2015 Annual Report
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Spindle Assembly in Xenopus Egg Extracts
Spindle Assembly in Xenopus Egg Extracts: Respective Roles of Centrosomes and Microtubule Self-Organization Rebecca Heald, Régis Tournebize, Anja Habermann, Eric Karsenti, and Anthony Hyman Cell Biology Program, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany Abstract. In Xenopus egg extracts, spindles assembled end–directed translocation of microtubules by cytoplas- around sperm nuclei contain a centrosome at each pole, mic dynein, which tethers centrosomes to spindle poles. while those assembled around chromatin beads do not. However, in the absence of pole formation, microtu- Poles can also form in the absence of chromatin, after bules are still sorted into an antiparallel array around addition of a microtubule stabilizing agent to extracts. mitotic chromatin. Therefore, other activities in addi- Using this system, we have asked (a) how are spindle tion to dynein must contribute to the polarized orienta- poles formed, and (b) how does the nucleation and or- tion of microtubules in spindles. When centrosomes are ganization of microtubules by centrosomes influence present, they provide dominant sites for pole forma- spindle assembly? We have found that poles are mor- tion. Thus, in Xenopus egg extracts, centrosomes are not phologically similar regardless of their origin. In all cases, necessarily required for spindle assembly but can regu- microtubule organization into poles requires minus late the organization of microtubules into a bipolar array. uring cell division, the correct organization of mi- and Lloyd, 1994). In the absence of centrosomes, bipolar crotubules in bipolar spindles is necessary to dis- spindle assembly seems to occur through the self-organiza- D tribute chromosomes to the daughter cells. The tion of microtubules around mitotic chromatin (McKim slow growing or minus ends of the microtubules are fo- and Hawley, 1995; Heald et al., 1996; Waters and Salmon, cused at each pole, while the plus ends interact with the 1997). -
Mechanistic Mathematical Modeling of Spatiotemporal Microtubule Dynamics and Regulation in Vivo
Research Collection Doctoral Thesis Mechanistic mathematical modeling of spatiotemporal microtubule dynamics and regulation in vivo Author(s): Widmer, Lukas A. Publication Date: 2018 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000328562 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library diss. eth no. 25588 MECHANISTICMATHEMATICAL MODELINGOFSPATIOTEMPORAL MICROTUBULEDYNAMICSAND REGULATION INVIVO A thesis submitted to attain the degree of DOCTOR OF SCIENCES of ETH ZURICH (dr. sc. eth zurich) presented by LUKASANDREASWIDMER msc. eth cbb born on 11. 03. 1987 citizen of luzern and ruswil lu, switzerland accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Jörg Stelling, examiner Prof. Dr. Yves Barral, co-examiner Prof. Dr. François Nédélec, co-examiner Prof. Dr. Linda Petzold, co-examiner 2018 Lukas Andreas Widmer Mechanistic mathematical modeling of spatiotemporal microtubule dynamics and regulation in vivo © 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are all much more than the sum of our work, and there is a great many whom I would like to thank for their support and encouragement, without which this thesis would not exist. I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Jörg Stelling, for giving me the opportunity to conduct my PhD research in his group. Jörg, you have been a great scientific mentor, and the scientific freedom you give your students is something I enjoyed a lot – you made it possible for me to develop my own theories, and put them to the test. I thank you for the trust you put into me, giving me a challenge to rise up to, and for always having an open door, whether in times of excitement or despair. -
Intracellular Scaling Mechanisms
Downloaded from http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/ on September 29, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Intracellular Scaling Mechanisms Simone Reber1,2 and Nathan W. Goehring3 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, 01307 Dresden, Germany 2Integrative Research Institute (IRI) for the Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universita¨t zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany 3MRC Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom Correspondence: [email protected] Organelle function is often directly related to organelle size. However, it is not necessarily absolute size but the organelle-to-cell-size ratio that is critical. Larger cells generally have increased metabolic demands, must segregate DNA over larger distances, and require larger cytokinetic rings to divide. Thus, organelles often must scale to the size of the cell. The need for scaling is particularly acute during early development during which cell size can change rapidly. Here, we highlight scaling mechanisms for cellular structures as diverse as centro- somes, nuclei, and the mitotic spindle, and distinguish them from more general mechanisms of size control. In some cases, scaling is a consequence of the underlying mechanism of organelle size control. In others, size-control mechanisms are not obviously related to cell size, implying that scaling results indirectly from cell-size-dependent regulation of size- control mechanisms. cell is a highly organized unit in which We also know that cell size can vary dra- Afunctions are compartmentalized into spe- matically even within one organism. Xenopus cific organelles. Each cellular organelle carries laevis is an extreme example. The smallest so- out a distinct function, which is not only related matic cells are only a few micrometers in diam- to its molecular composition but, in many cas- eter, whereas the oocyte and one-cell embryo es, also to its size. -
Findings Magazine
FindingsFALL 2017 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of General Medical Sciences features 1 Protein Paradox: Enrique De La Cruz Aims to Understand Actin 18 The Science of Size: Rebecca Heald Explores Size Control in Amphibians articles 5 A World Without Pain 6 Demystifying General Anesthetics 10 There’s an “Ome” for That —TORSTEN WITTMANN, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO ON THE COVER This human skin cell was bathed 17 Lighting Up the Promise of Gene Therapy in a liquid containing a growth factor. The procedure for Glaucoma triggered the formation of specialized protein structures that enable the cell to move. We depend on our cells 24 NIGMS Is on Instagram! being able to move for basic functions such as the healing of wounds and the launch of immune responses. departments 3 Cool Tools: High-Resolution Microscopy— Editor In Living Color Chris Palmer 9 Spotlight on Videos: Scientists in Action Contributing Writers Carolyn Beans 14 S potlight on the Cell: The Extracellular Matrix, Kathryn Calkins Emily Carlson a Multitasking Marvel Alisa Zapp Machalek Chris Palmer Erin Ross Ruchi Shah activities Production Manager 22 Superstars of Science Quiz Susan Athey Online Editor The Last Word (inside back cover) Susan Athey Find Us At Image credits: Unless otherwise credited, images are royalty-free stock images. https://twitter.com/nigms https://www.facebook.com/nigms.nih.gov Produced by the Offce of Communications and Public Liaison https://www.instagram.com/nigms_nih National Institute of General Medical Sciences National Institutes of Health https://www.youtube.com/user/NIGMS U.S. -
Curriculum Vitae Ehab Abouheif Personal
CURRICULUM VITAE EHAB ABOUHEIF PERSONAL INFORMATION: Date & Place of Birth: 28 July 1971, Montreal, Quebec Citizenship: Canadian Address: Department of Biology McGill University 1205 Avenue Dr. Penfield Montreal, Quebec Canada, H3A 1B1 Telephone: 514-398-7190 EMail: [email protected] Webpage: http://biology.Mcgill.ca/faculty/abouheif/ PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: James McGill Professor. 2017-Present. McGill University, CA. Department of Biology • Editor-In-Chief, JEZB: Molecular Developmental Evolution (2019 to present) • Member, Royal Society of Canada, College of New Artists, Scholars, and Scientists (2016 to present) • Guggenheim Fellow (2017 to 2018) • NSERC E.W.R Steacie Memorial Fellow (2014 to 2016) • Past President, Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology (2015 to present) • Founding President, Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology (2013 to 2015) • Adjunct Professor, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, USA (2015 to present) Ehab Abouheif Committee Members’ Package • External Faculty, KLI Institute for the study of natural complex systems, Austria (2017 to present). Associate Professor. 2010-2015. McGill University, CA. Department of Biology • Canada Research Chair (Tier II) in Evolutionary Developmental Biology (2009 to 2014). Assistant Professor. 2004-2009. McGill University, CA. Department of Biology • Canada Research Chair (Tier II) in Evolutionary Developmental Biology (2004 to 2009). • Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow in Molecular Evolutionary Biology (2006 to 2008) Postdoctoral Fellow. 2002-2004. University of California, Berkeley, USA. Department of Integrative Biology (2003-2004). University of Chicago, IL, USA. Department of OrganisMal Biology and AnatoMy (2002-2003). Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Advisor: Dr. Nipam H. Patel EDUCATION: Ph.D. 2002. Duke University, NC, USA. Department of Biology. -
A Lab Co-Op Helps Young Faculty Members to Thrive
WORLD VIEW A personal take on events A lab co-op helps young MARK JOSEPH HANSON faculty members to thrive Linking a lab with others fosters crucial camaraderie, collaboration and productivity, writes Rebecca Heald. hen I started my lab at the University of California, Berkeley, form the group. Proximity is key. I advise postdocs who want to follow two decades ago, what terrified me most was the thought that conventional paths in academia to prioritize jobs in departments that I alone was responsible for everything — from formulating are hiring lots of junior faculty members, and to avoid institutions — Wsuccessful PhD-thesis projects to picking the right freezer. Fortunately, even prestigious ones — that force assistant professors to compete with my stress was mitigated because, within a year, two new assistant profes- each other. That makes everyone in the lab miserable. sors, Matt Welch and Karsten Weis, were hired and given lab space next Matt, Karsten and I had each previously experienced collaborative to mine. Although we all focused on different areas of cell biology, we environments — Matt at the University of California, San Francisco; me shared common interests and values and quickly saw benefits in joining at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, Germany; forces. We called our joint groups the Trilab. and Karsten at both — which helped us conceive of the Trilab. We were Matt, Karsten and I saved space by sharing chemical and microscopy exceedingly fortunate to be at the same career stage at the same place and rooms, and saved money by pooling equipment. We even tore down a time. -
Microtubules: 50 Years on from the Discovery of Tubulin
PERSPECTIVES microtubule dynamics and organization VIEWPOINT emerge from a defined set of proteins Microtubules: 50 years on from through reconstitution experiments. Jonathon Howard. One of the big questions back when I got into the microtubule the discovery of tubulin business, around 1990, was how motor proteins such as kinesin and dynein use Gary Borisy, Rebecca Heald, Jonathon Howard, Carsten Janke, ATP hydrolysis to generate force for Andrea Musacchio and Eva Nogales transport along microtubules (such as axonal transport) or for cell motility (such as Abstract | Next year will be the 50th anniversary of the discovery of tubulin. ciliary or flagellar motion). The interaction To celebrate this discovery, six leaders in the field of microtubule research reflect of kinesin with microtubules was a model on key findings and technological breakthroughs over the past five decades, system, because it was clear that only a discuss implications for therapeutic applications and provide their thoughts on relatively small number of kinesins must what questions need to be addressed in the near future. be capable of moving small vesicles along microtubules. A related question was how microtubule growth and shrinkage could Identifying the main component of Rebecca Heald. In the mid-1990s, one generate force to move chromosomes microtubules was obviously the pressing question was why microtubules during mitosis. Polymerization and pressing task in the field around 50 years ago. in cells were so much more dynamic than depolymerization forces were very What key questions were being pursued microtubules assembled from purified mysterious: how could you hold on to the when you entered the arena of tubulin. -
Program Book
The Genetics Society of America Conferences 15th International Xenopus Conference August 24-28, 2014 • Pacific Grove, CA PROGRAM GUIDE LEGEND Information/Guest Check-In Disabled Parking E EV Charging Station V Beverage Vending Machine N S Ice Machine Julia Morgan Historic Building W Roadway Pedestrian Pathway Outdoor Group Activity Area Program and Abstracts Meeting Organizers Carole LaBonne, Northwestern University John Wallingford, University of Texas at Austin Organizing Committee: Julie Baker, Stanford Univ Chris Field, Harvard Medical School Carmen Domingo, San Francisco State Univ Anna Philpott, Univ of Cambridge 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-3998 Telephone: (301) 634-7300 • Fax: (301) 634-7079 E-mail: [email protected] • Web site: genetics-gsa.org Thank You to the Following Companies for their Generous Support Platinum Sponsor Gold Sponsors Additional Support Provided by: Carl Zeiss Microscopy, LLC Monterey Convention & Gene Tools, LLC Visitors Bureau Leica Microsystems Xenopus Express 2 Table of Contents General Information ........................................................................................................................... 5 Schedule of Events ............................................................................................................................. 6 Exhibitors ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Opening Session and Plenary/Platform Sessions ............................................................................ -
OCTOBER 2006 ASCB NEWSLETTER 3 Life and Place Work and Parenting in Greater Will Take a Toll, There Is Also a Relatively Harmony
ASCB OCTOBER 2006 NEWSLETTER VOLUME 29, NUMBER 10 Women in Science: A ASCB Launches Disappearing Image & Video Library Act? A New Electronic Resource Page 2 Frustrated in their search for images or videos to (IVL). As part of its mission to teach cell illustrate cell organelles and functions, many cell biology to a broad range of science students Pope Questions biology educators, researchers, around the world, the ASCB has and students have given up. The created a new educational tool Role of Science process has often been extremely that illustrates the cell in a variety Page 15 difficult, if not impossible, for of multimedia formats. The IVL’s both historical micrographs and easy-to-use digital library format cutting-edge discoveries. And offers a growing collection of Take the Time when such visual representations items, all freely accessible on the cannot be obtained from credible Internet at http://cellimages.ascb. to Smell the sources, science education org. suffers. After all, cell biology is a Farquhar MG, Palade GE. The IVL is governed by two Roses? Epithelial cells from the proxi- foundation science, a cornerstone mal tubule of rat kidney dem- boards. A Scientific Advisory Page 24 for students and researchers in all onstrating tight junction seal Board (SAB), composed of biological professions. prominent academic scientists, Now ASCB offers an antidote for frustration, works closely with Curator David Ennist and Inside and a source for peer-reviewed, high-quality Assistant Curator Cindy Boeke, to develop the visual and written -
Engineering Spatiotemporal Organization and Dynamics in Synthetic Cells
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
2013 Faseb Science Research Conferences Advisory Committee Meeting
Proposal #: 15-19 2013 FASEB SCIENCE RESEARCH CONFERENCES ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEETING TOPIC FOR CONSIDERATION TOPIC NAME: MITOSIS: SPINDLE ASSEMBLY AND FUNCTION PREVIOUS TITLE: Mitosis: Spindle Assembly and Function SUBMITTED BY: Erich Nigg, Biozentrum der Universitat Basel Rebecca Heald, University of California-Berkeley YEAR REQUESTED FOR 2015 SCHEDULING: SITE REQUESTS: 1. Portugal 2. Nassau, Bahamas 3. Big Sky, MT DATE REQUESTS: 1. June 21-27, 2015 2. June 28-July 3, 2015 3. September 6-12, 2015 YEAR(S) CONFERENCE 2007, 2009, 2012 HAS BEEN HELD: NOTES: Avoid mid-to-late June dates if Gordon Conferences has similar conferences at that time. FASEB SRC Proposal Instructions Attached are the instructions and requirements for submitting a FASEB SRC proposal. Please complete sections 1-6 before submitting your information. Please submit your proposal by September 23, 2013 in order to be considered for the 2015 SRC Series. Proposals will be reviewed by the FASEB Science Research Conference Advisory Committee in mid November. Shortly thereafter, you will receive a letter with the committee’s decision on your submitted proposal. By the end of January 2014 you will receive a second letter which will indicate the location and date for your conference as well as the name of your assigned Conference Manager. Once your conference is approved, your conference manager will schedule a kick-off conference call to discuss timelines, expectations, instructions on fund raising, and program management to help make your organization process successful. Section 1: Organizer Responsibilities By submitting a FASEB Science Research Conference proposal for consideration by the FASEB SRC Advisory Committee, the organizer(s) accepts the responsibility for producing a successful conference. -
2006 Annual Report Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
2006 ANNUAL REPORT ALFRED P. SLOAN FOUNDATION CONTENTS 2006 Grants and Activities Science and Technology 1 Fellowships 1 Sloan Research Fellowships 1 Direct Support of Research 5 Barcode of Life 5 Indoor Environment 7 Census of Marine Life 8 Other Science 15 History of Science and Technology 16 Websites 16 Standard of Living and Economic Performance 17 Business, Industry and Economics 17 Industry Studies 17 Industry Centers 20 Globalization 23 Role of the Corporation 26 Economics Research 28 Nonprofit Sectors 29 Measuring and Reporting on Government Performance 29 Workplace, Workforce and Working Families 35 Working Families and Everyday Life 35 Case Studies of Workplace-Specific Flexibility 37 National Workplace Flexibility Initiative 40 Education and Careers in Science and Technology 46 Scientific and Technical Careers 46 Anytime, Anyplace Learning 46 Professional Science Master’s Degrees 53 Community Colleges 55 Science and Engineering Workforce 56 Retention 59 Information about Careers 60 Education for Underrepresented Groups 61 Public Understanding of Science and Technology 64 Books 64 Radio 65 ii Public Television 67 Commercial Television and Films 69 Theater 72 Other 74 Selected National Issues and The Civic Program 75 Selected National Issues 75 Bioterrorism 75 Universal Access to Recorded Knowledge 81 Federal Statistics 83 Other 84 The Civic Program 85 Additional Grants 86 2006 Financial Report Financial Review 88 Auditors’ Report 89 Balance Sheets 90 Statements of Activities 91 Statements of Cash Flows 92 Notes to Financial Statements 93 Schedules of Management and Investment Expenses 95 iii SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FELLOWSHIPS Sloan Research Fellowships $5,220,000 The Sloan Research Fellowship Program aims to stimulate fundamental research by young scholars with outstanding promise to contribute significantly to the advancement of knowledge.