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Wclsh Custonr Un(L ('1Ln(Lr L,:Rrv, I 150 L.L(Xl for Reform
1-r- ,l,,rlll ' r, lrl,. tttrtr.tl Wclsh Custonr un(l ('1ln(lr l,:rrv, I 150 l.l(Xl ,I rrr rllrllli | "rllr(lol I t, I rl ril,lr, , r,,ltrr \\(.t(.1,() by I Irrrv [)rycc , I rlr 1l',,ltlr,ll.lrott11l','1,,a ,,,1 r r,tlr,,ttlttt ( rllllll('ll'll()lll'lllrrotttilt l' I I \\lt't' tttlltt'('lrlolirrgiltn For reform-minded churchmen in thc lrvcllilr rrrrrl l, "'1"r rll' ltil'ittsltltvettotllccn thirteenth centuries, Welsh custom and canon law wcrc lvorltlr; I ,1,,t rr | "rrrl'rt'l' lrlrl lll( ll apart. Writing to the pope in the 1150s, Archbishop 'l hcobirltl ol ,, Lr L, l,,rrl llr t"llt' ttttt' 'llrrllltllrlllllll;lllclli)rttobcttcr cttslomary Canterbury alleged that the inhabitants of Gwynedd in nortlr , I r r * ltlr I r" "L rll r rrr\ l\'ll'lll(l\'()lllil)tlitytll'tlte post-Caolingian Wales were'ignorant of the divine and still more of canon law', l,rr ,,1 l, I rrrt' rrl.rr\ l)rllrll( 'lll()ll;ltttllltrlol'itlthe engaging in a slave trade with Ireland, bartering concubines, 'and ignoring the guilt of incest'. Moreover, this lamentable behaviour was as rife amongst the clergy as the laity.l Some twenty years later, at the provincial Council of Westminster in 1175, it was proposed that 'the Welsh should not sell churches nor give them in dower nor cling to their kinsfolk nor change wives'. Significantly, this proposition was not enacted in the council's legislation, perhaps because it was deemed unworkable.2 Likewise, at the end of the twelfth century Gerald of Wales noted the prevalence amongst the Welsh of incest, trial marriage, concubinage (reflected in the equal rights of inheritance granted to both illegitimate and legitimate children), the inheritance of ecclesiastical benefices and portionary churches.3 Such criticisms continued in the thirteenth century. -
(Public Pack)Agenda Dogfen I/Ar Gyfer Y
------------------------Pecyn dogfennau cyhoeddus ------------------------ Agenda - Y Pwyllgor Cydraddoldeb, Llywodraeth Leol a Chymunedau Lleoliad: I gael rhagor o wybodaeth cysylltwch a: Ystafell Bwyllgora 3 - Y Senedd Catherine Hunt Dyddiad: Dydd Mercher, 21 Tachwedd Clerc y Pwyllgor 2018 0300 200 6222 Amser: 09.00 [email protected] ------ Rhag-gyfarfod (09.00 – 09.15) 1 Cyflwyniad, ymddiheuriadau, dirprwyon a datgan buddiannau 2 Ymchwiliad i amrywiaeth ym maes llywodraeth leol: sesiwn dystiolaeth 1 (09.15 - 10.15) (Tudalennau 1 - 46) Y Cynghorydd Debbie Wilcox, Arweinydd Cymdeithas Llywodraeth Leol Cymru ac Arweinydd Casnewydd Daniel Hurford, Pennaeth Polisi, Cymdeithas Llywodraeth Leol Cymru Siân Williams, Pennaeth y Gwasanaethau Democrataidd, Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Conwy Paul Egan, Dirprwy Brif Weithredwr, Un Llais Cymru Egwyl (10.15 – 10.30) 3 Ymchwiliad i amrywiaeth ym maes llywodraeth leol: sesiwn dystiolaeth 2 (10.30 - 11.30) (Tudalennau 47 - 51) Jessica Blair, Cyfarwyddwr, ERS Cymru 4 Papurau i'w nodi (Tudalen 52) 4.1 Llythyr gan Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros Lywodraeth Leol a Gwasanaethau Cyhoeddus mewn perthynas â Chyllideb Ddrafft Llywodraeth Cymru 2019-20 (Tudalennau 53 - 58) 4.2 Ymchwiliad i amrywiaeth ym maes llywodraeth leol – dadansoddiad o’r arolwg (Tudalennau 59 - 78) 5 Cynnig o dan Reol Sefydlog 17.42 (vi) i wahardd y cyhoedd o weddill y cyfarfod 6 Ymchwiliad i amrywiaeth ym maes llywodraeth leol: trafod y dystiolaeth a gafwyd (11.30 - 11.40) 7 Craffu ar gyllideb ddrafft Llywodraeth Cymru 2019-20: trafod yr adroddiadau drafft (11.40 - 12.40) Yn rhinwedd paragraff(au) vi o Reol Sefydlog 17.42 Eitem 2 Mae cyfyngiadau ar y ddogfen hon Tudalen y pecyn 1 ELGC(5) -32 -18 Paper 1 Introduction 1. -
From Footnotes to Narrative
1 INTRODUCTION LANGUISHING IN THE FOOTNOTES: WOMEN AND WELSH MEDIEVAL HISTORIOGRAPHY The era known as the high Middle Ages, in particular the thirteenth century, was an epochal period for Wales. While the high Middle Ages was a period of cultural transformation in all of western Europe, in Wales it was also a time of great upheaval and complete change, which was to have a greater impact on Welsh society than was experienced by most other medieval societies. In fact, for some, the effects of this upheaval and change in Wales may be described as catastrophic. The thirteenth century has been called the ‘age of the Welsh Princes’. Under the leadership of the rulers of the house of Gwynedd, the Welsh achieved some measure of independence from their English overlords during this century. For a time the native Welsh princes were able to mitigate their characteristic unrelenting internal conflict and factionalism and unite against their Anglo-Norman oppressors.1 Fundamental changes which were to have an overwhelming effect on Wales took place in England during this period. For example, the end of the twelfth and beginning of the thirteenth centuries saw the gradual introduction of the English common law into England, much of which is still in use to this day. The ascension to the English throne in 1272 of Edward I, who unlike his two predecessors was a strong king, was another factor in this upheaval and change which took place in Wales. 1 K. Stokes, The Myth of Wales: Constructions of Ethnicity 1100-1300 (Monash: Monash Publications in History: 27, 1999), p.15. -
Introduction
Introduction By the second quarter of the twelfth century, when Tintern, Whitland and Margam, the first Cistercian abbeys in Wales, were founded, the Anglo- Norman aristocratic élite from which their founders were drawn had succeeded in establishing firm control over lowland Gwent, Glamorgan, Gower and Pembroke, but Whitland and Margam were located on the fringes of these areas in the frontier zones between them and adjoining territory remaining under de facto Welsh rule, and Anglo-Norman governance in these zones was ‘frequently skeletal, nominal or non- existent’1 and constantly being challenged by the Welsh. They were joined in 1147 by the two Welsh Savigniac abbeys, Neath and Basingwerk, which became Cistercian when the Order of Savigny merged with the Cistercian Order. Like Whitland and Margam, Neath was located in a frontier zone, and the Anglo-Norman hold on the area of north-east Wales in which Basingwerk was located was also tenuous by the time it became Cistercian. Following the assumption of the patronage of Whitland and its first daughter-house, Strata Florida, by Rhys ap Gruffudd, the Lord Rhys (d. 1197), after he had succeeded in re-establishing Welsh hegemony in the kingdom of Deheubarth in the 1150s, the filiation of Whitland, which by 1201 numbered a further six Cistercian abbeys distributed throughout the length and breadth of pura Wallia, became clearly identifiable as native Welsh abbeys with Welsh patrons, choir monks and political sympathies, whereas the other Cistercian foundations in Wales all had French or English mother houses and choir monks, maintained close connections with their Anglo-Norman patrons, and were unable to establish Welsh daughter 1 R.R. -
A Splendid Isolation
A Splendid Isolation A SPLENDID ISOLATION A Short History of English Nationalism Stephen Cooper Copyright Stephen Cooper, 2019, 2020 The right of Stephen Cooper to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. 1 A Splendid Isolation Messieurs, l'Angleterre est une île, et je devrais m'arrêter là. (Sirs, England is an Island, and I ought to leave it at that). André Siegfried (1875-1959). The story of the English Island-fortress and its progress towards nationhood is a stirring one. But that does not always make it good history. Malcolm Vale (in The Ancient Enemy, 2007). 2 A Splendid Isolation CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 THE ANGLO-SAXONS 2 AT THE HEART OF EUROPE 3 MERRIE ENGLAND 4 WAR & NATIONALISM 5 AGINCOURT 6 NATION STATE 7 REVOLUTION? 8 BRITISH WORTHIES 9 JOHN BULL 10 SPLENDID ISOLATION BIBLIOGRAPHY 3 A Splendid Isolation INTRODUCTION Two themes ran through conventional English historiography when I was young. The first was that England was coterminous with Britain. The second is that ‘we’ (that is the English, or British) were the best at everything (or the things that mattered) and that we had been uniquely fortunate amongst nations. This book is the story of my dawning realisation that each of these was a myth. I was born in 1948 in Manchester, and brought up in Liverpool, where it was still relevant whether you were Protestant or Catholic, and the question of why the monasteries were dissolved by Henry VIII was still a matter of lively debate at school (at least among those of us who thought that there was more to life than football). -
Historical Writing in Medieval Wales
Bangor University DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Historical writing in medieval Wales Jones, Owain Award date: 2013 Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 01. Oct. 2021 HISTORICAL WRITING IN MEDIEVAL WALES OWAIN WYN JONES Dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Bangor University 2013 I SUMMARY This study focusses on the writing of history in medieval Wales. Its starting-point is a series of historical texts in Middle Welsh which, from the second quarter of the fourteenth century, begin to appear together in manuscripts to form a continuous history, termed the Welsh Historical Continuum. The central component of this sequence is a translation of Geoffrey of Monmouth’s influential history of the Britons. The main questions of the first part of the thesis are when and why these historical texts were first combined, and to what degree this Welsh historiographical phenomenon reflects broader European trends. -
Y Cymmrodor " Will Be Issued Under Cover of One of the Numbers of Vol
17. e of tf)£ l^onourablc Sflcittg of Caiumroiroricrn FOR 1890—1. EDITED BY EGERTON PHILLIMORE. CONTENTS, V.\GE 1. The True Objects of Welsh Archteology. By J. W. Wili,is-Bukd, F.S.A. (with Notes by the Editor) 103 2. The Publication of Welsh Historical Records. By the Editor . 133 3. The Crofter System of the Western Isles of Scotland, and the Callernish Stoues of Lewis. By A. N. Palmer . .176 4. Henry Vaughan of Scethrog. By P. T. Palgeave . 190 5. The Proposed Umversity for Wales. By Principal T, F. Roberts 224 PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BV GILBERT & RIVINGTON, Limited, ST. JOHN'S HOUSE, CLERKENWELL, LONDON, E.G. THE J&onoiirnI)lf i^ofiftK of CKmmrolJ0nan. President. The Most Hon. The MARquESs of Bdte, K.T, Cottncil, Stephen Evans, J.P. {Chairman}. IsAMBARD Owen, M.D., M.A. Hugh Edwards. Egerton Phillimobe, M.A. E. Vincent Evans, Professo» John Rhys, M.A. William Evans. Professor T. W. Rhts-Davids> Ellis Griffith, M.A., LL.B. LL.D. J. Mild Griffith. Professor Frederick T- Roberts, R. Henry Jenkins. M.D., B.Sc. Maior-Geu. R, Owen Jones, R.E., H. Lloyb-Roberts. C.B. R. Arthur Roberts. David Lewis. Richard Roberts, B.A. Owen Lewis (Oivain Dyfed), 1). Lleuver Thomas, B.A. Howel W. Lloyd, M.A. Howel Thomas. Lewis Morris, M.A,, J.P. John Thomas (Pencerdd Gwalia), Alfred Nutt. W. Cave Thomas, F S.S. Edwar© Owen. Professor John Williams, M.D. ' Henry Owen, B.e.L.(Oxon.), T. Howell Williams, F.C.S. F.S.A. -
Welsh Tribal Law and Custom in the Middle Ages
THOMAS PETER ELLIS WELSH TRIBAL LAW AND CUSTOM IN THE MIDDLE AGES IN 2 VOLUMES VOLUME I DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF HYWEL DDA WHO RULED IN WALES A THOUSAND YEARS AGO AND WHO TO THIS DAY PERSONIFIES TO HIS PEOPLE LAW AND JUSTICE PREFACE ' THE history of Great Britain rises on a rock-bed of fi I. THE pages that follow contain an attempt at explain- Celtic institutions and customs. They (i. e, surveys, &c. ing the social and legal system under which the Welsh relating to Wales) elucidate the working of the tribal people lived in the last three or four centuries of indigenous system more completely than any other documents of European history.' (Sir Paul Vinogradoff, F.B.A., D.C.L., rule. Corpus Professor of Jurisprudence in the University of Such studies of that system as have hitherto been pub- Oxford : preface to the Survey of the Honour of Denbigh, lished have been confined, very largely, to explanations of 1334.) the tribal organization and of the tenure of the land, with ' Au point de vue intellectuel, les Lois sont le plus grand incidental references only to other important branches of titre de gloire des Gallois. L'Bminent jurisconsulte alle- the law. Many of these studies appear to have been coloured mand, Ferd. Walter, constate qu'8 ce point de vue les Gallois ont Jaiss6 bien loin derriere eux les autres peuples by the use of the so-called Triads of Dyfnwal Moelmud, du moyen %ge (Das aIte Wales, p. 354). Elles prouvent admittedly a compilation of the sixteenth or seventeenth chez eux une singuliere prkcision, une grande subtilit6 century, which have been regarded as embodying survivals d'esprit, et une singuliere aptitude B la spkculation philo- of the most ancient tradition. -
Flint: Understanding Urban Character Cadw Welsh Assembly Government Plas Carew Unit 5/7 Cefn Coed Parc Nantgarw Cardiff CF15 7QQ
Flint: Understanding Urban Character Cadw Welsh Assembly Government Plas Carew Unit 5/7 Cefn Coed Parc Nantgarw Cardiff CF15 7QQ Telephone: 01443 33 6000 Fax: 01443 33 6001 First published by Cadw 2009. ISBN 978-1-85760-270-8 Crown Copyright 2009. Cadw is the Welsh Assembly Government’s historic environment service, working for an accessible and well-protected historic environment for Wales. Flint: Understanding Urban Character 1 Acknowledgement In carrying out this study, Cadw grant-aided Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust to prepare a detailed report on the archaeology and history of Flint, including the definition and mapping of character areas and an assessment of archaeological potential. An edited version of the Trust's report forms the basis for the discussion of the history, topography and archaeological potential of Flint in this publication. The full report is available on the website of Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust. www.cpat.org.uk 2 Contents Introduction 7 The Character of Building 21 Aims of the study 7 The Chronology of Building 21 Patterns of Development 22 Historical Development 9 Building Materials 24 Building Types and Styles 26 Early History 9 Medieval Castle, Town and Countryside 10 The Town between 1500 and 1700 12 Character Areas 28 The Growth of the Town in the Modern Period 12 1. Flint Marsh 28 – Tourism 12 2. Aber Park 28 – Industrialization 13 3. Cornist Park 29 – Building in the Town 15 4. Castle Park 29 Urban Expansion: 1900 and After 16 5. Flint Castle 30 6. Castle Dyke Street – 30 Corporation Street Historical Topography 18 7. Town Centre 32 8. -
Northeastern Wales Between the Norman and Edwardian Conquests
The Making of a Frontier Society: Northeastern Wales between the Norman and Edwardian Conquests A Master’s Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School At the University of Missouri In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Masters of Arts By ALEXIS MILLER Lois Huneycutt, Thesis Supervisor DECEMBER, 2011 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled THE MAKING OF A FRONTIER SOCIETY: NORTHEASTERN WALES BETWEEN THE NORMAN AND EDWARDIAN CONQUESTS Presented by Alexis Miller A candidate for the degree of Masters of Arts And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Lois Huneycutt A. Mark Smith Soren Larsen ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Lois Huneycutt for her guidance and support and for helping me to sift through the research to find the people and the story of medieval northeastern Wales. I woud also like to thank Rebecca Jacobs-Pollez, Mark Singer, and Nina Verbanaz for reading and editing my work. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ iii List of Figures ...................................................................................................................... iv Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 2 The History of a Frontier .................................................................................................... -
C.1283 (Dissertation Submitted in Part Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Degree of M.A.)
Bangor University MASTERS BY RESEARCH Arbitration and Dispute Resolution in Wales During the Age of the Princes, c.1100 - c.1283 (Dissertation submitted in part fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of M.A.) McGuinness, Shaun Award date: 2012 Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 INTRODUCTION In recent years, arbitration, as a type of Alternative Dispute Resolution (‘ADR’), has been very much in vogue. Its perceived benefits of lower costs, the flexibility of procedure, combined with the ability of the parties to choose the arbitrators (who may be specialists in the particular field concerned), and the speedier resolution of disputes as well as the durability of settlements and awards have led many in the legal profession to consider it a better option than pursuing litigation through the courts. This dissertation will consider arbitration and dispute resolution in Wales during the Age of the Princes c.1100 – c.1283 based on a detailed analysis of the extant primary sources. -
Llandeilo, Carmarthenshire
Archaeology Wales 1257 Battle of Coed Llathen & Cymerau Llandeilo, Carmarthenshire Battlefield Survey By Chris E Smith BA (Hons) MA MIfA Report No. 1258 Prepared for: Archaeology Wales 1257 Battle of Coed Llathen & Cymerau Llandeilo, Carmarthenshire Battlefield Survey Prepared For: RCAHMW Edited by: Mark Houliston Authorised by: Mark Houliston Signed: Signed: Position: Managing Director Position: Managing Director Date: 1/9/14 Date: 03/09/2014 By Chris E Smith BA (Hons) MA MIfA Report No: 1258 Date: July 2014 Archaeology Wales Limited, Rhos Helyg, Cwm Belan, Llanidloes, Powys, SY18 6QF Tel: +44 (0) 1686 440371 Email: [email protected] CONTENTS 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Location and scope of work .......................................................................................... 2 2 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 2 2.1 Outline Requirements .................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Aims & Proposals.......................................................................................................... 2 2.3 Geology and topography ............................................................................................... 3 2.4 Archaeological and Historical Background .................................................................. 3