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Ecological Site Description 5/13/2019 ESD Printable Report United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Ecological Site Description Section l: Ecological Site Characteristics Ecological Site Identification and Concept Site stage: Provisional Provisional: an ESD at the provisional status represents the lowest tier of documentation that is releasable to the public. It contains a grouping of soil units that respond similarly to ecological processes. The ESD contains 1) enough information to distinguish it from similar and associated ecological sites and 2) a draft state and transition model capturing the ecological processes and vegetative states and community phases as they are currently conceptualized. The provisional ESD has undergone both quality control and quality assurance protocols. It is expected that the provisional ESD will continue refinement towards an approved status. Site name: Semidesert Stony Loam (Blackbrush) / Coleogyne ramosissima - Pleuraphis jamesii ( / blackbrush - James' galleta) Site type: Rangeland Site ID: R035XY243U T Major land resource area (MLRA): 035-Colorado Plateau https://esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/ESDReport/fsReportPrt.aspx?id=R035XY243UT&rptLevel=all&approved=yes&repType=regular&scrns=&comm= 1/13 5/13/2019 ESD Printable Report Physiographic Features This site occurs on gently sloping alluvial and glacial outwash fans, toe slopes, alluvial terraces and mesa tops. Landform: (1) Alluvial fan (2) Outwash fan (3) Mesa Minimum Maximum Elevation (feet): 5000 6000 Slope (percent): 2 15 Aspect: NorthEast SouthEast https://esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/ESDReport/fsReportPrt.aspx?id=R035XY243UT&rptLevel=all&approved=yes&repType=regular&scrns=&comm= 2/13 5/13/2019 ESD Printable Report SouthWest Climatic Features Average annual precipitation is 9 to 12 inches. Approximately 77 percent of the precipitation comes as rain from March through October. On the average February, May, and June are the driest months and July through October are the wettest months. Soil temperatures are in the mesic regime. Precipitation is extremely variable from month to month and from year to year. Much of the summer precipitation occurs as convection thunder storms. In average years, plants begin growth around March 1 and end growth around October 15. Averaged Frost-free period (days): 140 Freeze-free period (days): 140 Mean annual precipitation (inches): 12.00 Monthly Precipitation (Inches): Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec High 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Low 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 inches 0 inches Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Monthly Temperature (°F): Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec High 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Low 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 https://esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/ESDReport/fsReportPrt.aspx?id=R035XY243UT&rptLevel=all&approved=yes&repType=regular&scrns=&comm= 3/13 5/13/2019 ESD Printable Report 2 °F 0 °F -2 °F -4 °F -6 °F -8 °F -10 °F Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Influencing Water Features Representative Soil Features The soils are generally deep, well drained, water holding capacity is low. Typically the surface layer is reddish brown to brown and surface textures range from gravelly fine sandy loams to gravelly loams. Soil temperature regime is mesic and moisture regime is ustic aridic. Runoff is low due to the high permeability—the coarser the soil the slower the runoff. Soils on reference state sites typically have low wind and water erosion potential due to rock fragments. Biological crust cover is characterized as crustless or the possible occurrence of light cyanobacteria or by isolated pinnacles of lichen with little continuity. These surface rock fragments typically have evidence of calcium deposits (small whiteish nodes). The occurrence of water flow patterns is common, but may be masked by rock fragments or biological crusts if present. Disturbed areas are marked by increased water flow patterns and gullies, as well as a decrease in plant cover. This site has been used in the following soils surveys and has been correlated to the following components: UT631—Henry Mountains Area—Cerrillos; Stormitt UT633—Canyonlands Area—Clapper; Stormitt UT638—Styrch UT685—Capital Reef National Park—Moab; Ustic Torriothents Typical Soil Profile: A—0-3 inches; gravelly sandy loam; strongly calcareous; moderately alkaline Bw—3-12 inches; very cobbly sandy loam; strongly calcareous; moderately alkaline Bk1—12-29 inches; very cobbly sandy loam; very strongly calcareous; moderately alkaline Bk2—29-60 inches; very cobbly loam; very strongly calcareous; moderately alkaline https://esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/ESDReport/fsReportPrt.aspx?id=R035XY243UT&rptLevel=all&approved=yes&repType=regular&scrns=&comm= 4/13 5/13/2019 ESD Printable Report Minimum Maximum Drainage class: Well drained Minimum Maximum Depth (inches): 60 Available water capacity (inches): 3.00 6.50 Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 2 Sodium adsorption ratio: 0 5 Calcium carbonate equivalent (percent): 15 30 Soil reaction (1:1 water): 8.2 9.0 Plant Communities Ecological Dynamics of the Site As ecological condition deteriorates due to overgrazing, Indian ricegrass and galleta decrease while blackbrush and snakeweed may increase to dominate the site. When the potential natural plant community is burned, blackbrush decreases while Indian ricegrass, galleta, and snakeweed increase. Cheatgrass, Russian thistle, and Utah juniper are most likely to invade this site. Suitability for rangeland seeding is very poor. The main limitations are low precipitation and low available water capacity. Reference State The general view of this site is blackbrush. The composition by air-dry weight is approximately 35 percent perennial grasses, 10 percent forbs, and 55 percent shrubs. Reference State Plant Species Composition Annual Production Grass/Grasslike (pounds per acre) Group Group name Common name Symbol Scientific name Low High 0 -Dominant Grasses 113 175 Indian ricegrass ACHY Achnatherum hymenoides 45 75 James' galleta PLJA Pleuraphis jamesii 68 100 Annual Production Shrub/Vine (pounds per acre) Group Group name Common name Symbol Scientific name Low High 0 -Dominant Shrubs 149 250 blackbrush CORA Coleogyne ramosissima 135 200 mormon tea EPVI Ephedra viridis 14 50 https://esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/ESDReport/fsReportPrt.aspx?id=R035XY243UT&rptLevel=all&approved=yes&repType=regular&scrns=&comm= 5/13 5/13/2019 ESD Printable Report Annual Production Grass/Grasslike (pounds per acre) Group Group name Common name Symbol Scientific name Low High 1 -Sub-Dominant Grasses 58 140 Grass, annual 2GA 14 25 Grass, perennial 2GP 14 25 desert needlegrass ACSP12 Achnatherum speciosum 5 15 purple threeawn ARPU9 Aristida purpurea 5 15 squirreltail ELEL5 Elymus elymoides 5 15 needle and thread HECOC8 Hesperostipa comata subsp. comata 5 15 Sandberg bluegrass POSE Poa secunda 5 15 sand dropseed SPCR Sporobolus cryptandrus 5 15 Annual Production Forb (pounds per acre) Group Group name Common name Symbol Scientific name Low High 2 -Sub-Dominant Forbs 98 310 Forb, annual 2FA 14 50 Forb, perennial 2FP 14 50 woolly locoweed ASMO7 Astragalus mollissimus 5 15 Fendler's sandmat CHFE3 Chamaesyce fendleri 5 15 Brenda's yellow cryptantha CRFL5 Cryptantha flava 5 15 red dome blanketflower GAPI Gaillardia pinnatifida 5 15 flatspine stickseed LAOC3 Lappula occidentalis 5 15 Utah desertparsley LOPA Lomatium parryi 5 15 rayless tansyaster MAGR2 Machaeranthera grindelioides 5 15 tufted evening primrose OECA10 Oenothera caespitosa 5 15 Utah penstemon PEUT Penstemon utahensis 5 15 cleftleaf wildheliotrope PHCR Phacelia crenulata 5 15 woolly plantain PLPA2 Plantago patagonica 5 15 scarlet globemallow SPCO Sphaeralcea coccinea 5 15 Symphyotrichum chilense var. Pacific aster SYCHC 5 15 chilense Annual Production Shrub/Vine (pounds per acre) Group Group name Common name Symbol Scientific name Low High 3 -Sub-Dominant Shrubs 64 650 Shrub (>.5m) 2SHRUB 14 500 California saltbush ATCA Atriplex californica 5 15 fourwing saltbush ATCA2 Atriplex canescens 5 15 yellow rabbitbrush CHVI8 Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus 5 15 rubber rabbitbrush ERNAN5 Ericameria nauseosa var. nauseosa 5 15 sulphur-flower buckwheat ERUM Eriogonum umbellatum 5 15 spiny hopsage GRSP Grayia spinosa 5 15 broom snakeweed GUSA2 Gutierrezia sarothrae 5 15 winterfat KRLA2 Krascheninnikovia lanata 5 15 plains pricklypear OPPO Opuntia polyacantha 5 15 Thompson's dalea PSTH Psorothamnus thompsoniae 5 15 Annual Production by Plant Type https://esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/ESDReport/fsReportPrt.aspx?id=R035XY243UT&rptLevel=all&approved=yes&repType=regular&scrns=&comm= 6/13 5/13/2019 ESD Printable Report Annual Production (lbs/ac) Representative Plant type Low value High Forb 28 48 73 Grass/Grasslike 96 166 254 Shrub/Vine 151 261 399 Total: 275 475 726 Structure and Cover: Ground Cover (%) Vegetative Cover Non-Vegetative Cover Surface Non- Fragments Surface Grass/ Shrub/ Vascular Biological > 1/4 & <= Fragments Bare Grasslike Forb Vine Tree Plants Crust Litter 3" > 3" Bedrock Water Ground 19 to 21 4 to 6 39 to 41 Structure of Canopy Cover (%) Grasses/Grasslike Forbs Shrubs/Vines Trees <=0.5 feet > 0.5 - < 1 feet 19 to 21 4 to 6 < 1 - >= 2 feet 39 to 41 Section ll: Ecological Site Interpretations Animal Community --Livestock and Wildlife Grazing-- This site provides poor/fair grazing conditions for livestock due to the high tannins, and low available nutrition in blackbrush. However is has relatively high importance for winter livestock grazing due to the preferable climate. For goats, the grazing value is increased (poor to good). For any class of livestock used, the carrying capacity is always low. This site often lacks natural perennial water sources, which can influence the suitability for livestock and wildlife grazing.
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