Annual Report 2001

40Ye a r s o f Conserving Wildlife and Wild Lands in

Africa1961-2001 O UR M ISSION

The African Wildlife Foundation recognizes that the wildlife and wild lands of Africa have no equal. We work with people—our sup- porters worldwide and our partners in Africa—to craft and deliver creative solutions for the long-term well-being of Africa’s remark- able species, their habitats and the people who depend upon them.

TABLE OF CONTENTS From the Chair ...... 2 From the President ...... 4 4oth Anniversary ...... 6 Saving the World’s Most Endangered Primate . . . 8 A Commitment to Education and Training . . . . . 9 A World without Rhinos? ...... 10 A Lifeline for Africa’s National Parks ...... 11 Understanding and Protecting Elephants...... 12 Partnerships with the Private Sector ...... 14 Why Are Predators Important? ...... 15 Working with Communities ...... 16 AW F’s African Heartlands ...... 17 AW F African Conservation Centers ...... 18 Ways to Give ...... 19 AWF Donors ...... 20 Financial Review ...... 24

©Photographs by Mark Boulton *C2 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION Luangwa River, South Luangwa National Park, Zambia From the Chair

F ORTY Y EARS OF P ROTECTING A FRICA’ S W ILDLIFE

hen the African Wildlife Foundation The southern white rhino, for instance, was on was founded 40 years ago, it was the only interna- the brink of extinction in 1913, with only about tional organization focused entirely on African 20 remaining animals, and today there are an conservation. “No one knew or thought much astonishing 10,400. about protecting wildlife and preserving the Although elephants have dropped from approxi- Wenvironment in 1961,” Russell Train, one of mately 1.3 million to 550,000 today, it was predicted AW F’s five co-founders, said recently. during the poaching onslaught of the 1970s and Judge Train, along with Nick Arundel, Jim Bugg, 1980s that the African elephant would be virtually Kermit Roosevelt and Maurice Stans, had a simple extinct by 2000. That hasn’t happened. In fact, their objective for AWF: to help protect for future genera- numbers are actually rising in some areas, including tions the magnificent wildlife heritage of Africa that Amboseli National Park, through the efforts of they all had experienced and enjoyed firsthand. the Amboseli Elephant Research Project, which As we celebrate AWF’s 40th anniversary, it’s AWF has funded since 1975. Even the mountain appropriate to pause and evaluate the results of gorilla population is inching up despite the genocide four decades of dedication and effort devoted to in Rwanda and ongoing war in Democratic conserving Africa’s magnificent wildlife and wild Republic of Congo. lands. Have we fulfilled our founders’ vision? We can also point to other successes. In 1961, Are we making a difference? few Africans were professionally trained in wildlife There have been losses, to be sure. The number management. Now, thanks to the sustained work of elephants in Africa is half what it was 40 years of AWF and others, virtually every park system on ago. The black rhino population has dropped the continent is led by trained African professionals from about 100,000 in 1960 to around 2,600 today. and a growing cadre of young African scientists. Wildlife habitat continues to shrink. So while we mourn the loss of wildlife over the What these numbers don’t show is what last four decades, we are proud that, in many cases, Africa’s wildlife would look like if AWF and other we have been able to slow, stop and even reverse conservation groups had not been active during the slide of animals toward extinction. We look to the past 40 years. a future where we can begin to return previously It’s true that black rhino numbers have plummeted, depleted lands to their former wildlife richness. but the fact that there are still black rhinos on the planet is only because of conservationists who took Stuart T. Saunders, Jr. one step after another, finally resorting to virtually armed camps to protect the last members of the species. And black rhinos can make a comeback.

2 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION W E ARE PROUD THAT WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO SLOW, STOP AND EVEN REVERSE THE SLIDE OF SOME ANIMALS TOWARD EXTINCTION

AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 3 From the President

B ROADENING O UR B ASE OF S UPPORT IN THE N EW C ENTURY

he African Wildlife Foundation is the only reserved for them; which land can safely be used conservation organization that works exclusively for farms, pastures or tourist lodging; and the to protect wildlife in Africa—a mission AWF has wildlife-based businesses most likely to bring jobs been fulfilling for 40 years. and prosperity to local communities. Africa is the pre-eminent home to wildlife. Much of this interaction is handled by Think of a continent that embraces the largest land strategically located AWF Conservation Centers. Tmammal (the African elephant) … large predators In 2001, AWF continued to build its growing (lions, leopards, cheetahs, African hunting dogs, network of centers staffed with young African hyenas) … the higher primates (gorillas, chimpanzees professionals skilled in everything from community and bonobos) … the now-rare African species of mobilization to land-use planning to ecology to law. rhino … and species like the hippo and giraffe that Their goal is to protect the many seem incomparable to anything else on earth. animals that live outside of parks and reserves. The mystique of Africa’s wildlife, however, is not They do that by helping establish management only in its large, photogenic species, but also in the plans and business enterprises on these privately diverse birds, reptiles, insects, trees, plants and owned lands that will promote wildlife conservation vegetation. I myself have lived in Africa for 14 years while economically benefiting the landowners. and traveled widely there, but I have seen only a Today, the African Wildlife Foundation has fraction of its wonders. almost a half-century of proven experience in The urgent need to protect Africa’s remaining Africa, a well-designed program, an outstanding rich, thriving ecosystems inspired AWF in 1999 to staff and a small band of generous donors. We mark a new era in African conservation with its support conservation activities over a large part of Heartlands program. In a little over a year, we had the most wildlife-rich parts of Africa. Yet our entire designated and “adopted” five Heartlands: budget is approximately one tenth the budget of Kilimanjaro, Maasai Steppe, Samburu, Virunga and the San Diego Zoo and Wildlife Park. Zambezi. In 2001, we added Four Corners and To continue our crucial conservation work into Limpopo in southern Africa. In each Heartland, the next century, we must greatly increase the flow our goal is the same: to expand the area available to of financial resources into our program. As we tell wildlife, to connect fragmented wildlands and to help rural our story to an ever-widening circle of conservation- people make income from their wildlife resources. minded groups and individuals, we’re confident We pursue these aims in a collegial manner— that the necessary support will be forthcoming. working with those who own and use the land to determine which species, ecosystems and sites are Patrick J. Bergin conservation priorities; which areas of the Heartland are vital to wildlife and should be

4 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION W ITH PROGRAMS AND STAFF IN PLACE, AWF SEEKS NEW FUNDING FOR ITS WORK TO SAVE A FRICA’ S UNIQUE SPECIES AND ECOSYSTEMS

AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 5 4oth Anniversary 1961-2001

Conserving Africa’s Wildlife and Wild Lands for

Ye a r s

6 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION No other organization has made the protection of Africa’s great wild places and wildlife its sole cause. As we pause to celebrate the African Wildlife Foundation’s 40th anniversary, we are humbled by the scope of our mission, yet at the same time proud of our achievements during four decades of supporting conservation across the African continent. This annual report profiles eight areas in which AWF has made a real and measurable difference in STEVE BEIN conserving the unique natural treasures of Africa— while helping the African people to manage and benefit from these resources.

AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 7 S A VING THE W ORLD’ S M OST E NDANGERED P RIMATE

1960 here would be no mountain gorillas in endangered by clearing trees for agriculture the Virungas today, the late Robinson and the threat of transmittal of disease by a fast- In chain reaction of nationalist demands, 17 sovereign African McIlvaine once said, were it not for growing human population. nations come into existence Dian Fossey’s tireless efforts over many In spite of civil wars and political instability Tyears. McIlvaine served as U.S. Ambassador to during this past decade in all three nations— Kenya before becoming director of AWF’s African Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and 1961 operations and then AWF president, and he knew Uganda—IGCP has enhanced conservation of the Washington Safari Club’s Fossey personally. last 650 mountain gorillas in the Virunga moun- Conservation Committee An American, Fossey originally set up camp in tains and Uganda’s Bwindi Impenetrable National creates the African 1966 in Congo to study mountain gorillas (Gorilla Park. The project is a model for international Wildlife Leadership Foundation, Inc. (AWLF) beringei beringei), financed by paleontologist cooperation as wardens and rangers from coun- Louis B. Leakey. Civil unrest in the area forced her tries in conflict work together so closely that they to relocate to Rwanda’s Volcano National Park. become friends as well as respected colleagues. 1962 During 1967, AWF provided regular support to IGCP facilitates regional cooperation, such as AWLF’s first project is to Fossey; a year later, the National Geographic joint border patrols by Rwandan, Congolese and help establish College of Society joined AWF in supporting the project. Ugandan rangers. IGCP also has put in place African Wildlife Management, When several gorillas were killed in 1978, strong regional collaboration, through coordinated Mweka, Tanzania AWF joined forces with Fauna and Flora ecological monitoring, tourism development and International and the World Wildlife Fund to pro- work with surrounding communities. tect the remaining mountain gorillas, forming the Mountain Gorilla Project. In addition to funding salaries and vehicles, AWF supplied the project with uniforms for guards and rangers, along with camping gear and communication equipment, and also helped to habituate gorilla groups to humans, creating gorilla-based tourism. 1963 After Fossey’s murder in 1986, vigilance over the gorillas increased, and a census the next year Kenya becomes independent indicated that the gorilla population was growing. AWLF scholarships fund As of 1989, income from tourism became one of four young Africans to study wildlife management at Rwanda’s largest earners of foreign exchange, American universities making protection of the gorillas a national priority. In 1990, AWF formed the International Gorilla AWLF constructs conservation education center at Conservation Program (IGCP), a regional strategy Nairobi National Park to protect the mountain gorillas, in collaboration with Fauna and Flora International and the World Wide Fund for Nature. The outbreak of civil conflict in Rwanda in October 1990 spilled over to the park, signaling the beginning of a decade of intensified threats to the mountain gorillas—whose habitat was already

Key

AWF achievements ■ Significant dates in African ■ history

8 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION A COMMITMENT TO E DUCATION AND T RAINING

orty years ago, there were virtually 1964 no African professionals in the Perez Olindo, later the field of wildlife conservation and youngest director of Kenya’s management. National Parks, is first AWF’s very first project was to establish a AWLF scholar to earn a F degree in U.S. training school for wildlife management and park personnel. The College of African Wildlife Management at Mweka, Tanzania, opened in 1963 with a $47,000 AWF grant, along with 1965 First class graduates from U.S. Agency for International Development College of African Wildlife funding. Mweka marked the beginning of Management, Mweka

AWF’s commitment to train Africans to assume THOMAS KATRINA AWLF finances first all-Swahili responsible wildlife management positions Students at the College of African Wildlife Management, wildlife newspaper, Urithi Mweka, Tanzania. that until then had been filled by Europeans. Wetu, or Our Heritage Since that time, Mweka has trained more than has been its sponsorship of Wildlife Clubs for 2,500 graduates from 25 African countries and students across the continent. After helping Kenya 17 other countries. launch a network of Wildlife Clubs—189 clubs 1967 In 1970, AWF helped establish a second were formed between 1969 and 1971—AWF was Dian Fossey’s mountain gorilla wildlife management school, The Ecole pour la asked to help organize clubs in Uganda, Ghana, study receives funding from AWLF in Rwanda’s Volcano Formation de Specialistes de la Faune Sauvage, in Tanzania, Cameroon, Sudan and Zambia. National Park Garoua, Cameroon, for French-speaking Africans. The clubs have played a major role in AWF’s AWLF research grant finances The French government eventually took over grassroots campaign to save wildlife by Serengeti Research Institute major funding for the school, which has become cultivating environmentally-minded citizens a respected local institution. for future generations. When AWF was founded, 3,000 young Africans As part of its education mission, AWF has been 1968 were studying medicine, law, agriculture, and a leader in publishing educational materials that AWLF unveils “Give a Lion a economics at U.S. universities, but not one was have been distributed throughout Africa. The Home” ad; proceeds used preparing for a career in wildlife conservation. A organization made history in August 1965 when it to enlarge two African parks groundbreaking scholarship program created by financed the first all-Swahili wildlife newspaper— AWF in 1963 enabled talented African students to Urithi Wetu, or Our Heritage—which was distrib- undertake wildlife studies in the United States. uted through schools, wildlife and park depart- To encourage students to pursue advanced ments and AWF education centers. In 1973, AWF degrees in conservation-related subjects, the created African Heritage magazine, an English- Charlotte Conservation Fellowship Program began language cartoon-style booklet to demonstrate in 1996, in memory of AWF supporter Charlotte the wise use of natural resources; it was published Kidder Ramsay. The program gives educational for nearly a decade. Other publications were and financial assistance to Africans pursuing geared toward tourism, for example, “Wild Lives: master’s or doctoral studies in subjects such as Profiles of East African Mammals.” Still others species and ecosystem conservation, community were of a scientific or technical nature, intended conservation and resource economics. for wildlife and park department personnel and The AWF education project that probably has students involved in wildlife management. reached more Africans than any other, however,

AW F Achievements 1961-2001 60s AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 9 A WORLD WITHOUT R HINOS?

he African Wildlife Foundation has been the services of a radio specialist who helped 1970 at the forefront of rhinoceros conserva- develop a communications system that generated AWLF helps found the Wildlife Clubs of Kenya to tion for several decades. In the early publicity about the need for rhino protection educate youth about the 1970s rhino horn was in high demand and encouraged the government to protect environment and Tin the Middle East, Asia and Africa, and these the animals. conservation magnificent creatures were being poached to the Despite valiant conservation efforts, by the AWLF helps establish brink of extinction. AWF recognized this alarming mid-1980s the rhino was a heartbeat away from wildlife management development and joined with other conservation extinction. AWF and other conservationists discov- school in Cameroon organizations to target the consumer market and ered the only way to secure the species’ future launch conservation efforts. was to build strictly protected rhino sanctuaries. 1971 In 1986, AWF helped construct the Ngulia Rhino Sanctuary in Kenya’s Tsavo West National Park. Idi Amin launches a decade of despotic rule in Uganda; From its launch with three rhinos in approximately human lives are lost and a third of a square mile in 1986, Ngulia has grown wildlife is almost destroyed to 49 individuals and covers 27 square miles, and is protected by an electric fence. From the beginning, AWF worked to assure that the park 1972 had long-term funding, a vehicle, radio sets, Cynthia Moss initiates binoculars and housing for sanctuary staff Amboseli Elephant Research and rangers. Project in Kenya, which becomes the longest-running In 1993 African Wildlife Foundation extended study of its kind in the world its rhino conservation work beyond East Africa First leopard study undertaken when an AWF representative met with Namibian to combat trade in spotted-cat officials to discuss aiding Waterberg National skins receives AWLF funds Park—home to 50 white rhinos and 27 black AWF cosponsored with World Wildlife Fund rhinos. This park proved to be so critical to rhino and the World Conservation Union an investiga- conservation that from 1994 to mid-1995 AWF tion of the rhino trade in North Yemen and Asia provided support to the park for horseback and found that North Yemen was one of the patrols, camera equipment and incentives for highest contributors to the trade and that between rangers. 1972 and 1975 the amount of horn legally import- AWF undertook yet another critical rhino ed meant the deaths of nearly 8,000 rhinos. project in 2001, partnering with the U.S. Fish and These results prompted AWF to join with other Wildlife Service and Ngorongoro Conservation international conservation groups to eliminate Area Authority in Tanzania to support black the legal trade in that country. rhino surveillance. The project assists NCA in AWF set out to influence the attitude of the monitoring and protecting this small population North Yemeni government with a direct-mail cam- of the eastern black rhino. The goal is to increase paign that explained the gravity of the Yemeni role the population by more than five percent per and included a letter to the Yemeni prime minister year to 100 individuals by the year 2018. requesting an immediate halt to the country’s rhino horn trade. In 1982, the Yemeni government issued a decree outlawing rhino horn imports. During this time, AWF supported Save the Rhino Trust in Zambia. The trust aided the coun- try’s scarce rhino population by providing admin- istrative support to conservation efforts as well as

10 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION A LIFELINE FOR A FRICA’ S N ATIONAL P ARKS

orty years ago, Tarangire was a game boundaries—and the people who are charged with 1975 area in Tanzania used by hunters. In 1969, protecting wildlife. Over the years, the organiza- AWLF begins long-term AWF played a crucial role in establishing tion has supplied essential items such as commu- support of Cynthia Moss’s the new Tarangire National Park through nications and photography equipment, vehicle Elephant Research Project; Fsupport for construction of the headquarters build- spare parts, battery chargers, tents, sleeping bags population grows from 400 to 1,000+ elephants ing and antipoaching lookout stations for rangers. and camping equipment, ranger uniforms and in next 20 years Today, Tarangire and Lake Manyara National boots, fuel, motor oil, and new vehicles. Parks are the core conservation areas of the Joining with other conservation organizations large and varied landscape that is AWF’s Maasai- in 1987 to fight poaching in the 32,000-square-mile Steppe Heartland. Selous Game Reserve, AWF not only supplied AWF has been an invaluable partner to many field radio units to improve communications African national parks. In its early years, AWF throughout the area, but also provided a master funded land acquisition and infrastructure for new vehicle mechanic and large inventory of spare reserves. In 1965, for example, the AWF Board parts to support the antipoaching force. approved one of its first grants for developing the The Maasai-Steppe Heartland is an excellent

newly gazetted Ruaha National Park in Tanzania. illustration of AWF’s continuing commitment to CYNTHIA MOSS/AWF In 1969 the organization contributed funds to pur- Africa’s parks. At approximately 15,000 square chase land to complete Arusha National Park and miles, this Heartland covers 10 times the com- 1976 to build a headquarters building on the edge of bined area of the two national parks—in order to AWLF publishes first of its the park. In the meantime, AWF had received a cover the migratory routes of elephants and other handbooks on wildlife ecology large gift to be used to create the Shimba Hills large mammals—and is a patchwork of protected for wildlife and park personnel National Reserve near Mombasa, and AWF was an areas plus private and community lands. To early supporter of a national park on the eastern help wildlife thrive and people prosper, AWF is shores of Lake Rudolph, now Lake Turkana. working with Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA), 1977 AWF also traditionally has helped parks and Maasai communities and other individuals and Wildlife Conservation Extension Education project reserves protect the wildlife living within their businesses to manage this diverse area as a launched in Kenya single, coordinated unit. This year brought a major victory for conservation: establishment of the Tanzania 1978 Land Conservation Trust by AWF and partners. By mid-1978, almost all of The first institution of its kind in Tanzania, the Africa is independent trust is expected to become a regional model. AWLF establishes Mountain AWF designed the trust in such a way that it Gorilla Project in Rwanda could secure the wildlife corridor between the to help protect gorillas two parks. Following Tanzanian President Benjamin Mkapa’s decision that the government- owned Manyara Ranch would be used to benefit the Maasai and to preserve this critical migration corridor, the ranch was turned over to the Trust with a 99-year lease.

AW F Achievements 1961-2001 70s AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 11 U NDERSTANDING AND P ROTECTING E LEPHANTS

hen African Wildlife Foundation One of the project’s early triumphs 1980 chose the elephant as its logo 40 was discovery of the “musth” In early 1980s, drought and years ago, it was for its enduring phenomenon in African male famine plague Africa’s northern power as a unique symbol of elephants. When a bull elephant and central regions; millions nature in Africa. The elephant’s survival was not matures—usually at about age 30— leave homes in search of food W then a subject of great concern. Sadly, that situa- and comes into musth, his testosterone Zimbabwe becomes tion has changed over time. Seeking to preserve levels increase and he competes independent the species indefinitely, AWF continues to adjust aggressively for a month or more for its strategy to address the evolving threats to ele- the right to mate with as many females as he can. 1981 phants in Africa. The discovery was one of many insights into elephant behavior and social systems to emerge Tanzanian government asks AWLF to help protect Selous Phase One: Counting the Elephants from Moss’s project over the next two decades, Game Reserve As recently as the 1970s, no one knew exactly making the Amboseli elephant population one of how many elephants lived in Africa. AWF the best-known in the world. supported a project in Tanzania’s Selous Game 1982 Reserve by Iain Douglas-Hamilton in 1975 to Phase Two: Sounding the Alarm North Yemen bars legal import organize a systematic census of the reserve’s In 1987, Douglas-Hamilton, Moss and Poole of rhino horns after diplomatic mammal population, particularly elephants. traveled to Washington to personally voice their intervention by AWLF An important feature of the survey was training concerns about threats to Africa’s elephants. Tanzanian game department staff in the tech- Attempts to fine-tune the CITES (Convention on 1983 niques of aerial observation and recording. International Trade in Endangered Species) trade Douglas-Hamilton’s continent-wide surveys system were failing in East Africa. Fueled by rising AWLF officially becomes the African Wildlife Foundation estimated Africa’s elephant population at that time ivory prices and poaching tolerated by corrupt (AWF) as between 1.3 million and 3 million animals. government officials, by 1989 elephants in Kenya In the meantime, Harvey Croze and Cynthia were being killed at a rate of 3 per day. Moss launched the Amboseli Elephant Research During 1988–1989 a vigorous debate ensued in 1984 Project to examine the relationship between social the conservation community. On one side, the The AWF-funded behavior and habitat use, and to learn about the countries of southern Africa that had not been hit Mountain Gorilla Project social and ecological dynamics of a “natural” by poaching saw surging elephant numbers as reports a growing gorilla elephant population. AWF began supporting the both a menace to humans and a revenue source to population and the largest number of births in years project in 1975. Moss set up permanent camp help support conservation. But countries undergo- within sight of Mt. Kilimanjaro, creating a compound of several thatched-roof tents and a 1985 kitchen hut in a stand of palm and acacia trees. Tanzania makes peaceful She then began the intensive phase of her life’s transition from socialism to work of monitoring Amboseli’s elephants. By capitalism, as President 1978, she knew each adult and most of the Nyerere is succeeded by Ali Hassan Mwinyi juveniles in the park by name. She was joined in 1976 by Joyce Poole.

AWF’s Mark Condiotti worked with the Mountain Gorilla Project in the 1980s.

12 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 1986 AWF begins collaborating with Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA) to develop and apply principles of community conservation

Dian Fossey is murdered in Rwanda, but a census shows an increasing gorilla population, and the project brings tourist dollars to the devastated Rwandan economy ing the onslaught in East Africa, led by the ele- Approximately 366 elephants in Cunene phant researchers, argued that nothing short of an Province, Namibia, are the subject of an absolute ban on commercial trade in ivory could AWF-supported desert elephant study. Little is 1987 halt the devastation. As some larger, better-known known about this small, elusive population—the “Gorillas in conservation organizations equivocated, African last remnant of its type in Africa. the Mist,” Wildlife Foundation stepped into a leadership The picture of elephant conservation in Africa a movie about Dian role with its “Only Elephants Should Wear Ivory” remains checkered. Probably no elephants on the Fossey’s campaign, coordinated with Saatchi and Saatchi continent are more threatened than those in the conservation Advertising. AWF’s decision angered many in forests in central Africa; elephant counts there are work, begins southern Africa, but as the scale of East Africa’s extraordinarily difficult, and now war is sweeping filming in Rwanda, with AWF staff as consultants poaching problems became clear, in 1989 the through parts of that region. Elephant numbers African elephant was moved from CITES’ continue to grow in Zimbabwe, Botswana, Appendix II (threatened) to Appendix I (endan- Namibia and South Africa, but there has been an 1988 gered), with all international trade banned, begin- explosion of poaching in Zambia and new inci- AWF launches “Save the ning in 1990. The Somali Amendment also was dents have been reported in Tanzania, including Elephants” campaign, and passed, which recognized the differing status of two elephants poached on Manyara Ranch. 1988 is designated the elephants in various parts of Africa and provided a In this third phase of elephant conservation, “Year of the Elephant” mechanism by which some countries might even- AWF is intervening directly in protecting elephant tually be able to have their populations returned to populations in six African Heartlands where they Appendix II and engage in limited trade in ivory. are a key species. As in each preceding phase, 1989 elephants continue to play a leading role in AWF’s AWF’s “Only Elephants Should Wear Ivory” campaign runs Phase Three: After the Ivory Ban understanding of the most innovative approaches print and TV ads worldwide Today, we know that where researchers monitor to conservation. and study elephants, protection can increase and President Bush bans commercial U.S. imports of their numbers can thrive. Cynthia Moss began her elephant products work in Amboseli with 400 elephants; now there The African elephant is are more than 1,000. And their behavior shows elevated to “most endangered” they feel safe as they move outside the park: category by Convention on Recently an Amboseli elephant was spotted west International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) of Namanga, where the Maasai have not seen ele- phants since the mid-1970s. Conducting an AWF-supported elephant proj- ect in Tarangire National Park, researcher Charles AW F Achievements Foley reports a growing elephant population that 1961-2001 now numbers 2,500 in the dry season. 80s AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 13 P ARTNERSHIPS WITH THE P RIVATE S ECTOR

1990 hen Ker & Downey Safaris, Ltd., For example, Nairobi’s Conservation Center agreed to share its mailing list to staff are helping the conservation-minded managers Nelson Mandela is released from prison; South Africa starts help the newly formed African of the private Loisaba Ranch and a neighboring dismantling apartheid Wildlife Leadership Foundation community design a shared tourism enterprise. begin to build its own roster of contributors, A lodge on the ranch offers visitors the Namibia gains independence W a tradition of cooperation between AWF and the one-with-nature experience of sleeping in a International Gorilla private sector was born. Starbed®. At evening, guests are driven to outlying Conservation Programme (IGCP) is launched by AWF, As enthusiastic travelers to Africa (“all of us campsites; each site has elevated sleeping plat- Fauna and Flora International had savored the joys of one or more African forms featuring comfortable beds and down and the World Wide safaris,” Russell Train remembers), AWF’s comforters—a sort of treehouse under the stars Fund for Nature founders immediately recognized the inextricable for grownups. The community can create and link between conservation and tourism. maintain such camps with minimal investment. Under the direction of Isidore Gwashure, AWF is building a growing network of strategically located Conservation Service Centers staffed with young African professionals with skills ranging from community mobilization to land-use plan- ning to ecology to law. Their goal is to protect the large percentage of Africa’s wildlife that lives outside of parks and JOSÉ KALPERS/IGCP reserves. And the way they do that is by helping 1991 establish management plans and business enter- In spite of civil unrest prises on these privately owned lands that will in Rwanda, IGCP staff and promote wildlife conservation while generating park guards continue to economic benefits for landowners and local monitor the safety of communities. mountain gorillas in Volcano National Park Thanks to these innovative programs, people who live near African parks are seeing wildlife in a new, more favorable light: a possible passport to economic opportunities for themselves and their communities. And when people are friendly to wildlife, it thrives.

14 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION W HY A RE P REDATORS I MPORTANT?

majestic lion looked out at readers 1992 from AWF’s first national advertise- Funded by USAID, AWF ment in Life and Time magazines helps launch Protected Area during the summer of 1968 and Conservation Strategy Aearly 1969. “This is a picture of a lion,” read the (PARCS) to train Africa’s park managers in caption. “Some day it may be all you’ll be able administration and to show your children.” community conservation The ad, which earned $30,000 for Tanzania’s national parks, reflected the objective of AWF’s founders: to help protect for future generations 1993 the magnificent wildlife heritage of Africa. AWF begins working with the In the past, Africa’s large predators—including National Museums of Kenya lions, leopards, wild dogs and cheetahs—often to conserve game birds on communal lands were overlooked by conservationists until a specific population was threatened. Today, scientists understand that predators are an indica- most commercial ranchers in Laikipia and some 1994 tor of overall ecosystem health: A strong predator traditional pastoralists welcome wildlife. Because In first multiracial elections population suggests a habitat that presents a residents have expressed an interest in maintain- in South Africa, Nelson healthy environment for all of its wildlife. ing and learning about their predator populations, Mandela becomes president Making this case to livestock-keepers is not the district is an ideal place to study carnivores, Rwanda genocide kills up to always easy. Although pastoralists are reasonably how and why they kill livestock in the midst of 1 million people wildlife-friendly—they accept the presence of the natural prey and what people can do to reduce occasional elephant—conflict between predators losses. and pastoralists is legendary. Last year an AWF-supported scholar from the That’s what makes the northern Kenyan district Laikipia Predator Project, directed by Laurence of Laikipia so interesting to AWF researchers: It is Frank, made national news. Based at Mpala the only region in Kenya where wildlife is actually Research Center, Mordecai Ogada investigated increasing outside protected areas. Instead of new ways for ranchers to protect their livestock fencing their property and poisoning predators, from predators. The simple changes in livestock enclosures he suggests could dramatically cut the number of livestock lost to predators throughout 1995 east and southern Africa and reduce the number AWF supports the Cheetah of “problem” lions, hyenas, cheetahs and Conservation Fund in Namibia leopards that are shot in revenge. to protect the world’s last 13,000 cheetahs Can humans learn to be more tolerant toward predators? News from Amboseli National Park suggests some progress in local attitudes toward lions. Poisoned out of the park some years ago, the lions are now returning. AWF staff know of no recent instances of poisoning.

AW F Achievements 1961-2001 90s AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 15 W ORKING WITH C OMMUNITIES

1996 ntil the beginning of the twentieth Management Programme for Indigenous century, communities and wildlife in Resources). Inspired by Dasmann’s efforts to Tourists and senior park warden massacred in Africa coexisted in a fairly harmo- “domesticate” wildlife as a less ecologically Uganda’s Bwindi nious manner. Although people used destructive alternative to cattle, for a decade begin- Impenetrable National Park, wildlife to sustain themselves, species were not ning in 1970 AWF supported the Galana Game home of mountain gorillas U seriously threatened. The human population was Ranch Research Project in Kenya and later the AWF establishes first small, and land remained abundant. Botswana Gemsbok Domestication Project. AWF Conservation Service Center But in the late 19th century, wildlife began to dis- began directly working on community conserva- (CSC) in Arusha, Tanzania, and hires a team of African appear under the more efficient and better-armed tion in 1988 to test the viability of dialogue professionals to help launch colonial hunters. Some animals were simply exter- between park authorities and pastoral communi- community businesses minated as pests. In response, hunting by local peo- ties around Tsavo National Park in Kenya. ple was restricted and strictly protected parks were Building on AWF’s pioneering work in Kenya, the established. Law enforcement and preservation “Protected Areas: Neighbors as Partners” program became the dominant approaches to conservation. expanded to include development of a community When AWF was founded 40 years ago, training conservation service in TANAPA (Tanzania National park wardens to manage these protected areas was Parks) by Patrick Bergin (then freshly out of the a top priority. As conservation thinking has evolved, Peace Corps, now AWF president), the innovative AWF has both supported traditional approaches work of Mark Infield at Lake Mburo Park in Uganda while taking the lead in implementing selected and the creation of a community-run tourist facility Charlotte Conservation “new” approaches to conservation that attempt to adjacent to the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, home Fellowship Program honoring rethink the relationship between people and wildlife. to half the remaining mountain gorillas in the Charlotte Kidder Ramsay is created to help African What is now called “community conservation” world. The Tanzania and Bwindi programs involved conservationists attain is not simply a matter of righting past wrongs, but “benefit sharing”: Tourist revenues from the parks advanced degrees recognizing that virtually none of the parks of East paid for community projects, such as schools and Many aid workers depart, Africa, with the possible exception of Tsavo, is suf- village wells. but IGCP personnel remain ficiently large to include intact ecosystems. Vast Traditional law enforcement in protected areas to protect Virunga’s mountain gorillas; numbers of wildlife—and certainly large predators is relatively straightforward compared to the no gorillas are killed in and herbivores—spend substantial time outside complexities of community conservation, which 1996 and at least nine the strict confines of parks. has been a trial-and-error process even for AWF. babies are born The bottom line? If Africa’s wildlife are to be In Kenya, Richard Leakey introduced an innovative maintained in areas other than large fenced zoos, plan to share 25 percent of park revenues with sur- communities must tolerate the presence of great rounding communities. The program later failed, numbers of wild animals on their land. however, due to insufficient revenue and relatively AWF’s African Heartlands program is designed unsophisticated application. Now in its “second to conserve large, wildlife-rich landscapes in the generation” of community conservation, AWF context of human development. Under this pro- increasingly looks to partnerships between private gram, AWF works closely with local communities businesses such as SERENA and Wilderness to encourage support for conservation among the Safaris to generate benefits to communities people who depend most on natural resources. (see “Partnerships with the Private Sector”). But developing the Heartlands approach has required time and a spirit of innovation. Rethinking traditional conservation began during the early 1960s in Zimbabwe with the work of Raymond Dasmann that eventually evolved into the pioneer CAMPFIRE (Communal Areas

16 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION AWF’S A FRICAN H EARTLANDS

Limpopo Four Corners Heartland 1997 This Heartland spans the borders of Mozambique, Angola, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa and Zimbabwe and includes South Uganda and Zimbabwe Africa’s popular Kruger National Park, which involved in fighting in hosts more than 1.5 million visitors a year. Democratic Republic of Congo AWF’s first “Charlotte Fellows” Maasai-Steppe complete their conservation studies Tanzania’s Tarangire and Lake Manyara National Parks form the core conservation areas of this AWF’s “Living with Lions” large and varied landscape. project examines the coexistence of landowners and animal predators on Samburu Kenya’s Laikipia plateau Located just north of the equator in the rain-shadow of Mt. Kenya, this Heartland includes parts of 1998 Mt. Kenya National AWF Conservation Service Park and Samburu Center opens in Nairobi Four Corners National Reserve, AWF marks a new era in This massive Heartland, named for the region plus extensive ranch African conservation with its where Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe and communal lands. Heartlands program to protect large landscapes of meet near Victoria Falls, boasts spectacular exceptional natural value natural beauty and numerous wildlife species. Virunga In this transfrontier Kilimanjaro Kilimanjaro region of Uganda, Heartland Amboseli National Park, six large Maasai group Rwanda and the ranches, Tanzania’s Kilimanjaro and Arusha Democratic Republic of Congo, the volcanic national parks, as well as Lake Natron and the highlands of the Virungas and Uganda’s Bwindi low-lying savannas of Longido all lie within Impenetrable National Park shelter the last this Heartland. 650 mountain gorillas in the world.

Zambezi This three-country, transboundary landscape 1999 includes a range of biodiverse lands along By late 1999, AWF is the middle stretch of the Zambezi River and operating in four Heartlands: Kilimanjaro, Maasai Steppe, incorporates some of the most outstanding Samburu and Virunga terrestrial and riverine wildlife viewing and scenic landscapes in southern Africa. AWF’s Amboseli Outreach Program is the first by a conservation group to work specifically with young Maasai warriors, or morani

AW F Achievements 1961-2001 Zambezi Heartland 90s AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 17 2000 AWF Zambezi Heartland, encompassing parts of A FRICAN C ONSERVATION C ENTERS Zimbabwe, Zambia and Mozambique, becomes AWF’s fifth Heartland Conservation Centers—most of which are located within African Heartlands—work with AWF opens Conservation Centers in Victoria Falls, communities and individuals to build viable and Zimbabwe, and in conservation-friendly business ventures that White River, South Africa generate income from the presence of wildlife. The strategically located centers are staffed by teams of young African professionals with skills ranging from community mobilization to land-use planning to ecology to law. Their goal is to protect the large percentage of Africa’s wildlife that lives White River CSC. outside parks and reserves. And they do that by helping establish management plans and business 2001 enterprises on these private lands that will Tanzania’s president declares promote wildlife conservation—and generate that Manyara Ranch will be protected as a major wildlife economic benefits for the landowners. corridor—and gives the ranch The five offices that anchor the Conservation to the conservation trust Centers program in east and southern Africa are facilitated by AWF now fully operational, with key staff, basic funding IGCP’s Eugène Rutagarama and other resources in place. Director Isidore receives Goldman Environmental Prize for Gwashure continues to cultivate relationships with protecting Rwanda’s the private sector and to bring specific, commer- mountain gorillas during a cially successful conservation business ventures Nairobi’s Conservation Center staff helped private ranches decade of war ® in the African Heartlands to fruition. and neighboring communities establish Starbed camps, where beds are rolled out at night and guests can sleep Four Corners project These achievements have made AWF the under the stars. With a small investment, communities can in southern Africa preferred conservation partner for donors and create and maintain these profitable tourism enterprises. marks AWF’s largest conservation project ever private-sector organizations wishing to promote wildlife conservation in Africa.

AWF AFRICAN CONSERVATION CENTERS—2001 Kenya — Nairobi Center South Africa — White River Center Tanzania — Arusha Center Uganda — Kampala Center Zimbabwe — Victoria Falls Center

AW F Achievements 1961-2001 00s 18 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION Ways to Give

H OW TO H ELP AWF P ROTECT A FRICA’ S W ILDLIFE

here are many ways to contribute to the giving campaigns for its national environmental African Wildlife Foundation, and all of them are charities, just as the United Way raises funds greatly appreciated. Your gift—however you choose for health and human service charities. AWF’s to make it—makes a lasting statement about your Earth Share number is 919. commitment to saving Africa’s wildlife, their If your workplace participates in the Combined habitats and the people who depend on them. Federal Campaign (CFC), you can contribute to T AWF through payroll deductions. Our CFC GIFTS OF CASH OR CREDIT CARD number is 919. In addition, many employers will The easiest way to contribute to AWF’s ongoing match your gift, enabling you to double or even work is through cash or credit card. You can triple your contribution. Ask your employer for write a check, or make a contribution by VISA, a matching gift application form, and send it MasterCard, Discover or American Express. with your contribution. To donate by credit card, call 202-939-3333 or go to www.awf.org. BEQUESTS AND PLANNED GIFTS AW F offers numerous opportunities for caring HONORING A FRIEND OR FAMILY MEMBER supporters to provide for the future of Africa’s A thoughtful gift is a contribution to AWF in honor wildlife while meeting personal estate and financial or memory of a family member, friend or colleague. goals at the same time. The most popular options Tell us the name of each person you are honoring, are bequests and life income gifts such as charitable and the names and addresses of persons to whom remainder trusts and charitable gift annuities. you would like us to send a card notifying them of Bequests are easy to arrange and provide for your gift. Call 202-939-3333 for information. AW F’s vital program work in perpetuity. Create a living legacy of elephants, mountain gorillas, lions, GIFTS OF APPRECIATED SECURITIES rhinos and other precious creatures by naming Your gift of appreciated securities will enable you AW F as a beneficiary in your will, trust, life insur- to make a valuable contribution to AWF and enjoy ance policy or retirement plan. significant savings at the same time. You receive If you wish to make a bequest to AWF, we suggest an income-tax charitable deduction for the full the following language: “I hereby give ______(specific fair-market value of the securities and avoid all or cash amount, securities, percentage or residuary share) to the part of your capital gains tax. Securities held by African Wildlife Foundation, a charitable corporation incorpo- your broker may be transferred electronically to rated in the District of Columbia and presently having offices our account. Call 202-939-3333 for information at 1400 16th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036.” on how to make the transfer. For more information call 202-939-3333.

GIVING AT YOUR WORKPLACE The African Wildlife Foundation is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) AWF is a member of Earth Share—the federation tax-exempt corporation. AWF’s IRS tax ID number is of leading environmental and conservation 52-0781390. All contributions to the Foundation are organizations. Earth Share manages workplace tax-deductible to the extent allowed by law.

AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 19 AWF Donors

T HANK Y OU

ur deepest appreciation to everyone its efforts to protect African wildlife and their who supported AWF during the period between habitats. While space does not allow us to list all July 1, 2000, and June 30, 2001. Thanks to your donors, please know we are grateful to each and generosity, AWF is able to strengthen and extend every friend of AWF.

Evergreen Fund OHEARTLANDS PARTNERS plains, is an apt symbol for those Fair Play Foundation individuals who sustain AWF’s $100,000 AND ABOVE Caroline Gabel The William H. Donner Foundation Avis S. Goodwin conservation efforts. Earthshare The Hon. & Mrs. William C. Harrop Ford Foundation Christine Hemrick $5,000 to $9,999 David H. Koch Charitable Foundation The Tim and Karen Hixon Foundation Barbara Cox Anthony Mr. & Mrs. David Thomson Robert E. Hungate The Bedminster Fund Mrs. William A. Inskeep Mr. & Mrs. Zohar Ben-Dov CHAIRMAN’S CIRCLE William E. James The R. Z. Biedenharn Foundation George F. Jewett, Jr. 1965 Trust $50,000-$99,999 George A. Binney Dennis & Connie Keller Mr. & Mrs. A.A. Burnand Anonymous MBNA Dr. David Challinor Joe & Joan Cullman Mr. & Mrs. Henry P. McIntosh IV Wayne A. Christopher The Barbara Delano Foundation Anne B. Mize Mr. & Mrs. Frederick H. Dohmen Dorothy Jordan Chadwick Fund Mr. & Mrs. Gordon Moore Dale F. Dorn Eva D. Kern Peter & Eleanor Nalle Howard Finkelstein Randolph K. Luskey The Oakland Zoo Charles C. Gates Sally F. Pingree Anne L. Pattee Nancy J. Hamilton Douglas C. Walker Michael J. Piuze The Roy A. Hunt Foundation Wiancko Family Donor Advised Fund Jane & Paul A. Schosberg Torrence M. Hunt of the Community Foundation of Jackson Hole Dr. & Mrs. Herbert J. Schulman Jeffrey Krinsk $25,000-$49,999 Beverly Spector Ted & Mary Navarré Moore Forrest F. Bramble, Jr. The William B. Stokely Jr. Foundation Lynn Nichols & Jim Gilchrist The Leslie Fund Tapeats Fund Park East Tours William B. Lloyd Mr. & Mrs. Russell Train Thor Ramsing The John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur The Weiler Foundation Mr. & Mrs. William P. Richards, Jr. Foundation Mr. & Mrs. Gordon Wilson Mr. & Mrs. Barry R. Sullivan The Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation Sue Erpf Van de Bovenkamp of Mr. & Mrs. William F. Miller The Armand G. Erpf Fund Frances A. Velay J. D. Wheat $2,500 to $4,999 PRESIDENT’S CIRCLE Kenneth Auchincloss $10,000-$24,999 Jean H. Bankier Anonymous (2) Andrew H. Bickham The Jenifer Altman Foundation Carol L. & James Bruen Maxine Beige BAOBAB SOCIETY Mr. & Mrs. William B. Chappell Crandall C. Bowles Mary L. Contakos The Sidney S. Byers Charitable Trust The Baobab Society honors those Betsy R. Coville, D.V.M. The Cadeau Foundation individuals who support the African Katie H. Doyle Mr. & Mrs. Russell Cowles II Wildlife Foundation with annual gifts Nancy-Carroll Draper Mr. & Mrs. Donald Daniels of $1,000 to $9,999. The baobab tree, The Samuel E. & Hilda S. Duff Trust Robert S. Egerman David Davis a source of moisture, food and shelter Disney Wildlife Conservation Fund Reginald H. Fullerton, Jr. Jane Engel to the inhabitants of Africa’s arid

20 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION William Goldman Clemens Family Foundation Kimberly M. Hughes Jo Anne Post Mr. & Mrs. Judson C. Green Barbara Clements Mrs. Philip Hulitar Thomas P. Prevas John H. Heminway, Jr. James R. Compton Anna Jeffrey John C. Pritzlaff The Allene & Jerome LaPides Mr. & Mrs. Pierre E. Conner, Jr. Daniel & Lane Jones Mr. & Mrs. John C. Pritzlaff Jr. Foundation James C. Converse & Amy Katzman Stephen G. Juelsgaard Claire Proffitt Kevin & Cheryl Leslie Joyce B. Correll George A. Kahrl, Kathleen Crawford Mr. & Mrs. Parker S. Quillen John & Tashia Morgridge Anne Galloway Curtis Kahrl & Peter Jessup Crawford Frances Ramin Mr. & Mrs. William Murdy Anne Cusic–Tracks/USA Kahrl Robert A. Ramin Philip Osborne Mary A. Dahlgren Harriet A. Karkut William Ramsay The San Diego Foundation Adonai William D. Dana Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Thomas W. Keesee III Judy Rasmuson Foundation Fund at the James A. Davidson Robert N. Kohman Dean Remington recommendation of Pierre De Villiers Mrs. Hallam J. Koons Nancy R. Rice Scott & Marline Pallais Detroit Zoological Society Stephen & Pamela Kriegh Mr. & Mrs. Frank Ritchey Kathleen Pritchard Eva Dewitz Anne Krizman Eleanor Roach Bayard Rea Mrs. Del Donati John D. Lamb Aileen V. Roberts Henry M. Rines Louise I. Doyle Peter & Deborah Lamm Mr. & Mrs. T. Gary Rogers Mr. & Mrs. Andrew Sabin Barbara T. Dregallo Rosemary and Ted Lassiter George W. Rosborough Mr. & Mrs. Stuart T. Saunders, Jr. Drs. Wilfried & Gisela Eckhardt Foundation Jacqueline S. Russell Harold A. Schessler Mr. & Mrs. William Edison Philip A Lathrap Robin Salmon Mr. & Mrs. N. S. Seastedt Eleanor J. Ellis Belina Lazzar Lylah M. Schieck Don & Estelle Shay Gertrude B. Emerson Mrs. Howard Lewis, Jr. Mrs. J. Vincent Schlegel Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey R. Short, Jr.* Mr. & Mrs. Hamilton Emmons Phoebe R. Lewis Elinor V. Schmidt Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey M. Spatz Albert & Eleanor Engler David Lowenstein Mr. & Mrs. Charles B. Scofield Mr. & Mrs. Melville Straus Linda L. Evans Luster Family Foundation K. Seshadri James B. Taylor Richard & Rebecca Evans Mr. & Mrs. John W. Madigan Virginia Shirley Mr. & Mrs. James Treadway Foundation John Malcolm Mrs. Robert V. Sibert Frederick S. Upton Foundation Robert F. Fairchild Brian C. Malk Mr. & Mrs. Jonathan Smith Fritz T. Wegmann Janice P. Farrell Ann Louise Mapes Walter R. Spofford Susan M. West Flora Feigenspan Alison P. Marks The Stans Foundation $1,000 to $2,499 Clinton A. Fields George G. Matthews William Stein Charitable Fund of the Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Fisk Mr. & Mrs. Peter Matthiessen Kalamazoo Foundation Anonymous (2) Jeffrey & Robin Fleck Kathleen L. McCarthy Mr. & Mrs. Joseph T. Steuer Oliver Aspegren Mr. & Mrs. Lee M. Folger Michael McCracken Frances W. Stevenson Barbara Babcock Alexander C. Forbes Patricia McCurdy Frank A. Stivers S. A. Banks Carolyn N. & Jean Fraley W. Wallace McDowell, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Theodore Story III Phyllis Barlow The Franklin Mint Stevenson McIlvaine & Penelope Mr. & Mrs. George Strauss B. W. Bastian Foundation Mitchel Fromm Breese Sabin Streeter Mr. & Mrs. Robert H. Bates Tanina Frouge S. W. McIntire Scott Struthers Jeffry W. Baum Pika Fund Katharine R. McLane Mr. & Mrs. Robert D. Stuart, Jr. Connie Beacom Oliver M. Gale Carl Mellentine Joanna Sturm Beverly S. Bender The Ann & Gordon Getty Foundation Mr. & Mrs. Richard Melsheimer Louis F. Tagliatela Mrs. Lucy Wilson Benson Joyce A. Godwin Daniel Miklovic Thomas Talbert Mr. & Mrs. Don Blenko Genevieve W. Gore Mr. & Mrs. Frank A. Miller Frederick H. Test John & Linda Bohlsen Alice & Henry Graefe Kristie Miller Dr. & Mrs. J. P. Theo Eunice M. Borman Leila S. Green Catherine & Richard Moore John L. Thorndike Frances C. Braxton Ruth C. Greenberg Hatsy H. Moore Mrs. B. W. Thoron Mr. & Mrs. Garrison W. Brinton Kristen Griesemer Kenneth F. Mountcastle, Jr. Richard C. Timm Mrs. Walter F. Brissenden Doris G. Griffith Mr. & Mrs. James Nelson Dorothy C. Treisman John S. Brown Mr. & Mrs. Patrick W. Gross Maxine R. Nemiroff Uncharted Outposts International Magalen O. Bryant David Gulden Mr. & Mrs. Ofer Nemirovsky David P. Vanderveen Carla Buck & Jack Levy Karen Gupta Marc Nerem Cinda & Arthur Verbin Rev. & Mrs. C. Frederick Buechner Richard & Kathlene Guth Mr. & Mrs. John H. Norris Sally K. Wade Maynard P. Buehler Heather & Paul Haaga Colin O’Connor Julius Walthall Mrs. John A. Buesseler Mr. & Mrs. Charles P. Haber Martha O’Rourke Washington Foundation Fund Mr. & Mrs. George R. Bunn, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Michael Hamm The Ohrstrom Foundation Carlota Webster Steven L. Caicco & Jody E. Brown Sally & John Hands Out of Africa Park, Inc. M. G. Webster Phebe Cambata Dr. & Mrs. Alan D. Harley The Overall Family Foundation Jean Werts Vera L. Carlson The William H. & Mattie Wattis JoAnne Overleese, M.D. Frederick J. Weyerhaeuser Winifred T. Carter Harris Foundation Janet P. Owen Mrs. Phyllis Whitney-Tabor Mr. & Mrs. Tom R. Casselman Brian N. Hebeisen Mr. & Mrs. Henry M. Paulson, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Bill D. Wigger John & Theresa Cederholm Mr. & Mrs. Harvard K. Hecker Frances G. Pepper Stewart Willason & Elizabeth Kirsch Clara G. Cist Mr. & Mrs. Peter Heydon Charles L. Phillimore Mrs. Howard Willett, Jr. Elena Citkowitz Mr. & Mrs. James W. Hovey Louis B. Pieper Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Frederick F. Williams Christina Clayton & Stanley Kolber Tom Hoyt Leslie F. Pomerantz Linda P. Williams

AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 21 Thomas L. Williams Eleanor S. Fenton Robert M. Lowen Karleen Turnbull Dr. & Mrs. John A. Wilson James T. Field Carol Lushear Nadia Von Nimitz Mr. & Mrs. John H. T. Wilson Oksana Folwarkiw Louise R. Malakoff Emily V. Wade John Winn Lorie A. Frankovic Ross Manley Rachel Walton Nancy Hamill Winter Andrew L. Frey Helen Marini Donald E. Way Stephen K. Woo Carol Frick Mr. & Mrs. Gary Marshall Katharine B. Whipple Mrs. Gordon Wright Lynn Friesen Rochelle J. Martel Betsy M. Whiting R. Michael Wright Mitchell M. Geffen Jean D. Matusz Kenneth J. Wiesen Lisa Yano Michael Ginn Michael McConnell Richard Winchell $500 to $999 Walter E. Gist John McQuillan Eleanora M. Worth Wayne Glaser Sally McVeigh Montague Yudelman Anonymous (1) Beverly E. Gough Rachel L. Mellon John J. Zanetti Glenn Alexander Barbara W. Graham Herbert Middleton Alfred G. Zantzinger Sarah R. Allan Nancy H. Green A S. Mobley Steve J. Zlotkin Mrs. Robert Amory, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Richard C. Green Jane E. Moore *deceased Robert L. Andrus Elizabeth Griffin Ann Morris Elinor M. Aregger Herbert W. Gullquist James E. Murphy Marc Armstrong Laurie Gunst Josephine L. Murray Barbara Atwood Mary Haldane John Murtfeldt Agnes C. Balfour Mrs. Chester Hamilton Roger W. Neill Mr. & Mrs. Robert W. Barbour Jeffrey Hansen New Adventures, Inc. Hal Barebo Mr. & Mrs. George H. Harmon Marguerite S. Nichols Charles Barton George Harrel Susan O’Connor Mr. & Mrs. Robert Bateman Susan M. Harrigan Elizabeth W. Oberdorfer Mr. & Mrs. Richmond S. Bates Marie Hertzig C. W. E. Paine ILIMANJARO Lucia V. Batten Eric J. Heyward Heidi Palmer K Francis J. Beatty Dorothy S. Hines Virginia L. Payne SOCIETY Mr. & Mrs. Peter Benedict Georgianna Holbrook Steven Petak African Wildlife Mr. & Mrs. Warren Bicknell III James C. Holcomb Timothy Peters Fred Blackwood Herbert Horvitz Frederick D. Petrie Foundation is pleased to Margaret S. Block Elizabeth Hubbard Judith Pickersgill honor members of the Mr. & Mrs. Michael A. Bloom George Jacobus Betsy P. Prudden Kilimanjaro Society, a Thomas & Cecelia Bolz Lois Jensen Marion N. Purcell Peter W. Booth group of extraordinary Thomas I. Jensen Helen M. Ranney AWF supporters who have Mena & David Boulanger Robert M. Johnson William A. Rea Ron & Susan Briggs Wendy M. Johnson Hans Ris included our organization K. D. Brown Robert A. Johnston Foundation Kenneth J. Ryan in their wills or through Robert C. Brumber Judy M. Judd Gladys Sanders other estate or financial Jim Brundige Helen F. Kelbert Christine Saridakis plans. Bequests and Waltraud Buckland Brooks Kelley Takako Sato Grinnel Burke Kathleen Kemper & Gary B. Smith John W. Schieffelin planned gifts provide for Carol S. Campbell Dudley J. Kierulff Betty L. Schnaar AW F’s vital program work Catherine Caneau Linda Kiger Charles Scott in perpetuity. Future Judith L. Carlson Layton E. King Sandra P. Seidenfeld Anne Chapman generations of elephants, Henry A. Kissinger Philip R. Siegelbaum mountain gorillas, lions, Eugene C. Coan Evelyn Klingel James G. Simmonds John B. Colquitt Kathleen Knight Frederick M. Smith rhinos and other precious Elizabeth Colton Joelle K. Kornell Martita Smith creatures will become a Molly E. Cope Katharine Kosmak Stephen S. Smith living legacy of our Bradford Coupe Lee Kottke Stan C. Smock members’ farsighted Karin Danby Carol Kurtz Jon Spitz Toni Davison Leonard M. Kurz Martha Steenstrup generosity. Mr. & Mrs. Robert G. Dawson Art Laboe Nathan Sung Mag Dimond Susan E. Lake-Rawson Catherine G. Symchych Anonymous (74) Patricia A. Donahue Robert Lande Virginia M. Tate Aileen Titus Allen Theodore S. Donaldson Robert C. Larson Donna A. Taylor Jeane Ann Allen Mr. & Mrs. Gerry Doubleday Cynthia Leary Danielle Thu Mary P. Amos Maud B. Duke Mel Levy Mrs. Benjamin C. Tilghman Janet E. Armstrong Henry W. Edgell Roxanne W. Levy Sally S. Tongren Barbara Babcock Mark Eisner Eleanor N. Lewis Mr. & Mrs. Robert M. Topol Anne Baer H. N. Elliott William Lichtenberger William C. Tost Joan Slatkin Barton Joel Epstein Mr. & Mrs. Andrew Lindblad Tree of Life, Inc. Mrs. D. G. Batch Erb Foundation Adams D. Little Jan Tullis Richmond & Lili Bates Marjorie L. Fasman Jennifer Loggie Aaron Turkewitz Marlys J. Becker

22 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION Jane B. Beckwith Jacqueline S. Russell Walter L. Schwartz Sedgwick, Inc. Surya Bolom Hassan A. Sachedina Harry J. Sommer Spear, Leads & Kellogg James R. & Suzanne M. Brock Christine Saridakis in memory of Gifts in memory of John Sutton Sun Microsystems Foundation Col. Dellas A. & Anita G. Brown Dianne T. Graffenreid Evelyn L. Taylor Sussman Family Foundation Mrs. Waltraud Buckland Stuart T. Saunders, Jr. Margaret J. Walsh Swiss Bank Corporation Ruth E. Burkhardt Irene Schwall Darcia Weiss Time Warner, Inc. Drs. Robert B. P. & Cynthia R. Burns Margaret Seneshen Alec Wilder The Times Mirror Foundation John & Theresa Cederholm Anahit D. Shaterian Gifts in memory of Pam Wright Transamerica Foundation Elena Citkowitz Gloria A. Shidler The UPS Foundation William D. Crooks III Leon & Fern Siegel Matching Gifts Program US West Louis Brendan Curran Vivian C. Sontag Contributors The USF&G Foundation Susan M. Curry Bill & Jeanne St. Clair 3Com Corporation United Technologies Dianne C. Dana Nadine Bertin Stearns Adobe Systems, Inc. Vastar Resources, Inc. David C. DeLaCour Nancy M. Stevens American Express Foundation Verizon Foundation Joyce Dobkins Shelby J. Stifle American International Group, Inc. Washington Post Matching Gifts Albert & Eleanor Engler Judy Stonehouse Arco Foundation Inc. Program Sharon Edel Finzer Leila Maw Straus BP Amoco Foundation, Inc. The Waste Management Barbara L. Flowers William M. Taylor BP Exploration & Oil Inc. Foundation Constance F. Frazier Richard C. Timm BankAmerica Foundation Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company Melanie G. Fredericks Laura A. & Wayne J. Wathen Becton Dickinson Foundation Paul & Luanne Gagliano Matthew & Ann Weir Bell Atlantic Foundation W. A. & Lela Garard Jean Werts The Black and Decker Corporation Public and Jane W. Gaston Linda M. White The Candle Foundation International Support Lovelle Gibson Phyllis Whitney-Tabor The Capital Group Companies, Inc. British Government, Department Susan M. Gonzalez R. Michael Wright Champion International Corporation for International Development, Avis S. Goodwin Mr. & Mrs. Roger Young The Chase Manhattan Foundation British Assistance to Small M. M. Graff Chicago Tribune Foundation Enterprise (BASE) Carroll Ann Hodges In Memoriam The Chubb Corporation Elefriends/SAVE Mrs. William A. Inskeep We honor in memoriam the The Church of Jesus Christ of Environmental Systems Reasearch Peggy N. Jackson-Prager Latter-Day Saints Foundation Institute, Conservation Kathryn C. Johnson & Scott R. following AWF supporters Citicorp Foundation Technology Support Program Berry whose bequests and gifts in Compaq Matching Gifts Program European Union Pauline E. Kayes remembrance are providing Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Fauna and Flora International Mary E. Kent important program support Exxon Corporation Karl Mayer Foundation Eva D. Kern in perpetuity: Firstar Foundation United States Agency for Mrs. Hallam J. Koons General Re Corporation International Development Kenneth A. Kreinheder Gifts in memory of Von Amon The J. Paul Getty Foundation United States Department of Kirk & Marjorie E. Lawton Gifts in memory of Craig C. Black GiveForChange.com/Egrants.org Interior Cheryl & Kevin Leslie Esther Bloomer Houghton Mifflin Company United States Fish and Wildlife Joyce Leyland Helene K. Bracken IBM International Foundation Service George Loukides & Sam M. Tomlin Ruth Bunker ING Barings Corporation University of Manchester, Denise Lowe Dr. Harry X. Cohen Jefferies Group, Inc. Institute of Development and Mr. & Mrs. Dwight E. Lowell II Gifts in memory of Fred R. Crofoot John Hancock Mutual Life Policy Management Malcolm & Trish Lund Edith K. Demrick Insurance Co. World Wide Fund for Nature Carol Lushear Marjorie A. DeVlieg Jurika & Voyles, L.P. Capt. & Mrs. Earl E. Maxfield, Jr. Samuel E. & Hilda S. Duff Trust Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation Contributed Services Mr. & Mrs. Henry P. McIntosh IV Dale L. Harshman Massachusetts Mutual Life Art for the Animals Katharine R. McLane Dorothy Hirshon Insurance Co. James Balog Dorris W. Mediate Gifts in memory of Lew Hurxthal McDonald’s Corporation Steve Bein Sam & Sylvia Messin Jeanne Gloria Lee McDonnell Douglas Mark Boulton Patricia L. Minnick Ruth C. Manley Merrill Lynch & Co. Foundation, Inc. Howard Gilman Foundation Jo Ann Moore Gifts in memory of Robinson Microsoft Peter Hetz Phyllis F. Mount McIlvane The Millipore Foundation Huntsinger and Jeffer Mary Beth Napoli Gifts in memory of Babs Melnick Mobil Foundation, Inc. Leo Burnett U.S.A. Ronald K. & Victoria M. Neill Jean M. Mitchell Monsanto Fund Jane Ottenberg & Richard Mr. & Mrs. John H. Norris Julius W. Muench J. P. Morgan Charitable Trust Creighton, The Magazine Group Dr. & Mrs. Samuel L. Peacock Sally H. Patterson Pepsico Foundation Inc. T*Com Corporation, Japan Jon & Analee Perica Gifts in memory of Dr. Wilbur Pfizer, Inc. Harriet-Anne Duell Pierson Pritchard Philip Morris Companies Inc. Mr. & Mrs. Joseph T. Pollock Gifts in memory of Tyler Rigg Polaroid Foundation, Inc. Kathy D. Preziosi Leonard R. Sargent The Prudential Foundation Margaret C. Reardon Harriet S. Schaenen Rachem Corporation Eleanor Roach Elizabeth C. Schmitz Reader’s Digest Foundation John R. Routley Donna Lee Smith Residential Funding Corporation Frank J. Rus, Jr. The Rockefeller Foundation

AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION 23 Financial Review

Statement of Activities Statement of Financial Position For the year ending June 30, 2001, with comparative totals for 2000 As of June 30, 2001

Current year operating revenues and expenses 2001 2000 Assets 2001 2000 Revenues Cash and cash equivalents $ 968,189 $ 1,241,844 Individuals $ 3,199,333 $ 2,795,031 Investments 5,363,296 5,337,920 Corporations and foundations 734,958 751,753 Accrued interest 9,923 Government grants and contracts 3,589,089 2,042,638 Accounts receivable 198,508 260,869 In-kind contributions 54,400 442,290 Government grants receivable 3,317,940 3,148,409 Nonoperating income utilized 619,301 287,324 Pledges and bequests receivable 578,537 1,098,226 Royalties and other earned revenues 163,227 169,294 Prepaid expenses 4,110 14,776 Total unrestricted revenues, gains and other support 8,360,308 6,488,330 Net property and equipment 98,717 162,095 Beneficial interest in Expenses perpetual trust 33,702 41,568 Program expenses: Total assets 10,562,999 11,315,630 Conservation field and policy programs 6,899,560 5,280,911 Public education 808,477 1,044,844 Liabilities 7,708,037 6,325,755 Accounts payable and Supporting services expenses: accrued expenses 278,333 221,104 Finance and administration 406,404 595,692 Annuities payable 90,738 42,289 Fundraising 653,975 800,458 Total liabilities 369,071 263,393 1,060,379 1,396,150 Net Assets Total expenses 8,768,416 7,721,905 Unrestricted 6,654,899 7,098,599 Current year operating revenues over operating expenses (408,108) (1,233,575) Temporarily restricted 3,449,529 3,857,637 Permanently restricted 89,500 96,001 Nonoperating activities and pledges Nonoperating activities Total net assets 10,193,928 11,052,237 Bequests and endowments 621,497 1,415,118 Total liabilities and net assets $ 10,562,999 $ 11,315,630 Income from long-term investments (452,397) 667,865 Nonoperating funds utilized (619,301) (287,324) Total nonoperating activities and pledges (450,201) 1,795,659

Increase (Decrease) in net assets (858,309) 562,084 Net assets at beginning of year 11,052,237 10,490,153 Net assets at end of year $ 10,193,928 $ 11,052,237

Total Revenues Total Expenses $8,360,308 $8,768,416

Finance and administration Other income 5% Fundraising 10% 7% Public education 9% Heartlands 37% Government Individuals Field grants and 38% operations contracts 5% 43%

Program management & Corporations technical design Conservation and foundations 15% Centers 9% 22%

24 AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION STAFF Virunga TRUSTEES Dr. Patrick J. Bergin, President and CEO, Washington Helga Rainer, Country Program Officer, IGCP, Uganda Stuart T. Saunders, Jr., Chair Dr. Helen W. Gichohi, Vice President for Program, Nairobi Stephen Asuma, Project Officer, IGCP, Uganda William P. Richards, Jr., Vice Chair Thomas W. Nichols, Vice President for Operations and Maryke Gray, Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, IGCP Rwanda Patrick J. Bergin, President CFO, Washington Anecto Kayitare, Project Officer, IGCP, Rwanda Victoria Leslie, Secretary Douglas C. Walker, Treasurer Robert A. Ramin, Vice President for Development and Mark Mwine, Senior Enterprise Officer, Rwanda Crandall C. Bowles Marketing, Washington Wendy M. Breck Rosalind J. Aveling, Director, Program Design, Nairobi Arusha Center George R. Bunn, Jr. Dr. James Kahurananga, Head of Center and Coordinator David Challinor Washington Center Nurdin Abdallah, Gardener Joan Donner Carleena Allen, Senior Staff Accountant Emmanuel Gwandu, Office Caretaker Dale F. Dorn Elvira Beckner, Office and Information Systems Manager Rehema Iddi, Office Assistant Judson C. Green Jeffrey Chrisfield, Accounting Manager Godson Kadallah, Driver Leila S. Green Lynn Foden, Program Development Officer Jacob Karua, Driver John H. Heminway Katharine Frohardt, Program Technical Director Abdul Katabaro, Senior Administrative Officer Christine Hemrick Amy Hauser, Development Officer, Annual Giving Allan Kijazi, Project Officer Jennifer E. Inskeep and Membership Alfred Kikoti, Project Officer William E. James Dennis J. Keller Adam Henson, Program Officer Joseph Koimere, Game Scout Robin Lloyd Ronessa Kirby, Receptionist/Staff Assistant John Kombe, Guard Henry P. McIntosh IV Victoria Lyimo, Administration and Finance Assistant Beverly Matlock, Accounting Manager Anne B. Mize Christina Nelson, Development Assistant Salome Makange, Legal Officer Eleanor G. Nalle Felix Otieno, Assistant to the President Elizabeth Mhando, Administrative Support Officer John H. Norris Irene Szturo, Gift Planning Officer Tiplit Mkaine, Game Scout Jacqueline S. Russell Julie Thompson, Budget Manager Tusime Mutabuzi, Driver Paul A. Schosberg Harry Van Der Linde, Program Officer Davis S. Mziray, Driver Craig R. Sholley Annika Vieira, Program Development Officer Semetei Ngauwo, Game Scout Lisa M. Stevens Amy Wiedemann, Program Development Administrator Rafael Ole Mako, Project Officer Barry R. Sullivan William Winslow, Director of Finance Lemidia Orkine, Game Scout David Thomson Susan Wyse, Accounting Assistant Lengiro Orngiro, Game Scout Matthew T. Weir Lucas Silim, Driver Gordon Wilson Nairobi Center Abu-baker Wandera, Monitoring & Evaluation Project Officer Trustees Emeriti Dr. Philip Muruthi, Head of Center and Ally Hamadi Yahaya, Driver Arthur W. Arundel Sally Patterson Chief Scientist S E.U. Curtis Bohlen Zambezi Center Peter Chira, Driver George C. Hixon Marianne Dang’ana, Program Assistant Henry Mwima, Head of Center and Coordinator Richard M. Jackson Nyokabi Gitahi, Legal Associate Ben Chanda, Project Officer Russell E. Train Moses N. Kanene, CSC Manager Leonard Dikobe, Project Officer Rashid Kanyou, Driver/Office Assistant Kingsley Gofhamodimo, Senior Enterprise Officer Editorial Ezekiel N. King’ola, Office Manager Harare Sharon K. Congdon, Annette Lanjouw, Director, IGCP Isidore Gwashure, Director, Conservation Enterprise The Magazine Group Peter Lembuya, Senior Project Officer Simon Metcalfe, Technical Director, Southern Africa Declyne Likombe, Receptionist Kariba Design James Mithamo, LAN Administrator Dora Kamweneshe, Coordinator Kevin Hambel, Doris W. Murimi, Assistant Finance Manager Jimmiel Mandima, Project Officer The Magazine Group Polly W. Mwangi, Human Resources Administrator Livingstone Christine Nafula, Accounting Assistant Charles Akashambatwa, Community Development Officer Production Management Daniel Njoroge, Systems and Compliance Assistant Patricia Jere, Legal Officer Soliteir Jaeger, Jane N. Njoroge, Finance Support Officer Nicholas Mulemena, Accounts Assistant The Magazine Group Rachel Oketch, Accounting Assistant, IGCP Wairimu Mungai, Senior Enterprise Officer Raymond R. Rumsey, Jr., Chief, Systems and Administration Victor Mwengwe, Driver Photography Eugene Rutagarama, Program Manager, IGCP Lusaka Mark Boulton, a zoologist and educator, has worked Hassan Sachedina, Senior Project Officer David Mulolani, Enterprise Services Manager as an international Victoria Falls Tirus Wainaina, Library Assistant environmental educa- Patrick Wakhu, NRM Specialist Charles Govo, Senior Administrative Officer tor for 30 years. He Joanna Elliott, Technical Director, Europe Faith Manthenge, Receptionist founded and directs Namanga George Ndlovu, Office Assistant the International Paul Ntiati, Coordinator Nesbert Samu, CSC Manager Centre for Conservation Education. Raphael Jingu, Senior Landscape Conservation Officer Thinkwell Sangweni, Driver His images are offered by Jonathan Lekanayia, Project Officer David Sumba, Monitoring and Evaluation Officer PhotoResearchers and Bruce Teresia Mburu, Office Assistant Coleman, and he has made his Alexander Mungai, Driver White River Center photographs available pro bono to Ben Mwongela, Senior Enterprise Officer Elizabeth Chadri, Head of Center and CSC Manager selected nonprofit groups, including Stephen Ndegwa, Driver Patrick Chauke, Senior Enterprise Manager AWF and many African NGOs. Samburu Promise Chibi, Office Assistant Mark Boulton Fiesta A. Warinwa, Landscape Conservation Officer Lamson Maluleke, Community Development Officer Conservation Education Consultants Gichuhi Kariuki, Driver Freddy Mathabela, Field Assistant +44 (0) 1242 674839 Johnson Mjomba, Driver Magdalena Olivier, Administration and Finance Officer [email protected] Wangeci Mwai, Enterprise Development Officer Paul Njuguna, Office Assistant

Printed on Recycled Paper AFRICAN WILDLIFE FOUNDATION C3 WASHINGTON, D.C., OFFICE 1400 Sixteenth Street, N.W. Suite 120 Washington, D.C. 20036 tel: 202-939-3333 fax: 202-939-3332 e-mail: [email protected]

AFRICAN CONSERVATION CENTERS Nairobi, Kenya White River, South Africa Arusha, Tanzania Kampala, Uganda Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe