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Sustainably Harvested and Quality Controlled Medicinal and Aromatic

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Sustainably Harvested and Quality Controlled Medicinal and Aromatic INTERNATIONAL MARKET STUDY FOR SELECTED MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN LEBANON (Alcea sps, Micromeria sps . Origanum sps, Satureia sps, Thymus sps, Viola sps, Thymbra spicata, Salvia fruticosa, Cyclotrichium origanifolium) GEF-UNDP-LARI, 2010. International market study for selected medicinal and aromatic plants in Lebanon (Alcea sps, Micromeria sps, Origanum sps, Satureia sps, Thymus sps, Viola sps, Thymbra spicata, Salvia fruticosa, Cyclotrichium origanifolium). Mainstreaming Biodiversity Management into Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) Production Processes in Lebanon Project. Funded by the Global Environment Facility, implemented by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute (LARI), Beirut. trade (domestic and international), and BACKGROUND perceived decline in wild-collected populations. Four of these target species This technical document was produced with (Origanum syriacum, Origanum ehrenbergii, the framework of the project Althaea damascena, and Cyclotrichium “Mainstreaming Biodiversity Management origanifolium) are regional or national into Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) endemic species that were selected based Production Processes in Lebanon”, funded on expert opinion that direct harvest by the Global Environment Facility, and pressure (intentional collection of the executed by the Lebanese Agriculture species for existing markets) is a factor Research Institute and the UNDP, in contributing to decline in resource coordination and cooperation with the availability in Lebanon. Two of these target Lebanese Ministry of Agriculture. The species (Viola libanotica and Clinopodium project objective was to integrate libanoticum) are endemic to Lebanon and conservation objectives into gathering, were selected based on expert opinion that processing and marketing of globally these species could be endangered by significant medicinal and aromatic plants indirect (unintentional) collection of wild (MAPs). populations because of their resemblance to the commercially important congeneric The project worked on both a macro level species V. odorata and M. myrtifolia (syn. (national scale) and a micro level (pilot sites juliana). The seventh target species (Salvia scale). On the national front the project fruticosa) is a regional endemic species actively sought to develop and strengthen selected based on the large existing the enabling environment for sustainable commercial wild-collection and observed use of MAPs. The project identified negative impacts of wild harvest of this regulatory gaps and constraints that had species on other more vulnerable species. implications for sustainable utilization and value chain of MAP resources. Accordingly, several strategic interventions were implemented on the institutional framework. On the pilot site level, the project worked in four sites (Mejdel-Akkar, Assia-Batroun, Hsarat-Jbiel and Mrusti- Chouf). These four pilot sites were considered as experimental sites for developing sustainable harvesting standards, for developing and implementing value-added processing and product improvement, for MAP based product marketing and sales and for certification and branding. The pilot sites informed the regulative framework (through scientific findings with respect to sustainable harvest standards), informed MAP business development at the national level and they showcased how to increase the profitability of commercial MAP products. The project focused on seven target MAP species: Salvia fruticosa, Origanum syriacum, Origanum ehrenbergii, Althaea damascena, Cyclotrichium origanifolium, Viola libanotica and Clinopodium libanoticum. The species were selected based on their endemism (regional or national), estimated volume of commercial 1 | P a g e EXECUTIVE SUMMARY sweet violet (Viola odorata), and wild pansy flowering aerial parts (Viola tricolor). This study investigated the Lebanese export trade data, the legal status and Since the ability and capacity for market access requirements of selected sustainable scaling-up of additional annual target markets, and the quality standards production for purposes of boosting and trade specifications for ten selected domestic consumption of value-added Lebanese botanical species. Additionally, products and/or export promotion is not yet the catalogues of the most important determined for many of the Lebanese importers, processors and distributors of species, this report recommends starting natural ingredients in Europe and North out with a focus on the one or two species America were surveyed as well as some that already have an established regulatory companies situated in Northern Africa and framework for market access in the largest Western Asia. The report provides lists of number of countries, and for which the botanical ingredients presently offered in quantities being collected in Lebanon are the catalogues of these companies from high enough to justify the development of same genera as those prioritized from new value-added products and markets Lebanon (in the forms of whole, cut & sifted, above and beyond the local and regional tea-bag-cut, or powdered botanical raw markets that are presently responsible for materials as well as value-added forms of the current annual demand. absolutes, concretes, essential oils, extracts and oleoresins). These lists provide good The national consultant, in the report examples of what processed forms of these “Monographs of the 7 targeted species” ingredients are actively in trade. They can made the recommendation of developing a also serve as a short list of potentially Lebanese geographical quality brand for the interested companies to approach once a selected species. Although three-lobed portfolio of Lebanese specialty products is sage leaf is produced in several other defined and ready for market. countries (Albania, Greece, Italy, Russian Federation, Turkey, and Republics of the This study found that most of the prioritized former Yugoslavia), it could be possible to Lebanese species do not appear on any develop a unique Lebanon brand for positive lists in most or all of the selected differentiation of geographical origin and target markets. This was not a surprise quality grade designation. This report since the habitat and range of many of the provides information on the various grades species is quite limited, in some cases to and standards for three-lobed sage leaf by Lebanon or to neighboring countries such comparison to the Lebanese Standard. as Syria and/or Turkey. In some cases, closely related species appear on some After experiencing success with the positive lists. Since most of the prioritized launching and promoting of a range of species would be classified as new or novel products made from this species, gradually ingredients in many international markets, other Lebanese species could be added to various types of submissions would need to the catalogue of specialty products from the be made to the regulatory agencies in each region. Additional products would be based country providing requisite human safety, on a determination that a sustainable scale- efficacy and quality data. Information is up for new product development is feasible provided in this report on the avenues for and practicable in each case. filing new ingredient submissions in the EU and USA. The types of value-added products that could be made from Lebanese three-lobed Three of the Lebanese species however do sage could include the following: appear on many positive lists and have fairly well established international trade Processed Botanical Raw Materials status. Those are three-lobed sage leaf (Salvia fruticosa Miller; syn.: Salvia triloba), Food grade dried leaf, whole, cut & sifted, ground, tea-bag-cut or 2 | P a g e powdered; conventional or with Even with an eventual strategy to develop a certifications (e.g. certified organic Lebanese geographical designation and wild and/or FairWild certified). brand for a whole range of botanical Pharmacopoeial grade dried leaf products, it would be useful to start out by (e.g. Salviae trilobae folium PhEur); identifying those companies in selected whole or cut; conventional or with destination markets who are already trading certifications (e.g. certified organic in various Salvia and Viola species wild and/or FairWild certified). ingredients. These companies are listed in this report. By approaching these Extracts and Oils companies first with natural ingredients that they are already familiar with (and already “Salvia Triloba Leaf Extract” appear in their catalogues), the ability to marketed for use in cosmetic bring new items later will be somewhat products for antimicrobial, astringent easier after a good trade relationship is and oral care functions. established over time. “Sage Triloba CO2 Extract” marketed for use in cosmetics and Nonetheless, until the regulatory framework in perfumery, i.e. mouth water, tooth for each of the new or novel ingredients is paste, shampoos, soaps etc., as addressed in each target market, it would well as potential uses in food and be difficult to interest buyers or to invest in pharmaceutical products. market development. Some of the Sage essential oil. prioritized species may not have sufficient Sage distilled water. quantities available to consider an international approach. For some of the species, special regional products might be Finished Products in Retail Packs developed specifically for the local and regional markets that Lebanon already A Lebanese brand of the Unani
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