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Lingvistická Analýza Sportovní Terminologie V Současné Ruštině (Smíšená Bojová Umění)

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Lingvistická Analýza Sportovní Terminologie V Současné Ruštině (Smíšená Bojová Umění) Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav slavistiky Ruský jazyk a literatura Tomáš Valas Lingvistická analýza sportovní terminologie v současné ruštině (smíšená bojová umění) Bakalářská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Jiří Gazda, CSc. 2018 Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou diplomovou práci vypracoval samostatně pod vedením doc. PhDr. Jiřího Gazdy, CSc. pouze s použitím pramenů, které uvádím v seznamu použité literatury. …………………………………………. Podpis autora práce Poděkování Na tomto místě bych rád poděkoval panu doc. PhDr. Jiřímu Gazdovi, CSc., za jeho cenné rady, ochotu a trpělivost. OBSAH ÚVOD ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 I TEORETICKÁ ČÁST ..................................................................................................................... 3 1 Smíšená bojová umění ................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Pravidla ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.1.1 Povolené a zakázané techniky ..................................................................................... 4 1.1.2 Kola ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.1.3 Vybavení a ring ........................................................................................................... 4 1.1.4 Ukončení zápasu .......................................................................................................... 5 1.1.5 Váhové kategorie ......................................................................................................... 6 2 Historie smíšených bojových umění ........................................................................................... 7 3 Historie a současnost smíšených bojových umění v Rusku ........................................................ 9 4 Smíšená bojová umění v České republice ................................................................................. 11 II PRAKTICKÁ ČÁST ..................................................................................................................... 12 5 Analýza lexikálního materiálu z hlediska tematického ............................................................. 13 5.1 Zápasnická terminologie ................................................................................................... 13 5.1.1 Obecné sportovní výrazy (96 slov a slovních spojení) .............................................. 13 5.2 Zápas ................................................................................................................................. 16 5.2.1 Průběh zápasu (92 slov a slovních spojení) ............................................................... 16 5.2.2 Příprava k zápasu a dění před zápasem (25 slov a slovních spojení) ........................ 18 5.2.3 Ukončení zápasu a dění po zápasu (26 slov a slovních spojení) ............................... 18 5.3 Pravidla (27 slov a slovních spojení) ................................................................................. 19 5.4 Technika (153 slov a slovních spojení) ............................................................................. 20 5.4.1 Techniky postoje (82 slov a slovních spojení) .......................................................... 20 5.4.2 Techniky boje na blízko (55 slov a slovních spojení) ............................................... 22 5.5 Bojové sporty (18 slov a slovních spojení) ....................................................................... 23 5.6 Osoby (57 slov a slovních spojení) ................................................................................... 24 5.6.1 Zápasníci (26 slov a slovních spojení) ...................................................................... 24 5.6.2 Ostatní (31 slov a slovních spojení) .......................................................................... 25 5.7 Termíny z anatomie (40 slov a slovních spojení) .............................................................. 25 5.8 Vybavení (69 slov a slovních spojení) .............................................................................. 26 5.8.1 Rukavice a chrániče (26 slov a slovních spojení) ...................................................... 26 5.8.2 Ostatní vybavení (31 slov a slovních spojení) ........................................................... 27 5.8.3 Prostředí (12 slov a slovních spojení)........................................................................ 28 6 Analýza lexikálního materiálu z hlediska slovnědruhového ..................................................... 29 6.1 Substantiva ........................................................................................................................ 29 6.2 Singularia tantum (12 slov) ............................................................................................... 33 6.3 Pluralia tantum (2 slova) ................................................................................................... 34 6.4 Nesklonná substantiva (10 slov) ........................................................................................ 35 6.5 Adjektiva (25 slov) ............................................................................................................ 35 6.6 Verba (64 slov) .................................................................................................................. 36 6.7 Adverbia (5 slov) ............................................................................................................... 37 7 Analýza lexikálního materiálu z hlediska slovotvorného a strukturního................................... 38 7.1 Jednoslovné výrazy ........................................................................................................... 38 7.1.1 Slova neodvozená (kořenová) ................................................................................... 38 7.1.2 Adaptované přejímky ................................................................................................ 39 7.2 Morfologický způsob tvoření slov ..................................................................................... 39 7.2.1 Slova složená ............................................................................................................. 39 7.2.2 Slova odvozená .......................................................................................................... 41 7.2.3 Konverze ................................................................................................................... 45 7.3 Slovní spojení .................................................................................................................... 46 7.3.1 Atributivně-substantivní spojení ............................................................................... 46 7.3.2 Verbonominální slovní spojení .................................................................................. 50 8 Analýza lexikálního materiálu z hlediska provenienčního ........................................................ 52 8.1 Slova domácího původu .................................................................................................... 52 8.1.1 Substantiva ................................................................................................................ 52 8.1.2 Verba (54 slov) .......................................................................................................... 54 8.1.3 Ostatní ....................................................................................................................... 55 8.2 Slova přejatá ze živých cizích jazyků ................................................................................ 56 8.2.1 Slova přejatá z angličtiny (78 slov) ........................................................................... 56 8.2.2 Slova přejatá z francouzštiny (28 slov) ..................................................................... 58 8.2.3 Slova přejatá z jiných živých jazyků ......................................................................... 58 8.2.4 Slova latinského původu (37 slov) ............................................................................ 60 8.2.5 Slova řeckého původu (12 slov) ................................................................................ 61 8.3 Hybridní složeniny (5 slov) ............................................................................................... 61 ZÁVĚR .................................................................................................................................................. 63 РЕЗЮМЕ .............................................................................................................................................. 66 SEZNAM POUŽITÉ LITERATURY ................................................................................................... 69 RUSKO-ČESKÝ ZÁPASNICKÝ SLOVNÍČEK ................................................................................. 72 ÚVOD Bojové sporty, zejména box, se těší velké oblibě již dlouhá desetiletí. Vzpomeňme například 50. léta, kdy se na vrcholu své kariéry pohyboval legendární Rocky Marciano, v 70. letech se zase na titulní straně nejednoho sportovního časopisu objevoval boxer Muhammad Ali, či 90. léta a s nimi spojovaný „Iron“ Mike Tyson. V dnešní době se však do
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