DOCSLIB.ORG

The Enactment of Religious Conversion in Medieval and Early Modern European Saint Plays

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Enactment of Religious Conversion in Medieval and Early Modern European Saint Plays Transformed Within, Transformed Without: The Enactment of Religious Conversion in Medieval and Early Modern European Saint Plays Emily Ciavarella Kuntz Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2020 © 2020 Emily Ciavarella Kuntz All Rights Reserved Abstract Transformed Within, Transformed Without: The Enactment of Religious Conversion in Medieval and Early Modern European Saint Plays Emily Ciavarella Kuntz My dissertation investigates the ways in which both medieval and early modern saint plays depict and incite religious conversion through self-aware theatrical techniques. In each of my chapters, I examine one or two popular saint plays from a given period and area (medieval England, medieval France, early modern Spain, and early modern England) and show how each play invites the audience to undergo a spiritual shift parallel to that of the saint protagonist. These playmakers harnessed the affective power and technology of theatrical performance to invite the audience to engage with performed religious conversion in a controlled, celebratory environment and to encourage them to convert toward a more deeply felt Christianity. The plays reconfigured the audience’s sensory and intellectual understanding of Christian theology in order for the audience to recognize spiritual truth within an inherently communal, participatory, and performative space. The plays I examine depend on the audience’s familiarity with theatrical culture and practice in order to distinguish between sincere and insincere religious performance. By making the process of conversion a theatrical performance onstage, these plays could advocate for the theatrical medium as a genuine and effective catalyst for spiritual renewal. In addition to joining the conversation on the nature and goals of early European theatre, my dissertation also argues for the continued intersection between performance studies and conversion studies, demonstrating the ways in which theatrical performance elucidates the ways in which communities can instigate and collectively feel conversion. Table of Contents Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Introduction: Converting by Play.................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1: Performing the Internal, Internalizing the Performance: The Digby Mary Magdalene, The Digby Conversion of Saint Paul, and Theatrical Conversion in The Medieval English Saint Play ............................................................................................................................................... 19 1.1 The Medieval English Saint Play ........................................................................................ 19 1.2 Saint Paul and the Journey to Joy ...................................................................................... 23 1.3 Mary Magdalene and Conversion, Inward and Outward .................................................... 35 1.4 Mary Magdalene, Conversion and Theatrical Pretense ...................................................... 43 1.5 Conclusion: Living Models................................................................................................. 53 Chapter 2: Converting Relics Onstage in Le Mistere de Saint Quentin ....................................... 55 2.1 Bodies and Saints ............................................................................................................... 55 2.2 Conversion in Saint Quentin ............................................................................................... 59 2.3 Relics, Reliquaries, and Material Rejuvenation .................................................................. 66 2.4 Relics Unrealized ................................................................................................................ 70 2.5 Saint Quentin, Prop Relics, and Theatricality as Reliquary ................................................ 74 2.6 Conclusion: The Converting Community ........................................................................... 82 Chapter 3: Sacred Through Secular, Saint Through Actor: The Genre Conversions of Lope de Vega’s Lo fingido verdadero and El niño inocente de la Guardia ............................................... 88 3.1 Saints in the Early Modern Playhouse ................................................................................ 88 3.2 Lope de Vega, the comedia, and the comedia de santos .................................................... 90 i 3.3 The anxieties of metatheatrical conversion......................................................................... 93 3.4 Ginés’ Conversion in Lo fingido verdadero ....................................................................... 95 3.5 Genre Conversion in Lo fingido verdadero ........................................................................ 98 3.6 Child’s Playing in El niño inocente .................................................................................. 112 3.7 When God Takes the Stage ............................................................................................... 119 3.8 Conclusion: The Saint’s Play and the Theatre of Conversion .......................................... 126 Chapter 4: Communion of Plays: A Shoemaker A Gentleman, The Virgin Martyr, and Saintly Conversion on the Early Modern English Stage ......................................................................... 130 4.1 The Red Bull's Saint Plays ................................................................................................ 130 4.2 Saints and Early Modern England .................................................................................... 134 4.3 A Shoemaker a Gentleman and Christianization Through Friendship.............................. 137 4.4 The Virgin Martyr and Super/Natural Conversion ........................................................... 151 4.5 Conclusion: Seeing Together ............................................................................................ 166 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 168 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................... 174 ii Acknowledgments I would first like to thank my dissertation committee: Julie Stone Peters, William B. Worthen, and Eleanor Johnson. I am deeply grateful for their support, guidance, and good humor over my six years of graduate school. I would also like to thank my additional readers, Patricia Grieve and Erika Lin, for their time and astute comments. My time at Columbia was shaped first and foremost by my graduate student peers in the Theatre and Performance department who proved to be not only a great group of thinkers but also a great group of people. I especially want to thank Danielle Drees, Warren Kluber, Emily Madison, Taarini Mookherjee, Annie Potter, Rosa Schneider, Anna Waller, and Buck Wanner for their insights and friendship. I would also like to give a special shout-out to my friends in English and Comparative Literature, Kimberly Takahata and Li Qi Peh, who along with Danielle Drees constituted the dissertation writing group that kept me accountable and above all sane. Early on in my dissertation writing process, I was hired by the Columbia Writing Center to help Columbia’s student writers. This job introduced me to an invaluable community of passionate writers and pedagogues that proved crucial to developing my own ideas. Kip Adams and I talked through my dissertation each week over multiple semesters, and it truly made all the difference. Finally, I want to thank my parents, my sister, and above all my husband Andrew for their unwavering belief in me from day one. iii Introduction: Converting by Play In the Middle English A Tretise of Miraclis Pleyinge (1380-1425), the authors denounce the seemingly common practice of “miraclis pleyinge,” where miracles or other religious scenes are represented “in gamen and pley.” The exact practices are not clear and could refer to a variety of theatrical practices with religious subject matters.1 In any case, these practices were prevalent enough to inspire the authors, who appear to be proto-Protestant Lollards, to speak out against them as idolatrous vanities. In order to make their case, the authors construct a semi- dialogue in which they outline the cases for “miraclis pleyinge” in order to refute them. Ironically, in writing this treatise, the authors provided theatre historians with an invaluable resource into the intentions of a Middle English playmaker and playgoer. Chief among those arguments is the belief that not only theatrical performances could be effective catalysts for conversion, but also that they were potentially more effective than “ernest” action: Ther ben men that only by ernestful doinge wilen be convertid to God, so ther been othere men that wilen not be convertid to God but by gamen and pley. And now on dayes men ben not convertid by the ernestful doing of God ne of men, thannne now it is time and skilful to assayen to conveertyn the puple by pley and gamen as by miraclis pleyinge and other maner mirthes. [Just as are men that are only converted to God by earnest action,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Mayor and Early Lollard Dissemination
    University of Central Florida STARS HIM 1990-2015 2012 The mayor and early Lollard dissemination Angel Gomez University of Central Florida Part of the Medieval History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses1990-2015 University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIM 1990-2015 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Gomez, Angel, "The mayor and early Lollard dissemination" (2012). HIM 1990-2015. 1774. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses1990-2015/1774 THE MAYOR AND EARLY LOLLARD DISSEMINATION by ANGEL GOMEZ A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors in the Major Program in History in the College of Arts and Humanities and in The Burnett Honors College at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2012 Thesis Chair: Dr. Emily Graham Abstract During the fourteenth century in England there began a movement referred to as Lollardy. Throughout history, Lollardy has been viewed as a precursor to the Protestant Reformation. There has been a long ongoing debate among scholars trying to identify the extent of Lollard beliefs among the English. Attempting to identify who was a Lollard has often led historians to look at the trial records of those accused of being Lollards. One aspect overlooked in these studies is the role civic authorities, like the mayor of a town, played in the heresy trials of suspected Lollards.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Early Theatre 9.2 Issues in Review Lucy Munro, Anne Lancashire, John Astington, and Marta Straznicky Popular Theatre and the Red Bull Governing the Pen to the Capacity of the Stage: Reading the Red Bull and Clerkenwell In his introduction to Early Theatre’s Issues in Review segment ‘Reading the Elizabethan Acting Companies’, published in 2001, Scott McMillin called for an approach to the study of early modern drama which takes theatre companies as ‘the organizing units of dramatic production’. Such an approach will, he suggests, entail reading plays ‘more fully than we have been trained to do, taking them not as authorial texts but as performed texts, seeing them as collaborative endeavours which involve the writers and dozens of other theatre people, and placing the staged plays in a social network to which both the players and audiences – perhaps even the playwrights – belonged’.1 We present here a variation on this approach: three essays that focus on the Red Bull theatre and its Clerkenwell locality. Rather than focusing on individual companies, we take the playhouse and location as our organising principle. Nonetheless, we are dealing with precisely the kind of decentring activity that McMillin had in mind, examining early drama through collaborative performance, through performance styles and audience taste, and through the presentation of a theatrical repertory in print. Each essay deals with a different ‘social network’: Anne Lancashire re-examines the evidence for the London Clerkenwell play, a multi-day biblical play performed by clerks in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries; John Astington takes a look at acting traditions and repertory composition at the Red Bull and its fellow in the northern suburbs, Golden Lane’s Fortune playhouse; and Marta Straznicky looks at questions relating to the audience for Red Bull plays in the playhouse and the print-shop.
    [Show full text]
  • Wyclif and Lollardy
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department Classics and Religious Studies 2001 Wyclif and Lollardy Stephen E. Lahey University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/classicsfacpub Part of the Classics Commons Lahey, Stephen E., "Wyclif and Lollardy" (2001). Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department. 82. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/classicsfacpub/82 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Classics and Religious Studies at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in The Medieval Theologians, edited by G. R. Evans (Blackwell, 2001), pp. 334-354. Copyright © 2001 Blackwell Publishers. Used by permission. Wyclif and Lollardy Stephen Lahey John Wyclif’s place in the history of Christian ideas varies according to the historian’s interest. As scholastic theology, Wyclif’s thought appears an heretical epilogue to the glories of the systematic innovations of the thirteenth century. Historians of the Prot- estantism, on the other hand, characterize him as a pioneer, the “Morning Star of the Reformation,” acknowledging
    [Show full text]
  • Our Parish Grouping
    St. Winifred was born in North Wales in the early seventh century and was of noble lineage, a descendant of early Welsh kings. Her mother’s brother was an abbot, St. Beuno, Abbot. From an early age, Winifred was instructed in the spiritual life by her uncle, and her sole desire was to dedicate herself to God and become a nun. She lived under St. Beuno’s care, near a chapel he had built in her native town of Abeluyc. The feastday of St. Winifred, virgin and martyr, is November 3. Saint Winifred Mission Statement OurWe the parishioners Parish of Saint Winifred are a communityGrouping that strives to give witness to Jesus Christ and embody His presence in the daily lives of those with whom we live. WeSaint live our faith withWinifred others through full participation in prayer rooted in the Sacred Liturgy of the Universal Roman Catholic Church. Prayer to Saint Winifred O Blessed and Holy St. Winifred, intercede for me before the Throne of God. Ease my troubles and cure my bodily illnesses. Give me the inspiration and courage to overcome rejections and hardships in my daily life. Amen. Saint Anne is the mother of the Blessed Virgin Mary and therefore grandmother of Our Lord. Not only is she significant in her relationship to Our Savior, but is commended as a saint in her own right for having raised her daughter Mary as a devout and holy Jew. The feastday of Saints Anne and Joachim, her husband, is July 26. Saint Anne Mission Statement Saint Anne Parish is an inviting and welcoming Catholic community where together we seek to proclaim and live the Gospel by loving and serving as Jesus teaches us to do.
    [Show full text]
  • Grants & Pledges Awarded Period: 30Th March 2017
    Grants & Pledges Awarded Period: 30th March 2017 – 30th June 2017 Organisation Name Location Grant Amount Arts Hallé Concerts Society Manchester £300,000 Hospitalfield Angus £200,000 Polka Children's Theatre Ltd. London £150,000 Regent's Park Open Air Theatre London £100,000 English National Ballet School London £60,000 Trinity Community Arts Ltd Bristol £30,000 House of Illustration London £30,000 Seven Stories, The National Centre for Children's Newcastle upon Tyne £30,000 Books MAC Birmingham Birmingham £25,000 The Poetry Archive Stroud £25,000 Cardboard Citizens London £20,000 The Roche Court Educational Trust Salisbury £20,000 Artsadmin London £15,000 Daisi (Devon Arts in Schools Initiative) Exeter £15,000 Theatre Sans Frontieres Limited Hexham £10,000 St Paul's Arts Trust London £10,000 The People's Theatre Arts Group Newcastle upon Tyne £10,000 Music in the Round Sheffield £10,000 Reading Repertory Theatre Reading £10,000 St Albans International Organ Festival St. Albans £10,000 Kent Opera Lower Bourne £7,500 Fermynwoods Contemporary Art Ltd Thrapston £5,000 Seaham Music Academy Seaham £5,000 Maiden Voyage NI Ltd Belfast £5,000 Highlights Rural Touring Scheme Cumbria £5,000 Abram Wilson Foundation for Creative Arts London £3,500 The Lancastrian Theatre Organ Trust Macclesfield £3,000 Total Arts (27 items) £1,114,000 Community Pilotlight London £725,000 Royal Foundation of St Katharine London £75,000 North London Samaritans London £30,000 Scotswood Natural Community Garden Newcastle Upon Tyne £30,000 Clipstone Miners Welfare Community
    [Show full text]
  • The Life of Saint Paul of the Cross Founder of the Congregation of the Cross and Passion
    The Life of Saint Paul of the Cross Founder of the Congregation of the Cross and Passion 1694-1775 Volume 1 – 1694-1741 Father Louis Therese of Jesus Agonizing, C.P. 1873 Fr. Simon Woods, C.P. (Translated from the third French Edition) 1959 (INDEX TO VOLUME ONE ON FINAL PAGES) DEDICATION to HIS EMINENCE FERDINAND CARDINAL DONNET Archbishop of Bordeaux Your Eminence, The Life of Saint Paul of the Cross, which it is my privilege to dedicate to you, may rightfully be called your very own. Without your Eminence the work may not have been completed, and I may never have realized the idea that I had in mind for a very long time. It is then the humble fruit of a tree planted by your own hands in the vineyard confided to your care by the Heavenly Father. It was when your Eminence was in Rome for the Beatification of our holy Founder that you obtained from His Holiness Pope Pius IX the sons of Saint Paul of the Cross for your Archdiocese… And, if this little family was welcome and took its humble beginnings in the fruitful soil of France under your protection and guidance, is it not due to your paternal interest and initiative? Soon, it is true, a learned and zealous clergy imitated your zeal; but in those days of supreme struggle, of unceasing conflict against the rights of the Church, your Eminence realized that it is necessary that zeal be united with learning, especially when the war “against the Lord and his Christ” becomes so universal.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Heretical Self-Defence in the Middle Ages
    Heretical Self-Defence in the Middle Ages: Text, Law, Subterfuge, Flight and Arms University of Nottingham Abstracts Session 1: Late-antique and early-medieval Models ‘North African Donatism: Fighting against the heretical assimilation’ Carles Buenecasa Perez, University of Barcelona Donatism was nothing but a schism, and its theology was not so different from Catholicism. That’s why, in Africa, Donatism was widely widespread. Catholic bishops decided that, demonstrating to the emperors that Donatism was an heresy, they could impose on Donatists the strict legislation against heretics. Augustine of Hippo has played a significant role in this process, and the arguments he used were multiple. First of all, the bishop of Hippo developed thelogical and ecclesiological concepts, like the uselessness of the baptism given by those who are out of the Church, the lack of theological fundament for rebaptism, etc. Equally, he carried out a deep historical research to remind the Donatists the origins of their own schism (several lies behind the election of Cecilianus, the innocence of Felix of Abthugni...), and to denounce Donatists’s violences (the rupture of ecclesiastical unity, circoncellions’s assassinations...). Then, once Catholic bishops had proved the heretical condition of Donatism, imperial power could promulgate several edicts for its repression from 405. Donatists felt very mistreated by their opponents so they reacted in many and diverse ways. The only problem is that most of our sources are the Catholic ones, so there are not too much objectives. Augustine insists in the fact that the main Donatist reaction was violence agaisnt catholics, but can we really admit this? ‘Gottschalk of Orbais: the quest for Gottschalk’s models’ Bojana Radovanović, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Institut für Mittelalterforschung ‘Heretical self-defence in the Pseudo-Dionysius’ Alan P.
    [Show full text]
  • Sacred Places Europe: 108 Destinations
    Reviews from Sacred Places Around the World “… the ruins, mountains, sanctuaries, lost cities, and pilgrimage routes held sacred around the world.” (Book Passage 1/2000) “For each site, Brad Olsen provides historical background, a description of the site and its special features, and directions for getting there.” (Theology Digest Summer, 2000) “(Readers) will thrill to the wonderful history and the vibrations of the world’s sacred healing places.” (East & West 2/2000) “Sites that emanate the energy of sacred spots.” (The Sunday Times 1/2000) “Sacred sites (to) the ruins, sanctuaries, mountains, lost cities, temples, and pilgrimage routes of ancient civilizations.” (San Francisco Chronicle 1/2000) “Many sacred places are now bustling tourist and pilgrimage desti- nations. But no crowd or souvenir shop can stand in the way of a traveler with great intentions and zero expectations.” (Spirituality & Health Summer, 2000) “Unleash your imagination by going on a mystical journey. Brad Olsen gives his take on some of the most amazing and unexplained spots on the globe — including the underwater ruins of Bimini, which seems to point the way to the Lost City of Atlantis. You can choose to take an armchair pilgrimage (the book is a fascinating read) or follow his tips on how to travel to these powerful sites yourself.” (Mode 7/2000) “Should you be inspired to make a pilgrimage of your own, you might want to pick up a copy of Brad Olsen’s guide to the world’s sacred places. Olsen’s marvelous drawings and mysterious maps enhance a package that is as bizarre as it is wonderfully acces- sible.
    [Show full text]
  • 51St International Congress on Medieval Studies
    51st lntemational Congress on Medieval Studies May 12-15,2016 51st International Congress on Medieval Studies May 12–15, 2016 Medieval Institute College of Arts and Sciences Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5432 wmich.edu/medieval 2016 Table of Contents Welcome Letter iii Registration iv-v On-Campus Housing vi Off-Campus Accommodations vii Travel viii Driving and Parking ix Food x-xi Campus Shuttles xii Construction xiii Hotel Shuttles xiv Hotel Shuttle Schedules xv Facilities xvi Logistics xvii Varia xviii Lecture/Performance xix Exhibits Hall xx Exhibitors xxi Plenary Lectures xxii Advance Notice—2017 Congress xxiii The Congress: How It Works xxiv Travel Awards xxv Richard Rawlinson Center xxvi Center for Cistercian and Monastic Studies xxvii M.A. Program in Medieval Studies xxviii Medieval Institute Affiliated Faculty xxix Medieval Institute Publications xxx–xxxi About Western Michigan University xxxii Endowment and Gift Funds xxxiii The Otto Gründler Book Prize xxxiv 2016 Congress Schedule of Events 1–175 Index of Sponsoring Organizations 177–183 Index of Participants 185–205 List of Advertisers A-1 Advertising A-2 – A-48 Maps M-1 – M-7 ii The Medieval Institute College of Arts and Sciences Dear Colleague, Summer passed with the Call for Papers; fall came with a change of colors to Kalamazoo and the organization of sessions; we are now in winter here at Western Michigan University, starting to look forward to the spring and the arrival of you, our fellow medievalists, to the 51st International Congress on Medieval Studies. The Valley III cafeteria and adjoining rooms will host booksellers and vendors; cafeteria meals will be served in Valley II’s dining hall.
    [Show full text]
  • Life of St. Vincent Ferrer
    THE FRIAR SAINTS SERIES Editors for the Franciscan Lives The Very Rev. Fr. OSMUND, O.F.M., Provincial, and C. M, ANTONY Editors for the Dominican Lives The Rev. Fr. BEDE JARRETT, O.P., and C. M. ANTONY ST. VINCENT FERRER, O.P. Ttivc* of tbe Triar Saints Editors for the Franciscan Lives : The Very Rev. Fr. PROVINCIAL, O.F.M., and C. M. ANTONY. Editors for the Dominican Lives : The Rev. Fr. BEDE JARRETT, O.P., and C. M. ANTONY. Dominican. Franciscan. St. Thomas Aquinas. By St. Bonaventure. By Fr. Fr. PLACID CONWAY, O. P. LAURENCE COSTELLOE, O.F.M. St. Vincent Ferrer. By St. Antony of Padua. By Fr. STANISLAUS HOGAN, C. M. ANTONY, O.P. The four volumes as above are issued in cloth, price is. 6d. each, also in leather, price 25. 6d. net each. St. Pius V. By C. M. St. John Capistran. By ANTONY. Fr. VI NCENT FITZ- [In the Press. GERALD, O.F.M. [In preparation. The following volumes have also been proposed : St. Antoninus of Florence. St. Bernardine of Siena. By Fr. BEDE JARRETT, By Miss M. WARD. O.P. St. Raymond of Penna- St. Leonard of Port- fort. By Fr. THOMAS Maurice. By Fr. ALEX- SCHWERTNER, O.P. ANDER MURPHY, O.F.M. St. Louis Bertrand. By St. Peter of Alcantara. By the Rev. Mother MARY Fr. EGBERT CARROL, REGINALD, O.S.D. O.F.M. LONGMANS, GREEN AND CO., 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON, NEW YORK, BOMBAY AND CALCUTTA. SAINT VINCENT FERRER O.P. FR. STANISLAUS M. HOGAN, O.P. WITH FOUR ILLUSTRATIONS A .
    [Show full text]
  • A'tough' 95-Year-Oldwomanis Ehipper After Herrisky Surgery
    •••?. •V / - • t~ '•• iPage 20 CRANFORD (N.J.) CHRONICLE Thursday, April 19, 1984 Garwood selects Kenilworth candidates... candidates... honor brook flap... house roll*..award for for retarded... honor secretary... page 17 roll..page 16 JUST LISTED Serving .Cranford, Kenilworth and Garwood QUIET AND PEflCEFUL • VOL. 92 No. 17 Published Every Thursday Thursday, April 26719S4 USPS 136 800 Second Class Postage Paid Cranford, N.J. 25 CENTS Sparkling Split Level In Brief in CHS[choir'poised forEurope Squad drive to run committee For the first time in three years 1 Vincent h. Brinkerhoff, a retired graduated from Cranford High School-in the Cranford First Aid Squad will police lieutenant, and Paul LaCorto, a 1938 and fought in the Pacific as a I hold a fund drive. The primary goal: local builder and developer, will run for marine in World War II. He worked for purchase of two new ambulances to Township Committee as Republicans. 1 General Motors beTo're and after the war replace the rigs mat are now 5% Nancy Lawrence, the Republican and became a policeman, in 1947. He IN-TOWN CONVENIENCE | years old. Donations will be ac- municipal chairman, said the pair was retired three years ago. In a beautiful location. Living room, dining room, ultra cepted by mail or at the squad We have just listed .this charming older Colonial, conven- [ picked this week by the party's can- LaCorte, 31, is a Cranford native who setting for this custom built.J7_year-;young home in levels. modern kitchen, fabulous 1st floor family roorrfw/llqor- building on Centennial Avenue.
    [Show full text]
  • Viewing Heaven: Rock Crystal, Reliquaries, and Transparency in Fourteenth-Century Aachen Claire Kilgore University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected]
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity, Art, Art History and Design, School of School of Art, Art History and Design 5-2017 Viewing Heaven: Rock Crystal, Reliquaries, and Transparency in Fourteenth-Century Aachen Claire Kilgore University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/artstudents Part of the Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture Commons, Architectural History and Criticism Commons, Catholic Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, European History Commons, History of Christianity Commons, History of Religion Commons, Liturgy and Worship Commons, Medieval History Commons, Medieval Studies Commons, Metal and Jewelry Arts Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, Other Philosophy Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Kilgore, Claire, "Viewing Heaven: Rock Crystal, Reliquaries, and Transparency in Fourteenth-Century Aachen" (2017). Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity, School of Art, Art History and Design. 121. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/artstudents/121 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Art, Art History and Design, School of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity, School of Art, Art History and Design by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. VIEWING HEAVEN: ROCK CRYSTAL, RELIQUARIES, AND TRANSPARENCY IN FOURTEENTH-CENTURY AACHEN By Claire Kilgore A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts Major: Art History Under the Supervision of Professor Alison Stewart Lincoln, Nebraska May, 2017 VIEWING HEAVEN: ROCK CRYSTAL, RELIQUARIES, AND TRANSPARENCY IN FOURTEENTH-CENTURY AACHEN Claire Kilgore, M.A.
    [Show full text]