåä³¿ àíãë³éñüêîþ ìîâîþ. Â. ðîçïî÷àâ Â.Ì. Êóá³éîâè÷, íå ïðèïèíèòüñÿ. Â³ðèâ, ùî ¿¿ Êóá³éîâè÷ ìàâ íàä³þ, ùî ÓÍÑ ïîãîäèòüñÿ âèäàòè ÀÅÓ ²². äàë³ ïðîâàäèòèìóòü ìîëîäø³ íàóêîâ³ ñèëè. Â³ðèâ, ùî Àëå ÓÍÑ âàãàâñÿ, â³äêëàäàâ ñâîº ð³øåííÿ â ö³é ñïðàâ³ é óêðà¿íñüêà åíöèêëîïåä³ÿ ç êîæíèì íîâèì âèäàííÿì âðåøò³ â³äìîâèâñÿ. Â. Êóá³éîâè÷ øóêàº ³íøîãî âèäàâöÿ. áóäå óäîñêîíàëþâàòèñÿ é çàéìå ïî÷åñíå ì³ñöå ñåðåä ² çíàõîäèòü éîãî â Êàíàä³, â Åäìîíòîí³. Â³ä ³ìåí³ ÍÒØ â ñâ³òîâèõ åíöèêëîïåä³é òà ñëóæèòèìå âåëèê³é ñïðàâ³ ªâðîï³ óêëàäàº óãîäó ç Êàíàäñüêèì ²íñòèòóòîì Óêðà¿- ïðàâäèâîãî ³íôîðìóâàííÿ ñâ³òó ïðî Óêðà¿íó ³ ¿¿ íàðîä. íñüêèõ Ñòóä³é òà Êàíàäñüêîþ Ôóíäàö³ºþ Óêðà¿íñüêèõ ² öÿ ìîÿ íåïîõèòíà â³ðà çä³éñíèëàñÿ! Ñòóä³é. ² 1984 ð. â Òîðîíòî (ó âèäàíí³ Þí³âåðñèò³ îô Òîðîíòî Ïðåññ) âèõîäèòü ïåðøèé òîì, ÿêèé îõîïëþº (“Íîâ³ äí³”, ëèïåíü-ñåðïåíü 1994. Ñòàòòÿ ïîäàíà ç³ ñêîðî÷åííÿìè) Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 15 Sound Conservatism By Liudmyla RIABOKON, The Day Young rural people attend church, are eager to work, and take pride in their country

Every year up to 18,000 villages vanish from the Photo by Mykhailo MARKIV, The Day map of Ukraine. They become depopulated as a result of harsh living conditions. The exacerbation of socioeconomic problems in the countryside is leading to a slump in the local economy, whose development is dependent on the extent to which rural youth are interested in it. Last year this population group drew the attention of sociologists for the first time in Ukraine. This resulted in fundamental research that has now been published by the Ministry for Family and Youth Affairs.

POLITICS IN THE SPOTLIGHT RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT BOTH RURAL AND URBAN YOUTH HAVE ALMOST IDENTICAL Contrary to a deeply rooted belief, young people in VIEWS ON THE INSTITUTION OF MARRIAGE. rural areas take more pride in being Ukrainian citizens than BUT YOUNG PEOPLE FROM THE COUNTRYSIDE their urban peers. One half of young villagers identify USUALLY BIND THEMSELVES WITH THE TIES themselves with the Ukrainian nation, first of all by virtue of OF HYMEN PRIMARILY IN ORDER the fact that they live in Ukraine rather than by any hereditary TO KEEP THE DOMESTIC ECONOMY GOING, factors. These young rural people account for 90% in the WHILE “TOWNEES” DO SO “TO SATISFY THE western part of the country, over 72% in the south and REQUIREMENT OF LOVE AND MARITAL BLISS” east, and 50% in the Crimea. Most young villagers have a deferential attitude toward Ukraine’s official symbols, such while one-half opposes this idea. Thirty-eight percent of their as the flag and anthem. One out of every two respondents urban peers favor NATO membership and 43% are against it. confirmed their readiness to take up arms in defense of What is the attitude of young rural people to the their native land, and 11% said they would readily sacrifice political life in this country? In the past ten years the their lives for their country. percentage of those who are always interested in political Rural youth are more convinced than their urban developments has increased. This refers in particular to those peers that Ukraine was right to choose independence. young people who take an active part in political life or just Researchers claim that if a referendum were held today on try to keep abreast of events. The number of young people proclaiming an independent Ukrainian state, 68% of young who take an occasional interest in politics (when it touches villagers and 59% of city dwellers would vote in favor. Eight upon their personal interests one way or another) has percent of young rural dwellers would oppose independence, decreased, while the number of those who are indifferent while one-quarter of their urban peers would be tormented has remained unchanged. Also on the decline is the number by doubts about making a decision. of rural residents who, in spite of their young age, are unable Sociologists did not overlook a question about the to clearly state their ideological preferences. Research shows reunification of Ukraine and Russia. Thirty-two percent of that at the beginning of this year [2004] about 20% of rural youth are prepared to support a politician wielding the young villagers were ignorant about political currents, but slogan of reunification. However, nearly one-half of young this figure dropped to 15% six months before the presidential people in western Ukrainian villages, 48% in the northern elections. region, and 13% in the Crimea categorically refused to vote for this kind of politician. The idea of supporting politicians ON GOD, LANGUAGE, AND THE “SIMPLEST OCCUPATIONS” who favor independence is especially popular among the youngest rural respondents. As for choosing the vector of The church is seen as exerting an increasingly more international integration, preference is given to a powerful influence on young Ukrainian villagers. The vast rapprochement between Ukraine and the European Union. majority of respondents note that religion is their personal Fifty-seven percent of young villagers are ready to support belief in God, while a quarter of those polled say this means a politician in favor of this kind of integration, while 45 out goodness, conscience, mercy, and the moral law. One-fifth of 100 respondents would prefer one that champions believes this is merely a tradition. Most young people attend integration within the SES. The survey also showed that church occasionally. In the countryside there are more believers one-quarter of village boys and girls favor joining NATO, than in the city, both on the whole and among young people. Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 16 Three-quarters of young villagers who took part in the Tellingly, rural and urban young people cherish 2004 poll called themselves believers. Interestingly, they almost the same work ethic. A poll conducted by the State accounted for over 90% in the western region, with the Institute for the Study of Family and Youth Problems in the lowest percentage — 59% — occurring in the south. summer of 2004 showed that both rural and urban youth The number of young villagers who say that believe that the most important thing is that work should Ukrainian is their native language is rising every year. The be well-paid, interesting, and conform to the individual’s current figure is 84%, while seven years ago the number abilities. Both in the countryside and in the city, young people was 8% lower. Today, 71% of rural youth speak Ukrainian value work that commands respect, has a suitable schedule, at home. Sixty-five percent do so in public places, shops, and leaves enough leisure time. Yet, young villagers are less and on public transport, and 57% in the workplace. fearful of hard work than townees are. They are also less The greatest number of young people with a higher worried about showing initiative at work and the possibility education is found in the villages of Ternopil, Lviv, Donetsk, of achieving early success. Besides, young city dwellers more Vinnytsia, Kyiv, and Cherkasy oblasts. There are far fewer often express discontent over their wages than their rural highly educated young people in southern villages. Quite a peers (74% versus 67%). One-half of polled young villagers few young people in Mykolayiv, Kherson, Zaporizhia, and named hard manual labor as the main drawback of their Sumy oblasts either have a primary education or are even employment, while only one-quarter of urban residents raised illiterate. Educational level is closely linked to employment. the same complaints. Townees far more often indicate a Limited opportunities for young villagers to obtain long working day, and irregular holidays and vacations as employment and realize their professional potential, as well the main disadvantages of their job. as inefficient application of education by those who are The experience of labor migration is now playing an employed, have created a situation in which nearly 45% of important role in building young people’s character. Among young villagers aged 14 to 27 perform the simplest functions young rural residents who have worked abroad, there are at work, i.e., they belong to the group of “simplest 2.5 times as many who tend to solve problems on their occupations.” To carry out a task, they usually make do own instead of turning to friends and relatives for help. A with manual tools and exert considerable physical effort. long stay abroad also reflects on the life philosophy of Farming is the basic type of economic activity among young Ukrainian citizens. During the presidential elections, Ukraine’s rural population. Even if a young person is young Ukrainians working in Russia supported those employed, his/her household almost always has a subsidiary politicians who favored Ukraine’s integration with the SES farm outside the sector in which s/he works. Yet, as the and full- fledged CIS membership. Conversely, those who survey indicates, rural boys and girls have a lukewarm worked in Western and Central Europe cast their votes for attitude to agricultural work today. As few as 13% named the politician who advocated integration with the EU and this as their vocation, while 22% say they have to do it, NATO membership. These attitudes are typical of former although they admit it helps them survive. labor migrants from both the countryside and the city. Young people who work outside their permanent place of residence SUPPORTING REFORMS mostly live in Kyiv, Chernihiv, and Zhytomyr oblasts. They mostly obtain employment in Kyiv, where so-called At the same time, young rural people are in favor “pendulum migrants” usually work in the transport, civil of market reforms. In any case, during the presidential construction and health-care sectors, and perform lower- elections it mattered for 40% of the respondents whether skilled jobs in comparison to Kyivans. the candidate favored a market economy. The market- Can the countryside be made economically and related option of young villagers was also confirmed by socially attractive for today’s youth? Researchers do not their attitude to ownership of farmland: 34% think that advise equating the rural population with agricultural land should be private property, 30% favor all kinds of producers, for this is a far broader notion. Increasing numbers ownership, while 15% and 11% opt for public and collective of rural residents are engaged in all kinds of activities: they ownership, respectively. One in ten young rural respondents work in industry, civil construction, transport, and the service spoke out against private farms, and 15% were unsure. sector. Today, the countryside attracts many as a habitat — It should be noted that both rural and urban young in other words, deurbanization is underway. Industrial people are almost equally worried about problems stemming progress is reducing the number of farmers in this country from domestic and foreign economic policies. Twenty- five because the countryside means not only farming but also percent of those polled in the countryside and 30% of roads, water and gas supply lines, sewage systems, young urbanites closely follow the economic situation. Only telecommunications, medicine, education, consumer services, five out of a hundred respondents are troubled by and small-scale business. Therefore researchers think the ineffective economic reforms, and one in ten deplores the state should be pursuing a policy of active market-economy lack of real investments in the economy. Experts attribute transformation of the agrarian sector. Now that the economy this to the isolated nature of the rural lifestyle and limited of Ukraine is gradually developing (in the countryside, too), access to information. They claim that, although young when society has seen burgeoning optimism, it is crucial for villagers are not very satisfied with the current economic as many young people as possible to spearhead these policy, they display a generally positive attitude to market- transformations. Experts believe that creating proper economy transformations. However, they are not prepared educational opportunities for rural youth should be the basic to participate actively in the latter. element of the government’s policy toward young people. Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 17 ÌÀÌÈÍÀÌÀÌÈÍÀ ÏIÑÍß...ÏIÑÍß... Ìèõàéëî Øàëàòà Ñòåæèíà äî ìàìèíî¿ õàòè ïåòëÿº ÷åðåç ãîðîä. âàæêî ñòàðåíüê³é çâîäèòèñü, àëå âîíà òàêè âñòèãàº Óñå òóò äî áîëþ çíàéîìå: îí äáàéëèâî îïîðÿäæåíà âèïåðåäèòè ìåíå, êèäàºòüñÿ â îá³éìè. ß ÷óþ, ÿê ðîçîðà ñòüîáíóëà ÷åðåç êàðòîïëþ –çäâîá³÷÷ÿ âèñà- íàòóæíî á’ºòüñÿ ¿¿ í³æíå ñåðöå, âàæêî äèõàþòü ãðóäè. äæåí³ êóùèêè êâàñîë³, à ì³æ íèìè ïîâàæèñòî ðîçïëå- Ðîêè áåðóòü ñâîº, ³ â³ä òîãî êðàäüêóº íåâò³øíà äóìêà: ëîñÿ ãàðáóçîâå ãóäèííÿ, íà âèäîëèíêó ãóñòîþ ïîðî- à ùî, ÿê óðàç â³ä³éäå íàéäîðîæ÷à òîá³ ëþäèíà, õòî æ ñëþ áóÿº ìîðêâà, ñóç³º òóãèìè ãîë³âêàìè êàïóñòà, òîä³ çóñòð³÷àòèìå â ð³äíîìó îá³éñò³? ãóñòèìè ëèñòî÷êàìè ï³øëè ó çð³ñò áóðÿêè, àíòåíÿòü Ïîâîë³ ³äåìî äî õàòè. Ìàòè óêðàäüêè âèñóøóº ñòð³ëè êðîïó, òåíä³òÿòü ïîêðàïèíè ìàêó-ñàìîñ³þ ³, ê³íöÿìè õóñòèíè çâîëîæåí³ î÷³ é íà÷å âèïðàâäîâóºòüñÿ: íåìîâ ñòîðîæ³, ïîãîðäî âàðòóþòü íà îêðà¿íàõ ãîðîäó “Íå ìîæó ñïîê³éíî ñëóõàòè öþ ï³ñíþ, ñò³ëüêè â í³é ñîíÿõè. Íà ¿õ æîâòèõ êàøêåòèêàõ, ïîö³ëåíèõ íà ñîíöå, äîáðîòè ³ ñìóòêó…” ², ïîìîâ÷àâøè òðîõè, äîäàº: “Îñü äçâåíÿòü ïðèòîìëåí³ ïîîäèíîê³ áäæîëè. ïîâå÷åðÿºìî ³ ÿ çàñï³âàþ òîá³ êîëèñêîâèõ. Òè æ Óñå äîâêîëà æèâå íåíü÷èíîþ ïðèñóòí³ñòþ. Îñü ìèíóëîãî ðàçó ïðîñèâ…” ³ ñàïà, çàëèøåíà Äå òàì óæå äî íåþ, îíäå ãðàáå- âå÷åð³! Ïåðåïîâ³âøè ëüêè, ïåâíî, ùå ñ³ëüñüê³ íîâèíè òà ò³ëüêè-íî çàê³í- ïðèãàäàâøè ñâî¿ òðè- ÷èëà ïðàöþ é ï³- âîæí³ ñíè, íåíüêà óñ³- øëà ïðèïîðàòè äàºòüñÿ êðàé ñòîëó, õàòíº ãîñïîäàð- ñõðåùóº íà ãðóäÿõ ðó- ñòâî. Äå âæå òàì êè, ³ â ñóò³íêàõ ñâ³òëèö³ äî ðîçãëÿäèí! çðèíàþòü ïîåòè÷í³ îáðà- Íåâòðèìíå çè: ñóì’ÿòòÿ ïîâíèòü Îé, ëþëþ-ëþëþ! çãîðüîâàíó äóøó Ï³øëà áàáà ïî òðåïåòíèì ³ íåâ- öèáóëþ, ïîê³éëèâèì áà- À ä³ä ïî ïåòðóøêó – æàííÿì øâèäêî¿ Çàêðèøèòè ä³òÿì çóñòð³÷³. Îäøó- þøêó… êóþ ç³ çâîðîòíî- Õàòà íàøà óðàç îæè- ãî áîêó çàêðèâà- âàº ñïîãàäàìè: çäàº- ÷êó, ³ çàäàâí³ëà òüñÿ, áóëî öå íå òàê ðîêàìè õâ³ðòêà ïîñêðèïóº õðèïêèì ãîëîñîì –â óæå é äàâíî –ïîñêðèïóº íà âåðâå÷êàõ êîëèñêà, à îá³éñòÿíèõ ïðèñìåðêàõ, ùî âæå âñòèãëè ðîçñóñ³äèòèñü íàä íåþ äçâåíèòü, íà÷å ë³ñîâå äæåðåëî, ìàìèíà äîâê³ë õàòè, áà÷ó íàéäîðîæ÷ó ïîñòàâó. Ïðèñ³âøè íà ìåëîçâóêà: ïîðîç³ ³ ñõèëèâøè ãîëîâó, çàæóðåíî ñïî÷èâàº íåíüêà. À-à, ëþëå÷êè! Êð³çü ïðî÷èíåíå â³êíî äîíîñèòüñÿ òèõà ìåëîä³ÿ, ÿêà, Øîâêîâ³¿ âåðâå÷êè, çíàþ, çàâøå áåíòåæèëà ¿¿ ÷óòëèâó äóøó: Çîëîò³¿ áèëüöÿ, Ð³äíà ìàòè ìîÿ, òè íî÷åé íå äîñïàëà… Ñð³áí³ êîëîê³ëüöÿ, Àáè çíåíàöüêà íå ïîòðèâîæèòè ¿¿, óäàâàíî Ìàëüîâàíà êîëèñî÷êî, ïîêàõèêóþ ³ áà÷ó, ÿê óðàç çâîäèòüñÿ ñèâà ãîëîâà, Çàñíè, ìàëà äèòèíî÷êî!” ñïëåñêóþòü äîëîí³ ³ ïðîð³çóº òèøó ìàìèíà îêëè÷êà: Êîëèñêîâà ï³ñíÿ. Ñê³ëüêè ¿õ ñòâîðèâ íàðîäíèé “Ñèíî÷îê, ì³é äîðîãåíüêèé!…” ãåí³é! Öåé îñîáëèâèé ôîëüêëîðíèé æàíð ïîçíà÷åíèé Êèäàþ íà ñïîðèø ïîõ³äíó âàë³çó ³ ïîñï³øàþ âèñîêèì ïîåòè÷íèì ñâ³òîñïðèéíÿòòÿì, ãëèáèíîþ äî íåíüêè, ùîá íå çàâäàòè ¿é êëîïîò³â –çíàþ, ÿê ìåëîä³éíîãî çâó÷àííÿ, áàãàòñòâîì îáðàç³â. Ëàã³äíèé

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 18 ìàòåðèí ñï³â çàñ³âàâ äèòÿ÷ó äóøó ëþáîâ’þ äî ëþäåé, “Àÿêæå, âîíà îí òàì, íà ãîðèù³ âèñèòü. Ñïîêîíâ³ê ó äî ïðèðîäè, äî óñüîãî æèâîãî. Ï³ä ñï³â íåíü÷èíî¿ íàðîä³ ³ñíóâàâ çâè÷àé: âèéøëó ç óæèòêó êîëèñêó í³êîëè ï³ñí³ âèðîñòàëè ïîåòè ³ êîìïîçèòîðè, õë³áîðîáè ³ íå âèêèäàëè íà çâàëîê, ¿¿ áåðåãëè äîòè, äîêè ëþäè çàõèñíèêè ð³äíî¿ çåìë³, ô³ëîñîôè òà ìóäðåö³, ïðîñòî æèëè â îñ³äë³…” - “À ç ÿêîãî äåðåâà ðîáèëè ¿õ?”- “²ç ëþäè. ßêáè íå ìàìèíà ï³ñíÿ, ñêàçàâ ÿêîñü îäèí ðåâ- êëåíà, êàëèíè àáî ÿñåíÿ, ùîá ä³òè áóëè äóæèìè òà íèé ³ñòîðèê, ÿêèì óáîãèì áóëî á íàøå æèòòÿ. ñï³âî÷èìè. À äëÿ ÷îãî òîá³ óñå öå òðåáà çíàòè, àäæå Àé-íó, ëþë³-ëþë³, çàðàç ìàéæå í³õòî íå êîðèñòóºòüñÿ íèìè?”- ², íå Íàëåò³ëè ç ïîëÿ ãóë³ äî÷åêàâøèñü â³äïîâ³ä³, äîäàº: “Òè ïî ñâ³òàõ óæå áóâàâ, Òà é ïîñ³ëè íà âîðîòàõ ç áàãàòüìà ëþäüìè çóñòð³÷àâñÿ, òî ñêàæè ìåí³: ÷è Ó ÷åðâîíèõ òà ÷îáîòÿõ… âì³þòü òåïåð³øí³ ìîëîäèö³ ñï³âàòè êîëèñêîâèõ?” Ñïèòü íàòðóäæåíå ñåëî, ò³ëüêè ó íàø³é õàò³ Âàæêî ç³òõàþ. Ùî â³äïîâ³ñòè ¿é? É òóò æå äîï³çíà ïîáëèìêóº âîãíèê. ×³ïêà íå ïî ë³òàõ íåíü÷èíà çãàäóþ íåäàâíþ ³ñòîð³þ. ßêîñü äîâåëîñÿ áóòè â ïàì’ÿòü äáàéëèâî ðîçñíîâóº çîëîò³ íèò³ íàðîäíî¿ îäí³º¿ ìîëîäî¿ ðîäèíè ç íàãîäè íàðîäæåííÿ ïîåç³¿, ³ äçâåíÿòü âîíè, íåìîâ ñòðóíè áàíäóðè, ¿õíüîãî ïåðâ³ñòêà. Òóðáîòëèâà ìàòè íå æèâîþ ìîâîþ ïîêîë³íü. Êîæíà ïðèáåðåæåíà ñïóñêàëà ç ðóê íåìîâëÿòêî. Òà öå é ñï³âàíî÷êà îääçåðêàëþº ïîåòè÷íîþ çðîçóì³ëî – äèòèíà, ÿêó òàê äàâíî íåïîâòîðí³ñòþ, êàçêîâèì äèâîñâ³òîì, ÷åêàëè, ïðèíåñëà â ¿õíº æèòòÿ íåâè- äèòèííèì ñâ³òîñïðèéíÿòòÿì îáðàç³â: ìîâíó ðàä³ñòü ³ âò³õó. Áàòüêî ç öüîãî “Áóäå ëèñòÿ ç äóáà îïàäàòè òà ñè- ïðèâîäó íàâ³òü êèíóâ ïàëèòè, ùîá, ÿê íî÷êà çàáàâëÿòè”, “áóäå äîùèê ³òè, âèñëîâèâñÿ â³í, “³ äóõîì öèãàðêîâèì äèòèíó êóïàòè”, “áóäå ñîíå÷êî ñ³ÿòè, íå ïàõëî â ê³ìíàò³”. ÷åðåç ëèñòÿ çàãëÿäàòè ³ ñèíî÷êà Äèòèí³ éøîâ øîñòèé ì³ñÿöü, ³ ö³ëóâàòè”, “áóäóòü ïòàøêè ïðèë³òàòè, âîíà áåçïîìèëêîâî ï³çíàâàëà ñâîþ äèòèíîíüêó ãîäóâàòè”… ìàìó, òÿãëàñÿ, ñïëåñêóþ÷è äîëîíü- Âñëóõàþñÿ â ïîåòè÷í³ îáðàçè êàìè, äî íàéäîðîæ÷î¿ ¿é ëþäèíè. êîëèñêîâèõ ³ óÿâëÿþ íåìîâëÿòêî, êîòðå Ïðèéøîâ ÷àñ íà ñïî÷èíîê. Ìîëîäà ïîêë³ïóº â³ÿìè,- äð³ìîòà-ñîí õîäèòü á³ëÿ ãîñïîäèíÿ, ñïîâèâøè íåìîâëÿ, óêëàëà â³êîí, çàãëÿäàº ó øèáè, à òàì, íà éîãî â êîëèñî÷êó ³ ïî÷àëà êîëèõàòè. âîðîòÿõ, ñòî¿òü ê³ò ó ÷åðâîíèõ ÷îáîòÿõ, Òà ñê³ëüêè íå äîêëàäàëà çóñèëü, ïåð- ëåãåíüêèì ïîìàõîì êðèë ïòàõè ïîçà â³ñòî÷îê í³ÿê íå ì³ã çàñíóòè –êðóòèâñÿ, òî÷êîì ïðèíîñÿòü êàøêó ç ìîëî÷êîì, ò³ëüêè õíèêàâ, áóöüêàâñÿ í³æêàìè. “À âè çîçóëÿ, ïðèìîñòèâøèñü íà ïîêóò³, íå ïîñï³øàº - ñïðîáóéòå çàñï³âàòè êîëèñêîâî¿”,-ç³ðâàëîñÿ õî÷å ñïëåñòè òóãîãî áàðâèñòîãî â³íî÷êà ç ðóòè-ì’ÿòè, â ìåíå, òà ãîñïîäèíÿ çíèçàëà ïëå÷èìà: ìîâëÿâ, õðåùàòîãî áàðâ³íêó é çàïàøíèõ âàñèëå÷ê³â òà äåñü íå çíàþ ³ íå âì³þ… äàëåêî-äàëåêî âèðÿäæàºòüñÿ êîçàê ó â³éñüêî, ùîá Ï³ä öåé ÷àñ, ñïîðàâøèñü íà êóõí³, äî ê³ìíàòè òàòàðèí-áóñóðìàí íå çàïîëîíèâ ñåñòðèöþ. “Õóäîæí³ óâ³éøëà áàáóñÿ. Âîíà äáàéëèâî îêèíóëà îíó÷à îáðàçè â êîëèñêîâèõ ï³ñíÿõ íå÷èñëåíí³, -ïðèõîäèòü ïîãëÿäîì, òèõöåì ïðèñ³ëà á³ëÿ íüîãî, íàõèëèëàñÿ ³ íà ñïîìèí âèñë³â ç ìîíîãðàô³÷íîãî äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðî ï³ä ìîíîòîííå ïîãîéäóâàííÿ çàñï³âàëà í³æíó êîëèñà- öåé ñâîºð³äíèé æàíð,- àëå âñ³ âîíè âèïèñàí³ ïåíçëåì íî÷êó: ùåäðî¿ ëþáîâ³. Òóò áà÷èìî êîòà, çîçóëþ, ñîí, äèòèíó, Ëþë³-ëþë³, äèòèíî, áàòüêà. À íàä óñ³ìà íèìè –âåëè÷íèé îáðàç æ³íêè- Ïî¿äåìî ïî ñ³íî, ìàòåð³, í³æíå ñåðöå ÿêî¿ ïåðåïîâíåíå áåçìåæíîþ Â³çüìåì òåáå ³ç ñîáîþ. ëþáîâ’þ äî äèòèíè”. Òè òàì áóäåø êîí³ ïàñòè, Êðàºì îêà îãëÿäàþ ñâîëîê. Îí òàì, ³ç À ìè áóäåì ñ³íî êëàñòè… âèøìóëåíîþ çàçóáðèíîþ, ùå é äîñ³, îáìàùåíèé Ìàëþê óðàç ïðèòèõ, óãàìóâàâñÿ. Éîãî ñâ³òë³ é á³ëîþ ãëèíîþ, ãîðáàò³º ñêîáëèê –íà íüîìó íå îäíå äîâ³ðëèâ³ î÷³ ðîçãóáèëè íàïðóãó, çàñïîêî¿ëèñü, ³ ïî ë³òî âèãîéäóâàëàñü êîëèñêà. Ïîðó÷ ðÿá³º ãóñòå ïëåòèâî âñüîìó âèäíî áóëî, ÿê íàïëèâàº, íåìîâ âå÷³ðí³é òóìàí, çàðóáîê –çà äàâí³ì çâè÷àºì, êîëè íàðîäæóâàëàñü äð³ìîòà, ïîâ³êè ïî÷àëè çëèïàòèñÿ. À áàáóñÿ, äèòèíà, ðîáèëè ñâîºð³äí³ ìåòðèêè-ì³òêè. Êîæíà òàêà âèñï³âàâøè îäíó, ïåðåéøëà íà ³íøó, ùå ñïîê³éí³øó ïîçíà÷êà ñèìâîë³çóâàëà ïîïîâíåííÿ ðîäó. Êð³çü êîëèõàíî÷êó: ïåëåíó òóìàíó çãàäóþ ³ ñâîþ ïðè÷åòí³ñòü. “Òîáîþ,- Îé íà êîòà-âîðêîòà, íà÷å çäîãàäóºòüñÿ íåíüêà ïðî ìî¿ ìèñë³,-é çàâåðøèâñÿ Íà äèòèíó –äð³ìîòà, êîëèñêîâèé ð³ä…” “Ö³êàâî,- áåðóòü íåâòÿìêè,- ÷è À-à, ëþë³! çáåðåãëîñÿ õî÷ ùîñü ç öüîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà?” Ìàòè Íå âñèãëè ìè çîãëåä³òèñü, ÿê íåìîâëÿòêî, óñì³õàºòüñÿ, ³ î÷³ ¿¿ ïîéìàþòüñÿ íåâèìîâíîþ ðàä³ñòþ: ñîëîäêî ïîñîïóþþ÷è, óæå äð³ìàëî. Ë³òíÿ æ³íêà, çáàâ-

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 19 ëÿþ÷è òîí ³ ïðèòèøóþ÷è âèêîëèõè, ïåðåõîäèëà íà ç âíóêîì “Ñîëîâóøêà”. Äàé Âàì Áîã çäîðîâ’ÿ ùå ëåãêó, ëåäü-ëåäü óëîâèìó ìåëîä³þ. Çà õâèëèíó- äðóãó ïîñï³âàòè ïîäîâøå, ùîá îñòàëàñÿ ïàì’ÿòü ïðî Âàñ ó ìàëÿ ñïàëî ãëèáîêèì ñíîì. îíóêàõ íà âñå æèòòÿ…” ß ïîäóìàâ: îñü âîíà, çàãàäêà é âîäíîðàç Êîëèñêîâ³, ÿê âèñîêîïîåòè÷íèé æàíð íàðîä- â³äãàäêà ìàã³÷íîñò³ êîëèñêîâî¿ ï³ñí³. Öåé íåâèáàãëèâèé, íî¿ òâîð÷îñò³, çäàâíà ïðèâåðòàëè ïèëüíó óâàãó äîñë³ä- àëå íàäì³ðó ïîåòè÷íèé æàíð íàðîäíî¿ òâîð÷îñò³ òà¿òü íèê³â ³ ìàéñòð³â õóäîæíüîãî ñëîâà. Âïåðøå çàïèñ ó ñîá³ ùå íå äî ê³íöÿ âèâ÷åí³ íàìè òàéíèêè íàðîäíîãî êîëèñêîâî¿ “Îé õîäèòü ñîí êîëî â³êîí” ç’ÿâèâñÿ â äîñâ³äó. Â ãîì³íêîìó ïîâñÿêäåíí³ ìè, ñàì³ òîãî íå àëüìàíàñ³ “Ðóñàëêà Äí³ñòðîâàÿ” (1838). Çãîäîì öèêëè óñâ³äîìëþþ÷è, ëèøèëè íà îáî÷èí³ êðàù³ çðàçêè ï³ñåíü ÷è îêðåì³ òâîðè âõîäèëè äî çá³ðíèê³â Ì. òðàäèö³éíî¿ åòíîïåäàãîã³êè, íåâïèííî êèíóëèñÿ Ìàêñèìîâè÷à, À. Ìåòëèíñüêîãî, ß. Ãîëîâàöüêîãî, çàïîçè÷óâàòè ³ìïîðòí³ ñòàíäàðòè “ïðèñêîðåíîãî Ìàðêà Âîâ÷êà, Ì. Íîìèñà, Á. Ãð³í÷åíêà òà ³í. Íå âèõîâàííÿ” ä³òåé, ïîçáàâëÿþ÷è öèì ñàìèì ïðèðîäíèõ, îá³éøëè óâàãîþ öåé æàíð ³ êîìïîçèòîðè: ìåëîä³ÿìè âèðîáëåíèõ ñòîë³òòÿìè, íàéäîö³ëüí³øèõ åëåìåíò³â êîëèñêîâèõ çàõîïëþâàëèñÿ Ñ. Ãóëàê-Àðòåìîâñüêèé, ². åòèêè é åñòåòèêè. Ïðîòå íå çàâæäè òàêèé ïîñï³õ Êîëåñà, Ê. Êâ³òêà. Äî ðå÷³, îñòàíí³é ç ãîëîñó Ëåñ³ âèïðàâäàíèé. ×è ìîæíà, ñêàæ³ìî, ñïðîùóâàòè, “ïðî- Óêðà¿íêè çàïèñàâ ê³ëüêà íàðîäíèõ ìåëîä³é. Òà é ñàìà ãðåñóâàòè”, çðåøòîþ, ñêîðî÷óâàòè âèõîâí³ ìåòîäè, ïîåòåñà íàäàâàëà öüîìó æàíðîâ³ âåëèêîãî çíà÷åííÿ, âèçíà÷åí³ ñàìîþ ïðèðîäîþ, á³îëîã³÷íîþ äîö³ëüí³ñòþ? íàâ³òü ñàìà ïèñàëà õóäîæí³ òåêñòè, îäèí ç ÿêèõ – Â³çüì³ìî äî óâàãè õî÷ áè òàêå: ç ÿêîþ íàñòèðëèâ³ñòþ ³ ”Êîëèñêîâà”- ñòàâ õðåñòîìàò³éíèì: ïîñë³äîâí³ñòþ â÷èìî ä³òåé ïåðøèõ ñë³â “ìàìî” ³ “òàòî” Ì³ñÿöü ÿñíåñåíüêèé àáî íàâ÷àºìî ðîáèòè ïåðø³ êðîêè. Õòî íàâàæèòüñÿ Ïðîì³íü òèõåñåíñüêèé çíåõòóâàòè ÷è ïîçáóòèñÿ öèõ ìåòîä³â? Òèì ÷àñîì, íà Êèíóâ íà íàñ. æàëü, â³äíåäàâíà âèéøëî ç óæèòêó, ïðèçàáóëîñÿ, ùî Ñïè æ òè, ìàëåñåíüêèé, ïîïåðåäíèêîì öèõ ïîâ÷àíü áóëè êîëèñêîâ³ ï³ñí³. Ï³çíèé-áî ÷àñ… Íåäàðìà êàæóòü: ï³ñíÿ –äóøà íàðîäó. ×è íå Òà ïîâåðí³ìîñÿ äî ìîâëåíîãî âèùå -÷è áàãàòî òîìó íàðîäíèé äîñâ³ä ç òàêîþ çàïîâçÿòëèâ³ñòþ ó ñó÷àñíèõ ìàòåð³â çíàþòü êîëèñêîâ³? Íå ïîãð³øèìî íàéìîëîäøîìó â³ö³ ïðîïîíóâàâ äèòèí³ íàñàìïåðåä ³ñòèíîþ, êîëè ñêàæåìî: ìàéæå íå çíàþòü. ² âèíèòè â ï³ñíþ. ×àñ â³ä ÷àñó íà ïîëèöÿõ êíèãàðåíü ç’ÿâëÿþòüñÿ öüîìó ëèøå ìàòåð³â íå äîâîäèòüñÿ. Çâ³äêè ¿õ âçÿòè, òîâñòåëåçí³ òîìè ìîíîãðàô³÷íèõ ðîçðîáîê ïðî äå íàâ÷èòèñÿ öèõ âèõîâàâ÷èõ ôîðì ìîëîäèì áàòüêàì? åñòåòè÷íå âèõîâàííÿ ä³òåé. Ó ñóõèõ, ïî÷àñòè â³ä³ðâàíèõ Ñêàæ³ìî, çà ïîâîºíí³ ðîêè âèäàâíèöòâî “Ìóçè÷íà â³ä æèòòÿ òðàêòàòàõ ïðîïîâ³äóþòüñÿ “ïðîïèñí³ ³ñòèíè”, Óêðà¿íà”, ÿêîìó, äî ðå÷³, é ãîäèëîñÿ á ñòàòè â äîáð³é íàäóìàí³ â êàá³íåòíèõ çàòèøêàõ àáî ùå ã³ðøå –ç³éøëè ïðèãîä³, âèïóñòèëî â ñâ³ò ëèøå äâ³ íåâåëèêèõ çá³ðî÷êè. ç âóñò ëþäåé, êîòð³ é ñàì³ í³êîëè íå âèõîâóâàëè ä³òåé. Îñòàííÿ- “Ìàëüîâàíà êîëèñî÷êà” âèéøëà çàãàëüíèì “Âèõîâàííÿ,- ïèñàâ âåëèêèé çíàâåöü äèòÿ÷î¿ òèðàæåì àæ… òðèíàäöÿòü òèñÿ÷. Âàæêî çðîçóì³òè, íà ïñèõîëîã³¿ Âàñèëü Ñóõîìëèíñüêèé,-öå íàñàìïåðåä ÿêó àóäèòîð³þ ðîçðàõîâóâàëè âèäàâö³, êîëè óêëàäàëè ëþäèíîçíàâñòâî. Áåç ðîçóì³ííÿ äèòèíè, ¿¿ ðîçóìîâîãî âèðîáíè÷³ ïëàíè –ï³ñåííèê ñòàâ òóò æå ðîçâèòêó, ìèñëåííÿ, çàö³êàâëåíü, çàõîïëåíü, á³áë³îãðàô³÷íîþ ð³äê³ñòþ. çä³áíîñòåé, íàõèë³â, ìð³éëèâîñò³- íåìàº âèõîâàííÿ”. Öå ñòîñóºòüñÿ íå ëèøå êîëèñêîâèõ. Äàâàéòå Ñåðåä áàãàòüîõ ôàêòîð³â, ÿê³ îñîáëèâî âïëèâàþòü íà çàìèñëèìîñÿ íàä òèì, ÿêèé ï³ñåííèé áàãàæ ìàºìî ó âèõîâàííÿ ä³òåé, â³í ó ïåðøèé ðÿä ñòàâèâ ìàìèíó ñâîºìó ïîâñÿêäåíí³. Íà ãîì³íêèõ âóëèöÿõ, à òåïåð óæå ï³ñíþ, âèñï³âàíó íàä êîëèñêîþ ñâîãî íåìîâëÿòêà. ³ â ñåëàõ, ó çàòèøíèõ ì³ñüêèõ ê³ìíàòàõ, ìîëîä³æíèõ Íå îáîâ’ÿçêîâî áóòè âåëèêèì çíàâöåì, ùîá êëóáàõ ëèíå ïîò³ê ³ìïîðòíî¿ ìóçèêè, ÷óæèõ òåêñò³â. â³ä÷óòè ãëèáèíó ìàìèíî¿ ï³ñí³. Ùå ðàç óâàæíî Íàòîì³ñòü âèõîäÿòü ç óæèòêó, ïðèçàáóâàþòüñÿ ñïðàâæí³ â÷èòàéìîñÿ ó íàâåäåí³ âèùå çðàçêè ³ íåîäì³ííî íàðîäí³ øåäåâðè íàøèõ ìàòåð³â ³ áàáóñü. â³ä÷óºìî íåíàâ’ÿçëèâó ôîðìó, ìåëîäèêó ñëîâà ³ Çãàäóºòüñÿ îäèí âèïàäîê. Ç³áðàëèñÿ ãîñò³ äî ìóçèêè, áàãàòþùó îáðàçí³ñòü, íåïåðåâåðøåíó ïîåòèêó ñâîãî êîëåãè â³äçíà÷èòè äåíü íàðîäæåííÿ. Ïðîãî- ³, íàñàìïåðåä, ëþáîâ äî ïðèðîäè, ³ñòîð³¿, ìàòåð³ -îñü ëîñèëè òîñòè çà çäîðîâ’ÿ ãîñïîäàðÿ, ïîáàæàëè éîìó ñàìå ò³ ÷èííèêè, êîòð³ ðàçîì ç íåíü÷èíèì ìîëîêîì “ç ðîñè òà ç âîäè”, ïåðåéøëè íà ñïîãàäè. “Äàâàéòå ìàº çàñâîþâàòè ç ïåðøèõ äí³â ìàëåíüêà äèòèíà. õî÷ çàñï³âàºìî,- çàïðîïîíóâàëà íåâäîâç³ ãîñïîäèíÿ,- Îëåêñàíäð Äîâæåíêî ó ïóáë³öèñòè÷íîìó åñå ÿêîñü áåç ï³ñí³ é ñâÿòî íå ñâÿòî. Ò³ëüêè òàêî¿, ùîá óñ³ “Óêðà¿íñüêà ï³ñíÿ”, íàïèñàíîìó â ãð³çíîìó 1942 ð. äëÿ çíàëè”. Ñïðîáóâàëè. “Íåñå Ãàëÿ âîäó”-íå âèéøëî, ðàäÿíñüêèõ âî¿í³â, â³äçíà÷èâ: “ßêà ìàòè íå ñï³âàëà îäðàçó æ íà äðóãîìó êóïëåò³ òðàïèëàñü çàìèíêà. Õòîñü öèõ ëåãêèõ, ÿê ñîí, ï³ñåíü íàä êîëèñêîþ äîðîãèõ ä³òåé çàâ³â “Ïî ñàäî÷êó õîäæó”, àëå é ç ö³ºþ íå âïîðàëèñü; ñâî¿õ?” ² ìîâáè ïðîäîâæåííÿ öüîãî –óðèâîê ç ëèñòà çàáðàêëî ñë³â ç ï³ñåíü “×îì òè íå ïðèéøîâ”, “Òàì, äå äî íåíüêè: “ß äóæå ùàñëèâèé, ìàìî, ùî Âè â ìåíå º ßòðàíü êðóòî â’ºòüñÿ”, “Ïîñ³ÿëà îã³ðî÷êè”. “À â ìåíå º äåñü, ùî Âè æèâ³, ùî ó Âàñ ùå ÿñíà ïàì’ÿòü ³ Âè ñï³âàºòå êíèæêà “Íàðîäí³ ïåðëèíè”,-çãàäàâ ³ìåíèííèê ³ âèòÿã

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 20 ïðèïîðîøåíèé çàòèøí³é ñâ³òëèö³ âåäåìî íåêâàïíó ðîçìîâó ç ìàò³ð’þ ï³ñåííèê, îä- íàøî¿ ñï³âà÷êè. Àíòîí³íà ²ëüê³âíà çàæóðåíî ðîçïîâ³äàº êðèâ ïåðøó ïðî òÿæê³ ïîâîºíí³ ë³òà. Íå áàãàòüîì ÷îëîâ³êàì ïîùàñòèëî ñòîð³íêó ³ ñòàâ ÷èòàòè âñòóïíå ñëîâî Ì. Ñòåëü- âåðíóòèñÿ ç âîºííèõ äîð³ã, ³ îáòÿæëèâ³ êëîïîòè ëÿãëè ìàõà: “Â³êè ìóæíîñò³ ³ çâèòÿãè, â³êè ç øàáëåþ â íà ïëå÷³ æ³íîê. “Â³çüìó, áóâàëî, ñâîº ñ³ìåéñòâî,-çãàäóº áîÿõ ³ çà ïëóãîì íà êðîâ³þ ïîëèòîìó ïîë³, â³êè ìàòè,-à âîíî â ìåíå ÷èìàëåíüêå- äâàíàäöÿòåðî ä³òî÷îê- ìóê íà íåâîëüíè÷èõ òîðãîâèöÿõ òðüîõ ìàòåðèê³â ³ éäåìî â ïîëå ïîëîòè ëüîí, ñàïàòè êàðòîïëþ ÷è â’ÿçàòè ³ â³êè áîðîòüáè ïðîòè òàòàðñüêèõ, òóðåöüêèõ, ñíîïè. Ñòàðøåíüê³ äîïîìàãàþòü ìåí³, ìåíøåíüê³ ãðàþòüñÿ íîãàéñüêèõ òà ³íøèõ îðä, â³êè íàä³¿ â î÷àõ ³ ñëüîçè â çàò³íêó. À ùîá äåíü íå ñòÿãàâñÿ, ðîçáàâëÿºìî éîãî íà â³ÿõ, â³êè æóðáè â ñåðö³ ³ íåñêîðåíî¿ äóìè íà ï³ñíÿìè. Ñåðåäóëüøà Í³íà âæå òîä³ â³äçíà÷àëàñÿ ÷îë³, ãðîçîâ³ íî÷³ ïîâñòàíü ³ òóãîþ ïåðåñíîâàí³ äí³ äèâîâèæíèì ãîëîñîì. Îä³éäå, áóâàëî, íà ê³íåöü ãîí³â æ³íî÷îãî ÷åêàííÿ, ä³âî÷î¿ â³ðíîñò³ -òàêà íàøà íàðîäíà òà é çàòÿãíå ÿêóñü ñï³âàíî÷êó, íåìîâ ñð³áíèé äçâ³íî÷îê ï³ñíÿ”. çëèâàºòüñÿ ç ¿¿ âóñò. Ëþäè çàâæäè ïðîñèëè Í³íó ïîñï³âàòè, Ïî÷åðãîâî ãîðòàëè ñòîð³íêè, â³äíîâëþþ÷è â ïðèêàçóþ÷è: “Âèéäå ç òåáå ïóòüîâà ñï³âà÷êà!” Òà é óäîìà ïàì’ÿò³ â³äîì³ ç äèòèíñòâà òåêñòè. Àëå âàðòî áóëî çàêðèòè â íàñ çàâæäè íå ðîçëó÷àëèñÿ ç ï³ñíåþ”. êíèãó, ÿê ï³ñíÿ ïðèòóõàëà. Óâ³ìêíóëè íàòîì³ñòü ðàä³îëó, Ö³êàâëþñü, ÷è, áóâà, íå ïðèáåðåãëàñÿ êîëèñî÷êà, ³ õàòà íàïîâíèëàñü ìîäåðíèì äæàçîâèì âèëÿñêîì. Òàê â ÿê³é âèãîéäàëîñÿ ñò³ëüêè ä³òî÷îê. “Àÿêæå, º,-óñì³õàºòüñÿ ³ äîêîíàëè âå÷³ð, à êîëè çáèðàëèñÿ ïî äîì³âêàõ, äî æ³íêà,-îíäå â êóòî÷êó ïðèêðèòà ðÿá÷óíöåì. Ñê³ëüêè ìîëîäîãî òîâàðèñòâà ï³ä³éøëà ë³òíÿ æ³íêà, ùî ïðè¿õàëà âèñï³âàëà ÿ íàä íåþ êîëèñêîâèõ. Óæå ÿê ï³äðîñëà Í³íà, ç ñåëà íà ñèíîâ³ ³ìåíèíè. “×óëà ÿ òàì, íà êóõí³, ÿê âè âîíà äîïîìàãàëà ìåí³ âèêîëèõóâàòè ä³òî÷îê. Çàëèøó ¿¿ òðåíóâàëèñÿ, àëå æîäíî¿ ï³ñí³ ïî-ñïðàâæíüîìó é íå âäîìà ç ìåíøåíüêèìè, ³ âîíà ö³ë³ñ³íüêèé äåíü áàâèòüñÿ çàñï³âàëè. Çàáóäüêóâàòèìè ñòàëè ÷îìóñü, ä³òêè ìî¿. À ç íèìè, íàñï³âóþ÷è êîëèñêîâèõ…” ìè, êîëè áóëè ìîëîäèìè, ñê³ëüêè ¿õ çíàëè…”- “Òî, ìîæå,- Äèâëþñÿ íà íåõèòðèé ðóêîòâîðíèé âèð³á ³ äîêèíóâ ñë³âöå íàéïîâàæí³øèé ã³ñòü,- ïîñï³âàºòå íàì äóìàþ: ÿêáè íå ìàìèíà ï³ñíÿ íàä ö³ºþ êîëèñêîþ, õòî òðîõè?”- “×îãî æ, ìîæíà”,-óñì³õíóëàñÿ æ³íî÷êà ³ çàâåëà çíà, ÷è ìàëè á ìè çìîãó äèâóâàòèñÿ ÷óäîâèì ñï³âîì ì’ÿêèì ãîëîñîì: Í³íè Ìàòâ³ºíêî, ïðî ùî âîíà é ñàìà ñòâåðäæóº: “Óñ³ì, Çåëåíåº æèòî, çåëåíå, ùî äîñÿãëà ÿ â ï³ñí³, çàâäÿ÷óþ ò³ëüêè ñâî¿é äîáð³é íåíüö³. Õîðîø³¿ ãîñò³ ó ìåíå, Öå æ âîíà íàâ÷èëà ìåíå íå ò³ëüêè ñï³âàòè, àëå é ëþáèòè Çåëåíåº æèòî áóäó æàòè – íàøó ïðåêðàñíó ï³ñíþ!” Õîðîø³¿ ãîñò³ äî õàòè… ×è íå â³ä òîãî, ùî ìè ñâîãî ÷àñó ïðèçàáóëè Ïîò³ì ùå îäí³º¿, ³ ùå, ³ äîâãî-äîâãî ðîçëèâàëèñÿ ìàìèíó ï³ñíþ íàä êîëèñêîþ, íàø³ ä³òè òàê ëåãêî, ç òàêîþ òóæëèâ³ é âåñåë³, æàðò³âëèâ³ é âåëè÷àëüí³ ï³ñí³. Ïî âñüîìó áàéäóæ³ñòþ îäöóðàëèñÿ îä íàðîäíîãî ìåëîñó ³ ñòàëè áóëî âèäíî, ùî íàñòð³é ó ãîñòåé ïîêðàùàâ, ì³æ åï³ãîíàìè, ã³ðøå òîãî, ïîïóëÿðèçàòîðàìè ÷óæîãî, íåð³äêî òîâàðèñòâîì ç’ÿâèëàñü íåâèìóøåí³ñòü, òåïëîòà. “² ÿê âè ìàéæå íå çðîçóì³ëîãî, à òî é øê³äëèâîãî ìóçèêóâàííÿ. ¿õ ñò³ëüêè ïàì’ÿòàºòå?- íå âãàâàâ òîé æå ÷îëîâ³ê.- Òðåáà Óæå ñòàëè êðèëàòèìè ñëîâà ç ï³ñí³, íàïèñàíî¿ æ ïàì’ÿòü òàêó ìàòè!”- “Óñå öå ä³ëî íàæèâíå,-îäêàçàëà Âàñèëåì Ñèìîíåíêîì: “Ìîæíà âñå íà ñâ³ò³ âèáèðàòè, áàáóñÿ,-ïðîñòî ñï³âàéòå ÷àñò³øå, à íå ñëóõàéòå îòó ñèíó, âèáðàòè íå ìîæíà ò³ëüêè Áàòüê³âùèíó”. Íàéñâÿò³øå êîðîáêó… À ïàì’ÿòü, ä³òêè ìî¿, ñïðàâä³ òðåáà ìàòè, ïàì’ÿòü äëÿ íàñ ïî÷óòòÿ Áàòüê³âùèíè íåîäì³ííî àñîö³þºòüñÿ ç äî ñâî¿õ ï³ñåíü, ïåðåäàíèõ ìàòåðÿìè, áî ï³ñíÿ çàâæäè ìàìèíîþ ï³ñíåþ, ç òèì, ÿê “çàãëÿäàº â øèáó êàçêà ç áóëà ãóðò³âíè÷èì, âîíà çäðóæóâàëà ëþäåé ó íàéòÿæ÷³ ñèâèìè î÷èìà, ìàòåðèíñüêà äîáðà ëàñêà â íå¿ çà ÷àñè, ä³ëèëà ðàä³ñòü ³ ñìóòîê, ðîáèëà íàñ äóõîâíî ïëå÷èìà”. Òî æ íåõàé äèòÿ÷à óÿâà áàãàòøàº, õàé çàâæäè áàãàòøèìè…” ïðèë³òàþòü äî íàñ ³ íàøèõ ä³òåé ëåãêîêðèë³ ëåáåä³ ²ç âëàñíîãî äîñâ³äó òà ðîçïîâ³äåé â³äîìèõ ìàòåðèíñòâà, íåñó÷è êð³çü â³äñòàí³ é ðîêè íåçãàñíèé ñâ³ò ôîëüêëîðèñò³â, ÿê³ çàïèñóâàëè ï³ñí³, íàî÷íî ïåðåêî- êîëèñêîâèõ, âèñï³âàíèõ íåçðàäëèâèìè íåíü÷èíèìè íàâñÿ, ùî íàðîäí³ ïåðëèíè çäåá³ëüøîãî æèâóòü ëèøå â âóñòàìè, ïðî ùî ñâîãî ÷àñó âåëèêèé Øåâ÷åíêî ïèñàâ: ïàì’ÿò³ ë³òí³õ ëþäåé. Ìè äîáðå ïàì’ÿòàºìî, ñê³ëüêè Ó íàø³ì ðà¿ íà çåìë³ óí³êàëüíèõ ï³ñåíü âèõîïëåíî ³ç çàáóòòÿ â³ä íàøèõ ìàòåð³â. Í³÷îãî êðàùîãî íåìàº, Íåäàâíî ìåí³ âèïàëà íàãîäà ïîáóâàòè â ßê òàÿ ìàòè ìîëîäàÿ ãëèáèííîìó ïîë³ñüêîìó ñåë³ Íåä³ëèùàõ ªì³ëü÷èíñüêîãî Ç ñâî¿ì äèòÿòî÷êîì ìàëèì. ðàéîíó Æèòîìèðñüêî¿ îáëàñò³. Ñåëî çäàâíà ñëàâíå ² ùî á³ëüøå áóäå âèñï³âàíî êîëèñêîâèõ, òî ï³ñåííèì áàãàòñòâîì. Ïðè ñ³ëüñüêîìó êëóá³ ïðàöþº ê³ëüêà ùåäð³øèìè, äóõîâíî áàãàòøèìè ñòàíóòü íàø³ ä³òè, áî ãóðòê³â õóäîæíüî¿ ñàìîä³ÿëüíîñò³, ó÷àñíèêè ÿêèõ –ëþäè óñâîºí³ ç ìàòåðèíñüêèì ìîëîêîì íåïåðåõ³äí³ ö³ííîñò³, - ïîë³â. Î÷åâèäíî, íå âèïàäêîâî ùî ñàìå òóò íàðîäèâñÿ à ï³ñíÿ ñåðåä íèõ çàéìàº ïðîâ³äíå ì³ñöå,-äîïîìîæóòü ³ âèð³ñ òàêèé ìîãóòí³é òàëàíò, ÿê Í³íà Ìàòâ³ºíêî. Ó íàì âèõîâóâàòè íåçðàäëèâó ïàì’ÿòü ïðî ð³äíèé êðàé, ñâîþ Â³ò÷èçíó. Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 21 Knowledge of Our Past is a Road to Successful Future...

By Mykola LYTVYN, Doctor of History, department chair, I. Krypiakevych Institute TheThe PPoisonousoisonous FruitsFruits ofof HaHatrtreded of Ukrainian Studies, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “P“Populaopulationtion eexxchangchange”e” inin thethe mirrmirroror ofof hishistoricaltorical ffactsacts

A historian is neither a judge nor a prosecutor, just under the Kremlin’s watchful eye. The contracting parties a biased chronicler of the past. Yet professional documented undertook to evacuate from October 15, 1944, until Febru- chronicles can and must serve to restore historical memory ary 1, 1945, “all ethnic Ukrainians, Belarusians, Russians, and and help governments and honest politicians pursue a con- Ruthenians residing in the Chelm, Hrubieszow, Lubaczow, structive policy. This is precisely what the half a million Ukrai- Jaroslaw, Przemysl, Liskow, Zamosc, Krasnystaw, Bilgoraj, nians whom the totalitarian regimes of the USSR and Po- Wlodawa districts and other areas of Poland.” This was land forcibly deported from Poland to Soviet Ukraine in followed by the cynical statement, “The evacuation being 1944-1951 are demanding today. voluntary, no direct or indirect coercion shall be applied. The new architects of postwar Europe were very The evacuees are free to express their wish both orally and well aware of the Ukrainian national liberation movement in writing.” Yet the harsh reality of the so-called evacuation or, to use their notorious term, Ukrainian separatism. Oddly eclipsed the “voluntary nature” of the action and entailed enough, the geopolitical situation in Central and Eastern mass-scale compulsory deportations of Ukrainians from such Europe in 1944 was such that deportation of socially active ancient Ukrainian lands as the Sian, Kholm and Lemko re- Western Ukrainians was to the benefit of both the Lon- gions. Eastern Halychyna and Volyn Poles were also forc- don-based Polish government in exile and the USSR, with ibly resettled to German ethnic territories. its communist client-state in Poland. The Mykolajczyk gov- Today, researchers single out several stages of the ernment in exile sought to restore the Second Rzeczpospolita 1944-1951 deportations. During the first stage (October 15- within the borders that had existed between the two World December 31, 1944), the resettlement of a small number Wars. The pro-Soviet Polish National Liberation Committee, of exhausted people bore some semblance of voluntariness. formed in July 1944 in Moscow with Stalin’s approval and Yet the oncoming winter practically put an end to depar- ‘educated’ in the Moscow suburb of Barvikha, viewed the ture requests from northern Zakerzonnia (“beyond the deportation of Western Ukrainians as a tool to ensure sta- Curzon line”), while the southern districts ignored the ac- bility for a new monoethnic state. tion altogether. Then, in response to Polish underground Unfortunately, the US and British governments terror and by force of military circumstances and abuses agreed to the “exchange of populations,” including the on the part of the Polish authorities, who would close Ukrai- transfer of Ukrainians and Poles, because they still consid- nian schools and transfer churches to the Roman Catho- ered Poland a sphere of their geopolitical interests. The lics, 28,589 people left for Ukraine. The then leader of Kremlin in turn tried to suppress, by way of deportations, a Soviet Ukraine, Nikita Khrushchev, failed to implement the powerful bulwark of Ukrainian national liberation move- idea of establishing a separate Kholm oblast in Ukraine. As ment in the Carpathians, spearheaded by the exhausted is known, many requests of Ukrainians who were living but unvanquished Ukrainian Insurgent Army, the UPA. To beyond the Sian to incorporate their lands into Ukraine execute this sinister plan, Stalin attempted to use the obe- have been preserved in archives. dient Poles. On July 27, 1944, while the Red Army was The second stage of the deportations (January 1- stationed on the banks of the Sian River, the leader of the August 31, 1945) was timed to coincide with the advance Polish National Liberation Committee signed a secret agree- of the Red Army, which occupied the Sian and Lemko re- ment in Moscow about the Soviet-Polish border along the gions. This time, the people slated to leave were the Ukrai- “Curzon line.” The Poles even managed to cajole the dicta- nians whose houses and property had been destroyed during tor into ceding them quite a large territory east of this line, the hostilities against the Germans in the Lupkow and Duplian including the erstwhile princely cities of Peremyshl (Przemysl), passes and as a result of forays by the Polish underground. Yaroslav (Jaroslaw), and Kholm (Chelm). As early as Sep- Nevertheless, requests for resettlement in Soviet Ukraine tember 9 this same Polish committee signed an agreement practically came to a halt in the summer of 1945. Desperate in Lublin with Soviet Ukraine’s government on evacuating people fled to the woods and re-formed guerrilla units, the Ukrainian population from the territory of Poland, and while many youths were mobilized into the Red Army. Some Polish nationals from Ukraine. Clearly, this accord was signed families sought help from Roman Catholic churchmen and

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 22 Knowledge of Our Past is a Road to Successful Future... the administration of the Polish schools that their children to Germany or into Poland’s hinterland. were forced to attend. Many people lodged protests at the The fourth stage saw 154,000 people deported to time, for example, the residents of the village of Glomcza: the east. On the whole, the Polish totalitarian government “...Our homeland is here, and we are not going to leave. We deported about 482,000 Ukrainians in 1944-1946. Apart think the Ukrainian border should extend as far as Krynica.” from ordinary citizens, about 300 priests were also forcibly There were also other cries of desperation from Lemko resi- deported to Soviet Ukraine. The Polish government inter- dents: “If the Soviet Union does not want our land, then it preted the arrest and deportation to the USSR of Przemysl does not want us, so leave us alone.” bishop Josaphat Kotsylovsky as the abolition of the Przemysl As these Ukrainian acts of protest were foiling the Diocese. By 1947 there was not a single Greek Catholic evacuation plans, the 3rd, 8th, and 9th Infantry Divisions of church left in Przemysl. In 1947-1949 the state nationalized the Polish Army marched into the Liskow, Przemysl, Lubaczow the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church’s property, with many and Jaroslaw districts to help the local authorities clear the premises being leased out to the Roman Catholic Church. frontier of so- called “Ukrainian nationalists.” Thus, the use The overwhelming majority of deportees settled in the of Polish troops signaled the third stage of deportations western regions, and a third of them were moved to the (81,806 people) which lasted, by and large, from September eastern and southern parts of Soviet Ukraine. However, 1 to March 1946. The Polish troops in conjunction with some secret documents of the Soviet security forces say that the NKVD units deported most of the Ukrainians from Nadsiannia. flight of “those from behind the Curzon line” from the The slow pace of deportations in the Liskow, Lubaczow and east to the west of Poland, where individual farming pre- Sianoc districts triggered reprisals by UPA-West. The Ukrai- vailed, was of a hasty and mass- scale nature. This is why nian insurgents destroyed communications, fomented pro- the Council of People’s Commissars of Soviet Ukraine re- tests against the resettlement, and hampered the work of solved on October 16, 1945, to ban resettlement in Ukraine’s the evacuation commissions. To prevent Polish repatriates western regions. Yet the deportees continued to be settled from settling in the depopulated Ukrainian villages, the UPA without permission in Ternopil, Drohobych, Lviv and Volyn often burned these villages down. Among those who coura- oblasts. geously defended the frontier from the terror of the au- Finally, the Polish government’s Operation Vistula thorities and troops were the companies of Burlaka, (Akcja Wisla) in 1947, when at least 150,000 Ukrainians Hromenko, Krylach and Lastivka, mostly manned by local were deported to northern Poland, concluded ethnic cleans- residents. Attempts were also made, without apparent suc- ing in the eastern frontier. In the course of pre- planned cess, to make peace with the Armia Krajowa command. At ethnic cleansing of the frontier, the two totalitarian re- the fourth and final stage, the deportation of Ukrainians to gimes repeatedly revised the interstate border. For instance, Soviet Ukraine assumed the nature of ethnic cleansing, a during the new demarcations of the Polish-Ukrainian bor- fact that Polish officials still do not always accept. In the der in 1945-1948, Soviet Ukraine and Poland obtained 18.9 second half of 1945 and also in 1946, the Communist gov- sq. km. and 20.5 sq. km., respectively. Under the Soviet- ernment of Poland had no scruples about organizing a new Polish treaty of February 15, 1951, Poland received another “pacification,” burning dozens of Ukrainian villages and ter- 480 sq. km. of Drohobych oblast and Ukraine, a same- rorizing peaceful residents on the principle of collective re- sized area of Lublin voivodship. Clearly, the repressions sponsibility. This forced desperate peasants to leave behind against and the deportations of the Ukrainians exposed their property and cross the Polish-Soviet border en masse — the anti-people nature of the totalitarian regimes of Com- illegally, without documents. Many fled to Slovakia and then munist Poland and the USSR. The Soviet government failed to fulfill its commitments to provide the deportees with logistical support. Only 56% of resettled households were compensated for the property they left behind in Poland. Sadly, the plans of Warsaw and Moscow reflected the interests of the government, not the people. For decades the deported Ukrainians remained a socially unprotected and psychologically vulnerable part of postwar Soviet society. Today the settlers hope that the government of the new Ukraine, and in the long run of post-Communist Poland, will fully share the pain and tragedy of the hundreds of Ukrainians who were born in the western-most Ukrainian lands and are now advocating the A UKRAINIAN FAMILY DEPORTED DURING OPERA- current cause of Ukraine by word and deed. Victims of the TION VISTULA. THE LATE 1940s totalitarian regime are demanding a political appraisal of these past shameful misdeeds as well as material compen- PHOTO FROM THE BOOK UKRAINE AND THE POLISH COMMUNITY IN VOLYN. 1939-1945 BY W. AND E. SIEMASZKO (WARSAW) sation for the damage done to their families. The Day Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 23 Êàòåäðà ñâ. Àíäð³ÿ Ïåðâîçâàííîãî â îêîëèö³ Âàøèíãòîíó, ÄÊ

Î. Âîðîíèí. ÍÀØ ÍÀÉÌÎËÎÄØÈÉ ÂIÂÒÀÐÍÈÉ ÕËÎÏ×ÈÊ (Îëåñü Øòåëÿê)

Çà ãîäèíó äî ïî÷àòêó íåä³ëüíî¿ Ñëóæáè Áîæî¿ ó öåðêâ³ ñâ. Àíäð³ÿ Ïåðâîçâàííîãî íà îêîëèö³ Âàø³í´òîíó ïîñï³øàº çà áàòüêîì, îòöåì Âîëîäèìèðîì, ìàëåíüêèé Îëåñü. Òàòîâ³ òðåáà áóòè â õðàì³ çíà÷íî ðàí³øå, à Îëåñü ââàæàº, ùî ³ éîìó òåæ, áî æ â³í íåñå ó òîðáèíö³ ïðîñêóðêè, ÿê³ áóäóòü âæèâàòèñÿ íà Áîãîñëóæåíí³. Ó öåðêâ³ Îëåñü ³äå äî òåòðàïîäó. Â³í ùå íå ìîæå äîñÿãíóòè ³ ïîö³ëóâàòè ³êîíó, òîæ áåðå â ðóêè äåðåâ’ÿíèé õðåñò ³ ö³ëóº. Ïîò³ì ñõîäèòü íà àìâîí, ö³ëóº îáðàçè ²ñóñà Õðèñòà òà Áîæî¿ Ìàòåð³ íà ³êîíîñòàñ³, ëåäâå äîñÿãàþ÷è ¿õ. Ó â³âòàð³ áåðå ñâ³é ìàëåíüêèé ñòèõàð÷èê ³ éäå äî îòöÿ Âîëîäèìèðà ï³ä áëàãîñëîâåííÿ. Çâè÷àéíèé õëîï÷èê ñòàº â³âòàðíèì õëîï÷èêîì. Ìîæëèâî, ùî Îëåñü- íàéìîëîäøèé â³âòàðíèé ñèíêà. õëîï÷èê ó âñ³é Óêðà¿íñüê³é Ïðàâîñëàâí³é Öåðêâ³ â ² õî÷ öå Àìåðèö³, ÿêùî é íå ïîçà íåþ. À ÿêùî ³ º õòîñü òàêîãî áóëî çàíàäòî ñàìîãî â³êó, òî âæå íàïåâíå íå ïî÷èíàâ ïðèñëó- ðàíî, âèð³øèâ, ùî òðåáà çàäîâîëüíèòè éîãî áàæàííÿ. ãîâóâàòè ó â³âòàð³ ÿê Îëåñü –ó â³ö³ òðîõè á³ëüøå, ÿê Äîáðîä³éêà Ìàð³ÿ Êóë³é, äðóæèíà ñâ. ï. îòöÿ Â³êòîðà äâà ðîêè. Êóë³ÿ, ïîøèëà Îëåñåâ³ ìàëåíüêèé çåëåíèé ñòèõàð÷èê, Îëåñü íàðîäèâñÿ 30 ëèñòîïàäà 2000 ð. Áàòüêè ³ íà Çåëåí³ ñâÿòà 2003 ð. â³í âïåðøå âèéøîâ ó íüîìó õîò³ëè, ùîá ñèí âèðîñòàâ ïîáîæíèì, ëþáèâ Áîãà ³ íà Ìàëîìó âõîä³, ì³öíî òðèìàþ÷è â ðóêàõ ñâ³÷êó. Öå Öåðêâó. Ó íèõ â äîì³ êîæíèé äåíü ïî÷èíàâñÿ ³ ê³í÷àâñÿ áóâ éîãî äåáþò, ÿê â³âòàðíîãî õëîï÷èêà, ùî ö³ëêîì ñï³ëüíîþ ìîëèòâîþ. Ìàëåíüêîãî Îëåñÿ áðàëè íà âñ³ çà÷àðóâàâ (³ äîñ³ ÷àðóº) ïàðàô³ÿí. Áîãîñëóæåííÿ, ³ íå ò³ëüêè â íåä³ëþ, à é íà Âå÷³ðí³ ïî Áàòüêî âçÿâñÿ â÷èòè Îëåñÿ îáîâ’ÿçê³â â³âòàð- ñóáîòàõ òà íà ñâÿòà. À â³í ñàì ç íàéðàí³øíüîãî â³êó íîãî ïðèñëóæíèêà. Çãîäîì éîìó äîâ³ðèëè ïîäàâàòè ðâàâñÿ äî öåðêâè. Áóâàëè âèïàäêè, êîëè â³í, ãðàþ÷èñü îòöåâ³ êàäèëî, ³ â³í âèêîíóâàâ öåé îáîâ’ÿçîê äóæå íàäâîð³, ïëàêàâ ç ÿêî¿ñü ïðè÷èíè, ³ éîãî íå ìîæíà ñòàðàííî, õî÷ íå çàâæäè ëåãêî áóëî äàâàòè ðàäó ç áóëî âò³øèòè. ² ò³ëüêè òîä³, êîëè éîãî ïðèâîäèëè äî êàäèëîì, äîâøèì çà íüîãî. öåðêâè, â³äðàçó çàñïîêîþâàâñÿ. Îëåñü ÷àñîì ïîìèëÿâñÿ, àëå ð³äêî êîëè ïîâòî- ßê ò³ëüêè Îëåñü ïî÷àâ õîäèòè, ï³ä ÷àñ ðþâàâ ïîìèëêè. Îäíîãî ðàçó â³í ³øîâ ó ïðîöåñ³¿ ³ç Áîãîñëóæåííÿ çàâæäè ñòîÿâ ïîïåðåäó ³ óâàæíî ñòåæèâ ñâ³÷êîþ â ïðàâ³é ðóö³. Ïîáà÷èâ, ùî âñ³ ëþäè õðåñòÿòüñÿ. çà òèì, ùî ðîáèòü éîãî òàòî. Öå éîìó ÿâíî ïîäîáà- Ïåðåõðåñòèâñÿ ³ â³í, àëå â³ëüíîþ ë³âîþ ðóêîþ… Àëå ëîñÿ, ³ âäîìà â³í íå ðàç ³ì³òóâàâ áàòüêà. Áðàâ ðóøíèê òåïåð óæå ïàì’ÿòàº, ùî òàê íå ìîæíà. íà ïëå÷³ ³ õîäèâ ïî õàò³, óÿâëÿþ÷è ñåáå â ðèç³. Ëþáèâ Âñå æ äèòèíà çàëèøàºòüñÿ äèòèíîþ. ² ÿêîñü äèâèòèñÿ, ÿê ñâÿùåíèê êàäèòü, ³ ñàì õîò³â öå ðîáèòè. ñòàëîñÿ, ùî êîëè îòåöü Âîëîäèìèð âèéøîâ íà àìâîí Éîìó áóëî òðîõè á³ëüøå äâîõ ðî÷ê³â, ÿê ³ ïî÷àâ ïðîïîâ³äóâàòè, òðîõè çãîäîì âèéøîâ ³ Îëåñü. íàðîäèâñÿ áðàòèê Äàíèëêî. Ïàí³ìàòö³ Ìàðò³ áóëî Ï³ä³éøîâ äî ïðîïîâ³äíèö³, ñ³â ç ïðàâîãî áîêó íà òÿæêî äàâàòè ðàäó â öåðêâ³ ç íîâîíàðîäæåíîþ ñòóïåíüêó ³ äèâèòüñÿ íà áàòüêà. äèòèíîþ, à îäíî÷àñíî äèâèòèñü çà Îëåñåì, ÿêîãî “Ùî ÿ ìàâ ðîáèòè?- çãàäóº îòåöü Âîëîäèìèð. ùîäàë³, òî á³ëüøå òÿãíóëî äî â³âòàðÿ. Îòåöü Âîëîäèìèð –Ïåðåðâàòè ïðîïîâ³äü ³ íàâåñòè ïîðÿäîê? Íå ãîäèòüñÿ. óñâ³äîìèâ, íàñê³ëüêè âàæëèâèì º â³âòàð äëÿ ¿õíüîãî ß ïðîäîâæóþ ïðîïîâ³äü. À Îëåñü òðîõè çãîäîì ïåðåõîäèòü íà ë³âèé á³ê, çíîâó ñ³äàº ³ çíîâó äèâèòüñÿ

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 24 Êàòåäðà ñâ. Àíäð³ÿ Ïåðâîçâàííîãî â îêîëèö³ Âàøèíãòîíó, ÄÊ íà ìåíå. À òîä³ ïî÷àâ ïåðåìîðãóâàòèñü ç ìîëîäèì ïàðàô³ÿíèíîì, ÿêèé ñèä³â ñïåðåäó… Áà÷ó, ùî ïàðàô³ÿíè, ùî ñèäÿòü íàâêîëî íüîãî, ëåäâå ìîæóòü ñòðèìàòèñü â³ä ñì³õó. ßêîñü çàê³í÷èâ ïðîïîâ³äü, ÿêî¿ í³êîëè íå çàáóäó…” Çà öå Îëåñü áóâ ñóâîðî ïîêàðàíèé. À ùî ìîæå áóòè äëÿ íüîãî íàéá³ëüøîþ êàðîþ? Îòåöü Âîëîäèìèð ñêàçàâ, ùî â³í á³ëüøå íå áóäå ïðèñëóãîâóâàòè, ìóñèòü ñêèíóòè ñòèõàð ³ á³ëüøå íå âäÿãàòè. Ìàëèé òÿæêî ïåðåæèâàâ öþ êàðó, ³, íàïåâíî, íàçàâæäè çàïàì’ÿòàâ, ùî öåðêâà –íå ì³ñöå äëÿ ïóñòîù³â. Çãîäîì Îëåñÿ â³äíîâèëè â ïðàâàõ, ³ â³í ç ÷èñòîþ äèòÿ÷îþ ëþáîâ’þ ïðèñëóãîâóº ó â³âòàð³. Êîëè ïî÷àâ ï³äðîñòàòè ³ õîäèòè éîãî áðàòèê Äàíèëêî, Îëåñü ïî÷àâ ä³ëèòèñÿ ç íèì ñâî¿ìè äèòÿ÷èìè çíàííÿìè ïðî Áîãà ³ Öåðêâó, ïîÿñíþâàòè, ùî òîãî ö³êàâèëî. Íåäàâíî âñ³ â³âòàðí³ õëîï÷èêè îòðèìàëè íîâ³ ñâ³òë³ ñòèõàð³, ñåðåä íèõ ³ Îëåñü òà Äàíèëêî, ÿêîìó äîçâîëÿþòü ïîòðîõó áóòè ïðèñëóæíèêîì. Ïðèéìàþ÷è ² ïîçà öåðêâîþ Îëåñü ëþáèòü óñå, ùî ñòîñóºòüñÿ ðåë³ã³¿. Ç íàéìåíøèõ ðîê³â âèâ÷èâ ìîëèòâè, àêòèâíó ó÷àñòü íàéïåðøå “Îò÷å íàø” ³ óëþáëåíó ìîëèòâó äî àíãåëà- ó âèáîðàõ Ïðåçèäåíòà Óêðà¿íè... õîðîíèòåëÿ. Ìîëèòüñÿ ðàíêîì ³ ââå÷åð³ ç áàòüêàìè, à ÷àñîì ³ ñàì. Îñîáëèâî ùèðà éîãî ìîëèòâà –öå ïðîõàííÿ, ùîá Áîã äîçâîëèâ éîìó ïèòè ìîëîêî, ¿ñòè õë³á, ÿéöÿ ³ äåÿê³ ³íø³ õàð÷³, ÿêèõ éîãî îðãàí³çì íå ìîæå ñïðèéìàòè ÷åðåç àëåðã³þ. ×àñîì ïèòàº, ÷îìó öå òàê ñòàëîñÿ ç íèì, àëå í³êîëè íå íàð³êàº, à ò³ëüêè íàä³ºòüñÿ… Çàëþáêè ñëóõàº óâå÷åð³, ÿê áàòüêî ÷è ìàìà ÷èòàº éîìó á³áë³éí³ îïîâ³äàííÿ, à ÷àñîì ³ ñàì ¿õ óæå ïåðåêàçóº. Ëþáèòü ñï³âàòè öåðêîâí³ ï³ñí³, êîëÿäêè. Òàê ãàðíî âèâ÷èâ “Õðèñòîñ âîñêðåñ”, ùî íà ïðîõàííÿ ïðèñóòí³õ ñï³âàâ öþ ï³ñíþ íà ñâÿòêîâèõ ç³áðàííÿõ ó ïàðàô³¿. Àëå çàö³êàâëåííÿ ìàëîãî Îëåñÿ íå îáìå- æóþòüñÿ öåðêâîþ. Â³í ö³êàâèòüñÿ ë³òàêàìè, ìàº áàãàòî ìîäåë³â. Çíàº àâòà ïàðàô³ÿí, ³ âæå ïîáà÷èâøè çäàëåêó, ÿê íà ïëîùó â’¿æäæàº õòîñü, â³äðàçó çíàº, õòî öå ïðè¿õàâ. Ìàº ñâ³é äèòÿ÷èé åëåêòðîìîá³ëü-äæ³ï, ÿêèì â³äðàçó íàâ÷èâñÿ êåðóâàòè. Äóæå ñïîðòèâíèé. Ëþáèòü ëîâèòè ðèáó â ïàðàô³ÿëüíîìó îçåð³. Êîëè â ïàðàô³¿ Ê³ëüêà ñîòåíü óêðà¿íö³â îêîëèö³ Êë³âëåäó, øòàòó áóëî çàñíîâàíî òàíöþâàëüíó ãðóïó “Âåñåë³ êîçà÷àòà” Îãàéî, çàâ³òàëè âðàíö³ äî êàòåäðàëüíîãî ñîáîðó ñâ. ï³ä êåð³âíèöòâîì Âîëîäèìèðà Ñåìåðåÿ, Îëåñÿ â³äðàçó Àíäð³ÿ Ïåðâîçâàííîãî â Ñèëâåð Ñïðèí´, ÌÄ, ïåðåä çàïèñàëè äî íå¿. Â³í óñ³ì ö³êàâèòüñÿ, âñå õî÷å çíàòè. âèðóøåííÿì äî ïîñîëüñòâà Óêðà¿íè â ÑØÀ äëÿ Òîæ íåõàé öåé íåïåðåñ³÷íèé õëîï÷èê, íà âèêîíàííÿ ñâîãî ãðîìàäñüêîãî îáîâ’ÿçêó - ãîëîñó- ÿêîìó âæå òåïåð ïîì³òíî áëàãîäàòí³ ñë³äè Áîæî¿ ëàñêè, âàííÿ çà Ïðåçèäåíòà Óêðà¿íè. ðîñòå çäîðîâèé ³ ùàñëèâèé, íàáèðàºòüñÿ ñèëè, Ãîñòåé-ìàíäð³âíèê³â îêîëèö³ ïðèâ³òàâ íàñòî- ÿòåëü ïàðàô³ÿëüíî¿ ãðîìàäè î. Âîëîäèìèð Øòåëÿê, ìóäðîñò³, ðîçâàæíîñò³ ³ çíàíü, òà ùîá ëþáîâ äî Áîãà ïàðàô³ÿëüíå ñåñòðèöòâî òà ì³ñöåâà ãðîìàäà, ïðèãî- ³ Õðèñòîâî¿ Öåðêâè áóëà çàâæäè ç íèì. ùóþ÷è â³äâ³äóâà÷³â òåïëîþ êàâîþ òà ïå÷èâîì.

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 25 UUOS SCHOLARSHIP RECEPIENTS

Dear Mrs. Mirchuk and the Âåëüìèøàíîâíà ïàíi Íàäiÿ UUOS members, Ìið÷óê! Thank you for both your Ùèðî äÿêóþ çà íàäàííÿ good wishes and your generous ìåíi ôiíàíñîâî¢ ïiäòðèìêè, ÿêà scholarship. I made the Dean’s List äîïîìîãëà ìåíi ïðèäáàòè ïiäðó÷- my first semester at Cornell. As of íèêè òà ïðîäîâæóâàòè íàâ÷àííÿ ïî ñïåöiàëüíîñòi Network Engineering now, I am planning on a double ma- at Mercer County Community Col- jor in chemistry and history. lege, New Jersey. Sincerely, Damien Kudela Ç ïîâàãîþ, Âîëîäèìèð Ñêîðèê

ÑÒÈÏÅÍÄÈÑÒÈ Î ÓÏÑ Â ÓÊÐÀ¡ÍI

Äîðîã³ ñåñòðèö³! Ïåðø çà âñå, ÿ õî÷ó ùèðî ïîäÿêóâàòè çà ñòèïåíä³þ, Äîðîãåíüê³... ÿêà íàä³éøëà äëÿ ìåíå, öå ìåí³ ÿêðàç, ÿê ïîäàðóíîê â³ä ñâ. ß âæå íà ï’ÿòîìó êóðñ³ íàâ÷àííÿ. Íà äàíèé ìîìåíò â Ìèêîëàÿ... óí³âåðñèòåò³ íàâ÷àííÿ ïåðåðâàíî íà äâà òèæí³ â çâ’ÿçêó ç Ó çâ’ÿçêó ç ïîë³òè÷íîþ ñèòóàö³ºþ, ÿêà ñêëàëàñÿ ó íàø³é ïîë³òè÷íîþ ñèòóàö³ÿ â Óêðà¿í³, àäæå âñå ñòóäåíñòâî âèéøëî êðà¿í³ ï³ñëÿ 21 ëèñòîïàäà, âèáîð³â Ïðåçèäåíòà, ìè ïðèïèíÿºìî íà ìàéäàí çàõèùàòè ñâî¿ ïðàâà ³ íå äîïóñòèòè äî âëàäè íàâ÷àííÿ ³ éäåìî â³äñòîþâàòè ñâî¿ äåìîêðàòè÷í³ ïðàâà. íåã³äíèõ ëþäåé. ß ùèðî ðàä³þ, ùî Âè òåæ àêòèâíî ñïîñòåð³ãàºòå Òåïåð³øí³ ïîä³¿ ó íàñ íàçèâàþòü “ïîìàðàí÷åâîþ ðåâîëþö³ºþ”, çà ïîä³ÿìè, ÿê³ â³äáóâàþòüñÿ â Óêðà¿í³ íà äàíèé ÷àñ, ³ âáîë³âàºòå àëå ÿ á øâèäøå öå íàçâàëà ºäíàííÿì ùèðèõ óêðà¿íñüêèõ çà ¿¿ äîëþ. Ïàí Êà÷àí³âñüêèé ðîçïîâ³äàâ íàì, ÿê Âè àêòèâíî äóø, ÿêèì âæå íàáðèäëî æèòè çà âêàç³âêîþ âëàäè, ùî ï³äòðèìóºòå ïîä³¿, ÿê³ ïðîõîäÿòü ñüîãîäí³ ïî âñ³é Óêðà¿í³. ß òåæ íàçèâàëà íàñ “áèäëîì ³ êîçëàìè”, àëå ìè äîâåëè ¿ì, ùî ìè íàìàãàþñü ùîäåííî áðàòè ó÷àñòü ó ì³òèíãàõ ³ ñòåæèòè çà íå “áèäëî ³ êîçëè”, à Óêðà¿íè äîíüêè ³ ñèíè, ÿêèõ º áàãàòî ³ ðîçâèòêîì ïîä³é. Ñïîä³âàþñü, ùî ï³ñëÿ ïîâòîðíîãî ïåðåãî- íàñ ¿ì í³êîëè íå ïîäîëàòè. ëîñóâàííÿ 26 ãðóäíÿ áóäå îáðàíèé ïðåçèäåíò, ã³äíèé êåðóâàòè ß âèõîäèëà íà ì³òèíãè ó ñâîºìó ì³ñò³ Ð³âíîìó. äåðæàâîþ, ³ íàøå æèòòÿ ñòàíå êðàùèì. Íàðîä ïîêàçàâ ñâîþ Çâè÷àéíî, õîò³ëîñÿ ïî¿õàòè äî Êèºâà, àëå â ñèëó îáñòàâèí íå âîëþ, ïðàâî ãîëîñó, ÿê³ â³í ìîæå â³äñòîÿòè ³ çàñâ³ä÷èâ, ùî â³í çìîãëà... Ñïîä³âàþñü, ùî Áîã íå çàëèøèòü íàñ - ³ äîáðî íå çáèðàºòüñÿ ìîâ÷àòè, äèâëÿ÷èñü íà áåçëàä òà áåççàêîííÿ. ïåðåìîæå çëî! Ç ïîâàãîþ, Ëîïóõ Íàòàëÿ. Íà äàíèé ÷àñ ùå ïðàöþþ íàä äèïëîìíîþ ðîáîòîþ, ÿêó âæå çà äåê³ëüêà ì³ñÿö³â ïîòð³áíî çàê³í÷èòè. À âçàãàë³, íå Äîðîã³ ñåñòðèö³! òàê äàâíî â ìåíå áóëà àêòèâíà ïåäàãîã³÷íà ïðàêòèêà, ÿêó ÿ Ùèðî âèñëîâëþºìî ïîäÿêó çà Âàøå äîáðå ñåðöå, ÿêå ïðîõîäèëà â äåâ’ÿòîìó êëàñ³. Ìåí³ áóëî íàäçâè÷àéíî ö³êàâî íåáàéäóæå ³ â³äêðèòå íà ïîòðåáó ³íøèõ. Ñàì ²ñóñ ó äí³ ñâîãî ïðàöþâàòè ç ó÷íÿìè, âæå äîñèòü äîðîñëèìè, ÿ ä³éñíî çìîãëà çåìíîãî æèòòÿ êîæíèì ñâî¿ì ñëîâîì íàãîëîøóâàâ íà â³ä÷óòè ñåáå ìàéáóòí³ì â÷èòåëåì. Çà äâà ì³ñÿö³ ïðàêòèêè ÿ âàæëèâîñò³ äîáðèõ â÷èíê³â. (“Ùî çðîáèòå îäíîìó ç íàéìåíøèõ, äóæå çâèêëà äî ä³òåé... òå ìåí³ çðîáèòå”). Õî÷ó ùèðî ïîäÿêóâàòè Âàì çà òóðáîòó ³ äîìîìîãó, Âàøà äîïîìîãà º ñâ³ä÷åííÿì òîãî, ùî Âè â³ðèòå â íàñ, ÿêà º äîñèòü âàæëèâîþ äëà ìåíå. Âè äáàºòå ïðî óêðà¿íñüêó öå âèÿâ äîâ³ðè. Ìè, ìîëîäå ïîêîë³ííÿ, ïîêëèêàí³ äî òîãî, ìîëîäü, ÿêà, ñïîä³âàþñü, âèïðàâäàº Âàø³ íàä³¿. Äàé Âàì Áîæå, ùîá çì³íèòè òå, ÷îãî íå âäàëîñÿ çì³íèòè íàøèì ïðàä³äàì. Â çäîðîâ’ÿ, ñèëè òà íàñíàãè ó Âàø³é íåëåãê³é ïðàö³! íàø ÷àñ ñàìå îñâ³òà çàîõî÷óº äî íåóñòàííîãî ïîøóêó ³ñòèíè. ² Ç íàéêðàùèìè ïîáàæàííÿìè, Íàòàë³ÿ Æìóðà. ñàìå òîìó, ìè, ìàéáóòí³ óêðà¿íñüê³ ô³ëîëîãè, ñòâåðäæóºìî, ùî ïàòð³îòèçì çâåëè÷óº ëþäèíó. ÓÑIÌ æåðòâîäàâöÿì - ùèðå ñïàñèái! Íåõàé Ãîñïîäü Âàñ áëàãîñëîâèòü ³ îáåð³ãàº, íåõàé çàñÿº Ñïîäiâàºìîñü íàä âàìè Ñâî¿ì îáëè÷÷ÿì ³ äàñòü Âàì Ñâ³é ìèð. Âäÿ÷í³ ñòóäåíòè, íà ïîäàëüøó ïiäòðèìêó íàøèõ ôîíäiâ Áåçíþê Àííà òà Ìàìàé Òåòÿíà. ó öüîìó 2005 ðîöi. Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 26 Our daily life... Stephanie Swindle President, St. Matrona Ladies Society

Icon of St.St. MatronaMatrona St. Matrona

LadiesLadies SocietySociety Iconographer - Michael Kapeluck HoldsHolds CookieCookie WWalkalk published by the Society sold out and is now in its second printing. The St. Matrona Ladies Society of Carnegie held Due to the success of the event, St, Matrona a Cookie Walk fundraiser on December 9, 2004. The Ladies Society was able to donate $1,395 for 100 new event called for the ladies of the Society to bake at chairs for the church hall, $160 for 2 new tables (One least 10 dozen of their best cookies. A participant in the table is in honor of the present members of St. Matrona Cookie Walk would be given a box and then walk among Society and the other table is donated in Blessed Memory the displayed cookies, making their selections. The box of all the past Sisterhood members.), purchase new would then be weighed and payment made per pound. table clothes for all the new hall tables, and begin work With the parish still trying to recover from the September on converting a storage area in the balcony of the church flood that hit the Carnegie area, this was quite an hall to a functioning church office. undertaking. The church hall needed much work to make it ready for the public. The hall became semi- functioning again thanks to the volunteers who put up temporary doors and kitchen lights and scraped the walls. It was the first time that many parishioners had even been to the first level of the church hall since the flood. As word of this fundraiser spread throughout the local community, the event grew each day. Not only were other parishioners volunteering to bake, but also relatives, neighbors, friends and after being featured in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette newspaper with an article on the front page of the Food Section with 2 pictures, and 2 members interviewed on a local radio talk show, local businesses and total strangers stepped forward to make donations. Over 100 varieties of cookies were donated for the event totaling over 12,000 cookies. Thanks to the overwhelming support of the Pittsburgh area, all cookies were sold in a little over 2 hours. Also the cookbook Sts. Peter and Paul church in Carnegie, PA

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 27 UKRAINE ÓÊÐÀ¿ÍÀ 1933: 1933: A COOKBOOK ÊÓË³ÍÀÐÍÀ ÊÍÈÃÀ

Linocuts Ë³íîðèòè by Mykola Bondarenko Ìèêîëè Áîíäàðåíêà

From early child- Ç äèòèíñòâà Ìèêîëà hood on Mykola Bonda- Ìèõàéëîâè÷ ëþáèâ ñëó- renko loved to listen to the õàòè ðîçïîâ³ä³ ñòàðøèõ old people reminiscing ïðî æèòòÿ íà ñåë³ ó ìèíó- about village life in the olden ëîìó. Ãîëîä â³í íàìàãàâñÿ days. Having learned about â³äòâîðèòè ó ãðàô³÷íîìó the famine, he attempted ìàëþíêó, àëå æîäåí ç to reproduce it graphically, íà÷åðê³â íå ì³ã çàäîâî- but was not satisfied with ëüíèòè. Éîìó õîò³ëîñÿ ïî- the few sketches he made. ñâîºìó ðîçïîâ³ñòè ïðî The artist wished to tell òðàãåä³þ. Ç öüîãî ïðèâîäó about this tragedy in his õóäîæíèê ðîçì³ðêîâóâàâ own, different way. He con- ïðî òå, ùî ñìåðòü òîä³ sidered the fact, that al- âèêîøóâàëà ðîäèíè ³ though entire families and íàâ³òü ö³ë³ ñåëà, àëå æ entire villages were annihi- äåõòî ³ âèæèâ. Çà ðàõóíîê lated by the famine, some individuals managed to sur- ÷îãî ¿ì öå âäàëîñÿ, êîëè ïîðÿä ïîìèðàëè ¿õí³ vive. What was it that helped them defy death by ðîäè÷³ òà ñóñ³äè? hunger while next to them their relatives and friends Òîæ ïðè áóäü-ÿê³é íàãîä³ ðîçïèòóâàâ ïðî öå perished? ñòàðîæèë³â, ÿê³ ðîçïîâ³äàëè éîìó ïðî «ìåíþ», â ÿêå He went around questioning the old-timers who âàæêî ïîâ³ðèòè. Òàêèì ÷èíîì ìèòöåâ³ âäàëîñÿ çíàéòè told him about their unbelievable “menu”. And so the êëþ÷ äî ðîçâ’ÿçàííÿ ïðîáëåìè — â³í âèð³øèâ çîáðà- idea was born in the artist’s head to portray not the æàòè íå âêðàé âèñíàæåíèõ ãîëîäîì ñåëÿí, à ò³ «õàð÷³», emaciated peasants, but rather the “food” which they ÿê³ âîíè âèìóøåí³ áóëè ñïîæèâàòè, ùîá âèæèòè. were forced to ingest in order to survive. Öåé óí³êàëüíèé êàòàëîã ë³íîðèò³â, ùî îçíàéî- This unique art catalog of linocuts is available ìèòü áàæàþ÷èõ á³ëüøå ïðî ÷àñè Ãîëîäîìîðó 1932- for a donation of $15. 1933, ìîæåòå ïðèäáàòè çà ïîæåðòâó â ñóì³ $15. Proceeds go the Patriarch Mstyslav Museum Ïîæåðòâè ïðèçíà÷åí³ íà ìóçåé ³ì. Ïàòð³ÿðõà Fund. Ìñòèñëàâà. A great bilingual educational tool about the 1932- Äâîìîâíèé íàâ÷àëüíèé ïîñ³áíèê ïðî ëèõîë³òòÿ 1933 Famine in Ukraine. Âåëèêîãî Ãîëîäîìîðó â Óêðà¿í³ 1932-1933 ðîê³â.

Available from: Ïðèäáàéòå â êðàìíèö³ St. Andrew Church Goods and Bookstore Ukrainian Orthodox Church of USA 135 Davidson Ave. Somerset, NJ 08873 Tel: (732) 356-0090 Fax: (732) 356-5556

For additional albums or to inquire about the collection, or to sponsor an exhibit, please call Natalia at Office of Cultural Affairs at (732) 356-0090.

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 28 Íàì ïèøóòü...

²ìåíèíè Âèñîêîïðåî- ñâÿùåííîãî Âëàäèêè Àíòîí³ÿ

ÎÓÏÑ ó ÑØÀ ³ì. ñâ. êí. Îëüãè òà ðåäêî- ëåã³ÿ æóðíàëó “Â³ðè” ùèðîñåðäå÷íî â³òàº Âèñîêî- ïðåîñâÿùåííîãî Àðõèºïèñêîïà Àíòîí³ÿ ç ³ìåíè- íàìè òà äíåì íàðîäæåííÿ. Áàæàºìî Âàì, äîñòîéíèé ³ ã³äíèé Òðóäàðþ Áîæîãî âèíîãðàäíèêà, òåïëî¿ ëàñêè é îï³êè â³ä çàñòóïíèêà ñâÿòîãî ïîêðîâèòåëÿ Âàøîãî ³ ìíîë³òòÿ ó ùàñò³ é ì³öíîìó çäîðîâ’¿. À òàêîæ - êð³ïêî¿ ñèëè, åíåðã³¿ òà âèòðèâàëîñò³ äëÿ äîáðà ³ ïðàö³ íà ñëàâó Áîæó, ð³äíî¿ Óêðà¿íñüêî¿ Ïðàâîñëàâíî¿ Öåðêâè, Óêðà¿íè òà ¿¿ íàðîäó. Íåõàé Âñåâèøí³é çàñòóïàº ³ îõîðîíÿº Âàñ! Ìîëèìîñÿ çà Âàñ Âëàäèêî, ³ âäÿ÷í³ çà ïîñò³éíó ï³äòðèìêó íàøî¿ ïðàö³ ñëîâîì ³ ìîëèòâîþ.

Î. Çìàãà-Õîðîëåöü.

âàæëèâèõ ñïðàâ. Ë³äà Ãîëóá ïðî÷èòàëà ëèñòà-ïîäÿêó â³ä Îðãàí³çàö³¿ äîïîìîãè ä³òÿì, õâîðèì íà ñåðöåâ³ Ç Ä²ßËÜÍÎÑÒ² íåäóãè (Heart Link) ç³ Ëüâîâà, ÿê³é ñåñòðèöòâî ðàí³øå ïîæåðòâóâàëî $ 500. Ìàð³ÿ Ïóíäèê-Çìàãà çàïðî- ÑÅÑÒÐÈÖÒÂÀ ïîíóâàëà âèä³ëèòè $ 1 000 íà ï³äòðèìêó ñòóäåíò³â, ÿê³ ÑÂ. ÎËÜÃÈ ó Êèºâ³ ï³äòðèìóþòü Â. Þùåíêà. Óñ³ ïðîãîëîñóâàëè Â Ì²ÍÍÅÀÏÎË²Ñ², Ì²Í. “çà”. Îòåöü ªâãåí ñêàçàâ, ùî ïîæåðòâè ìîæíà ñêëà- äàòè ÷åðåç Óêðà¿íñüêó êðåäèò³âêó. Òàìàðà Êàðêîöü Ñõîäèíè â³äêðèëà ãîëîâà ï. Ë³äà ïî³íôîðìóâàëà, ùî çàïî÷àòêóâàëè ðàç íà ì³ñÿöü Ãîëóá î 12 ãîä. Îòåöü ªâãåí ïðî÷èòàâ ìî- îäíîäîëÿðîâèé ôîíä íà ï³äòðèìêó ñòóäåíò³â, ÿê³ â ëèòâó “Îò÷å íàø”. Áóâ ñìà÷íèé áóôåò ³ç Ð³âíîìó ïîøèðþþòü â ïðåñ³ ïðàâäó ïðî ãîëîäîìîð â õîëîäíèõ ³ ãàðÿ÷èõ çàêóñîê, ÿê³ ïðèãîòóâàëè Óêðà¿í³ 1932-1933 ð.ð. ãîëîâà Ë³äà Ãîëóá ³ çàñò. ãîëîâè Ïåòðóñÿ Äàë³ ïðîõîäèâ ÷àñ ó äðóæí³é ðîçìîâ³. Êîæíèé Ðèõë³é. Áóëè ãàðíî ïðèêðàøåí³ ñòîëè. Ãàðíî ìàâ íàãîäó ïîä³ëèòèñÿ ñâî¿ìè äóìêàìè ÷è ñïîãàäàìè. â äðóæí³é àòìîñôåð³ ïðîõîäèâ ÷àñ. Ï³ä ÷àñ Ñåñòðèö³ ïîäÿêóâàëè îðãàí³çàòîðàì ñìà÷íîãî ïîëóäåí- ðîçâàã ñåñòðèö³ òàêîæ âèð³øèëè äåê³ëüêà êó. Ñõîäèíè çàêðèòî ñï³ëüíîþ ìîëèòâîþ.

Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 29 Íàì ïèøóòü... íàðîä³â, äî ÿêèõ ìè òÿæ³ºìî, ³ â ³ñòîðè÷íîìó êîíòåêñò³. Ìè õî÷åìî íå ôîðìàëüíó ñâîáîäó ñëîâà, à ôàêòè÷íó; íå êîðóìïîâàíó âëàäó, ÿêà íàñò³ëüêè ÷åðñòâà, ùî ñïðîìîæíà Âàëåíòèíà Êóçüìè÷ ïåðåæèâàòè ëèøå çà ñâî¿ ³íòåðåñè, à â³ëüíî îáðàíó, äåìîêðàòè÷íó; íå îáìàíó, à Ïðàâäó. Öå ëèøå íåâåëèêèé Ç ÍÀÌÈ ÁÎÃ! ïåðåë³ê ïåðåäóìîâ äóõîâíîãî ïëàíó, ÿê³ ñòàëè îñíîâîþ ìèðíî¿ ðåâîëþö³¿, ñïðÿìîâàíî¿ íà äîñÿãíåííÿ ºâðîïåéñüêèõ Ïåðøèé öå ðàç â óêðà¿íñüê³é ³ñòîð³¿ â³äáóëàñÿ ñòàíäàðò³â ãóìàí³çìó òà äåìîêðàòèçàö³¿ ñóñï³ëüñòâà. “ïîìàðåí÷åâà ðåâîëþö³ÿ” ç øèðîêîþ òåðèòîð³ÿëüíîþ Áóäü-ÿê³ ñëîâà, ñêàçàí³ äëÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè áàçîþ. Ç³áðàëèñÿ óêðà¿íö³ ð³çíèõ çåìåëü, ð³çíèõ äóõîâíîãî ï³äíåñåííÿ, ÿêå îõîïèëî íàø íàðîä, ñòàþòü ñâ³òîãëÿä³â, â³ðóâàíü, ïåðåêîíàíü ³ ïàðò³é, ç’ºäíàí³ áàíàëüíèìè òà ïðàãìàòè÷íèìè äëÿ òîãî, õòî â³ä÷óâ öå. Òà îäíîþ ñï³ëüíîþ íàö³îíàëüíîþ ³äåºþ, íàòõíåíí³ âñå æ ìîæíà â³äì³òèòè äåê³ëüêà ãîëîâíèõ îñîáëèâîñòåé áàæàííÿì, ùîá ³äåþ â ñîá³ ñêð³ïèòè òà ³íøèõ ðîçïàëèòè. “ïîìàðàí÷åâî¿ ðåâîëþö³¿”. Ïåðø çà âñå, öå òå, ùî âèñòóï Ìîëîäü âèÿâèëà ïîäèâó ã³äíó çàâçÿò³ñòü ³ âèòðèâàë³ñòü áóâ ìàñîâèì, äîáðîâ³ëüíèì òà âñåíàðîäíèì. Áóëè â îáîðîí³ íàö³îíàëüíèõ ³íòåðåñ³â, äåìîêðàò³¿, ïðàâäè ³ ïðåäñòàâëåí³ âñ³ â³êîâ³ òà ñîö³àëüí³ ïðîøàðêè íàñåëåííÿ íà ñâîáîäè. Âîíè ñâ³äîì³ ñï³âòâîðö³ ìàéáóòíîñò³ Óêðà¿íè. Ìàéäàí³. Äðóãå- öå òå, ùî ïîìàðàí÷åâà òà ñèíüî-æîâòà Çðîñëà íàö³îíàëüíà ñâ³äîì³ñòü íàéøèðøèõ øàð³â ñèìâîë³êà áóëà íà êîæí³é ëþäèí³, ÿêà âèõîäèëà íà Ìàéäàí ãðîìàäÿí íà âñ³õ óêðà¿íñüêèõ çåìëÿõ, çàïàíóâàëà àáî áóëà òàì íå ô³çè÷íî, à äóõîâíî (ÿ âæå ìîâ÷ó ïðî ñîáîðí³ñòü äóõà - ºäí³ñòü ïîïðè âñ³ íåïîðîçóì³ííÿ ³ õóñòèíêè, ñòð³÷êè öèõ êîëüîð³â íà àâòîìîá³ëÿõ, áóä³âëÿõ, ïðîòèñòîÿííÿ. Íàðîä ïåðåì³íèâñÿ â íàö³þ. íàâ³òü íà äåðåâàõ!). ² îñòàííº- öå òà àòìîñôåðà çãóðòîâàíîñò³ Çðîñëî çàö³êàâëåííÿ ñâ³òó óêðà¿íñüêîþ (â³äðàçó íà äóìêó ñïàäàº àñîö³àö³ÿ ³ç ãóðòîì “Ãðèíäæîëè”, ïðîáëåìîþ. Í³êîëè íå ïèñàëè â ñâ³òîâ³é ïðåñ³ ïðî ÿê³ â öåé ÷àñ íàïèñàëè ï³ñíþ “Ðàçîì íàñ áàãàòî”, ùî ñòàëà óêðà¿íñüê³ ñïðàâè, ïðî “ïîìàðàí÷åâó ðåâîëþö³þ”, ïðî ñïðàâæí³ì ã³ìíîì ì³òèíãóþ÷èõ) òà ï³äíåñåííÿ (ñïðàâä³, âèáîðè ïðåçèäåíòà. Ñâ³ò íàðåøò³ ïîáà÷èâ Óêðà¿íó ³ Íîâèé Ð³ê, á³ëüøå-íîâà åðà äëÿ óêðà¿íö³â íàñòàëà 23 ñ³÷íÿ çðîçóì³â ¿¿. Òåïåð òðåáà äàòè ñâ³òîâ³ ÿêíàéá³ëüøå ï³ñëÿ ³íàâãóðàö³¿ “Íàðîäíîãî Ïðåçèäåíòà”, ÿê îõðåñòèëè Â. äîêàç³â íàøî¿ íåïîõèòíî¿ âîë³ òà çð³ëîñò³ äî Þùåíêà ì³òèíãóþ÷³). ñàìîñò³éíîãî äåìîêðàòè÷íîãî äåðæàâíîãî æèòòÿ. Äóæå âàæëèâî òå, ùî ðåâîëþö³ÿ ïðîéøëà ìèðíî. Áîã ïîáëàãîñëîâèâ íàðîä ³ éîãî ëþáîâ äî Àäæå ³íøèé øëÿõ, â³éñüêîâèé, ì³ã áè ñòàòè íå ëèøå ïðàâäè ³ ñâîáîäè, ³ íàðîä ïåðåì³ã, áî ç íàìè Áîã, ïðåöåäåíòîì äëÿ çìåíøåííÿ ïîïóëÿðíîñò³ Â. Þùåíêà, àëå çðîçóì³éòå, íàðîäè, ç íàìè Áîã! é ïðè÷èíîþ ðîçêîëó óêðà¿íñüêîãî íàðîäó, ÿê öå áóëî íå îäèí ðàç â íàø³é ³ñòîð³¿. Òà, íà ùàñòÿ, Áîã íàì äàðóâàâ ìèðíå ðîçâ’ÿçàííÿ ãîëîâíî¿ ïðîáëåìè, ³ çàðàç ìè ìàºìî “Ñëàâà Óêðà¿í³!”- íà öèõ ñëîâàõ çàê³í÷èâ ñâîþ íîâå æèòòÿ â íîâ³é Óêðà¿í³. ïðîìîâó íîâîîáðàíèé Ïðåçèäåíò íàøî¿ ñóâåðåííî¿ Ðåâîëþö³ÿ ïðîéøëà, ïàì’ÿòü çàëèøèëàñü. Ìåí³ áóäå äåðæàâè Â³êòîð Þùåíêî 23 ñ³÷íÿ 2005 ð. íà Ìàéäàí³ â âàæêî, ìàéæå íåìîæëèâî çàáóòè, ÿê ÿ ç³ ñâî¿ìè äðóçÿìè Êèºâ³. Öå ñòàëî êðàïêîþ â íåïðèìèðåíí³é áîðîòüá³ õîäèâ íà ì³òèíãè òî äî áóäèíêó Îáëäåðæàäì³í³ñòðàö³¿, òî óêðà¿íñüêîãî íàðîäó ³ç óçóðïàòîðàìè âëàäè íà íàø³é äî Îáëàñíî¿ ïðîêóðàòóðè. ² òàê ÷åðåç äåíü: îäèí äåíü-íà çåìë³, ÿêà ïðîäîâæóâàëàñü íå ì³ñÿö³ ³ íàâ³òü íå ðîêè, à Ìàéäàí³, äðóãèé-â ë³æêó, òðîõè ï³äë³êóâàâøèñü, - çíîâó íà ö³ë³ ñòîë³òòÿ, ïî÷èíàþ÷è ç ÷àñ³â Çàïîð³çüêî¿ Ñ³÷³. Ñàìå äî “ðåâîëþö³þ”. Äåÿê³ ç ìî¿õ äðóç³â áóëè õâîðèìè ìàéæå äâà òîãî ïåð³îäó â³äíîñÿòüñÿ ïåðø³ åòàïè. Ñüîãîäí³ æ äëÿ òèæí³ ï³ñëÿ öèõ ïîä³é. êîæíîãî ãðîìàäÿíèíà íàøî¿ äåðæàâè äîêîíàíèì ñòàâ Âñåíàðîäíå ï³äíåñåííÿ çóìîâèëî åéôîð³þ, ÿêó ôàêò: ìè, óêðà¿íö³, íå ëèøå åòíîñîö³àëüíèé îðãàí³çì, çàðàç â³ä÷óâàº êîæåí ïðèá³÷íèê äåìîêðàò³¿, í³áè ðîá³òíèê, ïîâ’ÿçàíèé åêîíîì³÷íî òà ïîë³òè÷íî, ìè-íàö³ÿ, ïð³î- ÿêèé ñòî¿òü á³ëÿ ðåçóëüòàò³â ñâîº¿ ïðàö³. Àëå âñ³ì óêðà¿íöÿì ðèòåòíîþ îñíîâîþ äëÿ ðîçâèòêó ÿêî¿ º äóõîâíà ºäí³ñòü. ïîòð³áíî ïàì’ÿòàòè, ùî öå –íå ê³íåöü, à ëèøå ïî÷àòîê. Ïðîïîíóþ ÷èòà÷åâ³ ïîãëÿíóòè íà “ïîìàðàí÷åâó” Ïî÷àòîê íîâîãî æèòòÿ, ÿêå âèìàãàº â³ä êîæíîãî ç íàñ ðåâîëþö³þ â òðüîõ “ìàñøòàáàõ”: ñâ³òîâîìó, ºâðîïåé- ìàêñèìàëüíèõ çóñèëü. Íàä íàìè òÿæ³º âåëèêà â³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòü ñüêîìó òà çàãàëüíîóêðà¿íñüêîìó. Âàæêî óÿâèòè, ùî äóìàº ïåðåä ìàéáóòí³ìè ïîêîë³ííÿìè. Àëå òóò ãîëîâíå – â³ðà. ïðî ïîä³¿ â Óêðà¿í³, ñêàæ³ìî, ïåðåñ³÷íèé åêâàäîðåöü àáî Â³ðà â ñåáå, â³ðà â íàðîä, â³ðà â Áîãà. Áóäå öå –áóäå âñå. àâñòðàë³ºöü; ÷è âçàãàë³ çíàº ïðî ïðî öå, -ìåí³ âàæêî ñóäèòè. Ïðèíàã³äíî õî÷ó ïîäÿêóâàòè Âàì çà íàäàíó ìåí³ ²ç âïåâíåí³ñòþ ìîæíà ñêàçàòè ëèøå îäíå: áóëà çä³éñíåíà ùå îäíà ðåâîëþö³ÿ, ùå îäèí íàðîä îæèâ, â³ä÷óâ ñòèïåíä³þ, ÿêà ïîêðàùèëà ìîº ìàòåð³àëüíå ñòàíîâèùå. ìåíòàëüíó ºäí³ñòü. Çèìîâó ñåñ³þ ÿ çäàâ íà “â³äì³ííî”, ÿê ³ ïîïåðåäí³. Íàä³þñü, Äðóãèé “ìàñøòàá”: óêðà¿íö³ çðîáèëè ã³ãàíòñüêèé ùî é íàäàë³ áóäó ðàäóâàòè ñâî¿õ áëèçüêèõ òàêèìè æ êðîê â íàïðÿìêó äî â³ëüíîãî òîâàðèñòâà ºâðîïåéñüêèõ óñï³õàìè. Ç ïîâàãîþ ³ âäÿ÷í³ñòþ, âàø Âàñèëü Äåíèñþê. Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 30 Donations - Ïîæåðòâè Donations 10/20/2004 - 01/30/2005 Donations to the Museum in So. Bound Brook, NJ $20.00 L. Zura, V. Gluch, I. Bojko-Paar, L. Hajdar, H. Wyhinny. $2,000.00 The Garber Foundation. $15.00 O. Radysh. $500.00 St. Mary’s Protectress Sisterhood, South $10.00 O. Roshetsky, H. Stepanenko, L. Dijak, T. Potienko, Bound Brook, NJ. E. Pohotsky, L. Pochtar, P. Chalawa, H. Hawryluk, S. F. Korniuk. $415.00 M. N. Mirchuk. $5.00 A. Olijnyk, V. Schram. $100.00 M. Kasianchuk, V. Solanyk, A. Craig, T. Roz- hin, D. M. Chromowsky and M. Melenka in memory of Domka Melenka, St. Mary’s Protectress Sisterhood, Irvington, NJ, in Donations for Subscriptions to “Vira” in Ukraine memory of Domka Melenka. $92.00 L. A. Mirchuk. $350.00 H. Wyhinny. $80.00 L. Hajdar. $50.00 H. Hrushetsky. $75.00 A. Brynowsky. $25.00 H. Hawryluk, O. Matula. $50.00 V. Kuzmycz, T. Kmeta, DDS, N. G. Siwolop, A. J. Cherney, W. Y. Bilinsky, N. Ilnytzkyj, H. Pavlosky, Rev. M. Kudanovych, O. Myron Resie, MD, St. Mary’s Sisterhood, Utica, NY. $40.00 A. Semi, L. A. Mirchuk in memory of Mykola Donations to Scholarship Fund - Boyczuk, D. Vytvytsky. Family Kuzmycz and Jaroslava Sydorak $30.00 L. Zura. $25.00 Rev. G. O. Bazylevsky, O. Antochy, T. $750.00 Ksenia Kuzmycz. Potienko, I. H. Korhun, Z. Illuk, E. G. Czumak, N. Czeczulin, S. $200.00 V. Kuzmycz. Zabrocky in memory of wife Inna, V. Ortynsky, St. Mary’s $150.00 O. G. Krywolap. Sisterhood, Rochester, NY, St. Mary’s Protectress Sisterhood, Irvington, NJ. $20.00 V. Andree, L. Dijak, E. Pohotsky, V. Schram, Z. Lucenko. $15.00 K. Hucul, H. Stepanenko, I. Bojko-Paar, V. Dejneka. Donations to Scholarship Fund $10.00 M. Panczenko, O. Radysh. $900.00 The Garber Foundation. $5.00 A. Olijnyk. $100.00 A. G. Petrenko, N. Sokolowsky, H. Wyhinny, St. Olha Sisterhood, Silver Spring, MD, in honor of Olenka Matula’s birthday. Donations to the Museum in So. Bound $50.00 St. Mary’s Sisterhood, Utica, NY, E. O. Matula Brook, NJ in Memory of Dora Wenher in memory of godfather Petro Kramarenko, S. Petrusha. $25.00 I. P. Stratienko. O. Antochy, V. Presko, H. $100.00 Holy Trinity Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Prytula, A. J. Cherney, St. Mary’s Sisterhood, Rochester, NY. Irvington, NJ, N. M. Mirchuk, M. I. Mnischenko. $20.00 L. Zura. $50.00 A. Andriuk, J. H. Halij. $15.00 I. Bojko-Paar, T. Potienko, M. Panczenko. $25.00 St. Mary’s Protectress Sisterhood, So. Bound $10.00 V. Schram, L. Dijak, E. Pohotsky, S. F. Korniuk, Brook, NJ, C. Krause, L. Krause, L. J. Towarnycky. H. Stepanenko. $20.00 M. Larkin, M. H. Romaniw, P. K. Venher, L. M. Hajdar. $5.00 A. Olijnyk. $10.00 J. Bilewicz, K. Hucul, L. Shevchenko, N. Sokolowsky, M. Griatzky, A. Belimenko. $6.00 Chernecka. $5.00 T. Maciyowska, K. Larkin, Endyk. Donations to the Fund for Charity in Ukraine $5,800.00 The Maria Gonzales Trust. $2,000.00 The Garber Foundation. $500.00 V. Limonczenko. Donations to the “Vira” Press Fund $340.00 St. John the Baptist Parish, Johnson City, NY. $250.00 S. V. Bilinsky. $100.00 The Garber Foundation, O. G. Krywolap, H. $100.00 St. Olha Sisterhood Silver Spring, MD in honor Berovetz, K. Korol and N. How in memory of daughter and of Olenka Matula’s birthday, N. Demydowycz in memory of mother Orysia Korol-How. husband Pawlo Demydowycz. $50.00 Rev. W. Wronskyj, St. Sophia Sisterhood, $50.00 Rev. W. Wronsky, St. Sophia Sisterhood, Bloomingdale, IL, V. C. Solanyk, N. Sokolowska, V. Kuzmycz, Bloomington, IL, S. Skop, V. Kuzmycz, Dr. S. Bilobron, St. Mary’s T. Garbus, St. Mary’s Sisterhood, Utica, NY. Sisterhood, Utica, NY. $30.00 H. Hrushetsky, E. Hromnycky. $25.00 O. Antochy, St. Mary’s Protectress Sisterhood, $25.00 St. Mary’s Protectress Sisterhood, Irvington, Irvington, NJ, V. Presko, H. Prytula, A. J. Cherney, St. Mary’s NJ, M. Panczenko, V. Presko, H. Prytula, A. I. Cherney, St. Sisterhood, Rochester, NY, I. H. Korhun, Z. Illuk, A. Mychaluk, Mary’s Sisterhood, Rochester, NY, P. Odarchenko, W. E. G.Czumak, Lt. Col. Stephen P. Hallick, Jr. Gusakowsky, Lt. Col. Stephen P. Hallick, Jr. $20.00 O. Roshetsky. Âiðà ÷. 1 (117), 2005 31 (ïðîäîâæåííÿ ³ç ñò. ) Íàì ïèøóòü... Donations - Ïîæåðòâè Donations 10/20/2004 - 01/30/2005

$17.00 H. Wyhinny. $15.00 I. Bojko-Paar, V. Dejneka, T. Potienko, M. Panczenko. $10.00 L. Zura, H. Stepanenko, E. Pohotsky, L. Dijak, S. F. Korniuk, S. Barusewycz, V. Schram. $5.00 A. Olijnyk.

Donations to the UUOSisterhoods Fund

$50.00 V. Kuzmycz, Dr. S. Bilobron, H. Berovetz. $30.00 V. Miro. $25.00 W. Bohdaniw, E. G. Czumak, V. Presko, H. Prytula, St. Mary’s Sisterhood, Rochester, NY, St. Mary’s Protectress, Irvington, NJ. $20.00 L. Zura, H. Wyhinny. $15.00 I. Bojko-Paar. $10.00 E. Pohotsky, M. Panczenko, S. F. Korniuk. $5.00 V. Schram, A. Olijnyk.

Donation to the Patriarch Dimitri Scholarship Fund in Ukraine

$50.00 Lt. Col. Stephen P. Hallick, Jr.

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Remember, “VIRA” can be a great gift to those Óñ³ì æåðòâîäàâöÿì - ùèðå ñïàñèá³! who are intrested in our past, present and with God’s blessing future. Ïîæåðòâè ïðîñèìî íàäñèëàòè íà àäðåñó ñêàðáíèêà ÎÓÏÑ: If you would like to subscibe to our publication, Mrs. Olia Krywolap please send your information 221 Edridge Way to the administration office of VIRA Catonsville, MD 21228

Vol. 1 (117), 2005 Âiðà 32 Children Learn What They Live

If a child lives with criticism, He learns to condemn. If a child lives with hostility,,, He learns to fight. If a child lives with ridicule, He learns to be shy... If a child lives with shame, He learns to feel guilty... If a child lives with tolerance, He learns to be patient. If a child lives with encouragement, He learns confidence. If a child lives with praise, He learns to appreciate. If a child lives with fairness, He learns justice. If a child lives with security,,, He learns to have faith. If a child lives with approval, He learns to like himself. If a child lives with acceptance, and friendship, He learns to find love in the world.

Dorothy Law Nolte