DOCSLIB.ORG

Rhodochrosite Gems Unstable Colouration of Padparadscha-Like

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rhodochrosite Gems Unstable Colouration of Padparadscha-Like Volume 36 / No. 4 / 2018 Effect of Blue Fluorescence on the Colour Appearance of Diamonds Rhodochrosite Gems The Hope Diamond Unstable Colouration of in London Padparadscha-like Sapphires Volume 36 / No. 4 / 2018 Cover photo: Rhodochrosite is prized as both mineral specimens and faceted stones, which are represented here by ‘The Snail’ (5.5 × 8.6 cm, COLUMNS from N’Chwaning, South Africa) and a 40.14 ct square-cut gemstone from the Sweet Home mine, Colorado, USA. For more on rhodochrosite, see What’s New 275 the article on pp. 332–345 of this issue. Specimens courtesy of Bill Larson J-Smart | SciAps Handheld (Pala International/The Collector, Fallbrook, California, USA); photo by LIBS Unit | SYNTHdetect XL | Ben DeCamp. Bursztynisko, The Amber Magazine | CIBJO 2018 Special Reports | De Beers Diamond ARTICLES Insight Report 2018 | Diamonds — Source to Use 2018 The Effect of Blue Fluorescence on the Colour 298 Proceedings | Gem Testing Appearance of Round-Brilliant-Cut Diamonds Laboratory (Jaipur, India) By Marleen Bouman, Ans Anthonis, John Chapman, Newsletter | IMA List of Gem Stefan Smans and Katrien De Corte Materials Updated | Journal of Jewellery Research | ‘The Curse Out of the Blue: The Hope Diamond in London 316 of the Hope Diamond’ Podcast | By Jack M. Ogden New Diamond Museum in Antwerp Rhodochrosite Gems: Properties and Provenance 332 278 By J. C. (Hanco) Zwaan, Regina Mertz-Kraus, Nathan D. Renfro, Shane F. McClure and Brendan M. Laurs Unstable Colouration of Padparadscha-like Sapphires 346 By Michael S. Krzemnicki, Alexander Klumb and Judith Braun 323 333 © DIVA, Antwerp Home of Diamonds Gem Notes 280 W. G. Rutherfurd Collection of Agates | Axinite-(Mg) from Parachinar, Pakistan | Trapiche- type Chrysoberyl | Montebrasite from Afghanistan | Orange- Fluorescing Common Opal from Japan | Two Large Rubies from the Pamir Mountains, Tajikistan | Peculiar Trapiche- like Pattern in a Gold Sheen Computer rendering by J. Ogden Photo by Robert Weldon Sapphire | Sri Lankan Sapphire with Spinel Inclusions | Colour- change Tephroite from South Africa | Glass Imitation of Ametrine | A Treated Mixed- Conferences 356 type Synthetic Yellow Diamond 4th Mediterranean Gemmological and Jewellery Conference | GIA Symposium | Canadian Gemmological Association Conference | 288 Gem-A Conference Gem-A Notices 366 New Media 382 Learning Opportunities 378 Literature of Interest 389 Photo by Bilal Mahmood, AGL The Journal is published by Gem-A in collaboration with SSEF and with the support of AGL. ISSN: 1355-4565, http://doi.org/10.15506/JoG.2018.36.4 THE JOURNAL OF GEMMOLOGY, 36(4), 2018 i EDITOR-IN-CHIEF EDITORIAL CO-ORDINATOR EDITORIAL Brendan M. Laurs Sarah Bremner ASSISTANT [email protected] [email protected] Carol M. Stockton EXECUTIVE EDITOR EDITOR EMERITUS Alan D. Hart Roger R. Harding ASSOCIATE EDITORS 21 Ely Place Ahmadjan Abduriyim, Tokyo, Japan; Raquel Alonso-Perez, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massa- London EC1N 6TD chusetts, USA; Edward Boehm, RareSource, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA; Maggie Campbell Pedersen, UK Organic Gems, London; Alan T. Collins, King’s College London; John L. Emmett, Crystal Chemistry, Brush t: +44 (0)20 7404 3334 Prairie, Washington, USA; Emmanuel Fritsch, University of Nantes, France; Rui Galopim de Carvalho, PortugalGemas Academy, Lisbon, Portugal; Lee A. Groat, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; f: +44 (0)20 7404 8843 Thomas Hainschwang, GGTL Laboratories, Balzers, Liechtenstein; Henry A. Hänni, GemExpert, Basel, e: [email protected] Switzerland; Jeff W. Harris, University of Glasgow; Alan D. Hart, Gem-A, London; Ulrich Henn, German w: www.gem-a.com Gemmological Association, Idar-Oberstein; Jaroslav Hyršl, Prague, Czech Republic; Brian Jackson, National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh; Stefanos Karampelas, Bahrain Institute for Pearls & Gemstones (DANAT), Registered Charity No. 1109555 Manama; Lore Kiefert, Gübelin Gem Lab Ltd, Lucerne, Switzerland; Hiroshi Kitawaki, Central Gem Labora- A company limited by guarantee and tory, Tokyo, Japan; Michael S. Krzemnicki, Swiss Gemmological Institute SSEF, Basel; Shane F. McClure, registered in England No. 1945780 Gemological Institute of America, Carlsbad, California; Jack M. Ogden, Striptwist Ltd, London; Federico Registered office: Palladium House, Pezzotta, Natural History Museum of Milan, Italy; Jeffrey E. Post, Smithsonian Institution, Washington 1–4 Argyll Street, London W1F 7LD DC, USA; Andrew H. Rankin, Kingston University, Surrey; George R. Rossman, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA; Karl Schmetzer, Petershausen, Germany; Dietmar Schwarz, Federated Inter- national GemLab, Bangkok, Thailand; Menahem Sevdermish, Gemewizard Ltd, Ramat Gan, Israel; Andy H. Shen, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; Guanghai Shi, China University of Geosciences, Beijing; PRESIDENT James E. Shigley, Gemological Institute of America, Carlsbad, California; Christopher P. Smith, American Maggie Campbell Pedersen Gemological Laboratories Inc., New York, New York; Evelyne Stern, London; Elisabeth Strack, Gemmolo- gisches Institut Hamburg, Germany; Tay Thye Sun, Far East Gemological Laboratory, Singapore; Pornsawat VICE PRESIDENTS Wathanakul, Kasetsart University, Bangkok; Chris M. Welbourn, Reading, Berkshire; Bert Willems, Leica David J. Callaghan Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany; Bear Williams, Stone Group Laboratories LLC, Jefferson City, Missouri, USA; Alan T. Collins J. C. (Hanco) Zwaan, National Museum of Natural History ‘Naturalis’, Leiden, The Netherlands. Noel W. Deeks E. Alan Jobbins CONTENT SUBMISSION The Editor-in-Chief is glad to consider original articles, news items, conference/excursion reports, announce- Andrew H. Rankin ments and calendar entries on subjects of gemmological interest for publication in The Journal of Gemmology. A guide to the various sections and the preparation of manuscripts is given at www.gem-a.com/index.php/ HONORARY FELLOWS news-publications/publications/journal-of-gemmology/submissions, or contact the Editor-in-Chief. Gaetano Cavalieri Andrew Cody SUBSCRIPTIONS Terrence S. Coldham Gem-A members receive The Journal as part of their membership package, full details Emmanuel Fritsch of which are given at www.gem-a.com/membership. Laboratories, libraries, museums and similar institutions may become direct subscribers to The Journal. HONORARY ADVERTISING DIAMOND MEMBER Enquiries about advertising in The Journal should be directed to [email protected]. Martin Rapaport For more information, see https://gem-a.com/index.php/news-publications/publications/ journal-of-gemmology/advertising. CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER DATABASE COVERAGE Alan D. Hart The Journal of Gemmology is covered by the following abstracting and indexing services: Australian Research Council academic journal list, British Library Document Supply COUNCIL Service, Chemical Abstracts (CA Plus), Copyright Clearance Center’s RightFind application, Justine L. Carmody – Chair CrossRef, EBSCO Academic Search Ultimate, Gale/Cengage Learning Academic OneFile, Kathryn L. Bonanno GeoRef, Index Copernicus ICI Journals Master List, Mineralogical Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (ProQuest), Scopus and the Clarivate Analytics (formerly Thomson Joanna Hardy Reuters/ISI) Emerging Sources Citation Index (in the Web of Science). Philip Sadler Christopher P. Smith COPYRIGHT AND REPRINT PERMISSION For full details of copyright and reprint permission contact the Editor-in-Chief. The Journal of Gemmology BRANCH CHAIRMEN is published quarterly by Gem-A, The Gemmological Association of Great Britain. Any opinions expressed Midlands – Louise Ludlam-Snook in The Journal are understood to be the views of the contributors and not necessarily of the publisher. North East – Mark W. Houghton South East – Veronica Wetten Design & production by Zest Design, www.zest-uk.com South West – Richard M. Slater Printed by DG3 Group (Holdings) Ltd Cert no. TT-COC-002454 © 2018 The Gemmological Association of Great Britain ISSN: 1355-4565 ii THE JOURNAL OF GEMMOLOGY, 36(4), 2018 What’s New INSTRUMENTATION J-Smart SciAps The newest, Handheld 6th generation LIBS Unit J-Smart scanner In February 2018, from DRC Techno USA-based SciAps (Dharmanandan Inc. released its Research Center, latest version of Surat, India) the handheld laser- was released in induced breakdown mid-2018, and spectroscopy instrument identifies both called the Z-300. The unit CVD and HPHT has three spectrometers laboratory-grown for a range of 190–950 nm, making it capable of diamonds. It supersedes measuring every element in the periodic table from H DRC Techno’s J-Secure technology (see What’s New to U. It comes with Android OS software that allows section, Vol. 35, No. 4, 2016, pp. 271–272), and this the user to customise calibrations for a variety of version of J-Smart has a smaller footprint and provides materials. As for all LIBS devices, a certain amount faster results (90 seconds) than the previous model. of material is vaporised, in this case with a 100 µm The instrument can be used to screen loose or mounted spot size. The unit has a replaceable cartridge to diamonds 0.003 ct and larger of any shape in D through provide an argon purge to boost the signal, which J colours. The 9 × 5½ inch (23 × 14 cm) scanning tray is especially valuable for measuring light elements. allows for large-scale examination of store inventories or The instrument weighs 1.8 kg with the battery and manufacturing production. Visit www.drctechno.com/ measures ~21 × 29 × 12 cm. Visit www.sciaps.com/ Products.aspx.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download Lot Listing
    IMPORTANT JEWELRY Wednesday, December 16, 2020 DOYLE.COM Lot 26 IMPORTANT JEWELRY AUCTION Wednesday, December 16, 2020 at 12pm Eastern VIEWINGS BY APPOINTMENT Please contact Laura Chambers to schedule your appointment: [email protected] Safety protocols will be in place with limited capacity. Please maintain social distance during your visit. LOCATION Doyle Auctioneers & Appraisers 175 East 87th Street New York, NY 10128 212-427-2730 DOYLE.COM Sale Info View Lots and Place Bids The journey of the Wilson family from the deep became intimate with “Old New York Society,” summering antebellum South to the pinnacle of New York with their new peers in Newport and traveling to Gilded Age society began with the marriage in 1852 London and Paris. Highlighting the December 16 of the enterprising Georgia-born Richard Thornton auction is an antique natural pearl and diamond tiara Wilson, the son of a tanner and shoemaker, to with provenance of Melissa Clementine Johnston Melissa Clementine Johnston, the daughter of a Wilson (lot 111). She is seen wearing the tiara in a prosperous Tennessee merchant and planter. With an portrait painted by French artist Léon Bonnat initial investment from his new father-in-law, Wilson’s (1833-1922). early business ventures flourished. During the Civil War, Wilson served in important roles in the office of The couple’s five children all made brilliant marriages, the Commissary-General of the Confederacy, traveling to aligning the Wilsons with the some of the most elite London to broker the Southern cotton crop. families of New York and Great Britain and earning Emerging from the war $500,000 richer, he began them the moniker, “The Marrying Wilsons.” buying up defunct railroads.
    [Show full text]
  • March 2019 Agate Explorer.Pub
    Cuyuna Rock, Gem and Mineral Society The Agate Explorer March 2019 Summer Field Trip Plans are being made for a long weekend trip to Thunder Bay to collect amethyst. The tentative dates are Friday -Sunday, July 5 -7. A sign -up sheet will be available at upcoming meeting in order to plan this trip. It is necessary to have a passport to travel to Canada. You may also check to see if an enhanced driver’s license is acceptable. March meeting Open Shop from 9 a.m. —noon Franklin Art Center Club member, Ray Strassberg, will be available for members to learn how Club Information to cut rocks using the 10” or 16” inch saws. Website -www.cuyunarockclub.org - Email [email protected] Bring rocks of your own or purchase something in the Rock Room. Meeting Place Lower level Franklin Arts Center Kids’ Program 1001 Kingwood St, Brainerd, MN 56401 Did you know that there are many Directions .4 mile east of Business Hwy. 371 different kinds of Lake Superior & Hwy. 210 intersection. agates? Lisa will tell you all about it (Castle turret water tower.) at the March meeting! Date/Time the 2nd Saturday of each month Rock Wrappers at 2 p.m. unless otherwise noted. Meets starting at 10 a.m. on meeting Saturdays. Club Dues $20/ family ,An open gathering for wire wrappers. Hang out with other wrappers, Free /unaccompanied juniors and work on your projects. (Bring all supplies needed.) Membership runs Learn tricks to make wrapping easier, a new design, from Jan. 1-Dec. 31st. or perhaps a new place to find supplies.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Processing
    Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • The Good Germans the Hemmerles, Munich’S First Family of Jewelry, Design Baubles That Are Truly One of a Kind
    Clockwise from left: Chris- tian and Stefan Hemmerle at home; Hemmerle’s 18k white gold, black iron and aquamarine ring, 18k red gold, moonstone, amethyst and sapphire brooch, and 18k white gold, red patinated copper, spinel and amethyst earrings, prices available upon request, at Hemmerle, 011.800.2422.6000. ccessories ∂lash ccessories a W The Good Germans The Hemmerles, Munich’s first family of jewelry, design baubles that are truly one of a kind. Photographs by S t e f a n K o r t e t’s not every client request that 230 pieces of haute joaillerie each year in its inspires a designer to branch off into a 12-artisan Munich workshop, is renowned direction he never before imagined— for its austere architectural settings ren- I and subsequently to develop an entirely dered in unorthodox materials including new style in doing so. But that’s exactly how copper, stainless steel, brass, aluminum and the German jewelry house Hemmerle came rare woods, and for its use of exquisitely to enjoy its current status as one of today’s cut colored gemstones. The heaviness of most inventive and sought-after jewelers. a masculine charcoal-hued iron band, for It all began in 1995, when a prominent instance, only enhances the sharp angles of Munich art collector commissioned Ste- an emerald-cut 40-carat electric blue aqua- fan Hemmerle, a third-generation jeweler, marine ring, while the warm hues of orange to create a birthday present for his wife, a and red patinated copper perfectly com- woman who detested flashy gems.
    [Show full text]
  • List of New Mineral Names: with an Index of Authors
    415 A (fifth) list of new mineral names: with an index of authors. 1 By L. J. S~v.scs~, M.A., F.G.S. Assistant in the ~Iineral Department of the,Brltish Museum. [Communicated June 7, 1910.] Aglaurito. R. Handmann, 1907. Zeita. Min. Geol. Stuttgart, col. i, p. 78. Orthoc]ase-felspar with a fine blue reflection forming a constituent of quartz-porphyry (Aglauritporphyr) from Teplitz, Bohemia. Named from ~,Xavpo~ ---- ~Xa&, bright. Alaito. K. A. ~Yenadkevi~, 1909. BuU. Acad. Sci. Saint-P6tersbourg, ser. 6, col. iii, p. 185 (A~am~s). Hydrate~l vanadic oxide, V205. H~O, forming blood=red, mossy growths with silky lustre. Founi] with turanite (q. v.) in thct neighbourhood of the Alai Mountains, Russian Central Asia. Alamosite. C. Palaehe and H. E. Merwin, 1909. Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, col. xxvii, p. 899; Zeits. Kryst. Min., col. xlvi, p. 518. Lead recta-silicate, PbSiOs, occurring as snow-white, radially fibrous masses. Crystals are monoclinic, though apparently not isom0rphous with wol]astonite. From Alamos, Sonora, Mexico. Prepared artificially by S. Hilpert and P. Weiller, Ber. Deutsch. Chem. Ges., 1909, col. xlii, p. 2969. Aloisiite. L. Colomba, 1908. Rend. B. Accad. Lincei, Roma, set. 5, col. xvii, sere. 2, p. 233. A hydrated sub-silicate of calcium, ferrous iron, magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen, (R pp, R',), SiO,, occurring in an amorphous condition, intimately mixed with oalcinm carbonate, in a palagonite-tuff at Fort Portal, Uganda. Named in honour of H.R.H. Prince Luigi Amedeo of Savoy, Duke of Abruzzi. Aloisius or Aloysius is a Latin form of Luigi or I~ewis.
    [Show full text]
  • Symposium on Agate and Cryptocrystalline Quartz
    Symposium on Agate and Cryptocrystalline Quartz September 10 – 13, 2005 Golden, Colorado Sponsored by Friends of Mineralogy, Colorado Chapter; Colorado School of Mines Geology Museum; and U.S. Geological Survey 2 Cover Photos {top left} Fortification agate, Hinsdale County, Colorado, collection of the Geology Museum, Colorado School of Mines. Coloration of alternating concentric bands is due to infiltration of Fe with groundwater into the porous chalcedony layers, leaving the impermeable chalcedony bands uncolored (white): ground water was introduced via the symmetric fractures, evidenced by darker brown hues along the orthogonal lines. Specimen about 4 inches across; photo Dan Kile. {lower left} Photomicrograph showing, in crossed-polarized light, a rhyolite thunder egg shell (lower left) a fibrous phase of silica, opal-CTLS (appearing as a layer of tan fibers bordering the rhyolite cavity wall), and spherulitic and radiating fibrous forms of chalcedony. Field of view approximately 4.8 mm high; photo Dan Kile. {center right} Photomicrograph of the same field of view, but with a 1 λ (first-order red) waveplate inserted to illustrate the length-fast nature of the chalcedony (yellow-orange) and the length-slow character of the opal CTLS (blue). Field of view about 4.8 mm high; photo Dan Kile. Copyright of articles and photographs is retained by authors and Friends of Mineralogy, Colorado Chapter; reproduction by electronic or other means without permission is prohibited 3 Symposium on Agate and Cryptocrystalline Quartz Program and Abstracts September 10 – 13, 2005 Editors Daniel Kile Thomas Michalski Peter Modreski Held at Green Center, Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colorado Sponsored by Friends of Mineralogy, Colorado Chapter Colorado School of Mines Geology Museum U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Minerals of the San Luis Valley and Adjacent Areas of Colorado Charles F
    New Mexico Geological Society Downloaded from: http://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/22 Minerals of the San Luis Valley and adjacent areas of Colorado Charles F. Bauer, 1971, pp. 231-234 in: San Luis Basin (Colorado), James, H. L.; [ed.], New Mexico Geological Society 22nd Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook, 340 p. This is one of many related papers that were included in the 1971 NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebook. Annual NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebooks Every fall since 1950, the New Mexico Geological Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. These books have set the national standard for geologic guidebooks and are an essential geologic reference for anyone working in or around New Mexico. Free Downloads NMGS has decided to make peer-reviewed papers from our Fall Field Conference guidebooks available for free download. Non-members will have access to guidebook papers two years after publication. Members have access to all papers. This is in keeping with our mission of promoting interest, research, and cooperation regarding geology in New Mexico. However, guidebook sales represent a significant proportion of our operating budget. Therefore, only research papers are available for download. Road logs, mini-papers, maps, stratigraphic charts, and other selected content are available only in the printed guidebooks. Copyright Information Publications of the New Mexico Geological Society, printed and electronic, are protected by the copyright laws of the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Fine Structure in Photoluminescence Spectrum of S2 Center in Sodalite
    Phys Chem Minerals (2007) 34:477–484 DOI 10.1007/s00269-007-0161-y ORIGINAL PAPER – Fine structure in photoluminescence spectrum of S2 center in sodalite Aierken Sidike Æ Alifu Sawuti Æ Xiang-Ming Wang Æ Heng-Jiang Zhu Æ S. Kobayashi Æ I. Kusachi Æ N. Yamashita Received: 18 December 2006 / Accepted: 6 April 2007 / Published online: 12 June 2007 Ó Springer-Verlag 2007 Abstract The photoluminescence and excitation spectra stretching vibration of the isotopic species of 32S34S–,a 32 – of sodalites from Greenland, Canada and Xinjiang (China) main peak due to that of the isotopic species of S2 and are observed at 300 and 10 K in detail. The features of the five peaks due to phonon sidebands of the main peak. emission and excitation spectra of the orange-yellow flu- – orescence of these sodalites are independent of the locality. Keywords Sodalite Á Photoluminescence Á S2 center Á The emission spectra at 300 and 10 K consist of a broad Heat treatment Á Fine structure band with a series of peaks and a maximum peak at 648 and 645.9 nm, respectively. The excitation spectra ob- tained by monitoring the orange-yellow fluorescence at 300 Introduction and 10 K consist of a main band with a peak at 392 nm. The luminescence efficiency of the heat-treated sodalite Natural sodalite represented by the ideal formula Na8Al6 from Xinjiang is about seven times as high as that of un- Si6O24Cl2 or 3(Na2OÁAl2O3Á2SiO2)Á2NaCl is a well-known – treated natural sodalite. The emission spectrum of the S2 fluorescent mineral emitting orange-yellow fluorescence center in sodalite at 10 K consists of a band with a clearly under ultraviolet (UV) light.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Coastal Ecuador
    WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY Department of Anthropology Dissertation Examination Committee: David L. Browman, Chair Gwen Bennett Gayle Fritz Fiona Marshall T.R. Kidder Karen Stothert TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY AND CHANGE: SHELL ARTIFACT PRODUCTION AMONG THE MANTEÑO (A.D. 800-1532) OF COASTAL ECUADOR by Benjamin Philip Carter A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2008 Saint Louis, Missouri Copyright by Benjamin Philip Carter © 2008 ii Acknowledgments For this research, I acknowledge the generous support of the National Science Foundation for a Dissertation Improvement Grant (#0417579) and Washington University for a travel grant in 2000. This dissertation would not exist without the support of many, many people. Of course, no matter how much they helped me, any errors that remain are mine alone. At Drew University, Maria Masucci first interested me in shell bead production and encouraged me to travel first to Honduras and then to Ecuador. Without her encouragement and support, I would not have begun this journey. In Honduras, Pat Urban and Ed Schortman introduced me to the reality of archaeological projects. Their hard- work and scholarship under difficult conditions provided a model that I hope I have followed and will continue to follow. While in Honduras, I was lucky to have the able assistance of Don Luis Nolasco, Nectaline Rivera, Pilo Borjas, and Armando Nolasco. I never understood why the Department of Anthropology at Washington University in St. Louis accepted me into their program, but I hope that this document is evidence that they made the right choice.
    [Show full text]
  • The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, Volume XXIX - Public and Parliamentary Speeches Part II July 1869 - March 1873 [1869]
    The Online Library of Liberty A Project Of Liberty Fund, Inc. John Stuart Mill, The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, Volume XXIX - Public and Parliamentary Speeches Part II July 1869 - March 1873 [1869] The Online Library Of Liberty This E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private, non-profit, educational foundation established in 1960 to encourage study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. 2010 was the 50th anniversary year of the founding of Liberty Fund. It is part of the Online Library of Liberty web site http://oll.libertyfund.org, which was established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. To find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, to see other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF), or to make use of the hundreds of essays, educational aids, and study guides, please visit the OLL web site. This title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over 1,000 books and quotes about liberty and power, and is available free of charge upon request. The cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element in all Liberty Fund books and web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi), or “liberty.” It is taken from a clay document written about 2300 B.C. in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash, in present day Iraq. To find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project, please contact the Director at [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • The Canterbury Association
    The Canterbury Association (1848-1852): A Study of Its Members’ Connections By the Reverend Michael Blain Note: This is a revised edition prepared during 2019, of material included in the book published in 2000 by the archives committee of the Anglican diocese of Christchurch to mark the 150th anniversary of the Canterbury settlement. In 1850 the first Canterbury Association ships sailed into the new settlement of Lyttelton, New Zealand. From that fulcrum year I have examined the lives of the eighty-four members of the Canterbury Association. Backwards into their origins, and forwards in their subsequent careers. I looked for connections. The story of the Association’s plans and the settlement of colonial Canterbury has been told often enough. (For instance, see A History of Canterbury volume 1, pp135-233, edited James Hight and CR Straubel.) Names and titles of many of these men still feature in the Canterbury landscape as mountains, lakes, and rivers. But who were the people? What brought these eighty-four together between the initial meeting on 27 March 1848 and the close of their operations in September 1852? What were the connections between them? In November 1847 Edward Gibbon Wakefield had convinced an idealistic young Irishman John Robert Godley that in partnership they could put together the best of all emigration plans. Wakefield’s experience, and Godley’s contacts brought together an association to promote a special colony in New Zealand, an English society free of industrial slums and revolutionary spirit, an ideal English society sustained by an ideal church of England. Each member of these eighty-four members has his biographical entry.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Index
    Mineral Index Abhurite T.73, T.355 Anandite-Zlvl, T.116, T.455 Actinolite T.115, T.475 Anandite-20r T.116, T.45S Adamite T.73,T.405, T.60S Ancylite-(Ce) T.74,T.35S Adelite T.115, T.40S Andalusite (VoU, T.52,T.22S), T.27S, T.60S Aegirine T.73, T.30S Andesine (VoU, T.58, T.22S), T.41S Aenigmatite T.115, T.46S Andorite T.74, T.31S Aerugite (VoU, T.64, T.22S), T.34S Andradite T.74, T.36S Agrellite T.115, T.47S Andremeyerite T.116, T.41S Aikinite T.73,T.27S, T.60S Andrewsite T.116, T.465 Akatoreite T.73, T.54S, T.615 Angelellite T.74,T.59S Akermanite T.73, T.33S Ankerite T.74,T.305 Aktashite T.73, T.36S Annite T.146, T.44S Albite T.73,T.30S, T.60S Anorthite T.74,T.415 Aleksite T.73, T.35S Anorthoclase T.74,T.30S, T.60S Alforsite T.73, T.325 Anthoinite T.74, T.31S Allactite T.73, T.38S Anthophyllite T.74, T.47S, T.61S Allanite-(Ce) T.146, T.51S Antigorite T.74,T.375, 60S Allanite-(La) T.115, T.44S Antlerite T.74, T.32S, T.60S Allanite-(Y) T.146, T.51S Apatite T.75, T.32S, T.60S Alleghanyite T.73, T.36S Aphthitalite T.75,T.42S, T.60 Allophane T.115, T.59S Apuanite T.75,T.34S Alluaudite T.115, T.45S Archerite T.75,T.31S Almandine T.73, T.36S Arctite T.146, T.53S Alstonite T.73,T.315 Arcubisite T.75, T.31S Althausite T.73,T.40S Ardaite T.75,T.39S Alumino-barroisite T.166, T.57S Ardennite T.166, T.55S Alumino-ferra-hornblende T.166, T.57S Arfvedsonite T.146, T.55S, T.61S Alumino-katophorite T.166, T.57S Argentojarosite T.116, T.45S Alumino-magnesio-hornblende T.159,T.555 Argentotennantite T.75,T.47S Alumino-taramite T.166, T.57S Argyrodite (VoU,
    [Show full text]