Welsh Localization Spreadsheet for the Crusader Kings 2 Mod "In Novo Iure"
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Luigne Breg and the Origins of the Uí Néill. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, Vol.117C, Pp.65-99
Gleeson P. (2017) Luigne Breg and the Origins of the Uí Néill. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, vol.117C, pp.65-99. Copyright: This is the author’s accepted manuscript of an article that has been published in its final definitive form by the Royal Irish Academy, 2017. Link to article: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3318/priac.2017.117.04 Date deposited: 07/04/2017 Newcastle University ePrints - eprint.ncl.ac.uk Luigne Breg and the origins of the Uí Néill By Patrick Gleeson, School of History, Classics and Archaeology, Newcastle University Email: [email protected] Phone: (+44) 01912086490 Abstract: This paper explores the enigmatic kingdom of Luigne Breg, and through that prism the origins and nature of the Uí Néill. Its principle aim is to engage with recent revisionist accounts of the various dynasties within the Uí Néill; these necessitate a radical reappraisal of our understanding of their origins and genesis as a dynastic confederacy, as well as the geo-political landsape of the central midlands. Consequently, this paper argues that there is a pressing need to address such issues via more focused analyses of local kingdoms and political landscapes. Holistic understandings of polities like Luigne Breg are fundamental to framing new analyses of the genesis of the Uí Néill based upon interdisciplinary assessments of landscape, archaeology and documentary sources. In the latter part of the paper, an attempt is made to to initiate a wider discussion regarding the nature of kingdoms and collective identities in early medieval Ireland in relation to other other regions of northwestern Europe. -
First Evidence of Farming Appears; Stone Axes, Antler Combs, Pottery in Common Use
BC c.5000 - Neolithic (new stone age) Period begins; first evidence of farming appears; stone axes, antler combs, pottery in common use. c.4000 - Construction of the "Sweet Track" (named for its discoverer, Ray Sweet) begun; many similar raised, wooden walkways were constructed at this time providing a way to traverse the low, boggy, swampy areas in the Somerset Levels, near Glastonbury; earliest-known camps or communities appear (ie. Hembury, Devon). c.3500-3000 - First appearance of long barrows and chambered tombs; at Hambledon Hill (Dorset), the primitive burial rite known as "corpse exposure" was practiced, wherein bodies were left in the open air to decompose or be consumed by animals and birds. c.3000-2500 - Castlerigg Stone Circle (Cumbria), one of Britain's earliest and most beautiful, begun; Pentre Ifan (Dyfed), a classic example of a chambered tomb, constructed; Bryn Celli Ddu (Anglesey), known as the "mound in the dark grove," begun, one of the finest examples of a "passage grave." c.2500 - Bronze Age begins; multi-chambered tombs in use (ie. West Kennet Long Barrow) first appearance of henge "monuments;" construction begun on Silbury Hill, Europe's largest prehistoric, man-made hill (132 ft); "Beaker Folk," identified by the pottery beakers (along with other objects) found in their single burial sites. c.2500-1500 - Most stone circles in British Isles erected during this period; pupose of the circles is uncertain, although most experts speculate that they had either astronomical or ritual uses. c.2300 - Construction begun on Britain's largest stone circle at Avebury. c.2000 - Metal objects are widely manufactured in England about this time, first from copper, then with arsenic and tin added; woven cloth appears in Britain, evidenced by findings of pins and cloth fasteners in graves; construction begun on Stonehenge's inner ring of bluestones. -
John Leland's Itinerary in Wales Edited by Lucy Toulmin Smith 1906
Introduction and cutteth them out of libraries, returning home and putting them abroad as monuments of their own country’. He was unsuccessful, but nevertheless managed to John Leland save much material from St. Augustine’s Abbey at Canterbury. The English antiquary John Leland or Leyland, sometimes referred to as ‘Junior’ to In 1545, after the completion of his tour, he presented an account of his distinguish him from an elder brother also named John, was born in London about achievements and future plans to the King, in the form of an address entitled ‘A New 1506, probably into a Lancashire family.1 He was educated at St. Paul’s school under Year’s Gift’. These included a projected Topography of England, a fifty volume work the noted scholar William Lily, where he enjoyed the patronage of a certain Thomas on the Antiquities and Civil History of Britain, a six volume Survey of the islands Myles. From there he proceeded to Christ’s College, Cambridge where he graduated adjoining Britain (including the Isle of Wight, the Isle of Man and Anglesey) and an B.A. in 1522. Afterwards he studied at All Souls, Oxford, where he met Thomas Caius, engraved map of Britain. He also proposed to publish a full description of all Henry’s and at Paris under Francis Sylvius. Royal Palaces. After entering Holy Orders in 1525, he became tutor to the son of Thomas Howard, Sadly, little or none of this materialised and Leland appears to have dissipated Duke of Norfolk. While so employed, he wrote much elegant Latin poetry in praise of much effort in seeking church advancement and in literary disputes such as that with the Royal Court which may have gained him favour with Henry VIII, for he was Richard Croke, who he claimed had slandered him. -
This Site © 2000, Dustin Evermore. to Navigate This Site, Click the Section
A Fuzion Fantasy role playing game by Dustin Evermore This site © 2000, Dustin Evermore. To navigate this site, click the section you want from the left frame, then select the chapter from the right frame. http://www.actionstudios.com/dol/index.html [4/4/2001 9:35:38 AM] History Religion Druids Saxon Religion Life in Britain The Otherworld http://www.actionstudios.com/dol/settingframe.html [4/4/2001 9:35:40 AM] HISTORY The history of the lands of Dawn of Legends is quite similar to the history of these lands of our world. However, there are some rather critical differences. The following outlines these. Ancient Times In the centuries B.C.E. (Before Common Era), the Celtic peoples populated much of Europe. Although the ancient Celts varied in description, they had a reasonably similar culture. The religion of the Celts in particular helped to unify tradition. The ancient druidic faith held the sum of all the Celt people’s knowledge and laws. The ancient druids generally maintained a neutrality in politics and gained impartiality in as judges of important social matters among the Celtic peoples. It has been said that a druid could stop a battle between warring tribes in these ancient times simply by walking between the armies. None challenged the authority and power of the druids. Coming of the Romans Boudicea, A Bard’s Tale The Romans line every hill, The conquests of Julius Ceasar targeted the druids as the nerve center and unifying force of Spears bright and deadly still, Blood red with silver shields, the Gallic Celts. -
Our Parish Grouping
St. Winifred was born in North Wales in the early seventh century and was of noble lineage, a descendant of early Welsh kings. Her mother’s brother was an abbot, St. Beuno, Abbot. From an early age, Winifred was instructed in the spiritual life by her uncle, and her sole desire was to dedicate herself to God and become a nun. She lived under St. Beuno’s care, near a chapel he had built in her native town of Abeluyc. The feastday of St. Winifred, virgin and martyr, is November 3. Saint Winifred Mission Statement OurWe the parishioners Parish of Saint Winifred are a communityGrouping that strives to give witness to Jesus Christ and embody His presence in the daily lives of those with whom we live. WeSaint live our faith withWinifred others through full participation in prayer rooted in the Sacred Liturgy of the Universal Roman Catholic Church. Prayer to Saint Winifred O Blessed and Holy St. Winifred, intercede for me before the Throne of God. Ease my troubles and cure my bodily illnesses. Give me the inspiration and courage to overcome rejections and hardships in my daily life. Amen. Saint Anne is the mother of the Blessed Virgin Mary and therefore grandmother of Our Lord. Not only is she significant in her relationship to Our Savior, but is commended as a saint in her own right for having raised her daughter Mary as a devout and holy Jew. The feastday of Saints Anne and Joachim, her husband, is July 26. Saint Anne Mission Statement Saint Anne Parish is an inviting and welcoming Catholic community where together we seek to proclaim and live the Gospel by loving and serving as Jesus teaches us to do. -
Al-Hirah, the Nasrids, and Their Legacy: New Perspectives on Late
Al-Ḥīrah, the Naṣrids, and Their Legacy: New Perspectives on Late Antique Iranian History Isabel Toral-Niehoffand Jesús Lorenzo Jiménez Abstract This paper argues that the famous conqueror ofal-Andalus, Mūsā ibn Nuṣayr, who originally came from ʿAyn al-Tamr, a town under the hege- mony ofNaṣrid al-Ḥīrah, transmitted aspects ofSasanian administrative practice to al-Andalus and hence to Europe, as evidenced by the taxation terms tasca and kafiz attested in Latin and Romance texts. This specific argument is embedded in a larger argument about cultural hybridity centering on the city ofal-Ḥīrah as a pre-Islamic and Islamic contact zone among cultures—Roman, Iranian, Arab; Christian, Muslim; tribal and urban. It thus links the processes oftransculturation observable in al-Ḥīrah with developments in the far edges ofthe Islamic world through the person ofthe conqueror Mūsā b. Nuṣayr. doi: 10.17613/3ty6-9y21 Mizan 3 (2018): 123–147 124 Isabel Toral-Niehoffand Jesús Lorenzo Jiménez Introduction Over the last decades, Late Antiquity has been increasingly appre- hended as a temporal category having its own significance, defined by the binding elements of empire and monotheism, and less as a period interpreted under the sign of antique decadence, as it was before.1 This reconceptualization has caused its timeline to be gradually extended right into the third/ninth and even the fourth/tenth century, leading to the inclusion of the Umayyad and (partially) the Abbasid Caliphate, to now be interpreted as forms of late antique monotheistic empire.2 Furthermore, the geographical focus has shifted towards including the areas located at the eastern and southern peripheries of the Roman Empire, whose peoples regularly interacted with Greco-Roman culture and participated in the gradual conversion to monotheistic religions. -
Advisory Visit Bodorgan Estate, Anglesey April 2012
Advisory Visit Bodorgan Estate, Anglesey April 2012 1.0 Introduction This report is the output of a site visit undertaken by Tim Jacklin of the Wild Trout Trust to the Bodorgan Estate, Anglesey on, 12th April, 2012. Comments in this report are based on observations on the day of the site visit and discussions with Tim Bowie (General Manager of the Estate), Holly Parry (local graduate of Bangor University), Billy Tweddle (Gamekeeper) and Ian Ferrier (experienced local angler). Normal convention is applied throughout the report with respect to bank identification, i.e. the banks are designated left hand bank (LHB) or right hand bank (RHB) whilst looking downstream. 2.0 Catchment and Fishery Overview Bodorgan Estate is on the south-west of the Isle of Anglesey, North Wales, and covers an area of approximately 15,000 acres. Within the Estate is Llyn Coron, a lake of approximately 90 acres (cover picture), which is within the catchment of the Afon Ffraw. The lake contains wild brown trout and sea trout which run the Ffraw. The lake is fished by a small syndicate (and day ticket anglers) and is occasionally stocked with farmed brown trout. The main focus of this advisory visit was the Afon Fraw, Llyn Coron and their tributaries. Also on the Estate is the Afon Caradog, a tributary of the Afon Crigyll which joins the sea at Rhosneigr. Sections of the Caradog were also inspected during this visit at Y Werthyr (SH373783) and Bryn Glas (SH372781). Information from the River Basin Management Plan (Water Framework Directive) published by Environment Agency Wales (EAW) is shown in the table below for the Crigyll catchment (including Afon Caradog) and for the Ffraw. -
Grants & Pledges Awarded Period: 30Th March 2017
Grants & Pledges Awarded Period: 30th March 2017 – 30th June 2017 Organisation Name Location Grant Amount Arts Hallé Concerts Society Manchester £300,000 Hospitalfield Angus £200,000 Polka Children's Theatre Ltd. London £150,000 Regent's Park Open Air Theatre London £100,000 English National Ballet School London £60,000 Trinity Community Arts Ltd Bristol £30,000 House of Illustration London £30,000 Seven Stories, The National Centre for Children's Newcastle upon Tyne £30,000 Books MAC Birmingham Birmingham £25,000 The Poetry Archive Stroud £25,000 Cardboard Citizens London £20,000 The Roche Court Educational Trust Salisbury £20,000 Artsadmin London £15,000 Daisi (Devon Arts in Schools Initiative) Exeter £15,000 Theatre Sans Frontieres Limited Hexham £10,000 St Paul's Arts Trust London £10,000 The People's Theatre Arts Group Newcastle upon Tyne £10,000 Music in the Round Sheffield £10,000 Reading Repertory Theatre Reading £10,000 St Albans International Organ Festival St. Albans £10,000 Kent Opera Lower Bourne £7,500 Fermynwoods Contemporary Art Ltd Thrapston £5,000 Seaham Music Academy Seaham £5,000 Maiden Voyage NI Ltd Belfast £5,000 Highlights Rural Touring Scheme Cumbria £5,000 Abram Wilson Foundation for Creative Arts London £3,500 The Lancastrian Theatre Organ Trust Macclesfield £3,000 Total Arts (27 items) £1,114,000 Community Pilotlight London £725,000 Royal Foundation of St Katharine London £75,000 North London Samaritans London £30,000 Scotswood Natural Community Garden Newcastle Upon Tyne £30,000 Clipstone Miners Welfare Community -
Princes of Gwynedd Guidebook
Princes of Gwynedd Guidebook Discover the legends of the mighty princes of Gwynedd in the awe-inspiring landscape of North Wales PRINCES OF GWYNEDD GUIDEBOOK Front Cover: Criccieth Castle2 © Princes of Gwynedd 2013 of © Princes © Cadw, Welsh Government (Crown Copyright) This page: Dolwyddelan Castle © Conwy County Borough Council PRINCES OF GWYNEDD GUIDEBOOK 3 Dolwyddelan Castle Inside this book Step into the dramatic, historic landscapes of Wales and discover the story of the princes of Gwynedd, Wales’ most successful medieval dynasty. These remarkable leaders were formidable warriors, shrewd politicians and generous patrons of literature and architecture. Their lives and times, spanning over 900 years, have shaped the country that we know today and left an enduring mark on the modern landscape. This guidebook will show you where to find striking castles, lost palaces and peaceful churches from the age of the princes. www.snowdoniaheritage.info/princes 4 THE PRINCES OF GWYNEDD TOUR © Sarah McCarthy © Sarah Castell y Bere The princes of Gwynedd, at a glance Here are some of our top recommendations: PRINCES OF GWYNEDD GUIDEBOOK 5 Why not start your journey at the ruins of Deganwy Castle? It is poised on the twin rocky hilltops overlooking the mouth of the River Conwy, where the powerful 6th-century ruler of Gwynedd, Maelgwn ‘the Tall’, once held court. For more information, see page 15 © Princes of Gwynedd of © Princes If it’s a photo opportunity you’re after, then Criccieth Castle, a much contested fortress located high on a headland above Tremadog Bay, is a must. For more information, see page 15 © Princes of Gwynedd of © Princes If you prefer a remote, more contemplative landscape, make your way to Cymer Abbey, the Cistercian monastery where monks bred fine horses for Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, known as Llywelyn ‘the Great’. -
(See P2) SURREY ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Registered Charity No: 272098 ISSN 0585-9980 SURREY ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY CASTLE ARCH, GUILDFORD GU1 3SX Tel: 01483 532454 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.surreyarchaeology.org.uk Bulletin 471 December 2018 HAVE YOUR SAY ON SURREY HERITAGE’S FUTURE (see p2) Council News Consultation on proposed cut-back at Surrey History Centre David Bird Surrey County Council is proposing very signifi- cant cuts to several services including those provided by the Library and Cultural Service Department. The cost of running Surrey History Centre is met within the Library and Cultural Services Department and the proposed cut in the annual budget for the whole department from £8.7m to £4.0m would, if implemented, have a dramatic effect on every aspect including Surrey History Centre. Many of us work with or make use of the Surrey County Council services under review and know the quality of the staff and how greatly research by ourselves and others will be affected if the proposed cuts go ahead. It would be a sad state of affairs if a county such as our own cannot adequately provide services such as these that enhance the quality of life and sense of place for all our residents and visitors. Please take the time to read the details of the consultation and, if you are willing, use link below to respond: www.surreysays.co.uk/legal-and-democratic-services/libraries The further link to the on-line consultation is at the bottom of the ‘Have your say’ page you first reach. You will find several questions are about libraries but the write-in spaces in sections 2.1 and 4.3 give you the chance to say what you think about Heritage. -
Ynys Môn / Anglesey West (OS Sheet 115) – Gentle Ride – 27 Miles (+ 4 Mile Optional Extension to Beach.)
Ynys Môn / Anglesey West (OS sheet 115) – Gentle ride – 27 miles (+ 4 mile optional extension to beach.) Leaving through the Botanic garden and crossing the Menai Suspension bridge this ride follows lanes and cycle ways visiting some of the beaches of West Anglesey and (well worth a visit) the Marquis of Anglesey’s Column. From the Môn end of the bridge the route leaves Porthaethwy / Menai Bridge up a steady hill and continues along Sustrans Route 8 through Llanddaniel Fab towards Dwyran and the White Lodge cafe at GR 431650. Continuing along the A4080 to Newborough / Niwbwrch it is possible to extend the ride to the beautiful beach of Traeth Llanddwyn Beach - a return trip of 4 miles. (Details on route sheet.) Returning via the Malltraeth estuary and the Lon Las Cefni cycle path across the marsh it then follows the old A5 (little traffic nowadays) to *Llanfair Pwllgwyngyll (shops, cafes, toilets in ‘James Pringle Weavers’). From here the road becomes busier passing the Marquis of Anglesey’s Column – small charge – until the Suspension Bridge leads back to the campsite. *Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch (St. Mary’s Church in a hollow by the white hazel near the rapid whirlpool and St. Tysilio’s Church by the red cave. if you must!!) Ynys Môn / Anglesey West (OS sheet 114) – Touring ride – 45 miles Leaving through the Botanic Garden and crossing the Menai Suspension bridge this ride follows the lanes and cycle ways of West and Central Anglesey viewing coast and countryside and returns via the market town of Llangefni. From the Môn end of the bridge the route leaves Porthaethwy / Menai Bridge up a steady hill, over the Four Crosses roundabout and continues along Sustrans Route 8 through Llanddaniel Fab towards Dwyran and the White Lodge cafe. -
A Welsh Classical Dictionary
A WELSH CLASSICAL DICTIONARY DACHUN, saint of Bodmin. See s.n. Credan. He has been wrongly identified with an Irish saint Dagan in LBS II.281, 285. G.H.Doble seems to have been misled in the same way (The Saints of Cornwall, IV. 156). DAGAN or DANOG, abbot of Llancarfan. He appears as Danoc in one of the ‘Llancarfan Charters’ appended to the Life of St.Cadog (§62 in VSB p.130). Here he is a clerical witness with Sulien (presumably abbot) and king Morgan [ab Athrwys]. He appears as abbot of Llancarfan in five charters in the Book of Llandaf, where he is called Danoc abbas Carbani Uallis (BLD 179c), and Dagan(us) abbas Carbani Uallis (BLD 158, 175, 186b, 195). In these five charters he is contemporary with bishop Berthwyn and Ithel ap Morgan, king of Glywysing. He succeeded Sulien as abbot and was succeeded by Paul. See Trans.Cym., 1948 pp.291-2, (but ignore the dates), and compare Wendy Davies, LlCh p.55 where Danog and Dagan are distinguished. Wendy Davies dates the BLD charters c.A.D.722 to 740 (ibid., pp.102 - 114). DALLDAF ail CUNIN COF. (Legendary). He is included in the tale of ‘Culhwch and Olwen’ as one of the warriors of Arthur's Court: Dalldaf eil Kimin Cof (WM 460, RM 106). In a triad (TYP no.73) he is called Dalldaf eil Cunyn Cof, one of the ‘Three Peers’ of Arthur's Court. In another triad (TYP no.41) we are told that Fferlas (Grey Fetlock), the horse of Dalldaf eil Cunin Cof, was one of the ‘Three Lovers' Horses’ (or perhaps ‘Beloved Horses’).