Fabio P. Di Vita

Greek in Sicily during the 18th century: health practices and

commercial relationships

1. Introduction The main aim of this work, conducted within the research project promoted by the Ionian University entitled Greek Shipping History, 1700 – 1821 , is to check the Greek mercantile traffic in the main sicilian harbours between the beginning of the 18th century and the first twenty years of the 19th century. To find useful archival documents I have researched in the archives of Palermo and Messina, where I have consulted the funds Suprema Deputazione Generale di Salute Pubblica , deposited in the archive of Palermo, and Deputazione della Salute, Regia Udienza and Consolato del Mare , conserved in the archive of Messina. By the analisys of the documents related to the working of the maritim sanitary system in the areas of Palermo and Messina it has been possible to check the presence of Greek ships, getting out useful elements as the name, the type and the flag of the , the name of the owner and/or the name of the captain, news about the crew, the origin of the ship and commodities transported. These news, opportunely rielaborated, permitted to verify, also, the sea-routes of the ships and the kind of commerce exercised by Greeks in these areas. It has been analyzed, also, the evolution and the way of work of the sicilian maritim health system in the Modern Age, examining important aspects as intervention and protection techniques, the subjects envolved in the administration of the Deputations, the economics resources, the costs of the offered services, the maritime activities needed to make possible operations of loading and unloading in the harbours of Sicily, and, in general, the received treatment for the ships coming from suspected areas.

2. The sicilian sanitary inspection system in the Modern Age Within sanitary politics adopted by old regime States to face damages producted by the diffusion of epidemic diseases, first of all the plague, have been realized in Italy,

1 between the 14th to the 15th century, sanitary magistratures whose installation put this country in a vangard position compared to european framework. In this context also South Italy, although with different way and time compered to the national framework, provided itself with permanent sanitary inspection system, given that 1656 and 1691 for Naples and 1743 for Sicily were the principal dates for legal production in this topic. The origin of Sopraintendenza della generale salute and the reorganization of the pre-existent citizen sanitary Deputations are due to neapolitan plague of 1656, while, at the end of the seventeenth-century emergency cicle, Conversano’s plague of 1691 marks the trasformation of Deputazione della Salute from a temporary institution linked to the birth of an emergency to a permanent one. In Sicily the decisive element for the institution of a permanent sanitary magistrature was Messina’s plague of 1743, which permitted the birth of Deputazione Generale della Salute , central organism with competence in all the island and with giurisdiction over local health Deputations. It’s clear, therefore, that also in South Italy the epidemical waves quickened the development of a legislation that was able to defend public health in a context of progressive assumption from State of competences traditionally afferent to associations, private charity and Church. Actually, since 1575 it was constituted in Sicily by Senate of Palermo, because of a pandemia of plague that only in Messina produced 40.000 victims, a sanitary magistrature that, even if formally indipendent from viceré and with wide giurisdiction, was in effect subjected to a state control by the Tribunale del Real Patrimonio . Another epidemic emergency, as the terrible Messina’s plague in 1743, led to the emanation of rules about the issue of bills of health, medical-political instructions to be respected in plague-stricken places, regulations for the ecclesiastic government to be practised in infected countries, privileges of the men working for the sanitary care, following one another the proclamations about sanitary cordons, dispositions to be observed along the coasts and in the lazarets and rules about the relationship between central and local Deputations. The epidemic of plague that conducted to the issuing of the above-stated dispositions in sanitary field was determinated by the landing in the harbour of a Genoese merchant ship from Morea, arrived in Messina in March 1743 after a call in Patras, where the disease raged. Actually some seamen died while the ship was ,

2 but this event was kept secret by the captain; it was also fatal the negligence of the Messina’s sanitary deputates who admitted in the citizen lazaret the Genoese ship although the access couldn’t be accepted because of its provenience from Levant. Died after few days both the captain and a seaman, the ship was put under close supervision and the viceré was informed about that. In spite of the strong oppositions from Palermitan sanitary Deputation, which wanted to interrupt commercial relationship with Messina, the Supremo Magistrato di Commercio , who had, since 1740, the control over public health in Sicily, gave only the order of burning the ship and the commodities and keeping people involved, not adopting the opportune measures to avoid the plague to increase rapidly. The same viceré Corsini, even if on the 26th of May issued a circolar order that forbade the landing in sicilian harbours of the ships coming from Messina, awaited until July to issue the necessary measures to protect population from the pandemia. The scrupulous observance of the measures of sanitary policy permitted to Palermo to be free from the infection so that the same Carl III, recognizing the functionality and the efficiency of Palermo’s sanitary Deputation, wanted to assign to it the supervision of the sicilian health, making it also indipendent from all sicilian magistratures. The documents related to the Magistrato di Salute , the regulations and the measures about the plague of Messina, the general statutes given to the magistrates of public health in the Kingdom of Sicily and the instructions of the lazaret of Messina have been published in 1749 within a collection intitled Governo Generale di Sanità del Regno di Sicilia e Istruzioni del Lazzaretto della città di Messina . Within this collection should be pointed out, at first, the dispositions given to the magistrates of public health in the Kingdom of Sicily about the treatment reserved to the ships coming from out of Kingdom. To every captain of these ships, as to each member of the crew, should have been asked, at the arrive in whatever harbour of Sicily and by sanitary custodian, the name, the origin, news about the journey, the load, the number and the sanitary status of the sailors on board. Checked the conformity of acquired answers to the bill of health of the ship, it needed to inform the chief of local sanitary magistrature, to obtain the permit to grant pratique to the ship. Given that, the ship was carefully examined, checking the conformity of done control with declarations given: if positive, it was granted pratique to the ship, if negative it must have taken the necessary

3 measures. In case the ship came from a place naturally suspected or so declared by the Suprema Deputazione Generale di Salute Pubblica , it was necessary warn, without delay, the chief of the local magistrature and put a boat to guard the ship. If occurred any deficiency in the bill of health, the ship had to be evicted, otherwise it needed to impose to the commodities and the crew the opportune quarantine to be spent in the lazaret of Messina. About the measures to eliminate the defects and the deficiencies that the bills of health given to the ships showed in the past, it must to be underlined that if the names of the crew and passengers in the bill of health were not distincted, the ships could have pratique only after a seven days contumacy; the same also in the case of ships coming from local harbours and/or having a clean and clear bill of health. To have bills of health which can absolve this function, it was put in circulation a new model of them and, to eliminate the inconveniences linked to the change of bills, it was ordered that it can be done only in the place in which the journey of the ship was finished. If a ship coming from an infected or suspected place was wrecked in whatever sicilian coast and it was discovered the presence of corpses in the sea, they had been buried in deep hollows, to be filled up with lime and earth, by the survivors to the disaster. In addition to victuals and any other necessary good, it had be given to the survivors a ship by which go away from sicilian coasts withouth any contact with local population in the period between the shipwreck and the eviction. In the case of the ship had be admitted to spend a contumacy period it was be necessary to pass it in a separate and distant place not only from other ships in same conditions but also from ships admitted to pratique. Having need of victuals this ship have had to send its launchs, opportunely escorted by cusodians, to the land and here it has been changed the necessary goods with requested money, taking care to dip the money in vinegar or salt water. If the ship which was in contumacy wanted to unload its commodities or to load other goods before the departure, it had been necessary the licence of the health magistrature, opportunely prefaced by a positive medical opinion, to check the commodities suspected of infection. All of these operations have to be done always in an isolated place and far from commercial activities, in presence of an health deputy, guardians and customs officers. Wishing to go away from a sicilian harbour, the ship can do this at noon in summer and at dawn in winter, taking care to do this

4 withouth contacts with anyone and without leaving commodities suspected of infection on land. Arrived a ship from an infected place, in contacts with ships from infected areas or with crew and/or commodities from these places, it had been necessary to impose the eviction to it, also in the case of the crew were in good health. It was also forbidden to unload the shipment, taking care the same health magistrates to explain in the bill of health, previously put in vinegar and scented by laurel and sulphur, the reasons of the refusal of the pratique. In all cases the ship to be sent away could supply itself with victuals and any other necessities. In 1751, on the track of the two years previous sicilian publication and evidencing an interdipendence between the two legislations, the Bourbon government of the Kingdom of Naples passed the Istruzioni da osservarsi da’ deputati della salute di Napoli e del Regno facing important themes as the nomination of deputies, health practises, the working of the lazaret of Nisida, the charges for the services offered to the ships in quarantine. After the Restoration, precisely in June 1819, was instituted in Palermo the Sopraintendenza generale di salute pubblica while with the following royal decrees of the 20th of October 1819 and the 1st of January 1820 was regulated the sanitary service in provinces, in which the control over the local deputations was entrusted to the intendants.

3. The greek mercantile traffic in the sicilian harbours between Messina’s plague and the end of the 18th century Relating to the period during which the plague produced tragic effects, it has been found seven documents that certify the arrive of greek boats in Messina’s coasts. The first, dated the 16th of June 1744, is a testimony by which the Deputazione della Salute di Messina informed the Suprema Deputazione Generale di Salute Pubblica di Palermo that the day 7 of the same month it has been landed on the beach of Ringo a greek chieggia with one and a crew of twelve people included the owner Anastasio Coc. In the same month of June, precisely the day 16, arrived to the Messina’s littoral, in the place of la Grotta , two greek ships coming from Missolonghi, a place near the infected city of Patras. Both of them were loaded with wheat, but the first one, coming from

5 Missolonghi in sixteen days, had a crew of thirteen people included the captain Giorgio Mauvrito and the second one a crew of only eleven persons and captain Demetrio. Other two ships, coming from the same Missolonghi, landed in the 24th of June on the Riviera del Ringo with its loads of wheat, three cases of hams and other victuals to present to some greek merchants resided in Messina. At last it must be noticed, for the same year 1744, the finding of a memorial sent in the 13rd of August from Don Nicolò Balsamo, senator of the city of Messina, to the Prince of Pantelleria. In this document the senator Balsamo explain the case of the martigana named Santa Maria di Bosco that was ejected from the harbour of Messina coming from the isle of Paxù , place suspected but not infected. Having bought a reel included in the load of the above-said ship, Don Nicolò turned to the Prince of Pantelleria to permit that the greek ships could have access to this harbour. In 1745 it has been noticed one only presence in Messina, that is the greek ship named S. Caterina of the owner Gioan Cuccumel that, for the unfavourable meteorogical conditions, was arrived at the beginning of October in the Riviera del Ringo . Coming from Missolonghi in eleven days, Gioan Cuccumel said to have fifteen seamen on board and that during his trip he was arrived in Tripoli, place in which it was given pratique. The night of the 2nd of October this ship was ejected from the Messina’s littoral because, even if it had a clean bill of health, it was coming from suspected places. The same treatment in May of the following year was given to the marticana SS.mo Crocifisso and to the Madonna di Cassopolo , the latter coming from Cefalonia and owned by the greek Nicolò Plerinò. In February 1762 a checcio coming from Salonika, where it loaded cotton, textile products and other commodities destined to the harbour of Livorno, was ejected from Lipari, where it took cover because of the weather. The ship, with a crew composed by eleven seamen included the owner Costad. Francesco Missolongiotto, touched at Missolonghi and Malta where arrived the 31st of January. In June of the same year it was ordered the ejectment of the S. Michele owned by Pidaco if this ship, coming from Giànnina with a load of weath and overcoats, had touched at any harbour of the Kingdom. The archival documents, useful till now to check, even if in a extremely fragmentary way, the presence of greek ships in sicilian harbours, is more plentiful and analytic

6 beginning from the eighties of the XVIII century since to the source of Suprema Deputazione Generale di Salute Pubblica is added the documentation coming from the local health Deputation of Messina, even if this archival fund is composed by only nine units. In the 16th of May 1788 it is put in quarantine in the royal lazaret of Messina the weath unloaded from the Ottoman tartan commanded by Anagoste d’Antonio Chiose while in July two Greek polaccas, the first one commanded by Panaita Duria coming from Zante and the second one by Michele Cefalà from Candia, were preserved for four days and then ejected. In October 1789 two Greek ships, the first commanded by Pietro Verigri and the second by Teodoro d’Antonio, were looked after and then ejected as in the following Decembre occurred to the ship of Marco Itrioti. In 1790 there were three arrivals: in March the Ottoman polacca of Nicola Lurcheri, coming from Patras, in July an Hellenic ship from Salonika and in October the Greek tartan commanded by Pietro Nunifori. In 1791 there were two trips effected by the captain Giovanni Inglese that in September led a ship from Patras and Missolonghi and in October a polacca coming from the same Missolonghi. The Ottoman polacca S. Giorgio commanded by Patitò Siveri came in July from Missolonghi, while it isn’t possible to deduce the route of the ship commanded by Lorenzo Lorcari and that one of the two polaccas commanded the first by Zanegotti Itrari and owned the second by Stefano Canonopolo, the last watched closely from the 12nd to the 23rd of November by the guardian Antonio d’Amico to whom were paid three tarì everyday for the service done. In February 1792 are simultaneously present in Messina’s waters the tartana of the captain Antonio Denitri coming from Cefalonia and the polacca commanded by the Ottoman Greek Giovanni Pedacco from Missolonghi. From the same city came in June the polacca S. Giorgio of the Ottoman Greek Nicola Lurcheri that was held in custody in the 13rd, 14th and 15th of that month and then it was escorted to the Torre del Faro ; the same treatment was reserved in the 11st and the 12nd of June to the polacca Madonna di Caligata commandend by the Venetian Greek captain Pietro Caligà coming from Livadia, Cefalonia and Xanthus with an annoted bill of health. In addition to the transits in Messina’s waters during 1792 it has been noticed the presence of a Greek ship with Ottoman flag that in the 20th of April arrived in the

7 harbour of Augusta, because of the weather situation, with a load of 230 salme of weath destined to the isle of Malta, and the arrive of the Ottoman polacca of the captain Nicola Dimitri coming from Idra with its load of weath to Lisbon. About this ship it must be noticed that the same Ottoman consul Don Antonino Genzardi demanded, with a document dated 15 November, that this boat could complete its quarantine in the harbour of Palermo to make possible to take care of a member of the crew who suffered bones’ fractures. In 1793, at last, there was in Messina the ship of the Greek Giovanni Inglese, while the following year the polacca of Giovanni Pandeli, coming from Constantinople and watched closely by Domenico Lamberti from the 22nd to the 26th of January 1794. In addition to the ships ejected from the littoral of Messina, in the period 1789-1794, it was permitted to some ships coming from Levant to pass the quarantine in the Royal Lazzaret of Messina and to unload its commodities on land. Among these the Ottoman ship of Giovanni Pedacco, the S. Demetrio of Panay Dadaria, the two tartans of Andrea and Giorgio di Nicolò, the chirlanghiz of Anagoste di Vasili and the polacca of Ciriaco Brusco di Demetrio. Besides the pinco commanded by Zaffiri d’Antonio, with unknown flag and admitted in March 1791 to pass the quarantine in the above-said lazaret, there was a great number of Russian ships with captains of Hellenic origin, mainly coming from Calamo, that received the same treatments (table 1).

4. Greek ships and sailormen in Sicily in the first twenty years of the nineteenth century At the beginning of the 19th century the only presences of captains of Ellenic origin in Messina’s coasts are those of Hals Tompasso, Tomopolo, Gerasimo Carcavallo and Cristofalo Leondorj. About Tompasso and Tomopolo they were the captains of ships that sailed from Livorno to Messina with its loads of indigo and Indian ink; Gerasimo Carcavallo, instead, was wrecked in Messina’s waters with a of Jerusalem coming from Patras. The crew, sixteen people included the captain, pass the quarantine in the above-said city from the 18th of September to the 12nd of October 1808 but it was exempted from the related charges because of the wreck. In May 1809 it must be

8 noticed the presence in this area of the ship commanded by Cristofalo Leondorj with its load of iron but it’s impossible to know its origin and its destination. In the second decade of the nineteenth century it was possible to notice the amount of the charges of quarantine and of the fees asked from the Deputazione di Salute di Messina by the analysis of some volumes where the officers of the above-said deputation booked names of captains, commodities, periods of quarantine and amounts to be paid. Even if for a restricted period, it was possible therefore to shed light upon the costs of the offered services in the treatment of the ships coming from suspected places. From July to December 1811 passed in Messina seven boats commanded by captains with clear Hellenic origin. It was asked to them to pay an amount included between 5.20 and 11 onze for the charges of contumacy effected, in addition to other sums of money for fees on commodities transported (table 2). During 1812 ten ships with Hellenic captains spent its quarantine in Messina, between these there were twice the names of Costantino Chiparis and Argirio di Demetrio (table 3). Also in this case it was added to the quarantine’s charges the fees paid to the deputation on weath and rice transported. About the period 1813-1814 the charges for the treatments to the suspected ships and the payments to the custodians must be noticed: 2.4 onze were paid in the 12th of May 1813 for the guard to the of the captain Spiro Pandeli coming from Itaca and then from Naples, 12.12 onze were paid to the three supernumerary custodians to have held in quarantine from April to May 1814 the Albanian officers and the English troops landed from the Ottoman brigantine commanded by captain Pandeli and 6.12 onze were paid to Raffaele Di Matteo and Litterio Gentile about sixteen days of quarantine from the 4th to the 19th of June 1814 of the Sicilian royal commanded by Angelo Pottamiano coming from Xanthus. Between September and November 1814 there were two landings of the English ship S. Elena commanded by Spiridione Nosco; in the first case were paid 7.6 onze to the supernumerary custodians that looked after the above-said boat from the 7th to the 8th of October, in the second case Litterio Gentile received 6 onze to attend from the 3rd of October to the 1st of November to six people landed from the English boat. As just noticed, the Deputazione di Salute di Messina imposed to the ships landed on the beaches controlled by it the payment of sums of money variable according to the

9 length of quarantine and to the charges over commodities unloaded. In the years 1814- 1815 it must be noticed the presence of 36 captains of Hellenic origin (tables 4 and 5) and the landings of ships with loads of weath, cochineal, hare’s skins, camel’s hair, wool, livestock, tobacco and Morea’s cheeses. Other incomes were caused by the quarantine effected by one passenger and the load of the English polacca with Spiridione Ronchi as captain from the 13rd to the 26th of June and by the quarantine passed by one passenger and one sailorman landed respectively from the ship of the captain Ananghiro Petrà and from the Ottoman polacca of the captain Andrea Manuni. During these years it must be noticed, at last, the presence in Palermo’s gulf of the Ottoman brigantine commanded by Panajotti Pascanicola, the probable arrive in Messina of the Greek boat of the captain Domenico di Giorgio coming from Salonika with a dirty bill of health and the entrance in Augusta’s harbour, caused by the weather conditions, of the Russian polacca commanded by Giorgio Spanopolo coming from Malta and directed to Messina. For the following years the archival documents are very fragmentary, so for 1817 it has been noticed the presence in Messina of the Ottoman S. Spiridione commanded by Anacanosti Pajotti Castrulli and Madonna d’Idra by Giovanni Luzzumi, the latter guarded from the 27th of March to the 10th of May. In June of the same year it was possible also to point out that a part of the crew of the three Greek boats coming from West landed in Fondachello where spent their quarantine. In relation to the period 1818-1821 the methodical analysis of the registers where it had been noted daily the landing and the departures from Palermo’s harbour permitted to check the extreme rarity of the arrivals of Hellenic ships, since in these years only twelve Ottoman boats arrived in this city. In January 1819 the brigantine S. Nicolò commanded by Paolo Anarcirio, in March the brigantine Aristide of the captain Litterio di Giovanni, between March and November four trips of the schooner Sultana commanded by Giorgio di Giovanni Chioni. This captain come back in Palermo also in 1820, when it is noticed the presence of captains Giorgio Demetrio, Giorgio di Nicola, Basilio di Nicola and Costantino Chiriaco. In this period the presence of Hellenic ships is very rare also in the other sicilian harbours: in the 28th of December 1818, with a report of the Intendente di Catania , the Commissione di Sanità di Palermo was informed about the shipwreck in Acicastello’s

10 waters of the Greek polacca La Mauritania coming from Prevesa with its load of weath; in the following December it was also point out the approach in the isle of Lipari of a Greek merchant ship coming from Missolonghi. In relation to the Messina’s harbour, at last, in September 1819 three passengers landed from the Ottoman ship S. Spiridione coming from Ithaca passed their quarantine in the city lazaret, while the following year the ships commanded by Attanasio Glichi and Marojanni were watched closely by the custodians Letterio Bonaventura from the 13rd to the 18th of January and Andrea La Rosa from the 29th of February to the 11st of March.

5. Final remarks The risks of the diffusion of epidemic diseases represented also in South Italy a powerful incentive to create permanent sanitary structures. In effect, the terrible Messina’s plague in 1743 was a resolutive element to constitute in Sicily the Suprema Deputazione Generale di Salute Pubblica , a central organ with competence on all the isle, with jurisdiction on local Deputations and indipendent from any other royal magistrature. The consultation and the analysis of the documents related to the sicilian sanitary system, turned to mediate, as all the same sanitary control organisms in the Mediterranean Sea, between the commercial needs of the Kingdom and the interests of the sicilian population to protect its health, permitted to reconstruct the movements of the ships and the passengers of Hellenic origin in the harbours of the Kingdom of Sicily between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The study of the orders disciplining the treatment to reserve to the ships coming from out of Kingdom and eliminating the anomalies in the bills of health presented by the ships arrived in and sailed from sicilian harbours, permitted to analyze opportunely the archival documents useful to effect a research that presented difficulties linked both to the identification of the Greek ships and to the fragmentariness of the consulted materials. Beginning from the half of the eighteenth century it was checked that the arrival of Hellenic ships on the sicilian coasts, because of its Levantine origin, led prevalently to the ejectment from royal harbours, procedure that was often preceded by the custody of the suspected ship to avoid any attempt to come near to the coast. Between sicilian ports, it is the Messina’s one to point out certainly the majority of Greek ships and

11 sailormen, while the transits in Palermo are few and those one in the other sicilian harbours are very rare and often linked to the weather conditions. About the loads transported it was checked the prevalent presence of cereals, in some cases admitted to pass the necessary quarantine buying the opportune fees, while more sporadic are goods as hides, textile materials and products, colouring matters, livestock, iron and foodstuffs.

12 6. Tables

Table 1 Russian war-ships which passed the quarantine in the Royal Lazaret of Messina 1790-1794

Names of Shiptypes Shipnames Shipowner Origin Crew Date captains

20 days in Fregata - Basilio Casimi Calamo 120 November 1790 20 days in Corvetta - - Lettieri Seguri Calamo 42 November 1790 20 days in Lettieri Galeotta - - Calamo 20 November Ricchiardopolo 1790 20 days in Galeotta - - Strati Nicoforati Calamo 21 November 1790 20 days in Andrea Chirlanghiz - - Calamo 65 November Ricciardopolo 1790 Lettieri 5 December Galeotta - - Calamo - Ricchiardopolo 1791

Strajti 5 December Galeotta - - Calamo - Nicoforoto 1791 4-23 L'acquila di Don Cristofalo Pachebotto - Calamo 66 February Russia Sassunsossolo 1792 Il Gran Duca Gabriello 27 May - 23 Chirlanghiz - Calamo 46 Alessandro Caravia June 1792

20 days in Galeotta Dafne - Strati Nicoforati Zante - July 1792

Source: ASM, Deputazione della Salute , vol. 1 pp. 81, 102, 118 and vol. 2 pp. 26, 38, 60, 106, 122.

13 Table 2 Payment effected for quarantine charges in 1811

Names of captainsStart of quarantine End of quarantine Payment in onze

Giorgio Apostolo 20 July 4 August 11

Giovanni Spiridione 7 August 26 August 11

Demetrio di Cristofalo 18 August 6 September 5.20

Anaganosti D'Andrea 15 September 4 October 5.20

Costantino Marojanni 1 October 20 October 5.20

Anaganosti Mexi 15 November 4 Dicember 5.20

Gio. Pandelio 12 Dicember 31 Dicember 5.20

Source: ASM, Deputazione della Salute , vol. 6 pp. 4, 6, 8, 10 e 12.

Table 3 Payment effected for quarantine charges in 1812

Names of captainsStart of quarantine End of quarantine Payment in onze

Costantino Chiparis 29 January 17 February 5.20

Argirio di Demetrio 18 March 6 April 8.10

Giovanni Spiridione 3 April 22 April 5.20

Anastasio Alibrandi 7 May 26 May 5.20

Argirio di Demetrio 9 May 30 May 7.25 Costantino 22 May 10 June 5.20 Sacchilopolo Antonio Milaiti 7 June 25 June 5.20

Costantino Chiparis 9 June 3 July 7.2.10

Caralambi Cosma 1 July 28 July 7.28

Teodori Costantino 22 July 30 August 11.10

Source: ASM, Deputazione della Salute , vol. 6 pp. 16, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 48 e 52.

14 Table 4 Payment effected for quarantine charges and commodities fees in 1814

Quarantine Duration of Date Names of captains Commodities fees charges quarantine

13 September Angelo Parascandalo 11.10 - 40 days

1 October Gio. Teodoropolo 1.29.10 - 7 days

10 October Nicolò Potamiani 8.15 - 30 days Marco 18 October 19.0.10 3.9.7 40 days Gramaticopolo 18 October Panai Panà - 3.8.4 - Criscenzio 18 October 10.4.10 32.21.14 - Carciotolo 18 October Caralambro Dimetri 1.29.10 - 7 days

5-12 November Giuseppe Panajotti 7.28 0.10.6 28 days

22 November Gerasmo Calichia 17.3.10 1.16.2 25 days

5 Dicember Spiropolo - 14.5 -

6 Dicember Chiriaco Pandeli 7.28 - 28 days

6 Dicember Attanasio Paniotti 10.4.10 2.25.2 21 days

9 Dicember Francesco Maurianni 1.29.10 - 7 days

13 Dicember Caralambro Sclavo 7.28 - 28 days

13 Dicember Gerasimo Calvecchia 1.29.10 - 7 days Basilio Teodoro 17 Dicember - 9.24.10 - Chini 22 Dicember Nicolò Panajotti 1.29.10 - 7 days

Source: ASM, Deputazione della Salute , vol. 7 pp. 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52 and vol. 8 pp. 2, 5, 9, 23, 24.

15 Table 5 Payment effected for quarantine charges and commodities fees in 1815

Duration of Date Names of captains Quarantine charges Commodities fees quarantine

1 January Angelo Parascandalo 3.29 - 14 days

25 January Andrea Dimandopolo 7.28 - 28 days

21 February Gio. Caliga 3.11.10 - 7 days

28 February Giorgio Sparopolo 3.29 - 14 days

1 March Andrea Dimandopolo - 15.28.4 -

7 March Gio. Cristri 3.29 - 14 days

14 March Gio. Teodoropolo 1.29.10 - 7 days

31 March Giorgio Sparopolo - 20.23.11 28 days

4 April Panajotti Panà - 17.6.13 28 days

10 April Gio. Spiridione - 5.7.14 -

11 April Antonio Spiropolo 14.5 50 days

18 May Costantino Caricotti - 7.2 -

21 May Marco Mauromati 3.11.10 - 7 days

23 May Hamati Pandeli 3.11.10 - 7 days

23 May Nicolò Milonopulo 6.23 - 14 days

16 June Angelo Parascandalo 3.29 - 14 days

23 June Andrea Dimandopolo 7.28 - 28 days

27 June Giorgio Sparapolo 3.29 - 14 days

3 July Marco Grammaticopolo 3.11.10 - 7 days

4 July Marco Grammaticopolo 3.29 - 14 days

7 July Panajotti Panà 1.29.10 - 7 days

11 July Giorgio Sparopolo 20.23.11 28 days

11 July Panajotti Panà 17.6.13 - 28 days

11 July Caralambro Messuri 6.23 - 14 days

11 July Giovanni Spiridione - 5.7.14 -

11 July Gerasimo Spirato 3.29 1.4.18 14 days

11 July Spiridione Lain 6.23 - 14 days

30 July Basilio Doncopilo 3.11.10 - 7 days

8 August Gio. Calamani - 0.15.19 -

10-11 August Spiridione Dovin 1.29.10 - 7 days

16 August Andrea Drimopolo 19.10 - 40 days

18 August Costantino Caracotti 7.2 - -

18 August Marco Mauromati 3.11.10 - 7 days

18 August Stamati Paudali 3.11.10 - 7 days

21 August Panajotti Bogdano - 20.15.3 40 days

23 August Pandeli Stati 1.29.10 - 7 days

26 August Andrea Dimitropolo - 5.3 -

Source: ASM, Deputazione della Salute , vol. 7 pp. 54, 58, 62, 65, 66, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 78, 80 and vol. 8 pp. 25, 26, 30, 31, 33, 35, 37, 42, 54, 55, 60, 119, 125, 145, 154, 174, 175, 176, 184, 189.

16 Table 6 Nota di spese occorse al Sopraintendente alle Guardie di questo Ecc.mo Magistrato alla Salute D. Placido Galatti in occasione del disbarco eseguito in Fondachello li 20 Giugno prossimo passato di porzione degl’equipaggi de’ tre Bastimenti Greci provenienti da Ponente come s’asserì cioè… 1817

CAUSAL ONZE

A Natale Casabianca per cortesia estraordinaria determinata da questa per Palermo d'ordine del Magistrato li 21 Giugno suddetto 8

Per affitto di numero 4 vetture per servizio d'esso Sopraintendente e guardie assegnategli dal prelodato Magistrato per andata, e ritorno 2.20

Al locandiere di Spadafora per affitto d'un materazzo per uso del guardiano Barbera, mentre per altri materazzi per servizio d'esso Sopraintendente,e del guardiano Giardina si procurarono da' medesimi 0.6

Olio per lumi per 38 notti a tt. 1 per notte 1.8

Legno dal 5 Luglio a tutti li 29 detto 0.6

Sussidi dati da esso Sopraintendente a numero 16 contumacianti poveri in Fondachello per essersi negati li Magistrati Municipali di Valdina, e Spadafora a di cui comuni appartenevano essi contumacianti miserabili 5.15.6 A numero 7 uomini che fecero la guardia in Fondachello li 14 Luglio per non aver mandato il Magistrato Municipale di Monforte le guardie in detto giorno 0.21

Per affitto di diverse vetture per servizio d'esso Sopraintendente per andare in detto Fondachello 0.18

Al guardiano estraordinario Litterio Gentile che portò l'ordine della prattica per li contumacianti di Fondachello 0.8

Gratificazione per il Sopraintendente per li giorni da lui impiegati in detto Fondachello dalli 21 Giugno alli 29 Luglio 30

TOTAL 49.12.6 Source: ASM, Deputazione della Salute , vol. 5 p. 345.

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