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Home , Amphilophus labiatus, Pelabuhanratu Bay, Saleh Bay, Teuku Umar University, Toru River

Dear Participants and Colleagues,

Welcome to the International Symposium on Aquatic Sciences and Resources Management (IS-ARM) 2020 at IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. The symposium hosted by Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University aims to catalyze research and exchange ideas among researchers, academics, practitioners, students, and policy makers from around the world, and establish academic relationships in biology, ecology, and aquatic resources management aspects. It will provide opportunities for sharing experiences and information concerning research and development of aquatic resources management from upstream to downstream. There will be four keynote presentations, 99 oral presentations, and 24 poster presentations in this two-day event. The symposium schedule can be seen in more detail in the following pages of this program book. Our sincere gratitude and appreciation go to our co-hosts: International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and AMBL (Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory) – Kyushu University. We also thank Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences (IPB University), International Collaboration Office (IPB University), SEAMEO-BIOTROP (Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology), Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (IPB University), Center for Environmental Science (IPB University), Centre for Disaster Studies (CERDAS-IPB), committee organizer, and all participants that have had gave their contribution in making this meeting happen.

Enjoy your seminar. Have a nice meeting!

Warm regards,

Fery Kurniawan Chairman of Organizing Committee

Steering Committee: 1. Dr. Ir. Majariana Krisanti, M.Si 2. Dr. Ali Mashar, S.Pi, M.Si 3. Dr. Ir. Luky Adrianto, M.Sc 4. Dr. Ir. Ario Damar, M.Si 5. Dr. Zulhamsyah Imran, S.Pi, M.Si 6. Prof. Dr. Ir. Hefni Effendi, M.Phil 7. Dr. Ir. M. Mukhlis Kamal, M.Sc 8. Dr. Yonvitner, S.Pi, M.Si 9. Prof. Dr. Ir. Yusli Wardiatno, M.Sc 11. Prof. Dr. Ir. Mennofatria Boer, DEA

Organizing Committee: Chairman : Dr. Fery Kurniawan, S.Kel, M.Si Secretary : Agus Alim Hakim, S.Pi, M.Si Secretariat : 1. Maryani, S.M 2. Widaryanti, S.Pi, M.M 3. Siti Rokiah, S.M Treasurer : 1. Suryanti 2. Mery Rusmini, S.E Event Div. : 1. Dudi M. Wildan, S.Pi, M.Si 2. Aries Asriansyah, S.Pi Sponsorship and Exhibition Div. : 1. Aliati Iswantari, S.Pi, M.Si 2. Dwi Yuni Wulandari, S.Pi, M.Si Scientific Div. : 1. Dr. Ir. Niken TM Pratiwi, M.Si 2. Prof. Dr. Ir. Sulistiono, M.Sc 3. Prof. Dr. Ir. Ridwan Affandi, DEA 4. Prof. Dr. Ir. Etty Riani, M.Si 5. Dr. Ir. Achmad Fahrudin, M.Si 6. Dr. Ir. Sigid Hariyadi, M.Sc 7. Dr. Ir. Rahmat Kurnia, M.Si 8. Dr. Ir. Zairion, M.Sc 9. Dr. Ir. Fredinan Yulianda, M.Sc 10. Dr. Taryono, S.Pi, M.Si 11. Dr. Ir. Gatot Yulianto, M.Si 12. Dr. Ir. Nurlisa A. Butet, M.Sc 13. Charles PH Simanjuntak, S.Pi, M.Si, Ph.D Equipment and Logistic Div : 1. KMS Zainal Abidin 2. Reza Zulmi, S.Pi, M.Si 3. M. Yunus, S.Pi 4. Antoni, S.Pi Consumption Div. : 1. Ari Maria, S.M Documentation Div : 1. Haris Munandar, S.Kom 2. Ida Nurokhmah, S.Pi, M.Si Publication Div. : 1. Inna Puspa Ayu, S.Pi, M.Si 2. Ikhwan Nurcholis, S.Pi

PROGRAM OF INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AQUATIC SCIENCES AND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2020 “Highland to Ocean: Biology, Ecology, and Aquatic Resources Management”

Day 1 - November 16th, 2020 Time (GMT +7) Activity 07.50 – 08.10 Participants enter the main room (zoom meeting)

08.10 – 08.25 Opening ISARM H2O 08.25 – 08.30 Singing National Anthem “Indonesia Raya” Report of the Head of the Department of Aquatic Resources Management 08.30 – 08.40 |IPB University 08.40 – 08.50 Welcome from SEAMEO Biotrop 08.50 – 09.00 The Rector's speech as well as opening the event 09.00 – 09.05 Photo session Introduction of moderator (Dr. Zulhamsyah Imran, S.Pi, M.Si |Department 09.05 – 09.10 of Aquatic Resources Management | IPB University) 09.10 – 09.55 Keynote speaker (Dr. Akbar John | International Islamic University Malaysia) Introduction of moderator (Dr. Ir. Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal, M.Sc 09.55 – 10.00 |Department of Aquatic Resources Management | IPB University) 10.00 – 10.45 Keynote speaker (Dr. Qian Tang |National University of Singapore) 10.45 – 11.10 Poster session 11.10 – 11.20 Break Oral Presentation 11.20 – 12.30 Session 1 12.30 – 13.30 Lunch Break Oral Presentation 13.30 – 14.40 Session 2 Oral Presentation 14.40 – 15.50 Session 3 15.50 – 15.55 Return to the main room 15.55 – 16.10 Closing Day 1 & Announcement

Day 2 - November 17th, 2020 Time (GMT +7) Activity 07.50 – 08.10 Participants enter the main room (zoom meeting) 08.10 – 08.25 Opening Introduction of moderator (Dr. Ir. Fredinan Yulianda, M.Sc |Department of 08.25 – 08.30 Aquatic Resources Management | IPB University) 08.30 – 09.15 Keynote speaker (Prof. Mutsunori Tokeshi | Kyushu University) 09.15 – 09.40 Poster session 09.40 – 09.50 Break Oral Presentation 09.50 – 11.00 Session 4 Oral Presentation 11.00 – 12.10 Session 5 12.10 – 13.10 Lunch Break Oral Presentation 13.10 – 14.10 Session 6 Introduction of moderator (PD. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Sonja Kleinertz|Faculty of 14.10 – 14.15 Fisheries and Marine Science | IPB University) 14.15 – 15.00 Keynote speaker (Dr. Jiri Patoka |Czech University of Life Sciences Prague) 15.00 – 15.10 Closing by the Dean of FPIK

15.10 – 15.15 Closing ISARM H2O 15.15 – 15.20 Announcement

November 16th, 2020 Room A Session 1 (11.20 – 12.30) Moderator: Dr. Majariana Krisanti, S.Pi, M.Si Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Phytoplankton Diversity and Functional Group in 11.20 – 11.28 A1-1 Sulastri Three Urban Lake of Cibinong, West Java Indonesia Reliana Lumban Zooplankton Community Structure in Lake 11.28 – 11.36 A1-2 Toruan Tondano, Indonesia Phytoplankton Performance in Supporting Primary Niken Tunjung 11.36 – 11.44 A1-3 Productivity in the Intensive Culture System of Murti Pratiwi Vaname Shrimp 11.44 – 11.55 Discussion Tumpak Phytoplankton Species Potentially “Harmful Algal 11.55 – 12.03 A1-4 Sidabutar Bloom” (HABs) in Jakarta Bay Algae Bloom Phenomenon in Jakarta Bay as 12.03 – 12.11 A1-5 Ario Damar Symptoms of Severe Eutrophication: Monitoring Results of 2014-2016 Biodiversity and Community of Zooplankton Elga Mediana 12.11 – 12.19 A1-6 Structure in Cengkok Coastal Waters and Its Syafitri Around, Banten Bay 12.19 – 12.30 Discussion

Session 2 (13.30 – 14.40) Moderator: Dr. Ali Mashar, S.Pi, M.Si Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Annisa Heavy Metals (Pb, Hg) of Blood Cockle in Cengkok 13.30 – 13.38 A1-7 Dinulislam Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia Heavy Metal (Pb, Hg, Cu) Contamination Level in 13.38 – 13.46 A1-8 Gatot Prayoga Sediment and Water in Eastern Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap, Indonesia Lismining Bioaccumulation of Non-Essential Heavy Metals in 13.46 – 13.54 A1-9 Pujiyani Astuti Fish in Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir, Purwakarta 13.54 – 14.05 Discussion 14.05 – 14.13 A1-10 Hefni Effendi Pollution Source of Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River 14.13 – 14.21 A1-11 Hefni Effendi Pollution Index of Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River Sri Malahayati 14.21 – 14.29 A1-12 Surface Runoff and Discharge of Bekasi River Yusuf 14.29 – 14.40 Discussion

Session 3 (14.40 – 15.40) Moderator: Dr. Akbar John Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Tyara Aprilani A Molecular Approach for Species Validation of 14.40 – 14.48 A1-13 Khoirunnisa Freshwater Shrimp from Lido Lake, West Java Improving Genetic Quality of Cultivated Aquatic Species under a Breeding Program: Case Study of 14.48 – 14.56 A1-14 Bambang Gunadi First Generation (G1) Population of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Modern Methods of Genetic Sampling of Aquatic 14.56 – 15.04 A1-15 Jana Marková Organisms 14.04 – 15.16 Discussion Genetic Variation of CO1 Gene of Hippa 15.16 – 15.24 A1-16 Vinna Windy Putri admirabilis in Northern Sulawesi Anggi Characterization of Whole Mitochondrial Genome 15.24 – 15.32 A1-17 Nurhardiyanti Amyda cartilaginea from Dharmasraya West Munawaroh Sumatera 15.32 – 15.40 Discussion

Room B Session 1 (11.20 – 12.30) Moderator: Dr. Ir. Zairion, M.Sc Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Morphological and Growth Responses of Enhalus Aditya Hikmat 11.20 – 11.28 B1-1 acoroides Seedlings Under Carbondioxide Nugraha Enrichment: An Experimental Assesment Diversity of Riparian Plants of Black Water 11.28 – 11.36 B1-2 Lukas Ecosystem in The Sebangau River, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Habitat Preference of Longtail Shad (Tenualosa 11.36 – 11.44 B1-3 Vivin Seygita macrura) in the Water of Bengkalis, Meranti Island and Siak Regencies, Riau Province 11.44 – 11.55 Discussion The Effect of Garlic Allium sativum Addition in 11.55 – 12.03 B1-4 Lies Setijaningsih Feed to the Growth Performance and Immune Response of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Biodiversity and Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Reservat and Protected Area of 12.03 – 12.11 B1-5 Febri Ria Safitri Mahseer (Tor spp.) Habitats in Bungo and Kerinci Regencies, Jambi Province, Indonesia Totok Tor sp. Tracking Using Radiotelemetry in Batang 12.11 – 12.19 B1-6 Hestirianoto Toru River, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia 12.19 – 12.30 Discussion

Session 2 (13.30 – 14.40) Moderator: Dr. Charles P.H. Simanjuntak, S.Pi, M.Si Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Muhammad Fadil Evidence of Residential Area of Whale Sharks in 13.30 – 13.38 B1-7 Farid Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara Code of Conduct Enjoying the Appearance of Mohammad Halmahera’s Endemic Walking Shark 13.38 – 13.46 B1-8 Mukhlis Kamal (Hemiscyllium halmahera) in Ternate coastal waters Assessing Bali Sardine Stock Status Using Real- 13.46 – 13.54 B1-9 Mohamad Natsir Time Electronic Catch Landing Data Recorder and Time Series Catch Database 13.54 – 14.05 Discussion Length-Weight Relationships and Sex Ratio of 14.05 – 14.13 B1-10 Nuralim Pasisingi Selaroides leptolepis, Cuvier 1833 in Tomini Bay, Indonesia. Length Base Spawning Potential Ratio of Indian 14.13 – 14.21 B1-11 Asep Priatna Scad (Decapterus russelli, Rupell, 1928) in South China Sea Length Based-Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR), 14.21 – 14.29 B1-12 Yonvitner on Exploited Demersal Stock (Priachantus tayenus) in Small Scale Fisheries, Sunda Strait. 14.29 – 14.40 Discussion

Session 3 (14.40 – 15.50) Moderator: Ir. Agustinus M. Samosir, M.Phil Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Exploring Quality of Small Island Socio-ecological 14.40 – 14.48 B1-13 Agus Romadhon Systems in The Saobi Island Nurul Dhewani Socio-ecological System Perspective of Seagrass 14.48 – 14.56 B1-14 Mirah Sjafrie Ecosystem in Wakatobi Spatial Analysis of Ecosystem Services of Bima Bay 14.56 – 15.04 B1-15 Munawar Region, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia 14.04 – 15.15 Discussion Stakeholders Role in Economy Creative 15.15 – 15.23 B1-16 Christina Yuliaty Development Based on Maritime Culture in Alor Regency Muhammad Rizali Sustainable Challenges in Developing Marine- 15.23 – 15.31 B1-17 Umarella Based Adventure Tourism in Ambon Potential Carrying Capacity of Marine Ecotourism 15.31 – 15.39 B1-18 Fredinan Yulianda in Sub Region III of Thousand Island’s Marine National Park 15.39 – 15.50 Discussion

Room C Session 1 (11.20 – 12.30) Moderator: Dr. Yonvitner, S.Pi, M.Si Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title The Condition of Coral Reef Ecosystem in Natuna 11.20 – 11.28 C1-1 Try Febrianto Island Citra Satrya Utama Current Status of Coral Reef Ecosystems in 11.28 – 11.36 C1-2 Dewi Brumbun Bay, Tulungagung Coral Reef Ecosystems Condition Prediction After Tsunami Based on Previous Reef fish Community 11.36 – 11.44 C1-3 Budi Prabowo Structure and Benthic Coverage Surveillance on Sumur, Banten 11.44 – 11.55 Discussion Assessment of Coral Reef Health Conditions in 11.55 – 12.03 C1-4 Cakra Adiwijaya Juru Seberang Village, Tanjung Pandan District, Belitung Regency-Bangka-Belitung Province Assessment of Coral Reefs Damaged Due to MV Mikael Prastowo Pazifik Ran Aground in the Sape Strait Using an 12.03 – 12.11 C1-5 Widodo Aerial Photography Approach and Species Distribution Modeling Lili Surayya Eka Transplantation of Acropora loripes using Spider 12.11 – 12.19 C1-6 Putri Frame Module in Bali Waters 12.19 – 12.30 Discussion Session 2 (13.30 – 14.40) Moderator: Dr. Ayu Ervinia, S.Pi, M.Sc Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Distribution of Mangroves in The Segara Anakan 13.30 – 13.38 C1-7 Ismail Lagoon and Its Surrounding Area, Cilacap Regency, Indonesia Effect of Burrows of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris Allsay Kitsash (Linnaeus, 1758) (Class Actinopterygii Family 13.38 – 13.46 C1-8 Addifisyukha Gobiidae) on Total Organic Matter in the Cintra Mangrove Ecosystem of Pandansari Brebes, Central Java Growth Pattern and the Reproduction Factor of Three Spot Gouramy Trichopodus trichopterus Gema 13.46 – 13.54 C1-9 (Pallas, 1770) in Mangrove Waters of Muara Wahyudewantoro Angke (Jakarta) and Ciperet Estuary (Cilacap), Indonesia) 13.54 – 14.05 Discussion The Estimation of the Coastal Fisheries Resources Mokhamad Asyief 14.05 – 14.13 C1-10 Quantity Based on Water Birds in the Ujung Khasan Budiman Pangkah Region, Gresik Regency, East Java Opportunity for the Status Improvement of Mangrove Forest of Sungai Pakning, Riau as 14.13 – 14.21 C1-11 Yoppie Christian Essential Ecosystem Area in the Coastal of Sumatera Island Effectiveness and Impact Studies of Mangrove 14.21 – 14.29 C1-12 M Arsyad Al Amin Rehabilitation in Northern Coast of West Java; Case Study in Karawang Regency 14.29 – 14.40 Discussion

Session 3 (14.40 – 15.40) Moderator: Dr. Ir. Sigid Hariyadi, M.Sc Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Abundance and Distribution of Microplastics in 14.40 – 14.48 C1-13 Refa Riskiana Baturusa Watershed of Bangka Belitung Islands Province Microplastic Spatial Distribution in Sediment of 14.48 – 14.56 C1-14 Zulhamsyah Imran the Citanduy River, West Java Management Strategy of Plastic Pollution in the 14.56 – 15.04 C1-15 Taryono Kodiran Cimandiri River-Sukabumi, West Java 14.04 – 15.16 Discussion Seasonal Variation of Marine Debris at Manado 15.16 – 15.24 C1-16 Markus T. Lasut Bay (Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia, Where the National Park of Bunaken is Located) Public Perceptions in General and Student’s 15.24 – 15.32 C1-17 Ika Kusumawati Perception toward Marine Litter in Southwest Aceh 15.32 – 15.40 Discussion

November 17th, 2020 Room A Session 4 (09.50 – 11.00) Moderator: Dr. Ayu Ervinia, S.Pi, M.Sc Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title The High Abundance of Sardinella lemuru Catch 09.50 – 09.58 A2-1 Aida Sartimbul in Prigi Waters and Their Implication to Plankton Aquatic Environment Condition as a Base for Dehan 09.58 – 10.06 A2-2 Fisheries Development in Cengkok Coastal Pramadhana Waters, Banten Bay Proportion of Feasible to Catch of The Flying Fish Beatrix M. (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) and Its Implications 10.06 – 10.14 A2-3 Rehatta to Fisheries Management in Indonesia and Timor Leste 10.14 – 10.25 Discussion Characteristic of Neritic Tuna Fisheries in the Java 10.25 – 10.33 A2-4 Thomas Hidayat Sea and Adjacent waters 10.33 – 10.41 A2-5 Dudi Lesmana The Colour Preference of Panulirus homarus Ecosystem Approach to Lobster Fisheries Katarina Hesty 10.41 – 10.49 A2-6 Management in Palabuhanratu Bay, Sukabumi, Rombe West Java 10.49 – 11.00 Discussion

Session 5 (11.00 – 12.00) Moderator: Dr. Mohammad Fitri Yusof Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title On the finding of Nile tilapia Oreochromis 11.00 – 11.08 A2-7 Tatia Kuljanishvili niloticus (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) in Georgia, South Caucasus Surya Gentha Redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus: Spatial 11.08 – 11.16 A2-8 Akmal Distribution and Dispersal Pattern in Java Island Management Policy for Controlling Invasive Species Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax 11.16 – 11.24 A2-9 Taryono Kodiran quadricarinatus) in Lido Lake Water, Bogor Regency-West Java 11.24 – 11.36 Discussion Application of Aquaponic Ebb -Tide System on Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Cyprinid 11.36 – 11.44 A2-10 Imam Taufik (Cyprinus carpio) to Optimize Growth Performance Fish Community Structure in Sermo Reservoir, 11.44 – 11.52 A2-11 Astri Suryandari Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Initial Study on Invasive Fish Species 11.52 – 12.00 Discussion

Session 6 (13.10 – 14.10) Moderator: Dr. Charles P.H. Simanjuntak, S.Pi, M.Si Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Aditya Hikmat Feeding Habit of Strombus canarium in Tanjung 13.10 – 13.18 A2-12 Nugraha Sebauk Bintan Island Water Quality in Ecosystem Sea Cucumber 13.18 – 13.26 A2-13 Widianingih Acaudina sp. in the Delta Wulan Waters, Central of Java, Indonesia The Distribution Pattern and Description of New 13.26 – 13.34 A2-14 Ennis Wian Erliani Sipunculan Characteristics in Banda Naira 13.34 – 13.46 Discussion Community Structure of Intertidal Ananingtyas S. 13.46 – 13.54 A2-15 Macrozoobenthos in Muddy Substrate, Lubuk Darmarini Damar, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia The Using of Macrozoobenthos Community to Imroatushshooli 13.54 – 14.02 A2-16 Assess Current Condition of the Urban Lake-Situ khah Cikaret, West Java 14.02 – 14.10 Discussion

Room B Session 4 (09.50 – 10.50) Moderator: Dr. Ir. Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal, M.Sc Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Different of Aeration Rate on Hatching Rate, Abnormality, Yolk Sac Absorption, and Absolute 09.50 – 09.58 B2-1 Iffi Rizkiya Length of Newly Hatched Masheer Larvae, Tor soro Isolate of Nitrifying and Denitrifying Bacteria 09.58 – 10.06 B2-2 Yosmaniar Activities Derived from Catfish, Pangasius sp. Culture Pond Physico-chemical Characteristics of Rhizopus sp.- Cita Mahardika 10.06 – 10.14 B2-3 Fermented Fish Feed Pellets Containing Black Hariyono Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Meal 10.14 – 10.26 Discussion Effect of Different Feed Restriction on Growth and 10.26 – 10.34 B2-4 Adam Robisalmi Hematology of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Reproductive and Larval Performance of Artificially 10.34 – 10.42 B2-5 Wahyulia Cahyanti Spawned Javaen Barb Puntius orphoides from Two Populations 10.42 – 10.50 Discussion

Session 5 (11.00 – 12.10) Moderator: Prof. Dr. Ir. Sulistiono, M.Sc Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Effects of Nanobubble Aeration on Water 11.00 – 11.08 B2-6 Lily Susanti Temperature and Oxygen Consumption of Penaeus vannamei Post Larvae 8 Application of Loop Mediated Isothermal 11.08 – 11.16 B2-7 Hessy Novita Amplification (LAMP) Method for Detection of Edwardsiella ictaluri on Patin (Pangasius sp.) Fish Optimization of Stocking Density of Milk Fish Yohanna R. (Chanos chanos) in Polyculture System with 11.16 – 11.24 B2-8 Widyastuti Seaweed (Gracilaria sp.) on Traditional Earthen Pond 11.24 – 11.35 Discussion How to Make the Ally of Inland fisheries and 11.35 – 11.43 B2-9 Irkhamiawan Ma'ruf Inland Aquaculture: A Review Effect of Heterotrophic Bacteria on the Growth of 11.43 – 11.51 B2-10 Irwan Fffendi Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Cultivated in Brackish Water Increasing the Water Stability of Sinking Feed 11.51 – 11.59 B2-11 Catur Sriherwanto Using Edible Fungal Hyphae for Reducing Aquatic Feed Waste: A Laboratory Study 11.59 – 12.10 Discussion

Session 6 (13.10 – 14.10) Moderator: Dr.rer.nat. Kustiariyah, S.Pi, M.Si Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Sargassum-Based Potential Valuable Material in 13.10 – 13.18 B2-12 Muhammad Safaat Indonesia – An Overview Alteration of Inflammation Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Lymphocyte by 13.18 – 13.26 B2-13 Hafiludin Crude Extract of Taurine from Sea Slugs Paraonchidium via Down-Regulation of of NF-kB Pathway Characterization, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Diah Anggraini 13.26 – 13.34 B2-14 Activity of Cultivated Sea Cucumbers from Bali, Wulandari Indonesia 13.34 – 13.46 Discussion Reproduction Performance of Female Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Through 13.46 – 13.54 B2-15 Fajar Anggraeni Dietary Administration of Medroxyprogesterone Acetat A Study of Prediction and Factors of Mass 13.54 – 14.02 B2-16 Kojiro Inoue Mortality in Mariculture using Machine Learning 14.02 – 14.10 Discussion

Room C Session 4 (09.50 – 10.50) Moderator: Inna Puspa Ayu, S.Pi, M.Si Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Ronny Irawan Bycatch in Glass Eel Fishery of Rivers and Estuaries 09.50 – 09.58 C2-1 Wahju of Sukabumi, West Java Socio-Economic Influence of Fishing Ground Marfian Dwidima 09.58 – 10.06 C2-2 Development of Freshwater Eels (Anguilla spp.) in Putra Cimandiri River Perception of Glass Eel Fishermen Affecting the 10.06 – 10.14 C2-3 Iftitah Rahmi Utilization in the River Estuary of Sukabumi District 10.14 – 10.26 Discussion 10.26 – 10.34 C2-4 Rani Hafsaridewi Resources Dynamics Impact to Fishers’ Resilience Enhanced Fisher Job Satisfaction and Loyalty for 10.34 – 10.42 C2-5 Irnad Sustainable Fisheries Development in Bengkulu, Indonesia 10.42 – 10.50 Discussion

Session 5 (11.00 – 12.00) Moderator: Prof. Dr. Ir. Hefni Effendi, M.Phil Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title The first record of the nest placement of 11.00 – 11.08 C2-6 Naila Khuril Aini horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas) in Indonesia Ecobiology of Horseshoe Crab in Brebes, Northern 11.08 – 11.16 C2-7 Danu Wijaya Coast of Java: Preliminary Study Distribution of Matuta purnama J. C. Y. Lai & Galil, 11.16 – 11.24 C2-8 Nisfa Hanim 2007 (Brachyura: Matutidae) Outside Type Locality 11. 24 – 11.36 Discussion Population Dynamic of Two Dorippid Crabs Alysa Noverizka 11.36 – 11.44 C2-9 (Brachyura: Dorippidae) in East Lampung Waters, Utomo Indonesia Investigation of Ectoparasite and Symbiont in Blue 11.44 – 11.52 C2-10 Anna Heirina Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) from Demak and East Lampung coastal waters 11.52 – 12.00 Discussion

Session 6 ((13.10 – 14.10) Moderator: Dr. Ir. Handoko Adi Susanto, M. Sc. Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title An Evaluation of Grouper (Serranidae) and Diding Sudira 13.10 – 13.18 C2-11 Snapper (Lutjanidae) Fisheries Management Efendi Policy in Saleh Bay, Indonesia Marine Tenure in Indonesia: Revisiting the Status 13.18 – 13.26 C2-12 Terry Indrabudi and Implementation to Foster Sustainability in Fisheries Preparing Indonesia for 'the UN Decade of Ocean Ali Yansyah 13.26 – 13.34 C2-13 Science for Sustainable Development 2021-2030': Abdurrahim Stakeholder Mapping and Analysis 13.34 – 13.46 Discussion Compensation Claim and Its Dispite Resolution on the Coral Reef Ecosystem Damage Due to 13.46 – 13.54 C2-14 Yudi Wahyudin Vessel Grounded in the Waters Area of Tengah Island, Karimunjawa Subdistrict, Jepara Regency, Central Java Province Social Capital in Improving the Settlement Ardiyanto 13.54 – 14.02 C2-15 Environment Quality in the Coastal City of Maksimilianus Gai Surabaya 14.02 – 14.10 Discussion

Note: ID: A1-1 Number of Presentation

Day (Day 1 or 2) Room Zoom (A, B, or C)

November 16th, 2020 Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title Muhammad Arsyad Coastal Resources Degradation in Tangerang, P1-1 Al Amin Banten Province: State and Management Action Secondary Production of Sesarma sp. in the P1-2 Majariana Krisanti Coastal Ecosystem of Ponelo Island, North Gorontalo Diversity of Phytoplankton in Batang Toru River P1-3 Aries Asriansyah and Its Arround, North Sumatera Study on Aquatic Ecobiology Of Batang Toru River Dudi Muhammad P1-4 and Its Arround, North Sumatera: Part 3. Wildan Macrozoobenthic Diversity Erfan Andi Polyculture Seaweed Gracilaria sp. And Milkfish in P1-5 Hendrajat The Pond Spatial Variation of The Phytoplankton and Some Fachmijany P1-6 Physico Chemical Variables in Lake Tempe, South Sulawesty Sulawesi Fuquh Rahmat Analysis of Water Pollution in Kaliotik River, 10.45 – 11.05 P1-7 Shaleh Lamongan-West Java Spatial Assessment of Seagrass Ecosystem Using P1-8 Ita Riniatsih the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav) In Teluk Awur, Coastal Water of Jepara Ecotourism Management in Wana Wisata Curug Muhammad Ihsan P1-9 Nangka Bogor Regency Based on Visitors and Rifqi Natural Resources Artificial Intelligent for Investment Assessment in P1-10 Yonvitner Coastal and Small Island Area, Based on Disaster Risk Estuarine Fish Structure Community in Banten Bay, P1-11 Sugiarti Indonesia A Note on The Investigation of Morphometric Differentiation Among Mantis Shrimp P1-12 Zairion (Stomatopoda) In South Madura Waters, Indonesia

November 17th, 2020 Time (GMT +7) ID Name Title A Morphometric Approach into Mackerel P2-1 Yusli Wardiatno (Rastrelliger spp.) Diversity in Fisheries Management Area 711 as a Management Base Biodiversity of Macroinvertebrates in Artificial P2-2 Ali Mashar Substrate from Several Habitats at Ponelo Island, Gorontalo Preliminary Study on The Sound Character of P2-3 Irdiana Sintia Coconut Crab (Birgus latro) Reproductive Biology of Hampala Barb (Hampala P2-4 Safran Makmur macrolepidota Kuhl & Van Hasselt 1823) in Ranau Lake, Indonesia Djamhuriyah S. The Development of Adapted Fish Oryzias P2-5 Said marmoratus at Ex Situ Habitat Tegoeh Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis of Indo- P2-6 Noegroho Pacific King Mackerel in IFMA 711 Waters Fat, Water and Ash Content in Chlorophyceae, 09.15 – 09.35 Heny Budi P2-7 Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae Macroalgae at Setyorini Sepanjang Beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia The Description of Villi from Grouper Cantang P2-8 Rita Rostika (Ephinephelus fuscogutattus lanceolotus) Fed with Exogenous Enzyme Papain The Growth Potential of Single Celled Marine P2-9 Desy Mulyawati Chlorophycean Microalgae in Modified Saline Karst Water Culture Media Distribution of Dissolved Heavy Metals Hg, Pb, Cd, P2-10 Edika Surbakti and As Content in Bojonegara Coastal Waters, Banten Bay DNA Metabarcoding Approach for Fisheries P2-11 Inna Puspa Ayu Management Some Population Parameters on The Common P2-12 Siswanta Kaban Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758) Fish in Lake Paniai, Papua

Application of Molecular Tools in Aquatic Resource Management

Akbar John

INOCEM, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan 25200, Pahang Malaysia

*Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract In the past three decades, application of various genetic markers has proven promising output in sustainable management of aquatic resources. From the species identification, germplasm management to the mass production of genetically stronger species for aquaculture practices helped in meeting the global consumer demand. Management of aquatic genetic resources interpreted in the light of its DNA sequences (A, T, G and C) undoubtedly having its own merits and exposed to scientific criticism. This presentation is aimed to unearth the availability of different molecular tools in aquatic resource management practices, its applications, limitations and its possible impact on the environment. Policies related to applying molecular tools in resource management will also be addressed.

Keywords: Resource management; Fish; DNA; Molecular tools; Policy pathways

The Different Fates of Two Asian Horseshoe Crab Species with Different Dispersal Capabilities

Tang Qian

National University of Singapore

*Corresponding author: E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract In brief, the study aims to investigate the knowledge on organisms’ evolutionary responses to past sea level fluctuations and to estimate their evolutionary potential in efforts to mitigate the effects of future climate change. We sampled tens of thousands of genomic markers of ~300 individuals in two of the four extant horseshoe crab species across the complex archipelagic Singapore Straits. Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda, a less mobile mangrove species, has finer population structure and lower genetic diversity compared to the dispersive deep- sea Tachypleus gigas. Even though the source populations of both species during the Last Glacial Maximum exhibited comparable effective population sizes, the less dispersive C. rotundicauda seems to lose genetic diversity much more quickly because of population fragmentation. Contra previous studies’ results, we predict that the more commonly sighted C. rotundicauda faces a more uncertain conservation plight, with a continuing loss in evolutionary potential and higher vulnerability to future climate change. Our study provides important genomic baseline data for the redirection of conservation measures in the face of climate change, and can be used as a blueprint for assessment and mitigation of the adverse effects of impending sea level rise in other systems.

Towards Sustainable Reef Management: Lessons from the Bunaken NP, Indonesia

M. Tokeshi

AMBL (Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory) – Kyushu University, Reihoku-Amakusa, Kumamoto 863-2507, Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Tropical marine ecosystems, in particular those featuring coral reefs, are important from both ecological and socio-economic points of view. It has widely been recognised that coastal waters of tropical Indo-Pacific encompass by far the highest level of marine biodiversity on Earth and that the livelihoods of people in Indo-Pacific coastal regions have traditionally depended on marine resources derived from such reef environments. In recent years, however, anthropogenic disturbances of local to global spatial scales including global climate change have been impacting heavily upon all natural environments worldwide and tropical reef systems are no exception. Changes in tropical and subtropical reefs have been particularly noticeable over the past quarter century, and are occurring at an alarming rate in more recent years. This presentation will focus on the case of ecologically-rich reef environments found in the Bunaken National Park in North Sulawesi, eastern Indonesia. Our research experience spanning nearly two decades in Bunaken and surrounding areas points to problems and difficulties of implementing management schemes which work in medium to long terms. It may even be argued that, in the wake of COVID-19, a “regime-shift” is required, not in the ecosystems concerned but in the “mind-set” of us humans in the first place, such that measures are more firmly adopted to avoid crossing the point of no return in terms of sustainably managing Indo-Pacific reef ecosystems, for the long-term health and survival of diverse organisms including humans.

Non-native and Invasive Freshwater Species in Indonesia: A Compendium of Research from Period 2015-2020

Jiří Patoka1,*, Yonvitner2,3, Ernik Yuliana4, Yusli Wardiatno2, Rikho Jerikho2, Muhammad Takdir5, Agus Santoso6, Surya Gentha Akmal1,3

1) Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha – Suchdol, Czech Republic 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, 16680 Bogor, Indonesia 3) Centre for Disaster Studies (CERDAS-IPB), 16680 Bogor, Indonesia 4) Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technoloy, Universitas Terbuka, 15437 Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia 5) Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Papua, Jalan Gunung Salju, 98314 Manokwari, Indonesia 6) Department of Statistic, Faculty of Sciences and Technoloy, Universitas Terbuka, 15437 Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia *E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Indonesia is the world's largest island country covering more than 17,000 islands including Java, Sumatra, Borneo (Kalimantan), Sulawesi and western New Guinea. There are three biodiversity hotspots: Sundaland, Wallacea and Sahul, and the biodiversity is very rich. Non- native species in general and invasive ones in particular threat endemic biota and cause numerous environmental and socio-economic losses globally. In Indonesia, many non-native species have not been monitored and for this reason, their possible impacts are unknown or overlooked. Existing national legislative regulations seem to be inefficient in this regard. Considering aforementioned facts, together with Indonesian colleagues, we decided to start a cooperation in this regard and focus on non-native species of fish as well as of aquatic invertebrates, their impacts and risks, pathways of introduction and prediction of the establishment of new populations when introduced in Indonesia based on environmental suitability modelling. We found and evaluated fish species such as Arapaima gigas,

Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus and P. pardalis, and crayfish such as Cherax quadricarinatus and Procambarus clarkii. Moreover, one new pathogen Aphanomyces astaci causing crayfish plague was recorded in Indonesia. In 2019, we established a new research group to further research activity and education of general public.

Global biodiversity is threatened by biological invasions related with human activities (Lodge 1993). Invasive species can outcompete the native biota, transmit non-native pathogens and parasites and also cause significant socio-economic losses (Simberloff et al. 2013). In case aquatic fauna, various pathways for introduction of non-native species are known such as: aquaculture for human consumption, pet trade, pest control and also unintentional translocation of “hitchhikers” including ectocommensals and other symbionts (Mouslih 1987; Padilla, Williams 2004; Patoka et al. 2016a,b).

Policymakers try to regulate biological invasions by legislative restrictions; unfortunately, this effort is frequently ineffective due to “dead letters” creation and lack of further education of general public (Patoka et al. 2018a). Thus, together with irresponsible behaviour of the traders, producers and owners of the mentioned creatures, the records of non-native and partly invasive freshwater fauna are year by year more numerous and this trend will probably continue also in future.

Indonesia is the world’s largest island country with more than 17,000 islands including Java, Sumatra, Borneo (Kalimantan), Sulawesi and western New Guinea and covering three biodiversity hotspots: Sundaland, Wallacea and Sahul (Myers et al. 2000). Similarly, as in Brazil, the Indonesian native fauna is very rich with many endemic taxa inhabiting various environment including also freshwater habitats. Unfortunately, many species and whole ecosystems are endangered by human activities, habitat destruction and biological invasions. Therefore, we decided to start the cooperation to try to improve the situation.

Our research activities include primarily monitoring of non-native freshwater species, their spread and related risks for native biota and also for humans. In 2015, we collected data and one year later reported on the first occurrence of crayfish west of the Wallace line: Cherax quadricarinatus was found being introduced in two lakes in Java (Patoka et al. 2016c). Further monitoring discovered plenty new locations where this crayfish established feral populations across the Indonesian territory including many waterbodies in Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi (Patoka et al. 2018b). Even if C. quadricarinatus is non-native in Indonesia with the exception of Papua and West Papua Provinces in New Guinea, it is classified as not so risky as another non-native species, North American Procambarus clarkii. The latter one was found being cultured in Java in 2017 (Putra et al. 2018). This crayfish is known as successful invader in many regions worldwide and it serves as a resistant vector of the pathogen Aphanomyces astaci causing “crayfish plague”, the disease lethal for all crayfish taxa of non-North American origin (Svoboda et al. 2017). Moreover, also some crab and shrimp species seem to be sensitive to this pathogen (Svoboda et al. 2014). Since the crayfish plague was found in the population of P. clarkii and also in crab Parathelphusa convexa and shrimp Macrobrachium lanchesteri, the threat for native crustraceans and also for aquaculture is obvious. In Indonesia, native crayfish inhabit just various waterbodies in New Guinea. These crayfish can be in risk when certain invasive ones will be introduced there. We highlighted this threat in another paper focused on

the prediction based on climatic similarity of New Guinea and native ranges of selected non- native crayfish species (Yonvitner et al. 2020).

Beside the crayfish, also non-native fish taxa were found in Indonesian wild. We collected data on occurrence of two sailfin catfishes native to South America: Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus and P. pardalis. Both species and also their possible hybrids were found establishing self- sustaining populations and spreading across Indonesia (Patoka et al. 2020). Documented pathways and purposes for their introductions were: feeding of domestic animals, human consumption, and ornamental aquaculture. Moreover, one new pathway was recorded in Lombok island: releasing to mitigate another aquatic pest, the common water hyacinths (Eichhornia crassipes). Unfortunately, the sailfin catfish are benthic fish and water hyacinth is floating plant. Hence, the purpose of the introduction was absolutely wrong and caused the establishment of new invasive fish species there.

The charismatic and very popular ornamental fish Arapaima gigas was found to occur in Indonesia. This is a voracious big predatory fish which can threat native biota dramatically. Even if the reproduction in the wild has not been documented yet, adult ovigerous female was captured. Since this species is critically endangered in its native range in South America, this is what is called “biodiversity conservation paradox” (Marková et al. under review). Further monitoring is strongly recommended in this regard.

Aforementioned species are regulated in Indonesia but effectivity of the related laws is at least disputable (Patoka et al. 2018a). Therefore, we recommend our findings to conservationsts, wildlife managers, policy makers and other stakeholders in Indonesia to improve the legislative regulations, management of invasive species, farming activities and conservation of endangered species. The Indonesian Crayfish Research Group (ICRG) was established in July 2019 according the overlap outputs of our research cooperation to Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia). We hope that our research activites will help to protect awesome Indonesian fauna and flora and to mitigate the socio-economic losses caused by invasive species in this country.

Acknowledgements We thank to many colleagues who help us with the research activities, namely: Luky Adrianto, Daisy Wowor, Majariana Krisanti, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal, Romanus Edy Prabowo, Marfian Dwidima Putra, Antonín Kouba, Martin Bláha, Pavel Kozák, Lukáš Kalous, Miloslav Petrtýl and Iva Langrová. The cooperation is supported by The Indonesian Crayfish Research Group.

References Lodge DM (1993) Biological invasions: lessons for ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8:133-137. Mouslih M (1987) Fish and crayfish introductions in Morocco. Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale (France) 20:65-72. Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, et al. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403:853. Padilla DK, Williams SL (2004) Beyond ballast water: aquarium and ornamental trades as sources of invasive species in aquatic ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2:131-138.

Patoka J, Bláha M, Devetter M, et al. (2016a) Aquarium hitchhikers: attached commensals imported with freshwater shrimps via the pet trade. Biological Invasions 18:457-461. Patoka J, Bláha M, Kalous L, et al. (2016b) Potential pest transfer mediated by international ornamental plant trade. Scientific Reports 6:25896. Patoka J, Wardiatno Y, Yonvitner, et al. (2016c) Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) has invaded Indonesian territory west of the Wallace Line: evidences from Java. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems 417:39. Patoka J, Magalhães ALB, Kouba A, et al. (2018a) Invasive aquatic pets: failed policies increase risks of harmful invasions. Biodiversity and Conservation 27:3037-3046. Patoka J, Wardiatno Y, Mashar A, et al. (2018b) Redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868), widespread throughout Indonesia. BioInvasions Records 7:185-189. Patoka J, Takdir M, Yonvitner, et al. (2020) Two species of illegal South American sailfin catfish of the genus Pterygoplichthys well-established in Indonesia. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems 421:28. Putra MD, Bláha M, Wardiatno Y, et al. (2018) Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) and crayfish plague as new threats for biodiversity in Indonesia. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 28:1434-1440. Simberloff D, Martin J-L, Genovesi P, et al. (2013) Impacts of biological invasions: what's what and the way forward. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 28:58-66. Svoboda J, Strand DA, Vrålstad T, et al. (2014) The crayfish plague pathogen can infect freshwater‐inhabiting crabs. Freshwater Biology 59:918-929. Svoboda J, Mrugała A, Kozubíková‐Balcarová E, Petrusek A (2017) Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci: a review. Journal of Fish Diseases 40:127-140. Yonvitner Y, Patoka J, Yuliana E, et al. (2020) Enigmatic hotspot of crayfish diversity at risk: Invasive potential of non‐indigenous crayfish if introduced to New Guinea. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 30: 219-22.

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Phytoplankton Diversity and Functional Group in Three Urban Lakes of Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia

Sulastri* and Ira Akhdiana

Research Centre for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Indonesia

*Coresponding author: Research Centre for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Urban lakes are rapidly becoming vulnerable because of such as anthropogenic pollution and urbanization. Phytoplankton is classified in the group of basic biological indicators of lake status. We determined and compared the diversity and functional group of phytoplankton including environmental factors in three urban lakes of Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia. The data was collected twice a week from July to October 2018. Three urban lakes showed different water quality. Phytoplankton composition consists of Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta, Cyanophyta, Pirrhophyta, Cryptophyta dan Euglenophyta division. Chlorophyta is more diverse group than other divisions in those three urban lakes. High cellular density of Chlorophyta was found in Lake Cibuntu and Lake Dora while in Lake Lotus high cellular densities represented by Bacillariophyta. Temporally, high cellular densities change from Chlorophyta to Chrysophyta in Lake Dora. Based on the index biodiversity, Lake Dora is more stable habitat than Lake Cibuntu and Lake Lotus with the index diversity (H’) and Eveness (J) value of Lake Dora, Cibuntu and Lotus, H’: 1.41- 4.03, J: 0.4 – 0.98; H’: 0.65- 2.61; J: 0.2- 0.76 and H’: 0.12 - 2.19. J: 0.11-0.57 respectively. The stability of habitat in Lake Dora was also indicated by the balance of phytoplankton functional group composition.

Keywords: Diversity; Phytoplankton; Lake status.

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Zooplankton Community Structure in Lake Tondano, Indonesia

Reliana Lumban Toruan

Research Centre for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46 Cibinong Science Centre and Botanical Garden, Cibinong 16911 – Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Centre for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46 Cibinong Science Centre and Botanical Garden, Cibinong 16911 – Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Study on freshwater ecology have been long focused toward subtropical habitats with few references to tropical regions. Zooplankton, in particular, are among the most abundant aquatic organism and are key player of aquatic food webs and a solid understanding of their community structure can be of direct benefit to freshwater ecosystem management. We studied spatial patterns of zooplankton community structure in Lake Tondano, Celebes Island- Indonesia, with the aim to understand how local environmental and habitat heterogeneity driving the zooplankton community structure. We performed field samplings to collect zooplankton using a vertical tow with a 156 µm mesh plankton net from 1 meter above the sediment to the surface, and to measure environmental parameters using portable multi probes water quality checker from three different water columns. The sampling designed included different habitats within the lake to look at diversity of the entire zooplankton communities including rotifers, cladocerans and copepods in Lake Tondano, Indonesia. We identified 21 species of cladocerans, 31 copepods and 60 rotifers. Our result indicates relatively low number of cladocerans which was found to be typical in topical lake ecosystem with high occurrence of planktivorous fish.

Keywords: Zooplankton diversity; Tropical lake; Tondano.

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Phytoplankton Performance in Supporting Primary Productivity in the Intensive Culture System of Vaname Shrimp

Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi*, Bambang Widigdo, Achmad Yasin, Jahrodin Soffyan, Aliati Iswantari and Dwi Yuni Wulandari

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis Darmaga Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis Darmaga Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract In a shrimp pond ecosystem, plankton is an important element in supporting successful shrimp production, including in intensive ponds with high stocking densities and high frequency of feed application. As a result, in this system, there are phytoplankton dynamics due to changes in water conditions in the ponds. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of primary production related to the performance of the phytoplankton community and water quality in the intensive pond system. Observations were made on primary productivity, phytoplankton community structure, and various water quality parameters. The results showed that Chaetoceros and Rhizosolenia appeared in all observation with high densities, followed by Nitzschia, Straurastrum, Oscillatoria, and Peridinium with less densities. Overall, the diversity of plankton was relatively low with an indication of dominance species appearance. There was increasing primary productivity over time and fluctuated characteristics of water quality There was a strong correlation between nutrient parameters (nitrate, nitrite and ammonium) and orthophosphate and the abundance of phytoplankton that tent to increase due to the increase of nutrients resulting from the decomposition of organic matter. There was a synchronous condition between the presence of organic matter and nutrients through the value of C/N and N/P, as well as the composition of plankton, which supports primary productivity during shrimp rearing in the pond.

Keywords: Nutrients; Organic matter; Shrimp pond; Water quality.

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Phytoplankton Species Potentially “Harmful Algal Bloom” (HABs) in Jakarta Bay

Tumpak Sidabutar* and Sam Wouthuyzen

Research Centre for Oceanography, LIPI. Jl. Pasir Putih I, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Oceanography - LIPI E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract The occurrence of algal bloom is causing problems in many parts of the world, including in Indonesian coastal waters. Harmful algal bloom events in Jakarta Bay have been increased since several years ago and caused massive fish kills which lead to economic losses in local fisheries, decrease of water quality and even threat to people consuming fish from the bay. Research had been conducted in Jakarta Bay in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2015, to study the variability of phytoplankton species that potentially as bloom maker. The samples were taken with a plankton net of 20 μm mesh size which deployed vertically to a depth of 7 - 10 meter at each station. The results showed that the abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 106 to 108 cells.m-3. The population composed of 27 taxa, mostly belong to diatoms and dinoflagellates. We observed there are nine genera of phytoplankton which potentially as harmful algal bloom species, occurring in Jakarta Bay. Three of them are known as the predominant species of algal bloom in this bay, namely: Skeletonema, Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira. Besides that, there are some species also playing a role in the tragedy of fish- killing due to oxygen depletion during blooms events in Jakarta Bay.

Keywords: Algal blooms; Variability; Predominant; Potentially.

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Algae Bloom Phenomenon in Jakarta Bay as Symptoms of Severe Eutrophication: Monitoring Results of 2014-2016

Ario Damar1,2,*, Ageng Dwi Prismayanti2, Bambang Yudho Rudianto2 and Agus Ramli2

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis Darmaga Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, Indonesia

Abstract Algae bloom is one of the symptoms of eutrophication process in an estuary, causing in some ecological and societal problems for the aquatic environments and human activities. Algae blooms observation was conducted in the dry season period between 2014 to 2016, in an eutrophic embayment of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Observations were made by conducting transect-boat survey and plankton sampling once the bloom was observed. Samples of chlorophyll-a and net plankton were taken and measured in the laboratory for phytoplankton biomass analysis, cell counting and identification of bloom-forming species. In the 3 consecutive years of observation, the most frequent bloom-forming species observed were Skeletonema costatum, Pseudonitzschia spp., and Noctiluca scintillans. The most frequent location of the blooms observed was in the inner part of the bay, in the area in front of Marunda, Ancol and Angke. Phytoplankton biomass during the bloom events were ranged between 126.3 to 232.3 µg Chl-a L-1, with the highest was in 2015 of during the Skeletonema costatum bloom. Blooms were also observed but in low frequency and low biomass at the middle part of the bay off Marunda coastline area. Cell phytoplankton counting were ranged from 1.117 × 106 cell L-1 to 2.682 × 106 cell L-1. During surveys, there was no mass mortality of fishes were detected.

Keywords: Eutrophication; Algae bloom; Phytoplankton; Nutrient enrichment; Tropical bay.

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Biodiversity and Community of Zooplankton Structure in Cengkok Coastal Waters and its Around, Banten Bay

Elga Mediana Syafitri1, Endang Sunarwati Srimariana2 and Sulistiono2,*

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Darmaga, Jl. Agatis, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Cengkok coastal waters of Banten Bay, is one of the waters that have many anthropogenic, industrial and aquaculture activities. Zooplankton is one of microorganism who can become bioindicator for the waters condition. This study aimed to analyze the biodiversity and structure of the zooplankton community in waters. The study was carried out, from May to September 2019 at five stations distributed from the river, estuary, to the sea. Data analysis was done by calculating the value of composition, abundance, similarity index, biological index and PCA. Based on the study obtained, the zooplankton consisted of 17 classes and 47 genera. Malacostraca and Ciliata are zooplankton which is always found in Cengkok coastal waters and with the largest composition. Based on location and time, respectively, the average composition of Malacostraca (47.2% and 49.8%) and Ciliata (40.6% and 37%). Based on location and time observation, the average diversity index (H') was (0.7-1.6) and (1.1-1.6); evenness index was (0.7-0.8) and (0.7-0.9); and index dominance was (0.3-0.6) and (0.3-0.4) respectively. The PCA results showing the tendency of water parameters with an abundance of zooplankton divided into 3 group and the results of similarity indeks showed the zooplankton abundance had highest similarity value at Stations 3 and 5 (0.829) and based on waters parameters showed that the highest similarity is 0.98. Based on the community structure index, it is found that the condition of zooplankton structure community in Cengkok coastal waters, Banten Bay is unstable.

Keywords: Banten Bay; Coastal; Zooplankton community structure.

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Heavy Metals (Pb, Hg) of Blood Cockle in Cengkok Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia

Annisa Dinulislam, Sulistiono*, Djamar T. F. Lumban Batu and Ridwan Affandi

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Abstract Blood cockle (Anadara granosa) is a biota that has high economic and ecological values in Cengkok Waters, Banten Bay. Human activities such as settlements, agriculture, fisheries, mining, and industries are seen as the leading causes of degradation in the aquatic environment with a negative impact on blood cockles. Pb and Hg from these human activities pollute the Cengkok Waters and accumulate in the body of blood cockles. This research aims at analyzing the Pb and Hg contained in blood cockles’ meat in Cengkok Waters, Banten Bay. Sampling was carried out for 6 months, from March to August 2019. Measurements of heavy metal contents were conducted using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The results showed that Pb and Hg were still within the quality standard of BPOM 2018. The calculation of the maximum consumption limit of blood cockles’ meat in the Cengkok Waters revealed that the maximum suggested consumption was 2.54 kg of meat/week for adults and 0.76 kg of meat/week for children.

Keywords: Banten Bay; Blood cockles (Anadara granosa); Cengkok Waters; Heavy metals.

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Heavy Metal (Pb, Hg, Cu) Contamination Level in Sediment and Water in Eastern Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap, Indonesia

Gatot Prayoga1,*, Sulistiono2, Hefni Effendi1,2 and Sigid Hariyadi2

1) Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Segara Anakan lagoon in Indonesia receives a variety of contaminants from numerous and various human activities. One of these was heavy metals, which were dangerous pollutants and will accumulate in the environment. This study aimed to determine the heavy metals content in sediment and water in Eastern Segara Anakan and its surrounding areas. Those data were then scrutinized whether they were toxic to the aquatic biota. Sampling was conducted at six observation stations every month. The heavy metals content were compared to the quality standard (set out by CCME and ANZECC & ARMCANZ for sediment, and Decree of the Minister of Environment Number 51 of 2004 for water). The heavy metals in sediments were below the minimum limit (Pb (30.2; 50.0), Hg (0.13; 0.15), Cu (18.7; 65.0), all in mg/kg units), except Cu that was once recorded exceeding the minimum limit during the observation. Other results, Pb and Cu in water showed exceeding the quality standard (both were 0.008 mg/l). However, it is still far from the lethal limit for various aquatic biota. Overall, the three heavy metals in sediment were still safe for aquatic biota, but in water, only Hg can be clearly stated that it is still safe.

Keywords: Heavy metals; Sediment; Water; Contamination.

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Bioacumulation of Non Essential Heavy Metals in Fish in Ir H Djuanda Reservoir, Purwakarta

Lismining Pujiyani Astuti*, Andri Warsa, Amula Nurfiarini and Didik Wahju Hendro Tjahjo

Research Institute for Fish Resources Enhancement. Jln Cilalawi No 1 Jatiluhur, Purwakarta, West Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Fish Resources Enhancement. Jln Cilalawi No 1 Jatiluhur, Purwakarta, West Java, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Ir. H. Djuanda or Jatiluhur Reservoir dams the Citarum River and it is heavily polluted river. It will affect the water quality and biota aquatic as fishes and benthos. The aim of the research was to determine the bioaccumulation of non-essential heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cr) in fish. The research was conducted in July 2018. Water and sediment samples were taken from 3 stations representing parts of the Citarum River, Cilalawi River and floating net cages. Fish samples was collected consist of wild fish and cultivated fish, namely goldfish, tilapia and catfish. The results showed that the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cr were not detected in reservoir water. Heavy metals of Pb, Cd and Cr detected in the sediment were 2.56 - 6.12; 0.04 - 0.08; and 2,621 - 6,013 ppm respectively. Heavy metals detected in wild fish and cultivated fish were only Cr, namely 0.039 - 0.205 ppm. The value of Bio-Concentration Factor (BCF) is low so that the fish is less able to accumulate heavy metals and so it is safe for consumption.

Keywords: Bioaccumulation; Heavy metal; Fish; Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir.

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Pollution Source of Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River

Hefni Effendi1,2,*, Gatot Prayoga1, Andrian Rizaldy Azhar1, and Tri Permadi1

1) Environmental Research Center (ERC) IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor

*Corresponding author: Environmental Research Center (ERC) IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor; Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Sources of pollutants in the Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River Basin were inventoried through data from the district's Environmental Agency which the three rivers cross. Pollutant sources were also determined based on searches in the form of type, number, and location, using google maps and google earth. The search results are mapped by applying ArcGIS. Aim of the research was to determine land-based source of pollution entering the river. The types and sources of pollutants vary greatly in terms of type, location and number. In the three river basins, it is known that there were 413 industrial sectors, 538 restaurants, 457 housing complexes, 80 hospitals, 92 hotels, 53 shopping centers, 37 livestock, 147 SMEs, and 59 domestic. The source of pollutants entering the Cikeas River was dominated by housing complexes. The source of pollutants entering the Cileungsi River was dominated by industry. Meanwhile, the sources of pollutants entering Bekasi River were mostly shopping centers, hotels, hospitals and restaurants.

Keyword: Domestic; Catchment area; Land-based; Pollution source.

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Pollution Index of Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi River

Hefni Effendi1,2,*, Gatot Prayoga1, Andrian Rizaldy Azhar1 and Tri Permadi1

1) Environmental Research Center (ERC) IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor

Abstract The water quality data of the Cileungsi-Cikeas-Bekasi river (survey results and monitoring data) were analyzed using the Pollution Index (IP) according to the calculation guidelines listed in Ministry of Environment Decree No. 115 of 2003 concerning Guidelines for Determining Water Quality Status. The goal was to determine the status of the quality or level of river water pollution. The quality standard used in the calculation refers to the class II quality standard based on the West Java Governor Regulation No. 12 of 2013 concerning Water Quality Standards and Water Pollution Control in Cimanuk River, Cilamaya River and Bekasi River. The IP value of the Cileungsi River shows that the quality status of the Cileungsi River was in the mildly polluted category, except in the upstream part (good condition). The status of the Cikeas River water quality was still in good condition, except in the downstream segment (lightly polluted). Based on data from the 2019 survey and monitoring of Environmental Agency of Bekasi City in the second semester of 2018, the water quality status of Bekasi River is a mildly polluted category in all segments.

Keyword: Pollution index; Mildly polluted; Lightly polluted; Downstream.

A1-12

Surface Runoff and Discharge of Bekasi River

Sri Malahayati Yusuf12, Setyo Pambudi Nugroho, Hefni Effendi1,3,*, Gatot Prayoga1 and Tri Permadi1

1) Environmental Research Center (ERC) IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor 2) Department of Soil and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Darmaga, Bogor 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor

Abstract The surface flow pattern of the Bekasi watersheds was analyzed using the Curve Numbers SCS equation. Watershed conditions were analyzed from river flow discharge. Flow regime coefficient is the ratio between the annual maximum discharge (Qmax) and minimum discharge (Qmin). The results of the prediction of surface runoff volume in Bekasi River sub- watershed varied from 0.04 to 44.74 mm. In the Bekasi River Sub-watershed there has been a decrease in land area which is able to absorb water into the ground. On the other hand, the percentage of developed land in the Bekasi River Sub-watershed was very high, reaching 83% of the total area of the Sub-watershed. The lowest discharge value is 3.53 m3/s. The direction for the management of Bekasi River can be approached by managing the decrease in surface runoff around the river to increase more water infiltration, which is aimed at reducing the maximum discharge and increasing the minimum discharge.

Keyword: Catchment area; Debit; Discharge; Surface run off.

A1-13

A Molecular Approach for Species Validation of Freshwater Shrimp from Lido Lake, West Java

Agus Alim Hakim, Tyara Aprilani Khoirunnisa* and Ali Mashar

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract The presence of invasive species is feared to threaten the existence of native species. Macrobrachium sintengense as a local freshwater shrimp has been reported to the population decline rapidly and is rarely found in the Lake Lido. A molecular identification approach through DNA barcode is needed for validation species. This study aimed to validate Macrobrachium sintengense based on16s rRNA gene marker in Lake Lido, West Java. The specimens were collected from local fisherman in Lido Lake. Molecular analysis was conducted in Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology, Department of Aquatic Resources Management, IPB University. The nucleotide sequence data were analysed using MEGA X software. Results of BLAST-n analysis, two samples were identified as M. sintengense (JQ362451.1) with an identification value of 98.88% and 99.05%. The genetic distance of both samples with M. sintengense from GenBank is 0.009 – 0.0113. The 16s rRNA gene marker as a molecular validation has strengthened the morphological identification of M. sintengense.

Keywords: 16s rRNA; Gene; Genetic distance; Identification; Macrobrachium sintengense.

A1-14

Improving Genetic Quality of Cultivated Aquatic Species under a Breeding Program: Case Study of First Generation (G1) Population of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)

Bambang Gunadi*, Adam Robisalmi and Lamanto

Research Institute for Fish Breeding. Jl. Raya 2 Sukamandi Pantura, Patokbeusi, Subang 41263, West Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Fish Breeding. Jl. Raya 2 Sukamandi Pantura, Patokbeusi, Subang 41263, West Java, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract A body weight based selection protocol is the most common practice in the genetic improvement programs for aquaculture species. It might be one of the criteria to be considered in aquatic resources management scheme. This experiment aimed to evaluate the genetic enhancement of selected first-generation (G1) of red tilapia. Fish were bred under fullsib mating design at hapa of 2x2 m2. The communal growing out of fingerlings was carried out in earthen pond for 150 days. The stocking density of fingerlings were 7 fish per m2. Fish were fed with commercial floating fish feed at a rate of 5-10% of biomass twice a day. The results showed that the population of male and female of red tilapia in the first generation (G1) grew faster than the previous generation (G0). The selection response values were 8.55% and 4.44% for male and female populations, respectively. The heritability value in male and female red tilapia populations is in the medium category with a value of 0.33 and 0.25, respectively. The results showed that the breeding program increased genetic quality of fish in term of body weight based growth in the first generation of red tilapia.

Keywords: Cultivated species; Growth; Selection response; Heritability; Red tilapia.

A1-15

Modern Methods of Genetic Sampling of Aquatic Organisms

Jana Marková1,*, Yonvitner2 and Jiří Patoka1

*Corresponding author: Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha – Suchdol, Czech Republic Email: [email protected]

Abstract Genetics is quickly developing scientific field. As the genetic methods are evolving, so are sampling procedures. Originally, most of the sampling approaches were lethal for the subjects, but with improving techniques, a small piece of tissue is enough for the analysis. Currently, it is possible to obtain the sample without harming the subject. A sampling of aquatic organisms, mainly those occurring in lower population densities, can be quite complicated. That opens the way to possible biological invasions that could be detected sooner with modern methods. One of such methods is environmental genetics which allows us to obtain genetic information without direct contact with the target organisms. It is important to assess the advantages and disadvantages when considering the best method for specific research questions in accordance to specific field conditions.

Keywords: DNA; eDNA; Detection; Animals.

A1-16

Genetic Variation of CO1 Gene of Hippa admirabilis in Northern Sulawesi

Vinna Windy Putri1, Fahri Fahri2, Yusli Wardiatno3,4 and Achmad Farajallah1,*

1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Jalan Soekarno-Hatta, Tondo, Palu, 94117, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 4) Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Hippoid crab is crustacean species inhabiting sandy beach in tropical and subtropical area. There are two family reported Hippidae and Albunidae in Indonesia, which comprises of several species. One of them is Hippa admirabilis. This species is only reported in Sulawesi Island in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to elucidate genetic variation of Hippa admirabilis in Northern Sulawesi. Ten specimens were collected from northern part of Sulawesi in 2016 which is Ogotumubu, Province of Central Sulawesi and Gorontalo, Province of Gorontalo. The DNA from muscle tissues was extracted from pereiopod of Hippa addmirabilis. The length of amplified the upper part CO1 gene is 591 bp. The obtained sequences are compared to our previous work in Genebank which is Hippa admirabilis from Banggai, Sulawesi. The phylogeny tree was constructed to phylogeographic scenario based on Neighbor-Joining methods with Kimura 2- parameters models using MEGA software. The haplotype analysis was performed using DNASP software. Five haplotypes of Hippa admirabilis was discovered in this study. There is one shared haplotype group with ten individual from Gorontalo and Ogotumubu. The rest haplotype is exclusive belong to each location. The nucleotide variation between Gorontalo, Ogotumubu and Banggai was 8 nucleotide base.

Keyword: Genetic Variation; Haplotype; Hippoid Crab.

A1-17

Characterization of Whole Mitochondrial Genome Amyda Cartilaginea from Dharmasraya West Sumatera

Anggi Nurhardiyanti Munawaroh1, Lora Purnamasari2 and Achmad Farajallah3,*

1) Animal Biosciences Study Program (BSH) Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. 2) Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia. 3) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Darmaga Jl. Agathis, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Previous data of the whole mitochondrial genome of soft-shelled turtle that it’s available in a public repository: Dogania subplana, Pelochelys cantorii, Chitra indica, Trionyx triunguis, Apalone spinifera, Rafetus swinhoei, and Pelodiscus sinensis. The first two species have natural distribution in Indonesia. Amyda cartilaginea is a species of soft-shelled turtle that is abundant in Indonesia. However, the whole mitochondrial genome data of A. cartilaginea is not available. We reported almost complete mitochondrial genome of A. cartilaginea that caught from Batanghari River in Dharmasraya District, West Sumatera. The amplification of mitochondrial DNA fragments was performed using several primers designed following mitochondrial gene organization and sequence of D. subplana (Accession No AF366350). We sequenced half of the whole mitochondrial genome (7757 bp, 48%). The gene organization of the mitochondrial genome of A. cartilaginea was identic with D. subplana and P. cantorii. The phylogenetic tree analysis based on 16SrRNA revealed that the position of A. cartilaginea clustered with another soft-shelled turtle (supported by 98% of bootstrap value). Further study is needed to make a complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of A. cartilaginea, with special focus to the control region to be applied to sustainable wild population management.

Keywords: Soft-shelled turtle; A. cartilaginea; Mitochondrial DNA; 16SrRNA.

B1-1

Morphological and Growth Responses of Enhalus acoroides Seedlings under Carbondioxide Enrichment: An Experimental Assesment

Aditya Hikmat Nugraha 1,*, Aminatul Zahra2 and Said Almahdi1

1) Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University (UMRAH), Jl. Politeknik, Kampus UMRAH Senggarang, Tanjungpinang 29111 2) Department of Aquacultue, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University (UMRAH), Jl. Politeknik, Kampus UMRAH Senggarang, Tanjungpinang 29111

*Corresponding author: Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University (UMRAH), Jl. Politeknik, Kampus UMRAH Senggarang, Tanjungpinang 29111 E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract It is predicted that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ocean will continue to increase. This phenomenon certainly has an impact on the sustainability of the marine ecosystem, including the seagrass ecosystem. This study aims to determine the effect of carbon dioxide on the morphometrics and growth of E. acoroides seedling. This study was an experimental study where the seeds from the fruit were grown in a controlled environment for two months. There are two treatments, first treatment with the addition of carbon dioxide and without the addition of carbon dioxide. The results of this study indicate that there are significant result from the two treatments given. Seagrass seeds that grow on treatment with carbon dioxide gas generally have shorter morphological characteristics as well as their growth.

Keywords: Carbondioxide; E. acoroides; Growth; Morphological; Seed.

B1-2

Diversity of Riparian Plants of Black Water Ecosystem in the Sebangau River, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Lukas1, Belinda Hastari2, Ardianor3 and Sulmin Gumiri4,*

1) Environmental Science Doctoral Student Program, University of Palangka Raya University 2) Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palangka Raya 3) Dept. Of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palangka Raya 4) Graduate Program, University of Palangka Raya

*Corresponding author: Graduate Program, University of Palangka Raya E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract The riparian vegetation that grows on the banks of the Sebangau river plays an important role in supporting the composition of the biota and the quality of river water. This study aims to analyze the condition of riparian vegetation in the Sebangau river. Sampling was carried out in March 2020 using the quadrant method, 1 x 1 m plots for herb and grass habitus, the plots size 5 x 5 m for shrub habitus, copses, lianas, and 10 x 10 m plots for tree habitus. The data analyzed were species composition, diversity and species dominance. The results showed that the tree composition at the study location was characterized by the herb and grass habitus where there were herbs and grass there were 4 families (214 individuals); in shrubs, copsesand lianas there are 3 families (135 individuals); and in tree habitus there are 2 families (282 individuals). The herb and grass habitus were dominated by Hydrilla verticillata species, shrub, copse and liana habitus was dominated by Pandanus helicopus species, and the dominant species of tree habitus was Shorea balangeran. The diversity index was low for habitus (tree habitus) to moderate (herb and grass habitus; shrub, copse and liana habitus), but with abundant numbers for the family and number of species.

Keywords: Riparian; Number of species; Diversity; Dominance; Sebangau River.

B1-3

Habitat Preference of Longtail Shad (Tenualosa macrura) in the Water of Bengkalis, Meranti Island and Siak Regencies, Riau Province

Vivin Seygita1,*, Sulistiono2, Cecep Kusmana3 and Gatot Yulianto2

1) Study Program of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, Postgraduate School, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang Jl. Raya Padjajaran Bogor 16151. Kota Bogor. Indonesia. 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. 3) Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: 1Study Program of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, Postgraduate School, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang Jl. Raya Padjajaran Bogor 16151. Kota Bogor. Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstrack The waters of Bengkalis (as the estuary of Siak River) in Meranti and Siak Regencies of Riau Province is known as longtail shad (Tenualosa macrura) spawning area. This study aims to describe the condition of the waters of the fish spawning habitat. Sampling was conducted for 3 months from September to November 2019. The physical, chemical and biological parameters were observed i.e. temperature, depth and transparency, salinity, TSS, pH, DO, nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4), BOD, lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg), plankton abundance and diversity. The result showed the waters temperatures, depth, transparency, salinity, TSS, pH, and DO varied 26.7-30.3°C, 4-30 m, 0.27-0.835 m, 25-30 ppt, < 3 - 88 mg/l, 7, and 5.9-7.9 mg/l, respectively. The nitrate, phosphate, BOD, Pb, and Hg were 0.617-2.196 mg/l, 0.006- 1.666 mg/l, 0.80-11 mg/l, 0.002-0.094 mg/l and <1 mg/l, respectively. The most common genera of phytoplankton is Trichodesmium sp (37.293 to 596.688 cells/m³), while the most abundant zooplankton is Tintinnopsis sp (8.421-54.135 cells/m³). According to the study, it was known that the water condition of the fish habitat was quite good. However, the nitrate and phosphate in the waters passed the quality standard threshold for fisheries.

Keywords: Water condition; Spawning ground; Conservation.

B1-4

The Effect of Garlic Allium sativum Addition in Feed to the Growth Performance and Immune Response of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Lies Setijaningsih*, Imam Taufik and Mulyasari

Research Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extention. Jl. Sempur No. 1, Bogor 16154, West Java, Indonesia

*Correspending author: Research Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extention. Jl. Sempur No. 1, Bogor 16154, West Java, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Immunostimulants are an alternative option in increasing growth performance and disease control through increasing fish immunity. Garlic is a medicinal plant known to act as an immunostimulant. Research data collection was carried out for 30 days. Fish reared using aquarium, using an aeration system with stocking density of 20 fish/aquarium. The research method used was a laboratory experimental, using a completely randomized design with three replication. The treatments used were the addition of garlic extract each at a dose of A. 0% without garlic in the feed (control); B. 1%; C. 3% and D. 5% garlic in feed. The results showed that these treatments had a significantly different effect on absolute growth, daily growth rate and survival, but had the same effect on health conditions. Treatment with the addition of 1% dose of garlic extract in the feed showed the highest value in weight gain (17.75±0.48 g), daily growth rate (0.42±0.01 g/day), survival (86.67±0.71%) and non-specific immune response, namely leukocytes 4.8 x 10 cells/mm3, erythrocytes 4.72 x106 cells/mm3 and hemoglobin 6.04 90 G%. The conclusion is adding garlic extract to feed at a dose of 1% or 10 g/kg of feed resulted in the highest growth and survival rates.

Keywords: Immunostimulant; Oreochromis niloticus; Allium sativum.

B1- 5

Biodiversity and Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Reservat and Protected Area of Mahseer (Tor spp.) Habitats in Bungo and Kerinci Regencies, Jambi Province, Indonesia

Febri Ria Safitri1, Sulistiono1,*, Sigid Hariyadi1 and Asmadi2

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Marine Affairs and Fisheries Office of Jambi Province, Jl. MT. Haryono, No. 9, Telanai Pura, Pematang Sulur, Telanaipura, Jambi 36129, Indonesia

Abstract Mahseer (Tor spp.) conservation efforts require information relating to habitat characteristics including phytoplankton biodiversity and community structure as a biological characteristics. This study aims to evaluate the phytoplankton diversity and community structure in the mahseer habitat, namely reservat and protection areas in Muara Bungo and Kerinci Districts of Jambi Province. This study was conducted in four times samplings i.e. December 2018, April 2019, July 2019, and October 2019, at three sites of protected area, namely in Lubuk Alai, Senamat River, and the protected area of Tarutung Village. Furthermore, the data at the three sites were compared with data outside the protected area. Biological indices of the phytoplankton were calculated. The results showed that the mahseer habitat had a high diversity of phytoplankton. The results showed that the mahseer habitat had 8 genera of phytoplankton diversity, dominated by the Bacillariophyceae group, especially Synedra sp. with a dominance rate of more than 60% at each station. Based on the calculation results, it can be seen that the diversity index ranged from 0.95 to 1.18, the evenness index ranged from 0.40 to 0.82, and the dominance index ranged from 0.39-0.43 in protected areas.

Keywords: Conservation; Masheer; Phytoplankton.

B1-6

Tor sp. tracking using Radiotelemetry in Batang Toru River, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia

Totok Hestirianoto1, Sulistiono2, Charles Simanjuntak2, MF Rahardjo2, Dadang Syafruddin3, Thomas Nugroho4 and Agus J. Ismanto5

1) Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 4) Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 5) Department of Environment, PT North Sumatera Hydro Energy, Jl. Darmawangsa VII No 2, Jakarta, 12160, Indonesia

Abstract Four locally inhabiting Tor sp. from Batang Toru River of North Sumatera Province, Indonesia had been tracked using Radio Telemetry technology in 2019. The Radio pinger was SRX-800 series from Lotek Wireless Canada. The Radio pinger was 1 inch length and 5 mm in diameter, dipped in Fibreglass resin with 20 cm antena cable. The radio frequency was transmitted on 138-176 MHz. Througha simple surgery the pinger was inserted into stomach cavity. The Tor was relatively large (about 1 kg) and 30 cm total body length. The antena was remain left outside the body. After four months of observation, the pinging sound was still able to be heard, and the swimming range of the fish was easy to be Pinpoint. Most of the fish was hidding under the rock boulder or in the river basin. The longest detected swimming distant was five kilometer. Thus, it can be concluded that the Radio-Pinger SRX-800 Lotek is able to be used to follow the fish swimming area in a large river like Batang Toru.

Keywords: Fish tracking; Radio telemetry.

B1-7

Evidence of Residential Area of Whale Sharks in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara

Muhammad Fadil Farid1,*, Sigid Hariyadi2, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal2 and Handoko Adi Susanto2

1) Graduate Student of the Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Graduate Student of the Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Saleh Bay is one of the locations where whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) occur in Indonesia and can be found all year round. Whale sharks broadly, distributed throughout tropical and subtropical waters of the world’s oceans. Immature male <7m while female <10 mostly coastal aggregation. Based on the International Whale Shark Conference in Australia in 2019, Saleh Bay is a residential area for whale sharks, therefore this study aims to prove the residential area of the whale shark in Saleh Bay. This study was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020, which is a transition from the East to West seasons. At the beginning of the transition season, the concentration of emergence is in the eastern part of the bay, then when entering the west season the concentration is in the western part. The Photo-ID data obtained were compared with CI's Saleh Bay Whale Shark ID Calatog data last uptade April 2020. Surface temperature was measured directly in the range of 29-320C, data for chlorophyll-a were taken from marine.copernicus.eu and bathymetry from cmap.ihms.us then interpolated using QGIS 3.10 software. 24 Photo-IDs were obtained from 39 whale sharks, 23 of which were males while 1 female and there were 6 new individuals from June 2019 to April 2020. The size of the whale sharks recorded in this study ranged from 2.5 to 7m (mean 4.57) (juvenile).

Keywords: Whale shark; Photo identification; Ecology; Saleh bay.

B1-8

Code of Conduct Enjoying the Appearance of Halmahera’s Endemic Walking Shark (Hemiscyllium halmahera) in Ternate Coastal Waters

Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal1,*, Zahirah Kartini1, Hawis H Madduppa2, Adityawan Ahmad3 and Faisal Rumagia4

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University 2) Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University 3) Aquatic Resource Management Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia 4) Study Program of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fishery and Marine, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga – Bogor 16680 E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Author)

Abstract Halmahera walking shark (Hemiscyllium halmahera) is endemic to North Maluku and adjacent waters where a growing marine tourism in this region has been partly contributed by the existence of this elasmobranch. The research aims was to explore walking shark’s behavioral response to propose a code of conduct respecting animals welfare-based interaction between sharks and visitors was proposed. Three sites characterized by coral reefs and seagrass habitats of Ternate waters namely Falajawa, Kayu Merah, and Fitu were selected for walking shark observation at nighttime from April to May 2018. On its appearance, encounters number, behavior, and its response to visitors was recorded. At visitor site, interaction between walking shark and visitors were documented based on questionnaires answer. The results showed that walking sharks abundance was highest at Fitu demonstrating a higher affinity to healthier coral reefs and segrass beds. The code of conduct proposes the sighting distance is 1–2 meters away with maximum three divers/snorkelers number. Direct light especially on eyes, touching, feeding, and lifting it out of water are strictly disallow. Code of conduct is recommended to support conservation and sustainability of Halmahera walking shark.

Keywords: Hemiscyllium halmahera; Behavior; Visitors-shark interaction.

B1-9

Assessing Bali Sardine Stock Status Using Real-Time Electronic Catch Landing Data Recorder and Time Series Catch Database

Mohamad Natsir1, 2, *, Regifiji Anggawangsa1, and Masaaki Wada2

1) Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Gedung BRSDMKP 2, Jl. Pasir Putih II Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia 2) School of System Information Science, Future University Hakodate, 116-2 Kamedanakano, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8655, Japan

*Corresponding author: School of System Information Science, Future University Hakodate, 116-2 Kamedanakano, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8655, Japan E-mail address: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract Digitalization of capture fisheries data becomes inevitable in the present and future time. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the fisheries sector is widely applied, creating a bigger and better database. Development of the database offers the utilization of Big Data and Decision Support System (DSS) to provide robust analysis, simulate better scenarios, formulate recommendations, and propose management measures to support successful fisheries management in achieving sustainability and profitability objectives. Bali Strait sardine stock estimation has been conducted several times through several approaches and techniques. This study will combine the available times series catch and effort data from published statistic data and publications with real-time data from electronic catch monitoring in Muncar and Pengambengan fishing port. The sardine stock and fishery status estimation will be analyzed using a stock-production model incorporating covariates (ASPIC), a Nonequilibrium surplus-production model to data on fish catch and relative abundance. Another purpose of this study is to increase stakeholder participation through a smart dashboard system that enables automatic data analysis, faster recommendations distribution, and engagement. Increased stakeholders participatory in fisheries management will be a crucial factor in achieving operational and successful fisheries management.

Keywords: Sardine fishery; Digital diary; Bali Strait; Small-scale.

B1-10

Length-Weight Relationships and Sex Ratio of Selaroides leptolepis, Cuvier 1833 in Tomini Bay, Indonesia

Nuralim Pasisingi1,*, Tyas Dita Pramesthy2 and Ahmad Musyali1

1) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Jl. Jendral Sudirman No 6, Kecamatan Kota Tengah, Kota Gorontalo, Gorontalo 96128, Indonesia 2) Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Dumai. Jl. Wan Amir No 1, Kelurahan Pangkalan Sesai, Kecamatan Dumai Barat, Kota Dumai, Riau 28826, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Jl. Jendral Sudirman No 6, Kecamatan Kota Tengah, Kota Gorontalo, Gorontalo 96128, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Selaroides leptolepis is one of the most common pelagic fish which has high market demand in Gorontalo. This study aims to provide growth patterns and sex ratio of S. leptolepis male and female inhabiting Tomini Bay, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted monthly for six months from April 2020 to September 2020. A sample of 1168 was taken randomly from Tomini Bay fishers who landed their catch at Kampung Tenda Fish Landing Site, Gorontalo City. The length and weight of fish were measured using a ruler (nearest 1 mm) and an analytical scale (nearest 0.01 g), separately. The results showed that almost all captured exhibited positive allometric growth (b > 3) and tended to be plump. Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) formula for the male was W = 4.06 L0.0573 (r = 0.99), while for the female was W = 0.000002 L3.3324 (r = 0.98). The sex ratio between males and females during the sampling periods was 1: 1.17, which means the population proportion is not balanced. Such data are essential for establishing fisheries management in Tomini Bay.

Keywords: Selaroides; Allometric; Tomini; Sex Ratio; Indonesia.

B1-11

Length Base Spawning Potential Ratio of Indian Scad (Decapterus russelli, Rupell, 1928) in South China Sea

Asep Priatna1,*, Mennofatria Boer2, Rahmat Kurnia2, and Yonvitner2

1) Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jl. Raya Bogor Km.47 Cibinong, Bogor, 16610, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract The spawning potential ratio (SPR) could be used to investigate stock indicator for data-poor ﬁsheries, to inform management decision. This study was aimed to assess SPR based on length frequency distribution as biological reference point for stock status of Indian scad (Decapterus russelli) in South China Sea. The length frequency data of were collected from 2015 to 2019 in as monthly sampling. Aproximately, 250 fish each month were measured in fork length. Fish samples were obtained from catch of purse seiner which landed at Pemangkat fishing port. The SPR was analyzed using LBSPR method and considering the uncertainties. We found that the growth coefficient (K), length asymptotic (L∞) and natural mortality (M) were 0.83 year-1,

20.49 cm of Fork length and 2.2 respectively. Length at maturity in 50% level (L50) was 17.4 cm and 95% level (L95) was 20.0 cm. Based on these parameters and determining uncertainties resulted the stochastic SPR is mostly met to the threshold of reference point at level 60%. It means that stock status of D. russelli is at the optimum level.

Keywords: Decapterus russelli; Indian Scad; Life history parameters; Spawning potential ratio; South China Sea.

B1-12

Length Based-Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR), on Exploited Demersal Stock (Priachantus tayenus) in Small Scale Fisheries, Sunda Strait

Yonvitner1,2,*, Mennofatria Boer1, Rahmat Kurnia1 and Surya Gentha Akmal3

1) Aquatic resources management (MSP)-Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science. IPB- University 2) Centre for Disaster Studies (CERDAS), IPB University 3) Doctoral Program at Zoology and Fisheries Department, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga – Bogor 16680. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Recent year, Length based-Spawning potential ratio (SPR) approach are commonly use at fisheries data-poor management in worldwide. This approach is more familiar and easy used by researchers and managers to find the best ways in fisheries management. Therefor we try to apply this technique for demersal exploited stock (Priachanthus tayenus) in Sunda Strait. The length data were collected in 2013, 2015, 2016, and 2019 by a research team from Labuan landing port. Data analysis consists of length frequency, size at maturity, selectivity, and SPR by using software from barefootecologist.com.au/lbspr. Results have shown asymptotic Length 320.25 mm, length at maturity (Lm50) 201.4 mm, von Bertalanffy growth rate 0.136, and ratio M/k 1.56. The SPR of P. tayenus range from 6-36% (average 16%), and it's relatively under 40% and potentially unsustainable. The length at selectivity 50 percent (SL50) ranges from 154-261.36 mm and length selectivity at 95% (SL95) from 179-348.48 mm. At the period 2013-2019, monitoring activity SPR relatively dynamic sometimes decrease and increases at a low level every year, and first at breeding (50% and 95%) also decreases. It means the gonadal maturity of Priachantus tayenus in Sunda Strait more quickly and dominant by young fish stock. It is necessary to prohibit size fish capture in order to increase the spawning potential ratio (spr).

Keywords: Priachanthus tayenus; SPR (Spawning potential ratio); Length; Sunda Strait; Data poor management.

B1-13

Exploring Quality of Small Island Socio-Ecological Systems in the Saobi Island

Agus Romadhon1,*, Dyah Ayu Sulistyo Rini2 and Fery Kurniawan2

1) Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Agriculture, (Madura Trunojoyo University), Jl. Raya Kamal, PO. BOX 02 Kamal, Kampus UTM, Madura 69162, Indonesia 2) Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Agriculture, (Madura Trunojoyo University), Jl. Raya Kamal, PO. BOX 02 Kamal, Kampus UTM, Madura 69162, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Bhayangkara Panidi No 35 Bangkalan, Madura 69112 Email: [email protected]

Abstract Small islands are essential habitats for many endemic species. However, global conservation assessments are too coarse to characterize areas of intense human influence or landscape connectivity at a proper resolution for conservation planning on most islands. Our goal was to design a conservation area on a small island. Using the Saobi island as a case study, our specific objectives were to (1) develop a map of marine resources, and (2) characterized the status and condition of marine resources. We used GIS (Geographic Information System) as a tool to develop marine resources maps and Socio-Ecological System (SES) from Burkhard et al. (2012) as tool analysis to characterize the status and condition of marine resources. We found that Saobi island has two important ecosystems (coral reef and sandy beach), which they in good condition. Saobi island possesses a compact network of natural areas, with a few patches in the interior coral critical to structural connectivity.

Keywords: Small island; SES; Saobi.

B1-14

Socio-Ecological System Perspective of Seagrass Ecosystem in Wakatobi

Nurul Dhewani Mirah Sjafrie1,*, Puji Rahmadi1, Fery Kurniawan2, 3, Triyono1 and Indarto Happy Supriyadi1

1) Research Centre for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute for Sciences, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural Institute), Indonesia 3) Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural Institute), Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Centre for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute for Sciences, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract The perspective of the socio-ecological system (SES) is widely used to identify, and explain the relationship between seagrass ecosystems, and its dependent community in the Regency of Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi Province. These relationships can be recognized when humans, as a dependent community, are utilizing the seagrass ecosystems benefit. Further, these utilization patterns can be used as a basis for managing the seagrass ecosystems itself. Therefore this study was conducted to identify and map the relationship between seagrass ecosystems, and its communities in Wangi-wangi Island, Kaledupa Island and Tomia Island. The data were collected in June - July 2019 through observation, focused group discussions and interviews with 59 respondents. The relationship between the seagrass ecosystem, and its community was analyzed descriptively. The results show that the SES built a simple pattern. Seagrass ecosystems were used as the main source of daily food for island people. Seagrass products were traded limited inside the island. Resource users, infrastructure providers, as well as public infrastructure, formed a short-chain. In order to enhance the socio-ecological system established, it is important to preserve the condition of seagrass ecosystems by ensuring the implementation of existing legal rules and local wisdom.

Keywords: Seagrass; SES; Daily food-source; Wakatobi.

B1-15

Spatial Analysis of Ecosystem Services of Bima Bay Region, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Munawar1,2,*, Luky Adrianto3,4, Mennofatria Boer3 and Zulhamsyah Imran3

1) Study Program for Coastal and Marine Resources Management, Graduated Program, IPB University, Dramaga Bogor, Indonesia 2) Planning Bureau, Secretariat General, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Campus, Dramaga Bogor, Indonesia 4) Coastal and Ocean Resource Study Center, IPB Campus, Dramaga Bogor, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Study Program for Coastal and Marine Resources Management, Graduated Program, IPB University, Dramaga Bogor, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Bima Bay, as an ecosystem, is very interesting to understand in its relation between the changes in land use/land cover with ecosystem services. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of ecosystem services in Bima Bay. The data analysis methods used were: field surveys, independent interviews with stakeholders, and spatial information sourced from relevant documents. This study aimed to map the characteristics of ecosystem services in Bima Bay. The results showed that the highest ecological integrity index value was found in West Rasanae Sub-District at 0.5592 and the lowest integrity value was in Soromandi Sub- District at 0.3051. The highest value of the inventory service index was found in West Rasanae Sub-District at 0.1526 and the lowest was Soromandi Sub-District at 0.0981. The highest index value for regulating services was found in West Rasanae Sub-District at 0.3333 and the lowest was Soromandi Sub-District at 0.2119. The highest index value for cultural services was 0.5143 and the lowest was Soromandi Sub-District at 0.2143. The index value of the Bima Bay ecosystem services budgets was -1.8138, this showed that human demand for ecosystem goods and services was greater than the ability to provide them (supply

Keywords: Ecosystem services; Ecological integrity; Budgets.

B1-16

Stakeholders Role in Economy Creative Development Based on Maritime Culture in Alor Regency

Christina Yuliaty*, Nendah Kurniasari, Riesti Triyanti and Armen Zulham

Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio Economics. Jl. Pasir Putih I. Ancol Timur- Jakarta

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio Economics. Jl. Pasir Putih I. Ancol Timur- Jakarta E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Culture-based creative economy development policies are needed in order to have a broader impact on the acceptance of benefits, namely the community, local government and the central government. This policy requires the support of various stakeholders in accordance with their roles and functions. This study aims to examine the roles and influences of each stakeholder in the development of a creative economy based on maritime culture in Alor Regency. Stakeholders consist of government, private, community and non-governmental organizations. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and stakeholder analysis using the mactor program (Matrix of Alliances and Conflicts: Tactics, Objectives and Recommendations). The sampling technique used the snowball sampling method. The results showed that the Industries Extentions, Cooperatives Small and Medium Enterprises Extentions, DPMD, Fisheries Extensions, District Tourism Office, Kabola Fishermen Communication Forum and Village Government as the main stakeholder who have an important role in the formulation of maritime culture-based creative economy development policies in Alor Regency. The research states that there are no stakeholders who oppose the development of the creative economy in Alor Regency, but in order for the creative economy development based on maritime culture to be achieved there must be collaboration between stakeholders who have high power and interests and also increase the role of academics as part of the triple helix.

Keywords: Maritime tourism; Maritime culture; Alor; Stakeholders analysis; Tourism.

B1-17

Sustainable Challenges in Developing Marine-Based Adventure Tourism in Ambon

Muhammad Rizali Umarella, Muhammad Baiquni, Sigit Heru Murti and Muh Aris Marfai*

Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract There has been growing demands of nature-based tourism involving diverse activities. Marine- based adventure tourism is one of it, which is based on a unique combination at the marine biodiversity, scenic beauty, and sea activities such as sea kayaking and diving. Its rapid growth brings possibilities on the destruction on the natural resources because in most cases, any type of tourism industry only concentrates on the economy development. Sustainable marine- based adventure tourism should balance with many local factors such ecology, society, culture, and economy, focusing on the quality of nature. The unwisely planned tourism development can gradually destroy its natural environmental resources on which it depends. In this paper, the authors describe the possible effects of marine based-adventure tourism development on natural resources along with aquatic pollution challenges and finally, how this tourism can contribute to environmental conservation in Ambon, Maluku.

Keywords: Marine-based adventure tourism; Sustainable tourism; Aquatic pollution.

B1-18

Potential Carrying Capacity of Marine Ecotourism in Sub Region III of Thousand Island’s Marine National Park

Fredinan Yulianda1,* and Amalia Febryane Adhani Mazaya2

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Program Study of Tourism, Ambarrukmo Tourism Institute, Yogyakarta, Jl. Ahmad Yani Ring Road Timur, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta

Abstract Thousand Island’s Marine National Park (TNKpS) is one of the nature conservation area in Indonesia, located in North Jakarta. High potential of the resources in this area makes this location favorited to visit by many tourists and causes the damage to be heavier. Before manage by limiting number of tourists, carrying capacity potential analysis is carried out to determine maximum number of tourists who can conduct marine ecotourism in TNKpS and to control the impacts of this activities. The purpose of this study was to analyze potential carrying capacity and its allocation of marine tourists. Method that used in this research is tourism suitability, carrying capacity and GIS analysis. Marine ecotourism in sub-region III TNKpS is divided into two activities based on the distribution of coral reef resources utilization; snorkeling and diving. The area of coral reefs for snorkeling is 1,008,433.24 m2, while for diving is 2,766,593.80 m2 which are spreading in the waters of sub-region III TNKpS. With this area, potential carrying capacity for snorkeling is 3,752 people/day, for diving is 9,814 people/day. Marine ecotourism in sub-region III TNKpS still has potential to be developed by applying carrying capacity principle and setting the allocation of spot tourism pertrip perday.

Keywords: Carrying capacity; Marine ecotourism; Thousand Island’s Marine Park.

C1-1

The Condition of Coral Reef Ecosystem in Natuna Island

Try Febrianto1, Rikoh Manogar Siringoringo2, Risandi Dwirama Putra1,*, Dedy Kurniawan3, Ni Wayan Purnamsari2, Jumsurizal4 and Muhammad Abrar2

1) Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Maritime Raja Ali Haji of University. Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, 29111 Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands 2) Research Centre for Oceanography, Indonesia Institute of Science, Jl. Pasir Putih I Ancol Timur, 11048 Jakarta – Indonesia 3) Department of Marine Resources Management, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Maritime Raja Ali haji of University. Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, 29111 Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands 4) Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Maritime Raja Ali haji of University. Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, 29111 Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands

*Corresponding author: Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Maritime Raja Ali haji of University. Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, 29111 Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Three groups of marine biotas in the coral reef ecosystem (coral, reef fish, and megabenthos) were analysed to determine the condition of coral reefs ecosystem in nineteen sampling sites location on Natuna Island. The coral reef observation used Underwater Photo Transect method, the reef fish observation using the Underwater Visual Census method and megabenthos observations using the Benthos Belt Transect method. The analysis of coral used percentage of benthic cover, including live coral, dead coral algae, and dead coral. The analysis for reef fish consisted of diversity, abundance, and biomass analysis for the three fish group including corallivore, herbivore and carnivore group. The analysis for megabenthos consisted of diversity and density analysis from eight group megabenthos fauna categories, including, Giant Clamp, Lobster, Drupella spp., Linckia laevigata, Sea urchin, Sea cucumber, Trochus spp., Acanthaster planci. From nineteen sites location, nine sites were categorized as the fair condition of live coral cover with average percentage of live coral cover was 24.53%. The largest composition of coral reef fish groups from herbivorous. The highest density megabenthos was sea urchins (5,500 ind.ha-1), followed by Drupella spp. (3857 ind.ha-1).

Keywords: Coral; Diversity; Outer Island; Reef fishes; Megabenthos.

C1-2

Current Status of Coral Reef Ecosystems in Brumbun Bay, Tulungagung

Sukandar1,2, Citra Satrya Utama Dewi1,3,*, Agustin Capriati1, Derta Prabuning4 and Akhyar Maududi1

1) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science – University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia 2) Indonesia Marine Fisheries – IMFISHER, Malang, Indonesia 3) Coastal Resilience and Climate Change Adaptation in Tropical Region – CORECT, Malang, Indonesia 4) Reef Check Indonesia, Denpasar, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Marine Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Coral reefs play a vital role in providing habitat for reef fish and other invertebrates yet there are increasing pressure on the systems. Moreover, only few studies and information provided about coral reefs status in Tulungagung. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to determine substrate cover, diversity of reef fish, and invertebrates. The study carried out in once sampling sites in Brumbun Bay, Tulungagung on October 2017. The method used were ecodiver survey, Line Intercept Transect, Underwater Visual Census, and Belt Transect. All methods were done by diving at depths of 9 to 14 meters. The data obtained then were analyzed descriptively to describe the current status of coral reefs in Tulungagung. The result showed that 34% of substrate was covered by hard coral, 45% by sand, rock, coral fragments, soft corals and algae. A total of four groups reef fish were recorded in this coral reef ecosystem i.e. Butterflyfish, Snapper, Parrotfish, and Haemulidae. Snapper is known as a reef fish group that is more commonly found compared to three other groups. The results showed that there were no invertebrates found during the dive. Based on the results that the status of coral reefs in Tulungagung was rated in moderate condition. It is imperative to note down that trash nets and plastic waste were found frequently at most of the sampling sites. This study provides crucial information about current status of coral reefs in Brumbun Bay, Tulungagung which in the future can be used as a reference study.

Keywords: Coral Reefs; Reef Fish; Invertebrates; Eco-diver.

C1-3

Coral Reef Ecosystems Condition Prediction After Tsunami Based on Previous Reef fish Community Structure and Benthic Coverage Surveillance on Sumur, Banten

Budi Prabowo1,2,*, Fery Kurniawan1,3, Aditya Bramandito2, Ridho Zulfikar Wicaksono2, Muhammad Arsyad Al Amin1 and Akhmad Solihin1,4

1) Centre for Coastal Marine Resources Science Studies, Bogor 16129, Indonesia 2) Department of Marine Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, IPB University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia 4) Department Fisheries Resources Utilization, IPB University. Bogor 16880, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Centre for Coastal Marine Resources Science Studies, Bogor 16129, Indonesia, Department of Marine Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Patterns of community structure within coral reefs ecosystems were strongly influenced by a catastrophe such as a tsunami. Sumur is one of the coastal regions which affected the most by the Banten Tsunami in December 2018. The paper aims to predict coral reef ecosystem conditions after one month of a tsunami based on reef fish community structure and benthic coverage data. The research was conducted on each island around Sumur coastal region. Reef fish samples were sampled using an underwater visual census, and benthic coverage was taken with quadrats for Coral Point Count Estimation (CPCe). Overall, coral conditions assessed by conservation value determined through coral morphology. The highest coral coverage was found in West Sumur, Southwest Oar and North Badul. Almost all sites have a high diversity reef fish community with the highest abundance and species richness on Southwest Umang and North Badul. The coral reef ecosystems of Badul Island, Mangir Island and Cigorondong came to be most stress tolerations. Most stresses tolerated location, which contains mostly coral massive and sub-massive, will be more enduring than other sites. Reef fishes after a catastrophe will shift to the sites with most coral reef-building survived, especially reef fish with territorial behavior.

Keywords: Coral reefs ecosystems; Coral morphology; Reef fish behavior; Tsunami catastrophe.

C1-4

Assessment of Coral Reef Health Conditions in Juru Seberang Village, Tanjung Pandan District, Belitung Regency-Bangka-Belitung Province

Idris1,*, Fakhrurrozi1 and Cakra Adiwijaya2

1) Indonesian Coral Reef Foundation (TERANGI), Jalan Asyibaniyah No. 105-106 Pondok Jaya Cipayung Depok West Java16438 2) Graduate School of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor West Java 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Indonesian Coral Reef Foundation (TERANGI), Jalan Asyibaniyah No. 105-106 Pondok Jaya Cipayung Depok Jawa Barat 16438 E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Belitung has potential coral reefs as many as 244 species of 15 genera and reef fish as many as 89 species. However, the current condition of coral reefs in Belitung is under high pressure, caused by illegal tin mining activities. For this reason, need studies related to their impact on the health of marine life, especially on coral reefs so that the policy can be reviewed, to see the important role of coral reefs for other marine biotas. The aim of this study is focused on knowing the condition of substrate coverage, diversity and biomass of target fish as well as assessing the health of coral reefs at the observation site. Data were collected with SCUBA diving equipment at 6 stations, at depth of 5-7 m. The data of substrate was taken by Underwater Photo Transect method and for reef fish using belt transect. The results showed substrate coverage was dominated by hard corals, dead corals, sand, and dead corals with algae. Fleshy Seaweed cover ranges from 0.07-4.77%, coral fragment cover ranges from 0 – 2.6%, target fish biomass value obtained varies between 0.0006 – 0.0299 kg/ha, and coral reef health index at each observation station ranges from 3 to 6.

Keywords: Coral reef health; Reef fish; Bangka-Belitung; Rubble; Fleshy seaweed.

C1-5

Assessment of Coral Reefs Damaged Due to MV Pazifik Ran Aground in the Sape Strait Using an Aerial Photography Approach and Species Distribution Modeling

Ofri Johan1, Idris2, Fakhrurrozi2, Mikael Prastowo Widodo2,*, Safran Yusri2 and Osten Sianipar3

1) Balai Riset Budidaya Ikan Hias, Pusat Penelitian Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumberdaya Manusia, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, Depok, 16436, Indonesia 2) Indonesian Coral Reef Foundation (TERANGI) Depok 16438, Indonesia 3) Direktorat Penyelesaian Sengketa Lingkungan Hidup Luar Pengadilan-Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan

*Corresponding author: Balai Riset Budidaya Ikan Hias, Pusat Penelitian Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumberdaya Manusia, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, Depok, 16436, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Indonesia as an archipelagic country has a high biodiversity of coral reefs, but is very vulnerable to various of threats, one of the causes of damage to coral reefs is by ship aground. The damage causes minor injuries to the degradation of the reef structure. The location of the grounding sometimes on the small islands with calm currents, but sometimes in straits with strong currents. However, assessment must be carried out, so it is necessary to develop an approach to assessing that. The purpose of this study is to assess the damage of coral reefs, to quantify the extent of damage and identify speciess of corals affected. The observation used ground truth (underwater photo transect), aerial photography, machine learning and species distribution modeling. The results obtained from aerial photography show that the MV Pazifik has damage of coral reefs reaching to 613.63 m2. Based on the coral genera distribution model, it was found 35-55 genera (control location), while at the ship aground, were found 3- 5 genera. Therefore, the control location is a coral reef ecosystem that is dominated by corals, while at the ship aground it can be the habitat for several hard coral genera.

Keywords: Ship aground; Genera distribution model.

C1-6

Transplantation of Acropora loripes using Spider Frame Module in Bali Waters

Muhammad Ali Subhan1,, Yunaldi Yahya2, Yayan Mardiansyah Assuyuti1 and Lily Surayya Eka Putri1,*

1) Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jl. Ir. H. Djuanda No.95, Ciputat, South Tangerang, 15412, Indonesia. 2) Yayasan Alam Indonesia Lestari, Jl. Tirta Nadi II/21, Denpasar, Bali 80227, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jl. Ir. H. Djuanda No.95, Ciputat, 15412, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract The condition of coral reefs in Bali waters recently is getting worst which should be put more concern in conservation of ornamental fish in the ecosystem. This study aims to conserve fish community by developing the spider frame module transplantation of Acropora loripes corals as an ornamental habitat for marine biota. The frame was located at two different depths, 6 and 10 meters with total 88 fragments of 22 modules and 2 fragments each module. Monitoring of the growth and the survival rate of corals was conducted 4 times per month, including the presence of fish. At the end of the study, the Acropora grew 0.59 cm at 6 m depths and 0.85 cm at 10 m depth. Thus, in one month observation, the growth rate was 0.14 and 0.21 cm/week, in each depth. The presence of the module was also impacted to the number of fish presented in both depths. There were 10 species of fish found at both depths with a total number of individual fish was 41 and 36 fish, respectively. The presence of reef fish showed positive results in coral survival rates, although in 10 m depths the condition of the reef fish community was unstable.

Keywords: Acropora; Bali waters; Corals; Transplantation.

C1-7

Distribution of Mangroves in the Segara Anakan Lagoon and Its Surrounding Area, Cilacap Regency, Indonesia

Ismail1,2,*, Sulistiono3, Sigid Hariyadi3 and Hawis Madduppa4

1) Program Study of Marine and Coastal Management, Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia 2) Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic of Sorong, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Sorong, 98411, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia 4) Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic of Sorong, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Sorong, 98411, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Mangrove forest habitats in the Segara Anakan Lagoon have become an important area for estuarine fisheries which should be preserved for sustainability. This study aim to analyze diversity, density, and the importance value index of the mangrove in the area. The method used was a plot and path (combination method). The results show the average mangrove density over all stations was dominated by seedlings with 39,881 individuals/ha with fraction 75%, followed by saplings with 12,311 individuals/ha (23%), and tree category with 711 individuals/ha (1%). Because of the average mangrove density of tree category less than 1000 trees/ha (based on Ministry of Forestry Act 201 year 2004), so, the mangrove forest in the Segara Anakan Lagoon and its surrounding area was categorized to be damaged. Meanwhile, the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was at 221 for R. apiculata and at 220 for Sonneratia caseolaris for all stations.

Keywords: Mangrove diversity; Importance value index; Segara Anakan Lagoon.

C1-8

Effect of burrows of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Class Actinopterygii Family Gobiidae) on Total Organic Matter in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Pandansari Brebes, Central Java

Allsay K A Cintra*, Tyani Fitrian, Selvia Oktaviyani, Riyana Subandi, and Rosmi N Pesilette

Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi-Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta 14430

*Corresponding author: Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi-Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta 14430 E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract B. pectinirostris constructs different shapes of burrows on the surface of the sediment because of different functions. This study was to determine the effect of burrows on total organic matter (TOM) on the sediment surface in the mangrove ecosystem in Pandansari Brebes, Central Java. Sampling was divided into mangrove areas and beach areas. The shape of the burrows was visually observed in a year. TOM was taken from inside and outside the burrow in June and September using a syringe and analyzed by the LOI method. B. pectinirostris has circular burrow openings at the same height as the ground surface. At the mouth of the burrow, there are traces of fish coming in and out. The diameter of the burrows is around 3- 4cm in the beach area and 2-9cm in the beach area. TOM in the mangrove area inside the burrow is 9.034±0.851% and outside is 8.470%±0.967% and in the beach area inside the burrow is 8.754%±0.476% and outside is 8.558%±0.924%. There is no difference in TOM inside and outside the burrow in the two areas (P>0.05). It is likely caused by the locomotion of fish and tidal stirring, so the burrows do not function as a TOM trap.

Keywords: B. pectinirostris; Burrow; TOM.

C1-9

Growth Pattern and The Reproduction Factor of Three Spot Gouramy Trichopodus trichopterus (Pallas, 1770) in Mangrove Waters of Muara Angke (Jakarta) and Ciperet Estuary (Cilacap), Indonesia)

Gema Wahyudewantoro1,*, Haryono1, Sulistiono2 and Rahmi Dina3

1) Research Center of Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Km 46. 16911. Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) Research Center of Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Km 46.16911. Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center of Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl Raya Jakarta- Bogor, Km 46. 16911. Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Mangrove ecosystem is a unique and interesting ecosystem inhabited by many species of fish, one of which is the swamp sepat fish (Trichopodus trichopterus). Therefore, research has been was conducted on the growth and reproduction of Sepat. The research locations are the mangrove waters of Muara Angke (Jakarta) compared to the collection of the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense from the Ciperet estuary, Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the Growth Pattern, Fulton’s Condition Factors, Sex Ratio and Gonadal Maturity Stage (GMS). The fish was collected at Muara Angke in January to March 2014, and Ciperet estuary in September to October 2012, and both at 4 research station. Fishing gear used in both locations is using cast nets (1 cm and 2 cm mesh) and gill nets (¾ inch, 1 inch, 1.5 inch and 2 inch nets). The total length and total wet weight were measured, subsequently, the sex and stage of gonad maturity were morphologically determined. The LWR of Sepat in Muara Angke were W = 0.00006L2.89 for male and W = 0.0003L2.62 for female, whereas, the LWR of male and female in Ciperet estuary were W = 0.0007L2.37 and W = 0.0006L2.44, respectively. Moreover, the growth pattern of the male in Muara Angke has been isometry, while the female has been negative allometry. As in Ciperet estuary, the growth pattern both of male and female have been negative allometric. The Fulton’s condition factors males and females in the Muara Angke were 3.7118 ± 0.7847 and 1.0014 ± 0.0551, respectively. On the other hand, in the Ciperet estuary, the value was 1.0011 ± 0.0485 for males and 1.0024 ± 0.0685 for females. The sex ratio for males and females in Muara Angke on the Chi square test with a confidence interval of 95% (α = 0.05) obtained significantly different results 1: 1.93, while in the Ciperet estuary 1: 1.69. In both areas, various maturity stages of gonad were found with different dominant maturity stage. In Muara Angke most of the fish was at higher gonadal maturity stages (III and IV) whereas in Ciperet estuary the lower GMS was found (I and II).

Keywords: Growth pattern; Condition factors; Gonadal maturity stage; Trichopodus trichopterus; Muara Angke; Ciperet estuary.

C1-10

The Estimation of the Coastal Fisheries Resources Quantity Based on Water Birds in the Ujung Pangkah Region, Gresik Regency, East Java

Mokhamad Asyief Khasan Budiman1,*, Fery Kurniawan2 and Zairion2

1) Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (CCMRS), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, West Java, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (CCMRS), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, West Java, Indonesia. Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Water birds are a group of birds that have a high dependence on natural and artificial aquatic habitats. Its existence indicates the availability of sufficient feed at that location. This is related to the factor of bird habitat preference which always makes feed as one of the basic things to fulfill their daily needs. The Ujung Pangkah area is an estuary habitat that is occupied by waterbirds, both resident and migratory birds. Therefore this area provides sufficient feed stock for the existing waterbirds. Most of the aquatic bird feed is aquatic animals which can be defined as fishery resources, both from benthos and nekton (fish) that live in aquatic ecosystems. This research is expected to provide a general description of the relationship between waterbirds and the quantity of fishery resources. The research was conducted in November 2019 in six location in the Ujung Pangkah Region, Gresik Regency, East Java. The results of the study found 44 species of water birds from 10 families. The density of the waterbird population was found in Kalianyar with a density of 3,878.98 ind.ha-1. In line with this, Kalianyar has become a high location for stocks of fishery resources. A total of 8,880,000 ind.ha-1 benthic and 29.30 ind.ha-1 nekton were found in this location.

Keywords: Fishery resources; Water birds; Coastal management; Ujung Pangkah.

C1-11

Opportunity for the Status Improvement of Mangrove Forest of Sungai Pakning, Riau as Essential Ecosystem Area in the Coastal of Sumatera Island

Yoppie Christian1, M. Asyief Khasan Budiman1, Wahyu Purwanto2 and Ario Damar1

1) Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (CCMRS) IPB University 2) Corporate Social Responsibility Program Pertamina RU II Sungai Pakning, Riau

*Corresponding author: Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (CCMRS) IPB University Email: [email protected]

Abstract Out of 50 established Essential Ecosystem Area up to early 2020, only 6 located on mangrove area. To support the government target’s achievement of ecological representative protection, at once to enhance the conservation of coastal environment and resources, what has been initiated by Pertamian RU II Sungai Pakning, communities of seven coastal villages on Bukit Batu district, and various actors to rehabilitate and conserve the environment need to be supported through the improvement status to be one of wet land type Essential Ecosystem Area (EEA). Apart from the its biological diversity and the carbon stock potentials, this 281,86 hectares area has been developed as an integrated costal management site because attempting to integrate the coastal disaster risk mitigation, protection on mangrove-based biodiversity, wise utilization of wetland through inland aquaculture, education-purpose tourism, the environmental-based communities institutionalization, and as a coastal resources-based alternative livelihood. The improvement status as Essential Ecosystem Area expectedly also improve the quality of coastal management and promote the wider collaborative management, and encourage the sustainable utilization by communities surround mangrove area.

Keywords: Essential Ecosystem Area; Mangrove; Integrated coastal management; Wet land; Sungai Pakning.

C1-12

Effectiveness and Impact Studies of Mangrove Rehabilitation in Northern Coast of West Java; Case Study in Karawang Regency

M. Arsyad Al Amin*, Dadan Mulyana, M Asyief Khasan B, and Kamsari

Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (CCMRS), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract Plenty of mangrove rehabilitation programs have been implemented on the Northern Coast of Java, including in Karawang Regency, both by the community and by the participation of private companies through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Over ten years, millions of mangrove stems has been planted. How the results and impacts on the ecology and socio- economy have not been widely evaluated. To find out the results and effectiveness of the mangrove rehabilitation program, an assessment and evaluation the results of the mangrove rehabilitation had been carried out. This study aims to determine the condition of the results of rehabilitation and its impact on ecology and socio eonomic surrounding the rehabilitation location. The assessment show that mangrove rehabilitation activities on the north coast of Karawang Regency have provided new evidence that planting mangroves for rehabilitation purposes can not only be seen as tree planting activities, but the impact and multiplier effects of its extraordinary benefits have not been paid much attention. Rehabilitation results have provided very significant results, seen from the increase in mangrove area, ecosystem quality as well as positive impacts on ecology and significant socio-economic impacts in primary impacts, secondary impacts or cumulative impacts. It is necessary to develop and utilize the results of rehabilitation through a good socio-economic and institutional development approach in order to achieve a higher positive impact on the community.

Keywords: Mangrove rehabilitation; Northern coast of Java; Impact of rehabilitation.

C1-13

Abundance and Distribution of Microplastics in Baturusa Watershed of Bangka Belitung Islands Province

Refa Riskiana1, *, Sigid Hariyadi2 and Hefni Effendi2,3

* Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Darmaga, Jl. Agatis, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia. Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Microplastics has been found in the most water bodies since 1970s, yet its presence and understanding about the existence on freshwater body, as well as control upon its abundance is still very limited. Whereas river became a very potential channel for microplastics to contaminate environment. Microplastics is term refer to plastic particles which diameter less than 5 mm. Microplastics could act as absorbent of chemical from the environment, and also carrier of additive chemical added during the process of plastic manufacturing to the organisms. It can potentially affect the organisms through aquatic food web. This study aims to figure out the abundance and distribution of microplastics in Baturusa watershed, was carried out in November 2019 to August 2020. Samples were collected using plankton net of 30 µm mesh size, from seven sites represent upstream, downstream, and tributaries, then analyzed using ocular microscope. The microplastics particles type found are sheets, films, fibers, and fragments. The average of microplastics abundance is 2209–5569 particles/m3, the highest abundance is found in Rangkui river estuary 5647 particles/m3, and the lowest abundance is in Selindung river. This reveals that the more public activities have more impact on abundance of microplastics in the waters.

Keywords: Microplastic; Baturusa Watershed; Bangka Belitung.

C1-14

Microplastic Spatial Distribution in Sediment of the Citanduy River, West Java

Zulhamsyah Imran1,*, Taryono1 and Anah Marliana2

1) Lecture in Aquatic Resources Management Department, Bogor Agriculture University 2) Student in Aquatic Resources Management Department, Bogor Agriculture University

*Correspondent Author: Departement of Aquatic Resources Management Department, Bogor Agriculture University Email: [email protected]

Abstract Microplastic particles have a significant impact on freshwater environments, as well as on biota association in its ecosystems. This study aims is to identify microplastic and determine the spatial distribution of sediments in the Citanduy River, West Java. The study was conducted in the period September 2019 to May 2020 using survey methods and laboratory analysis. The microplastic analysis stages of sediment include several steps, namely drying, volume reduction, filtering, density separation, and visual sorting. Microplastic was observed by census method on the SRC (Sedgewick Rafter-Counting Cell) that it was helped by a micrometer at a magnification of 10x10. Statistical analysis using MS. Excel 2007 and SPSS 15.0 software. Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney are use for the statistical tests and as well as using spatial analysis which was implemted ArcMap software. The highest microplastic abundance was in the downstream area, followed by the upstream; however, the lowest value was in the middle of the sediment of Citanduy River. Microplastic abundance in this river was ranged 18190- 70405 particles/kg of dry sediment. The determination of microplastic type found was fragments form. The dominant microplastic color was black. The microplastic size of films and fragments were determinanted by range 20-40 μm and the dominant fibers was about 500- 1000 μm. Spatially, the abundance of the microplastic average at the sub-station and sampling station was found to be the highest at 2nd sub station downstream area and 3rd station (downstream area).

Keywords: Citanduy River; Microplastic; Sediment.

C1-15

Management Strategy of Plastic Pollution in the Cimandiri River-Sukabumi, West Java

Taryono Kodiran* and Dwi Yuni Wulandari

Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Correspondent Author: Departement of Aquatic Resources Management Department, , Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Darmaga, Jl. Agatis, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Plastic water pollution is an emerging global and national issues. Global concerns include river water plastic pollution. Cimandiri watershed is the most important watershed within the Sukabumi municipality area which flows to the Palabuhan Ratu bay waters. Nowadays, the plastic pollution of the Cimadiri river water that ends in Palabuhan Ratu coastal area become sensitive and critical issues. Because it directly threat local coastal tourism as a major activity of the local economy. Every party is aware that plastic pollution is an effect of anthropogenic activities along the Cimandiri river stream that highly possible become greater and wider. Local government have taken some policy actions to attack these issues, but it is still not effective yet. This paper aims to conduct policy analisys for formulating required priority policy strategy to overcome the problems. The Analytical Network Process (ANP) will be applied as an expert choice method that involves local government policymakers. The analysis will identify some of the significant policy criteria and formulate the required government priority policy to manage the Cimandiri water river pollutions growth rate and its impacts. This result will be valuable as one of the policy refference to battle the water river plastic pollutions.

Keywords: ANP; Bay, Policy; Strategy; Watershed.

C1-16

Seasonal Variation of Marine Debris at Manado Bay (Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia, where the National Park of Bunaken is located)

Markus T. Lasut1,*, Lindon R. Pane1, Veibe Warouw2 and Jane M. Mamuaja2

1) The study program of Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia 2) The study program of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: The study program of Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Marine debris has become a global concern due to its impact on marine ecosystems. These materials generally come from land and are deposited to marine environment through different agents of carrier. Many efforts are being made to monitor the dynamics of the debris including their presence and their variability in relation to seasons. The latter are assumed from the facts that the presence of the litter is mainly affected by waves, speed and direction of ocean currents in the area of interests. In this study, variation of debris in wet and dry season at Manado Bay (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) was assessed by using a shoreline technique (assessment of shoreline segments). It is part of the monitoring program of marine debris in marine area of Bunaken National Park which is in the centre of the Coral Triangle area. Two locations are selected, Molas and Malalayang beach, and the selection was based on NOAA 2013’s 5 characteristics for site selection. The area of study is in northern and southern part of the Manado Bay. The samplings were conducted in August 2019 (represent dry season) and January 2020 (represent we season) using the 2017 Guidance of Indonesia Marine Debris Monitoring. Several parameters are examined during the samplings; they are: amount of material (per square meter), material category (type of litter), composition, and spatial density of each type of macro- (> 2.5 cm) and meso-sizes (5 mm – 2.5 cm). The comparisons within the seasons were also made using those parameters. The results showed that there were variations on composition and density, but the types of litter remain unchanged. Low biodegradable type of materials such as plastics was present equally in both seasons. Apparently, the amount of litter, composition of materials, and the density of the debris were higher during wet season than dry season. However, they were not significant different statistically. Our present study concluded that variation in the season do not affect the variability of marine debris in Manado Bay.

Keywords: Marine debris; Manado bay; Coral triangle; Marine pollution; Waste management.

C1-17

Public Perceptions in General and Student’s Perception toward Marine Litter in Southwest Aceh

Ika Kusumawati1,*, Mita Setyowati2, Agung Dharma Syakti3 and Achmad Fahrudin4

1) Marine Science Department, Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh, West Aceh Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia 2) Agrotechnology Department, Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh, West Aceh Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia 3) Marine Science and Fishery Faculty, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Indonesia 4) Marine Science and Fishery Faculty, Bogor Agricultural Institute, Bogor, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Marine Science Department, Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh, West Aceh Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Indonesia is the second highest contributor of marine litter as 1.29 million tons of plastics. One of the contributing factors on marine litter is the lack of understanding and the community behaviour which reflected to public practices in littering. Children are social capital for community and the essential agents of social change. Students are sensitive to every issue that viral around the world such as environmental problem like marine litter. It was shown that many social movements are run by young people. However, they have issues in recognising the foundation and the explanation of environmental problem. Therefore, the research objective is to evaluate societal perception and millennial generation towards marine litter. This study will employ a survey approach by distributing questionnaires to 150 respondents from general public and several senior high schools. It was found that respondents show low awareness on marine litter according to statistical data, but there are some rooms to manage in order to raise the level of awareness. It concludes that sense of responsibility could be enhanced by involving public in any activities for preventing and eradicating marine litter. Education aspect is also important to increase public understanding about the threats of marine litter on environment.

Keywords: Students; Perceptions; Marine Litter; Aceh.

A2-1

The High Abundance of Sardinella lemuru Catch in Prigi Waters and Their Implication to Plankton

Aida Sartimbul1,2,*, Egha Trishnayana1 , Erfan Rohadi3, Nurul Muslihah4, Feni Iranawati1,2, Ledyane Ika Harlyan1,2, Abu Bakar Sambah1,2, Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi1, and Muhammad Arif Rahman1,2

1) Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia 2) Marine Resource Exploration and Management Research Group, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia 3) Department of Information Technology, State Polytechnic of Malang, Jalan Sukarno-Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, East Java, Indonesia 4) Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Sardinella lemuru was the main source of livelihood for Bali Strait fishermen. However, at the end of 2019 these fish were caught very abundantly in Prigi waters. The cause of this abundance is remained unknown. The aims of this study are to analyze the abundance of plankton in relation to the abundance of S.lemuru in Prigi waters. A total of 100 samples of S.lemuru were taken using a purse seiner, while the aquatic plankton was collected using a 20µm plankton net with a vertical method at 5 sampling sites of S.lemuru fishing ground in Prigi waters. The S.lemuru samples were analyzed for morphology, morphometry, and meristic, as well as the contents of the stomach. Plankton samples collected form aquatic and S.lemuru gut were identified and their abundance analyzed. The results showed that total length (TL) of S.lemuru is about 16.47 ± 0.19 cm. The composition of plankton in waters is 52.8% and 47.2% of zooplankton and phytoplankton, respectively. Phytoplankton is dominated by Actinocyclus (14098 ind.m-3), while zooplankton dominated by Acartia (15.592 ind.m-3). Correlation coefficient between phytoplankton and the S.lemuru is r = 0.920 with a determination coefficient of 84.9%.

Keywords: Sardinella lemuru; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton; Stomach; Prigi Waters.

A2-2

Aquatic Environment Condition as a Base for Fisheries Development in Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay

Dehan Pramadhana1, Tri Prartono1 and Sulistiono2,*

Abstract The waters of Cengkok Beach are one of the coastal areas in Banten Bay which have a large potential for fishery resources. There are various activities around this area, in the form of agriculture, settlement, fishery cultivation and fishing ports. This study aims to explain the condition of the waters as the basis for fisheries development in the region. The method of implementation was carried out through water sampling with both in situ and ex situ observations at five stations from April to September 2019. Observations were made on the physical parameters of water (temperature, transparancy, turbidity, Total Suspended Solid- TSS), and water chemical parameters (pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen-DO). Based on observations of physical and chemical parameters, it is known that the waters have temperatures ranging from 28.0-35.3 °C; brightness 0.07-2.00 m; turbidity from 0.5-240 NTU; TSS 0.4-325 mg/l; salinity 0-34.0; pH 6.7-8.0; and DO 3.2-7.8 mg/l. From the observation of the condition of these waters, it can be seen that Cengkok coastal waters are physically-chemically quite good, however, it is also found that the temperature is quite high in these waters that have passed the threshold for fisheries development. The resulting pollution index value is in the light polluted category.

Keywords: Cengkok; Aquatic environment; Fisheries development.

A2-3

Proportion of Feasible to Catch of the Flying Fish (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) and Its Implications to Fisheries Management in Indonesia and Timor Leste

Beatrix M. Rehatta1, 3,*, MM Kamal2, M. Boer2, A. Fahrudin2 and Zairion2

1) Department of Coastal and Marine Resource Management, Graduate School, IPB University, Bogor Indonesia 2) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor Indonesia 3) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Artha Wacana Christian University, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Artha Wacana Christian University, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract A study of small pelagic fisheries has been conducted in the border areas of Indonesia and Timor Leste in Belu Regency and Bobonaro District. Observations were made on several species of small pelagic fish including flying fish (Hirundicthys oxycephalus). The aims of the study are to determine first fish caught size, first gonadal maturity size and proportion of juvenile and adult fish of flying fish in Ombai Strait. Monthly data collection conducted in May 2018 – June 2019 from fish landing sites in Belu Indonesia and Bobonaro Timor Leste. There were 2240 fish collected to measure the total length and gonadal maturity stage. Data analysis using an analytical model based on the program Electronic Length Frequency Analysis (ELEFAN). The results of the total length measurements showed that flying fish population in Ombai Strait had a maximum length (Lmax) of 314 mm, a minimum length (Lmin) of 140 mm and an average length (Lmean) of 197 mm. The total length of flying fish when the gonad is first mature (Lm) was 153 mm and the average total length of flying fish caught (Lc) was 154 mm. About 98.54% of the flying fish caught were > Lm in size and belong to the category of adult fish that should be feasible to catch. The proportion of flying fish not feasible to catch < Lm was 1.46%. These results indicate that the size of the mesh drift gillnet used to catch flying fish in Belu Indonesia and Bobonaro Timor Leste is good to ensure the sustainability of flying fish resources in Ombai Strait.

Keywords: Fisheries management; Flying fish; Feasible to catch; Ombai Strait.

A2-4

Characteristic of Neritic Tuna Fisheries in the Java Sea and Adjacent Waters

Thomas Hidayat1,*, Mennofatria Boer2, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal2, Zairion2 and Ali Suman3

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries; Jl. Raya Bogor KM 47 Nanggewer Mekar, Cibinong, Bogor-Indonesia. 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries; Jl. Raya Bogor KM 47 Nanggewer Mekar, Cibinong, Bogor-Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Jl. Raya Bogor KM 47 Nanggewer Mekar, Cibinong, Bogor-Indonesia. Email: [email protected]

Abstract Neritic tuna is an important fishery commodity in the Java Sea, information on its fisheries characteristics still limited. The study was conducted in 2018. Data was collected by researchers with the help of enumerators who monitoring and collected data from fishermen. The method used is direct observation at the study site and interviews with fishermen. This study aims to analyze information fishery characteristics neritic tuna about fluctuations in catch, CPUE, catch composition, fishing grounds, fishing season. The results show neritic tuna in Java Sea caught by purse seine, mini purse seine, drift gill net and encircling gill net. Annual catch of neritic tuna is still fluctuation. The CPUE of some fishing gears are fluctuated, the trend CPUE of mini purse seine and the drift gill net tends to decrease while the purse seine and the encircling gill net tends to decrease. Catch composition of purse seine and mini purse seine dominated by small pelagic seine while drift gill net and encircling gill net dominated by neritic tuna. Fishing ground around west of Karimun island, while purse seine fishing ground from west of Masalembu and around Matasiri island. Fishing seasons are in April to May and October to December.

Keywords: CPUE; Java Sea; Fishing season.

A2-5

The Colour Preference of Panulirus homarus

Dudi Lesmana*, Eddy Supriyono, M. Zairin Junior, Kukuh Nirmala and Dedi Jusadi

Departement of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Departement of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]

Abstract The background color of container can affect the intensity of light that is absorbed or reflected back. The presence of too intense light can stress some cultivated organisms and die. The stressed cultured organisms have a low appetite so that the remaining feed on the rearing media is increasing. Color preference observations included lobster preferences against red, black, blue, green, yellow and white container backgrounds. Color preference observations were carried out every half hour for 24 hours. Based on observations in the first half hour, there has been the most lobster movement towards the black container by 44%. But after that the lobster moved to another color of the container. The largest percentage of lobster movement towards the red container occurred at the 22nd hour of 46.67%, the yellow container occurred at the 9th hour of 5.00%, the white container occurs at the 10th hour of 12.67%, the blue container occurs at the 14,5th hour of 10.67% and the green container occurs at the 7th hour of 19.33%. In general, the three background colors that lobsters most like are red, black and blue.

Keyword: Color background; Movement; Preferences; Lobsters.

A2-6

Ecosystem Approach to Lobster Fisheries Management in Palabuhanratu Bay, Sukabumi, West Java

Katarina Hesty Rombe1,*, Luky Adrianto2 and Yusli Wardiatno2

1) Department of Marine Engineering , Bone Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic, Jl. Sungai Musi Km.9, Waetuo-Watampone, Bone-South Sulawesi, 92718, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Marine Engineering, Bone Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic, Jl. Sungai Musi Km.9, Waetuo-Watampone, Bone-South Sulawesi, 92718, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract This research was conducted in Pelabuhan Ratu Bay, March 2016. The purpose of this study is to assess the lobster fisheries in Pelabuhan Ratu Bay using an ecosystem approach. In this study, 4 domains were used, namely resources, habitat, social, and economy. Each domain has several indicators that will then be assessed using a criteria table. The next step is weighting each domain so that 3 index values will appear, namely ORI (objective risk index), SRI (species risk index), and FRI (fisheries risk index). The three index values are included in the risk diagram so that the risk of the type of lobster and lobster fishery understudy will be described. Red color represents a bad category, yellow represents the medium category and green represents a good category. Research shows that all studied lobsters (Panulirus homarus, Panulirus versicolor, Panulirus ornatus, Panulirus penicillatus, and Panulirus longipes) come in yellow and green zone. Palabuhanratu lobster fishery also comes in yellow zone. Some tactical decisions can improve the status of lobster in Palabuhanratu, such as limiting the fishing effort for Panulirus homarus and limiting fishing gear, also strengthening the institutional system.

Keywords: EAFM; Fisheries assessment; Lobster; Palabuhanratu.

A2-7

On the finding of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) in Georgia, South Caucasus

Tatia Kuljanishvili1,*, Giorgi Epitashvili2, Bella Japoshvili2, Jiří Patoka1 and Lukáš Kalous1

1) Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic. 2) Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili ave.3/4, 0165 Tbilisi, Georgia.

*Corresponding author: 1Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic. Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a fish from the family Cichlidae, native to Sub-Saharan Africa. Nile tilapia is the most cultured fish species worldwide and because of its commercial value and well-developed aquaculture technologies, it has been introduced to many countries. Nile tilapia also has become invasive in areas of suitable climate when escaped from aquaculture facilities to the wild. Georgia is the country in the Ponto-Caspian region situated on the southern slopes of the Great Caucasus eastwards from the Black Sea coast. Due to its very variable landscape, the climate of Georgia fluctuates from cold mountainous to humid subtropical type. Here we present the finding of Oreochromis niloticus in freshwaters of eastern Georgia for the first time, with the discussion of risk assessment in regards to the climate suitability for potential establishment.

Keywords: Non-native species; Climatch; Risk assessment.

A2-8

Redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus: Spatial Distribution and Dispersal Pattern in Java Island

Surya Gentha Akmal1,*, Agus Santoso2, Yonvitner3, Jiří Patoka1 and Ernik Yuliana4

1) Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague – Suchdol, Czech Republic 2) Department of Statistic, Faculty of Science and Technology, Indonesia Open University, Pondok Cabe, 154 37 Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 4) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Indonesia Open University, Pondok Cabe, 154 37 Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague – Suchdol, Czech Republic. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Introduced in Australia in the 1980s for aquaculture enterprises, the first production trials with Cherax quadricarinatus began around 1985 in southern Queensland. Redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus has invaded many water bodies, reproducing rapidly and threatening freshwater ecosystems. An understanding of the spatial behavior of Cherax quadricarinatus can be the basis for further research aimed at control and management. Field sampling was performed in Java Island in 2019 to 2020 resulting in enough data for modeling the spatial distribution of Cherax quadricarinatus. Environmental data is collected from a variety of source and including elevation, slope, land cover, and several water quality measures such as temperature and pH. The results of the analysis show different influence variables. The most important threat to this species appears to be rising temperatures. If the introduced species continue to spread, this could threaten the native population. It seems important to continue monitoring this species in Indonesia. Future investigations should be carried out to determine the relationship between the spatial distribution and dispersal pattern of crayfish to their interactions with ecosystems and native biota.

Keywords: Biogeography; Freshwater; Invasive species; Indonesia; Native species; Non-native species.

A2-9

Management Policy for Controling Invasive Species Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) in Lido Lake Water, Bogor Regency-West Java

Taryono Kodiran*, Ali Mashar and Satira Aryasa

Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Abstract Red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) is nationally and globally classified as an invasive species. One of the main distribution areas of this species is Lake Lido, Bogor regency as a result of private fish cage development. This invasive species is highly possible as either of competitor, predator, pathogen, or parasite carrier to the native species that harmful for the lake water ecosystem equilibrium. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of policy management to limit potential of its wider distribution. The research aims to analyze policy priorities in managing invasive species of C. quadricarinatus in Lido lake Bogor. The Analytical Network Process (ANP) was then utilized as the method for this research. Based on ANP analysis, the top-three-priority policy criteria for managing C. quadricarinatus are the presence of competitor inferior species, the economic value of resources and the community involvement. Overall, the most priority alternative policy for managing the red claw crayfish in Lido Lake is allowing the community to utilize it with tied monitoring and suppressing population growth. The rater agreement among the stakeholder of this alternative policy is high (0.61) that expressing similar expectation of the stakeholders.

Keywords: Competitor; Lido; Parasite; Predator; Pathogen.

A2-10

Application of Aquaponic Ebb -Tide System on Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Cyprinid (Cyprinus carpio) to Optimize Growth Performance

Imam Taufik, Lies Setijaningsih* and Dewi Puspaningsih

Research Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extention Jl. Sempur No. 1, Bogor 16154, West Java, Indonesia

*Correspending author: Research Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extention. Jl. Sempur No. 1, Bogor 16154, West Java, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract The purpose of this study was to optimize the growth performance of tilapia (Oreocromis niloticus) and cyprinid (Cyprinus carpio) through aquaponic ebb-tide system. This study used a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replications: (a) aquaponic with tilapia, (b) aquaponic with cyprinid, (c) tilapia without aquaponic and (d) cyprinid without aquaponic. Kangkong was used caused it have the highest inorganic nitrogen reduction effectiveness value in reducing ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. The range of initial fish weight were 4-5 g and length of 6-7 cm, with 1600 fish/concrete pond sized 4x2 m2. The research was conducted for 50 days at the Center for Production, Inspection and Certification of Fishery Products, Ciganjur Jakarta. The observation variables included fish biological performance, water physico-chemical parameters and Total N analysis on kangkong. The result showed that the highest average weight was found in treatment (a) 107.14±0.14g with daily growth rate of ,14±0,043 g. The survival rate between treatments (a) and (b) was not significantly different (P>0.05), respectively 88.70±0.60 and 83.08±0.55. Kangkong biomass of two harvests from 3 replications were 100.04kg (a) and 93.57kg (b). While the absorption percentage of Total N in kangkong were 35.63% for treatment (a) and 34.25% for treatment (b).

Keywords: Tilapia, Cyprinid, Aquaponic ebb-tide, Kangkong plants.

A2-11

Fish Community Structure in Sermo Reservoir, Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Initial Study on Invasive Fish Species

Astri Suryandari*, Dimas Angga Hedianto and Indriatmoko

Research Institute for Fish Resource Enhancement, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia, Jl. Cilalawi No. 1 Jatiluhur, Purwakarta, West Java, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Fish Resource Enhancement, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Invasive species are becoming issues in freshwater ecosystem throughout the world including Indonesia. Sermo reservoir is located in Yogyakarta, Centra Java, reservoir was indicated have invasive species which identified as Cichlidae family. The study aimed to assess fish communities’ structure and identified invasive fish in Sermo reservoir. The research was conducted in Sermo reservoir, Yogyakarta, Indonesia in March-October 2019. In total, about 2,089 individuals of 10 fish species belonging to 3 families and 8 genera were captured using experimental gill nets (mesh size 0.75; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3 inch) at five stations. The fish community in Sermo reservoir was dominated by Cichlid fish (98.29%). Red devil (Amphilophus labiatus) and midas cichlid (A. citrinellus) were the dominant species founded in Sermo Reservoir (60.34% and 34.21%, respectively). The other species of cichlid that caught consist of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), mozambique tilapia (O. mossambicus), and jaguar cichlid (Parachromis managuensis). Cichlid fishes were more abundant compared to native species (Cyprinidae). The study showed that Amphilophus spp. have high dispersal (one way ANOSIM revealed Amphilophus spp was not significantly different for spatio-temporal (p>0.05) and become invasive species in Sermo Reservoir.

Keywords: Amphilophus; Invasive; Midas cichlid; Red devil; Sermo Reservoir.

A2-12

Feeding Habit of Strombus Canarium in Tanjung Sebauk Bintan Island

Risandi Dwirama Putra, Rio Saputra, Ita Karlina, Aditya Hikmat Nugraha*, Fadliyah Idris, Mario Putra Suhana, Try Febrianto, Rika Anggraeni, Imam Pangestiansyah Putra and Chandra Joei Koenawan

Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University (UMRAH), Jl. Politeknik, Kampus UMRAH Senggarang, Tanjungpinang 29111

Abstract Several species of marine gastropod mollusk used by the community as economical food commodities, including the Strombus canarium found in the Tanjung Sebauk, Bintan Island. The S. canarium diet as a deposit feeder significantly affects the consumption of S. canarium food varieties. Until now, there was limited information related to the classification of food consumed by S. canarium. Environmental factors affect S. canarium habitat substantially by providing a food source that is absorbed and influences the growth of S. canarium. Resettlement and restaurant activities in coastal areas affect changes in environmental conditions and modify the habitat and food variations for S. canarium. The Swept Area Sampling (SAS) method is applied to sweep and collecting S. canarium with a bed-ground area of 1500 m2 in Tanjung Sebauk. The shell splitting and surgery completion of S. canarium was handled in the laboratory. S. canarium samples were immersed with 10% formalin to serve and protect the gastric sample and prevent from rupturing, including providing the possibility to observe the various food components from S. canarium. Each species of organism found in an S. canarium stomach sample was photographed and counted and measured three times. Photographs of the gastric sample obtained from observations in a microscope were analyzed and identified comprehensively to find the composition of foods varieties from the S. canarium. The varieties of food composition obtained were distinguished by class and group of biota and analyze using the Preponderance Index. The varieties of food composition in gastric samples from S. Canarium shown eight species with the majority composition from plankton groups (phytoplankton and zooplankton), and one species is the copepod class. The following species of biota found in the stomach S. canarium based on the Preponderance Index consists of Thalassionema sp. (42.59%) as primary food, followed by Nocticula sp. and Coscinodiscus sp. as additional food with a percentage of 37.45% and 12.35% respectively. In comparison, the variety complimentary food from S. canarium consists of Entomoneis sp. (2.47%), Cymbella sp. (1.23%), Cochlodinium sp. (1.23%), Calanus sp. (1.85%), and Boreadinium sp. (0.82%).

Keywords: Food; Composition; Diversity; Strombus canarium; Bintan Island.

A2-13

Water Quality in Ecosystem Sea Cucumber Acaudina sp in the Delta Wulan Waters, Central of Java, Indonesia

Widianingsih Widianingsih*, Ria Azizah T Nuraeni, Retno Hartati, Hadi Endrawati and Robertus T Mahendrajaya

Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro (UNDIP) Jl. Prof. Sudharto, SH Kampus UNDIP Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Gedung B Ruang 201, Department of Marine Science , Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro (UNDIP) Jl. Prof. Sudharto, SH Kampus UNDIP Tembalang, Semarang Email: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract Sea cucumber Acaudina sp is one of the benthic animals which has a very important role for the benthic ecosystem in a waters. One of its roles is to maintain sediment stabilityand is also known as a bioturbation animal. The research aims is to study the water quality in ecosystem sea cucumber Acaudina sp in the Delta Wulan Waters, Demak. The research was conducted for 3 months (June, July and August 2020). Based on the research result, the type of substrate in the Delta Wulan Waters is silt has a range 88.55–95.44%. The salinity has a range value is 28 to 35 ppt, the value of the water temperature is 28.6–29.9 ºC. The DO value has a range is 5.0–8.13 ppm, the pH value range is 6.05–7.56. Furthermore, the growth pattern of sea cucumber Acaudina sp in the Delta Wulan Waters during the observation is allometric negative.

Keywords: Acaudina sp; Water quality; Delta Wulan; Demak; Indonesia.

A2-14

The Distribution Pattern and Description of New Sipunculan Characteristics in Banda Naira

Ennis Wian Erliani1,*, Majariana Krisanti2 and Yusli wardiatno3

1) Student of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Jawa Barat- Indonesia

Abstract Sipunculans were collected in Banda Naira from October 2019 to February 2020. In this paper I describe the distribution pattern and characteristics of the Genus Sipunculus (Sipunculus sp.1, Sipunculus Kaferstein sp.1), Genus Thysanocardia (Thysanocardia sp.1, Thysanocardia sp.2, Thysanocardia sp.3) and Genus Siphonosoma (Siphonosoma sp.1). The research method used was purposive sampling. Two stations were selected as sample locations with squared plot size 60x60 cm, divided into 5 subs-plots and repeated 3 times. The specimens were dissected, observed and compared with available morphological literature. The result showed that the distribution pattern of sipuncula was irregular, the distribution of holes or dwellings at several stations shows a varying distance of 10-30 cm from dwelling to other dwellings around 3 meters. The morphological characteristics of the sipunculan are slightly different, so it is suspected that there are new species in Banda naira.

Keywords: Distribution pattern; New characteristics; Sipunculan.

A2-15

Community Structure of Intertidal Macrozoobenthos in Muddy Substrate, Lubuk Damar, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia

Ananingtyas S Darmarini1,*, Yusli Wardiatno2,3 Tri Prartono4 and Kadarwan Soewardi2

1) Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Teuku Umar University, Jl. Alue Peunyareng, Meulaboh 23681, West Aceh, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Raya Dramaga, Kampus IPB Dramaga, 16680 Bogor, West Java, Indonesia 3) Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia 4) Department of Marine Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Teuku Umar University, Jl. Alue Peunyareng, Meulaboh 23681, West Aceh, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Large intertidal areas with varying texture percentages can have an impact on the composition of the presence and abundance of macrozoobenthos. The purpose of this study was to determine the community structure of benthic animals on a sandy mud substrate at various distances. This study used the line transect method with variations in the distance A: 0-100 m, B: 101-200 m, C: 201-300 m, D: 301-400 m and E: 401-500, totaling 10 replications. In the research location, 11 phyla were found, namely Annelida, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Pogonophora, Sipuncula, Brachiopoda, Nemertina, Moluska, Arthropoda, Cnidaria and Echinodermata. Phylum Sipuncula dominates 92.9% compared to 10 other families. The macrozoobenthos density at each sampling distance and time varied. The highest density reaches 9354 ind.m-2 and the lowest is 857 ind.m-2. The diversity index ranged from 1.82 to 3.70, and the uniformity index was 0.27 to 0.82, respectively. The average dominance index shows no dominance in the research area. At each observed distance there were differences in the type and number of macrozoobenthos, this condition is thought to be caused by the different percentage of texture substrate at each sampling point.

Keywords: Benthic; Diversity; Invertebrate; Low tide; Mangrove ecosystem.

A2-16

The Using of Macrozoobenthos Community to Assess Current Condition of the Urban Lake-Situ Cikaret, West Java

Imroatushshoolikhah1,*, Jojok Sudarso1, Aiman Ibrahim1, Hania Ully Hafizha2, Laela Sari1 and Denalis Rohaningsih1

1) Research Center for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Jl. Jakarta- Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Indonesia 2) Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Jati, Indonesia, Jl. A.H Nasution, Cibiru, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Jl. Jakarta- Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Situ Cikaret is an urban lake which suffers from anthropogenic activities. The Macrozoobenthos community has used as bioindicator for water quality. However, finite information about macrozoobenthos in Situ Cikaret. The research aims to study the macrozoobenthos community and to evaluate the current condition of Situ Cikaret using this community. Samples were taken in March and April 2019 in five sites using Ekman Grab and identification was in the Research Center for Limnology LIPI. CAP-6 for ANOVA-Similarity (ANOSIM) is used to analyze the significant difference, whereas MVSP 3.22 for Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) to find the relation between macrozoobenthos and environment. Pollution degree was determined using the Family Biotic Index (FBI). Water quality including temperature, pH, Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), ORP, depth, clarity, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Suspended Solid (TSS) were measured. Ten groups have been found, Chironomidae, Coleoptera, Tubificidae, Naididae, Glossiphoniidae, Thiariidae, Ampullariidae, Planorbidae, and Corbiculidae. The dominant family was Tubificidae (9,525 individu/m2). ANOSIM shows no significant difference (p>0.05) between locations. CCA shows the abundance of Tubificidae, Chironomidae, Viviparidae, Ampullaridae, Planorbidae, Corbiculidae has tendency towards the temperature, pH, ORP, Turbidity, DO, TDS, Depth. FBI ranges between 7.01-10, it can be concluded that Situ Cikaret has severe organic pollution.

Keywords: Situ Cikaret; Urban Lake; Macrozoobenthos.

B2-1

Different of Aeration Rate on Hatching Rate, Abnormality, Yolk Sac Absorption, and Absolute Length of Newly Hatched Masheer Larvae, Tor soro

Iffi Rizkiya1,*, Eri Setiadi2, Etyn Yunita1, and Imam Taufik2

1) Faculty of Science and Technology, Islamic State University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia 2) Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Faculty of Science and Technology, Islamic State University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Masheer, Tor soro is a local freshwater fish species that has an economical value in Asia including Indonesia. The seed production of this species has been successfully produced in Indonesia. There are some problems in larvae rearing, especially, high of abnormality and unstable of survival rate. This is maybe caused by environmental factors such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH. The purpose of this experiment is to determine of aeration rate on hatching rate, abnormality, yolk sac absorption, and absolute length of larvae. The treatment is of this experiment is aeration rate i.e. A) 0 ml/minute; B) 500 ml/minute; C) 1000 ml/minute; D) 1500 ml/minute; E) 2000 ml/minute. The result shows that the aeration rate affects the abnormality, yolk sac absorption, and absolute length of newly hatched larvae (p<0.05). The abnormality at 0 ml/minute was the highest (23.23 ± 0.26%) and the lowest (2.84 ± 0.36%) at 500 ml/minute. The yolk sac absorption 0.1268 ± 0.0056 mm3/day at 1500 ml/minute was the highest compared to the others (p<0.05). The absolute length of newly hatched larvae at 1500 ml/minute (4.6435 ± 0.2518 mm) was the highest compared to the others (p<0.05). The dissolved oxygen value was increased by increasing the aeration rate. The optimal aeration rate for egg incubation is 1000 ml/minute should be applied in order to reduce the abnormality and optimize for larvae growth.

Keywords: Aeration rate; Hatching rate; Abnormality; Yolk sac absorption; Tor soro.

B2-2

Isolate of Nitrifying and Denitrifying Bacteria Activities Derived from Catfish, Pangasius sp Culture Pond

Yosmaniar*, Eri Setiadi, and Hessy Novita

Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria are very fruitful for controlling water quality in fish culture because they have a role in convert from toxic chemical compounds into non-toxic compounds. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the isolates of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria activities in terms of percentage of oxidize ammonia, accumulated of total nitrite and accumulated of total nitrate. Eight isolates bacteria i.e. four isolates for nitrifying bacteria (NP1, NP2, NP3, and NP4) and four of denitrifying bacteria (DP1, DP2, DP3, and DP4) were inoculated with the density of 102 cells each. The result showed that NP1, NP2, NP3, and NP4 isolates have an ability to oxidize ammonium were almost the same i.e. 99.57, 99.37, 99.89, and 99.83%, respectively. The NP1-NP4 isolates on total of nitrite accumulated were 0.06, 0.05, 0.06, and 0.06% a while total of nitrate accumulated were 1.56, 1.65, 2.08, and 1.65% respectively. The isolates of DP1, DP2, DP3, and DP4 have an ability on reducing of total nitrate were 99.9, 100.0, 99.9, and 99.9% respectively while the accumulated of total nitrite were 0.01, 0.04, 0.00, and 0.00%. The bacteria isolates can be recommended for controlling chemical compound in the water is NP2 and DP2 isolates.

Keywords: Isolate; Nitrifying; Denitrifying; Activity.

B2-3

Physico-chemical Characteristics of Rhizopus sp.-Fermented Fish Feed Pellets Containing Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Meal

C M Hariyono1,*, Yunianta1, Harijono1, C Sriherwanto2, I Suja’i2, A Nadaviana2, H Junaedi4, R Ma’hadah3 and Komarudin3,4

1) Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia 2) Biotech Center, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia 3) Nano Center Indonesia, Jl. Raya Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia 4) Nanobubble Karya Indonesia, Ltd., Jl. Raya Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract In fish aquaculture, feed cost contributes the highest share in the total production cost. The increase in fishmeal price and the high cost of commercial fish feeds have prompted the search for alternatives. Thus, considerable research has been carried out to develop farm-made feed that requires simpler methods and cheaper production costs. This study aimed at developing farm-made fish feed using simple equipments, locally available materials, and inexpensive fungal-based bio-floating technique. A combination of using black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal as a fish meal replacement and Rhizopus sp. fermentation to provide floatability was used. An experiment using three different Rhizopus sp. inoculum concentrations (1, 2, and 3% w/w) and 3 different fermentation duration (30, 40, and 50 h) was designed, with unfermented feed as control. Results showed that fermented floating feeds gained better nutritional value and physical characteristics (p<0.05). The optimised treatment resulted in a fermented feed with the protein content of 29.72%; fiber 12.13%; fat 26.57%; and ash 7.83%. Relative to the unfermented control, all of the fermentation treatments produced feeds with high floating ability and water stability.

Keywords: Aquaculture; Feed; Fermentation; Larvae; Rhizopus.

B2-4

Effect of Different Feed Restriction on Growth and Hematology of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp)

Adam Robisami1,*, Kartiawati Alipin1 and Bambang Gunadi2

1) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Matematics and Natural Sciences, Padjajaran University. Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21 Jatinangor, Sumedang West Java. 2) Research Institute for Fish Breeding. Jl Raya 2 Sukamandi Pantura Subang, West java

*Corresponding author: Departement of Biology, Faculty of Matematics and Natural Sciences, Padjajaran University. Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21 Jatinangor, Sumedang West Java. Email: [email protected]

Abstract In an effort to maximize aquaculture profits, fish farmers have adopted various feed management strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the eﬀects of feed restriction and refeeding after fasting on growth and hematology of juvenile red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). Fish were divided into five groups with four replications: continuous feeding for 28 days (F28), 7 days of starvation and 21 days of refeeding (S7F21), 14 days of starvation and 14 days of refeeding (S14F14), 21 days of starvation and 7 days of refeeding, and continuous starvation for 28 days (S28). Fish were sampled every 7 days for measures growth and hematology. The results of the growth measurements, condition factor and hepato-somatic index decreased significantly during starvation and recover significantly after re-feeding (P<0.05). Hematological parameters such as RBCs, WBCs, hematocrit, and hemoglobin increased significantly (P<0.05), but after re-feeding decreased significantly in consecutive times (P<0.05). As for the blood glucose levels decreased during fasting and gradually increased after re-feeding. This study has shown that starvation ﬁsh gained weight continuously during re-feeding, displaying compensatory growth and can improve fish health through significant increases in blood parameters. Fasting for up to 28 days did not cause fish mortality.

Keywords: Feeding regime; Growth; Hematology; Red tilapia.

B2-5

Reproductive and Larval Performance of Artificially Spawned Javaen Barb Puntius orphoides from Two Populations

A Iswantari1, W Cahyanti2,*, F P Putri2, D A Hedianto3, V A Prakoso2 and A H Kristanto2

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Agatis, IPB Campus Darmaga Bogor, West Java, Indonesia 16680 2) Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jl. Sempur No. 1, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia 16129 3) Research Institute for Fisheries Enhancement, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jl. Cilalawi No. 1 Jatiluhur, Purwakarta, West Java, Indonesia 41152

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jl. Sempur No. 1, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia 16129 Email: [email protected]

Abstract Indonesian freshwater are rich of fish biodiversity, one of them is javaen barb. In terms of domestication, it is important to ensure the fish breeding and larval rearing in ex-situ environment. Therefore, studies on artificial spawning are needed to strengthen the information about reproduction of javaen barb in ex-situ environment for domestication and aquaculture purposes. This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive and larval performance in artificially spawned javaen barb within two populations. Broodfish were obtained from West Java (Tasikmalaya and Cianjur population), kept on the fish nets (2 × 2 × 1 m) inside the large ponds for two months of adaptation. Broodfish were attached by RFID chips and periodically observed their size and gonad maturity level. Ripen broodfish were artificially spawned. Several reproductive parameters were observed during the experiment, such as egg diameter, fecundity, fertilization rate (FR), hatching rate (HR), and hatching time. Moreover, larval performance were also observed. The results showed that javaen barb successfully spawned with 11 hours of latentcy period. Javaen barb from Tasikmalaya population had a significantly higher fecundity than that of the Cianjur population. Meanwhile, other parameters observed in relation with reproductive and larval performance were not significantly different.

Keywords: Artificial spawned; Fecundity; Larval performance; Puntius orphoides; Reproductive.

B2-6

Effects of Nanobubble Aeration on Water Temperature and Oxygen Consumption of Penaeus vannamei Post Larvae 8

Lily Susanti1,*, Suyud Warno Utomo1, Noverita Dian Takarina2, David Febraldo1, Nurul Taufiqu Rochman3, Henry Kasman Hadi Saputra4, Dedi Cahyadi5,6, Hardi Junaedi5,7, Rizki Nugraha Saputra5,6 and Asri Ifani Rahmawati6

1) School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. 2) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Pondok Cina, Beji, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia. 3) Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, PUSPITEK, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia. 4) Department of Aquaculture, Vocational School, IPB University, Jl. Kumbang 14, Bogor, West Java, 16151, Indonesia 5) Nanobubble Karya Indonesia, Ltd., Jl. Raya Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia. 6) Nano Center Indonesia, Jl. Raya Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia. 7) Department of Agricultural Industry, IPB University, Jl. Raya Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Water temperature (t) and oxygen consumption are important indicators for Penaeus vannamei. The preferred P. vannamei shrimp farming is indicated by low water temperature and oxygen consumption and this can be achieved using nanobubble aeration. Here this study aims to assess the water temperature and oxygen consumption of P. vannamei Post Larvae 8 (PL8). In this experimental study, PL8 at a density of 200/liter were treated with nanobubble aeration (16 ppm) and compared with control (without nanobubble). The experiments were conducted with 5 replications. Principal Component Analysis was applied to calculate the significance level of treatments, The result shows the nanobubble effects (p < 0.005) on temperature in which t treatment (23.07 0C; 95%CI: 22.9 to 23.3) was lower than t control (27.17 0C; 95%CI: 27.1 to 27.2). The apparent effects were also observed in oxygen consumption (p < 0.005) in which the nanobubble can reduce the oxygen consumption up to 66%. To conclude the nanobubble has a positive effect on P. vannamei shrimp farming since nanobubble can make oxygen last longer in the water and reduce oxygen consumption as well.

Keywords: Consumption; Nanobubble; Oxygen; Shrimp; Temperature.

B2-7

Application of Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Method for Detection of Edwarsiella ictaluri on Patin (Pangasius sp.) fish

Hessy Novita, Uni Purwaningsih and Angela Mariana Lusiastuti

Research Institute of freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension

*Corresponding author: Research Institute of freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Edwarsilla ictaluri is a potential bacteria as pathogen causing Enteric Septicemia of catfish (ESC) and also still a big problem in catfish because it can cause death to 100%. This study aims to develop diagnosis DNA based on molecular using Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method (LAMP). Detection DNA of E. ictaluri bacteria from 9 isolates was extracted at Fish Health Laboratory, in depok. Used four pieces of specific primers from Eip 18 gene of Edwarsiella ictaluri. DNA amplification, for LAMP reactions without a thermocycler machine, using only an incubator / waterbath / oven, at 65oC for 1 hour. The result of detection with LAMP, showed that 8 isolate were positive of E. ictaluri marked by SYBR green I color change from orange to green. While 1 isolate was negative marked with SYBR Green remain orange. The LAMP results are also verified with PCR using outer primer F3 and B3 which showed positive E. ictaluri. LAMP can detect ESC disease with simple, quickly, easily, economical in 1 hour compared by PCR and LAMP method can be used as an alternative diagnostic test fish diseases, especially in areas with limited laboratory infrastructure.

Keywords: Edwarsiella ictalurid; Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method (LAMP); Patin; Eip 18 gene; SYBR Green.

B2-8

Optimization of Stocking Density of Milk Fish (Chanos chanos) in Polyculutre System with Seaweed (Gracilaria sp.) on Traditional Earthen Pond

Y R. Widyastuti*, Esetiadi and I Taufik

Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extention Jl. Sempur No.1 Bogor 16154 - Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract To determine the optimal stocking of milk fish in polyculture with seaweed in traditional earthen pond is the objective of this study. Increasing production of both commodities and environment viability are the goal. The study was carried out in March until June 2019 in Karawang, West Java. The milkfish stocking density is the treatment, A: 3 fish/ container (2,500 fish/ ha); B: 6 fish/ container (5,000 fish/ ha) and C: 9 fish/ container (7,500 fish/ ha). The weight of seaweed planted is the same in all treatments, which is 900 grams (1 ton of seaweed /ha). Waring as research container in measuring 3 x 3 meters was placed in the middle of the pond. The main variables analyzed were growth rate, absolute weight, daily growth rate, survival and final weight of milkfish. For seaweed, weight and length gain, absolute weight and daily growth rate. The observed water quality includes temperature, pH, DO, salinity and brightness. The results showed that the milkfish density of 3 fish/ container gave the highest (P<0.05) of absolute weight 25.43 (± 1.75) g, and survival rate 88.9 (± 1.27)%. ADG (P>0.05). The lowest weight of seaweed occurred in the treatment of 9 fish/ container which is 74.67 g. The results of this study recorded the optimal number of milk fish stocking is 3 fish/ container or 2,500 fish/ha. The higher stocking density of milkfish cannot accelerate the growth of seaweed.

Keywords: Milk fish; Optimal stocking; Polyculture; Seaweed.

100

B2-9

How to Make the Ally of Inland Fisheries and Inland Aquaculture: A Review

Irkhamiawan Ma’ruf1,2,*, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal3, Arif Satria4 and Sulistiono3

1) Aquaculture Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Jl. Jend. A. Yani 13 Ulu Plaju, Palembang, Indonesia. 2) The Study Program of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, Postgraduate School, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang Jl. Raya Padjajaran Bogor 16151. Kota Bogor. Indonesia. 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. 4) Department of Communication Science and Community Development, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: The Study Program of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, Postgraduate School, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang Jl. Raya Padjajaran Bogor 16151. Kota Bogor. Indonesia. Email: [email protected]

Abstract Inland fisheries are a significant sector to provide affordable nutritious and income for the community, especially in rural areas. Increased pressure on inland waters causes a decrease in resources, so that fish catches are declining, fish sizes are getting smaller, and some species are difficult to catch. Efforts to increase production from inland waters can be reached by inland aquaculture. Unlike aquaculture with controlled conditions, inland aquaculture is carried out by adapting to inland waters characteristics. This study aims to describe the characteristics of various types of inland waters, especially in OKI Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia and provide guidance in conducting inland aquaculture based on the characteristics of the waters. The description is performed by reviewing various journals and scientific publications which verified by expert judgment. Essential points in describing inland waters are water typology, fish resources, water quality and social characteristics of the community. From the input of inland waters characteristics based on these four critical points, guidance is given to carry out inland aquaculture in terms of selecting aquaculture methods, selecting fish species and stocking seed criteria as well as institutions in fish ownership issues.

Keywords: Culture-based fisheries; Inland aquaculture; Inland waters; OKI.

101

B2-10

Effect of Heterotrophic Bacteria on the Growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Cultivated in Brackish Water

Irwan Fffendi1,*, Feliatra F2, Tri Emrinelson1, Ismail Abdurrahman Siregar1 and Adelina adelina1

1) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences. University of Riau. Kampus Binawidya, Kecamatan Tampan. Pekanbaru. Indonesia. 2) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences. University of Riau. Kampus Binawidya, Kecamatan Tampan. Pekanbaru. Indonesia. Jl. Garuda 2 No. 2. Labuh Baru Timur, Kecamatan Payung Sekaki, Pekanbaru. Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences. University of Riau. Kampus Binawidya, Kecamatan Tampan. Pekanbaru. Indonesia. Jl. Garuda 2 No. 2. Labuh Baru Timur, Kecamatan Payung Sekaki, Pekanbaru. Indonesia Email: [email protected]

Abstract Tilapia is a commercial fish cultivated in both fresh water and seawater. Nowadays, the fishes are still attacked by pathogenic bacteria. Some probiotics have overcomed this problem. This study aimed to examine the effect of heterotrophic bacteria administration on survival rate, absolute weight growth, heterotrophic bacterial population growth of the fish and the water quality. The study used a factorial experimental design a x b, where a factor was method of administering heterotrophic bacteria and b factor was the species of isolate used. Factor a consists of introduction to fish via feed (a1) and via water test media (a2). Factor b consisted of b1 (diet without heterotrophic bacterial treatment), b2 (diet with heterotrophic bacterial isolate J), b3 (diet with heterotrophic bacterial isolate N), b4 (diet with heterotrophic bacterial combined isolates B, C, D, J (Vagococcus fluvialis), H, N; Bacillus cereus). The fishes were reared in a 60 l container. Administering via feed of heterotrophic bacteria showed no significant effect to survival rate of tilapia. While administering via water showed a signifance influence to the survival rate. Both administration method caused better absolute growth rate. However, administration of the bacteria did not affect the heterotrophic bacterial populations in the water.

Keywords: Brackish water; Heterotrophic bacteria; Probiotic.

102

B2-11

Increasing the Water Stability of Sinking Feed Using Edible Fungal Hyphae for Reducing Aquatic Feed Waste: A Laboratory Study

Catur Sriherwanto1,*, Rizky Hastuti Purwaningsih2, Etyn Yunita2 and Imam Suja’i1

1) Biotechnology Laboratory, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Building 630, Science and Technology Park (PUSPIPTEK), South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia 2) Biology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jl. Ir. H. Djuanda No. 95, South Tangerang 15412, Banten, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Biotechnology Laboratory, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Building 630, Science and Technology Park (PUSPIPTEK), South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Binding agents and an extruder machine are commonly used to produce aquafeeds with very good water stability, thus preventing feed from disintegration and being wasted. This technique is, however, complicated and costly. An alternative of using living microorganisms as a binding agent without a high-temperature extrusion technique has been studied. Thus, this research aimed at increasing the water stability of sinking aquafeed using tempeh mould’s hyphae as a binding agent through solid fermentation. Commercial sinking pellets were subjected to 3 different treatments: fermentation and drying, fermentation without drying, and drying without fermentation. Results showed that the unfermented feed disintegrated easily and sank in the water. In contrast, the fermented feeds, with or without drying, showed much better stability and floating ability in water. The combination of fermentation and drying produced the highest water stability of 73.59 ± 12.13% as well as the highest floatability of 86.67 ± 5.77% at the 120th minute. These values were higher than the undried fermented feed (36.90 ± 0.83 water stability and 74.0 ± 8.94% floatability). Thus, the fungal hyphae possessed the ability to bind the feed constituents, enhancing the water stability and floatability, which could be further improved by drying.

Keywords: Fermentation; Floatability; Hyphae; Feed; Stability.

103

B2-12

Sargassum-Based Potential Valuable Material in Indonesia – An Overview

Muhammad Safaat1,*, Silvester Tursiloadi1, Bayu Perisha2 and Firman Zulpikar2

1) Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia 2) Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara, 14430, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Nanoparticles have received much recent attention in areas such as chemistry, physics, materials science, life sciences and engineering. Many physical and chemical methods have disadvantages such as high costs, the use of chemicals that are harmful to the environment and health. The green nanoparticle synthesis approach, using plant extracts as a capping agent of nanoparticles, is the right solution to produce nanoparticles that are effective and environmentally friendly. Micro and macroalgae in the use of nanoparticle synthesis are increasingly being developed. However, the use of Sargassum in chemical applications has not been fully explained, and there are still some drawbacks that must be overcome. Sargassum spp. biomass has been recognized as a natural, renewable, and cost-effective material to become a capping agent for nanoparticles. This review is a summary highlighting the potential of metal-Sargassum composite based materials as an alternative to biological protective activities, such as antibacterials. Synthesis and characterization of materials, key factors influencing material performance, and distribution of Sargassum in Indonesia are considered by the Government of Indonesia and investors in seeing opportunities to use Sargassum as an advanced material.

Keywords: Characterization; Distribution; Green synthesis; Indonesia; Nanoparticle; Sargassum sp.

104

B2-13

Alteration of Inflammation Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Lymphocyte by Crude Extract of Taurine from Sea Slugs Paraonchidium via Down-Regulation of of NF-kB Pathway

Hafiludin1,2,*, Sri Andayani3, Hartati Kartikaningsih3, Muhamad Firdaus3 and Mojiono4

1) Fisheries and Marine Science Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran Malang 65149, East Java, Indonesia 2) Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Jl. Raya Telang, Kamal, Bangkalan 69162, East Java, Indonesia. 3) Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran Malang 65149, East Java, Indonesia 4) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Universitas of Trunojoyo Madura. Jl. Raya Telang, Kamal, Bangkalan 69162, East Java, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Jl. Raya Telang, Kamal, Bangkalan 69162, East Java, Indonesia. Tel.: +62-31- 3011146. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Free amino acid taurine is found in sea slugs. It has been used as a preventive agent for cardiovascular disease and anti-inflammatory disorders. Inflammation takes place in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as a specific inducer, which provokes activation of molecular signals controlling the development of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to investigate the effect of taurine extract from shell-less sea slugs on the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 expression in LPS-induced mice lymphocytes. The crude taurine was extracted using water solvent maceration of the sea slug's mucus. Splenocytes of the mice were cultured for five days in RPMI-1640 medium and analyzed by flow cytometry. As the result, crude taurine extracts substantially suppressed NF-kB expression in T cells, found in all concentrations. The best inhibitory effect was attributed to 500 µg/mL, significantly different compared with control (p<0.05). Additionally, the extract could inhibit the release of CD4+ IFN-γ+ pro-inflammatory cytokines at 500 µg/mL compared with control (p<0.05), while it improved expression of CD4+IL-10+ anti-inflammatory cytokines at 500 µg/mL compared with control (p<0.05). These results indicates that taurine crude extract isolated from sea slug Paraonchidium could be a promising marine source as anti-inflammatory agent.

Keywords: Taurine; Sea slug Paraonchidium; Anti-inflammatory; Lipopolysaccharide.

105

B2-14

Characterization, Antioxidant and Antibacterial activity of cultivated sea cucumbers from Bali, Indonesia

Diah Anggraini Wulandari*, Tutik Murniasih, Martha Sari, Gita Syahputra, Eris Septiana, Febriana Untari, Iskandar Azmy, Ardi Ardiansyah and Masteria Yunovilsa P

Research Centre for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Jl Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 16911

*Corresponding author: Research Centre for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Jl Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 16911 E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Sea cucumber is marine commodity widely distributed throughout Indonesian waters, Indonesia was the largest producer of dried sea cucumber exports reached 457 tons. About 40-80% smoked/dried sea cucumbers from Indonesia exported to Hongkong, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Malaysia and Australia. Nowdays, Indonesia has been able to cultivate sea cucumbers as one of the main commodities. This study aims to characterize seacucumber, and to determine the antioxidant, antibacterial activity of cultivated sea cucumbers. Sea cucumbers are cultivated in the pond for 12 months, with the weight 160.9 grams, and 15.3 cm at harvest. The sea cucumbers were characterized by measuring their proximate and heavy metals content. The samples were extracted using water at 60oC, 70oC, 80oC, and soxhletation with 70% ethanol as solvent. Furthermore, the antibacterial analysis was tested on three bacteria, namely Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus Subtilis, and Escherichia colli and antioxidants were analyzed using the ABTS method. The results showed that the sea cucumber protein content was 6.95%, fat content was 0.78%, and carbohydrate was 0.3%. Heavy metal content of cultivated sea cucumbers, including as 1.12 mg / kg, Pb 0.15 mg / kg, Ni, Hg, and Cd were not detected. Antibacterial test results showed that the fresh sea cucumber extracted using the soxhletation method was able to inhibit the growth of bacteria with an inhibition diameter of 8.95 mm in Staphylococus aureus bacteria and 8.45 in Bacillus subtilis bacteria. The highest antioxidant activity was found in samples of dried sea cucumbers extracted using the soxhletation method with % inhibition IC50 value 62.72 g/mL, fresh seacucumber soxhletation methode with IC50 value 267.92 g/mL, infusion with IC50 value 655.71 g/mL, water extract o o 60 C of fresh seacucumber with IC550 value 672.11g/mL, and water extract 60 C of dried sea cucumber with IC50 value 991.92 g/mL. Thus, the best sea cucumber extraction is using the soxhletation method.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Antibacteria; Caracterization; Extraction; Seacucmber; Soxhletation.

106

B2-15

Reproduction Performance of Female Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Through Dietary Administration of Medroxyprogesterone Acetat

Fajar Anggraeni1,*, Desak Made Malini2 and Imron3

1) Post Graduate Student of Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjajaran University. Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21 Jatinangor, Sumedang West Java. 2) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjajaran University. Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21 Jatinangor, Sumedang West Java. 3) Research Institute for Fish Breeding. Jl Raya 2 Sukamandi Pantura, Patokbeusi Subang, West java

*Corresponding author: email: Post Graduate Student of Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjajaran University. Email: [email protected]

Abstract Giant freshwater prawns are one type of the Macrobrachium genus that are profitable, resistance to disease and easy cultivation. One of the problems in giant freshwater prawn rearing is the presence of female prawns laying eggs during rearing. The inhibition of gonad maturation has been done in a hormonal manner, one of which is using medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The use of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in giant prawns given by injection has been suppress the gonad maturity index (IKG), gonad development, and increase the growth rate. But, giving MPA by injection can increase stress and mortality in giant prawns, application of MPA through feed it is expected to reduce mortality. The purpose of this study was to examine the through dietary administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate hormone on the reproductive performance of female giant freshwater prawns. Medroxyprogesterone acetate at concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/ml/kg feed was included in commercial artificial feed that were fed to the freshwater prawn for 30 days. Medroxyprogesterone acetate at concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 mg/ml/kg feed significantly inhibited maturation and increased growth of female giant freshwater prawn. This research is the first reported use of dietary administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate to Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

Keywords: Feed; Maturation; Medroxyprogesteron; Growth; Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

107

B2-16

A Study of Prediction and Factors of Mass Mortality in Mariculture using Machine Learning

Kojiro Inoue1,*, Reagan Septory2, Hatim Albasri3 and Masaaki Wada4

1) Graduate School of Systems Information Science, Future University Hakodate, 116-2 Kamedanakano, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 0418655, Japan, [email protected] 2) Research Institute for Mariculture and Fisheries Extension, Jl. Br. Gondol, Kec. Gerokgak, Kab. Buleleng, Kotak Pos 140, Singaraja, Bali 81101, Indonesia, [email protected] 3) Center for Fisheries Research, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Gedung BRSDMKP II, Jl. Pasir Putih II, Ancol Timur 14430, Jakarta utara, Indonesia, [email protected] 4) School of Systems Information Science, Future University Hakodate, 116-2 Kamedanakano, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 0418655, Japan, [email protected]

*Corresponding author: Graduate School of Systems Information Science, Future University Hakodate, 116-2 Kamedanakano, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 0418655, Japan E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract This study aimed to reduce fish loss in marine aquaculture (mariculture) in Indonesia. In Indonesia, mariculture is an important industry that is expected to grow in the future. However, production is unstable and mass mortality of fish often occurs because appropriate technology has yet to be established. To solve this problem, we have created mariculture big data comprised of fish farm information and marine environmental data, and examined machine learning models using Random Forest to predict the occurrence of mass mortality at a fish farm using the data. Results showed the average accuracy of the proposed models was 0.713. Subsequently, we simulated fish loss based on the prediction models and found that the number of fish lost was up to 62.2% lower than the actual loss. Thus, the models were effective in predicting the occurrence of mass mortality and reducing fish loss. Moreover, it was found that variables with higher importance for the prediction were fish mortality, ocean current of north-south direction and amount of trash fish feed. Therefore, it was suggested that renewing the seawater in a bay was important for farming fish health. In addition, trash fish feed had concerns about hygiene.

Keywords: Fish loss; Mariculture; Indonesia; Prediction.

108

C2-1

Bycatch in Glass Eel Fishery of Rivers and Estuaries of Sukabumi, West Java

Ronny Irawan Wahju1*, Selia Hermawati2, Agus Jaenudin2, Farid Rizal Fachri2, Mohammad Iqbal2, Endan Sutendi3, M. Mukhlis Kamal4 and Kenzo Kaifu5

1) Department of Resourcess Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) WWF Indonesia-Marine and Fisheries Program, Jl. Pemuda 1 no 2, Renon, Denpasar, Bali 80226 4) WWF Indonesia 5) Faculty of Law Chuo University, 742-1 Higashinakano, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0393 Japan

*Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Author)

Abstract By-catch percentage in capture fisheries indicates the efficacy of fishing gears used in glass eel fishery. The early life stage of anguillids encounters seasonally at rivers and estuaries of Sukabumi and is traditionally caught using sirib (hand lift net) and bubu (trap). The aim of this study was to analyze fish composition and community structure caught by the gears collected from five rivers and estuaries, i.e. Cimandiri, Cikaso, Ciletuh, Cibuni, and Cikarang. The research was conducted from July 2019 to January 2020 with monthly interval sampling. The catch was brought to laboratory, identified morphologically, and counted for each identified taxa. By percentage, non-glass eels were analyzed based on order, family, and species, whereas biodiversity and community structure was calculated by Shannon-Wiener (H’), Pielou Evennes (E), and Simpson dominated (d) indices. The results showed that the highest catch composition was found in Cikarang River compared to others. Total by-catch collected comprised of 61 taxa from 3 classes; 17 taxa belong to class malacostraca, 4 taxa of gastropodes, and 40 fish species of class Actinopterigii. By catch composition was higher collected by lift net compared by trap.

Keywords: Bycatch; Sukabumi; Juvenile; Fishing Gears.

109

C2-2

Socio-Economic Influence of Fishing Ground Development of Freshwater Eels (Anguilla spp.) in Cimandiri River

Marfian Dwidima Putra1,2,*, Hefni Effendi2,3, Mohamad Mukhlis Kamal3, and Taryono Kodiran3

1) Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, Multidiciplinary Program of Graduate School IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, Indonesia 2) Environmental Research Center (PPLH), IPB University, Jl. Lingkar Akademik Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Cimandiri River is highly potential for freshwater eel resources in Sukabumi Regency. High exploitation rate on this eel combined with anthropogenic impacts cause considerable threat to the sustainability of eel fisheries in the river. This study aims to analyze the socio-economic impact of the freshwater eel fisheries and its implementation in managing this fishery in Cimandiri River. Research data was based on indepth interview conducted in July 2020 and largely supported by secondary data for determine environmental quality. Data analysis was performed by means scoring and swot methods. The results demonstrated that environmental quality in the river remains in a good quality for the growth of eels. Freshwater eel fishing are based on several motives, including being the main catch of fishermen, supporting the economy of the community around the river, and hobby for fishermen in upstream. Stakeholders in Cimandiri river have a big influence on the sustainability of eel resources. In the development of freshwater eels fishing ground, the most influencing of eel resources are Marine and Fishery Office, eel collectors, and eel processing company. Programs that have been implemented by stakeholders are forming pokmakwas, restocking glass eel, cleaning the river, and socializing.

Keywords: Cimandiri River; Eel; Environmental; Stakeholders.

110

C2-3

Perception of Glass Eel Fishermen Affecting the Utilization in the River Estuary of Sukabumi District

Iftitah Rahmi1,*, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal2 and Yudi Setiawan3,4

1) Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, Multidiciplinary Program of Graduate School IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) Department of Forest Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Lingkar Akademik Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 4) Center for Environmental Research Center (PPLH), IPB University, Jl. Lingkar Akademik Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Abstract Sukabumi District is one of the areas that supply glass eel to fulfill the demand of ell cultivation companies in Indonesia. Fishermen cathes as many as possible of glass eel resources because of its highly economic value. So that the catching activity causes the level of glass eel utilization to reach overexploitation. The socio-economic characteristics of fishermen are a driving factor for fishermen knowledge in supporting the sustainability of eel resources in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the socio-economic characteristics of glass eel fishermen that affect the perceptions and behavior of fishermen in fishing activities. Data collection was carried out through indepth interviews, field observations, and literature studies with data analysis was carried out in a descriptive qualitative and quantitative method. The results showed that the respondents chose to keep catching the glass eel even though the selling price fell. At the Cikaso estuary, fishermen modify their traps, in addition to using sirib and anco, to adjust the conditions of the glass eels in the waters. At the Cimandiri estuary, the fishing gear used is only sirib and there is a POKMASWAS community that involves Cimandiri fishermen in coastal ecosystem conservation activities.

Keywords: Glass eel; Socio-economic; Fishermen perception; Eel resources sustainability.

111

C2-4

Resources Dynamics Impact to Fishers’ Resilience Rani Hafsaridewi1,*, Sulistiono2, Sonny Koeshendrajana1, Dewayany Sutrisno3 and Achmad Fahrudin2

1) Research Center of Marine and Fisheries Socio Economic, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Jalan Pasir Putih I Ancol Timur Pademangan, Jakarta Utara 14430, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University. 16680. Bogor, West Java, Indonesia 3) Geospatial Information Agency, Indonesian Institute of Science. 16911. Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Research Center of Marine and Fisheries Socio Economic, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Jalan Pasir Putih I Ancol Timur Pademangan, Jakarta Utara 14430, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Fishers residing in small islands are heavily dependent on the surrounding resources. The dynamics of these resources influence the fishers' level of resilience. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the fishers' reliance and resources available using a dynamic model. The method used is dynamic system analysis. The research was conducted between March-April 2018, in is Karimunjawa islands, Central Java, Indonesia. The findings show that fishers' resilience experienced a downward trend on a yearly basis. Based on simulation of the dynamic of resources on the Karimunjawa islands, the conditions forced fishers to adapt to ongoing changes. Efforts can be made to improve the fishers' resilience by increasing their productivity and fishing results, which can be achieved through by improving the fishers' capacity through training programs to improve their fishing skills.

Keywords: Small Islands; Systems dynamic model; Productivity; Resilience; adaptation.

112

C2-5

Enhanced Fisher Job Satisfaction and Loyalty for Sustainable Fisheries Development in Bengkulu, Indonesia

Irnad, Indra Cahyadinata* and Septri Widiono

Departement Of Agribusiness, Faculty Of Agriculture, University Of Bengkulu, Indonesia Jalan Wr. Supratman, Kandang Limun – Kota Bengkulu, 38122, Indonesia

Abstract The increasing of fisher job satisfaction and loyalty is essential factor in fisheries development in Bengkulu, Indonesia. High risk because of climate change badly need good fishing management and properly government intervention. The purpose of this paper is to determine the key factors of government policy of sustainable livelihood, on which government should focus. An Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) has been employed to the model the implementation factors of enhancing fisher job satisfaction and loyalty as an important prerequesite in sustainable development. The factors have been categorized under “enables” that could help to increase the implementation of job satisfaction and loyalty for sustainable development. Fisher awareness of climate change is a prime finding factor, in terms of their driving and dependent power in this study. For better implementation, government should focus on driving power enablers namely, leardership, social capital, strategic planning, central government support, capacity building, supporting technology and outonomy government intervention.

Keywords: Fisher; Satisfaction; Loyalty; Sustainable fisheries; Interpretive structural model.

113

C2-6

The First Record of the Nest Placement of Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus gigas) in Indonesia

Naila Khuril Aini1, Yusli Wardiatno2,*, Ali Mashar2 and Hawis Madduppa3

1) Graduate program in Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3) Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Abstract Previous studies have reported that extant horseshoe crabs, including Atlantic and Asian horseshoe crab, spawned on intertidal zone during high tide season. Limited information about spawning nest of horseshoe crab especially Tachypleus gigas in Indonesia has not been known yet. Morover, according to the IUCN the conservation status of T. gigas is still data deficient. During the field work we found the location that indicated as the spawning ground or nest placement of T. gigas. This is the first time when the spawning area of horseshoe crab found in Subang, Indonesia. There was three clutchs of eggs and the total number was 375- 534 eggs in varying depth (5-20 cm) bellow the sand. The second observation in the same location on January 16, 2020, found a pair of T. gigas laying their eggs and the number was 244 eggs in varying depth (5-15 cm). The characteristics of nest placement of T. gigas that found in Subang is located on an small island in the middle of the sea. The island is an uninhabited island that has mangrove area and sanddy substrate. Thus, based on what was found that island is indicated as the spawning ground of coastal horseshoe crab (T. gigas).

Keywords: Eggs; Horseshoe crab; Spawning site.

114

C2-7

Ecobiology of Horseshoe Crab in Brebes, Northern Coast of Java: Preliminary Study

Danu Wijaya*, Masayu Rahmia Anwar Putri, Astri Suryandari, and Amula Nurfiarini

Research Institute for Fish Resources Enhancement, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Cilalawi No.1, jatiluhur, Purwakarta 41152, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Fish Resources Enhancement, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Republic of Indonesia, Jl. Cilalawi No.1, jatiluhur, Purwakarta 41152, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Horseshoe crabs are known as living fossils and three species are found in Indonesia where all of them are being protected. The research aimed to assess ecology, species composition and biological aspects in Brebes estuary. The research was conducted on August and October 2017 in seven location. Samples were caught using local fishermen gears and experimental gears. Parameters of water quality were observed in-situ and substrate were analysed in laboratories. The horseshoe crabs that were caught were measured morphologically and their stomach and eggs were taken to be analysed in laboratories. Total horseshoe crabs were caught were 33 individuals (Tachypleus gigas=8; Carsinoscorpius rotundicauda = 25). Prosoma width of T. gigas were 16.3-22.6 cm and 216.1-717.0 gram of weight. Prosoma width of C. rotundicauda were 11.2 -14.5 cm and 96.0-275.5 gram of weight. Food habit of those horseshoe crabs species were macrophyte, mollusc, annelid, coral and detritus. Niche breadth of C. rotundicauda’s were wider than T. gigas. Niche overlap between T. gigas and C. rotundicauda were high that indicate high competition between those species in utilizing food sources. The fecundity of C. rotundicauda from this study was higher than T. gigas but egg diameter of C. rotundicauda smaller than T. gigas.

Keywords: Horseshoe crab; Ecology; Food habit; Nice breadth; Nice overlap; Egg.

115

C2-8

Distribution of Matuta purnama J. C. Y. Lai & Galil, 2007 (Brachyura: Matutidae) Outside Type Locality

Nisfa Hanim1, Yusli Wardiatno2,3, Dyah Perwitasari1, Ali Suman4 and Achmad Farajallah1,*

1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia 3) Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java,16680, Indonesia 4) Research Center of Fisheries Jakarta, Ministry of Marine and Fisheries Affair, Jalan Pasir Putih, Ancol Timur, North Jakarta, 14430, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Matuta (Moon Crab) belongs to superfamily Calappoidae which inhabit sandy beach area. There are four species of Matuta which can be found in Indonesia, one of them is Matuta purnama. The latest report, despite Indonesia has very long coastline, showed that the distribution area of this species is only in Batu Karas beach, Pangandaran Regency. Here, we reported new distribution area of M. purnama in Indonesia. We collected the organism samples using purposive sampling method in 21 sampling sites and we preserved it in 96% alcohol solution. We conducted identification process based on Lai and Galil, 2007. There was three new distribution area of M. purnama, which is Bengkulu (west coast of South Sumatra), Tanjung Pasir beach, Tangerang (north coast of Java), and Karanghawu beach, Pelabuhan Ratu (south coast of Java). In other sampling sites, we did not found M. purnama yet, but we found other Matuta species, M. victor and M. planipes. This situation might be influenced by many factors, such as season and sea current, etc. This study expected to be useful for conservation and management.

Keywords: Moon Crab; Dispersal; Indonesian Waters.

116

C2-9

Population Dynamic of Two Dorippid Crabs (Brachyura: Dorippidae) in East Lampung Waters, Indonesia

Zairion1,2, Shoimatul Ula1, Alysa N Utomo1*, Agus Alim Hakim1 and Yusli Wardiatno1,2,3

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia 2) Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (PKSPL), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), IPB Baranangsiang Jl. Raya Pajajaran, Bogor 16143, West Java, Indonesia 3) Environmental Research Center (PPLH), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract Dorippid crabs are crustacean with a habitat of sandy and muddy shallow waters. The crabs have a high abundance but discarded species from blue swimming crab fishing as a bycatch. Although not a species with economic value, dorippid crab is one of the ecosystem components in the fishing ground of blue swimming crab, so the population dynamics of dorippid crabs is important to study. This research purposed to analyze aspects of population dynamics of two dorippid crabs in coastal waters of East Lampung, Indonesia. The study was conducted from June to October 2017 with specimen collecting once a month in Labuhan Maringgai and Kuala Penet, East Lampung. Two species of dorippid crabs were found in the coastal waters of East Lampung. There are Dorippe quadridens and Dorippoides facchino with both growth patterns of isometric. The growth coefficient of male Dorippe quadridens is smaller than female, the opposite male greater than female for Dorippoides facchino. Recruitments of two dorippid crabs happened almost every month with two peaks of the year for Dorippe quadridens and one peak for Dorippoides facchino. The fishing mortality of two dorippid crab is lower than the natural mortality.

Keywords: Dorippe quadridens; Dorippoides facchino; Growth; Mortality; Recruitment.

117

C2-10

Ectoparasites in blue swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus) from Demak and East Lampung, Indonesian coastal waters

Anna Heirina1*, Majariana Krisanti2, Nurlisa A Butet2, Yusli Wardiatno2,4, Svenja Köpper6, Agus Alim Hakim2 and Sonja Kleinertz3,5*

1Graduate Student of the Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 3Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia, Jl. Agatis Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 4Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 5Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany 6 University of Prince Edward Island, Atlantic Veterinary College, Canada

*Corresponding author: E-mail address: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract In Indo-Pacific waters including Indonesia, P. pelagicus is of high economical value. Ectoparasites that infest P. pelagicus can have negative impacts to its host health. This study aims to identify and determine the infection pattern of ectoparasites that interact with P. pelagicus and to measure the ectoparasitic infecction patterns of these crab species such as prevalences, intensities, and abundances of these crab species. This research was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 at the Coast of East Lampung and Demak. Samples were taken randomly from fishermen's catch. A total of 93 crab samples were measured and examined in this present study. The crabs were stored into plastic bags at temperatures up to 4°C or stored in a microtube containing 96% alcohol as a preservative. Based on the morphological identification, seven ectoparasites namely Chelonibia patula, Dianajonesia tridens, Octolasmis angulata, O. lowei, O. warwickii, Ostrea puelchana and Thompsonia sp. were isolated and identified. The ectoparasite in Demak waters isolated with the highest prevalence value was O. angulata with 81% and an intensity value of 168. In the waters of East Lampung, the highest prevalence value of ectoparasites was found for C. patula with 88%. Both parasite species can have severe health related impacts to their crab host, such as increasing weight load, impaired swimming ability, restricted movement, leading to an enhanced vulnerability to predators for C. patula infestation. O. angulata is known to infect the gills and can inhibit the respiration process and therefore hampers the oxygen uptake of these crustacean hosts. In future this knowledge will support the sustainable use of this commercially important crab species and to better understand health impacts of ectoparasites to P. pelagicus in Indonesian waters.

Keywords: P. Pelagicus; Ektoparasite; Octolasmis spp.; Prevalence; Mean intensity.

118

C2-11

An Evaluation of Grouper (Serranidae) and Snapper (Lutjanidae) Fisheries Management Policy in Saleh Bay, Indonesia

Diding Sudira Efendi1,2,*, Luky Adrianto1,3, Yonvitner1,3 and Yusli Wardiatno1,3,4

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2) Directorate General of Capture Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF), Jl. Medan Merdeka Timur No. 16, Jakarta 10110, Indonesia 3) Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies (CCMRS), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, Jl. Raya Pajajaran No. 1, Bogor 16127, Indonesia 4) Environmental Research Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Lingkar Akademik, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

Abstract In the policy context, managing grouper and snapper fisheries resources for sustainability is a big challenge because of the complexity of small-scale fisheries in Saleh Bay. This study implemented three analytical methods: length-based analysis, ecosystem approach to fisheries assessment and multidimensional analysis to evaluate the performance of the implementation of the grouper and snapper fisheries management in Saleh Bay. The overall results showed that the implementation of governor regulation was still not optimal. The results showed after policy implementation, the mean length of species have been slightly larger. Two of the 11 species regulated had spawning potential ratio values below the limit reference point, which indicated that these species are currently fished at unsustainable levels (demonstrating overexploitation). Overall, the assessment of fishery risk index (FRI) indicated the risk status of this fisheries in the category of moderate risk (yellow zone), 1.237, in which two dimensions need to be improved: socio-economy and habitat. Therefore, this study highlighted leverage points to achieve ‘good’ performance level, such as socialization program intensively, enforcing regulation to provincial regulation, strengthening the surveillance capability and law enforcement of destructive fishing practices, empowerment of local institutions of the fishing community (by co-management), and rehabilitation of coral reef ecosystems.

Keywords: Ecosystem approach; Effectiveness of regulation; Performance; Tactical decision.

119

C2-12

Marine Tenure in Indonesia: Revisiting the Status and Implementation to Foster Sustainability in Fisheries

Terry Indrabudi*, Annisa Meutia Ratri, Dedi S Adhuri and Maulida Illiani

Research Center for Society and Culture – LIPI, Floor 6 Widya Graha Building Jl. Gatot Subroto No. 10 Jakarta Selatan, 12710, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Society and Culture – LIPI, Floor 6 Widya Graha Building Jl. Gatot Subroto No. 10 Jakarta Selatan, 12710, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Marine tenure right is a system that people, or social groups utilize the sea area as well as regulate the level of exploitation in the area to protect from over exploitation. This research aims to revisit the status and implementation of marine tenure in Indonesia, and its challenge to foster sustainability in fisheries. This study is conducted by using a desk study approach from the existing research carried out by Research Center for Society and Culture- LIPI and other local and international sources. Further, the study also used jurisdiction analysis on regulations and laws at both the central and local level in order to see whether marine tenure is supported by formal legal rules. This paper provides the analysis that conflict and customs shaped the marine tenure rights, for instance in Bindusi, East Biak. Marine tenure rights have contributed to foster sustainable fisheries, conservation, and well-being of the fishing community, especially for small-scale fisheries. It has a system to maintain sustainability of marine resources by establishing a restriction for fishing gear and time to fishing arrangement. This paper also found that the legality or status of marine tenure rights in Indonesia need more political will from the government, especially the local government.

Keywords: Marine tenure; Sustainability; Fisheries.

120

C2-13

Preparing Indonesia for 'the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 2021-2030': Stakeholder Mapping and Analysis

Puji Hastuti1 and Ali Yansyah Abdurrahim1,2,*

1) Research Center for Population, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Indonesia. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0213-0135 2) Study Program of Rural Sociology, Graduated Program, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Population, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Widya Graha LIPI, Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto No 10, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia. Email address: [email protected]

Abstract In December 2017, the United Nations General Assembly declared the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 2021-2030 (hereafter, 'the Decade'). The Decade Declaration is aimed at accelerating the resolution of various social-ecological issues facing the oceans collectively and holistically by involving multi-stakeholders: natural and social scientists, governments, NGOs, private parties, and local communities. Indonesia as a large maritime country must play an important role in this Decade, both as a provider and as a beneficiary. This paper aims to conduct stakeholder mapping and analysis related to the implementation of 'the Decade' in Indonesia. This exploratory study is conducted qualitatively, using a literature review, in three stages: i) identifying stakeholders; ii) differentiating between and categorizing stakeholders; and iii) investigating relationships between stakeholders. The results of the analysis are expected to be used to help various parties in Indonesia prepare to take part in the implementation of 'the Decade'.

Keywords: Ocean science; Social-ecological system; Collaboration; Stakeholder mapping; Stakeholder analysis.

121

C2-14

Compensation Claim and Its Dispute Resolution on the Coral Reef Ecosystem Damage Due to Vessel Grounded in the Waters Area of Tengah Island, Karimunjawa Subdistrict, Jepara Regency, Central Java Province

Yudi Wahyudin1, 2 and Mahipal3

1) Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, IPB University, Bogor – Indonesia 2) Faculty of Agriculture, Djuanda University, Bogor-Indonesia 3) Faculty of Law, Djuanda University, Bogor-Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, IPB University, Bogor – Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract The purpose of this research is to conduct a study of claims for damages to coral reef ecosystems due to the barges grounded in the waters of Central Island, Karimunjawa District, Jepara Regency, Central Java Province. The study was carried out in the nearest coastal area which was the affected area from 11-15 September 2017. The types of data and information taken were primary and secondary. Primary data was obtained through in-depth interview techniques with fishermen, visitors and related stakeholders with a questionnaire guide, while secondary data was obtained through document searches and references from various related agencies. Analysis of data and information was carried out using economic valuation techniques for coral reef ecosystem services, analysis of the cost of restoration (restoration) of coral ecosystems, analysis of direct fisheries impacts, analysis of costs of verification and resolution of environmental disputes. The results of the study show that the total value of the claim for damage to the coral reef ecosystem of this barge is 755.61 square meters with an economic value of damage of IDR. 9,908,273,680.11. The total damage claims amounted to IDR 4,218,524,480.11 for loss of coral reef ecosystem services; the cost of restoration of coral reef ecosystems of IDR 4,439,749,200.00; and the cost of verification and settlement of environmental disputes of IDR 350 million. The settlement of environmental disputes in this case was resolved outside court after going through several stages starting from joint field verification surveys, clarification hearings, and negotiation sessions to agreement on the value of the compensation claim as a result of negotiations agreed to be paid by the company to the state.

Keywords: Coral ecosystem services loss; Restoration cost; Verification and dispute resolution cost; Total compensation claim.

122

C2-15

Social Capital in Improving the Settlement Environment Quality in the Coastal City of Surabaya, Indonesia

Ardiyanto Maksmilianus Gai1,*, Agustina Nurul Hidayati1 and Jems Leo Wospakrik 1 and Anis Artiyani2

1) Urban and Regional Planning Department, National Institute of Technology (ITN) Malang, Jl.Sigura- gura No.2, Malang, East Java, Indonesia 2) Environmental Enngineering Department, National Institute of Technology (ITN) Malang, Jl.Sigura- gura No.2, Malang, East Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Urban and Regional Planning Department, National Institute of Technology (ITN) Malang, Jl.Sigura-gura No.2, Malang, East Java, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Growth and development in the coastal areas of the city do not only open up opportunities economically but also result in breakdown in social and environmental condition. This condition causes some communities in coastal areas to experience material and social deprivation resulting in individuals living below a decent standard. The development also affects changes in coastal area landscape on hydrology, seawater intrusion, city drainage, mangrove stripe, and biota in the coastal area are progressing fast, including coastal reclamation efforts which affect the quality of surrounding settlements. Social capital is a contributor to the power of society which can accumulate when people interact with each other in the family, workplace, environment, local associations, interest groups, and government. Besides, social capital is one important element in people's lives which potentially supports people's strength in taking action in their environment. This study aims to formulate the social capital concept in improving the quality of the residential environment in the coastal city of Surabaya using weighting analysis techniques, quantitative descriptive, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the community’s social capital condition and social network condition play important roles in improving the settlement environmental quality.

Keywords: Coastal areas; Community social capital; Settlement environment quality.

123

P1-1

Coastal Resources Degradation in Tangerang, Banten Province: State and Management Action

Dadan Mulyana1, Ageng Dwi Prismayanti*1, M Arsyad Al Amin1,3, Fery Kurniawan1,2, Ario Damar1,2, M Asyief Khasan Budiman1, Bambang Gunawan1 and SM Hari Mahardika3

Abstract Coastal degradation can be determined as mangrove destruction and water quality degradation. Abrasion and accretion are the impacts of mangrove destruction in coastal areas. Ecosystem condition and coastal environment destruction were analyzed in Tangerang coastal areas. Soil, vegetation, and water quality were analyzed. Soil quality was analyzed descriptively. Vegetation and water quality were analyzed with Important Value Index and STORET Index, respectively. The results indicated that the coastal of Tangerang is damaged both in terms of mangrove and water quality. Causal analysis showed that the damage of coastal environment in Tangerang is largely influenced by the high amount of plastic, domestic, and industrial waste. Management recommendations that can be carried out on the coast of Tangerang are silvofishery management and mangrove planting right behind the wave breaker.

Keywords: Coastal ecosystem; Degradation; Mangrove.

124

P1-2

Secondary Production of Sesarma sp. in the Coastal Ecosystem of Ponelo Island, North Gorontalo

Majariana Krisanti, Tutut Sugiarti, Ali Mashar* and Agus Alim Hakim

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract Sesarma sp. is categorized as a small crustacean from Family Sesarmidae with a size range of 12-23.7 mm. The study aimed to estimate the secondary productivity produced by Sesarma sp. in the coastal ecosystem of the Ponelo Island, North Gorontalo. The research was conducted from August to October 2019. Specimens were collected in 4 locations, i.e. anthropogenic area, coral reef ecosystems, seagrasses, and mangroves. All specimens were observed in the Laboratory of Micro Biology 1, Department of Aquatic Resource Management, IPB University. Data were analyzed include length-frequency distribution, length-weight relationship, and estimation of secondary productivity. The length-frequency distribution of Sesarma sp. has ranged from 2.1 to 8.7 mm with a growth pattern of isometric both male and female. The coral reef ecosystem has the highest secondary production because this ecosystem has a habitat to support the Sesarmidae family. The seagrass ecosystem has the lowest secondary productivity due to natural factors with an effect on the ecosystem.

Keywords: Secondary productivity; Sesarma; Small crustacea.

125

P1-3

Diversity of Phytoplankton in Batang Toru River and its arround, North Sumatera

Aris Asriansyah, Dudi M. Wildan*, Niken TM Pratiwi and Sulistiono

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor. 16680. Indonesia

Abstract Batang Toru River (South Tapanulis, North Sumatra) is one of the waters that is quite widely used for various purposes, family need, including fisheries and tourism. This study was conducted for 3 months (April, July, and October 2019) in the waters of the Batang Toru River, at 13-15 observation stations distributed from the area near the upstream of the river to near the estuary. Analysis of the data used in this study was the Analysis of Abundance and Composition of phytoplankton Types, Diversity Index (H '), Evenness Index (E), and Dominance Index (C). Based on the study results, phytoplankton in these waters consisted of five classes of phytoplankton, namely Bacillariophyceae (26 genera), Chlorophyceae (15 genera), Cyanophyceae (7 genera), Dinophyceae (1 genus), and Eiglenophyceae (2 genera). Diversity, Evenness and Dominance Indices are around 0.113-2.096, 0.503-1.00 and 0.132-0.802, respectively. Phytoplankton diversity in the Batang Toru River is classified as moderate ecological pressure.

Keywords: Community structure; Phytoplankton; Batang Toru; South Tapanuli.

126

P1-4

Study on Aquatic Ecobiology of Batang Toru River and its Arround, North Sumatera: Macrozoobenthic Diversity

Dudi M Wildan1,*, Sulistiono1, Charles PH Simanjuntak1, MF Rahardjo1, Totok Hestiranoto2, Dadang Shafrudin3, Thomas Nugroho4 and Agus Joko Ismanto5

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor. 16680. Indonesia 2) Department Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor. 16680. Indonesia. 3) Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor. 16680. Indonesia 4) Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor. 16680 5) Department of Environment, PT North Sumatera Hydro Energy, Jl. Darmawangsa VII No 2, Jakarta, 12160, Indonesia

Abstract Batang Toru River is one of the sizable rivers in North Sumatra, encompassing to south and west dan empty to the Indian Ocean. The macrozoobenthos community structure study activity was carried out for 3 months in April, July and October 2019 at 13-17 station spread from the river area near the upstream to the area near the estuary. Data analysis was performed on density, diversity index, evenness, and dominance indices. Based on the results of the study, 21 genus of macrozoobenthos was identified consisting of 9 classes, namely Class Bivalvia (2 genera), Diptera (3 genera), Gastropoda (4 genera), Ephemeroptera (1 genus), Odonata (1 genus), Oligochaeta (6 genus), Plecoptera (1 genus), Tricoptera (2 genera), and zygoptera (1 genus). Thiara sp. and Balanocochlis sp. were quite commonly found in the study stations. Based on the calculation, it was found that the density of the macrozoobenthos varied between 11-957 ind/m2. The value of the diversity index at each station varied from 0.722 to 2.419, the evenness index was 0.411- 1.000 and the dominance index was 0.210 to 1.000. Based on these values, the condition of the Batang Toru River ecosystem expressed a moderate ecological pressure.

Keywords: Community; Batang Toru River; Macrozoobenthos.

127

P1-5

Polyculture Seaweed Gracilaria sp. and Milkfish in the Pond

Erfan Andi Hendrajat

Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension. Jl. Makmur Dg. Sitakka No. 129 Maros, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension Jl. Makmur Dg. Sitakka No. 129 Maros, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Polyculture is a mixed cultivation technology between two or more commodities that can increase aquaculture production and provide value added cultivators as it can harvest several products in one season. Polyculture seaweed Gracilaria sp and milkfish are done at Marana Experimental Pond Installation, Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros South Sulawesi with extensive technology system, using 1 plot of pond size 10.000 m2. Preparation of the pond begins with the repair of dikes, patching leaks and repair of sluices. Next is draining ponds, eradicating pest with 20 ppm saponin, pond flushing, subsequent fertilizing and preparation of water for dispersal. Initial fertilization is done by using Urea and TSP fertilizers with doses of 100 and 50 kg/ha. Seaweed seed stocking in ponds as much as 2,000 kg/ha was done in March using broadcast method, ie seed stocked in all parts of ponds. The milkfish seeds are also stocked with a dense stocking of 1,000 tails/ha. The first harvest of seaweed can be done after the maintenance period of 3.5 months. The next harvest can be done every 30- 45 days. Total production of dried seaweed reached 8,284 kg/ha (5 times harvest/year) and milkfish harvest reached 375 kg/ha.

Keywords: Polyculture; Gracilaria sp; Milkfish; Pond; Production.

128

P1-6

Spatial Variation of the Phytoplankton and some Physico Chemical Variables in Lake Tempe, South Sulawesi

Fachmijany Sulawesty* and Yustiawati

Research Center for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Komp. LIPI Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Komp. LIPI Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Lake Tempe is one of the floodplain lakes in Indonesia that has a unique phytoplankton characteristic. This study aims to describe the abundance of phytoplankton and their relationship to Physico-chemical parameters in Lake Tempe. Observations were conducted in March 2017 in five zones of the lake (four zones are non-permanent areas and one zone is permanent area). The observed parameters were phytoplankton abundance and water quality. The phytoplankton community structure was analysed by the Diversity Index, Evenness Index, and Dominance Index. A total of five phyla and 76 species of phytoplankton were found in Lake Tempe, comprised of Chlorophyta (40 species), Bacillariophyta (21 species), Cyanophyta (8 species), Euglenophyta (5 species), dan Dinophyta (2 species). The phytoplankton abundance and the taxa richness in non-permanent areas is relatively high compared to permanent areas. Moderate to the high community (1.553 – 4.333) and low uniformity (0.096 – 0.363) among species in the phytoplankton community was found in Lake Tempe. The dominant species was not found, as seen from the low dominant index value (0.068 – 0.518). Turbidity and TSS values are relatively high in permanent areas compared to non-permanent areas, this is thought to cause lower abundance in permanent areas than non-permanent areas.

Keywords: Abundance; Taxa richness; Water quality; Phytoplankton; Indonesia.

129

P1-7

Analysis of Water Pollution in Kaliotik River, Lamongan-West Java

Fuquh Rahmat Shaleh*, Endah Sih Prihatini and Faisol Masud

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries, UNISLA University (Lamongan Islamic University), Jl. Veteran No. 53A, Kampus UNISLA, Lamongan 62211, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries, UNISLA University (Lamongan Islamic University), Jl. Veteran No. 53A, Kampus UNISLA, Lamongan 62211, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Kaliotik River is the one of important rivers in Lamongan District. It is the middle of the center of the city and crosses the settlements of residents, markets and restaurants by the river. The river is a source of water in agricultural activities, fish cultivation and vanamei shrimp around the watershed. This study uses a quantative descriptive method with purposive sampling sampling. Sampling was conducted as many as 7 stations, conducted in March-September 2020. Data taken in this study include physics parameters (temperature, total suspended solid /TSS) and chemical parameters (BOD, DO, pH, phosphate, ammoniak, oil and fat). Determination of Kaliotik River water pollution status using STORET method (KEPMEN No.115/MENLH/2003), by comparing water quality data with standard water quality criteria according to its provisions / based on its Class (PP No. 82 of 2001 on Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control). Based on the results of the study shows that the water quality of Kaliotik River is below the standard limit of water quality. Kaliotik river based on STORET method belongs to the category of heavily polluted.

Keywords: Kaliotik River; Lamongan; Pollution; STORET method.

130

P1-8

Spatial Assessment of Seagrass Ecosystem Using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Teluk Awur, Coastal Water of Jepara

Ita Riniatsih*, Sri Redjeki, Retno Hartati, Ria Azizzah TN and Robertus Triaji MJ

Departement of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Kampus UNDIP, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Gedung B Ruang 201 Departement of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries ang Marine Science, Diponegoro University (UNDIP), Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH., Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Seagrass ecosystem are highly sensitive to environmental changes. They are also in global decline and under threat from global climate change and a variety of anthropogenic factors. There is now, a spatial assessment method for the monitoring of the seagrass beds is needed, so that changes in seagrass condition can be understood. Typical monitoring approaches have included remote sensing from satellites and unmanned aerial vehicle platform, and ground base ecological survey. The techniques can suffer from temporal and spatial inconsistency, or are very localised making it hard to assess seagrass meadows in a structurer maners. The aim of research was present the technique using a lightweight drone and consumer grade cameras to produce very high spatial resolution mosaics of intertidal site in Teluk Awur, Jepara water, Indonesia. The data collection methodologies followed by digitation methode techniques to produce coverage estimates, with ground check at location, with data drone analysis. This result show that digitation method, can show between the observed and classified low coverage seagrass 4.56-18.03% (<25%), to middle coverage seagrass 26.34-38.74% (between 25< and <50%), also can detect other biotic features, like massive coral, macroalgae also the flat sand and coral rubble.

Keywords: Spatial assessment; Seagrass; Jepara.

131

P1-9

Ecotourism Management in Wana Wisata Curug Nangka Bogor Regency Based on Visitors and Natural Resources

Muhammad Ihsan Rifqi* and Fredinan Yulianda

Departement of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University. Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Departement of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University. Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Wana Wisata Curug Nangka is an ecotourism areas therein is aquatic ecosystem that has an important role in supporting the economy and maintaining the preservation of environmental functions. This study aims to identify the potential of ecotourism and analyze the carrying capacity of ecotourism in Curug Nangka for sustainable development. Data collection was carried out in February until August 2019 in Curug Nangka waterfall. Data analysis included tourism suitability index, ecotourism carrying capacity analysis, and SWOT analysis. The carrying capacity of the Curug Nangka tourism area is 282 people per day, which consists of water playing, relaxing sitting and enjoying the view. There are two management strategies that are prioritized, namely the W-O strategy to increase proper target promotion and develop necessary facilities, the S-O strategy to establish waste management program, regulation and strengthening the functions of the management.

Keywords: Ecotourism; Resources; Wana Wisata Curug Nangka; Waterfalls.

132

P1-10

Artificial Intelligent for Investment Assessment in Coastal and Small Island Area, Based on Disaster Risk

Yonvitner1,4, Samsul Bahri Agus2,4, Perdinan3,4, Rifki Aldi Rahmadani4 and Bhirawa Ananditya Wicaksana4

1) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science- IPB University 2) Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science- IPB University 3) Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science- IPB University. 4) Centre for Disaster Studies (CERDAS) LPPM IPB

Abstract Coastal areas and small islands in Indonesia have reliable investment feasibility potential. The location of small islands that must be developed must assess the ecosystem's carrying capacity, the environment, including disaster risk. Research on investment feasibility based on disaster risk is necessary to support small islands' investment plans and development. This area is known as a vulnerable and potentially high risk from natural or human-made disasters. The research conducted in the Kepulauan Seribu will adopt digital technology to assess the eligibility criteria as the start of an investment step. The intervention of digital technology on investment feasibility assessment in line with the digital era in the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The outputs of the research are (1) investment feasibility indicators in coastal areas and small islands based on disaster risk; (2) Strengthening systems and institutions related to investment feasibility assessment in coastal areas and small islands; (3) The prototype of smart system technology for assessing investment feasibility in coastal areas and small islands based on disaster risk as part of the adaptation of revolution 4.0 to support the policy of integrated electronic business licensing services.

Keywords: Artificial intelligent; Coastal and Small island; Investment; Risk and disaster; Kepualuan Seribu.

133

P1-11

Estuarine Fish Structure Community in Banten Bay, Indonesia

Sugiarti1,*, Syahroma Husni Nasution1, Sigid Hariyadi2 and Sulistiono2

1) Research Center for Limnology Indonesian Institute of Sciences (RC for Limnology LIPI), Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Limnology Indonesian Institute of Sciences (RC for limnology LIPI), Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Fish community structure in aquatic environment include estuarine often affected by water quality and condition surrounding the aquatic area. Banten Bay closed with several activities could affect water quality and its biota. This research is aims to revealed fish community structure in four estuarine in Banten Bay. Fish, water and plankton were sampled in May, July and October 2013 in the estuarines i.e Wadas, Cibanten, Cengkok and Pamong in the Banten Bay. Fishes were collected using fishing gears which commonly used by fisherman in each sampling station and identified. The four types of fishing gears were beach seine (Wadas), lift net (Cibanten), beach seine (Cengkok) and mullets gill-net (Pamong). Several water quality are measured and analyzed using Pollution Index methods. Trophic status was analyzed using TRIX methods. Plankton were sampled in surface water then identified and quantified. Fishes collected were twelve species in Wadas, fourteen species in Cibanten, nine species in Cengkok and one species in Pamong during the study. Diversity Index is medium in Wadas, Cibanten and Cengkok estuarine while it was low in Pamong estuarine. Water quality that slightly polluted with the richness of nutrient and plankton supported the abundance of fishes in four estuarines of Banten Bay.

Keywords: Fish community; Aquatic ecology; Banten Bay.

134

P1-12

A Note on the Investigation of Morphometric Differentiation among Mantis Shrimp (Stomatopoda) In South Madura Waters, Indonesia

Zairion1,2, Vinna Pardhini1, Agus Alim Hakim1 and Yusli Wardiatno1,2,3

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Mantis shrimp is one of fishery resource with a high species variation and widely distribution area that cause differences in morphometric characteristics and population mixing. This study purposed to identify and compare the morphometric characters of mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda) in South Madura waters, Indonesia. The study was conducted from October 2019 until January 2020 with specimen collecting from three locations in south of Madura. Harpiosquilla harpax, Miyakella sp. and Oratosquillina sp. was dominant species that was chosen for investigation of morphometric differentiation. Morphometric characters were observed with standard method and truss network analysis (TNA). Kruskal Wallis analysis resulted difference of 14 from 15 characters with standard method, and 47 from 56 characters with truss network analysis. Cluster analysis showed that Miyakella sp. and Oratosquillina sp. have a close relationship compared to Harpiosquilla harpax. In addition, mantis shrimp populations in south of Madura formed three population groups.

Keywords: Harpiosquilla; Miyakella; Oratosquillina; Populations; Standard.

135

P2-1

A Morphometric Approach into Mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) Diversity in Fisheries Management Area 711 as a Management Base

Yusli Wardiatno1,2,3, Abdul Aziz1, Zairion1,2 and Agus Alim Hakim1,*

Abstract Rastrelliger spp. is a small pelagic fish with important ecological and economic value in Indonesia. Genus Rastrelliger have three species with different distribution pattern, so they have diversity on morphology and populations in several waters. The study aimed to analyze the morphometric diversity of mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) in Bintan, Bangka, and Ketapang waters (Fisheries Management Area 711) using standard morphometric methods and truss network analysis. 310 samples were collected from all locations based on simple random sampling. The growth pattern of Rastrellliger spp. was negative allometric in each location. The cluster analysis showed that the mackerel populations from Ketapang and Bangka formed one group, while Bintan tended to be different. Based on the discriminant analysis, there are overlapping populations between Ketapang and Bangka. The difference of morphometric characters on mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) can indicate different species, so there is potential for more than one population or stock in FMA 711.

Keywords: Allometric; FMA 711; Population; Stock.

136

P2-2

Biodiversity of Macroinvertebrates in Artificial Substrate from Several Habitats at Ponelo Island, Gorontalo

Ali Mashar*, Alifia Putri Nur Firdaussyia, Majariana Krisanti and Agus Alim Hakim

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract Ponelo Island is located at the North Gorontalo District (Gorontalo Province) with a position close to the Wallace line. The impact of the position makes Ponelo Island having high biodiversities, such as macroinvertebrates biodiversity. This study aimed to compare the biodiversity of macroinvertebrates living in artificial substrates form anthropogenic, seagrass, mangrove, and coral reefs habitat at Ponelo Island, Gorontalo. This study was conducted from August to October 2019 in four different habitats at Ponelo Island. The specimens were identified at the Laboratory of Micro Biology, Department of Aquatic Resources Management, IPB University. The data were analyzed by calculating the diversity index, dominance index, uniformity index, similarity analysis between habitats, and ANOVA test. The macroinvertebrates samples from all stations were found 58 species, consisting of phylum Annelids, Crustaceans, and Molluscs. The diversity value of macroinvertebrates in seagrass and coral reef habitats is higher and vice versa the association level is lower than in other habitats. Acetes sp., Clypeomorus bifasciata, and Sesarma sp. were obtained in all locations. The placement of the artificial substrate had no significant effect on the density of macroinvertebrates in all habitats.

Keywords: Anthropogenic; Coral reefs; Index; Mangrove; Seagrass.

137

P2-3

Preliminary study on the sound character of coconut crab (Birgus latro)

Irdiana Sintia1, Totok Hestirianoto1 and Sulistiono2*

Abstract Some coconut crab (Birgus latro) specimens had been reared in the Laboratory of Ecobiology and Conservation of Aquatic Resources, Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences of Bogor Agricultural University for preliminary study on their sound characters. For several days, its sound had been recorded and the sound character was analyzed. It was known that in captivity, the crab produced sound only in the middle of the night. The Crab began to produce sound with stridulatory sound, and then mixed with click sound. At the last hour before dawn, they produced only stridulatory sound. In general, the crab produced sound only after sunset until dawn. Beginning at 18.00 (local time) in the evening to 06.00 in the morning. Two kinds of sound were produced, namely Stridulatory and Click. The sound band frequency was in between 300 to 500Hz; and in between 900 to 1200Hz. The sound length was around 10 msec and sound intensity was 4 dB. During the day the crab didn’t produce any kind of sound.

Keywords: Coconut crab; Bio-acoustic; Captive rearing.

138

P2-4

Reproductive Biology of Hampala Barb (Hampala macrolepidota Kuhl & Van Hasselt 1823) in Ranau Lake, Indonesia

S Makmur1,2,*, D Muthmainnah 1,2, Subagdja1, D Arfiati3, G Bintoro3 and A W Ekawati3

1) Research Institute for Inland Fisheries and Extension, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries 2) Inland Fishery Resources Development and Management Department – Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center 3) Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Brawijaya University

*Corresponding author: E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract One of the economically valuable consumption fish in Lake Ranau is the hampala barb (Hampala macrolepidota). Hampala barb is the top predator in Ranau Lake. The fish population is still quite a lot, but it is starting to decline. This study aimed to determine the reproductive biology of hampala barb in Ranau Lake. Ranau Lake is located in South Sumatra Province and Lampung Province, Indonesia. The research was conducted by the inventory survey method and laboratory analysis. Fish samples were obtained from fisher's catch, where the fish were caught using gill nets with varying mesh sizes and harpoon. The fish were measured for length body, and total weight. Then surgery was performed to determine their reproductive biological characteristics (sex, size of first gonad maturity, gonad maturity stage, Gonad Somatic Index, fecundity, and egg diameter). The results showed that the hampala barb in Ranau Lake laid the eggs throughout the year with a sex ratio of 1: 1, the size of the first stage of gonad maturity of male and female were 15.38 cm and 19.21 cm, fecundity between 17,406 – 63,793 eggs, and egg diameter between 0.8 -1.9 mm. This reproductive biology information can be used for the management of hampala barb in Ranau Lake.

139

P2-5

The Development of Adapted Marmorated Medaka Oryzias marmoratus (Aurich, 1935) at Ex situ Habitat

Djamhuriyah Syaikh Said* and Novi Mayasari

Research Center for Limnology Indonesian Institute of Sciences

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Limnology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Komplek CSC-BG, LIPI. Jl Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia 16911 E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Marmorated Medaka (Oryzias marmoratus) is a small endemic fish species of Malili Lakes, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The fish is a valuable commodity as an ornamental fish. However, their population in the wild is threatened to extinction and has been categorized as vulnerable by IUCN. An effort to conserve O. marmoratus by ex situ breeding is necessary for its sustainability. Research Center for Limnology-LIPI has succeeded to take the fish from Lake Towuti and adapted them in an ex-situ habitat (laboratory) in 2017–2018. A research on the development to adapt O. marmoratus outside their natural habitat has been conducted in 2019–2020. The sex ratio of male: female was 1:2 (1:2.223 ± 0.638). During mass spawning, the fish was able to reproduce seven times in 37 days. Egg diameter (mm) was 1.193±0.017; fertilization and hatching rates were 100% and 98.149±3.347%, respectively. Length of incubation Period (LIP) (days) was 7.286±1.329, and the larva size (mm) was 3.3±0.483. Survival Rate on seven days (SR7) was 97.02112±5.510 % with larva size of 5.5±0.707. Juvenile size (mm) at 16 weeks was 33.6 ± 5.661 (26–42). Oryzias marmoratus can be developed in ex situ habitats and still needs further research.

Keywords: Adapted fish; Oryzias marmoratus; Ex situ habitat; Development.

140

P2-6

Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis of Indo-Pacific King Mackerel in IFMA 711 Waters

Tegoeh Noegroho1,*, Luky Adrianto2, Sulistiono2 dan Mennofatria Boer2 1) Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Cibinong, Bogor Indonesia 2) Department of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor-Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Research Center for Limnology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Komplek CSC-BG, LIPI. Jl Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia 16911 E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Indo-Pacific king mackerel has been long fished by traditional and modern fishers. The fish is a catch target species with high economic value in local and export markets. The fishing efforts for the fish have been increasingly intensive. However, the management for which is still lacking. The concern is, continuous exploitation will make indo-pacific mackerel stock susceptible. Therefore, the fish condition should be measured based on productivity and susceptibility parameters using productivity susceptibility analysis (PSA). The study aimed to analyze the sustainability of Indo-Pacific king mackerel and other species caught by gillnet and purse seine in FMA 711 based on productivity and susceptibility scenarios. The study analyzed Indo-Pacific king mackerel and other species, i.e. whitefin wolf-herring, narrow-barred Spanish mackerel, longtail tuna, eastern little tuna, dan bigeye scad. The results of the analysis suggest that Indo-Pacific king mackerel and whitefin wolf-herring were of moderate productivity and susceptibility, narrow-barred Spanish mackerel and longtail tuna were of high productivity and low susceptibility, and eastern little tuna and bigeye scad were of low productivity and high susceptibility, putting both at high risk from fishing activities. In addition, the data quality of Indo-Pacific king mackerel was moderate, while the data quality of whitefin wolf-herring was the worst. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality and quantity of the data and scientific information on whitefin wolf-hearing in the further studies.

Keywords: Stock status; Indo-Pacific king mackerel; Productivity; Susceptibility; FMA 711.

141

P2-7

Fat, Water and Ash Content in Chlorophyceae, Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae Macroalgae at Sepanjang Beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Heny Budi Setyorini1,* and Amallia Puspitasari2

1) Program Study of Marine Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources Technology, Institute Technology of Yogyakarta, Jl. Kebun Raya, No. 39, Rejowinangun, Kotagede Sub-District, Yogyakarta 55171, Indonesia 2) Program Study of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institute Technology of Yogyakarta, Jl. Nyi Pembayun No. 23, Prenggan, Kotagede Sub-District, Yogyakarta 55172, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Program Study of Marine Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources Technology, Institute Technology of Yogyakarta, Jl. Kebun Raya, No. 39, Rejowinangun, Kotagede Sub- District, Yogyakarta 55171, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Community in Sepanjang Beach have utilized the macroalgae as main ingredients in various special processed products. The objective of this study was to analyze the content of fat, water, and ash in Chlorophyceae, Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae macroalgae at Sepanjang Beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia to support optimization of macroalgae processed products. This research was conducted at Sepanjang Beach, Kemadang Village, Tanjungsari District, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta in August 2020. A method of descriptive exploratory was used in this research. Analysis of fat content, water and ash content was carried out on Ulva lactuta, Palmaria palmata, Sargassum crassifolium, Gelidium spinosum, Gelidiella acerosa, and Gracilaria verrucosa quantitatively using Sochlet method for content of fat, thermogravimetric method for content of water and gravimetric method for content of ash. The results showed that the highest fat and ash content was found in Ulva lactuta at 0.17% and 8.72% respectively, while the highest water content was found in Sargassum crassifolium at 89.46%.

Keywords: Macroalgae; Fat; Water; Ash; Sepanjang Beach; Yogyakarta.

142

P2-8

The Description of villi from Grouper Cantang (Ephinephelus fuscogutattus lanceolotus) Fed with Exogenous Enzyme Papain

Rita Rostika1,*, Fittrie Meyllianawaty2 and Rega Permana1

1) Fisheries Pangandaran Class Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran 2) Fisheries Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran

*Corresponding author: Fisheries Pangandaran Class Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran Email address: [email protected]

Abstract This research was carried out to observe the appearance of the grouper cantang (Ephinephelus fuscogutattus lanceolotus) intestine which was fed with exogenous enzyme papain-added feed, and maintained in a marine cage on the coast of Pangandaran, West Java Province from January to March 2019. Completely Randomized Design Method in this study was performed with five treatments and three replications with enzyme doses of 0%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75%, and 5% for 60 days. The fish used were two months old with average weight 20 ± 10 g. Fifteen cages measuring 1m x 1m x 1.2m3 were used to keep fish that were randomly placed for each sampling. All fish were fed pellets with a protein content of 40% with a feeding level of 5% sampling was carried out every 10 days for 60 days. The Average Daily Gain (ADG) calculation was done by calculating the initial and final weights, while the preparation for intestine conditions was carried out by taking the digestive tract from the anterior to the posterior, just after the fish had been killed. The parameters observed were ADG and intestine conditions (number of villi, villi length, necrosis, and goblet cells) in the anterior, midterior, and posterior parts. The results showed that the ADG was significantly different in all treatments, the best was the addition of enzymes 25% while the intestine conditions were the number of villi 33, villi length 270.35 micron meter, necrosis cells 192 and goblet 53. In the anterior part the number of villi 35, villi length 291.37 micron meter, necrosis cells 210 and goblet 66. On the midterior the number of villi 30, villi length 259.53 micron meter, cells Necrosis 176 and Goblet 45. On the posterior the number of villi 34, villi length 260.14 micron meter, cells Necrosis 189 and Goblet 48. Overall it can be concluded that the administration of the enzyme papain 2.5 % shows a significant effect on the growth and intestinal conditions of the grouper cantang.

Keywords: Cantang grouper; Papain enzyme; Growth; Villi length; Number of villi.

143

P2-9

The Growth Potential of Single Celled Marine Chlorophycean Microalgae in Modified Saline Karst Water Culture Media

Desy Mulyawati*, Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi, Bambang Widigdo and Grin Tommy Panggabean

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia, 16680

*Corresponding author: Fisheries Pangandaran Class Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Chlorella sp., dan Nannochloropsis sp. as two common single celled of marine Chlorophycean microalgae were cultivated in modified saline karst water culture media. The survival and growth of those two microalgae were the objectives of this study. There were three different modified nutrients in saline karst water applied for Chlorella sp. And Nannochloropsis sp. cultivation. The result shows that the highest density of Chlorella sp. was shown on the fourth day, but dropped sharply to the tenth day, and had the pottential to increase at the end of the observation. The highest density of Nannochloropsis sp. was reached on the sixth day, then decreased slightly and stabilized, even showing an increase at the end of the observation. Overall, Chlorella sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. showed different adaptation patterns for survival and growth on modified saline karst water culture media.

Keywords: Modified saline karst-water; Nutrient; Single celled Chlorophycean.

144

P2-10

Distribution of Dissolved Heavy Metals Hg, Pb, Cd, and As Content in Bojonegara Coastal Waters, Banten Bay

Edika Pradana Surbakti, Aliati Iswantari, Hefni Effendi and Sulistiono

Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, Campus of IPB Darmaga, Jalan Agatis, Bogor, 16680-West Java, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, Campus of IPB Darmaga, Jalan Agatis, Bogor, 16680-West Java, Indonesia Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Heavy metals that come from anthropogenic activities contribute and have a very significant impact on the aquatic environment. This study aimed to determine the distribution of the dissolved heavy metal content of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in Bojonegara Beach waters. Data were collected from October to December 2019 at six observation stations with a purposive sampling method. The data analysis consisted of analyzing water quality conditions, distribution of heavy metal content, and correlation coefficient. Based on the analysis results, all of the heavy metals concentrations of Hg, Pb, Cd, and as at the six observation stations is below the detection limit, except for Pb in November. Correlation analysis results showed that the concentration of heavy metals in waters is influenced by TSS, temperature, salinity, pH, and DO. Based on the Ministerial Decree of Environment No. 51 of 2004 concerning Sea Water Quality Standards for Biota, the concentration of dissolved heavy metals Hg, Pb, Cd, and As in Bojonegara coastal waters are still below the quality standard. The content of the heavy metal Pb in Bojonegara Beach waters is higher in river areas and tends to decrease towards the sea.

Keywords: Distribution; Concentration; Waste; Heavy metals.

145

P2-11

DNA Metabarcoding Approach for Fisheries Management

Inna Puspa Ayu1, Yusli Wardiatno1,2,3, Nurlisa A Butet1 and Hawis Madduppa4

Abstract Increased publications on meta-barcoding promote an interest in fisheries research on biodiversity, diet, and biomonitoring. These studies have primarily concentrated on an ecosystem that has implications for fisheries management.The interpretation of ecosystems in fisheries management is especially complex. Various theories have arisen to describe the interactions that occur and eventually contribute to who and what role they play in ecology. Identification of organisms is also a prerequisite for answering questions in the field of ecology. This shows that reliable and accurate knowledge is important and desirable. Metabarcoding as a modern molecular technique provides a realistic approach that lets ecologists analyze organisms in complex environmental samples and solve the problem in the ecosystem quickly. This paper explores the use of metabarcoding in fisheries management research and also highlights the drawback and value of the process in the future.

Keyword: Diversity; Diet; Ecology; Food web.

146

P2-12

Some Population Parameters on The Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758) Fish in Lake Paniai, Papua

Samuel and Siswanta Kaban

Research Institute for Inland Fisheries and Extension

*Corresponding author: Email address: [email protected]

Abstract Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fish is known as a fish introductions on some waters of the lake in Indonesia and included in a group of herbivore fish. The Common carp fish population in Lake was in the dominant number, so that its became the target catch by fishermen. Estimation of some parameters on Common carp fish population in Lake Paniai was aimed to evaluate the growth parameters, mortality, the fishing rate and recruitment pattern. Taking and measuring the fish sample was done in the period from February to October 2016 by using the fishing gear of gill nets with mesh sizes of 1.00 - 4.50 inches. The results showed that Common carp fish population in Lake Paniai was dominated by individual lengths between 15- 25 cm with a frequency of 55.78%, the growth pattern of male fish were alometric (-) and females were isometric. Asymptotic length (L∞) = 61.43 cm and the growth coefficient (K) = 0.32 per year. The rate of natural mortality (M) = 0.65 per year, the mortality rate of fishing (F) = 0.52 per year, the total mortality rate (Z) = 1.17 per year and the exploitation rate (E) = 0.44. The exploitation rate of Common carp fish was still below the its optimum value, thus an attempt to catch this fish, could be still improved. Common carp fish populations caught by mostly fishermen have had a chance to spawning thus Common carp fish population in the lake was estimated to still preserved and could be utilized in a sustainable manner. Peak recruitment occured only one year, namely in June.

Keywords: Population parameters, Common carp fish, Lake Paniai, Papua.

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