Autobiography of James Silk Buckingham;
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Mi'/m k Mi i^C t.i' IJ '. MM pillm .«i^^--5^^^^C-^ >. Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2008 witii funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation Iittp://www.arcliive.org/details/autobiograpliyofj01buck / 1^ J or. oaiL.-Li oijtimajiijgii ; F.x LibrtS . K. OGDEN AUTOBIOGRAPHY JAMES SILK BUCKINGHAM; INCLUDING HIS VOYAGES, TRAVELS, ADVENTURES, SPECULATIONS, SUCCESSES AND FAILURES, FAITHFULLY AND FRANKLY NAEBATED INTERSPERSED WITH CHARACTEEISTIC SKETCHES OF PUBLIC MEN WITH WHOM HE HAS HAD INTERCOURSE, DURING A PERIOD OF MORE THAN FIFTY YEARS. WITH A PORTRAIT. VOL. I. LONDON: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS. 1855. The Author of this Work notifies that he reserves the right of translating it. London : A. and (j A. Spottiswoode, >few-streeUSquaie. TTRT?ARY UNIVER?Trv or - ^ T tfoRNIA 1> SANTA BARBARA ?8A3 PREFACE. This Book will surprise many, and entertain, it is hoped, not a few; but, above all, it will help to in- struct the humblest of its readers in one of the most important lessons adapted to their condition — namely, that there is no obscurity of birth, no privation of property, and no opposition either of powerful indi- viduals, or still more powerful public bodies and go- vernments, that may not be overcome, by industry, integrity, zeal, and perseverance ; — no depth of mis- fortune, from which the victim may not hope to emerge, by labour, economy, temperance, and that single-mindedness which regards the faithful dis- charge of duty as the great object to which all others must be made subordinate. In illustration of this truth, these pages will con- tain a full, frank, and impartial detail of the prin- A 2 IV PREFACE. cipal events of my life, in all its varied vicissitudes of extreme want and abundant wealth ; of original obscurity and subsequent popularity ; of perilous ad- ventures by sea and land, over a range of some of the most interesting countries of the globe ; — of en- terprises and speculations, successes and failures ; of projects still regarded as Utopian, and of others hap- pily realised ; of personal intercourse with some of the very lowest classes of mankind, and of interviews, banquets, and entertainments in the palaces of kings, princes, and potentates. The work will also be inter- spersed with delineations of the characters of a host of public men, in our own and other countries, with whom, in the long course of half a century, it has been my lot to become acquainted ; accompanied by an exposition of some of the secret springs of conduct, in striking contrast with the public motives avowed by many of the most prominent actors in the great drama of political life, in clubs, senates, and cabinets. I dedicate the work to no patron, but offer it to the consideration and judgment of my countrymen at large ; and shall be amply rewarded for the labour of its composition, if its wide diffusion shall bring it PREFACE. V within the reach of the classes most likely to need its teachings, and to profit by its example. May it help to rouse them from the apathy which is the usvial accompaniment of hopeless toil, and inspire them with an ambition to elevate themselves by their own eiforts, so as to end their lives with a pleasing retro- spect of progress made, and a well founded belief that they will leave the world something better than they found it, by their labours to promote improvement in the health, wealth, knowledge, and virtue of their contemporaries, as the best legacy that can be left to those who are to come after them. J. S. BUCKINGHAM. Stanhope Lodge, St. John's Wood. A 3 261 CONTENTS. CHAPTER L Page Reasons for writing this Autobiography - - - 1 - - Outline sketch of its proposed character and contents 3 Birth, Parentage, and Family Portraits - - - 4 Squadrons of Sir Edward Pellew and Sir John Warren - Gaiety of the harbour of Palmouth and village of Flushing - 8 Boat- racing, and sailing of frigates and packets - - 10 - Earliest aspirations after a sea life - - - 1 Efforts to check my fondness for the sea - - - 1 - Description of a village school in Devonshhe - - 1 Death of my fathei-, and return from school - - - 14 Rising of the Cornish miners for cheap bread - - - 15 Striking incident in suppressing a riot - - - 1 Early intimacy with Quakers, retained through life - - 19 Rural sports, and farm-house manners in early days - - 20 CHAP. n. Excitement of the French Revolution, in 1792 - - 28 Punished for imprudence in a loyal demonstration - - 29 Description of a Cornish funeral, in 1794 - - - 30 Great prevalence of intemperance in all classes - - 33 Boat exploits, and nan'ow escape from drowning - - 37 Design to have me educated for the Church - - 40 Sir Edward Pellew takes me on board his frigate - - 41 Become a writer of female servants' love-letters - - 42 Influence of this occupation on my disposition - - 43 Ambitious dreams of naval distinction ... 4:5 Dibdin's sea songs feeding this ambition - - - 44 A 4 Vlll CONTENTS. CHAP. ni. Page My going to sea at length determined on - 45 Sent accoi-dingly to a Naval Academy at Falmouth - 46 Contemporaries at this school, and characteristic portraits 48 Early victim of love.—Romantic display of passion - 50 First conception of religious feelings and views 54 Attractions of a sea-life absorbing all others - 57 Appointed to the Lady Harriett, at nine years old 58 First outfit for sea : pride and delight in the costume -. 6.1 Ambition to excel in all boat evolutions 61 Preparations for departm-e on my first voyage to Lisbon 62 Mercantile adventure for trading with the Portuguese 63 CHAP. IV. Sailing from Falmouth, after adieus and struggles 65 First impressions of the grandeur of the Ocean 65 Coasting along the shores of Spain and Portugal 66 Enti-ance to Lisbon, bar of the Tagus 68 Escort of Guarda-Costas, or revenue vessels - 69 Magnificent aspect of the Portuguese capital - 69 Singular scene of oflicial smuggling - 70 Peculiarities of the Portuguese Population 73 Public edifices and other objects of interest 75 Opportunities for reading afforded at sea 76 CHAP. V. Second voyage to Lisbon in the same ship - '.^ Anecdote of a celebrated Portuguese wrestler 79 Encounter with this hero, and his triumph 80 Singular mode of enforcing pajonent of debt - 82 Efiiciency of this maritime machineiy of justice 83 Splendid barge of the Queen of Portugal 84 Bathing parties of ladies and gentlemen of the court 85 Reminiscence of Cleopatra's voyage on the Cydnus 85 Free manners of the Court and general society 86 Sacred names of wine-shops and ships of war - 86 Anecdote of a smuggler and revenue searcher 88 Enthusiastic enjoyments of seamen on shore - 90 1 CONTENTS. IX CHAP. VI. Page Disastrous issue of my tliird voyage to Lisbon - - 9 Ludicrous anecdote of a pretended interpreter - - 92 Capture by a French corvette.—English miitineers - - 93 Seamen from the English frigate Hermione among the crew - 95 Confinement of prisoners in the ship's hold.—Suffocation - 96 Short supply of water, and increased difficulties of drinking - 97 Arrival at the Spanish port of Corunna, at ten years old - 100 Imprisonment there, and scanty suppHcs of food - - 102 Love adventure with the daughter of the Superintendant - 103 Orders for our release, to march to Oporto and Lisbon - 105 General joy at the prospect of regaining our liberty - - 105 CHAP, vn. Setting out on our march through Galicia - - - io7 Description of our party.—Scanty travelling allowance - 109 Scenery of the way.—Benevolence of Spanish women - - 109 Lodging in stables. —Costume and manners of muleteers - 111 Fires lighted to defend us fi-om wolves on the snowy mountains 112 Kindness of the seamen towards ladies and children - - 114 Arrival at the city of Santiago di Compostella - - 115 Midnight serenade of a Spanish lover - - - 116 Journey to Vigo. —Fraternisation of Spanish and English sailors 118 March to Oporto. —Frontiers of Spain and Portugal - - 121 Description of Oporto, Coimbra, and Abrantes - - 126 Descent of the Tagus from Santarem to Lisbon - - 130 CHAP. vni. The English fleet of Sir John Jervis entering the Tagus - 131 Followed by the prizes taken by him off Cape St. Vincent - 131 Impressment of our own party by the ships of war - - 1 32 Embark in the Prince of Wales packet for England - - 133 Reluctance of my mother to permit me to go to sea again - 134 Happy stay at home after my captivity - - - 134 Placed with a Bookseller at Plymouth Dock - - 135 Life led there.—Association with naval oflBcers - - 135 CONTENTS. Page Extravagant expenditure.— Story of a Negro cook 138 Visits to the Theatre.—Composition of a five act Drama 140 Reasons for its not being presented for representation 141 CHAP. IX. Complete change in the current of my life - - - 143 Sincere repentance. — Strong religious impressions - - 143 Intense study of controversial divinity - - - 145 Conviction of the truth of Calvinistic doctrines - - 145 Public baptism in the meeting-house of Devonport - - 146 Practical illustration of Infant Baptism - - - 147 Public preaching in the pulpit at fifteen years of age - - 149 Intimacy with the Rev. Dr. Hawker, of Plymouth - - 150 Gradual relaxation and relapse into worldliness ~ - 151 Revival of my passion for a sea-life again - - - 1 52 Entry as a volunteer on board a ship of war - - - 152 Severe discipline. —Frequent and capricious punishments - 153 Horrid spectacle of a deserter flogged round the fleet - - 154 Risked a similar fate, by running from the ship - - 159 Successful concealment and disguise, and final escape - 160 Safe arrival once more in the bosom of my family - - 162 Attempt to induce me to follow the profession of the Law - 163 CHAP. X. Life of ease and pleasure passed on shore - - - 1 65 Cultivation of music, and passion for the art - - - 165 Remarkable history of a Negro musician - - - 166 Liberality of London composers and artists towards him - 170 Voyage of recreation and amusement to the Scilly Islands - 172 Singularly primitive state of society there - - - 1 74 Voyage from Scilly to Milford Haven - - - 177 Agreeable associations, and gay life and manners - - 178 Death ofmy dear mother while absent here.—Speedy return home 179 Property left in trust.