DOCSLIB.ORG

Bangor University DOCTOR of PHILOSOPHY Does Co-Management Programme Reconcile Community Interests and Forest Conservation:A Case

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bangor University DOCTOR of PHILOSOPHY Does Co-Management Programme Reconcile Community Interests and Forest Conservation:A Case Bangor University DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Does Co-Management programme reconcile community interests and forest conservation:A Case study of Malawi Chinangwa, Linda Award date: 2014 Awarding institution: Bangor University Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Oct. 2021 DOES CO-MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME RECONCILE COMMUNITY INTERESTS AND FOREST CONSERVATION: A CASE STUDY OF MALAWI. A Thesis Submitted in Candidature for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) By Linda Lindizgani Robert Chinangwa School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom. August, 2014. THESIS ABSTRACT There is an increasing consensus that access to forests and forest resources can contribute positively to the reduction of poverty among rural households in developing countries. Furthermore, forests contribute global environmental services such as mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration. Therefore, sustainable management of forest resources is paramount to ensuring that these resources and services are available for current and future generations of nearby rural populations as well as more distant stakeholders. For most governments and their partners one of the key challenges to achieving sustainable forest resources is identifying a forest management approach that reconciles community interests and forest conservation goals. Currently forest co-management approaches receive support from governments and the donor community because they are hypothesised to have the potential to simultaneously advance community livelihood goals and forest conservation. However, there is limited evidence to support this hypothesis. Therefore this study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to provide empirical evidence on the extent to which co-management programmes achieve sustainable forest management and reconcile multiple stakeholders’ interest in forests and forest conservation goals. The study uses the case study of the Improved Forest Management for Sustainable Livelihoods Programme (IFMSLP) in Malawi, which is funded by the European Union. The study was conducted in with Zomba district (Zomba-Malosa forest reserve) and Ntchisi district (Ntchisi forest reserve). Household interviews and forest inventory were used to: explore what local actors perceive as criteria for measuring the success of a co-management programme; assess whether co- management can achieved true devolution of powers and responsibilities to local institutions; assess the impact of co-management on forest condition, and; estimate the current livelihood and welfare impacts of the programme. The study shows that, other aspects of co-management and sustainable forest management such as: community participation in decision making; access to and availability of forest resources; and infrastructure development (which are usually not included in forest management impact assessment studies), are also important criteria for assessing a co-management programme from local actor’s perspective. The study also reveals that it is difficult for co- management programmes to realize true devolution because governments retain ownership of the forest and there is limited political will among state authorities to devolve rights and responsibilities to local institutions. The findings of this study suggest that the impact of a co-management programme on forest conditions may vary depending on pre-existing forest conditions as well as on how participating communities understand and interpret the programme. Therefore, due to lack of information on forest condition before the programme, it is difficult to determine the effect of co-management on forest conditions from one-time study data, even with method triangulation. 63% of respondents perceive that co-management has had no impact on their livelihoods. However, 80% are willing to pay) annual membership fees (mean = 812 Malawi kwacha ≈ $2) to participate in the programme, because of perceived possible future benefits. This shows that local people are investing their time and labour in co-management based on optimistic expectations, which puts them at a risk of being taken advantage of by programme initiators as there is no guarantee of a future benefit. Therefore, the opportunity cost of communities’ participation in co-management activities which provide global environmental benefits, is an important reason for governments to consider inclusion of Payment of Ecosystems Services (PES) in the programmes. Finally, the finding of this study suggest that forest co- management has the potential to reconcile community interests and forest conservation, however local actors’ attitudes; unaccountable institutions; tenure systems and; limited knowledge and skill development among local actors may limit its effectiveness. i DEDICATION To Atle-Rodney and Zoe Lindizgani-Rexa (I wouldn’t have done it differently!) v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank my supervisors Prof. Andrew Pullin and Dr. Neal Hockley, for all the technical assistance, advice and guidance you rendered me throughout my study. I would also like to express my appreciation to Dr Fergus Sinclair and the Word Agroforestry Centre team (Nairobi), for your assistance and financial support during the field work. Special thanks go to the Malawi Government for funding my studies. I am grateful for the support given to me by Mr J. Mussa (DLRC) and Mr F. Linje (PHRMO). I would also like to give special thanks to communities in Zomba and Ntchisi, who shared their time and lives with me, and made this study possible. Am also grateful to the staff of Department of forestry (Malawi) especially, Mr T. Kamoto, Mrs S. Gama, Mr. A. Munyenyembe, Mr Magagula, Mr Nangwale, Mr Makupete, Mr Goneta, and all ground staff, for their assistance during the field work. Let me also express my gratitude to the field study team, Walter, Marumbo, Gomezga, Elvine and Daniel, you were hard working and friendly, you made the hot and dusty trips to the forest and villages memorable. I can never imagine my current position without the love, prayers and support of my Mum and Dad. You are great parents, thank you very much. Very special thanks go to my brothers Robert (I appreciate your time and help with the children in Bangor), Walter, Tonda, Kondani, my amazing Sister Ruth and nephew Tikondayani, for supporting me and my family during my study and always. My absolute thanks go to Rodney Lunduka, my husband and friend, for the sacrifices you have made for me, over the years. You have been my strength and my journey would have been unbearable without you, your love and support. Thank you for braving it all, Yewo Chomene. And a lifetime thanks go to my wonderful children, Atle and Zoe, you have had to go through difficult times over the years of my study, and yet you still smile and give me a smile. To all the staff of Bangor University and especially the School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, thank you for your assistance. And to all I have come to know during my stay in Bangor and who have contributed to my studies in one way or the other, Thank you for the academic and social support. And to Sally, Rose, Sarobidy, Patrick and Matilda, I am grateful for the times we have come to know each other, thanks for the friendship and support. Above all to GOD, Your grace has been sufficient and sustained me. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. i DECLARATION AND CONSENT .......................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ......................................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................................. xiii LIST OF APPENDICES ....................................................................................................................... xiv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACROYNMNS ................................................................................. xv CHAPTER 1: THESIS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Forest Conservation for Communities and Carbon: the Economics of Community Forest Management in The
    Forest conservation for communities and carbon: the economics of community forest management in the Bale Mountains Eco-Region, Ethiopia Charlene Watson May 2013 Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy London School of Economics and Political Science 1 Declaration of work This thesis is the result of my own work except where specifically indicated in the text and acknowledgements. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. Photos are the authors own, as are the figures generated. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. May 2013 2 Abstract Forest conservation based on payments anchored to opportunity costs (OCs) is receiving increasing attention, including for international financial transfers for reduced emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD+). REDD+ emerged as a payment for environmental service (PES) approach in which conditional payments are made for demonstrable greenhouse gas emission reductions against a business-as-usual baseline. Quantitative assessments of the OCs incurred by forest users of these reductions are lacking. Existing studies are coarse, obscure the heterogeneity of OCs and do not consider how OCs may change over time. An integrated assessment of OCs and carbon benefits under a proposed community forest management (CFM) intervention linked to REDD+ is undertaken in Ethiopia. The OCs of land for the intervention are estimated through household survey and market valuation. Scenarios explore how OCs are likely to change over the intervention given qualitative conservation goals and available land-use change information.
    [Show full text]
  • 7. Willingness to Pay for Systematic Management of Community Forests for Conservation of Non-Timber Forest
    CHAPTER 7 WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR SYSTEMATIC MANAGEMENT OF COMMUNITY FORESTS FOR CONSERVATION OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS IN NIGERIA’S RAINFOREST REGION Implications for poverty alleviation NNAEMEKA A. CHUKWUONE# AND CHUKWUEMEKA E. OKORJI## # Centre for Entrepreneurship and Development Research and Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria Nsukka ## Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria Nsukka E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Despite the importance of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in sustaining livelihood and poverty smoothening in rural communities, they are highly depleted and poorly conserved. Besides, conservation initiatives in Nigeria to date are rarely participatory. Even community forests, the main source of NTFP, are poorly conserved. Therefore, to enhance participatory conservation initiatives, this study determines the willingness of households in forest communities in the rainforest region of Nigeria to pay for systematic management of community forests using the contingent-valuation method. A multistage random-sampling technique was used in selecting 180 respondent households used for the study. The value-elicitation format used was discrete choice with open-ended follow-up questions. A Tobit model with sample selection was used in estimating the bid function. The findings show that some variables such as wealth category, occupation, number of years of schooling and number of females in a household positively and significantly influence willingness to pay. Gender (male-headed households), start price of the valuation, number of males in a household and distance from home to forests negatively and significantly influence willingness to pay. Incorporating these findings in initiatives to organize the local community in systematic management of community forests for NTFP conservation will enhance participation and hence poverty alleviation.
    [Show full text]
  • Achievements of the Center for International Forestry Research
    Achievements of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) 1998–2005 Achievements of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) 1998–2005 © 2005 by CIFOR All rights reserved. Published in 2005 Cover photo by Daniel Tiveau Published by Center for International Forestry Research Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang Bogor Barat 16680, Indonesia Tel.: +62 (251) 622622; Fax: +62 (251) 622100 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.cifor.cgiar.org Contents Highlights 1 Forests & Governance 1 Environmental Services & Sustainable Use of Forests 1 Forests & Livelihoods 2 Multi-programme/General 3 I. Introduction 4 II. CIFOR and the Mission of the CGIAR 6 III. National and Local Impacts 8 A. Major multi-country research projects 8 Causes of deforestation 8 Criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management (C&I) 9 Forest Finance and Pulp and Paper 11 Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) 14 Adaptive collaborative management (ACM) 16 Decentralisation of Forest Management 19 Secondary forests and forest rehabilitation 20 Adoption of sustainable management practices in natural forests 22 Creating mechanisms for national policy debates 23 B. The Malinau Research Forest (MRF) in Indonesia 23 C. Building research capacity in developing countries 25 IV. Infl uencing Global Actors 29 A. Infl uencing large global actors 29 Multilateral agencies and inter-governmental processes 29 B. Infl uencing broad global audiences 42 Forest Policy Experts Listserve (POLEX) 43 Publications 44 CIFOR in Google Scholar 48 International Workshops and Conferences 48 Mass Media 49 CIFOR Web Page 52 VIII. Conclusion 53 Achievements of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) 1998–2005 Highlights Forests & Governance The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) used research on criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management (C&I) by CIFOR and its partners as an input to the standards it used to certify 5.8 million ha of forest in the tropics.
    [Show full text]
  • Godere (Ethiopia), Budongo (Uganda) and Kakamega (Kenya)
    EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCE ON THE DIVERSITY OF FOLIICOLOUS LICHENS IN TROPICAL RAINFORESTS OF EAST AFRICA: GODERE (ETHIOPIA), BUDONGO (UGANDA) AND KAKAMEGA (KENYA) Dissertation Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaft Fachbereich 3: Mathematik/Naturwissenschaften Universität Koblenz-Landau Vorgelegt am 23. Mai 2008 von Kumelachew Yeshitela geb. am 11. April 1965 in Äthiopien Referent: Prof. Dr. Eberhard Fischer Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Emanuël Sérusiaux In Memory of my late mother Bekelech Cheru i Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………………….......…...iii Chapter 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION.................................................................................1 1.1 Tropical Rainforests .........................................................................................................1 1.2 Foliicolous lichens............................................................................................................5 1.3 Objectives .........................................................................................................................8 Chapter 2. GENERAL METHODOLOGY..............................................................................10 2.1 Foliicolous lichen sampling............................................................................................10 2.2 Foliicolous lichen identification.....................................................................................10 2.3 Data Analysis..................................................................................................................12
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Decline in South Central Ethiopia Extent, History and Process
    Forest Decline in South Central Ethiopia Extent, history and process Gessesse Dessie Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden © Gessesse Dessie ISSN: 1653-7211 ISBN: 978-91-7155-454-3 Layout: Clas Hättestrand Printed in Sweden: US-AB, 2007 Cover: Photograph showing Wondo Genet area in the eastern part of the study area. In the foreground smallholder agriculture is seen against the natural forest of the escarpments. Once a closed forest, the area is now agricultural land where annual crops such as maize are grown by smallholder farmers. Landholdings are less than one hectare in size. Whitish cluster in center left is the Wondo Genet College of Forestry. The light green tone at the foothills reveals predominantly khat farms pushing the forest frontier up the escarpment. Photograph by Gessesse Dessie, June 2004 Doctoral dissertation 2007 Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physical Geography Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology Stockholm University Gessesse Dessie Abstract This study presents the extent, history and process of forest decline in Awassa watershed, south central Ethiopia. By combining different data sources such as satellite images, social surveys and historical documents, forest decline is de- scribed quantitatively and qualitatively and the main causes behind this process are identified. Forest decline in the study area is interpreted as the result of a combination of socio-political changes, economic activities, population growth, cultural patterns and agricultural developments while local conflicts over resour- ces also play an important role. The findings of this study reveal forest decline to be a continuous process associated with spatial fragmentation and location specific losses.
    [Show full text]
  • Engendering Ethiopia' Forest and Climate Governance for Equitable
    Solange Bandiaky. Regional Gender Expert Africa Adaptation Program Engendering Ethiopia’ Forest and Climate Governance for Equitable and Rights-based Carbon Market and Clean Development Mechanisms This document provides a response to the following questions from a gender perspective What kind of institutional arrangements will be appropriate at the federal and regional levels? How does the forestry governance system affect the implementation of initiatives to support Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation (REDD+), CDM projects of Afforestation and Reforestation in particular, and bio carbon in general? The Participatory Forest Management approach (drawbacks, potential to be scaled up, etc.). It is a gender policy analysis of the following climate documents Ethiopian Forest Resources: current status and future management options in view of access to carbon finances; Manual for Measurement and Monitoring of Carbon Stocks in Forests and Other Land Uses in Ethiopia; Forum Brief. The aim is to give a situational analysis of the link between gender and REDD+ and CDM processes, mechanisms, and policy (context, challenges, opportunities, , implications, and experiences from other countries); also propositions on how to make REDD+ and CDM pro- gender, pro-poor, and pro-rights and tenure with strong forestry institutional arrangement with adequate capacity, proper policy and legislation, access to finance and benefit sharing, and capacity building. The following questions have guided the gender analysis. Gender questions in the context of carbon market and CDM - What are the gender options under REDD+ and CDM? What are the strategic paths to pursuit, and how to link it with the existing policy choices (poverty reduction, renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, community-based adaptation, etc.)? - Adequate financial compensation for efforts to preserve forests and to participate in sustainable forest management (SFM) initiatives.
    [Show full text]
  • Research and Development Indryland Forests Ethiopia
    Research and Development in Dryland Forests of Ethiopia EIAR Research and Development in Dryland Forests of Ethiopia Proceedings of the National Workshop Organized by Forestry Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) & Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Editors Adefires Worku, Forestry Research Center Getachew Animut,Haremaya University Habtemariam Kassa, CIFOR Messay Sintayehu, Forum for Environment Wubalem Tadesse, EIAR Yonas Gebru, Forum for Environment November, 2011 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia First published by: Forum for Environment PO Box : 10386, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Telephone: +25111 5521662/5521015 Fax: +25111 5521034 E-mail: [email protected] Publisher: © Forum for Environment 2011 Editors: Adefires Worku, Forestry Research Center Getachew Animut,Haremaya University Habtemariam Kassa, CIFOR Messay Sintayehu, Forum for Environment Wubalem Tadesse, EIAR Yonas Gebru, Forum for Environmen Layout & Graphics by: Endale Solomon Task Manager: Messay Sintayehu No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior written permission from the publisher. Please acknowledge Forum for Environment if you use this publication for purposes other than commercial use. CONTENTS PREFACE........................................................................................................................................................................................ii Overview of Research Achievements and Gaps on Dry land Forests of Ethiopia: The Case
    [Show full text]
  • 1 FINANCING of SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT in AFRICA: an OVERVIEW of the CURRENT SITUATION and EXPERIENCES by Peter C. Gondo S
    FINANCING OF SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT IN AFRICA: AN OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION AND EXPERIENCES♣ By Peter C. Gondo Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources (SAFIRE) P.O. Box, BE 398 Belvedere Harare Zimbabwe August 2010 ♣ The views conveyed in this study are meant to spur discussion during the first meeting of the ad hoc expert group on forest financing (13‐17 September 2010‐ Nairobi, Kenya) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the UN Forum on Forests Secretariat, the UN Forum on Forests, or its member States. 1 Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to Hossein Moeini-Meybodi and Afsa Kemitale and the rest of the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) Secretariat who provided me with immense support and guidance during the execution of the study. I would also like to thank my dear friends Dr. Phosiso Sola and Dr. Davidson Gumbo for their invaluable and generous support in reviewing and providing valuable comments and suggestions for the improvement to the early versions of this paper. Lastly I would like to thank Mrs. Nyaradzo Dhlembeu and Mrs. Angelina Mutengwa for their help with the typesetting of the document. 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements Acronyms and Abbreviations 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................10 2. OBJECTIVES, METHODOLOGY AND SCOPE ............................................................................13 2.1 Objectives .........................................................................................................................................13
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Communities from Forest Systems in Ethiopia Comunidades Fúngicas Procedentes De Sistemas Forestales En Etiopía
    ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍAS AGRARIAS SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE DOCTORAL DISSERTATION/ TESIS DOCTORAL Fungal communities from forest systems in Ethiopia Comunidades fúngicas procedentes de sistemas forestales en Etiopía Presentada por Tatek Dejene Bekele para optar al grado de doctor por la Universidad de Valladolid Dirigida por: Dr. Pablo Martín-Pinto Dr. Juan Andrés Oria-de-Rueda Acknowledgement Acknowledgement “In all your ways acknowledge Him, and He will make your paths straight”. Proverbs 3: 6. I owe my deepest respect and humble gratitude to the almighty God, for making things possible in my life. I would like to thank my supervisor Professor Dr. Pablo Martín Pinto who guided and channeled me towards the most important theme of my research topics. This thesis also would not have been possible without him. His excellent advice, support and friendship have been invaluable on both an academic and a personal level, for which I am extremely grateful. Equally thanked is Professor Dr. Juan Andrés Oria-de-Rueda for his valuable advice, repeated guidance and encouragement to aspire more and high in all the work for this thesis. The Erasmus Mundus-Dream project has kindly granted me the PhD scholarship for which I am humbly most indebted. I am also highly indebted to the University of Valladolid for hosting me, for the academic and technical supports which have been very indispensable. I also express my gratitude to the Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute for all sorts of assistance and hospitality during my study. All support that I received from the Ethiopian Environment and Forestry Research Institute (EEFRI) and Central Ethiopia Forestry Research Center (CEFRC) is sincerely acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopian Environment and Forest Research Institute
    የኢትዮጵያ የአካባቢና የደን ምርምር ኢንስቲትዩት ETHIOPIAN ENVIRONMNET AND FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE Forest and Environment Research: Technologies and Information Edited by: Mehari Alebachew Getachew Desalegn Wubalem Tadesse Agena Anjulo Fassil Kebede i ETHIOPIAN ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE Forest and Environment Research: Technologies and Information Edited by: Mehari Alebachew Getachew Desalegn Wubalem Tadesse Agena Anjulo Fasil Kebede PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST TECHNOLOGY DESSIMINATION WORKSHOP 26th - 27th November 2015 Tokuma Hotel, Adama, Ethiopia ii Table of contents WELCOME SPEECH ..................................................................................................................................... viii OPENING SPEECH .......................................................................................................................................... x PLANTATION AND AGROFORESTRY ............................................................................................................... 1 EARLY GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF JUNIPERUS PROCERA HOCHST. EX ENDL IN DEGRADED LANDS OF NORTH SHOA ................................................................................................................................................ 1 COMMUNITY ESTABLISHED EUCALYPT PLANTATIONS IN ETHIOPIA FOR DEGRADED LAND RESTORATION AND INCOME GENERATION ........................................................................................................................... 7 CHARACTERIZATION OF TRADITIONAL AGROFORESTRY PRACTICES AND SOCIOECONOMIC
    [Show full text]
  • Household Livelihoods & Increasing
    Household livelihoods and increasing foreign investment pressure in Ethiopia’s natural forests Kathleen Guillozet and John C Bliss LDPI Working Paper Household livelihoods and increasing foreign investment pressure in Ethiopia’s natural forests by Kathleen Guillozet and John C Bliss Published by: The Land Deal Politics Initiative www.iss.nl/ldpi [email protected] in collaboration with: Institute for Development Studies (IDS) University of Sussex Library Road Brighton, BN1 9RE United Kingdom Tel: +44 1273 606261 Fax: +44 1273 621202 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ids.ac.uk Initiatives in Critical Agrarian Studies (ICAS) International Institute of Social Studies (ISS) P.O. Box 29776 2502 LT The Hague The Netherlands Tel: +31 70 426 0664 Fax: +31 70 426 0799 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.iss.nl/icas The Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS) School of Government, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17 Bellville 7535, Cape Town South Africa Tel: +27 21 959 3733 Fax: +27 21 959 3732 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.plaas.org.za The Polson Institute for Global Development Department of Development Sociology Cornell University 133 Warren Hall Ithaca NY 14853 United States of America Tel: +1 607 255-3163 Fax: +1 607 254-2896 E-mail: [email protected] Website: polson.cals.cornell.edu © February 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission from the publisher and the author.
    [Show full text]
  • The Context of REDD+ in Ethiopia Drivers, Agents and Institutions
    OCCASIONAL PAPER The context of REDD+ in Ethiopia Drivers, agents and institutions Melaku Bekele Yemiru Tesfaye Zerihun Mohammed Solomon Zewdie Yibeltal Tebikew Maria Brockhaus Habtemariam Kassa OCCASIONAL PAPER 127 The context of REDD+ in Ethiopia Drivers, agents and institutions Melaku Bekele Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources Yemiru Tesfaye Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources Zerihun Mohammed Forum for Social Studies (FSS) Solomon Zewdie MEF, REDD+ Secretariat Yibeltal Tebikew Wondo Genet College of Forestry and natural Resources Maria Brockhaus CIFOR Habtemariam Kassa CIFOR Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Occasional Paper 127 © 2015 Center for International Forestry Research Content in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN 978-602-387-003-5 DOI: 10.17528/cifor/005654 Bekele M, Tesfaye Y, Mohammed Z, Zewdie S, Tebikew Y, Brockhaus M and Kassa H. 2015. The context of REDD+ in Ethiopia: Drivers, agents and institutions. Occasional Paper 127. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR. Photo by Gessese Dessie A site between Gore and Tepi, South-West Ethiopia CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] cifor.org We would like to thank all donors who supported this research through their contributions to the CGIAR Fund. For a list of Fund donors please see: https://www.cgiarfund.org/FundDonors Any views expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of CIFOR, the editors, the authors’ institutions, the financial sponsors or the reviewers.
    [Show full text]