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Rhodochrosite Gems Unstable Colouration of Padparadscha-Like
Volume 36 / No. 4 / 2018 Effect of Blue Fluorescence on the Colour Appearance of Diamonds Rhodochrosite Gems The Hope Diamond Unstable Colouration of in London Padparadscha-like Sapphires Volume 36 / No. 4 / 2018 Cover photo: Rhodochrosite is prized as both mineral specimens and faceted stones, which are represented here by ‘The Snail’ (5.5 × 8.6 cm, COLUMNS from N’Chwaning, South Africa) and a 40.14 ct square-cut gemstone from the Sweet Home mine, Colorado, USA. For more on rhodochrosite, see What’s New 275 the article on pp. 332–345 of this issue. Specimens courtesy of Bill Larson J-Smart | SciAps Handheld (Pala International/The Collector, Fallbrook, California, USA); photo by LIBS Unit | SYNTHdetect XL | Ben DeCamp. Bursztynisko, The Amber Magazine | CIBJO 2018 Special Reports | De Beers Diamond ARTICLES Insight Report 2018 | Diamonds — Source to Use 2018 The Effect of Blue Fluorescence on the Colour 298 Proceedings | Gem Testing Appearance of Round-Brilliant-Cut Diamonds Laboratory (Jaipur, India) By Marleen Bouman, Ans Anthonis, John Chapman, Newsletter | IMA List of Gem Stefan Smans and Katrien De Corte Materials Updated | Journal of Jewellery Research | ‘The Curse Out of the Blue: The Hope Diamond in London 316 of the Hope Diamond’ Podcast | By Jack M. Ogden New Diamond Museum in Antwerp Rhodochrosite Gems: Properties and Provenance 332 278 By J. C. (Hanco) Zwaan, Regina Mertz-Kraus, Nathan D. Renfro, Shane F. McClure and Brendan M. Laurs Unstable Colouration of Padparadscha-like Sapphires 346 By Michael S. Krzemnicki, Alexander Klumb and Judith Braun 323 333 © DIVA, Antwerp Home of Diamonds Gem Notes 280 W. -
Washington State Minerals Checklist
Division of Geology and Earth Resources MS 47007; Olympia, WA 98504-7007 Washington State 360-902-1450; 360-902-1785 fax E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dnr.wa.gov/geology Minerals Checklist Note: Mineral names in parentheses are the preferred species names. Compiled by Raymond Lasmanis o Acanthite o Arsenopalladinite o Bustamite o Clinohumite o Enstatite o Harmotome o Actinolite o Arsenopyrite o Bytownite o Clinoptilolite o Epidesmine (Stilbite) o Hastingsite o Adularia o Arsenosulvanite (Plagioclase) o Clinozoisite o Epidote o Hausmannite (Orthoclase) o Arsenpolybasite o Cairngorm (Quartz) o Cobaltite o Epistilbite o Hedenbergite o Aegirine o Astrophyllite o Calamine o Cochromite o Epsomite o Hedleyite o Aenigmatite o Atacamite (Hemimorphite) o Coffinite o Erionite o Hematite o Aeschynite o Atokite o Calaverite o Columbite o Erythrite o Hemimorphite o Agardite-Y o Augite o Calciohilairite (Ferrocolumbite) o Euchroite o Hercynite o Agate (Quartz) o Aurostibite o Calcite, see also o Conichalcite o Euxenite o Hessite o Aguilarite o Austinite Manganocalcite o Connellite o Euxenite-Y o Heulandite o Aktashite o Onyx o Copiapite o o Autunite o Fairchildite Hexahydrite o Alabandite o Caledonite o Copper o o Awaruite o Famatinite Hibschite o Albite o Cancrinite o Copper-zinc o o Axinite group o Fayalite Hillebrandite o Algodonite o Carnelian (Quartz) o Coquandite o o Azurite o Feldspar group Hisingerite o Allanite o Cassiterite o Cordierite o o Barite o Ferberite Hongshiite o Allanite-Ce o Catapleiite o Corrensite o o Bastnäsite -
Mineral Processing
Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19 -
Third-Generation Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction of 6- M Crystal of Raite, Na
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 94, pp. 12263–12267, November 1997 Geology Third-generation synchrotron x-ray diffraction of 6-mm crystal of raite, 'Na3Mn3Ti0.25Si8O20(OH)2z10H2O, opens up new chemistry and physics of low-temperature minerals (crystal structureymicrocrystalyphyllosilicate) JOSEPH J. PLUTH*, JOSEPH V. SMITH*†,DMITRY Y. PUSHCHAROVSKY‡,EUGENII I. SEMENOV§,ANDREAS BRAM¶, CHRISTIAN RIEKEL¶,HANS-PETER WEBER¶, AND ROBERT W. BROACHi *Department of Geophysical Sciences, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, GeologicalySoilyEnvironmental, and Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; ‡Department of Geology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119899, Russia; §Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117071, Russia; ¶European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043, Grenoble, France; and UOP Research Center, Des Plaines, IL 60017 Contributed by Joseph V. Smith, September 3, 1997 ABSTRACT The crystal structure of raite was solved and the energy and metal industries, hydrology, and geobiology. refined from data collected at Beamline Insertion Device 13 at Raite lies in the chemical cooling sequence of exotic hyperal- the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, using a 3 3 3 3 kaline rocks of the Kola Peninsula, Russia, and the 65 mm single crystal. The refined lattice constants of the Monteregian Hills, Canada (2). This hydrated sodium- monoclinic unit cell are a 5 15.1(1) Å; b 5 17.6(1) Å; c 5 manganese silicate extends the already wide range of manga- 5.290(4) Å; b 5 100.5(2)°; space group C2ym. The structure, nese crystal chemistry (3), which includes various complex including all reflections, refined to a final R 5 0.07. -
Moon Minerals a Visual Guide
Moon Minerals a visual guide A.G. Tindle and M. Anand Preliminaries Section 1 Preface Virtual microscope work at the Open University began in 1993 meteorites, Martian meteorites and most recently over 500 virtual and has culminated in the on-line collection of over 1000 microscopes of Apollo samples. samples available via the virtual microscope website (here). Early days were spent using LEGO robots to automate a rotating microscope stage thanks to the efforts of our colleague Peter Whalley (now deceased). This automation speeded up image capture and allowed us to take the thousands of photographs needed to make sizeable (Earth-based) virtual microscope collections. Virtual microscope methods are ideal for bringing rare and often unique samples to a wide audience so we were not surprised when 10 years ago we were approached by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council who asked us to prepare a virtual collection of the 12 Moon rocks they loaned out to schools and universities. This would turn out to be one of many collections built using extra-terrestrial material. The major part of our extra-terrestrial work is web-based and we The authors - Mahesh Anand (left) and Andy Tindle (middle) with colleague have build collections of Europlanet meteorites, UK and Irish Peter Whalley (right). Thank you Peter for your pioneering contribution to the Virtual Microscope project. We could not have produced this book without your earlier efforts. 2 Moon Minerals is our latest output. We see it as a companion volume to Moon Rocks. Members of staff -
Download the Scanned
JOURNAL MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 193 Boyle, Blank, Biernbaum, Clay, Frankenfield, Gordon, Oldach, Knabe, and Trudell. At Branchville, albite crystals, beryl, margarodite, spodumene, and cyrnatolite were obtained; at East Hampton, golden beryl; at White Rocks, masses of pink and greenish tourmaline; at Strickland's quarry' green tourmaline, albite, beryl, and spoctumene. Ihe report was illustrated with lantern slides of photographs taken on the trip, and exhibits of specimens. Mr. George Vaux, Jr. described a trip to Franklin, N. J. with Mr. Gordon, where some exceptionally 6ne specimens were obtained, including the following minerals: apatite, copper, rhodonite, datolite, willemite, glaucochroite, Ieuco- phoenicite, hancockite, wernerite, franklinite, and arsenopyrite. Seuurr, G. Goroon, SecretarY, BOOK REVIEW A LIST OF NEW CRYSTAL FORMS OF MINERALS. Hnnstnr P Wurrrocr. Bur,retrn ol Tnr: Auenlcau Museunr ol NATURAT-Ifrsronv, Vor. xrvr, Ant. II, pp.89-278,1[ewYorh,1922. In July 1910, the author published. in The Sthool of Mines Quarterl,L (Vol. 31, No. 4 and VoI. 32, No. 1) a list of new crystal forms which had been recorded in the literature since the appearance of Goldschmidt's Index der Krystallformen der Mineralien (1336_91). The present bulletin includes the former data and extends the compilation to 1920, thus furnishing crystallographers with a most useful reference work covering a period of thirty years (1890-1920). References prior to 1890 being available in Goldschmidt's "Index." Where a new orientation of a species has been proposed and accepted, forms previously cited have been transposed to correspond with the new axial elements In such cases the elements used are given at the head of the species. -
Subject Index, Volume 83, 1998
American Mineralogist, Volume 83, pages 1377–1385, 1998 SUBJECT INDEX, VOLUME 83, 1998 Actinolite 458 jadeitic pyroxene 273 Arsenic model compounds 553 AFM lithium disilicate 1008 Arsenopyrite 316 illite-smectite 762 magnesiowüstite 794 ASH system 881 nucleation and growth 147 MgMgAl-pumpellyite 220 Atmospheric CO2 1503 2+ 3+ Agrell, Stuart O., memorial of 666 Mn (Fe, Mn) 2 O4 786 Augite 419, 434 Albite glass 1141 monazite 248 Awards Al-Fe perovskite (MgSiO3) 947 monazite-(Ce) 259 Mineralogical Society of America, ac - Allanite 248 muscovite 535 ceptance of 917 Allende meteorite 970 muscovite-phengite 775 Mineralogical Society of America, pre- Almandite 1293 offretite 577 sentation of 916 27Al MAS NMR olivine 546 Roebling Medal, acceptance of 914 Al2O3+B2O3+SiO2 ± H2O 638 omphacite 419 Roebling Medal, presentation of 912 AlSiO3OH 881 paranite-(Y) 1100 B8/anti-B8 451 Ammonium illilte 58 phase egg 881 B8-FeO 451 Analcime 339, 746 phosphovanadylilte 889 Bacteria 1583 Analysis, chemical (mineral) pyrope 323, 1293 Bacterial surfaces 1399 almandite 1293 pyroxene 491 Bacterial synthesis of greigite 1469 andradite 835 rossmanite 896 Band Gap 865 anorthite 1209 rubicline 1335 Bamfordite 172 apatite 240, 1122 scandiobabingtonite 1330 Basaltic andesite 36 arsenopyrite 316 scheelite 1100 BaTi5Fe6MgO19 1323 augite 419 schorl 848 Benyacarite 400 bamfordite 172 sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite 668 Berezanskite 907 biogenic magnetite 1409 sorosite 901 Bioaccumulation 1503 boralsilite 638 spessartine 1293 Biogenic magnetite 1409 bornite 1231 titanite 1168 Biogeochemistry 1418, 1494, 1593, 1426 brabantite 259 tourmaline 535, 638, 848 Biomineralization 1454, 1510 brucite 68 tremolite–actinolite–ferro-actinolite 458 Birnessite 305 buergerite 848 tschörtnerite 607 Boehmite 1209 Ca-amphibole 952 wüstite 451 Book reviews caleite 1510, 1503 xenotime 1302 Carey, J.William: Thermodynamics carbon 918 yvonite 383 of Natural Systems. -
Thirty-Fourth List of New Mineral Names
MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, DECEMBER 1986, VOL. 50, PP. 741-61 Thirty-fourth list of new mineral names E. E. FEJER Department of Mineralogy, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD THE present list contains 181 entries. Of these 148 are Alacranite. V. I. Popova, V. A. Popov, A. Clark, valid species, most of which have been approved by the V. O. Polyakov, and S. E. Borisovskii, 1986. Zap. IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names, 115, 360. First found at Alacran, Pampa Larga, 17 are misspellings or erroneous transliterations, 9 are Chile by A. H. Clark in 1970 (rejected by IMA names published without IMA approval, 4 are variety because of insufficient data), then in 1980 at the names, 2 are spelling corrections, and one is a name applied to gem material. As in previous lists, contractions caldera of Uzon volcano, Kamchatka, USSR, as are used for the names of frequently cited journals and yellowish orange equant crystals up to 0.5 ram, other publications are abbreviated in italic. sometimes flattened on {100} with {100}, {111}, {ill}, and {110} faces, adamantine to greasy Abhurite. J. J. Matzko, H. T. Evans Jr., M. E. Mrose, lustre, poor {100} cleavage, brittle, H 1 Mono- and P. Aruscavage, 1985. C.M. 23, 233. At a clinic, P2/c, a 9.89(2), b 9.73(2), c 9.13(1) A, depth c.35 m, in an arm of the Red Sea, known as fl 101.84(5) ~ Z = 2; Dobs. 3.43(5), D~alr 3.43; Sharm Abhur, c.30 km north of Jiddah, Saudi reflectances and microhardness given. -
Holtite Al6(Al; Ta)(BO3)[(Si; Sb; As)O4]3(O; OH)3 C 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Orthorhombic
Holtite Al6(Al; Ta)(BO3)[(Si; Sb; As)O4]3(O; OH)3 c 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Orthorhombic. Point Group: 2=m 2=m 2=m: In blocky crystals, to 2 cm; as pseudohexagonal needles, elongated along [100], typically S-shaped; ¯nely crystalline. Twinning: Multiple on 011 . f g Physical Properties: Cleavage: Good on 001 , may be parting. Hardness = 8.5 D(meas.) = 3.60{3.90 D(calc.) = [3.92] Fluofrescges dull orange under SW UV and bright yellow under LW UV. Optical Properties: Semitransparent. Color: Light bu® to cream-bu® or deep olive-bu®, brown, russet. Streak: Light bu®. Luster: Resinous, vitreous, dull when weathered. Optical Class: Biaxial ({). Pleochroism: Various shades of yellow to colorless. Orientation: X = a. Dispersion: r < v: ® = 1.705{1.746 ¯ = 1.728{1.759 ° = 1.730{1.761 2V(meas.) = 20±{55± Cell Data: Space Group: P nma: a = 4.6914(5) b = 11.896(2) c = 20.383(4) Z = 4 X-ray Powder Pattern: Greenbushes, Western Australia. 10.28 (100), 2.94 (40), 5.89 (34), 5.93 (32), 5.08 (32), 2.338 (26), 5.12 (24) Chemistry: (1) (2) (1) (2) SiO2 20.30 26.74 BeO 0.05 TiO2 0.09 MgO 0.10 B2O3 1.82 4.67 CaO 0.10 Al2O3 46.43 43.44 Li2O 0.59 Fe2O3 0.27 0.20 Na2O 0.35 Sb2O3 13.89 K2O 0.45 Sb2O5 4.61 6.49 Rb2O 0.11 As2O5 2.92 Cs2O 0.57 + Nb2O5 0.76 0.15 H2O 0.38 1.13 Ta2O5 11.24 11.70 H2O¡ 0.08 MnO 0.05 Total 99.97 99.71 (1) Greenbushes, Western Australia; B2O3 thought to be low; corresponding to Al24:50Ta1:36 3+ 3+ 5+ Nb0:16Fe0:10Be0:05Ti0:03Mn0:02B1:40Si9:09Sb2:56Sb0:76O66:62(OH)1:13: (2) Kola Peninsula, 5+ 5+ Russia; corresponding to Al23:23Ta1:49Nb0:03Fe0:09Mg0:06Ca0:06Ti0:03B3:84Si10:64Sb1:15As0:72 O69:57(OH)2:09: Occurrence: As coatings on stibiotantalite and replacing tantalite in a pegmatite (Greenbushes, Western Australia); in pegmatites cutting amphibolites (Voron'i massif, Russia). -
Leucophoenicite Mn (Sio4)3(OH)2
2+ Leucophoenicite Mn7 (SiO4)3(OH)2 c 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2=m: Crystals rare, typically slender, prismatic, elongated and striated [010], to 8 mm; in isolated grains or granular massive. Twinning: On k 001 , common, contact or interpenetrant twins, lamellar. f g Physical Properties: Cleavage: 001 , imperfect. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 5.5{6 f g D(meas.) = 3.848 D(calc.) = [4.01] Optical Properties: Transparent to translucent. Color: Brown to light purple-red, raspberry-red, deep pink to light pink; rose-red to colorless in thin section. Luster: Vitreous. Optical Class: Biaxial ({). Pleochroism: Faint; rose-red 001 ; colorless 001 . Orientation: k f g ? f g X 001 cleavage. Dispersion: r > v; slight. ® = 1.751(3) ¯ = 1.771(3) ° = 1.782(3) ? f g 2V(meas.) = 74(5)± Cell Data: Space Group: P 21=a: a = 10.842(19) b = 4.826(6) c = 11.324(9) ¯ = 103:93(9)± Z = [2] X-ray Powder Pattern: Franklin, New Jersey, USA. 1.8063 (10), 2.877 (9), 2.684 (8), 4.36 (5), 3.612 (5), 2.365 (5), 2.620 (4) Chemistry: (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3) SiO2 26.36 26.7 26.7 CaO 5.67 2.4 2.8 FeO trace 0.3 0.3 Na2O 0.39 MnO 60.63 62.8 64.7 K2O 0.24 ZnO 3.87 0.0 0.0 H2O 2.64 [2.3] [2.8] MgO 0.21 5.5 2.7 Total 100.01 [100.0] [100.0] (1) Franklin, New Jersey, USA; composite of two analyses, corresponding to (Mn5:89Ca0:70Zn0:32 Na0:04Mg0:03K0:01)§=6:99(Si1:01O4)3(OH)2: (2) Kombat mine, Namibia; by electron microprobe, H2O by di®erence; corresponding to (Mn5:98Mg0:92Ca0:29Fe0:02)§=7:21(SiO4)3(OH)1:72: (3) Valsesia-Valtournanche area, Italy; by electron microprobe, H2O by di®erence; corresponding to (Mn6:16Mg0:45Ca0:34Fe0:03)§=6:98(SiO4)3(OH)2:10: Mineral Group: Leucophoenicite group. -
Lead and Arsenic Speciation and Bioaccessibility Following Sorption on Oxide Mineral Surfaces
LEAD AND ARSENIC SPECIATION AND BIOACCESSIBILITY FOLLOWING SORPTION ON OXIDE MINERAL SURFACES Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Douglas Gerald Beak, B.S. ***** The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. Nicholas Basta, Co Advisor Dr. Samuel Traina, Co Advisor _________________________ Co Advisor Dr. Harold Walker Dr. Kirk Scheckel _________________________ Co Advisor Soil Science Graduate Program ABSTRACT The risk posed from incidental ingestion of arsenic-contaminated or lead- contaminated soil may depend on sorption of arsenate (As(V)) or lead (Pb(II)) to oxide surfaces in soil. Arsenate or lead sorbed to ferrihydrite, corundum, and birnessite model oxide minerals were used to simulate possible effects of ingestion of soil contaminated with As(V) or Pb(II). Arsenate or lead sorbed oxides were placed in a simulated gastrointestinal tract (in vitro) to ascertain the bioaccessibility of As(V) or Pb(II) and changes in As(V) or Pb(II) surface speciation. The speciation of As or Pb was determined using EXAFS and XANES analysis. The As(V) adsorption maximum was found to be 7.04 g kg-1, and 0.47 g kg-1 for ferrihydrite and corundum, respectively. The bioaccessible As(V) for ferrihydrite ranged form 0 to 5 % and for corundum ranged from 0 to 16 %. The surface speciation for ferrihydrite and corundum was determined to be binuclear bidentate. These results for As(V) sorbed to ferrihydrite and corundum suggest that the bioaccessibility of As(V) is related to the As(V) concentration, and the As(V) adsorption maximum. -
Mineral Index
Mineral Index Abhurite T.73, T.355 Anandite-Zlvl, T.116, T.455 Actinolite T.115, T.475 Anandite-20r T.116, T.45S Adamite T.73,T.405, T.60S Ancylite-(Ce) T.74,T.35S Adelite T.115, T.40S Andalusite (VoU, T.52,T.22S), T.27S, T.60S Aegirine T.73, T.30S Andesine (VoU, T.58, T.22S), T.41S Aenigmatite T.115, T.46S Andorite T.74, T.31S Aerugite (VoU, T.64, T.22S), T.34S Andradite T.74, T.36S Agrellite T.115, T.47S Andremeyerite T.116, T.41S Aikinite T.73,T.27S, T.60S Andrewsite T.116, T.465 Akatoreite T.73, T.54S, T.615 Angelellite T.74,T.59S Akermanite T.73, T.33S Ankerite T.74,T.305 Aktashite T.73, T.36S Annite T.146, T.44S Albite T.73,T.30S, T.60S Anorthite T.74,T.415 Aleksite T.73, T.35S Anorthoclase T.74,T.30S, T.60S Alforsite T.73, T.325 Anthoinite T.74, T.31S Allactite T.73, T.38S Anthophyllite T.74, T.47S, T.61S Allanite-(Ce) T.146, T.51S Antigorite T.74,T.375, 60S Allanite-(La) T.115, T.44S Antlerite T.74, T.32S, T.60S Allanite-(Y) T.146, T.51S Apatite T.75, T.32S, T.60S Alleghanyite T.73, T.36S Aphthitalite T.75,T.42S, T.60 Allophane T.115, T.59S Apuanite T.75,T.34S Alluaudite T.115, T.45S Archerite T.75,T.31S Almandine T.73, T.36S Arctite T.146, T.53S Alstonite T.73,T.315 Arcubisite T.75, T.31S Althausite T.73,T.40S Ardaite T.75,T.39S Alumino-barroisite T.166, T.57S Ardennite T.166, T.55S Alumino-ferra-hornblende T.166, T.57S Arfvedsonite T.146, T.55S, T.61S Alumino-katophorite T.166, T.57S Argentojarosite T.116, T.45S Alumino-magnesio-hornblende T.159,T.555 Argentotennantite T.75,T.47S Alumino-taramite T.166, T.57S Argyrodite (VoU,