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Project R8227 [Ftr Part 3] PROJECT R8227 [FTR PART 2] APPENDIX 1: Work conducted in Mozambique 1. CBSD-tolerant varieties evaluated in Mozambique. [Output 2] [From report by Anabela Zacarias, INIA, Maputo] The activities are coordinated by INIA staff. The program coordinator is headed by Director of INIA, Maputo. The program is also working closely related with different partners for the purposes of achieving the program objectives. There is a consortium of CBSD activities that was formed in 2001 at the stakeholders meeting. Each partner plays role to facilitate the coverage of the affect area with CBSD. National meetings are held ones a year, were 26 partners are invited. Partners invited to Stakeholder Workshop in Nampula __________________________________________________________ Director of INIA SARRNET/IITA Dept. of Agriculture and Farming Systems of INIA Dept. of Land and Water of INIA Deputy Director of DINA ADRA SETSAN Eduardo Mondlane University DPADRs Save the Children DDADRs [District Agricultural officers] Cooperacao Espanhola DNER Umbeluzi Research Station Institute of Animal Production Farmers Association – Nampula SG2000 Concelho Cristao National Directorate of Agriculture Care International ADRA Nat. Directorate of Rural Extension INGC Nutrition Department at Ministry of Health INIA Monitoring Division World Vision Field days Two field days were conducted to disseminate information regarding the varieties tolerant to CBSD. The field days were organized in Mogincual and PAN Station and Sub-station, respectively. At PAN, the partners, World Vision, Save the Children, Care, SARRNET, Provincial and District Directorate of Agriculture, Extension together with Community Farmers from the areas around the Station where present. At Mogincual, the partners, technical staff of Save the Chidren, World Vision, Distrital Directorate of Agriculture and Community Farmers, were present. Twelve promising varieties were exhibited in both field days. The partners the technical staff and Community farmers leaders, where able to observe the varieties and make their comments. A leaflet with agronomic and morphological characteristics was available for consultation (see Table A1.1). Table A1.1. Tolerant cassava clones to CBSD displayed during INIA field days in Mozambique Descriptor MZ89186 MZ89192 MZ89001 MACIA 1 NIKWAHA TMS30001 MACIA 2 Kigoma Máfia Likonde Nachinyaya Epiderm texture Lisa lisa Lisa lisa Ruguso Ruguso Liso rugosa rugosa lisa Root Periderm C white white white white brown brown white dark brown dark brown white Cortex C white white white white white white white rosada white white Polp Color white white white white white white white crème white white Forma cilindric conic-cilindric cilindric conic-cilindric conic-cilindric cilindric cilindric conic-cilindric conic-cilindric irregular Taste beeter beeter beeter beeter sweet beeter beeter sweet beeter sweet Length long long long long long long long long long intermêdio Average Yield1822171417161222in study 12 Stem C grey grey grey grey orange grey Marr-light dourado grey grey Hight 1ª B(cm) 15 20 27 100 100 30 150 90 100 50 c terminal stem green green green green green green purpure green-purpure green-purpure green-purpure internodo short short medium medium medium medium medium medium medium medium Leaf Expanded leaf C green dark green dark green light green light green green green green green green Inexpanded leaf C green dark green purpure green dark green purpure green dark green dark green purpure purpure purpure green dark Pubescence absent absent absent absent present absent absent absent absent present Nº lobuls 7797577577 Forma dos lobulos lanceolat eliptico lanceolatteliptico lanceolattobova-lance lanceolat lanceolat lanceolat lanceolat lanceolat lanceolat Cor da nervuras green green and red green green red green avermelhared red purpure clara green-red Peciol C green yellow red green green yellow green yellow red green yellow red red green purpure purpure Pest CGM 4443143322 CM 3334233422 Disease CM 2112212222 CBSD* roots1111211112 CBSD* leaf 2122222122 * Results from trials and surveys Field Days and Advanced Clonal Evaluation Trial Field evaluations have been conducted to screen for the best cultivars, and tolerant to the CBSD. The establishment of methodology where researchers, extension services, private and public, facilitate the delivery elite clones to the farmers is the key issue for the success for the cassava production at community level. Joint effort is needed to accomplish that. 2.1. Field days Two field days were conducted as way for dissemination of information regarding the varieties tolerant to CBSD. The field days were organized in Mogincual and PAN Station and Sub-station, respectively. At PAN, the partners, World Vision, Save the Children, Care, SARRNET, Provincial and Distrital Directorate of Agriculture, Extension and Community Farmers from the areas around the Station where present. At Mogincual, the partners, technical staff of Save the Chidren, World Vision, Distrital Directorate of Agriculture and Community Farmers, were present. Twelve promising varieties were exhibited in both field days. The partners the technical staff and Community farmers leaders, where able to observe the varieties and make their comments. A leaflet with agronomic and morphological characteristics was available for consultation.. Advanced Yield Trial (AYT) and Mother and Baby Trials Three advanced yield trials were established in the districts with different incidence of CBSD namely: PAN (low incidence zone); Muecate (medium incidence zone) and Mongicual (Medium incidence zone). Trials with randomized complete block design with 3 replications were implemented in all sites. The objective was to evaluate the performance of cassava clones under different level of CBSD and CMD pressure and assess the root yield and damage by CBSD.The trials had 25 clones. The 10 clones exhibited in the field days where part of the advanced yield trial. The clones were local clones, as check, advanced clones from breeding selection, and local varieties claimed by several farmers to be tolerant to CBSD. The field day comments made by the various participants and the agronomic data collected at harvest, where used to select the cultivars so for the advanced stage. The community farmers at Nampula, Muecati and Mogincual, have participated in the harvest of the AYT. The 25 clones were planted in trial with three replicates. The farmers give their comments for the shoot and root part of the clones. The plant ability to produce good planting material, good leaves production, tolerance to disease and pests, medium to high branching, the absence of root necrosis and low HCN level, were the main characteristics used to select the clones. The disease observed were CBSD, Mosaic (CM) and Bacterial Blight (CBB). The pests were the Casava Mealybug and Cassava Green Mite (CGM) (data not shown). After the farmer’s selection, the root necrosis was the key for selection. One local variety performed well over 3 locations, Likonde. No symptoms were observed in the leaves and roots. The clones with severity 1 were selected and advanced to the Multilocation Trial using the Mother and Baby approach . Table A1.2. Accessions in the gene bank at PAN Nº Origin Susceptibility to CBSD Accessions Aerial part Root 1 IMM (MZ) 30025 IITA Under Under evaluation evaluation 2 Tomo Nampula-corrane Susceptible Susceptible 3 Bwana Nampula Susceptible Susceptible 4 H Melo Nampula Under Under evaluation evaluation 5 Munamwahula Nampula Under Under evaluation evaluation 6 Precoce d´Ángola Angola Under Under evaluation evaluation 7 MZ 89105 IITA Susceptible Susceptible 8 Nikwaha Nampula Susceptible Tolerant 9 Fernando Pó Nampula Tolerant Susceptible 10 MZ 89186 IITA Tolerant Tolerant 11 Namuhiripwe Nampula Under Under evaluation evaluation 12 TMS 42025 IITA Susceptible Susceptible 13 TMS 30001 IITA Under Under evaluation o evaluation o 14 Macia 1 Gaza Under Under evaluation evaluation 15 MZ 89192 IITA Under Under evaluation evaluation 16 TMS 30395 IITA Susceptible Susceptible 17 Gangassol Maputo Susceptible Susceptible 18 MZ 89001 IITA Tolerant Tolerant 19 Chinhembwe Gaza Susceptible Susceptible 20 Musito Gaza Susceptible Susceptible 21 Macia 2 Gaza Under Under evaluation evaluation 22 Kigoma Máfia Cabo Delgado - Tolerant Tolerant Palma 23 Likonde Cabo Delgado Under Under evaluation evaluation 24 Xinkole Cabo Delgado Under Under evaluation evaluation 25 Binte Massute Cabo Delgado - Tolerant Tolerant Palma 26 Nachinyaia Cabo Delgado - Susceptible Tolerant Palma 27 Lipemba Cabo Delgado - Under Under Palma evaluation evaluation 28 N´xinumba Cabo Delgado - Under Under Palma evaluation evaluation 29 Baadge Cabo Delgado - Under Under Palma evaluation evaluation 30 Mulaleia Namacurra – Susceptible Tolerant Zambézia 31 Mocuba Zambézia Under Under evaluation evaluation 32 M´parapato Namacurra - Under Under Zambézia evaluation evaluation 33 Thorola Alua- Nampula Under Under evaluation evaluation 34 Mukhudo Zambézia Under Under moyeviha evaluation evaluation 35 Nivalapwa Alua- Nampula Under Under evaluation evaluation 36 Nottele Nampula Under Under evaluation evaluation 37 Pwapwa Caramacha- Under Under Nampula evaluation evaluation 38 Xitaxe C. Delgado Under Under evaluation evaluation Table A1.3. Disease incidence and root necrosis from trial data collected at Mogincual, 2002/2003 season. Clone N- Clone Disease incidence (%) CBSD selected Root necrosis CBB CBSD CM severity 1. PAN 0176 62.5 6.25 62.5 5 2. PAN 0171 100 0 25 4 3. PAN 0136 100 81.25 18.75 5 4. PAN 01127 100 12.5 0 5 5. PAN 0114 100 0 0 5 6. PAN 0144 50 0 0 5 7. PAN 0140 100 6.25 0 3.6 8. PAN 0181 62.5 43.75 0 3.8 9. PAN 0148 0 18.75 0 1 x 10. PAN 01119 100 0 0 5 11. PAN 013017 93.75 0 25 1 x 12. PAN 01124 100 12.5 0 1 x 13. PAN 0156 50 31.25 0 1 x 14. PAN 012 50 0 18.75 1 x 15. PAN 0178 93.75 0 75 1 x 16. PAN 01122 100 0 31.25 5 17. PAN 0133 12.5 0 12.5 5 18. PAN 0191 0 0 18.75 1 x 19. PAN 0132 100 43.75 25 3.5 20. PAN 0110 31.25 0 0 1 x 21. Likonde 100 0 0 1 x 22.
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