Temperence Pioneers of the West : Personal and Incidental Experiences
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^^ y&.^ii^J^cr /^<^r TEMPERANCE PIONEERS OF THE WEST. PERSONAL AND INCIDENTAL EXPERIENCES, BY THOMAS HUDSON, Felloiv of the Royal Statistical Society. WxW} portrait. SECOND EDITION. PUBLISHED FOR THE AUTHOR AT THE NATIONAL TEMPERANCE PUBLICATION DEPOT, 337, STRAND, W.C. 1888. Butler & Tanner, The Selwood Printing Works, Frome, and London. A/ V so 20 ^ /see NOTES AND CORRECTIONS TO SECOND EDITION. P^g^ 33- The meeting stated to have been held in Brunswick Square Congregational Chapel on the 29th of June, 1835, took place in the Old Assembly Rooms. The date of the one held in the chapel cannot be ascer- tained, but the author was present at both meetings, and Joseph Eaton spoke on each occasion. Page 39, line 4 of the poetry, for "midnight bowl" read "midnight brawl." P^-ge 75. Samuel Bowly was born on March 23rd, 1802, and died on March 23rd, 1884. Page 81. In the list of names of the Alexander family, that of Frederick, aged 75, was inadvertently omitted, but the average stated (78 years) is correct. " Page 113, line \%,for Jas." read "James." Page 147, line ly, for "pioneers of teetotalers" read "pioneers of tee- totalism." Page 163, line i, for "June" read "January," 1841. Line 6, for "Sharp," read "Smart." *' " " Page 172, line 24, for Bayley read Bayly." Page 208. Theodore Compton was the first Secretary of both the National Temperance Society and the Temperance Provident Institution, but these were not "united," though the business of each was conducted at 39, Moor- gate Street, London, E.C. " " " Page 217, line 6, for Castilian read Castalian." " " Page 217, line 19, and page 218, line \Z, for Paul ^m^"Paull." Page 218, line 13, and page 222, lines 9 and 22,/?^ "Gavid" read "Gaved." Page 228, line 7, and page 229, lines 13 and \%, for "Martin" read *'Martyn." " " Page 257, line 21, for "William read "John Allen. " " " " Page 272, line 5, for National read London Temperance League. 245 WILLIAM ISAAC PALMER, ESQ., J.P., WHO HAS LONG HONOURED ME WITH HIS FRIENDSHIP, I DEDICATE, IN RECOGNITION OF HIS DISTINGUISHED DEVOTION TO THE TEMPERANCE CAUSE, THESE PERSONAL RECOLLECTIONS OF THE FAITHFUL, HEROIC MEN OF A BY-GONE GENERATION. PREFACE " I HAVE observed that a reader seldom peruses a book with pleasure," says the old Spectator, ''till he knows whether the author of it be a black or fair man, of a mild or choleric disposition, married or a bachelor, with other particulars of a like nature that conduce very much to the right understanding of an author." To furnish, in imitation of so quaint an example, a circumstantial account of my personal peculiari- ties, would be, to those who do not know me, far from edifying, and to those who do, quite super- fluous. In the following pages, however, liberty has been taken casually to allude to such parts ** of my history as may be supposed to conduce to " the right understanding of the writer and his book. As an architect would not presume to erect an elaborate portico unsuitable to a building of very humble pretensions, I shall simply state, as a reason for the publication of this volume, that repre- sentations were made to me that a memento of my 3 4 Preface. long connection with the Temperance cause, in a more permanent form than my platform utterances, would be acceptable to my friends, and perchance might, in a still wider sphere, prove interesting and useful. Influenced by these considerations, I have written, and now commend to the attention of the reader, the narration of my incidental experiences and per- sonal acquaintance with the Temperance Pioneers of the West. THOMAS HUDSON. July, 1887. CONTENTS PART I. CITY AND COUNTY OF BRISTOL. PAGE CHAPTER I. Early Years. —Bristol Riots, 1831.—Schoolboy Days. —Home Life.— Signing the Pledge.— First Public Speech . u CHAPTER II. Robert Charleton. —Joseph Eaton.—James Teare's Onslaught on Religious Drinkers.— Edward Thomas. —Fish Women.— The Barley Difficulty Solved.— Samuel Capper.— B. D. Collens.—Charles Gilpin. —John Ashton. — Sad Case of De- clension 25 CHAPTER III. Monster Tea Party.— Speeches of James Silk Buckingham, " " Nat Bailey, and Others.—The Secret of Success in Oratory 48 CHAPTER IV. First Annual Meeting and Procession.—Mobs and Personal Violence. — Action at Law against Three Well-known Quakers 57 PART II. GLOUCESTERSHIRE. CHAPTER I. — Benjamin Parsons : His Work and Character. Josiah Hunt, the Typical Farmer.—Samuel Bowly.—The Horsepools.— Little Dog Charlie .67 CHAPTER II. Cirencester. —The Early Men.—Remarkable Family.—Chris- topher Bowly 's Gift.— Singular Adventure.—William Isaac Palmer.— Handel Cossham, M.P. 81 5 Contents. PART III. i SOMERSETSHIRE. 1 PAGE • I. CHAPTER \ ' Bath.—The Great Visit of Samuel Flood, 1823.— — Taylor.——Early Meetings and Men of the Period. Great Opposition. Sam \ Sly's Satires. —Visit to Cheddar.—William Tanner.—Sidcot School . 97 \ CHAPTER U. i and Clark.— The Moral Condition of Street. —For- i Cyrus James — — mation of the West of England League. John Clough. \ Bridgwater.—Francis James Thompson.—James Teare's — j Visit. Commemorative Meetings in 1 HI. CHAPTER \_ William Woolhouse Robinson.—William Wilkins Gale. —W. — | H. Turner. Thomas Spencer 132 \ CHAPTER IV. \ William — — — Richard Baker. John Perry. Isaac Phelps. "Betty" \ — a . Vickery and her Husband. How to Celebrate Jubilee 140 \ PART IV. \ WILTSHIRE AND DORSETSHIRE. j CHAPTER I. j Publican. — Gale. — Clark. — — A Royal Henry Samuel Corsham. \ Festive Meetings. —Remarkable Cure without Alcohol.— I Melksham.—Thomas Hudson The Old Tee- (Not R.N.).—— | — i total Worthies— of Trowbridge. Devizes. George Washing- ton Anstie. John James Fox 151 1 i CHAPTER II. — — \ Origin of the Calne Society. William Grundy and the Vicar. 1 Parish Clerk.—Blind Pensioner.—Tom — Worsnop's Compli- j ments. Those who Remain.— Market Lavington.—The \ Russell Mill —Mere.— Charles — Family. Jupe. John Farley ] Rutter.—A Model Society 163 1 I CHAPTER III. I — k Shaftesbury. Charles Garrett, Wesleyan Ex-President and John j Cassell.—John Rutter.—The Gillingham Pioneers. —The 1 Poole Temperance Jubilee 178 j Contents. PART V. CORNWALL. CHAPTER L Visit to Cornwall. — Introduction to Francis Harvey, Ex- periences at Hayle, Truro, Camborne, and Redruth 189 CHAPTER H. St. Ives. —The Fishermen. —William Docton. — First Pulpit Address.—Penzance.—Captain Edward Thomas.—"Bosen" Smith and Boanerges.—Robert Matthews.—Ten Days' Sojourn in the Scilly Islands.—Want of Previous Training. —Adventure at a Temperance Hotel. — Putting "too much " Sabbath into Sunday . ... 202 CHAPTER III. Bodmin Harvest Supper.—The People whom I Met.—A Col- loquy about Henry Mudge.— His Distinguished Services.— The Musical Doctor 217 CHAPTER IV. Perilous Voyage down the Bristol Channel. —Exciting Meetings at Padstow.—A St. Issey Man and his Wife. —The Young Local Preacher.— St. Enodock Church. —A Walk over the Sands. — Oratory in a Vapour Bath 226 CHAPTER V. Primitive Modes of Travelling. — Horseback Experiences. —Wil- liam K. Norway.— St. Austell. —"Father" Moore.—Genius and Leather. —Difficulties at Mevagissey.—C. W. Peach. — —The Methodist Hymn-Book.— Lostwithiel.— Dr. Lanyon. Joseph Jeffery and my Recent Visit 235 CHAPTER VL Early Doings at Liskeard.—The Kingston and Eliott Families. —Opening of the Temperance Hall. —My First Visit— Music.— Ehott.—Reverence for his —Looe. — John Memory. Odd Mistake.— Fowey.—William Hewitt : his Eccen- tricities and Devotion, — Captain Lobb 253 CHAPTER VII. Falmouth. —The Early Men.— Flushing. —James Silk Bucking- ham, John Wesley, and James Teare. —Personal Testimony 267 8 Contents. PART VI. DEVONSHIRE. PAGE CHAPTER I. Exeter.—Meeting at the Athenaeum.—Robert Were Fox.— Samuel Garrett.— Drawing the Bow at a Venture.—The Shapcott Family.— Lynton, Combemartin, Barnstaple.— " — — Braunton : A Set-to." Personal Encounter. Zeal and Imprudence 277 CHAPTER II. Bideford.—John Pickard, James M'Kenna, and Mrs. Pick- ard. —Holdsworthy.—Meeting at the Globe Inn.—Novel Theory for Shutting up Public Houses.— Tavistock. — Estimates of the Same Man. — and Opposite— — Temperance Peace. Devonport and Plymouth. Edmund Fry : his Remarkable Abilities and Disinterested Devotion . 288 CHAPTER III. Modbury.—George Prideaux.—Juvenile Teetotal Meetings. — Robert Cove.— Proposed Journey in a Coal Cart.— Kings- • bridge.—Festival at Barnstaple.—Re-Visit to Ilfracombe, and Departure for Bristol.— Conclusion .... 301 PART I. CITY AND COUNTY OF BRISTOL. CHAPTER I. A UTOBIOGRAPHICAL. If there be any truth in the generally accepted '' the proposition that the child is father to man," there were not wanting in my case early indications of those mental and moral qualities, such as they are, which have since governed and regulated my life in all its moods and declensions. While yet in my teens, I was strongly possessed with a desire to hear, irrespective of orthodoxy or heterodoxy, the eminent and of the and most popular preachers day ; if only a man was worth hearing, I went to listen. Bristol was then renowned for its pulpit orators, such as Thomas Roberts, Robert Hall, William Thorp, John Leifchild, and Dr. Lant Carpenter; and these were supplemented by equally famous men from London and other parts of the country. William Jay, James Parsons, James Sherman, Adam Clarke, John Angell James, Dr. Chalmers, and the eccentric Rowland Hill, occasionally visited the old with one or two it was city ; and, exceptions, my privilege to hear all these distinguished men. Notwithstanding my broad and eclectic pro- clivities, I regularly attended with the family the 12 Te77iperance Pio7teers of the West, chapel belonging to the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion, and in the Sunday School attached had for my teacher the late Rev. Joseph Sortain, B.A., "a man of rare eloquence," as his In Memoriam tablet sets forth, who afterwards settled at Brighton, " and among whose hearers, during the season," were to be observed eminent statesmen, poets, and other literary men of the period. That I might hear to profit and understand the reason of things, I was desirous to learn the exact meaning of the used the and for language by preachers ; this purpose, out of my savings, bought a pocket edition of Dr.