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Assessment report Resources using the ocean > Healthy wisely for the Healthy oceans: for the The South-east Regional Marine Plan Title: Resources – using the ocean The South-east Regional Marine Plan Assessment Reports Copyright: National Oceans Office 2002 Disclaimer: This report was prepared by the National Oceans Office to assist with consultation on the development of the South-east Regional Marine Plan, as part of the Commonwealth Government’s Australia’s Oceans Policy. The views expressed in this report are not necessarily those of the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the contents of this report. Sourcing: Copies of this report are available from: The National Oceans Office Level 1, 80 Elizabeth St, Hobart GPO Box 2139 Hobart TAS 7001 Tel: +61 3 6221 5000 Fax: +61 3 6221 5050 www.oceans.gov.au For further information about this report, contact Ester Guerzoni, Public Affairs Officer, tel (03) 6221 5000. Reproduction: Information in this report may be reproduced in whole or in part for study or training purposes, subject to the inclusion of acknowledgment of the source and provided no commercial usage or sale of the material occurs. Reproduction for purposes other than those given above requires written permission from the National Oceans Office. Requests for permission should be addressed to the Public Affairs Officer, National Oceans Office, GPO Box 2139, Hobart TAS 7001. Credits: Design: CSIRO Marine Research Prepress: Photolith Printing: Printing Authority of Tasmania Published by the National Oceans Office Photo credits: Fish, anchor, petroleum tanker, hermit crab, diver © Dave Stevenson; Petroleum rig, cray pots, aquaculture pens, oysters, laboratory scenes, commercial fishing, waves, research equipment, fish on boatdeck, orange roughy, squid lights, tuna, Tasmanian seamounts, giant crab © CSIRO Marine Research; Collins class submarine © Department of Defence; Lighthouse, moored ship, recreational fisher © Karen Gowlett-Holmes; Eel fishing © Framlingham Land Council; Abalone Shell © John de la Roche; Austral leader © AAD; Port Melbourne ©Victorian Channel Authority; Danish seine fishing © Seafood Industry Victoria; Whale, lighthouse © Victoria Tourism; Seals, birds © Sharee McCammon. State Library Ref: Resources – using the ocean South-east Regional Marine Plan Assessment Reports 1-877043-16-8 The National Oceans Office is an Executive Agency of the Commonwealth Government of Australia Resources Resources Contents using the ocean Executive Summary . .iv Preface . vi Defence . .65 Role and objectives of the Background . .65 uses assessment . .1 Regional activity . .66 Question addressed . .2 Ship building . .68 Report structure . .2 Economic dimensions . .69 Consultancies . .2 Management arrangements . .70 Uses Assessment Reference Group . .3 Emerging industries . .70 Consultation processes . .3 Background . .70 Uses . .4 Economic dimensions . .72 Aquaculture . .5 Management arrangements . .72 Regional activity . .5 Marine heritage . .73 Economic dimensions . .10 Background . .73 Management arrangements . .12 Heritage places in the South-east Biotechnology . .13 Marine Region . .74 Background . .13 Management arrangements . .77 Regional activity . .14 Indigenous uses . .79 Economic dimensions . .16 Native title claims . .79 Management arrangements . .17 Indigenous Land Use Agreements (ILUA) . .79 Commerical fishing . .18 Indigenous Protected Areas (IPA) . .80 Regional activity . .18 Marine research and education . .80 Management arrangements . .21 Background . .80 Economic dimensions . .27 Regional activity . .82 Regional importance . .33 Economic dimensions . .82 Conservation . .35 Management arrangements . .83 Background . .35 Offshore minerals . .83 Marine protected areas . .36 Background . .83 Regional offshore marine protected areas . .41 Mineral classifications . .84 Threatened marine species . .45 Exploration techniques . .85 Sectoral measures . .48 Regional activity . .86 Economic dimensions . .86 Management arrangements . .86 i > resources – using the ocean Shipping and ship/boat building . .120 Background . .120 Regional shipping activity . .120 Economic dimensions . .125 Ocean waste disposal . .88 Management arrangements . .125 Background . .89 Activity in Australia . .90 Submarine cable and energy Regional activity . .92 transmission lines . .128 Economic dimensions . .96 Background . .128 Management arrangements . .96 Regional activity . .128 Economic dimensions . .130 Oil and gas . .98 Management arrangements . .130 Background . .98 Regional activity . .99 Surveillance . .131 Economic dimensions . .103 Background . .131 Links . .106 Regional activity . .132 Management arrangements . .106 Economic dimensions . .133 Management arrangements . .134 Ports and marinas . .107 Background . .107 Tourism and offshore charter . .134 Regional activity . .108 Background . .134 Economic dimensions . .110 Regional activity . .136 Regional importance . .112 Economic dimensions . .138 Management arrangements . .113 Management arrangements . .138 Non-market economic values . .139 Recreational fishing . .114 Definition . .114 Introduction . .139 Regional activity . .114 Total economic value framework . .139 Important recreational species Non-direct use values of marine areas . .142 of the Region . .116 Conclusion . .145 Economic dimensions . .117 Regional importance . .117 Management arrangements . .118 ii resources – using the ocean Resources Resources Pressures . .145 Introduction . .145 using the ocean Economic and market pressures . .146 Lifestyle pressures . .146 Multiple use studies . .170 Resource use pressures . .146 Macquarie Island Domain . .171 Institutional pressures . .147 Current and future uses on the Environmental change pressures . .147 South Tasman Rise . .175 Cross-cutting pressures . .147 Tasmanian Seamounts Marine Reserve Conclusion . .148 and commercial fishing . .178 Future uses and opportunities . .148 Danish seine fishing and petroleum infrastructure in Bass Strait . .183 Managing future uses . .149 High volume and high risk shipping Alternative energies . .149 traffic area – Port Phillip Heads . .186 Aquaculture . .150 Nature-based tourism . .188 Biotechnology and other emerging industries . .151 Defence activities and mineral exploration off southeastern Kangaroo Island . .190 Commercial fishing . .151 Giant crab and South East Trawl Fisheries Conservation . .155 off western Tasmania . .193 Defence and surveillance . .156 Offshore Petroleum coexistince Minerals . .157 with tourism, conservation and Ocean disposal . .160 Indigenous people . .194 Petroleum . .160 Commercial fishing species Recreational fishing . .164 targeted by different sector . .196 Research and education . .164 References . .199 Shipping and ports . .165 Submarine cables . .167 Tourism and recreation . .168 Conclusion . .169 iii > resources – using the ocean emerging industries – where new developments for renewable energy production by wave, tidal and wind power are now being developed in the Region heritage – where natural, cultural and maritime Executive Summary heritage sites contribute to the shared heritage of all Australians The Uses Assessment Report provides information on Indigenous – where the coast and ocean are of the current and possible future uses of the South-east continuing cultural and spiritual significance to Marine Region. For the purpose of this report, uses are Indigenous communities defined as 'human activity that has a physical or legal presence within the Region'. marine research and education – where the Region is home to CSIRO Marine Research, This Report is part of a package of assessment products Australia's largest marine research organisation designed to support a wider understanding of the uses of the Region. Within this process the National minerals – where sites exist offering future Oceans Office and the Bureau of Rural Sciences have opportunities for new sources of minerals, such as in explored the nature and location of the uses in the Ringarooma Bay off north-eastern Tasmania where Region and the socio-economic links of uses with there is a current exploration permit for tin coastal communities. As well, two consultancies have investigated two other areas of importance to regional ocean waste disposal – where the Region's oceans marine planning: non-market economic values and were used to dump chemicals, ammunition and pressures on uses in the Region. scuttled ships and land-based sources such as sewage and stormwater run-off continue Of the uses within the South-east Marine Region, the most important in terms of their financial and petroleum – where in 1999-2000 199 977 barrels employment contributions are the petroleum, tourism, of oil valued at $3.6 billion and $490 million of gas shipping, ports and fisheries industries. However, was produced from the Gippsland Basin in Bass Strait there are many other uses which may be either ports – where in 1998-99 the Port of Melbourne developing in importance or are of specific importance alone handled international cargo to the value at to local communities or to Australia's cultural identity. over $3.6 billion Uses explored are: recreational fishing – where over three million aquaculture – where production in the Region was people living in the States bordering the Region worth over $100 million in 1999-2000 and is growing regularly engage in recreational fishing activities at an annual rate of around 13% shipping – where cargo shipping alone accounted biotechnology – where there are over 120 biological for nearly 9000 ship movements in the Region in collection sites.
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