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Pleurothallis Silvae- Pacis, a New Species

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Pleurothallis Silvae- Pacis, a New Species OrchidThe Review Pleurothallis silvae- pacis, a new species AdAm P KArremAns and melAniA muñoz GArcíA describe and illustrate Pleurothallis silvae-pacis, a new species found at the Bosque de Paz Biological Reserve in Costa Rica Adam P Karremans Adam ➤ September 2011 155 The new SpecieS Orchid Review Osta RiCa is well-known Pleurothallis silvae-pacis three-veined. Lateral sepals connate Pleurothallis silvae-Pacis Karremans for its outstanding programmes Karremans, sp. nov. into a ovate-acuminate synsepal, from AP Karremans by Drawn Caimed at conserving the local Pleurothallidi wigginsii C. schweinf. 7.5mm long, 3.7mm wide, four flora and fauna. the country has a large affinis, sed foliis longioribus, veined. Petals linear-acuminate, number of protected areas spanning inflorescentia minore, floribus somewhat falcate, acute, margins vast expanses of public property. in roseis, petalis 1-nervatis, labello serrulate, 6.7–6.9mm long, 1.4– B A fact, the National Parks and Wildlife ovato-triangulare minore differt. 1.5mm wide, one-veined. Lip thick, 3069 Karremans Refuges of Costa Rica, managed by type: Costa Rica. alajuela: Valverde ovate, acute, 3–3.2mm long, 1.7mm the government, oversee more than Vega, Bajos del toro, Hacienda wide, the base reflexed as a claw, a quarter of the country’s land mass. Río toro, Bosque de Paz Biological hinged to the column foot, the Private conservation efforts are also Reserve, 1,500–2,000m. Flowered lamina provided with a basal glenion, evermore common in Costa Rica. in cultivation in the orchid garden, below it rises a conspicuous peak, the Bosque de Paz Biological Reserve 25 November 2010, A.P. Karremans the apical third of the lamina is a good example of this. although it 3069 (holotype, CR; isotype, provided with shallow lateral sinuses. 5mm is known mainly for its mountain lodge, JBL-spirit). Column thick, 1.2–1.3mm long, which is an eco-tourism destination, the foot thick-bulbous, papillose; it also has a small research centre, stigma and anther apical. Pollinia with a botanical library, herbarium the Bosque de Paz two, 0.75mm long, provided with 5cm and dissecting equipment. inconspicuous caudicles, and F H the reserve is a mosaic of primary reserve is a mosaic a hard, bubble-like viscidium. and secondary forest (primary forests of primary and Distribution only known from are those on land that has never been Costa Rica, on the Caribbean cleared for farming, secondary forests secondary forest, watershed of the Cordillera grow on land that was once cleared). Volcánica Central, just north 1mm Both types are quite rich in members and epiphytic orchids of the Central Valley. of the Orchidaceae, which are commonly are often observed Habitat and ecology epiphytic observed on fallen trees and branches in pre-montane rain forest. 2mm G along the trails. the orchids have been Phenology the plant has been replanted and made into a garden. Description recorded in flower from september E Plants have been identified and tagged, Epiphytic, caespitose herb, up to to March. preserved as dried specimens and 20cm tall. Roots slender. Ramicaul Etymology from the Latin silva 1mm spirit-preserved flowers, photo- cylindric, erect to suberect, up to (forest) and pax-pacis (peace) graphed, and botanically characterized. 18cm long, enclosed by a closely honoring the Bosque de Paz (Forest Phenology has been recorded for adpressed sheath which covers the of Peace) Biological Reserve, where C almost a decade (Muñoz & Kirby 2007). first third of the ramicaul, with a few the type specimen was collected. some plants are, however, impossible sheaths at the base. Leaf horizontal Paratypes Costa Rica. alajuela: to identify at the specific level, and to sub-horizontal, coriaceous, Valverde Vega, Bajos del toro, 2mm require further study. this is done narrowly ovate to acuminate, 8–10cm Hacienda Río toro, Bosque de Paz in cooperation with researchers at long, 2.5cm wide, the base sessile, Biological Reserve, 1,500–2,000m. Lankester Botanical Gardens, a research cordate. Inflorescences single BdP 06-242 (BdP, BdP-spirit). D centre of the University of Costa Rica flowered, produced in succession and committed to the description of the emerging from a papyraceous spathe, Distinguishing characteristics orchid flora of the country.a s Bogarín 14–16mm long, forming a fascicle of Pleurothallis silvae-pacis is superficially (2010) has shown in his analysis of the old inflorescences with time. Floral similar to P. wigginsii C. schweinf. new orchid findings from Costa Rica in bract 3–4mm long. Pedicel 8–9mm described from the highlands of the last two decades, it is not surprising long. Ovary cylindrical, 3–4mm long. north-central andes in Ecuador. to discover new species while preparing Flowers with greenish-rose sepals, the new species can be distinguished 3mm 1cm local floras, especially in groups such veins rose, the petals and lip dark by the longer leaves, the shorter as Pleurothallidinae. One such species rose, the column whitish-green. inflorescence, the rose-colored found at Bosque de Paz was found to be Dorsal sepal ovate-acuminate, flowers, the one-veined petals, and A Habit B Flower c Dissected perianth D Column and lip, lateral view e Column F Lip G Base of the lip, lateral view H Pollinarium and anther cap a novelty and is described as follows. obtuse, 9.2mm long, 4mm wide, much shorter, ovate-triangular lip ➤ 156 September 2011 September 2011 157 The new SpecieS Orchid Review Photographed by F. Pupulin from Karremans 3069 Karremans Pupulin from F. by Photographed the case in Pleurothallidinae, where accumulation of old inflorescences and sect. Amphygiae (according to it proved difficult the occurrence of parallelism and over time, and, ‘single-flowered Luer 2005). n to find the closest convergence is common, proven inflorescence’, which in most by the DNa-based results obtained cases in Pleurothallidinae is actually AdAm P KArremAns is a junior relatives of this by Pridgeon et al. (2001). a one flowered raceme, should be researcher at Lankester Botanical examined more carefully. Gardens, University of Costa Rica. new species of Distinction and difference as long as no strong evidence His interest include systematics and in the Pleurothallis-Acronia complex supports its placement in any other evolution in Orchidaceae, especially Pleurothallis whether the characters currently genus, we prefer to place the new in the Pleurothallidinae and Laelinae used should award sectional species in genus Pleurothallis. as for melAniA muñoz GArcíA is the (Luer 1998). Pleurothallis imitor Luer distinction at all, let alone generic its sectional relationships, it seems biologist in charge of Bosque de Paz from Costa Rica is also somewhat distinction, is still up for debate. to be intermediate between Acronia Orchid Project. Her interest include similar, particularly in plant habit sections Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae conservation genetics and in vitro culture and dimensions of the inflorescence, and Amphygiae differ basically in the however, the inflorescence is said to relative length of pedicels, the size referenCes be a two-flowered raceme, the flowers and orientation of the petals, and Bogarín, D (2010) How Botany 31 Luer, CA (2007) Icones of that species are yellow, the dorsal the relative size of the small column many orchid species in Luer, CA (1998) Icones Pleurothallidinarum sepal is erect and flat, and smaller (Luer 1998). they both differ Costa Rica? a review Pleurothallidinarum XXVII. Dryadella than the synsepal, and the petals from section Acroniae in the single- of the latest discoveries. XVII. systematics of and Acronia sect. have entire margins (Luer 1998). flowered inflorescence versus in Pridgeon, a (ed). subgen. Pleurothallis sect. Macrophyllaceae- the inflorescence, flower disposition a raceme (Luer 1998). Ancipitia Proceedings of the Third Abortivae, sect. Truncatae, Fasciculatae. Monographs Scientific Conference sect. Pleurothallis, subsect. in systematic Botany 103 and pollinaria structure suggest differs from all groups of Pleurothallis of Andean Orchids, Acroniae, subsect. Luer, CA (2009) lcones affinity with Pleurothallis eumecocaulon and Acronia in its flattened ramicauls, Quito Ecuador Pleurothallis, subgen. Pleurothallidinarum XXX. schltr., a species allocated to genus which are strongly 2-edged. However, Muñoz, M & Kirby, SH Dracontia, subgen. Lepanthes of Jamaica and Ancipitia Luer (Luer 1989; 2004). P. eumecocaulon and its relatives have (2007) an orchid inventory Unciferia (Orchidaceae). systematics of Stelis. almost cylindrical ramicauls and are and conservation project Monographs in Stelis of Ecuador, part similar species certainly not 2-edged. their general at Bosque de Paz systematic Botany 72 four and addenda: at first it was quite difficult to find floral morphology, especially lip biological reserve, upper Luer, CA (2004) Icones systematic of Masdevallia, the closest relatives of this species, shape and pollinaria structure are Río toro Valley, alajuela, Pleurothallidinarum XXVI. new species of Lepanthes Costa Rica. Lankesteriana Pleurothallis subgenus from Ecuador, and even though its general features closer to members of Acronia than 7 (1–2): 60–65 Acianthera and three allied miscellaneous new suggested affinity with Acronia the rest of Ancipitia. Luer, CA (1986) lcones subgenera. a second combinations. (a synonym of Pleurothallis) section Pleurothallidinarum III. century of new species Monographs in Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae Luer, How to cultivate this species
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