DOCSLIB.ORG

Shipbuilding from Its Beginnings

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

n a :% \, m \ : w z ^NOiiniusNi.NViNOSHiiws^sa i ava m_librar i es^smithsonianjnstitution ^nou nvinoshj.ws S3 i ava s L i brar i es^smithsonian^institution 2 I B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOUniUSNriMVINOSHlMS ~S3 I a Va a I B I I M 'SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION NOIiniliSNI~WlNOSHilWS ^S3 I a\/a a "Tl X '^MITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION^NOIiniliSNrNVINOSHllWS^Saiavaan^LIBRARIES^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION^NO!- .< xS5™S\ 1! ,- - v ^\> /J^X - ^^ - >• to Z S '. Z !/) 2 t/> Z y) Z LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIifUliSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3iava8M LIB SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUliSNI - NVIN0SH1IWS S3 I a Va 9 II w w w in <n 5 2 ^ ^ ,.—^ 5 *< w "* • « w .^. <3SSX ^ /?^TX w ^ s ^ X?3£2X /SSSSK&X „ /&»$J\ - /32«tbD\ « > * ^ /s#^ *> Z -J Z _l -2 -J Z —1 Z —I 'nvinoshiins ssiavaan libraries Smithsonian institution NouruiiSNi nvinoshiiiais ssiavaan libraries smithsonian^institution^no > l - U _ <y, _ _ _ SMITHSONIAN |NSTITUTION 'N0linillSNI NVINOSHlll«S S3 iavaail LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION N0linillSNI NVIN0SHIIWS S3 I ava 9 H ^Ll I _ &1 ^ Z t/, :Z CO w 'NVINOSHlUNS S3iavaan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN |NSTITUTION NOIiniliSNI~NVINOSHllWS S3iaVaan*"LIBRARIEs"SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION "NC =, — «) ^ tf> v) ^ z \ ^ « -j. —^_ r -i z _i z _i z ' _i z _j SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlflJLl JLSNI NVIN0SH1IIMS S3iavaan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIiniliSNI NVINOSHillMS S3iaVaaiT LI ^ ^ z r- z r- z r^ Z r- z nvinoshiiws saiavaan libraries Smithsonian institution NOixniiiSNi nvinoshiiws saiavaan libraries Smithsonian institution^ Nl . c/? : w z v/ . w ^ c/) 2: w ^ .. 2: . N - P \$*4ix<y - : Z co — co "~LIBRARIES_SMITHS0N1AN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH11WS S3iavaaiT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN JNSTITUTION NOIinillSNI _NVIN0SH1IIMS S3 .# > Xis^a^ § >N^ >' s X^Sgg^ >• 2 XT > X*i^ s *S^> 5 ' 2 ^^j^/ >' w OT Nounii±SNi_NviNOSHiiws"> , NoiiniusNi NviN0SHiiws S3iyvaan libraries^smithsonian institution S3iavyan libraries"smithsonian ini libraries Smithsonian institution aan libraries Smithsonian institution NoiinmsNi mvinoshiiims saiavaan NoiinmsNi nvinoshiiws s: ' — t- r- t r- -? - 2 r _ Z i- -p- — E co 5 o \ 5 en S en 5 riON NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWS SSiaVaSH LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3 I a Va a M L I B R AR I ES SMITHSONIAN IN , . co 21 CO co z- co 2 2 .v,- w SMITHSONIAN_INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S: 811 - LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI — NVIN0SH1IWS SBiaVaaiT LIBRARIES in =, in in 5 co 2 — Z -J Z NOIinillSNI^NVINOSHlllMS^SS lavaaiT^LIBRARI ES^ SMITHSONIAN^ IN TION^NOIinillSNI^NVINOSHllWS^SS I avaan^LIBRARI ES SMITHSONIAN |NSTITUTION = ^2?X £ V 2 x^S^x 5 /£S£&5\ 2 Afo 5 /£^X 2 /S&\ 5 V „ 8 /<S&\ /^ff^\ 8 5A => I NVINOSHillNSS 8H LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3iavaan L I B RAR ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI '•., IP ^r < 2 </> w a va i-Tli r ar i es"^smithsonian_in °N0iiniiisNi NoiiniiisNi_NviNOSHiiws^s3 1 a b noN NViN0SHiiws s3 1 a va a n\i b rar i es^smithsonian ^institution J 2 ian~LIBRARIES~SMITHS0NIAN"lNSTITUTI0N"N0linillSNl" NVIN0SHHWS S3iaVaan~LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSHIIWSS: 1- ^- r- 2 r- ^ 5 Z ^z^ o . - AX - w NouruiJ.sNi NviNOSHiiws S3 1 a va 9 II^LI B R AR 1 es"smi UT10N z M — /iZ*i '^~s\ PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION Navigation Congresses 38, Rue de Louvain, 38 BRUSSELS PBUILD1NG FROM BEGINNINGS VOL. I 4197'! LIBRARY ENGINEER SCHOOL U.S. ARMY (333.809 +K83«3,S v.l, set 3 Books are loaned from the Engineer School Library for period of 30 days, renewable in the discretion of the Commandant of the Engineer School. Borrowers of books will be held responsible for their return in good condition. Books lost, mut- ilated, or otherwise damaged will be charged against person borrowing the same. By Order of Commanding Officer SHIPBUILDING FROM ITS BEGINNINGS SHIPBUILDING FROM ITS BEGINNINGS BY E. VAN KONIJNENBURG, c.e„ ENGINEER OF THE RIJKSWATERSTAAT OF THE NETHERLANDS - 1 895 I 905 PUBLISHED ' ~ BY , U. S. Ene THE PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION sch RECEIVED OF CONGRESSES OF NAVIGATION 2*1^ EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE — OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY GENERAL 3S, RUE DE LOUVAIN, 38 BRUSSELS VOL. I TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PaB e P'ge PREFACE ii The Pinnace 46 The Katship 72 square-stern The ship . Division of Europe according to the 47 Ship of the Dutch East India Company 72 The Flute — the Ruff the . shape of vessels : Northern centre — — Smack 47 The Boeier 72 Baltic Sea — Southern centre — Transition of the ship of the XVIth cent- The Howker 72 Mediterranean Sea. ury to that of the XVIlth centurj- . 49 The Bush 72 SOUTHERN CENTRE. The war ship (first war navy) .... 49 The Hekboot 72 France 52 The Straetsvaerder Chapter I 13 73 England The Stokker The Egyptians 13 53 73 The Netherlands The Frigate The Phoenicians 17 54 73 Merchant marine of the Netherlands . The Galliot The Greeks and Romans 19 57 73 Use of the frigate 58 The Galeas The Mediterranean in the Middle Ages . 23 74 Fireships The Kofi Galleys 23 58 74 Chapter III 61 The Smak Types of ships in the XVIIIth century. 28 75 The Smalschip and the Wijdschip. NORTHERN CENTRE. Classification of vessels 65 75 I. — War ships 65 The Damlooper 75 Chapter II 33 The Tjalk , for over seas navi- 76 Vikings' vessel The Schuit and the Poon 34 Sation 66 76 II. - Merchant ! • . The Cog 36 for the coasting The Kaag 76 vessels ) Influence of the Crusades 38 The Steigerschuit ' trade .... 66 77 Use of the rudder 38 The Yacht III. — Ferries 67 77 The galley in the Netherlands .... Boeierschuit 39 IV. — Vessels for sundry uses .... 67 The 77 Use of Artillery 40 . V. — Boats intended for the upper rivers The Pleit 77 Baertzen 40 (Bovenlanders) 68 The Otter 77 Krayers and Hulken 41 VI. — Fishing vessels 70 The Mot 78 Use of carvel laid planking 41 The Spitsche Mot 78 Chapter IV 71 in . The ship the XVIth century 44 The Ever . 78 Description the types vessels . \ Use of the square-stern ship 44 of of 71 The Bremerkahn 78 Use of the ports 45 The Pinnace 71 The Potten and the Pujen 78 The Flyboat 45 The Flyboat 71 The Snijboon and the Somp or Pegge . 79 Page Rag* The Hoogeveensche Praam 79 The Dorstensche Aak ... 89 The Hoogaars 99 (pram) The Praam 79 The Stevenschip 90 The Steekschuit . 100 The Koftjalk 81 The Turfijker and the Hagenaar ... 90 The Hengst 100 The Kraak 82 The Keen 90 The Botter 100 '. The Skiff . 82 The Keenaak 90 The Blazer 100 The Ponton 82 The Lahnaak and the Slof 91 The Lemmeraak 100 The Halve Pont or Pijper 83 The Mouse 91 The Bolle and the Knots 100 The Gierpont 83 The Whalemajol, etc 91. The Jol 101 The Kubelveerpont 83 Use of fishing boats on the Zuiderzee 101 Chapter V '..... TheBok 84 93 The Waterschip 102 The Snik 84 fishing boats ..'.... ... 93 The Westlander Chapter VI 103 85 The Egmonder Pink 93 The Kaag 85 The Bush 93 Belgian craft 103 The Utrecht Pram 85 The Kwee and the Hoekerbuis . 96 The Tournaisien 103 The Schouw 86 The Hoeker (howker) 96 The Chaland 103 The Trekschuit 86 The Haringjager and the Buisconvoyer . 96 The Belandre 103 The Yacht 86 The Sloep (sloop) 96 The Pointu 104 The Baggeraak . 86 The Logger (lugger) 97 The Prij 104 The Bagger- or . Moddermolen 87 The Bom 07 Chapter VII 105 The Tjotter 88 The Garnalenschuit 97 The Laadbak and the Zolderschuit . 88 The Scholschuit Development of the types of vessels in or Bazaanschuit ... 97 The Onderlegger 88 The Zwartewaalsche the North-East of Europe in relation Gaffelaar .... 97 to the first The Schokker g8 inhabitants of the Nether- THE BOVENLANDERS 89 The Haringschuit lands 99 105 The Rhine 80 The Punter and the Gondel 99 Between the floating trunk of a tree and the most complete ship, there have come into existence all sorts of intermediate forms, of which most are still to be found even in our day. Noah, according, to the writers of antiquity, must have been the first shipwright. The old authors enter into circumstantial details on this subject and give various drawings of Noah's " ark ». Several of these drawings are reproduced in the atlas of this work. The only value of these reproductions of the ark lies in the fact that they probabby represent a ship of the time of their author. It must also be noted that the first shipbuilder is as entirely unknown as the first inventor of the boat. That which is beyond is that the mutual influences of various nations any doubt ; have been important factors in the evolution of the ship. This latter, on its side, served to bring into contact nations widely separated OLLAND'S struggle for life has been by water and to open up countries as yet unexplored. a constant battle against the inva- Hence shipbuilding must first have shone forth, under these sion of water. If this has been, conditions, among the most civilized races. on. the one hand, an enemy to be Mexico and Peru excepted, it may be said that civilization feared, it has been, on the other, was developed first among the Chinese in the valley of the the natural line of communication Hoang-Ho, then among the Babylonians in the valley of the Tigris above all others which has made and Euphrates, and among the Egyptians in the valley of the our ancestors, since time imme- Nile. morial, a nation of seamen. The The question of knowing whether the Babylonians learned boat was a necessity as indispensa- shipbuilding from the Chinese, or the reverse, is one of minor ble as the house. importance. It is certain however that reciprocal influences were It is impossible to say who at work among the races of Asia Minor and there is no doubt invented the boat; every one has contributed his mite to its that the Babylonians influenced the Phoenicians, the pioneer building and this has given rise to its gradual development.
Recommended publications
  • Association of Unit Owners Contact List

    Association of Unit Owners Contact List

    Association of Unit Owners Contact List Project Name/Number AOUO Designated Officer for Direct Contact/Mailing Address Management Company/Telephone Number APARTMENTS GUIA PRESIDENT 311 OHUA AVE #401A HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 703 MELO HONOLULU HI 96815 8085939100 1001 WILDER WAYNE PRESIDENT 1520 LILIHA ST 711 CITY PROPERTIES INC Reg.# 5 LEONIDA HONOLULU HI 96817 8085241455 1010 WILDER RICHARD TREASURER 1010 WILDER AVE 1602 SELF MANAGED Reg.# 377 KENNEDY HONOLULU HI 96822 8085241961 1011 PROSPECT RICHARD PRESIDENT 1188 BISHOP ST STE 2503 CERTIFIED MGMT INC Reg.# 1130 CONRADT HONOLULU HI 96813 8088360911 1015 WILDER LINDA PRESIDENT 1015 WILDER AVE #905 HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 1960 FUJITANI HONOLULU HI 96822 8085939100 1037 KAHUAMOKU VITA PRESIDENT 94-1037 KAHUAMOKU ST #3 OISHI'S PROP MGMT CORP Reg.# 1551 VILI WAIPAHU HI 96797 8089499499 1040 KINAU JERRY PRESIDENT 55 S JUDD ST #607 HAWAIIAN PROPERTIES LTD Reg.# 527 ZAK HONOLULU HI 96817 8085399777 1041 KAHUAMOKU ALLAN PRESIDENT 94-1041 KAHUAMOKU ST #404 CEN PAC PROPERTIES INC Reg.# 1623 IGE WAIPAHU HI 96797 8085932902 1054 KALO PLACE BRAD PRESIDENT 5101 PALAOLE PLACE HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 5450 ACKERMAN HONOLULU HI 96821 8085939100 1073 KINAU ROBERT PRESIDENT 1073 KINAU ST #1101 HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 616 CHAR JR HONOLULU HI 96814 8085939100 1111 WILDER BRENDAN PRESIDENT 1111 WILDER AVE #7A HAWAIIAN PROPERTIES LTD Reg.# 228 BURNS HONOLULU HI 96822 8085399777 1112 KINAU LINDA Y SOLE OWNER 1112 KINAU ST PH SELF MANAGED Reg.# 1295 NAKAGAWA HONOLULU HI 96814 8085457816 1133 WAIMANU
  • Texts and Documents

    Texts and Documents

    MedicalHistory, 1977,21:182-186. Texts and Documents AN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY BILL OF HEALTH OF THE ORDER OF ST. JOHN FROM MALTA by PAUL CASSAR* DURING iTS two hundred and sixty-eight years of domination over the Maltese Islands (1530-1798), the Order of St. John of Jerusalem waged an unceasing war against the Barbary and Turkish pirates in the Mediterranean. Those who escaped death were enslaved by the victor, irrespective of sex or age, or whether they were combatants or simply passengers and crews of unarmed vessels; so much so that slavery came to form a sort of institution regulated by definite rules concerning the selling, employment and ransoming of captives by either side. A Maltese boy, Gio Maria Zammit, was captured by the Barbary corsairs in 1734 at the age of fifteen years and sold as a slave at Tripoli in North Africa. After twelve years in captivity he renounced the Catholic faith and turned Moslem, as he was constrained to do by his master. He subsequently married a Moslem girl by whom he had several children. He finally succeeded in escaping from Tripoli after forty-three years in captivity, and reached Rome with his fourteen-year-old son Joseph. Gio Maria Zammit, by this time sixty-five years old, abjured the Moslem religion, became reconciled with the Catholic faith and had his son baptised in Rome. He eventually came with his son to Malta but being unable to find work, he decided to return to Rome in search of employment. In those days no one could leave Malta without the express permission of the Grand Court of the Castellania.
  • Lime Rock Gazette, Devoted to Commerce, Agriculture, Art, Science, Morality and General Intelligence

    Lime Rock Gazette, Devoted to Commerce, Agriculture, Art, Science, Morality and General Intelligence

    LIME ROCK GAZETTE, DEVOTED TO COMMERCE, AGRICULTURE, ART, SCIENCE, MORALITY AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY RICHARDSON & PORTER. Terms, $1,50 in Advance, $1.75 in six monllis $2,00 nftcr-Advcrtiscnirnls inserted at tile customary prices. VOL. I2AST--THO1I ASTON, JI1LRSDAV, APRIL 1, I S ir. [From the Philadelphia Inquirer ] lie hnd turned nnd walked to n distant deeply interested my feelings. Rut his cicd her face with her hands, after one From the Christian Reflector. window, that she might not see tho strug­ love must triumph over his pride, nnd in­ hasty glance to conceal the confusion . J ,f J ■ ’ PALM ER, is our A uent lor obtain­ THE COQUETTE SUBDUED: gle it cost him to maintain his self-posses­ duce him to overlook tny follies, or I can and humiliation, the conciotisness ot the Lellers from Hayti. ing Subscribers and Advertisements in Boston ami OR THE New York. His Office in Boston, is No. 20 Slate sion, whilst combating (he feelings which never feel satisfied of his entire devo­ bold and passionate, avowal, which Street. In New York, Tribune Buildings. REWARD OF FIRMNESS. would have impelled him to full a slave tio n .’ brought him to her presence, occa­ IIV R EV . 11. A. G RAVES. A G E N T S .—.Titoft.isTOM, J. D. Barnard. S S nt her feet. Tho closing door startled Days nnd weeks passed on, without sioned. Singer ; Belfast, Washburn A- Jordan ; Union I.VCV HAMILTON. ! him. I le turned in chagrin and rnortilica- W hile he ennnllv overcome nt the I roleMant Missions in H ayti— Wesleyan Mis- nny overture on the part of the offender .
  • Treason's Harbour

    Treason's Harbour

    Treason's Harbour Aubrey - Maturin Series BOOK NINE by Patrick O'Brian 'Smoothe runnes the Water, where the Brooke is deepe. And in his simple shew he harbours Treason.' Henry VI CHAPTER ONE A gentle breeze from the north-east after a night of rain, and the washed sky over Malta had a particular quality in its light that sharpened the lines of the noble buildings, bringing out all the virtue of the stone; the air too was a delight to breathe, and the city of Valletta was as cheerful as though it were fortunate in love or as though it had suddenly heard good news. This was more than usually remarkable in a group of naval officers sitting in the bowered court of Searle's hotel. To be sure, they looked out upon the arcaded Upper Baracca, filled with soldiers, sailors and civilians pacing slowly up and down in a sunlight so brilliant that it made even the black hoods the Maltese women wore look gay, while the officers' uniforms shone like splendid flowers. A cosmopolitan crowd, for although most of the colour was the scarlet and gold of the British army many of the nations engaged in the war against Napoleon were represented and the shell-pink of Kresimir's Croats, for example, made a charming contrast with the Neapolitan hussars' silver-laced blue. And then beyond and below the Baracca there was the vast sweep of the Grand Harbour, pure sapphire today, flecked with the sails of countless small craft plying between Valletta and the great fortified headlands on the other side, St Angelo and Isola, and the men-of-war, the troopships and the victuallers, a sight to please any sailor's heart.
  • 2018 – Volume 6, Number

    2018 – Volume 6, Number

    THE POPULAR CULTURE STUDIES JOURNAL VOLUME 6 NUMBER 2 & 3 2018 Editor NORMA JONES Liquid Flicks Media, Inc./IXMachine Managing Editor JULIA LARGENT McPherson College Assistant Editor GARRET L. CASTLEBERRY Mid-America Christian University Copy Editor KEVIN CALCAMP Queens University of Charlotte Reviews Editor MALYNNDA JOHNSON Indiana State University Assistant Reviews Editor JESSICA BENHAM University of Pittsburgh Please visit the PCSJ at: http://mpcaaca.org/the-popular-culture- studies-journal/ The Popular Culture Studies Journal is the official journal of the Midwest Popular and American Culture Association. Copyright © 2018 Midwest Popular and American Culture Association. All rights reserved. MPCA/ACA, 421 W. Huron St Unit 1304, Chicago, IL 60654 Cover credit: Cover Artwork: “Bump in the Night” by Brent Jones © 2018 Courtesy of Pixabay/Kellepics EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD ANTHONY ADAH PAUL BOOTH Minnesota State University, Moorhead DePaul University GARY BURNS ANNE M. CANAVAN Northern Illinois University Salt Lake Community College BRIAN COGAN ASHLEY M. DONNELLY Molloy College Ball State University LEIGH H. EDWARDS KATIE FREDICKS Florida State University Rutgers University ART HERBIG ANDREW F. HERRMANN Indiana University - Purdue University, Fort Wayne East Tennessee State University JESSE KAVADLO KATHLEEN A. KENNEDY Maryville University of St. Louis Missouri State University SARAH MCFARLAND TAYLOR KIT MEDJESKY Northwestern University University of Findlay CARLOS D. MORRISON SALVADOR MURGUIA Alabama State University Akita International
  • Fabio P. Di Vita Greek Ships in Sicily During the 18Th Century

    Fabio P. Di Vita Greek Ships in Sicily During the 18Th Century

    Fabio P. Di Vita Greek ships in Sicily during the 18th century: health practices and commercial relationships 1. Introduction The main aim of this work, conducted within the research project promoted by the Ionian University entitled Greek Shipping History, 1700 – 1821 , is to check the Greek mercantile traffic in the main sicilian harbours between the beginning of the 18th century and the first twenty years of the 19th century. To find useful archival documents I have researched in the archives of Palermo and Messina, where I have consulted the funds Suprema Deputazione Generale di Salute Pubblica , deposited in the archive of Palermo, and Deputazione della Salute, Regia Udienza and Consolato del Mare , conserved in the archive of Messina. By the analisys of the documents related to the working of the maritim sanitary system in the areas of Palermo and Messina it has been possible to check the presence of Greek ships, getting out useful elements as the name, the type and the flag of the ship, the name of the owner and/or the name of the captain, news about the crew, the origin of the ship and commodities transported. These news, opportunely rielaborated, permitted to verify, also, the sea-routes of the ships and the kind of commerce exercised by Greeks in these areas. It has been analyzed, also, the evolution and the way of work of the sicilian maritim health system in the Modern Age, examining important aspects as intervention and protection techniques, the subjects envolved in the administration of the Deputations, the economics resources, the costs of the offered services, the maritime activities needed to make possible operations of loading and unloading in the harbours of Sicily, and, in general, the received treatment for the ships coming from suspected areas.
  • Diaspora Entrepreneurial Networks, C. 1000 – 2000

    Diaspora Entrepreneurial Networks, C. 1000 – 2000

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OAR@UM THIRTEENTH INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC HISTORY CONGRESS BUENOS AIRES 2002 SESSION X: DIASPORA ENTREPRENEURIAL NETWORKS, C. 1000 – 2000 The Maltese Entrepreneurial Networks from the seventeenth century onwards A review of the work done so far Carmel Vassallo University of Malta 1 Migration has been a feature of human existence since the very dawn of history. It has taken various forms and its intensity has varied over time. This century promises to be one of considerable population movements as a consequence of demographic changes presently underway. As populations in the ‘developed’ world plummet it is calculated that countries like Germany, for example, will have to import a million migrants of working age per year by the year 2020, as their own populations become older (The Economist 1 November 2001 Survey: The Next Society). But the clamour for workers from the business sector is often drowned by the opposition to migrants from other sections of society. When these migrant communities are from a markedly different cultural background, with a different religion, a different ethnicity and so on, the tensions can be even greater. Events like the 11 September 2001 and its aftermath have shown how these transnational communities are often percieved as threats to established lifestyles and state security, and potential sources of international terrorism. These transnational communities are often referred to as ethnic diasporas. The term ‘diaspora’, of Greek origin and meaning ‘dispersion’ or ‘scattering’, has come to refer to a very broad range of situations including: migrants in general; political, religious and other refugees and expellees; ethnic and racial minorities and aliens; and so on.
  • EARLY BENGALI PROSE CAREY to Vibyasxg-ER by Thesi S Submit

    EARLY BENGALI PROSE CAREY to Vibyasxg-ER by Thesi S Submit

    EARLY BENGALI PROSE CAREY TO VIBYASXg-ER By Sisirlcumar Baa Thesi s submit ted for the Ph.D. degree in the University of London* June 1963 ProQuest Number: 10731585 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731585 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract Acknowledgment Transliteration Abbreviations; Chapter I. Introduction 1-32 Chapter II. The beginnings of Bengali prose 33-76 Chapter III. William Carey 77-110 Chapter IV. Ramram Basu 110-154 Chapter V. M?ityun;ja^ Bidyalaqikar 154-186 Chapter VI. Rammohan Ray 189-242 Chapter VII. Early Newspapers (1818-1830) 243-268 Chapter VUI.Sarpbad Prabhakar: Ii^varcandra Gupta 269-277 Chapter IX. Tattvabodhi#! Patrika 278-320 Chapter X. Vidyasagar 321-367 Bibli ography 36 8-377 —oOo** ABSTRACT The present thesis examines the growth of Bengali prose from its experimental Beginnings with Carey to its growth into full literary stature in the hands of Vidyasagar. The subject is presented chronologically and covers roughly the first half of the 1 9 th century.
  • Defeating the U-Boat Inventing Antisubmarine Warfare NEWPORT PAPERS

    Defeating the U-Boat Inventing Antisubmarine Warfare NEWPORT PAPERS

    NAVAL WAR COLLEGE NEWPORT PAPERS 36 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE WAR NAVAL Defeating the U-boat Inventing Antisubmarine Warfare NEWPORT PAPERS NEWPORT S NA N E V ES AV T AT A A A L L T T W W S S A A D D R R E E C C T T I I O O L N L N L L U U E E E E G G H H E E T T I I VIRIBU VOIRRIABU OR A S CT S CT MARI VI MARI VI 36 Jan S. Breemer Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen U.S. GOVERNMENT Cover OFFICIAL EDITION NOTICE This perspective aerial view of Newport, Rhode Island, drawn and published by Galt & Hoy of New York, circa 1878, is found in the American Memory Online Map Collections: 1500–2003, of the Library of Congress Geography and Map Division, Washington, D.C. The map may be viewed at http://hdl.loc.gov/ loc.gmd/g3774n.pm008790. Use of ISBN Prefix This is the Official U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identified to certify its authenticity. ISBN 978-1-884733-77-2 is for this U.S. Government Printing Office Official Edition only. The Superintendent of Documents of the U.S. Govern- ment Printing Office requests that any reprinted edi- tion clearly be labeled as a copy of the authentic work with a new ISBN. Legal Status and Use of Seals and Logos The logo of the U.S. Naval War College (NWC), Newport, Rhode Island, authenticates Defeating the U- boat: Inventing Antisubmarine Warfare, by Jan S.
  • Fish Terminologies

    Fish Terminologies

    FISH TERMINOLOGIES Maritime Craft Type Thesaurus Report Format: Hierarchical listing - class Notes: A thesaurus of maritime craft. Date: February 2020 MARITIME CRAFT CLASS LIST AIRCRAFT CATAPULT VESSEL CATAPULT ARMED MERCHANTMAN AMPHIBIOUS VEHICLE BLOCK SHIP BOARDING BOAT CABLE LAYER CRAFT CANOE CATAMARAN COBLE FOYBOAT CORACLE GIG HOVERCRAFT HYDROFOIL LOGBOAT SCHUIT SEWN BOAT SHIPS BOAT DINGHY CUSTOMS AND EXCISE VESSEL COASTGUARD VESSEL REVENUE CUTTER CUSTOMS BOAT PREVENTIVE SERVICE VESSEL REVENUE CUTTER DREDGER BUCKET DREDGER GRAB DREDGER HOPPER DREDGER OYSTER DREDGER SUCTION DREDGER EXPERIMENTAL CRAFT FACTORY SHIP WHALE PROCESSING SHIP FISHING VESSEL BANKER DRIFTER FIVE MAN BOAT HOVELLER LANCASHIRE NOBBY OYSTER DREDGER SEINER SKIFF TERRE NEUVA TRAWLER WHALER WHALE CATCHER GALLEY HOUSE BOAT HOVELLER HULK COAL HULK PRISON HULK 2 MARITIME CRAFT CLASS LIST SHEER HULK STORAGE HULK GRAIN HULK POWDER HULK LAUNCH LEISURE CRAFT CABIN CRAFT CABIN CRUISER DINGHY RACING CRAFT SKIFF YACHT LONG BOAT LUG BOAT MOTOR LAUNCH MULBERRY HARBOUR BOMBARDON INTERMEDIATE PIERHEAD PONTOON PHOENIX CAISSON WHALE UNIT BEETLE UNIT NAVAL SUPPORT VESSEL ADMIRALTY VESSEL ADVICE BOAT BARRAGE BALLOON VESSEL BOOM DEFENCE VESSEL DECOY VESSEL DUMMY WARSHIP Q SHIP DEGAUSSING VESSEL DEPOT SHIP DISTILLING SHIP EXAMINATION SERVICE VESSEL FISHERIES PROTECTION VESSEL FLEET MESSENGER HOSPITAL SHIP MINE CARRIER OILER ORDNANCE SHIP ORDNANCE SLOOP STORESHIP SUBMARINE TENDER TARGET CRAFT TENDER BOMB SCOW DINGHY TORPEDO RECOVERY VESSEL TROOP SHIP VICTUALLER PADDLE STEAMER PATROL VESSEL
  • Assessment of Vessel Requirements for the U.S. Offshore Wind Sector

    Assessment of Vessel Requirements for the U.S. Offshore Wind Sector

    Assessment of Vessel Requirements for the U.S. Offshore Wind Sector Prepared for the Department of Energy as subtopic 5.2 of the U.S. Offshore Wind: Removing Market Barriers Grant Opportunity 24th September 2013 Disclaimer This Report is being disseminated by the Department of Energy. As such, the document was prepared in compliance with Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public Law 106-554) and information quality guidelines issued by the Department of Energy. Though this Report does not constitute “influential” information, as that term is defined in DOE’s information quality guidelines or the Office of Management and Budget's Information Quality Bulletin for Peer Review (Bulletin), the study was reviewed both internally and externally prior to publication. For purposes of external review, the study and this final Report benefited from the advice and comments of offshore wind industry stakeholders. A series of project-specific workshops at which study findings were presented for critical review included qualified representatives from private corporations, national laboratories, and universities. Acknowledgements Preparing a report of this scope represented a year-long effort with the assistance of many people from government, the consulting sector, the offshore wind industry and our own consortium members. We would like to thank our friends and colleagues at Navigant and Garrad Hassan for their collaboration and input into our thinking and modeling. We would especially like to thank the team at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) who prepared many of the detailed, technical analyses which underpinned much of our own subsequent modeling.
  • Wars with the Barbary Powers, Volume IV Part 3

    Wars with the Barbary Powers, Volume IV Part 3

    Naval Documents related to the United States Wars with the Barbary Powers Volume IV Part 3 of 3 Naval Operations including diplomatic background from April to September 6, 1804 United States Government Printing Office Washington, 1942 Electronically published by American Naval Records Society Bolton Landing, New York 2011 AS A WORK OF THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT THIS PUBLICATION IS IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN. 328 NAVAL OPERATIONS, APRILSEPTEMBER 6, 1804 Extract from log book kept by Sailing Master Nathaniel Haraden, U. S. Navy, on board U. S. Frigate Conrtitution. Tuesday, 31 July 1804 Fresh Breezes from the Eastward with a rough Sea Stand' in for Tripoly (Squadron in company) under double reefed TO~S~S15 Courses - The Gun boats and Bombards are invariably continued in Tow by the Squadron - We condemned by survey 804 pounds of cheese Eotton, stinking & unfit for men to eat: the same was hove Overboard - At 1 P. M. we saw Tripoly bearing by compass S S E. We stood in for it till 4 P. M. when we wore to the Northc - The Bashaws Castle S E b S four Leagues - At this time strong breezes & cloudy weather. At 4 past 5 P. M. Tripoly S E b S S. 5 Leagues At 4 past 6 P. M. the wind shifted in a squall from East to N E b N - We sp[l]it the foresail from clew to Earing - In a few minutes after we split the Main Top sail - Unbent both & bent others - From this time till till 8 P. M. we were under a reef'd main- sail and close reefed fore topsail - At 7 down top gall! Yards; As the Gale is nearly dead on shore, it became necessary to press the ship which makes it hazardous in Towing the Gun boats & Bombards - At + past 9 handed the foretopsail; and set a reefed foresail At 10 Rove preventer tacks & sheets - by this time the gale had shifted by degrees to E B N - At Midnight strong gales from the Eastward.