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T.C. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dali Eskiçağ Tarihi Bilim Dali

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T.C. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dali Eskiçağ Tarihi Bilim Dali T.C. SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TARİH ANABİLİM DALI ESKİÇAĞ TARİHİ BİLİM DALI ANTİK KAYNAKLARA GÖRE İÇ BATI ANADOLU’NUN (PHRYGIA) JEOPOLİTİĞİ Fatih Mehmet BERK Doktora Tezi Doç. Dr. Özdemir KOÇAK Konya 2011 T.C. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü BİLİMSEL ETİK SAYFASI Bu tezin proje safhasından sonuçlanmasına kadar ki bütün süreçlerde bilimsel etiğe ve akademik kurallara özenle riayet edildiği, tez içindeki bütün bilgilerin etik davranış ve akademik kurallar çerçevesinde elde edilerek sunulduğunu, ayrıca tez yazım kurallarına uygun olarak hazırlanan bu çalışmada başkalarının eserlerinden yararlanılması durumunda bilimsel kurallara uygun olarak atıf yapıldığını bildiririm. Fatih Mehmet BERK ii T.C. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü DOKTORA TEZİ KABUL FORMU Fatih Mehmet BERK tarafından hazırlanan “Antik Kaynaklara Göre İç Batı Anadolu’nun (Phrygia) Jeopolitiği” başlıklı bu çalışma 16/05/2011 tarihinde yapılan savunma sınavı sonucunda oybirliği / oyçokluğu ile başarılı bulunarak, jürimiz tarafından doktora tezi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Doç. Dr. Özdemir KOÇAK Danışman Prof. Dr. Hasan BAHAR Üye Yrd. Doç. Dr. Mehmet Ali HACIGÖKMEN Üye iii ÖNSÖZ Gerek ders döneminde ve gerekse tez döneminin konu seçimi ve tez yazımı aşamasında, her daim kapısını rahatlıkla çalabildiğimiz, odasında bize değerli vakitlerini ayıran, gerek telefon ve gerekse e- posta ile sıkıntılı anlarımızda yardımını esirgemeyen, mütevazi şahsiyet, danışman hocam Sayın Doç. Dr. Özdemir KOÇAK’a sonsuz teşekkür ederim. Sadece Selçuk Üniversitesi’nin değil, ülkemizin yetiştirdiği duayen hocalarımızdan, entellektüel birikimiyle ufkumuzu açan, bizi cesaretlendiren, sadece ilmi yönü ile değil irfani noktada da tüm öğrencilerini rehberlik edip, yetiştiren, birikimini sadece yerel çapta değil, uluslar arası alanda da sunan, Tarih Bölümü Başkanı, Sayın hocam, Prof. Dr. Hasan BAHAR’a minnet duygularımı sunarım. Öğrencilik hayatımın başlangıcından bu ana kadar, bende emeği bulunan tüm öğretmenlerime saygı ve şükranlarımı sunarım. Dualarıyla desteklerini sürekli hissettiğim, çalışmalarımda itici güç olan anne ve babama, akademik hayatımın ve bilhassa doktora tezimin her aşamasında yanımda olan, moral veren ve sıkıntılarımı paylaşan eşim ve çocuklarıma, beni devamlı uyarıp çalışmamı sağlayan, “Babacığım, senin doktoran yok muydu?” deyip, televizyon kumandasını elimden alan küçük oğlum Ertuğrul Yusuf’a sevgi ve saygılarımı bir kez daha iletirim. Almanca çevirilerde Almanya’dan e-posta yolu ile yardımcı olan kardeşim Lütfullah BERK ve eşi Britta BERK’e ve sevgili öğrencim Neslihan ÖZTÜRK’e teşekkür ederim. Fatih Mehmet Berk iv T.C. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Adı Soyadı: Fatih Mehmet 064102011002 BERK Ana Bilim / Bilim Dalı Tarih Bilim Dalı /Eskiçağ Tarihi ABD. rencinin rencinin Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Özdemir KOÇAK ğ Ö Antik Kaynaklara Göre İç Batı Anadolu’nun Tezin Adı (Phrygia) Jeopolitiği ÖZET Phrygia, Anadolu’nun jeopolitik konumuna değer katan en önemli merkezlerden birisidir. Medeniyetin ilk başlangıç yıllarından günümüze kadar devam eden serüveninde, Doğu- Batı, Batı- Doğu arasında meydana gelen karşılıklı etkileşimde Doğu’nun Batı’ya açılan son penceresi olurken, Batı’dan Doğu’ya yönelen hareketlerde, Doğu topraklarına adım atılan ilk nokta olmuştur. Batı medeniyetinin sahiplendiği birçok değerde Phrygia’nın ruhu vardır. Phrygia, sadece köprü görevi görmeyip, Doğu’dan aldığı değerleri kendi bünyesinde harmanlayıp, Batı’ya yeni bir model olarak sunma becerisini göstermiştir. Doğu, Phrygia’nın esin kaynağı olmuştur. Tam tersi istikamette Batı’dan Doğu’ya yönelen hareketlerde Phrygia vazgeçilmez bir nokta olmuştur. Phrygia’nın müstesna konumu, jeopolitik gücünün “sürdürülebilinirliğini” günümüzde iki noktada devam ettirmektedir. Birincisi, kendi dönemi içinde jeopolitik gücünün oluşmasına neden olan coğrafi unsurlar sonucu oluşan ekonomik, v ticari ve ulaşım gücüdür. Farklı devletlere beşiklik eden bu güç, günümüzde varlığını Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları içinde devam ettirmektedir.. Bu bölge, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları içinde Batı’ya uzanan, ekonomik, ticari ve ulaşım yönü kuvvetli olan bir bölgedir. Sürdürülebilinirliğin devam ettiği ikinci nokta ise, Phrygia’nın o dönemde oluşturduğu ve Yunanistan aracılığıyla Batı dünyasına ve tüm dünyaya yayılan mitsel hikâyeleridir. Bu güç, antik yazarlardan günümüze kadar birçok edebiyat ve sanat dünyasının seçkin insanlarının eserlerine yansımış ve yansımaya da devam etmektedir. vi T.C. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Adı Soyadı: Fatih Mehmet 064102011002 BERK Ana Bilim / Bilim Dalı Tarih Bilim Dalı /Eskiçağ Tarihi ABD. rencinin rencinin ğ Ö Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Özdemir KOÇAK The Geopolitics of Mid West Anatolia (Phrygia) in the View of Ancient Resources Tezin Adı ABSTRACT Phrygia is one of the distinguished centers that contribute a lot to the geopolitical position of Anatolia. From the beginning of the civilization line to the today’s world, the region of Phrygia has always been the focus point of different civilizations. This power depends on its geopolitical position. In the 1st millennium B.C. , it was the last point of the East that extends the West during the mutual interaction of civilizations and it was also the first step point of the West on the location of the East concerning the civilization movements extending from the West to the East. There is an essence of Phrygia in many European values and norms. Phrygia didn’t only serve as a bridge but also blend the Eastern values and presented to the West as a new form. The East was the source of inspiration. On the contrary movements from the West to the East, Phrygia again became the indispensable location. The geopolitical power of Phrygia obtained through the exceptional location of itself has been carrying on its “sustainability” in two points. The first one is the economical, financial and transportation power based on its geographical factors that emerged in its own period. The region that has been the cradle of many civilizations vii and the geopolitical power related with this location still maintain their importance in the borders of Turkish Republic. This region is an indispensable location of Turkish Republic with the contribution of economical, financial and transportation powers that extend to the west. The second one is, the mythological tales of Phrygia spreading to the West through the Greece and then to the entire world. This literal power has been represented in many distinguished authors, poets and artists’ works and still carries on its sustainability. viii KISALTMALAR AAG. Assocaiton of American Geographers. AAAG Annals of the Association of American Geographers AGS American Geogrraphical Society AJA. American Journal af Archaeology. AJAHFA American Journal of Archaeology and of the History of the Fine Arts AKÜ. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi. Anat St. Anatolian Studies. APSR American Political Science Review ASAM Avrasya Stratejik Araştırma Merkezi ASR. American Sociological Review AKÜ Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi AÜ. Ankara Üniversitesi AÜDTCFD. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi. BASOR Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research BAR. British Archaeological Reports BC Before Christ BiOr. Bibliotheca Orientalis C. Cilt ix CAH. The Cambridge Ancient History. CJ Classical Journal CJES Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences CUP. Cambridge University Press Çev Çeviren EÜ. Ege Üniversitesi Encylop. Encylopedia Edit. Editör FGrH Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker FOA Formae Orbis Antiqui G. Gram GUAM. Gürcistan, Ukrayna, Azerbaycan ve Moldova GÜEFD. Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. H. Harita HRA Historical Records of Assyria IBG. Institute of British Geographers JCR Journal of Conflict Resolution JHS. Journal of Hellenistic Studies. JRS. Journal of Roman Studies. JRA. Journal of Roman Archeology x İTÜ İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi M. Metre METU. Middle East Technical University MÖ. Milattan Önce MS. Milattan Sonra NSDAP. Nasyonal Sosyalist Alman İşçi Partisi (Die Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei) PA Pacific Affairs PBSR Papers of British School of Rome RE. Pauly-Wissowa Kroll Real Encyclopadie SÜ. Selçuk Üniversitesi TIB. Tabula Imperii Byzantini TTK. Türk Tarih Kurumu. Yay. Yayıncılık Trans. Çeviren Vol. Volume (Cilt) WP World Politics WPQ Western Political Quarterly YKY. Yapı Kredi Yayınları ZPE. Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik xi İÇİNDEKİLER BİLİMSEL ETİK SAYFASI ....................................................................................... ii DOKTORA TEZİ KABUL FORMU ......................................................................... iii ÖNSÖZ ....................................................................................................................... iv ÖZET ........................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT............................................................................................................... vii KISALTMALAR........................................................................................................ ix İÇİNDEKİLER .......................................................................................................... xii RESİMLER LİSTESİ ............................................................................................... xvi GİRİŞ..........................................................................................................................
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