The Marriage That Could Have Ruined a Monarchy Samantha
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Who Is Queen Elizabeth II?
Who is Queen Elizabeth II? Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, later to become Queen Elizabeth II, was born on 21 April 1926 in Mayfair, London. She was the first child of The Duke and Duchess of York, who later became King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. The Queen’s birthday is officially celebrated in Britain on the second Saturday of June each year. This special day is referred to as ‘The Trooping of the Colour’. The Queen is also known as the British Sovereign. Trooping of the Colour Elizabeth’s Family In 1936, King Edward VIII stepped down from the throne. Elizabeth’s father was crowned King George VI. Her mother became Queen Elizabeth, and Elizabeth and her sister Margaret were now Princesses. Elizabeth’s Childhood Princess Elizabeth was taught at home, not at school. • She studied art and music and enjoyed drama and swimming. • When she was 11, she joined the Girl Guides. • Elizabeth undertook her first public engagement on her 16th birthday, when she inspected the soldiers of the Grenadier Guards. The Royal Family Elizabeth got married in Westminster Abbey on 20th November 1947, when she was 21 years old. Her husband Prince Philip, also known as the Duke of Edinburgh, was the son of Prince Andrew of Greece. In 1948, the Queen’s first child Prince Charles was born. Two years later Princess Anne was born. Elizabeth would go on to have two more children, Prince Andrew and Prince Edward in 1960 and 1964. Elizabeth Becomes Queen In 1952, when she was just 25, Elizabeth’s father King George VI died. -
United Kingdom - Queen Elizabeth II” of the National Security Adviser’S Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders Collection at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 5, folder “United Kingdom - Queen Elizabeth II” of the National Security Adviser’s Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders Collection at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 5 of the NSA Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders Collection at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library I~ ·! ! ,_ I! THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON ! I .i May 27, 1975 Your Majesty: . ; ' ' On behalf of the people of the United States of America, it gives me great pleasure to extend to you and to the Duke of Edinburgh a cordial invitation to make a State Visit to the United States on July 7 to 11, 1976, on the I I occasion of our 200th anniversary celebrations. I i Your visit, I know, will serve to underscore the very I close ties of friendship which unite our peoples. There could be no more fitting observance of this friendship on this iniportant occasion ti-.a.a.n a visit by Your ~.. -
British Royal Banners 1199–Present
British Royal Banners 1199 – Present Geoff Parsons & Michael Faul Abstract The presentation begins with the (accepted) date of 1199, the death of King Richard I, the first king known to have used the three gold lions on red. It continues to show how King Edward III added the French Royal Arms, consequent to his claim to the French throne. There is then the change from “France Ancient” to “France Modern” by King Henry IV in 1405, which set the pattern of the arms and the standard for the next 198 years. The story then proceeds to show how, over the ensuing 234 years, there were no fewer than six versions of the standard until the adoption of the present pattern in 1837. The presentation includes pictures of all the designs, noting that, in the early stages, the arms appeared more often as a surcoat than a flag. There is also some anecdotal information regarding the various patterns. Anne (1702–1714) Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Vexillology, Washington, D.C., USA 1–5 August 2011 © 2011 North American Vexillological Association (www.nava.org) 799 British Royal Banners 1199 – Present Figure 1 Introduction The presentation begins with the (accepted) date of 1199, the death of King Richard I, the first king known to have used the three gold lions on red. Although we often refer to these flags as Royal Standards, strictly speaking, they are not standard but heraldic banners which are based on the Coats of Arms of the British Monarchs. Figure 2 William I (1066–1087) The first use of the coats of arms would have been exactly that, worn as surcoats by medieval knights. -
Copyrighted Material
33_056819 bindex.qxp 11/3/06 11:01 AM Page 363 Index fighting the Vikings, 52–54 • A • as law-giver, 57–58 Aberfan tragedy, 304–305 literary interests, 56–57 Act of Union (1707), 2, 251 reforms of, 54–55 Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen of reign of, 50, 51–52 William IV, 268, 361 Alfred, son of King Aethelred, king of Áed, king of Scotland, 159 England, 73, 74 Áed Findliath, ruler in Ireland, 159 Ambrosius Aurelianus (Roman leader), 40 Aedán mac Gabráin, overking of Dalriada, 153 Andrew, Prince, Duke of York (son of Aelfflaed, queen of Edward, king Elizabeth II) of Wessex, 59 birth of, 301 Aelfgifu of Northampton, queen of Cnut, 68 as naval officer, 33 Aethelbald, king of Mercia, 45 response to death of Princess Diana, 313 Aethelbert, king of Wessex, 49 separation from Sarah, Duchess of York, Aethelflaed, daughter of Alfred, king of 309 Wessex, 46 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 57, 58, 63 Aethelfrith, Saxon king, 43 Anglo-Saxons Aethelred, king of England, 51, 65–66 appointing an heir, 16 Aethelred, king of Mercia, 45, 46, 55 invasion of Britain, 39–41 Aethelred, king of Wessex, 50 kingdoms of, 37, 42 Aethelstan, king of Wessex, 51, 61–62 kings of, 41–42 Aethelwold, son of Aethelred, king of overview, 12 Wessex, 60 Anna, queen of Scotland, 204 Aethelwulf, king of Wessex, 49 Anne, Princess Royal, daughter of Africa, as part of British empire, 14 Elizabeth II, 301, 309 Agincourt, battle of, 136–138 Anne, queen of England Albert, Prince, son of George V, later lack of heir, 17 George VI, 283, 291 marriage to George of Denmark, 360–361 Albert of -
Contextual Information Timelines and Family Trees Tudors to Windsors: British Royal Portraits 16 March – 14 July 2019
16 March — 14 July 2019 British Royal Portraits Exhibition organised by the National Portrait Gallery, London Contextual Information Timelines and Family Trees Tudors to Windsors: British Royal Portraits 16 March – 14 July 2019 Tudors to Windsors traces the history of the British monarchy through the outstanding collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London. This exhibition highlights major events in British (and world) history from the sixteenth century to the present, examining the ways in which royal portraits were impacted by both the personalities of individual monarchs and wider historical change. Presenting some of the most significant royal portraits, the exhibition will explore five royal dynasties: the Tudors, the Stuarts, the Georgians, the Victorians and the Windsors shedding light on key figures and important historical moments. This exhibition also offers insight into the development of British art including works by the most important artists to have worked in Britain, from Sir Peter Lely and Sir Godfrey Kneller to Cecil Beaton and Annie Leibovitz. 2 UK WORLDWIDE 1485 Henry Tudor defeats Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, becoming King Henry VII The Tudors and founding the Tudor dynasty 1492 An expedition led by Italian explorer Christopher Columbus encounters the Americas 1509 while searching for a Western passage to Asia Henry VII dies and is succeeded Introduction by King Henry VIII 1510 The Inca abandon the settlement of Machu Picchu in modern day Peru Between 1485 and 1603, England was ruled by 1517 Martin Luther nails his 95 theses to the five Tudor monarchs. From King Henry VII who won the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, crown in battle, to King Henry VIII with his six wives and a catalyst for the Protestant Reformation 1519 Elizabeth I, England’s ‘Virgin Queen’, the Tudors are some Hernando Cortes lands on of the most familiar figures in British history. -
This Collection Includes a Medal Bearing the Portrait of the Dashing Edward VIII, As Well As Two Colonial Coins from British West Africa
This collection includes a medal bearing the portrait of the dashing Edward VIII, as well as two colonial coins from British West Africa. The West Africa coins do not show his portrait because he abdicated too soon for the dies to be used in striking. On 20 January, 1936, Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, of the House of Windsor, succeeded his father, George V, as King of Great Britain and the Dominions of the British Empire. Edward VIII would abdicate in December of the same year, in order to marry the love of his life, the twice-divorced American arriviste Wallis Simpson. His 326-day reign is among the shortest in the long annals of British history. When he was Prince of Wales, Edward became arguably the world’s first modern international celebrity. Exploits of the royal family have always been the subject of great popular interest, but Edward took to the role like none of his predecessors ever had. He was handsome, suave, fashionable, and unlike his stolid and old-fashioned father, he seemed to emulate the ebullient spirit of the post-war Jazz Age. In short, he had it all. That he would surrender so precious a prize as the British throne to marry a commoner—an American commoner, at that, and one with a somewhat notorious past—was widely viewed as the ultimate romantic gesture: a declaration of love ne plus ultra. In fact, there is more to this tale than meets the eye. Abdication was not a great sacrifice for Edward VIII. As much as he loathed “princing,” as he called it, when he’d been Prince of Wales, he hated being king even more. -
Mediacide: the Press's Role in the Abdication Crisis of Edward VIII
___________________________________________________________ Mediacide: the Press’s Role in the Abdication Crisis of Edward VIII Joel Grissom ___________________________________________________________ On December 10, 1936, a group of men entered the ornate drawing room of Fort Belvedere, the private get-away of His Majesty, King Edward VIII. The mood of the room was informal as the King sat at his desk. Fifteen documents lay before him ready for his signature. Briefly scanning them, he quickly affixed, Edward, RI, to the documents. He then relinquished his chair to his brother, Albert, Duke of York, who did the same. The process was repeated twice more as Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and George, Duke of Kent, also signed the documents. The King stepped outside and inhaled the fresh morning air.1 To the King it smelled of freedom. After months of battling with his Prime Minister, Stanley Baldwin, and the Prime Minister’s allies in the establishment and the press, Edward was laying down the crown in order to marry the woman he loved, an American divorcee named Wallis Simpson. The next day the newspaper headlines across the world would broadcast the news of the King’s unprecedented decision. With the signing of the Instrument of Abdication, Edward had signed away his throne. The newspapers in both the United States and the United Kingdom that would report the abdication had played a major role in bringing about the fall of the King. While the British media had observed a blackout during most of the crisis, the media in the United States had reported the story of the King and Mrs. -
The Life of Winston Churchill
© Yousuf Karsh, 1941 Ottawa The Life of Winston Churchill: Soldier Correspondent Statesman Orator Author Inspirational Leader © The Churchill Centre 2007 Produced for educational use only. Not intended for commercial purposes. The Churchill Centre is the international focus for study of Winston Churchill, his life and times. Our members, aged from ten to over ninety, work together to preserve Winston Churchill's memory and legacy. Our aim is that future generations never forget his contribu- tions to the political philosophy, culture and literature of the Great Democracies and his contributions to statesmanship. To join or contact The Churchill Centre visit www.winstonchurchill.org Birth 1874 Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill’s ancestors were both Brit- ish and American. Winston’s father was the British Lord Randolph Churchill, the youngest son of John, the 7th Duke of Marlborough. Lord Randolph’s ancestor John Churchill made history by winning many successful military campaigns in Europe for Queen Anne almost 200 years earlier. His mother was the American Jennie Jerome. The Jeromes fought for the inde- pendence of the American colonies in George Washington’s ar- mies. Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born on Novem- ber 30, 1874, at the Duke of Marlborough’s large palace, Blen- Winston. as a baby. heim. Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill’s family tree John Churchill 1650-1722 1st Duke of Marlborough !" Charles 1706-1758 3rd Duke of Marlborough !" George 1739-1817 David Wilcox 4th Duke of Marlborough !" John Churchill George 1766-1840 -
King George VI Wikipedia Page
George VI of the United Kingdom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 10/6/11 10:20 PM George VI of the United Kingdom From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from King George VI) George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom George VI and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death. He was the last Emperor of India, and the first Head of the Commonwealth. As the second son of King George V, he was not expected to inherit the throne and spent his early life in the shadow of his elder brother, Edward. He served in the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force during World War I, and after the war took on the usual round of public engagements. He married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in 1923, and they had two daughters, Elizabeth and Margaret. George's elder brother ascended the throne as Edward VIII on the death of their father in 1936. However, less than a year later Edward revealed his desire to marry the divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson. British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin advised Edward that for political and Formal portrait, c. 1940–46 religious reasons he could not marry Mrs Simpson and remain king. Edward abdicated in order to marry, and George King of the United Kingdom and the British ascended the throne as the third monarch of the House of Dominions (more...) Windsor. Reign 11 December 1936 – 6 February On the day of his accession, the parliament of the Irish Free 1952 State removed the monarch from its constitution. -
CABINET WINS in BITTER' Ncht Wmr Monarch
-'ir’. ' f, I ■Sr-f’. .... l b Wm a« 0 .‘ Store Open Plenty of PVae ^ rld n f Space. -".V, f A.BLtoSP.M. ■ ;j'- - hi tohlgh* 5> Thnnday npil Saturday Santa In Toyland 9-to S P. IL , change hi < 9 A. M. to 9 P. M. and Than, a ^ Sat. 7 to 9 P. M. MANCHESTER— A CITY OP VILLAGE CHARM VOL.LVL.n o . 60 I AflyitiWag a« Page 10.) MANCHESTER, CONN., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 10,1986. <TWBLVE PAGES) PRICE THREE Lounging Pajamas GIVE A DRESS Hera li the answer, to "What For Chriatmas! shall I itveT” These twtMiiece pajamas la plain crepe and printed No more welcome glTt could be satin, buttoned high at the neck selected than one of these good looking dresses' in the Igtest styles and materials. We have a large •nuut. $ 4.50 selection for you to choose from. 8iaesl4to44. $3.98—$10.98 iSt< • •' RULE AS GEORGE VI POPE SUFFERS Steps Doum From Throne MRS. SIMPSON ANEW SEIZURE PLANS TO STAY CABINET WINS IN BITTER' iSKI OF P m Y S I S PANTS IN Sjq,USI0N These come in ^ SLIPS brown, wine, navy, ^ Has Relapse Hiis Morning and green. Sixes 8 Her New York Friend TeDs ncHT w m r m o n a r c h to 20. f $1.98—$2.98 Silk and Satin SKI and Vatican Fears He Wil $2.98 Reporters Edward WiD Lace Trimmed Nerer Walk Again; Stim- GOWNS SUITS Not Join Her at the Villa G reat Britain ^s N ew K in g T A m Gaing To M arry SWEATERS Everyone who loves 1 ^ , $2.98-^$3.98 UNDERWEAR sports wants one of inFrimce. -
PHOTOGRAPHING the CITY the Major Themes Include Transportation, Commerce, Disaster, Wallis Simpson, Was Photographing the City and Community
January, February, March 2013 PHOTOGRAPHING THE CITY The major themes include transportation, commerce, disaster, Wallis Simpson, was Photographing the City and community. Roads, rail, bridges, and waterways are only 33 at the time Bogies & Stogies Opening February 9 essential to urban life, for example, moving both people and and loved to golf. He Director’s Welcome goods, as indicated by the photograph by Clark Blickensderfer, dressed as a golfer, Golf Tournament Dear Friends: This exhibition explores how nineteenth and twentieth-century reproduced on the cover. This is not an east coast metropolis, or not as a prince, for his Renaissance Vinoy Resort and photographers responded to cities and towns, presented and even Chicago or Kansas City, but Denver. portrait. Sir Henry Golf Club With the joyous holiday season upon preserved their history, and influenced their perception by the Raeburn’s portraits November 5 us, the front of the Museum of Fine public. Among the artists represented are Berenice Abbott, The image by an unknown documentary photographer or in the exhibition will Arts is illuminated with seasonal Walker Evans, Aaron Siskind, Weegee, and Garry Winogrand. photojournalist of a Boston nightclub fire is one of dozens bring to mind his The Museum thanks the lighting, made possible by the capturing this horrific event in which hundreds lost their lives. impressive painting in following for making this benefit generosity of the Frank E. Duckwall Several images are part of the exhibition. Photographs once the MFA collection, on such a success: Foundation. Inside, our magnificent collection joins again contributed to societal change. Numerous codes to protect view in The Focardi exciting exhibitions in welcoming members and visitors. -
Queen Elizabeth II the Queen’S Early Life the Queen Was Born at 2.40Am on 21 April 1926 at 17 Bruton Street in Mayfair, London
Queen Elizabeth II The Queen’s early life The Queen was born at 2.40am on 21 April 1926 at 17 Bruton Street in Mayfair, London. She was the first child of The Duke and Duchess of York, who later became King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. At the time she stood third in line of succession to the throne after Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII), and her father, The Duke of York. But it was not expected that her father would become King, or that she would become Queen. The Duke and Duchess of York with Princess Elizabeth The Queen’s early life The Princess was christened Elizabeth Alexandra Mary in the private chapel at Buckingham Palace. She was named after her mother, while her two middle names are those of her paternal great-grandmother, Queen Alexandra, and paternal grandmother, Queen Mary. The Princess's early years were spent at 145 Piccadilly, the London house taken by her parents shortly after her birth, and at White Lodge in Richmond Park. She also spent time at the country homes of her paternal grandparents, King George V and Queen Mary, and her mother's parents, the Earl and Countess of Strathmore. In 1930, Princess Elizabeth gained a sister, with the birth of Princess Margaret Rose. The family of four was very close. The Queen’s early life When she was six years old, her parents took over Royal Lodge in Windsor Great Park as their own country home. Princess Elizabeth's quiet family life came to an end in 1936, when her grandfather, King George V, died.