15726 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS AMBASSADOR ZELAYA'S LETTER munists are being encouraged to participate gram. The Army is emphasizing the in the political process. "Beans" part of the program as the military When this institutional infrastructure is situation has stabilized. The Guatemalan HON.ROBERTJ.LAGOMARSINO in place, elections of Constituent Assembly Army has provided assistance to 2.2 million OF CALIFORNIA will be called. The Constituent Assembly Guatemalans in refugee camps that were es­ will draw a new Constitution The creation of an independent and ble reprisals or threats that may endanger ess.• autonomous Electoral Tribunal, whose due process of law. The trials are closed members have been chosen by the Supreme trials; the Guatemalan legal system does Court of Justice from a list of candidates not have open trials, and open hearings are FREEZE QUESTIONS provided by a Nomination Committee established only on very specific instances.

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. June_14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15727 friends in Moscow. You knew the Russians influx of immigrants in. its history. In by no means be construed as a betray­ would never agree to verification anyway, so 1976, 400,000 immigrants came to the al of the diverse cultures which make you relaxed and indulged the impulse to United States legally, and in 1980, daydream. up our great Nation. Our Nation has But now it's time to politely change the more than 800,000 legal immigrants been immeasurably enriched by the subject. If you find yourself getting bogged came to our country. It is believed cultural diversity of our society and down in the freeze debate, pop one of these that if immigration continues at this thus it is vital that this diverse cultur­ 15 questions: rate of growth, the population of the al tradition is preserved. I submit, 1. Describe in 100 words or less the Soviet United States by the year 2030 will be however, that a multilanguage society monument to detente that stands in Berlin. over 320 million. I a.m deeply con­ is not in the best interest of our 2. Name the last three arms-control trea­ cerned with the economic and social Nation. ties upheld by the Soviet Union. effectively assimilate these newcomers tion of the Los Angeles Times, written 4. Illuminate the vigor of the Soviet elec­ into U.S. society. by Neal R. Peirce, which underscores tion system by comparing it with such "fas­ Our Nation's linguistic minorities do some of the important questions re­ cist" American allies as El Salvador, Chile necessitate, to a certain degree, special garding the value of bilingual pro­ and Guatemala. attention and help. I strongly believe, grams to our Nation's immigrants. 5. Outline the many differences between however, that this assistance should The article follows: now and 1963, when the United States uni­ serve to integrate the growing non­ laterally pulled its nuclear missiles out of English speaking populations in Amer­ [From the Los Angeles Times, June 3, 19831 Turkey, Italy and Britain-but the Soviets WHY MAKE IMMIGRANTS FOREVER STRANGERS? neither cut back nor froze, but expanded. ica into U.S. society, not to promote 6. Give the total number of Soviet citizens the segregation of America's immi­ murdered in the Gulag Archipelago from grants. Rather than encouraging the This year the federal government is 1936 to 1950.

tions for the Administration's 1984 budget Academy of Sciences 1 , justifies continued version without federal legislation; now, for research and development. The scientif­ public investment as a national resource. therefore, be it ic and research management communities Like basic research in physics and engineer­ Resolved by the House of Representatives heard numerous assessments justifying de­ ing, basic social science research is an indis­ of the State of Texas, the Senate concurring, fense priorities. They were also assured that pensable part of the effort to achieve and That the 68th Legislative hereby; and, be it substantial increases in funding of basic re­ sustain economic growth.-James J. further search in the physical sciences and engi­ Zuiches.e Resolved, That a copy of this resolution neering, primarily by the National Science shall be forwarded by the Texas Secretary Foundation, would lead to innovations in of State to the President of the United high technology and contribute to economic STEEL PIPE AND TUBE States, the President of the Senate, and the expansion and employment growth. INDUSTRY RELIEF Speaker of the House of Representatives of Inevitably, these analyses also raised a the United States Congress.• series of fundamental research questions HON. JACK FIELDS about the training and supply of scientists and engineers, the problems of organizing OF TEXAS PROXY RED SUN OF research groups for innovation, the diffu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SOVIET TYRANNY OVER GRE­ sion of knowledge and transfer of basic re­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 NADA search from the laboratory to marketable technologies, and about the process of job e Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, I am creation associated with high-technology de­ today submitting for the RECORD an HON. LARRY McDONALD velopment. Each of these questions, posed official copy of House Resolution No. OF GEORGIA at the colloquium by representatives of the 97 as passed by the 68th Legislature of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Office of Science and Technology Policy, the State of Texas. Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Office of Management and the Budget, and As an original cosponsor of the Fair by other speakers, is central to the domain Trade in Steel Pipe and Tube Products e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, in of social science. These questions, taken to­ Ace, H.R. 2299, I join with my col­ another part of this CONGRESSIONAL gether, outline an agenda for basic social leagues in the Texas State Legislature RECORD I introduced, for the benefit of science research. Not all the participants in in urging prompt action on this impor­ my colleagues, a very timely article on the colloquium, however, seemed to recog­ Grenada, translated from a West nize the social scientific nature of these tant legislation. questions and the research efforts needed to As a member of the Congressional German publication. On April 8, 1983, understand the conditions conducive to Steel Caucus, with two major steel the Manchester Union Leader, of technological innovation and the likely con­ plants located in my district, I know Manchester, N.H., carried a column by sequences of such change. that a vibrant domestic steel industry Patrick J. Buchanan warning of the The challenge to the research community is absolutely essential to our industrial establishment of many Cubas in Cen­ lies in providing research-based answers to base and our national security. tral America. these kinds of questions. Psychologists, soci­ Steel is absolutely critical to our On June 6, 1983, former Governor of ologists, and economists have addressed daily way of life. Yet, our Government New Hampshire, Hon. Meldrim Thom­ these questions in studies of national lab­ has allowed this vital industry to be son, further illustrated the danger in oratories, careers of scientists including Central America in a column titled: Nobel Laureates, and the rise and productiv­ subjected to new and increasing on­ ity of specific industries, such as the semi­ slaughts of foreign steel imports. "Red Sun of Soviet Tyranny Rising conductor industry and agriculture. Just as Col. William Barret Travis Fast Over Grenada." I have taken the A key question concerns the impact that drew a line in the sand at the Alamo, liberty in the title of this entry to organizational size and complexity, bureau­ now is the time for our Government to show that the Soviet Union's proxy, cratic structure, and regulatory procedures draw a line on steel imports. In my Cuba, is really doing the Kremlin mas­ have on productivity and innovation. Some judgment, this legislation is a positive ter's dirty work. analyses suggest support for small, high­ step in that direction and together Only this past Sunday, June 12, the technology firms will lead to higher rates of with efforts to strengthen and im­ Washington.Post, true to their mission innovation and increases in employment; prove our trade laws will, I believe, of promoting Fidel Castro and Cuba, and policies have been proposed to support carried the summary of a Carlos the individual small firm. But, is it the criti­ help revitalize our domestic steel in­ cal mass of many small firms on Route 128 dustry. Fuentes, who delivered the commence­ in Massachusetts or in Silicon Valley that The text of this resolution follows: ment address recently at Harvard Uni­ provides a creative environment? In such an versity. What should be interesting to HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION No. 97 my colleagues is that Fuentes calls for environment ideas diffuse rapidly and spin­ Whereas, the thousands of jobs in Texas off growth of new firms is accelerated. A de­ and other states; and sitting down and negotiating with finitive answer concerning the relation be­ Whereas, A reliable domestic supply of Castro. Americans should know the tween job creation and size of firm still re­ specialty pipe and tube products, including reason why. It is simply that Castro is mains elusive. oil country tubular goods is essential to U.S. costing the Soviet Union in excess of We need to understand the impacts of energy exploration and production; and $10 million per day to sustain Castro's technological change in economic and social Whereas, Rapidly increasing imports of Cuba, and what better way to save terms. Typically, economic benefits are esti­ steel pipe and tube products are a substan­ Castro and the Soviet Union than mated but potential costs ignored. Techno­ tial cause of serious injury to steel pipe and have the U.S. taxpayer now get friend­ logical innovation in one area often means tube producers in Texas and other states; technological obsolescence in others. This and ly and bail Fidel out. can affect community tax bases as well as Whereas, This injury will be compounded We do not think the American the demand for products of some firms and by the diversion of steel imports from the people will buy any negotiating with for skills of some workers. European Community to pipe and tube Castro, and yet as another reminder These research questions represent only a products as a result of recently negotiated for even the most gullible that listen few dimensions of the social science re­ restrictions on the importation of other to such prattle at Harvard University, search agenda, yet research in such areas types of European steel products; and I now share Governor Thomson's remains severely hampered by the reduc­ Whereas, The provisions of a separate ar­ column on the true situation in Gre­ tions of funds rangement between the United States and nada, from the June 6, 1983, edition of for social, economic, and behavioral science the European Community on the importa­ research in NSF and other agencies. The im­ tion of steel pipe and tube products cannot the Manchester Union Leader: portance of the research questions and be adequately enforced to prevent such di- RED SUN OF SOVIET TYRANNY RISING FAST needed answers should justify support. The OVER GRENADA is record of performance also warrants it. The 1 Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral The red sun of Soviet tyranny rising value, significance, and yield of basic re­ and Social Sciences, Behavioral and Social Sctence rapidly over Grenada in the Antillean Is­ search in the social and behavioral sciences, Research: A National Resource . Each death was assigned to one of researchers Marianne C. Mierley, the five MRV groups on the basis of the weapon is at least a generation ahead MRV of the census tract of residence. of the present Soviet system. If it is MHS and Susan P. Baker, MPH, out­ lines the terrible tragedy which results Nonresidents were excluded. Since deaths deployed it would be a serious and sub­ of city residents that occurred outside the stantial threat to Soviet satellites. each year from carelessly discarded city were not known, death rates may un­ Because the Air Force ASAT is so cigarettes and the policy options derestimate actual mortality. which we have to confront this prob­ small in size and because any F-15 RESULTS fighter could be a potential launcher lem. During 1981 alone, 63,518 cigarette­ The average annual death rate from for this ASAT, if the United States de­ house fires for Baltimore residents was 2.2/ ploys the ASAT, it would impose impos­ ignited fires resulted in 2,144 deaths, 100,000 during the three-year period 1976 to sible verification problems for the So­ 3,819 injuries, and $305 million in 1978. The death rate for males was 2.6; for viets if we ever wanted to negotiate a property damage. The time has come females, 1.8. The death rate for blacks was when we must end this tragedy by at­ twice the death rate for whites-2.8 com­ ban on these weapons in the future. tacking this serious problem at its pared with 1.4. Sixteen <29 percent> of the So what do you think the Soviets source-the cigarette. deaths occurred in children aged 0 to 14 will do if they are faced with an over­ The Johns Hopkins paper follows: years; children aged 0 to 4 years had the whelming threat to their satellites? highest death rate <4.3). Persons aged 60 They will respond by building a com­ [From the Journal of the American Medical and older had the second highest rate (2.7>. parable, if not superior, system to Association, March 19831 For the lowest two median rental value target against our satellites. FATAL HOUSE FIRES IN AN URBAN POPULATION quintiles combined, the death If the Soviets did this we would be highest. Sixty percent of deaths among Three fourths of all fire-related deaths in States goes ahead with deployment of Number of Percent of antisatellite weapons. the United States result from house fires, Med"ian rental value Number of Number of fires with fires with which cause 5,000 deaths annually. 1 For quintile deaths fires Congress therefore now has a choice. ages 1 to 64 years, house fires are the lead­ ":a~ n:: It can authorize this $19.4 million in­ ing cause of death from unintentional stallment on the arms race in space. injury in the home. 1...... 13 10 35 2...... 22 13 35 Or Congress can urge the President to House-fire deaths in Baltimore were stud­ 3...... 10 8 13 begin negotiations to ban weapons ied to determine death rates in relation to 4...... 7 5 13 from space permanently. property rental value, to analyze important 5...... 3 3 13 I hope Congress chooses the latter contributing factors, and to suggest poten­ Total ...... 55 39 10 26 option and votes no on the $19.4 mil­ tial preventive measures. Of particular in- lion for procurement of ASAT weap­ Fire investigators attributed 55 percent of ons.e Footnotes at end of paper. the fires (56 percent of deaths) to cigarettes, 15746 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 typically on the basis of evidence that fire ing: for example, ignition sources, flamma­ rate of smoke detector installation by rent­ broke out in a smoldering mattress or up­ bility of building materials, potential toxici­ ers than by homeowners.18 Thus, there holstered furniture and that cigarette smok­ ty of combustion products, warning systems, seems to be an inverse correlation between ers were involved. The death rate from ciga­ and egress. Most housing units in low­ the risk of fire and the likelihood of being rette-ignited fires was 1.6 in MRVQs 1 and 2 income areas are rented, which may make protected with a smoke detector. and 0.8 in MRVQs 4 and 5. The percentage hazards easier to regulate than in the case Materials that reduce toxic byproducts of of house-fire deaths caused by cigarettes in­ of owner-occupied units. The role of electri­ combustion, designs that prevent the spread creased with median rental value

of the 31 persons who died nine times more frequent in low-rental than fication of ignition sources and continued in cigarette-ignited house fires were not the in high-rental census tracts. efforts to protect homes with effective smokers of the cigarettes. Alcohol is a major factor not only in alerting systems probably offer the greatest Nine of the 11 deaths related to heating or house fires but also in vehicle crashes, potential for reducing house-fire deaths and electrical equipment occurred in the two drownings, and many other injuries. 9 Unfor­ injuries. lowest MRVQs
had blood alcohol concentra­ One promising measure for preventing Clark DW, MacMahon B : Preventive and tions of 0.10 percent by weight or cigarette-related house-fire deaths is the de­ Community Medicine. Boston, Little Brown & Co., higher. of the adults who as a fire hazard. 1° Cigarette brands already Krasny JF, Allen PJ, Maldonado AM, et al: De­ died · in cigarette-ignited house fires, com­ vary greatly in two characteristics that in­ velopment of a Candidate Test Method for the Meas­ pared with two of 11 <18 percent> in other urement of the Propensity of Cigarettes to Cause fluence their fire-igniting potential: the Smoldering Ignition of Upholstered Furniture and house fires . temperature at which they burn and the Mattresses: Final Report, To reduce the number and broaden the Academy at Kings Point. Mr. Kosman, people, but, when just a few thousands size of income tax brackets in order to mini­ Air Force Academy at Colorado can respond. Democracy is alive and mize the effects of "bracket-creep.'' Springs. Mr. Gee, also a graduate of well in these United States, Mr. Speak­ (2) To promote equity in the tax code: Brooklyn Technical, has for the past er, and the thousands of men, women, Vertical equity-by maintaining the basic progressivity of the current federal income year attended the State University of and children along the coast of San tax system, which counter-balances the gen­ New York at Stony Brook. Both he Mateo County join me in expressing erally non-progressive character of other and Mr. Tumino, a graduate of John our thanks to my colleagues in the taxes paid by individuals ; horizontal equity-by curtailing the U.S. Military Academy at West the impact of tax preferences To preserve the federal income tax as MATEO COASTSIDERS Both the Senate Budget Committee the dominate financing source for federal and the full House recommended reve­ programs. <7> To achieve all of the above in the least HON. TOM LANTOS nue increases of about $30 billion in disruptive and most feasible fashion by OF CALIFORNIA fiscal year 1984, tacitly endorsing building on to the present tax system (pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES repeal of the third year of the tax cut. gressive tax with allowances for special cir­ Many of us, however, are concerned cumstances-deductions) rather than Tuesday, June 14, 1983 because although we recognize that making a radical departure. •Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, in a the gap between spending and reve­ DETAILS magnificent display of bipartisanship, nues cannot be narrowed by spending <1> Beginning January l, 1984, the individ­ the House has just acted to approve cuts alone, the increased tax burden ual income tax rate schedules would be full Federal funding-estimated at caused by repeal of the third year of amended to the following Married individuals-joint returns: link between our coastal communities burden-lower and middle income tax­ Taxable income: Tax: in San Mateo County. This action by payers. These same people are also the Not over $4,600 ...... No tax. the House of Representatives speaks $4,600 to $27,000...... 20% of the excess over ones who have benefited least from $4,600. eloquently of the vitality and compas­ the earlier stages of the tax cut. Also, $27,000 to $33,000...... $4,704 plus 26% of the sion of our democratic form of govern­ simply repealing the indexing provi­ excess over $27,000. ment. The thousands of our fell ow sion would leave us without any mech­ $33,000 to $62,000...... $6,264 plus 39% of the citizens who live along the spectacu­ anism for addressing the serious prob­ excess over $33,000. Over $62,000 ...... $17,574 plus 50% of the larly beautiful coast of San Mateo lem of bracket creep. excess over $62,000. County cried out for help a few The full Senate, however, scaled Unmarried individuals Married individuals-separate returns: ings to the towns of Pacifica and Half rate brackets. At the same time, it Not over $2,300 ...... No tax. Moon Bay and visited the focal point would broaden the income base with­ $2,300 to $13,500...... 20% of the excess over of the crisis itself, Devil's Slide. Yes- out requiring repeal of any specific tax $2,300. 15748 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 $13,500 to $16,500...... $2,352, plus 26% of the As the proud representative of the gins. Until and unless we give equal excess over $13,500. $16,500 to $31,000...... $3,132, plus 39% of the Fifth District, and as a fellow Baptist, time to the theory of creation, we will excess over $16,500. I want to congratulate the Campbells­ not be able to come to grips with the Over $31,000 ...... $8,787, plus 50% of the ville Baptist Church as the oldest fundamental question of from whence excess over $31,000. church in Taylor County, and one of do we come. CD> Estates and trusts: the outstanding congregations in the Mr. Speaker, I would like to insert Not over $11,200 ...... 20%. $11,200 to $14,200...... $2,352, plus 26% of the Nation. I urge my colleagues to simi­ the article at this point in the RECORD excess over $11,200. larly recognize this congregation, and ·and urge my colleagues to carefully $14,200 to $28,700...... $3,132, plus 39% of the join me in wishing them well during consider its conclusions and their im­ excess over $14,200. 192 Over $28,700 ...... $8,787, plus 50% of the their next years of spiritual and plications for Federal funding of these excess over $28,700. civic service to Taylor County and activities. <2> Beginning January 1, 1984, the Zero Kentucky.e The article follows: Bracket Amount would be increased to CFrom This Month, May 19831 $4,600 for joint returns <$2,300 for singles). (3) Beginning January l, 1984, the person­ EVOLUTION: FACT OR FALLACY? EvOLUTION: FACT OR FALLACY? TEACHER al exemption for the taxpayer would be increased from HON. WILLIAM E. DANNEMEYER The July 1983 withholding change and e Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, theories maintained by exponents of the indexing of the income tax would be re­ the Federal Government continues to Theory of Evolution. His position was pealed. promote the theory of evolution as the shared recently in a special series of lectures (6) Beginning January 1, 1984, the deduc­ sole explanation of man's origins on in the Adult Bible Class of his congrega­ tion for two-earner married couples would Earth to the exclusion of the theory tion.> 1 be repealed, because the "bracket flatten­ of creation. An insidious movement has been under­ ing" proposal itself originated as a method way during the last century to discredit the for reducing the "marriage penalty" in a Specifically, this occurs through ave­ once commonly held belief that our earth manner that would not exacerbate the nues as diverse as Federal funding of and all the forms of life on it came about as "marriage bonus" /"singles penalty" that exhibits at the Smithsonian Institu­ the result of a special creation such as is de­ exists in certain cases.e tion which treat only evolution, to the scribed in the book of Genesis. This subver­ partial funding of educational instruc­ sive line of pseudo-scientific, anti-Christian tion at primary and secondary schools thought received its first real impetus when CAMPBELLSVILLE BAPTIST across our country that only presents Charles Darwin published his views on the CHURCH matter in his "On the origin of species" in the theory of evolution in science 1859 and his "The Descent of Man," in 1871. classes. What amounted to nothing more than a HON. HAROLD ROGERS It has long been my position that biological hypothesis based on evidence in­ OF KENTUCKY both the theory of creation and the adequate even in Darwin's day to qualify it IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES theory of evolution should be present­ as a good theory, has been promulgated into Tuesday, June1~ 1983 ed when this subject is under consider­ the present so-called "fact" of evolution, ation in whatever forum. Regardless which has since permeated all other areas e Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, I want of science. On the assumption that the bio­ to direct the attention of my col­ of one's own views on the subject, logical theory of evolution is true, scientists leagues in the House to an outstand­ simple fairness dictates that both in other branches have been impelled to re­ ing church and its congregation in my points of view be presented since it is examine the basic, long-accepted theories district. clear that we do not yet know all that and hypotheses of their disciplines in light It was 192 years ago that a handful there is to know on this issue. The of evolution's new tenets. of Taylor County, Ky., residents first presentation of both theories is espe­ In much the same way as the run-off from came together to form "Church cially important when whole or partial a heavy rain fouls a clear stream, so the di­ Federal funding is involved. Just as gressive run-off from the heavy rain of evo­ Pitman." It was a joint effort by lutionary theorizing has fouled the main­ Pitman Creek and Robinson Creek, taxpayers should not be required to stream of scientific thought and explora­ founded 2 years apart in 1791 and subsidize abortion, so should taxpay­ tion. As a result, rather than being viewed 1793. ers not be required to subsidize one in a truly objective scientific manner, all Later, in 1852, "Church Pitman" presentation over another on this new and existing evidence which the uni­ became Campbellsville Baptist issue. verse provides as a clue to its origin, is Church. Besides housing the congrega­ The presentation of the theory of viewed from the static assumption that tion, the building was also an historic evolution to the exclusion of creation macro-evolution, in one form or another, is is also unjustified given the legitimate fact. site during the Civil War, and was Meanwhile, the product of this upheavel used as a county courthouse after questions that have been raised about of traditional thought has been spoon-fed Confederate soldiers burned down the the theory of evolution. In this con­ by an eager media to a gullible public as ab­ courthouse itself. nection, I would like to share an arti­ solute truth, to the decidedly unscientific Since then, much has happened. In cle with my colleagues that appeared exclusion of all conflicting theories or evi­ 1889, Shuttleworth Memorial Baptist in the May 1983 edition of This dence. Church replaced the former church Month, a publication of the Southern Yet, in spite of the media hype, and con­ building. In 1915-16, a new church California District of the Lutheran trary to the repeated denials of the evolu­ Church-Missouri Synod. tionist community, the fact remains that building was erected with a domed the bulk of scientific evidence, when viewed ceiling and four walls of stained glass In the article, "Evolution: Fact or objectively and by the unprejudiced eye, windows. A fire destroyed that build­ Fallacy?", Randolph Merrill, a seventh lends solid support and credibility to the ing in 1962, but the congregation grade teacher at Good Shepherd Lu­ Creation model while contradicting the Evo­ worked to erect a new church in 1963. theran School in Inglewood, Calif., lutionary model at nearly every turn. From its simple past in the earliest presents factual evidence and argu­ Although it is impossible within a format days of our Nation, the Campbellsville ments which call into question the such as this to attempt even a limited expo­ Baptist Church now ministers to over theory of evolution. Mr. Merrill's arti­ sition on the myriad discrepancies between 1,400, under the direction of one of cle presents the scientific reasons for the Evolutionist model and the actual scien- the State's great religious leaders, Dr. at least taking a skeptical view of evo­ James Jones. lution as the sole theory of our ori- · Footnotes at end of article. June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15749 tific evidence, included here are just a few is possible to obtain clues to the age of the prayer-hearing God, assumed to love and classic examples from some of the major earth, and also to determine when certain care for persons, to hear and understand areas of contention. Consider the following: plants and animals lived. However, as con­ their prayers, and to be able to do some­ Two proven and universally accepted sci­ vincing as this line of logic may appear, it is thing about them, is an unproved and out­ entific laws, the First and Second Laws of in reality totally ambiguous. In his book, moded faith. 'As nontheists, we begin with Thermodynamics, are in total contradiction "Scientific Creationism," Dr. Henry M. humans, not God, nature not deity.' to the theory of evolution. These two laws Morris cites the following methods by which 'No deity will save us; we must save our­ state respectively that nothing is now "rocks are not dated. . . selves.'" 13 being either "created" or destroyed, and (2) (1 >By their appearance; The very condition of society today, after that all things left to themselves always <2> By their petrologic character; more than 100 years of humanist/evolution­ tend to go from complex to simple, from or­ <3> By their mineralogic content; ist influence, suggests that if man must rely ganized to disorganized. Consequently the (4) By their structural features; upon himself to be his own savior, then he universe, governed as it is by present natu­ (5) By their adjacent rocks; is in exceedingly deep trouble. For despite ral law, cannot circumstantiate its own <6> By their vertical superposition; all the scientific and technological break­ origin, and the evolutionary requirement of <7> By radiometrically; throughs in recent years, the world contin­ a progressive development from simplest to (8) By any physical characteristics at all; ues to drift deeper into the quagmire of more complex forms, is totally incompati­ and moral and spiritual decay. Meanwhile, ble. (9) By their total fossil contents." 8 "Asimov and other humanists decry the A single important discovery, made at the What, then, is the sole criteria used by ev­ teaching of creationism as 'religious' while, time of the moon landings, has effectively olutionary geologists to date the rocks in at the same time, their Manifesto proclaims negated all existing evolutionary models for the geologic column? "The answer ... their own set of beliefs to be a 'living and the origin of our solar system. Chemical index fossils."9" growing faith.'" analysis of the moon rocks showed their Certain fossils which are assumed to have Clearly the humanists' faith in the even­ composition to be distinctly different from lived within a limited time period during the tual ascendancy of man over the squalor he that of terrestrial rock, much to the chagrin earth's history become the keys by which has created, and of his vindication as a of the evolutionists. If the earth's own the rock strata in which they are found are result of his own merit, is ill-founded. Given moon does not share a common origin with dated. The absurdity of such a presumption such a bleak outlook for the future, it is any the earth, then there is obviously no basis becomes apparent at once. The rocks in the wonder that so many people have turned in for speculating that other planets do geologic column are dated according to the despair to the mental oblivion afforded to either.2 index fossils. The dating of the index fossils them by drugs, and that they live as if there According to the evolutionists, the first is based on the assumption that macro-evo­ were no tomorrow, doing all things in life originated entirely by chance from inor­ lution is fact. The theory of evolution is excess, with no thought for anyone but then defended on the basis of the so-called ganic substances. Amino acids, formed in 10 themselves? this way, went on to form the first simple fossil record. Considering the very religious nature of Unfortunately, as a result of strenuous ef­ proteins, which eventually developed into forts on the part of the evolutionists, most evolution, as professed by innumerable evo­ the first primitive cells, However, if, as the of this evidence continues to be excluded lutionists themselves, it seems rather obvi­ evolutionists believe, the sun's origin pre­ from the nation's textbooks and classrooms, ous why they are so eager to repudiate the dates that of the earth, then the earth and from the mass media in general. When­ teachings of scientific creationism. For it is would necessarily have been bombarded by ever it does manage to surface, its signifi­ one thing to disagree with a person's opin­ solar radiation from the moment of its in­ cance and validity are vigorously decried ions regarding such an abstract concept as ception with the result that such simple and disavowed by the evolutionary propa­ the origin of the earth or the universe. It is chemcial compounds as amino acids would gandists, ostensibly in the interest of scien­ quite another thing to challenge his faith have been destroyed at a rate far in excess tific progress and the public good. and his religi,ous beliefs. Therein lies the of their rate of formation. Consequently, no Yet, if the process of science is indeed an answer to the enigma of the creationist's in­ significant quantities of these compounds objective search for answers and knowledge, ability to secure an equitable public hear­ would ever have been produced.3 and if its product consists of the facts and ing. In additions, according to Dr. Duane T. ideas that have been discovered throughout Both the evolutionist and the creationist Gish, in his speech on the campus of the the years, then why such vitriolic disaffir­ are motivated by considerations which go University of California at Davis: mation of tangible scientific evidence with­ deeper than simple scientific zeal. And as "The probablity of a protein of only 50 out so much as a cursory examination by long as this is true, there can be no reconcil­ amino acids forming by chances would be 1 these so-called men of science? iation between them. The volutionist is to 10 115 , or in layman's language The roots of the American democratic bound, by his belief in the humanistic reli­ 100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,­ system itself are grounded on the precept gion of evolution, to proselytize for it. Like­ ooo,ooo,ooo,ooo,ooo.ooo.ooo,ooo. to one!"4 that a diversity of ideas and opinions is not wise, the creationist is bound by his faith in As if these odds alone were not sufficient­ only healthy and progressive, but the in­ the Creator and His Word to zealously pro­ ly insurmountable, Dr. Gish goes on to alienable right of all concerned. How much claim what he believes to be the truth. point out that: more so should be the area of science, given At stake for the evolutionist is the free­ "Even the very simplest cell contains sev­ the tenuous nature of hypothesis. And nei­ dom to choose to live in whatever style eral thousands of different kinds of pro­ ther evolution or creation is even a scientific pleases him the most, unfettered by any mo­ teins, and many billions of each kind, plus hypothesis, since there is absolutely no way rality other than his own and that imposed all kinds of DNA, RNA and other highly of testing them.11 Why, then, the continu­ upon him by society. At stake for the creationist is plex structures arranged in an incredibly creationist scientific movement? the freedom and the opportunity for all complex system." 5 Ultimately, it is because, to the majority men to live under God in His kingdom, and Experience by Bureau of Mines scientists, of its adherents, evolution does not simply to do His will, now and also throughout described in "Chemical and Engineering represent an alternative scientific theory as eternity. News,'' May 29, 1972, p. 14, support the idea to the origin of man and his universe. To Both evolutionists and creationists use sci­ that the coal and oil which we find in the many it represents a philosophy of life ence to achieve their goals, and to help sup­ earth today can and probably did form rap­ which they freely admit has had a tremen­ port their teachings. Neither doctrine can idly rather than over millions of years. dous impact on society. The steady increase be proved scientifically. They have shown that cellulosic materials in the spread of venereal disease, unwanted There is, however, one inescapable differ­ such as cow manure, when subjected to a pregnancies, and abortions is directly relat­ ence between the approaches used by the temperature of 716°F, at 2000 to 5000 ed to the "evolutionary-based attitudes on two opposing sides. As a close, and unbiased pounds per square inch and in the presence sex, and · the evolutionary based attitude examination of the evidence will reveal, it is of carbon monoxide and steam, can be con­ that all morality is relative," 12 Likewise, the evolutionists who are guilty of distort­ verted to a good grade of petroleum in the increase in drug dependence and in the ing the truth to further their own ends, not about 20 minutes.8 Yet only recently have suicide rate can, in large part, be attributed the creationists. They have done this in the non-creation scientists begun to admit that to the promulgation throughout our society past, and they continue to do it today. And oil can be formed rapidly. 7 of the humanist philosophy, as outlined by lest anyone say that the definition of what As proof of the validity of their immense the American Humanist Association in the is distortion and what is not is simply in the evolutionary time scale, evolutionists fre­ Humanist Manifesto II : the creationists who are presently making column and the fossils imbedded in its "As in 1933, humanists still believe that an all-out effort to deny a public hearing to layers. By dating the rocks, they contend, it traditional theism, especially faith in the the evolutionists!

11-059 0-87-11 (Pt. 12) 15750 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 For creationists, the words of John 1: 1-3 who have come to these shores facing my own State of Maine. A report of are still the definitive answer to this debate: an uncertain future. Throughout its new home-based-care program was re­ "In the beginning was the Word, and the more than 30 years, ACIM has been a cently submitted by the Bureau of Word was with God, and the Word was God. provider of very tangible assistance to Maine's Elderly, to the Maine State The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by him; and without newcomers to our shores and a voice Legislature which concluded that as of him was not anything made that was for a just and humane immigration September 30, 1982, the program made."KJV. policy. For the last 17 years, Father served 642 clients at an average client FOOTNOTES Cogo has been a dedicated leader in cost of only $480 per month. That continuing and expanding this assist­ cost, including all administrative and 1 Henry M. Morris, Scientific Creationsim p. 23. role with ACIM, Father Cogo was es­ cility bed of $931 or a skilled nursing • Ibid., p. 23. teemed for his ministering to the facility bed of $1,298. & Data not supplied. social, economic, and religious needs of Maine's home care program is de­ a Duane T. Gish, "Petroleum in Minutes, Coal in immigrants. Father Cogo is himself an if . Hours," Acts and Facts, Vol. l, No. 4., as quoted in signed to supplement family care John Whitcomb Jr., The World That Perished, immigrant. He was born in Italy in the client has relatives at home. Many 1933, came here in 1955, and was or­ families are overtaxed in providing p. 124. dained in Chicago in 1958, as a care to an elderly relative 24 hours a 1 "Five Minutes with the Bible & Science: The member of the Scalabrini Fathers, an Origin of Coal and Petroleum," Bible-Science News­ day. Respite care is provided, perhaps letter, Vol. 20, No. 7 p. i. brought him to the attention of chores. These services can be provided 12 Paul A. Bartz, "The Social Consequences of ACIM. Evolution," Bible-Science Newsletter, are most appropriate. The revitalization of our schools will schools have not been a happy work place. A wise federal policy would include ex­ require sustained efforts at the local Because of the poor conditions of teaching, panded funding of educational research and and State levels. I believe the Federal it is little wonder that the schools have had information, in order to keep policy-makers, Government also has a very important an increasingly difficult time attracting or educators and citizens well informed. The holding on to talented teachers. National Center for Education Statistics, al­ role to play in the process. One of the The dire descriptions of our educational ready an invaluable barometer of education key questions emerging in the national problems are no cause for negativism. In a trends, should have the capacity to keep debate is the nature of that Federal democracy, the first step necessary for deal­ tabs on the performance of students, teach­ involvement. ing with a problem is to recognize it, and ers, and schools across the nation. With The following article makes a con- this is the service performed by the national better information, we are less likely to be vincing case for a strong Federal role reports. At the time of Sputnik, heightened surprised by educational crises in the in education. As the author, Diane Ra- public concern about the schools led to ef­ future. vitch, writes: "Properly conceived, the fective action at all levels-federal, state, The federal government should also grant Federal role is to inspire, prod, and and local. Real changes occurred as a result, financial assistance to school districts that such as increased enrollments in foreign are overwhelmed by an influx of immigrant assist localities to improve the quality languages, science, and mathematics and children. The well-funded ''impact aid" pro­ of education available to all children. the development of new curricula. gram, intended originally to subsidize dis­ But even under ideal circumstances, Thus, the bad news about our educational tricts with large numbers of military person­ the Federal role can only be subsidiary needs may actually be good news because it nel, could be redirected for this purpose. to local and State efforts." means that we now have the political con- Properly conceived, the federal role is to The article gives a number of exam- sensus to do something about improving the inspire, prod, and assist localities to improve ples of how the Federal Government schools. The seriousness of our long aca­ the quality of education available to all chil­ can help bring about the substantial demic slide provides fair warning that no dren. But even under ideal circumstances, quick fixes will do. The recent commission improvements that the public is begin- reports contain many sensible suggestions, the federal role can be only subsidiary to ning to demand. I highly commend the and they make clear that the job of improv­ local and state efforts. Educational change that is more than cosmetic will require the article to my colleagues and constitu- ing the schools will require thoughtful and cooperation of many different actors. Public ents. consistent efforts by teachers, administra- education continues to be primarily a state CFrom the Washington Post, June 5, 19831 tors, parents, state legislators, and federal responsibility, and the day-to-day function­ THERE'S A LoT WASHINGTON CAN Do officials. Yes, there is a federal role in education, ing of schools depends on the attitudes and and it has nothing to do with prayer or pri- actions of teachers, administrators, school For the first time since Sputnik was orbit- vate school subsidies. The federal govern­ board members and parents. ed in 1957, education is a major political ment must continue to be concerned about To improve student achievement, teachers issue. The warning by the National Commis- both the quality and equality of educational will have to assign more homework, expect sion on Excellence in Education that the opportunity. The value of a strong national students to do more reading and writing, schools-and our society-are threatened by voice is exemplified by the admirable report and spend more time correcting essays. Par­ "a rising tide of mediocrity," and similar ap- of the National Commission on Excellence ents will have to see that their children praisals by other national study panels have in Education, which has already raised the spend more time on homework and less time made the public aware that the condition of level of discourse about education across the on entertainment. Colleges should raise the schools cannot be taken for granted. country. their admissions requirements, which would The question now is, can the momentum for Federal policies must be designed to ad- immediately affect high school curricula. school improvement be sustained? dress local needs. Federal action can help to Schools should strengthen the basic curricu­ All the recent reports have complained alleviate the shortage of teachers in subject lum for all students so that everyone studies that national indicators of academic areas like foreign languages, mathematics history, literature, science, mathematics, achievement and of literacy have fallen over and science by offering fellowships and the arts and foreign language. Those who the past 20 years, despite the vast expansion loans to prospective teachers and by creat­ are going to college need a stronger back­ of our educational system. Educators dis- ing· a mechanism to recognize and reward ground; those who are not going to college agree about why this is so and even whether outstanding teachers. The National Science may not have another opportunity to learn the measures of achievement are valid, but / Foundation can play a constructive role by what is taught in school. there is no doubt that the trend has been furthering contacts between high school For everyone involved, the critical factor down. Not only did average college-entrance students, teachers and the larger world of that must change is the attitude toward the examination scores drop steadily from 1964 science and technology. importance of good education. Technologi­ until last year, but the number of high-scor- The recent efforts by the National Endow­ cal changes demand higher standards of lit­ ing students has shrunk dramatically. Since ment for the Humanities to improve the eracy for the entire population. Schools are the mid-1960s, the same downward pattern teaching of history, literature, and foreign not simply a custodial institution designed has also been recorded on standardized tests languages in high school should be encour­ to keep young people off the streets and out given in junior high school and senior high aged. On Chairman William Bennett's initi­ of the labor market. They are vital in devel­ school. ative the endowment is offering summer oping the abilities and intelligence of young Test scores, of course, are but a symptom seminars for high school teachers to in­ people. Our future well-being as a society of the larger problem. During the past crease their knowledge of history and litera­ depends in large measure on the capacity of decade, researchers have pointed to disturb- ture and has sponsored collaborative activi­ our schools to nurture productive thought­ ing practices: lower requirements for high ties for teachers of the humanities in high ful, and adaptive young men and women. school graduation and college admission, schools and colleges. In addition, the endow­ The impetus for school improvement that which led to smaller enrollments in foreign ment's interest in the high schools has followed Sputnik lasted only seven or eight languages and in advanced courses in math- prompted many state humanities councils to years before other social crises captured the ematics and science; dissolution of the histo- involve teachers and students in their pro­ attention of the public and the education ry and English curriculum, which promoted grams. profession. It fell victim, too, because its the proliferation of specialized or non-aca- Instead of cutting the bilingual education stress on the needs of the gifted conflicted demic electives; less time spent reading, budget, Congress should turn the program with a rising tide of egalitarianism. School writing or doing homework, which under- into a national literacy campaign with an reformers today plead not for the needs of mined verbal skills. Student behavior in even larger budget. The federal government the few but for the right of all American school has also changed for the worse; re- should state clearly, as the 20th Century children to a better education. If it is true ports of absenteeism, vandalism and fight- Fund task force on federal policy recently that public education has the chance only ing by students have been widespread. recommended, that "the most important ob- once in a generation to gain enough nation- 15752 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 al attention to produce substantial change, The article follows: classrooms of about 64 percent of U.S. sec­ then the time is now. [From the Wall Street Journal, May 26, ondary schools-some educators believe that CThe writer, adjunct professor of history 1983] it's too early to worry about equity. and education at Teachers College, Colum­ "We don't have more than 200,000 micro­ COMPUTERS MAY WIDEN GAP IN ScHOOL bia University, served on the 20th Century computers in schools," says Frank Withrow, Fand task force on education and is author QUALITY BETWEEN RICH AND POOR the acting director of the U.S. Department of the forthcoming book "The Troubled of Education's division of educational tech­ Crusade: American Education 1945-1980."le ATLANTA.-Luther Judson Price High nology. "If you arbitrarily say that every School is in a poor, inner-city neighborhood. kid is entitled to 30 minutes a day on the Riverwood High is in one of Atlanta's computers, we would need four million in COMPUTERS IN OUR SOCIETY wealthy suburbs. But one day last March, U.S. schools." Price had six microcomputers to help its Other educators note that schools, despite HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH students learn while Riverwood had just any lack of local wealth, can often acquire three. computers with federal aid, state block OF COLORADO Now, however, Riverwood has unpacked IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grants, corporate donations or their own dis­ 15 more computers, the gift of generous par­ cretionary funds. They say the equity issue Tuesday, June 14, 1983 ents. The new score, 18 to six in Riverwood's is really one of interest and student favor, points up a worry voiced by many demand. • Mr. WIRTH. Mr. Speaker, every­ educators: that computers, potentially a where we turn we see computers play­ In Montana, for instance, the Stevensville great equalizer, may instead widen the gap school system has 48 computers for about ing an increasingly active role in our between the rich and the poor. 1,100 students, although it has one of the society and our lives. Technological "The advantage of the American school lowest per-pupil expenditure records in the advances which were hardly dreamed system is that it's decentralized," says state. "It's strictly priorities," says a school of just a few years ago are now being Andrew Molnar, a program director with the National Science Foundation. Essential­ official. "A school system can have comput­ made daily. But even though this tech­ ly, he says, "schools that want to introduce ers if it's willing to sacrifice somewhere nological revolution promises to bring computers are free to do so; the disadvan­ else." But it often takes less of a sacrifice at with it an era of progress and sophisti­ tage is there are going to be major discrep­ a rich school than at a poor one. cation never before seen, some very ancies between those who have the re­ MONEY AND DISCOUNTS old and familiar patterns are already sources and those who don't.'' Education agencies are beginning to tackle becoming apparent in our application Jerome T. Murphy, associate dean at Har­ computers at the state and district level. of the new technology. In the May 26 vard's graduate school of education, empha­ Some, like the Houston school district, are issue of the Wall Street Journal, Mar­ sizes the disadvantage. "We have a system allocating funds for hardware, software and garet Loeb addresses this topic by de­ of education in this country that is highly teacher training. Others are starting out by inequitable," he says. "There is tremendous arranging equipment discounts, offering tailing disparities which are develop­ diversity between school districts and ing as computer instruction is intro­ curriculum advice and promoting software­ among the states. Computers are a small ex­ sharing programs. "A few states are moving duced into our school systems. acerbation of a more fundamental prob­ ahead to make computers a budget-line In the fall of 1982 72.6 percent of lem." item, but it's more the exception than the the richest U.S. high schools had in­ SEEN AS KEY TO FUTURE rule," says Henry Ingle, the director of the structional computers, versus only 45.5 With the move toward an information and technical-assistance project for state educa­ percent of the Nation's poorest high services-based economy, many think that tion agencies. schools. Not only do wealthier school computer knowledge-both knowledge from While corporate donations are an option districts have more funds to work computers and a knowledge of them-will for poorer schools-computer manufactur­ with, but they also often have far su­ become a key to jobs and prosperity. Legis­ ers are increasingly responsive to schools' perior access to private donations. lators see it as a way to attract high-tech in­ requests for help-federal aid may provide a dustries to their recession-stung states. Edu­ disappointing salve. Despite a rush of bills In addition to resources, there ap­ cators and parents see it as a way to give on mathematics, science and educational pears to be a pronounced difference in children a better future. technology, "the proposals, while likely to attitudes between school districts. In "Everything you see on TV-it's computer have an impact, won't have the kind of wealthier districts, parents tend to be this and computer that," says Joyce Hines, a impact that the rhetoric would have you be­ more in touch with computers in their senior at an inner-city high school here. "If lieve," says Harvard's Mr. Murphy. own lives, and thus, provide more en­ it's going to take over, maybe I can get a job Of course, some students have computers couragement and opportunity for com­ with one." at home. But there again, they aren't the puter learning for their children. Fur­ Computers are likely to become a perma­ poorer youngsters, so that just makes the thermore, while middle-class school nent fixture in the classroom. Educators say equity problem worse. they cut down on teaching time and seem to At Scarsdale High School in Westchester systems tend to use their computers as improve learning in various subjects. Har­ County, N.Y., Corwith Hansen, assistant part of higher level academic curricu­ vard is making computer work a graduation principal, says he isn't sure how many stu­ la, innercity schools tend to emphasize requirement. The state of Utah is requiring dents have home computers, but "there's a vocational aspects of computer study. computer literacy for all new teachers, small handful of kids who have surpassed The potential academic benefits of starting next fall. anything we can offer them here." One stu­ computer use in our Nation's schools But in the schools' rush to show they are dent with a home computer wrote some pro­ are substantial. However, as the article in touch with the future, equity issues have grams now used by the school administra­ illustrates, it is imperative that we not largely been ignored, says Ernest L. Boyer, tion. Another earns $300 to $500 a month lose sight of one critical point. A basic the president of the Carnegie Foundation consulting and hopes to collect royalties on for the Advancement of Teaching. "There's programs he writes. "But the school can't tenet of our education system is equal­ much evidence," he says, "that if we aren't take credit for that," Mr. Hansen says. "He ity, and in the rush to join the com­ careful, the affluent districts, where parents spent his bar mitzvah money on equipment, puter age, we must be careful to pre­ are themselves caught up in computer possi­ then earned it all back.'' serve equal opportunity and equal bilities, will provide a lot of opportunity for For disadvantaged students, such opportu­ access to a quality education for all young people while in poverty districts nities often don't exist. "Poor students Americans. Children in less-advan­ many young people won't be coming in would have access only in school, if at all," taged school districts must not be touch with any of these new developments." says Chicago Superintendent Ruth Love. denied entry into the computer age, or TOO SOON TO WORRY "It's a major concern. We don't want to take else we will have lost a major battle in According to a survery by Market Data away-we want the affluent and middle the fight for equal opportunity in Retrieval, a market-research firm, 72.6 per­ class to have access. We just don't know cent of the country's richest high schools how to compensate with the poor." America. had instructional computers in the fall of Another concern of some educators is I believe that Ms. Loeb's article 1982 while only 45.5 percent of the poorest their belief that different schools use com­ makes many valid points for us to con­ high schools did. But since all this is rela­ puters in such ways to reinforce the con­ sider, and I urge my colleagues to read Uvely new-another survey found that in­ trasting ambitions of their students. The it closely. structional computers had reached into the national PTA told its state officers: June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS· 15753 "At the secondary school level, a vocation­ and promised to match that amount if the cident occurred on machines that were not ally oriented curriculum in such areas as PTA could raise another $5,000 before manufactured by Proctor. word processing, data processing and com­ year's end. Sherry Hines, PTA co-president, They have successfully defended their puter repair is developing for inner-city got on the phone. It took one call. product and continue to vigorously defend youngsters, whereas middle-class youngsters Although many students here had com­ each of the lawsuits brought against them. are being provided with higher-level uses of puters at home, private-school children, Unfortunately, Proctor has little or no op­ the computer in a precollege-level curricu­ with whom Riverwood students compete for portunity to recover the costs incurred in lum." admission to elite colleges, already had com­ defending these cases. The theory that the In assessing the problem of inequity, a puter labs in their schools, Mrs. Hines says. manufacturer can pass the cost of product closer look at two high schools, one in At­ The kids at Riverwood, she believes, were liability on to the consumers does not apply lanta's inner city, the other in a wealthy suffering by comparison. to Proctor because they are no longer in the suburb, may provide some insight. Now the school has 15 new computers, rotary textile machine business. If they Price High School . and Principal Leonard Jones hopes that were to add the cost of litigation to their ex­ many of the school's 1,200 students will use isting machinery line, they would become Eight years ago, when Assistant Principal them in math, science, English, foreign lan­ uncompetitive. Narvie Hill Williams came to Luther Judson guages and personal finance, as well as basic 2. JAMES HUNTER MACHINE COMPANY, INC. Price High School, her main task, she says, to advanced computer courses. Mr. Jones is was to "stop the girls from fighting-there excited by the possibilities. In 1979 a case was settled before trial in­ was a lot of that." "For 200 years," he says, "education has volving a piece of equipment shipped in Things have improved over the years. She been the same-someone standing up and 1920. No one could state that the machine no longer has to accompany students to lecturing. This is the first time we can teach was the original after careful inspection. court "at least once a week for drugs or 15 different students all at their own rates." There were many parts of the machine weapons." But fundamental problems af­ There are some computer-savvy students which, of necessity, had had to be replaced fecting this school, with its high percentage here who will doubtless be putting the com­ during the 59 years from the time of its of disadvantaged students, will probably puters to good use. Travis Brown, for in­ manufacture. A large sum of money was never go away. stance, went to computer camp last summer. paid to the plaintiff, even though the ma­ No wonder, then, that administrators here He ties up the phone for hours, his sister chine had been sold three or four times. have trouble separating computers from complains, using it to hook up to other com­ The various second- and third-hand owners deeper socioeconomic problems. puters in the area. Computers mean so had each replaced original Hunter parts "At a faculty meeting, a department head much to him that his parents have devised a with foreign parts. expressed concern that we weren't in touch new punishment: Recently they "grounded" In California, there are several suits pend­ with the computer world," Mrs. Williams him awhile from using the family computer. ing, one of which involves an accident on a says. "I'm kind of torn. We need them; it's a Travis finds the school's three older com­ machine which the plant made up from sev­ fact of life. We want kids to be competitive. puters pretty pedestrian. "These are the eral old machines they had in their ware­ But we don't need them to the exclusion of worst," he says. "They're no fun to use. house. Unfortunately, the frame of the basic needs." The're probably five years old. There's stuff equipment which carried all of the working For her, smaller classes and more teachers we can't do on them."• part had a Hunter name plate on it and are higher priorities. So is money for special order number. However, this order number projects, such as showing her "regionally bore no relationship to the machine which provincial" students parts of the city that . AMERICAN TEXTILE MACHIN­ was constructed by the mill and a sheet every middle-class Atlantan is familiar with. metal company they hired to provide duct "The school," she says, "is a child's only re­ ERY ASSOCIATION CALLS FOR work. Hunter Machine Company had no source in a community like this." PRODUCT LIABILITY REFORM record whatsoever of what had been done Only a fraction of the 780 students at nor had they ever manufactured the ma­ Price use the school's six educational com­ HON. CARROLL A. CAMPBELL, JR. chine with the configurations of the one of puters. They aren't available before or after OF SOUTH CAROLINA which the man was injured. school because they are locked away-"so no Hunter Machine Company, Inc. had filed one steals them," says Sybil Allen, an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Chapter 11. eighth-grader. For an hour each day, the Tuesday, June 14, 1983 3. DAVIS AND FURBER MACHINE COMPANY computers are available on a first-come, first-served basis, but it isn't clear how • Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, one Since 1830 the Davis and Furber families many students take advantage of that time. of the legislative priorities of the have been manufacturing textile machinery The only scheduled use of the computers is American Textile Machinery Associa­ for the American textile industry. In Sep­ in remedial-reading classes, where 150 or so tion, many members of which are con­ tember 1982, it went out of business. The students use them. stituents of South Carolina's Fourth annual cost of product liability made manu­ One eighth-grader, Tracy Love, describes facturing new textile machinery impossible. District, is enactment of product liabil­ The company is currently defending a her work this way: "The computer gives me ity reform. As the Senate reportedly a paragraph to read, I put an answer on my case involving a machine manufactured in work sheet and the computer lets me know intends to move on this issue, I think 1895. It has been altered and modified again if I'm right or wrong." When she answers it is important for Members to under­ and again by different owners. Davis and correctly, the computer screen fills up with stand how current product liability Furber had not seen the machine since it little "wows." laws can impact on the textile machin­ left the plant in 1895. "The kids fall out of their chairs when ery industry. Accordingly, I am The company has had 36 product liability they see that," says Linda Clements, a reme­ claims in its history. These cases were set­ pleased to insert into the RECORD sam­ tled because the company found that the dial-reading teacher. ples of the damage product liability Charles Mason, Price's principal, says he cost of litigation would far exceed the laws have caused several companies. I amount of settlement. At one point Davis plans to buy another computer for the think the stories speak for themselves. school this summer. He also hopes that and Furber was one of the largest textile It Price will be accepted in a proposed city PRODUCT LIABILITY TExTILE MACHINERY machinery manufacturers in the world. pilot program that would finance $400,000 CASES no longer exists.e of computer software and equipment for 1. PROCTOR & SCHWARTZ, INC. about eight schools. Proctor & Schwartz, Inc. and its predeces­ INEQUITY AND DECLINE Not everyone at the school has an interest sors have manufactured textile machinery in computers. James Shepherd, a junior, for 100 years. In 1975 Proctor made a deci­ thinks learning with computers would be sion based upon economic factors, including HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) ST ARK pretty odd. the mounting costs (direct and indirect> of OF CALIFORNIA "I think they're working on a computer product liability expenses, that it would no that can walk around," he says. "It would be longer be economically feasible to manufac­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strange to have it walk up to you and say, ture rotary textile machinery. Since that Tuesday, June 14, 1983 'Here's your assignment.' " He adds: "I'd time, they continued to be faced with the rather deal with my own kind.'' ever increasing costs of defending lawsuits, e Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I would Riven.oood High some of which arise out of accidents involv­ like to call the attention of my col­ Last December, a parent donated $5,000 ing machines that are more than 70 years leagues and the readers of the CON­ toward Riverwood's planned computer lab old and others involving cases where the ac- GRESSIONAL RECORD to an outstanding 15754 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 new book on the economic and moral cock, who was named the first U.S. A TRIBUTE TO OUR NATION'S reasons demanding that we make tax Ambassador to the People's Republic FLAG reform a top legislative priority. of China in 1979. At the ceremony, The new book, by Robert S. Mcin­ Mr. Woodcock said: "Mary Dimond tyre and Dean C. Tipps, is entitled has done more for United States-Chi­ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN "Inequity and Decline," and is pub­ nese understanding than all the am­ OF NEW YORK lished by the Center on Budget and bassadors put together." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Policy Priorities. In addition to her active role in Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Our Nation's tax laws were pretty 4iternational affairs, Mrs. Dimond was pitiful before 1981, but the 1981 Tax also a professional photographer. She • Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, the Act destroyed any semblance of equity used an old Konica camera with a celebration of our flag, our immortal and has created economic chaos for fixed lens and no filters. Her photo­ "Stars and Stripes," has been com­ the rest of this decade-unless we act graphs were never doctored, only en­ memorated each year on June 14, to reduce the deficits caused by the larged. She believed that an undistort­ since Flag Day was first declared on 1981 act and restore equity to the law. ed photograph of a subject, usually in August 3, 1949. The 1982 TEFRA tax bill made some The design of our Nation's flag dates progress toward narrowing the deficits nature, had its appeal through its hon­ esty. That belief carried through in back to June 14, 1777. Since that date, a!ld ending some loopholes, but it was the "Stars and Stripes" has survived just a start. her work with people. Mrs. Dimond was a gracious gentle­ many a crisis, a Revolutionary War, a The Mcintyre-Tipps book starts Civil War and two World Wars. It has with a quote from F. D. R.'s second in­ woman with a remarkable capacity to augural address, which is startling for get things done, and she will be sorely led our courageous service men and its freshness and wisdom: "We have missed by family, friends, Kansas women in battles in Europe, Africa, always known that heedless self-inter­ Citians, and people around the world.e Korea, Vietnam, and on the seven est was bad morals; we know now that seas. it is bad economics." George Washington, in describing It is my hope that the 98th Congress THE FERTILIZER INSTITUTE our flag, said: can take to heart the information pro­ MARKS lOOTH YEAR We take the stars from heaven, the red vided by this book and enact a moral, from our mother country, separating it by economically efficient tax program.e white stripes, thus showing that we have HON. GIWS W. LONG separated from her, and the white stripes OF LOUISIANA shall go down to posterity representing lib­ A TRIBUTE TO MARY CLARK erty. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DIMOND Throughout our 200 year history, Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Americans have held our flag in high HON. ALAN WHEAT • Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speak­ esteem, symbolic of our Nation's OF MISSOURI er, I would like to take this opportuni­ strength and firm belief in our pursuit IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ty to commemorate the lOOth anniver­ of freedom and justice. Tuesday, June 14, 1983 sary of the Fertilizer Institute. The in­ In 1892, we adopted the "Pledge of stitute has rendered a tremendous Allegiance to Our Flag." Our pledge •Mr. WHEAT. Mr. Speaker, I am "to our Flag and to the Nation for greatly saddened by the death of Mrs. service to the agricultural community Mary Clark Dimond, a distinguished and the U.S. fertilizer industry over which it stands" has been repeated by gentlewoman from Kansas City who the years by educating our Nation's millions of Americans, time and again, died unexpectedly Thursday, June 9. leaders on the necessity of a viable fer­ demonstrating undying loyalty and Mrs. Dimond, 65, was born in New tilizer industry. The U.S. fertilizer in­ faith in the American way of life York and graduated from Radcliffe dustry is an essential part of U.S. agri­ which our flag represents. College in Cambridge, Mass., in 1935. culture, particularly when you recog­ Though Flag Day is not recognized She came to Kansas City 14 years ago, nize that approximately 35 percent of as a legal holiday in States other than and in that short time she accom­ U.S. food production is a result of fer­ Pennsylvania, the President proclaims plished a lifetime of good, including tilizer usage. a public Flag Day observance each contributing to improved understand­ I, specifically, wish to recognize the year. Increasingly, more Americans ing between the citizenry in the Fertilizer Institute due to my valuable every year actively participate in United States and the People's Repub­ longstanding relationship with both paying homage to this revered symbol lic of China. the Louisiana fertilizer industry and of a freedom-loving people. By her pervasive involvement in the the institute. During the Revolution, Navy Com­ community, Mrs. Dimond became a Louisiana is the leading State in the mander John Paul Jones wrote: leader for the best fundamental production of nitrogen fertilizer. The Flag and I are twins . . . so long as we causes. She carried out those beliefs in Today, Louisiana has 16 modern nitro­ can float, we shall float together. If we must her work as president of the Edgar gen fertilizer plants representing 30 sink, we shall go down as one. Snow Memorial Fund Inc. at the Uni­ percent of the U.S. total capacity. A This attitude is still shared by Amer­ versity of Missouri-Kansas City and as majority of Louisiana's fertilizer icans throughout our Nation. The love vice president of the Truman Medical plants are located in my district and I we have for our institutions, our de­ Center Foundation. am proud to recognize and congratu­ Last month Mrs. Dimond was re­ mocracy and our way of life is eternal sponsible for bringing to Kansas City late the industry association repre­ in time and powerful in its existence. a distinguished delegation of Chinese senting a vital U.S. industry and an Nowhere is patriotism more heartfelt and Americans to honor Edgar Snow, important Louisiana industry. by every citizen as it is in America. the man who wrote the history of the The Fertilizer Institute has been an For this reason, we celebrate today Chinese revolution for the West and effective force in Washington in serv­ our pride in our "Stars and Stripes," a who helped lay the foundation for the ing the needs of not only the fertilizer banner respected and admired world­ historic Nixon-Mao Tse-tung meeting. industry, but the farmers as well. wide.e Two Chinese ambassadors and other I am proud to have this opportunity statesmen from that era attended the to congratulate the Fertilizer Institute ceremony, including Leonard Wood- on its lOOth anniversary.e June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15755 MEET THE PRESS Her words reflect my feelings and con­ ment to teach them and train them to live victions regarding this matter of great in the world that we have created. We can HON. ALBERT GORE, JR. import. - start by using Federal money for schools DEMOCRATIC RESPONSE TO THE PRESIDENT and colleges. OF TENNESSEE Closing the window of vulnerability in our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES defense system will mean nothing unless we Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Just about a year ago I was visiting a open the door of opportunity for our chil­ school in my district where most of the stu- dren and our children's children.e • Mr. GORE. Mr. Speaker, as a believ­ dents came from a local housing project. er in the kind of informative program­ One of the kids asked, "Congresswoman Mi­ kulski, what is the difference between ing that shows like NBC's "Meet the CONGRESSIONAL ART Press" has brought for many years Democrats and Republicans?" into our homes, it is an honor for me I replied, "the difference is that Republi­ COMPETITION WINNERS cans want to spend money for bombs, the today to share with my colleagues the Democrats want to spend money for books." news that the founder of "Meet the That difference came to light this week. HON. FRANK HARRISON will Press," Lawrence E. Spivak, be The Republican Senate approved $625 mil­ OF PENNSYLVANIA presented a special award for his serv­ lion for research and development of the ice to the television industry. MX missile. Th.at whole system will cost $18 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES For 28 years, until his retirement in billion. Tuesday, June 14, 1983 1975, Mr. Spivak served as originator The President says we need that money to and moderator of this program, the build weapons to make the Soviets think e Mr. HARRISON. Mr. Speaker, I world's longest running television twice before they attack. would like to take this occasion to series. During his years as the show's But there is another enemy threatening make note of the winners of the Con­ this country. That enemy is illiteracy. We gressional Art Competition in the 11th permanent panelist, Mr. Spivak earned need money to educate our people. a reputation for his straight!orward Recently the National Commission on Ex­ District of Pennsylvania, and con­ style of interviewing. All his guests, cellence in Education said that American gratulate these fine students for their from Presidents to world leaders from education is sliding into mediocrity. participation in this project, which all walks of life, had to face his chal­ Think of what we could do if we used $18 stresses the importance of the arts in lenging questions. billion to attain excellence in education. our schools. Later today, in a quiet gathering of Think for a moment ai.iout these figures Janice Bartley of Wilkes-Barre, a friends, Mr. Spivak will be presented from the children's defense fund. For the cost of the whole MX program we could student at Coughlin High School, won the coveted Christoper Award. The eliminate poverty for all children in the first place with an untitled painting. same award was given to "Meet the United States twice over and meet the spe­ Monica Matushoneck of West Hazle­ Press" in recognition of its 35 years on cial needs of handicapped children. ton, a student of West Hazleton High television last November. Today the As a nation, we must invest our money School, won second place with a paint­ award will be turned over to Mr. carefully. We must put our money where it ing entitled "Pride in Industries." Spivak by the staff of "Meet the will give the greatest return. Press" in recognition of his dedicated Democrats believe that the benefits of an Charles Eckhart of Sweet Valley, a service for 28 years of the show's exist­ education accrue to society as well as to the student at Northwest Area High ence. individual. It is the responsibility of govern­ School, won third place with a paint­ I thank you, Mr. Speaker, for the op­ ment to provide opportunities to every citi­ ing "Pride Down Under." zen for a sound and adequate education. I would also like to take note, Mr. portunity to recognize Mr. Spivak for So often we have heard the Republicans his innovative contributions to net­ talk about the threat of tyranny. Their so­ Speaker, of the other participants in work news programing and I know lution is to build more missiles. The Demo­ this contest: Maryann Dombroski, that I share the respect of my col­ cratic solution is to build more libraries. Bishop Hoban High School; Denise leagues for this great man.e If we have to choose between rockets and Boyer, West Hazleton Area High rulers, let us make the best choice. Let us School; Jim Stone, Bishop Hafey High teach basic values and old-fashioned skills. School; Michael Voystock, Freeland DEMOCRATIC RESPONSE TO A Democracy cannot survive without a lit­ THE PRESIDENT erate population. Our greatest defense High School; Tabatha Miller, Freeland against communism is a people that can High School; Cherie Leco, Coughlin HON. CARDISS COWNS read, and write, and make decisions for High School; Michael Timek, Bishop themselves. Hoban High School; Jo Beth Tomco,· OF ILLINOIS Our greatest defense is a population that Bishop Hafey High School; Gregory IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can go beyond their own personal experi­ Matenkoski, Bishop Hafey High Tuesday, June 14, 198 3 ence for ideas. As long as an individual can read and have access to facts, there is no School; Susan Sadowski, Bishop • Mrs. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, recent­ way to control his or her mind. Hoban High School; Karen Whitesell, ly one of my colleagues, Representa­ We have heard the President say that the Northwest Area High School; Mark tive BARBARA MIKULSKI, wrote a criti­ best social program is a job. I agree with Bradigan, Pittston Area High School; cal and poignant response to the Presi­ that. It is time we used our money to create and Nancy Norkaitis, Wyoming Valley dent's plan for appropriating $625 mil­ those jobs. Our people need education, training, and West High School. lion to defense. The theme was to All of these young men and women build minds instead of missiles and I re-training to find jobs in a high-tech small business. Without a trained work force, this demonstrate an enthusiasm, ability, could not agree with this thesis more. Nation cannot compete in the world. We and a great deal of talent in their While I strongly advocate the need will fall behind as a world leader. for an adequate defense, I can h&t'dly works highlighting northeastern Finally, we need education to keep our Pennsylvania. condone the blatant actions taken by American dream alive. This is the first gen­ the Reagan administration in misap­ eration that cannot look forward to a Their efforts demonstrate again the propriating moneys that should be higher standard of living than their moth­ greatness of today's youth and their used elsewhere. The report made by ers and fathers had. pride in their home region and our the National Commission on Excel­ This is the first generation that is not as Nation as well.e lence in Education emphasizes the well educated as their mothers and fathers. This is the first generation to face the reali­ need for a greater monetary commit­ ty of a shrinking rather than an expanding ment in order for our Nation to excel economy. in academics once again. · What can we do for this generation? They I submit the following response do not need more missiles. We must give made by Congresswoman MIKULSKI. them an education. It is the job of govern- 15756 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 CONTRACTING-OUT BY DOD TORY VICTORY Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and designates June 14 as Baltic Freedom HON. ANDY IRELAND HON. JAMES G. MARTIN Day. This date retains an important OF NORTH CAROLINA and tragic significance for the Baltic OF FLORIDA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States as well as for the rest of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, June 14, 198 3 world. On this day in 1941 the Soviet Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Union initiated a brutal occupation e Mr. MARTIN of North Carolina. and a program of "Russification" in e Mr. IRELAND. Mr. Speak.er, it is Mr. Speak.er, Britain's Conservative the Baltic area. These actions were in that time of year again when we con­ Party, under the indomitable leader­ direct violation of treaty obligations sider the Department of Defense au­ ship of Margaret Thatcher, last made only 20 years earlier, in which thorization bill. Again, this year we Thursday scored a signal political tri­ the Soviets had "voluntarily and for­ apparently must withstand efforts to umph. The feat of winning a landslide mandate after 4 years in office wres­ ever" relinquished all claims to sover­ limit contracting-out by DOD. I need eignty over the Baltic States. not repeat the arguments which clear­ tling with seemingly intractable prob­ lems of economic decline makes this This illegal invasion and subsequent ly show that contracting-out is in the occupation are truly representative of public's interest, is in small business' one of the most noteworthy political victories of the century. the type of oppression and colonial ex­ interest, and is in the interest of gen­ pansion that the United States has eral Government efficiency and econo­ What is most significant for Ameri­ cans is that Mrs. Thatcher has demon­ fought since 1775, when its war for in­ my. It has come to my attention that strated that resolute, far-sighted lead­ dependence from British oppression someone in this body will introduce an ership is, after all, good politics. The was begun. Even as a participant in amendment to prohibit contracting­ moderate, consensus-oriented wing of the Helsinki Accords and the United out of firefighting and base security the Tory Party, the "wets," who 2 Nations, which accord the highest im­ functions at military installations. years ago were urging a U-turn away portance to the principle of self-deter­ Such an amendment is purely and from stringent fiscal and monetary mination, the Soviet Union continues simply bad government. There is no policy, stand discredited. Margaret to exploit this region. Besides relocat­ record to support such a ban and I Thatcher has shown that principle ing, imprisoning, and killing hundreds intend to speak against any such politics is better than consensus poli­ of thousands of people, the Soviet amendment. At this time, I would like tics. Union has also attempted to eliminate to share with my colleagues a letter on She made the British people realize the national cultures of these coun­ this subject sent out by the National that inflation, unemployment, and tries in order to insure its permanent Maritime Union in opposition to such economic stagnation are not problems domination of the area. In the process, an amendment. that can be cured overnight or within the most basic civil liberties have been THE VOICE OF MARITIME LABOR, the artificial span of an election cycle, suspended and a reign of terror estab­ Washington, D.C., June 10, 1983. as most politicians promise. The most lished. Hon. VIc FAZIO, compassionate leader is the one who U.S. House of Representatives, Longworth asks the people to face up to the pain­ Soviet actions in this area are a House Office Building, Washington, ful, long-term nature of the cure, the question of human rights-a question D.C. only cure that will bring the unem­ of freedom of action versus totalitari­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN FAZIO: The officers ployed and the poor, real, lasting jobs anism. These once independent na­ and members of the National Maritime and steadily rising living standards. tions are now subject to the control of Union of America, AFL-CIO, have asked an outside force and while the proud that I relay to you their concern with your The leaders of the Labour Party and bill H.R. 2324, which would prohibit con­ those on the other side of the aisle in and courageous citizens of these na­ tracting out of firefighting and base securi­ this Chamber, who can offer nothing tions continue to resist the attacks ty functions at Inilitary installations. This more than short-term palliatives and made on their cultural heritage, it has bill would impact unfairly upon a number of nostrums that in the long run impede been a long and difficult struggle, one NMU members. recovery and stifle economic growth, which deserves the continued support Currently, the Industrial Technical and are not the friends of the downtrod­ of the United States. Professional Employees division of the den, but their exploiters. Today, it seems that many Ameri­ · NMU represents hundreds of private sector The British Prime Minister stood up, cans are unfortunately unaware of the security guards at various Inilitary bases cast aside the easy politics of compro­ throughout the United States. Additionally, plight of these proud Baltic peoples. the ITPE-NMU represents thousands of Inise and compassion, told the truth By designating this 14th day of June other workers in the service contract field. bluntly, and has been rewarded with as Baltic Freedom Day and encourag­ The NMU has always supported the con­ the trust and confidence of her elec­ ing appropriate ceremonies and activi­ tracting out of government support services tors. That is a lesson for every leader ties, more people can be made aware to the private sector where the work being of a free people.e of the great injustice of this situation. done can be performed most effectively and In addition, Baltic Freedom Day can efficiently by non-government employees. More importantly. contracting out will not STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN serve as a reminder that at this time, take jobs away from active government em­ BERKLEY BEDELL both in Poland and Afghanistan, com­ ployees. munism is being challenged and its op­ Contracting out is fully consistent with HON. BERKLEY BEDELL pression resisted. U.S. economic objectives of supplying more OF IOWA This 14th day of June will be a re­ jobs in the private sector and promoting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES membrance of the past, a reflection of free and competitive trade. Any prohibition the present, and a guidepost to the Tuesday, June 14, 1983 of these actions can only serve to restrict future. As former President Harry S. competition and impede the productive op­ e Mr. BEDELL. Mr. Speaker, as a co­ eration of government. Truman said, "In the long run our se­ sponsor of House Joint Resolution 201, curity and the world's hopes for peace We respectfuly urge that you reassess I rise in favor of its passage and urge your position on contracting out until the lie not in measures of defense or in the impact of the moratorium can be deter­ my colleagues to join us in support of control of weapons, but in the growth mined. this effort. and expansion of freedom and self­ Respectfully, .As you know, House Joint Resolu­ government."e TALKAGE E. SlllPKINS, tion 201 calls attention to the 42d an­ Executive Director.• niversary of the Soviet occupation of June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15757 H.R. 2713, PUBLIC HEALTH In other words, buyers of products stock, Dairy, and Poultry this EMERGENCIES in the ordinary course of business are summer.e under no obligation to search for liens. However, because of the exception HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK IN PRAISE OF OLD GLORY OF CALIFORNIA " ... other than a person ... in farm­ ing operations . . ." in section 9-307, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. TOM LEWIS Tuesday, June 14, 1983 buyers of farm products must search for liens and are liable to repay the OF FLORIDA e Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, it is sad, loan if a lien exists. This section of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but true, that a public health emer­ Code, therefore, treats agricultural gency fund is needed in our public producers differently than any other Tuesday, June 14, 1983 health service system. The last few businessman and means that the pur­ e Mr. LEWIS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, years have been tragic public health chasers of a farmer's grain or livestock like most Americans, I get a sense of emergencies-the Tylenol problem, re­ is liable to pay for commodities twice inner strength every time I hear the calls on foods and now acquired when the producer fails to repay the "Star-Spangled Banner" or "America immune deficiency syndrome honors. Others from Michigan are The way the whistleblower protec­ Elizabeth Holm of Kalamazoo, Hein American business plans to spend 3.1 per­ tion provisions of the Civil Service cent less on new plants and equipment in Kim of West Bloomfield, and Eric Reform Act have been implemented 1983 than last year, but began a turnaround Voetberg of Troy. runs counter to the intent of Congress. during the second quarter of this year, the I would like to take this opportunity We voted to provide strong protection Commerce Department reported yesterday. to extend my most sincere congratula­ to employees who disclosed waste and The second-quarter report by the depart­ tions to the Presidential scholars of abuse to encourage them to do so. One ment provided a slightly brighter economic 1983, and express best regards and of the best ways to eliminate wrongdo­ picture for this year than was painted at the good wishes for their continued suc­ ing in the Federal Government is to end of the first quarter, when projections cess.e were for a 3.8 percent decline in capital reveal it publicly. This not only forces spending over the year. agency managers to correct disclosed Despite an expected end-of-the-year build­ STATEMENT OF REPRESENTA­ deficiencies, but it also forces them to up, the United States faces an unprecedent­ TIVE PAT SCHROEDER run much cleaner shops in the first ed two consecutive years of decline in spend­ place. We in Congress have been em­ ing by nonfarm businesses, following last barrassed again and again when agen­ year's 5.5 percent drop. HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER cies, which we establish, run afoul of Investment by business is a key indicator OF COLORADO our intent. Whistleblowers can help of how quickly the economy is rebounding IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES prevent that from occuring. from the recession with rising spending sug­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 gesting expansion that would ease unem­ The Supreme Court's decision makes ployment, now over 10 percent. e Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, it less likely that whistleblowers will Business spending during the first quarter yesterday the Supreme Court reduced come forward. It makes it less likely of 1983 declined 1.9 percent, but the depart­ the rights of Federal whistleblowers. that they will reveal what they know ment projected a 2.6 percent increase from The decision discarded well-settled law about fraud and abuse in the Federal April through June in data adjusted for the and created bad public policy. Government. And, the decision makes rate of inflation. it less likley that this malfeasance will That trend is expected to continue in the The case involved a NASA engineer third quarter, with a 1.7 percent increase, named Bill Bush. Bush publicly re­ be corrected. The taxpayers will pay a and a 4.5 percent jump in the fourth quar­ vealed that NASA was paying employ­ high price for yesterday's decision.• ter, the department predicted. ees, himself included, too much for In current dollars, not adjusted for infla­ the work they had to do. As a reprisal, tion, the report said businesses plan to NASA management downgraded Bush. BROOKLYN-BORN DAVID BRODY spend $305.5 billion for new plant and He fought the case in the Civil Service HONORED BY N.Y. TIMES AS equipment during the year, compared with Commission, won, received back pay "UNELECTED MEMBER" OF $316.4 billion a year ago. THE Spending for capital goods, adjw:.ted for and reinstatement to his old grade. inflation, will decline by 0.4 percent during This placed Bush in his old position the year, compared with a 4.1 percent in­ but neither reimbursed him for the HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ crease in 1982, the department said. wrongful breach of his constitutional The overall 3.1 percent decline in spend­ right of free speech nor sanctioned his OF NEW YORK ing during the year reflects a decrease of 4.3 supervisor for committing the consti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES percent in manufacturing, the same as fore­ tutional tort. So Bush sued his super­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 cast at the end of the first quarter, includ­ visor under the Bivens line of cases ing a 6.5 percent drop in durable goods and holding that an individual can recover •Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, the New 2 percent decrease in nondurables. for a constitutional tort. York Times has officially declassified There is only a 2.3 percent decline in non­ one of the least kept secrets in Wash­ manufacturing spending, however, com­ The Supreme Court ruled that, be­ pared with a 3.6 percent dropoff projected cause there is an elaborate administra­ ington: David Brody, the Washington in March.• tive scheme to protect Federal whis­ representative of B'nai B'rith's Anti­ tleblowers, no Bivens action was avail­ Defamation League, is so respected, so able for Federal workers. As Mark powerful as a lobbying voice, that he is 1983 PRESIDENTIAL SCHOLARS Lynch of the American Civil Liberties considered an "Unelected Member" of HONORED FOR EXCELLENCE Union says, this decision puts enor­ the Senate. mous faith in the civil service system. The simple fact is that we in the HON. CARL D. PURSELL As chairwoman of the Civil Service House of Representatives recognize OF MICHIGAN Subcommittee, I can report that this him as a colleague as well. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES faith is not justified. In an article in the National Journal The Office of Special Counsel, cre­ on May 13, 1978, David's record and Tuesday, June 14, 1983 ated by the Civil Service Reform Act the esteem in which he is held was de­ e Mr. PURSELL. Mr. Speaker, it is of 1978, has done a terrible job in pro­ scribed in the following paragraph: with great pride that I bring to the at­ tection of Federal whistleblowers and "Brody is a classic mover and shaker," tention of the House of Representa­ in investigating their complaints. Last said one House aide who knows him well. tives and the people of this Nation, year, I became so fed up with this "He's a fixer, trading favors, you name it." recognition of the 1983 Presidential office that I introduced legislation to He is known by most Members of the scholars. abolish it. I withdrew this legislation Senate and many in the House, and when This year 141 students have been se­ after K. William O'Connor was ap­ he makes his rounds on Capitol Hill, it ap­ pears to some observers that the Members lected for this honor through the De­ pointed Special Counsel in order to of Congress seek him out, not vice versa. He partment of Education. Each of the give O'Connor an opportunity to prove lobbied aggressively for such issues as civil scholars has demonstrated leadership, himself. Although the jury is still out service reform, civil rights, anti-boycott leg­ scholarship, contribution to school on O'Connor, the evidence so far is islation, the Jackson-Vanik amendment and and community, and outstanding ac- mixed. sizable arms sales packages for . June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15759 Although David Brody has estab­ STRATEGY ON AID TO ISRAEL Paul Fordem has made a difference in lished a successful legal practice in "Dave Brody can get in and out of more every position he has held. Presently a Washington, specializing in matters senators' offices quicker than any person I member of the board of supervisors, such as administrative law, trademark have ever met in my life," said former Vice and a former mayor of the city of La and patent appeals, I would like to President Walter F. Mondale. Mr. Brody's present concerns include the Mesa, Paul has had a guiding hand in remind my colleagues that David was foreign aid authorization bill, which con­ making this county a better place to born in Brooklyn, and he received his tains an increase in aid to Israel, and legisla­ live. education at C.C.N.Y., where he was tion that would put teeth into a fair hous­ Since becoming a member of the San awarded a B.S.S. degree, and at Co­ ing bill. On aid to Israel, Mr. Brody tells Diego Board of Supervisors, Paul has lumbia University Law School for senators, "You can't win over the Arabs by had more budget amendments adopted which he served as legislation editor as weakening Israel. If Israel receives the aid it than any other supervisor in both 1981 a member of the Law Review. His Gov­ needs, it's in a better position to compro­ mise; a weakened Israel cannot." On the fair and 1982. True to Paul's fiscal conserv­ ernment service record includes work housing bill he tells them, "Without effec­ atism, these amendments produced a as an attorney in the Agriculture De­ tive enforcement, the bill doesn't mean very net reduction of $10 million dollars. partment's Office of the Solicitor and much." We can also thank Paul for the in­ as a legal assistance officer during Mr. Brody is a full-service lobbyist. He in­ stallation of an electronic flood warn­ World War II in the U.S. Navy. He troduces senators to constituents, fund-rais­ ing system in 1982 that covers flood­ joined the Anti-Defamation League in ers, reporters and "people I think they prone creeks and dams throughout the 1949, and he was promoted to chief should meet." He gives personal advice. He county with automatic radio reports of suggest positions on a wide range of sub­ Washington representative in 1965. jects, including those in which his organiza­ rainfall, waterflow, and reservoir During the course of my five terms tion is disinterested. depths. in Congress, I have relied on David "I don't come around only when I need His pay-as-you-stay plan was adopt­ Brody, probably more than any other something," Mr. Brody said. "I come around ed to force convicted lawbreakers to friend and counselor in Washington, to chat on a general exchange of views. I pay for taxpayer costs of jailing and for his experience, for his wisdom, for don't have a heavy-handed, demanding paroling them. his trust and advice. Around the style." Other accomplishments include House Foreign Affairs Committee, like OF FRIENDS AND AWACS opening Stelzer Park in the communi­ E. F. Hutton, when David Brody talks, "He's given me valuable advice," said Sen­ ty of Lakeside with $157 ,000 obtained people listen. ator Howell Heflin, an Alabama Democrat. from room tax and sale of surplus "He has a broad range of interests." I am delighted that the New York Mr. Brody doesn't seem to care if a sena­ land. This park, a wonderful recrea­ Times has accorded him the kind of tor is a Democrat or Republican, liberal or tion spot for all, is especially designed credit and recognition he deserves. For conservative. Some of his closest friends in for the handicapped and their families the benefit of my colleagues, I ask the Senate voted for the sale of Awacs to with wheelchair trails and braille­ that the Times article about this re­ the Saudis, which Mr. Brody lobbied hard, marked paths. markable man be printed below. and unsuccessfully, to defeat. "Somebody Perhaps most important about can be against you on one issue, and with CFrom the New York Times, May 26, 19831 Paul's years in government is the way you on the next," he said. he listens to his constituents. He co­ AN "UNELECTED MEMBER" OF THE SENATE His manner can be direct. When Senator , the Texas Democrat, told sponsored a no strike charter amend­ (By Martin Tolchin) him that Israel needed another Golda Meir, ment following an 8-day strike of sher­ WASHINGTON.-"Senators Only" said the Mr. Brody replied, "Senator, if you have the iff's deputies which left several cities sign in front of the Capitol subway, but power to resurrect Golda Meir, that's fine without police protection. This propo­ David Brody was waved aboard by Senator with me, but Golda Meir also had problems sition was approved by 64 percent of Charles E. Grassley, Republican of Iowa, with our government." · the voters in November of 1981. whom he thanked for signing a resolution Mr. Brody does considerable entertaining Paul has done all of this and more opposing the sale of advanced weaponry to at home, often bringing senators together Jordan. with the Israeli Ambassador. Rolf Pauls, and still had the lowest budget of any "Senators Only" said the sign above the former German Ambassador to Washington, supervisor in 1982 and will again in elevators in the Capitol, but Mr. Brody was once quipped that he had seen more sena­ the current fiscal year. escorted onto the car by Senator Jesse tors at Mr. Brody's home than on the Sen­ Paul Fordem is married to his high Helms, Republican of North Carolina, ate floor. school sweetheart, Pat Jacobsen whom he congratulated on North Carolina Mr. Br0dy, a native New Yorker who is a Fordem, and they have two children. State's N.C.A.A. basketball championship. graduate of City College and Columbia Law I am looking forward to many more "Dave Brody is the unelected member of School, came to Washington in 1940 to work years of accomplishment from Paul's the U.S. Senate," said Senator Charles McC. for the Department of Agriculture, and Mathias Jr., Republican of Maryland, who joined the league in 1949. He was promoted thoughtful and effective style of gov­ is an old friend. to chief Washington representative in 1965. erning. And I am proud to have him in Mr. Brody, who will be 67 years old next His style has evolved over the decades. the 41st Congressional District, which month, is a short, kinetic institution who "Maybe I am a loner," he said. I represent in Congress.e seems to know just about everyone in Gov­ "I have my own style. You have to be able ernment. He is the Washington representa­ to relate to people, even when you find tive of B'nai B'rith's Anti-Defamation yourself in disagreement. You have to deal A BILL TO NAME THE FEDERAL League, and, like those of many other lobby­ with members as individuals, and know BUILDING IN FORT MYERS, ists, his office walls are lined with signed what their concerns are. I'd have a very FLA., AFTER GEORGE W. photographs of Presidents and other White narrow range of friends in we had to agree WHITEHURST House notables. "What would we do without on every isspe.''e friends?" wrote Vice President Bush, and James A. Baker 3d, the White House chief HON. CONNIE MACK of staff, called Mr. Brody "oftentimes a OUTSTANDING CITIZEN OF FLORIDA strong ally, occasionally a worthy adversary, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but always a friend." HON. BILL LOWERY Tuesday, June 14, 1983 It is the Senate, however, where Mr. OF CALIFORNIA Brody presses his campaigns, which focus e Mr. MACK. Mr. Speaker, today I on aid to Israel and support of civil rights IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES am introducing a bill to name the Fed­ legislation. Some other lobbyists for Jewish Tuesday, June 14, 1983 eral building in Fort Myers, Fla., after organizations consider him a loner because of his failure to coordinate his activities e Mr. LOWERY of California. Mr. the late Judge George W. Whitehurst. with them, and some Capitol Hill people Speaker, People like Paul Fordem Judge Whitehurst was a deeply re­ regard him as overly persistent. But most make government work. An outstand­ spected jurist whose career on the consider him effective. ing citizen and revered public official, bench was a sterling example of integ- 15760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 rity and professionalism. Born in Wau­ pause to pay tribute to those who have The blame squarely lies with an chula, Fla. in 1891, he became an at­ contributed so much to the greatness overzealous administration who would torney in 1915 and was elected county and wealth of our Nation.e terminate disability payments to de­ judge of De Soto County almost imme­ serving individuals in the name of cut­ diately, for the term commencing on ting costs. The ongoing cries and criti­ January 1, 1917. In 1919 his perform­ REVAMPING SOCIAL SECURITY cism from the Congress, from medical ance as county judge earned him ap­ DISABILITY ROLLS and mental health professional pointment by the Governor to be the groups, and from the beneficiaries first circuit judge of the 12th circuit, HON. HAROLD E. FORD themselves, should have spurred the of which Lee County, Fla., was then a OF TENNESSEE administration to make changes to the part. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES system long before now. Certainly, the Judge Whitehurst became a resident Tuesday, June 14, 198 3 reviews mandated by Congress did not of Fort Myers shortly thereafter, in give the administration a license to 1923, and was a resident and pillar of • Mr. FORD of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ engage in inhumane and unfair treat­ the community of Fort Myers from er, the Reagan administration has an­ ment of physically and mentally dis­ that time until his death over half a nounced plans to revamp its inhumane abled individuals. century later in 1974. practice of throwing people off the The administration's decision to President Harry Truman appointed social security disability rolls. Health make some long overdue changes in its Judge Whitehurst to a Federal judge­ and Human Services Secretary Heck­ disability review procedures is indeed a ship in 1950. In 1959, he became chief ler, in announcing the reforms, stated step in the right direction. However, judge of the southern district of Flori­ that "the system has produced some further study should be made to deter­ da and served in that position with dis­ sad results in tenns of trauma on indi­ mine if additional changes are needed tinction until his 70th birthday in vidual lives." to assure a fair, equitable, and humane 1961. I have always been very critical of review system for disabled social secu­ Upon his retirement, Judge White­ the manner in which the Department rity beneficiaries.e hurst had served as a judge of either has conducted its disability investiga­ the State or Federal courts for a tions and the criteria the Department period of 54 years, which is considered has directed the States to use in deter­ THE SURPLUS DAIRY PRODUCTS one of the longest judicial careers in mining whether individuals are dis­ EXCHANGE ACT the State of Florida, if not the Nation. abled. I most recently voiced my dis­ It is for this half-century of exem­ pleasure in February of this year HON. COOPER EV ANS plary service to the ideals of justice when I wrote to then Secretary OF IOWA and integrity that I ask this Congress Schweiker concerning this issue. I was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES incensed over reports that the Depart­ to honor Judge Whitehurst by naming Tuesday, June 14, 1983 the Federal building in his hometown ment had set quotas on how many of Fort Myers after him, to serve as a social security disability cases adminis­ • Mr. EVANS of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, constant reminder to those who utilize trative law judges must hear and how the Surplus Dairy Products Exchange that building of the principles to many must be decided in the Govern­ Act, which I am introducing on behalf which he devoted his life.e ment's interest. I asked Mr. of myself and 13 cosponsors, addresses SCHWEIKER to report and explain any two problems facing our Nation. First, such directives. In response, the Com­ the Commodity Credit Corporation CELEBRATION OF NATIONAL missioner of social security assured me . Furthermore, the We at MSHA certainly do not intend to. We Soviets occupied Lithuania in 1944 they in­ rate for all injuries during that time intend to continue to find new answers to creased their terror. Genocide was increased shows a 20-percent decrease, the old mine health and safety problems. tenfold. The Soviet regime executed mass MSHA figures show. Mr. Ford repeatedly has said he deportations tenfold. The so-called "opera­ Ten died in the mines during the wants his Administration to be judged tive list of operational liquidations" on the on the results produced by this flexi­ average claimed 2-3,000 Lithuanian victims first quarter of 1983; 43 died during each month between 1944and1951. the matching period of 1982. The rate bility. The Soviets methodically implements 0.02 deaths per 200,000 work hours So, as the economy recovers, as more mass deportations in July-September 1945, compared to 0.08. As for the all-injury return to work and the pressures rise February 18, 1946, July-December 1947, rate, it was 6.82 compared to 8.69. under greater production, events will June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15763 establish whether Mr. Ford has a Without Job Corps, Mr. Speaker, the In the Lehigh Valley of Pennsylva­ trend. tens of thousands of young people nia, the area I am proud to represent I would hope that Mr. Ford, as an that are helped each year-that actu­ in Congress, the streets of Allentown, official who is concerned about miner ally help themselves-would be justi­ Bethlehem, Easton, in the towns, bor­ safety, will monitor his statistics close­ fied in giving up hope on their futures. oughs and crossroad villages, the flag ly and continuously; and, if his trend With Job Corps, they have not given waves forever free. Like the rest of shows signs of turning, that he will up, we cannot give up on them America, this area will be a colorbust display sufficient flexibility to quickly either.e of red, white and blue. change his policies of enforcement in a Unfortunately, Flag Day has not re­ way that will be equally effective ceived the attention it deserves and under the greater pressure of higher COMMEMORATING FLAG DAY 1983 has in recent years become another production. day to most Americans. It is vitally im­ Results do make the ultimate judg­ portant, therefore, that our schools ment; and the lives of miners are too HON. DON RIITER continue to instill in our Nation's important to cling to an untried OF PENNSYLVANIA youth that patriotism which has made system 1 minute past the point that it IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our Nation great and it is equally im­ begins to show signs of failure under Tuesday, June 14, 1983 portant the Congress remembers to pressure. honor Flag Day every year. If we do The Subcommittee on Health and e Mr. RITTER. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to join with many other patriot­ this, then no power on Earth can ever Safety will await subsequent reports stop our flag from waving free and with interest.e ic Americans today in our Nation's ob­ servance of Flag Day. This is the day proud.e which has been traditionally set aside FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE to observe the symbol of our freedom SACRAMENTO JOB CORPS and strength, the American flag. BALTIC FREEDOM DAY CENTER JUNE 14, 1983 We are a Nation of many peoples whose heritages span the globe and HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON whose beliefs and religious followings HON. VIC FAZIO OF CALIFORNIA OF CALIFORNIA are many. However, few symbols have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES come to mean more to one people than the red and white stripes and the five­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Tuesday,June14,1983 pointed stars on a field of blue. It is • Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, it is an the symbol which inspired Francis e Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, on honor for me to rise today to com­ Scott Key to write the National An­ this, the 43d anniversary of the Soviet mend the outstanding accomplish­ theum, which rallied our troops up occupation of the Baltic States of Es­ ments of the Sacramento Jobs Corps San Juan Hill, whose presence told the tonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, I rise Center as the center celebrates its marines on Iwo Jima that victory was once again to call attention to the con­ fifth anniversary of service to the Sac­ theirs and it is a lasting piece of Amer­ tinued repression and hardships to ramento community. ica on the lunar landscape. In good which the Baltic people have been Each year, the Sacramento center times, the Amerian flag flying in the subjected. has improved its record of service to breeze or passing in a parade has sent In June 1940, the Soviets moved the community and the young people a feeling of pride racing through our ruthlessly into the Baltic States, insti­ who participate in the program. More veins. In bad times, it has been a tuting mass arrests, executions, and than 900 students were served by the symbol of unity. deportations of the Baltic people away center last year, and of that number The flag, like the Declaration of In­ from their homeland in an attempt to 80 percent completed one of the cen­ dependence and Constutition, has gain domination of the region. In one ter's many training programs. In addi­ come to represent the symbol of a free evening alone, on June 14, 1941, over tion, the Sacramento center continues and proud people, a people whose 100,000 Estonians, Latvians, and Lith­ to outpace the average wage and job course has been to create a benevolent uanians were forcibly deported from placement rates of other centers na­ government at home and a caring their homes in cattle cars to Siberian tionwide, and last year set a new hand to those in need throughout the concentration camps. record: The center graduated more world. Individually and as a nation, we Mr. Speaker, this forced occupation students with GED's-high school can be proud of the flag and what it and repression continues to this very equivalency diplomas-than any other stands for. day. Since Yuriy Andropov's rise to center in the Nation. There was a time in the not too dis­ power, the level of persecutions and Mr. Speaker, I think you would tant past that our flag was an object mass searches has actually increased. agree that these are significant to be mocked and trampled upon. The KGB began a new series of wide­ achievements, particularly considering Those were dark days in our Nation's spread arrests and searches in January the economic recession, the declining history, days when reality bordered on in Latvia and in March in Estonia. Federal commitment to job training chaos, when it seemed that patriotism, These cruel and unjust raids are con­ programs in general, and the near justice, and our most venerated ideals tinuing to this day. record levels of unemployment we were held on high to reevaluated and In spite of this, the people of Esto­ have been experiencing nationwide. scorned. Thankfully like a summer nia, Latvia, and Lithuania have contin­ The bottom line is that Job Corps is tempest, they have passed. From ued to stand strong against Soviet one program that returns much more within a great people rode this storm domination and repression. As a free­ to the kids and the communities than of dissent. It is a measure of our great­ dom-loving country, we have contin­ it costs. A recent study shows that 92 ness to know that we will never permit ued to express our solidarity with percent of these young people go on to a loud, angry and chaotic minority to their efforts to regain their independ­ continue their education, continue divert the direction of our country, ence and freedom. I can only hope their training or be placed in jobs, that our goodness and understanding that our efforts in support of the most of them in the private sector, will overcome our restlessness and Baltic people will strengthen them in while another study shows that Jobs shortsightedness. It is a comfort to see their resolve to resist Soviet domina­ Corps returns more than $2 to the our flag again restored to the symbol tion and to continue to maintain and community for every dollar that the it always has been, one of pride and af­ to strengthen their own unique cul­ program costs. fection. tures.• 15764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 111, 1983 PIONEER 10 Voyagers I and II which are dispersed cycle on the Sun. These two phenom­ on either side of Pioneer ll's escape ena determine the shape and size of HON.HAROLDL. VOLKMER trajectory. At present these four the heliosphere with the latter phe­ OF MISSOURI spacecraft are mankind's only probes nomenon giving rise to the theory that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES beyond Jupiter; furthermore, there is the heliosphere breathes, and, there­ no prospect of getting any other fore, that the distance of the helio­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 spacecraft to such enormous distances pause from the Sun changes. e Mr. VOLKMER. Mr. Speaker, I from the Sun before about the year The experiments aboard Pioneer 10 want to point out that a momentous 2010. If crossing the heliopause deter­ and 11 continue to monitor the solar occasion in the history of space explo­ mines entrance into interstellar space, wind at ever increasing distance from ration occurred yesterday. Voyager I should be the first to suc­ the Sun. So far Pioneer 10 has reached Pioneer 10 is being heralded as the ceed since its greater speed will make 30 AU, and data give no indication of a first man-made object to escape the up for Pioneer lO's head start and nearby heliospheric boundary. The in­ solar system and enter interstellar since Pioneer 10, heading down the struments on board will detect the ter­ space. On June 13, the spacecraft solar tail, must travel the longer path. mination of the heliosphere if the crossed the orbit of Neptune, and, at A stellar wind is the mode of transi­ spacecraft crosses the outer boundary that point, was farther out from the tion between most kinds of stars-in­ during the life of the mission; this is Sun than any of the known nine plan­ cluding the Sun-and the interstellar not expected to occur. In the mean­ ets. Pluto, with its highly elliptical medium. It is thought that the solar time, the instruments continue to map orbit, will be for the next 17 years wind will eventually be terminated out the morphology of the outer solar inside the orbit of Neptune. when it has beome so tenuous that its wind and to monitor disturbances in However, does this great distance- internal pressure no longer exceeds this region. 2.8 billion miles from the Sun-alone the external pressure-due to flow of Although Pioneer 10 may not trans­ define the end of the solar system and interstellar medium, galactic magnetic verse the heliopause during its mis­ the beginning of interstellar space? field, cosmic rays, or some combina­ sion's life, the spacecraft has made sig­ Just where does the edge exist? tion of these mechanisms. The solar nifcant findings about the helio­ Pioneer 10, in a new extended mis­ wind is expected to undergo a decel­ sphere; for example, the solar wind sion, is searching for this boundary, eration, heating, and a deviation from does not lose velocity with distance and what it discovers ironically may purely radial outflow so that it can from the Sun; and the primary source rob the spacecraft of its current celeb­ turn and slide along a boundary, the of turbulence in the outer heliosphere rity of being the first to traverse the heliopause, which separates the solar is sunstorms not solar wind collisions. edge of our Sun's domain. wind from interstellar plasmas and Also Pioneer is searching for the very The formal primary mission for Pio­ fields. There are major uncertainties low frequency gravitational waves and neer 10 was completed following its in the size and shape of the helio­ the theorized 10th planet. If Pioneer Jupiter encounter on December 3, sphere, the volume occupied by the 10 does not cross the heliopause and 1973; similarly, Pioneer ll's primary solar wind plasma, as well as in the enter interstellar space during its mis­ mission ended with its encounter of distance at which heating and deflec­ sion's life, these and other findings Saturn on September 1, 1979. Since tion of the solar wind occur. It has still win for the spacecraft historic those encounters, both spacecraft been suggested that the properties of laurels.• have pursued a new enterprise, defin­ the solar wind will change abruptly at ing the extent and behavior of the a thin shock surface interior to the he­ Sun's extended atmosphere, the mag­ liosphere. One objective of the ex­ BALTIC FREEDOM DAY netic bubble which contains the Sun tended Pioneer mission will be to seek and the planets and which is created evidence of such a shock or, alterna­ by the million-miles-an-hour solar tively, a thick transition region caused HON. DAVID DREIER wind blowing out from the Sun in all by the interstellar interaction. If such OF CALIFORNIA directions; this bubble is known as the a change occurs, it should be readily IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES heliosphere and the boundary between observable in the magnetic field and the heliosphere and the interstellar plasma data. It is also possible that, Thursday, June 9, 1983 medium through which the solar before a terminal shock or transition e Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I rise system is moving is the heliopause, the region is reached, other effects of the today in recognition of Baltic Freedom edge of the solar system. interstellar gas will be detectable. It is Day. The Baltic Nations-Lithuania, Launched in March 1972 and April thought that, as the neutral interstel­ Estonia, and Latvia-are captives 1973 respectively, Pioneers 10 and 11, lar gas enters the solar system and be­ under the powerful control of the the first deep space missions undertak­ comes ionized, it will exert a drag Soviet Union. This day marks the an­ en by NASA, are currently proceeding force on the solar wind which will lead niversary of the mass deportation, by toward the solar system boundary in to significant heating and, presum­ Communist authorities, of the Baltic nearly opposite directions. Pioneer 10 ably, to the production of waves and peoples from their native land in 1941. is traveling at a rate of 2.8 AU-one as­ other irregularities in the interplan­ This outrageous and unjust action is tronomical unit equals the distance etary field. If the heliopause is at terrible to reflect upon, especially for from the Earth to the Sun or 93 mil­ large heliocentric distances, such drag those who continue to live separated lion miles-per year in a direction gen­ effects may be the first effect to be ob­ from their families. As American citi­ erally away from the center of our served. zens, I feel that out of respect, we galaxy and roughly opposite the direc­ In addition to investigating the must acknowledge the survivors and tion of our basic solar system motion interaction of the solar wind with the the pain and suffering they continue with respect to nearby stars, and, interstellar medium, the Pioneer ex­ to experience. therefore, is traveling down the tail of tended mission is also studying the in­ It is important to remember that the the heliospheric teardrop. Pioneer 11 fluence of changing solar activity on oppression these nations suffer exists is traveling at a rate of 1.9 AU per year the structure and dynamics of the not only around the Balitc Sea, but opposite that of Pioneer 10 within the interplanetary medium. Since launch also around the world in places like quadrant of the upstream direction­ the Pioneers have covered almost one Afghanistan, Cuba, and Nicaragua. In­ solar apex direction-of the helio­ 11-year solar sunspot cycle, and are nocent citizens are abused as their reli­ sphere near the ecliptic plane in our currently near the beginning of a new gious and human rights are violated. galactic arm. The only other space­ sunspot cycle and the start of a 22- They are constantly fighting to regain craft in the outer solar system are year magnetic field polarity reversal their lost national identity while find- June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15765 ing themselves being further subjugat­ Perhaps not even the Soviets themselves in the West, the SS-2() helped bring them ed by blatently overt Soviet actions. can answer. There is as much truth as one. This day should make us all aware humor in the observation that the U.S.S.R. All the while the Soviets were talking is the world's only nation surrounded by about reducing weapons, they were adding of how fortunate we are to live in a hostile communist countries. Friendless, the SS-20s. When Mr. Schmidt himself pro­ Nation that stands for freedom and Soviets seek safety in controlling by threat posed a limited moratorium, the Soviets de­ dignity, the blending of various cul­ of force their unloving neighbors. The ambi­ clined, in fact, on the grounds that only tures, and the justice man deserves. tion to extend that control the Soviets in­ they would be giving up something. Let us hope that one day soon the peo­ terpret as prudent self-defense. To the In March 1982, however, with over 200 SS- ples of the Baltic Nations will enjoy neighbors it looks like, and is, a threat. 20s deployed, Mr. Brezhnev announced a these same rights.e To some neighbors, at least. Others be­ "unilateral moratorium." So far as anyone lieve the Soviets benign and cite their "rea­ can determine, it never meant anything. sonable" proposals for European arms con­ Finally, last December, Yuri Andropov, TRUTH DOSES NEEDED TO trol as proof. "I don't think we are threat­ successor to Mr. Brezhnev, offered to reduce ened. The Soviet Union has an interest in the Soviet missiles deployment to match the 162 rockets of says Penate Koppe, a 21-year-old history the British and French strategic forces. And major at the University of Bonn, and a last week, with the SS-20s totaling over 350, HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER member of the local Peace Committee. each with three warheads, he offered a re­ OF ILLINOIS But a step back from the trees of Soviet duction to match NATO warheads, includ­ proposals to look at the whole forest of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing British and French, still providing arms debate and Soviet tactics is instructive. NATO dropped its plans for cruise and Per­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Comparing Soviet words Soviet deeds along shing missiles. the path of recent history offers a nice in­ e Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, events Here the growing SS-20 force is used for sight into how the Soviets use their arms two purposes. The first is to block NATO's surrounding the European deployment buildup. restoration of its eroding deterrent. The of American cruise and Pershing mis­ It was at the dawn of detente in 1972 that second is to drive a wedge between any in siles have served to highlight a poten­ Western analysts believe the Soviets con­ NATO who would find the offer appealing tially serious problem facing the West: ceived their new SS-20 missile. Built to re­ and the British and French governments The Soviets, through their sophisticat­ place their SS-4s and SS-5s, it represents a who insist that their strategic forces are significant advance by virtue of its longer ed use of propaganda, are slowly win­ their defense of last resort and cannot auto­ range <3,000 miles), greater accuracy, triple matically be committed to NATO as are ning the battle for public opinion in warhead, mobility and reloadability. The Europe, while at the same, their un­ cruise and Pershing missiles. missile was also arriving on the scene at the Presumably, the Soviets don't want war, precedented military buildup contin­ same time that the Soviet Union was achiev­ and don't want to launch those SS-20s. But ues unabated. ing parity with U.S. intercontinental ballis­ the missiles aren't strictly defensive, either. This paradox is testament to the tic missiles, calling into question U.S. will to They are there to wield influence over skill with which the Soviets have man­ use such weapons to stop a limited Soviet NATO decision making, which they already aged to capture the high ground of military thrust in Europe. have. They are there to intimidate Europe moral righteousness. The fact that PACIFYING THE WEST and raise doubts about American willingness Moscow is believed as it continues to To Europeans, it looked as if the Soviets to defend its European allies, and they have talk about reducing weapons, all the were about to get the drop on them. As de­ done some of that, too. ployment on the SS-20s began in 1977, then Current betting among European govern­ while deploying over 300 offensive SS West Germany Chancellor Helmut Schmidt ments is that over the short term, at least, 20's at the heart of Europe, is cruel called on the U.S. to restore NATO's the Soviets won't succeed. If Europeans see confirmation of this polemical phe­ medium-range deterrent in Europe with a Soviet arms deployments and arms control nomenon. new class of missiles. Here the Soviets first ploys for what they are and demonstrate It is therefore essential that we rec­ began to "use" their new rocket. they won't be intimidated, there is a chance ognize their lies before the battle is In March 1979, then-Soviet Communist the Soviets will even negotiate equitable re­ lost. Fortunately, as we can see in the Party leader Leonid Brezhnev began to talk ductions. That is what the propaganda following article, our only weapon up limits on medium-range nuclear weapons battle of 1983 is all about. in Europe. By October, with more than 100 need be the truth: SS-20's deployed and NATO apparently CFrom the Wall Street Journal] nearing a decision to deploy its own new MEMPHIS AND SHELBY CO. DAR Moscow TALKS A LoT ABOUT AR.Ms CONTROL, missiles, Mr. Brezhnev made a proposal. HONORS FLAG DAY BUT ITS NUCLEAR ARSENAL KEEPS GROWING The Soviets would be ready to discuss reduc­ tion of unspecified medium-range weapons PARis.-Many Europeans and Americans in Europe provided NATO introduced no HON. DON SUNDQUIST new weapons. OF TENNESSEE wonder what motivates the big Soviet arms That proposal, coupled with the presence buildup of the past decade. Whatever they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES think of the Soviet system few believe the of the SS-20s, was partially successful. In December 1979, NATO agreed to start de­ Tuesday, June 14, 198 3 Russians are crazy enough to seek war. ployment this year of new cruise and Per­ While acknowledging pressure on the shing 2 missiles to restore its deterrent. But e Mr. SUNDQUIST. Mr. Speaker, this North Atlantic Treaty Organization, for ex­ past weekend, in honor of Flag Day, I ample, its secretary general, Joseph C. Luns in response to Mr. Brezhnev and Western public opinion, NATO went further. It had the privilege of addressing the declares: "I am not a bird of gloom. As long as we maintain a credible deterrent, there agreed that the U.S. would open talks with Memphis and Shelby County Regents the Soviets with a view to reducing or stop­ Council of the Daughters of the Amer­ will be no war. In nuclear war there will be ping the NATO deployment if agreement on no victors, and the Soviets know it. The So­ ican Revolution. arms control could be reached. Thus the So­ Flag Day, as all of my colleagues viets fear war, don't want war and won't viets acquired for the first time a form of make war unless all the cards are stacked in direct influence over a NATO military deci­ know, is a very important day because their favor." sion. That would have been impossible with­ it is the time we pay tribute to the Says Alois Mertes, Christian Democratic out the SS-20s. principles and ideals our flag repre­ Party minister of state in the West German The Soviets first declared that the NATO sents. It has been said that when the Foreign Office, and the closest thing to decision to go ahead with cruise and Per­ hawk that country has produced in govern­ world looks at our flag, it is looking shing had destroyed the basis for negotia­ through a window at our country past, ment: "The risk of war is zero in Europe. tions. But then they "relented." In July The real issue is the military superiority of present, and future. 1980, Helmut Schmidt traveled to Moscow The Stars and Stripes has never rep­ the Soviet Union and the Finlandization of despite Western outrage over the Soviet in­ West Germany." vasion of Afghanistan the previous Decem­ resented a king or monarch, and has HOSTILE NEIGHBORS ber. He was rewarded by a Soviet arms con­ never been planted in conquest of for­ Why then a Soviet buildup that far ex­ trol "concession." They would negotiate eign soil. Nor has our flag represented ceeds defense needs? after all. When the Soviets needed a friend the power of a particular President or 15766 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 statesman. Rather, since its official gains, the greater its ability to attract to the scientific and international adoption on June 14, 1777, the Ameri­ more material to itself. Gravitational communities as a leader in completing can Flag has represented the ideal of attraction packs the material tighter successful and important scientific liberty and justice for all men. in its core and the resulting pressure projects and in fostering international I would like to commend the Mem­ and density in the protostar raise the cooperation.e phis and Shelby County Regents temperature enough to make it glow Council of the Daughters of the Amer­ in infrared light. The process contin­ ican Revolution for the work they do ues until a critical temperature, pres­ H. LES REMMERS within the community, State, and sure and density are reached. Once Nation, and for so appropriately hon­ past this threshold thermonuclear HON. ROBERT E. BADHAM oring a special day in our country's fusion begins and a new star has been OF CALIFORNIA history. Also, I would like to congratu­ created. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES late Mrs. Huey King of Murfressboro, The observed stars are at this stage Tenn., who was recently selected as and are still enshrouded in gas and Tuesday, June 14, 1983 president general of the National Soci­ dust so that only a faint infrared glow •Mr. BADHAM. Mr. Speaker, I would ety of the Daughters of the ...American is detectable by IRAS. like to bring my colleagues attention Revolution. These observations made by IRAS to the retirement of H. Les Remmers Let us be ever mindful for what will help determine what processes ini­ who is leaving from the board of direc­ June 14 represents. Our Nation's flag tiate star formation and will help ex­ tors of the Moulton-Niguel Water Dis­ is a symbol of unity between the citi­ plain the conditions under which the trict after 16 years of service in that zens of our great land, and should solar system formed. Because these capacity. Les Remmers was instrumen­ serve as a constant reminder of just protostars are very much like the tal in bringing a supplemental supply how precious our own individual liber­ early sun, scientists believe that incipi­ of water to southeastern Orange ty and freedom really is.e ent solar systems of planets might be County, Calif., an area I have the forming around the young stars. privilege of representing in this honor­ Other phenomena have been detect­ able body. He was also one of the lead­ NASA TELESCOPE MAKES IM- ed by IRAS. Observations have indi­ ers in the community in establishing PORTANT FUNDAMENTAL cated that two interacting galaxies are Orange County Water Works District FINDING tearing each other apart by gravity No. 4, which since that time has pro­ forces as they pass one another. IRAS vided water service to the city of San HON.HAROLDL. VOLKMER observations have shown that these Juan Capistrano. OF MISSOURI interacting galaxies are unexpectedly Prior to his service on the board of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strong emitters of infrared radiation. directors of the Moulton-Niguel Water In addition, very old stars have been Tuesday, June 14, 1983 District, Les Remmers served as a observed and more than one-third of member of the board of directors of e Mr. VOLKMER. Mr. Speaker, I am its all-sky survey of infrared objects the Coastal Municipal Water District, pleased to announce that a novel space has been completed. In all, the IRAS which, along with the Municipal venture for scientific exploration is project scientists expect more than Water District of Orange County, are proving to be a great success. The In­ 200,000 infrared objects to be observed the primary entities through which frared Astronomical Satellite, called during the mission. land in Orange County obtains mem­ IRAS, was launched earlier this year This is truly a successful joint space bership in the Metropolitan Water from Vandenberg Air Force Base at exploration venture that highlights District of Southern California. Lompoc, Calif. It is a joint project of NASA's role as a leader in expanding Les Remmers is being honored by the U.S. National Aeronautics and international cooperation in high his friends on June 29, 1983, at the Space Administration, the ·Nether­ technology and space. The United Mission Viejo Country Club in Orange lands Space Agency and the United States provided the infrared telescope County, Calif. As the Congressman Kingdom's Science and Engineering system, the tape recorders, the Delta representing much of southern Research Council with NASA taking launch vehicle, the scientific data Orange County, I would like to com­ the lead role. processing, the U.S. cochairman and mend H. Les Remmers for his leader­ Several very young stars, called pro­ members of the Joint IRAS working ship in the planning and implementa­ tostars, were detected by the telescope group. The Netherlands Agency for tion of projects for providing Orange on IRAS. Astronomers believe that Aerospace programs provides the County with a dependable supplemen­ these stars are no more than a million other cochairman and European mem­ tal supply of water and for a job well years old and are coalescing from bers of the Joint IRAS Science Work­ done.e interstellar dust and gas clouds. These ing Group. In addition they provided protostars appear to be very much like the spacecraft, an additional experi­ the Sun was during its early stages of ment and the integration, testing and THE TRAGIC JUNE DAYS formation, about 4.6 billion years ago. launch preparations for the flight sat­ The astronomers theorize that these ellite. The United States, the Nether­ HON. JOHN R. KASICH young stars will become low-luminosi­ lands, and Great Britain all provide OF OHIO ty stars very much like the Sun. some tracking, command, control, and IN THE HOUSE 01'' REPRESENTATIVES The stars were spotted in IRAS tele­ date acquisition. scope scans across two dark clouds of Off-line date processing to produce a Tuesday, June 14, 1983 dust and gas called Barnard 5 and catalog of inertially fixed infrared • Mr. KASICH. Mr. Speaker, 43 years Lynds 1642. As many as five protostars emitting point sources is being accom­ ago, on June 15, the Soviet Union appear to be forming within Barnard 5 plished by the Jet Propulsion Labora­ forced its way into the Baltic States, and one or two within Lynds 1642. tory at Pasadena, Calif. This informa­ illegally occupying the Lithuanian According to theory, stars form from tion will be available to the scientific homeland. From June 14 through nebulae which are dense clouds com­ community at large to help answer June 18, 1941, now termed the "Tragic posed mostly of hydrogen and helium some basic questions in astrophysics. June Day,'' the Soviet Union's plans and small dust particles. Regions of The telescope is expected to operate for genocide against the Lithuanians these clouds collapse into protostars, through early January 1984, when its were actualized. During those 4 days attracting the surrounding material. supply of refrigerant is depleted. With alone, over 34,000 men, women, and The protostar continues to gain mass the end of this project NASA will have children were ruthlessly shipped off to from the cloud-the more mass it again demonstrated its immense value Siberian concentration camps. An esti- June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15767 mated 700,000 additional Lithuanians Mexico Legislature together and al­ a time when the U.S. industry was moving were deported or murdered during the though we represented different polit­ fast on a number of fronts, and needed to ical parties, our thinking was more make certain assumptions of what was going following decade. to happen with the fisheries management The Soviet Union to date has not often than not parallel. Harold Run­ structure. We did that, only to see the been forced to recognize its heinous nels served the people of New Mexico whole thing coming apart toward an ever­ acts. Even though most of the Soviet and the United States well for many delayed end. Needless to say, this is not the policymakers acting at the time of the years. He was a good man and a good kind of business climate in which U.S. busi­ genocide are dead, the oppression con­ Member of Congress. It is only fitting nesses will be able to operate for very long tinues. Lithuanians today still are ex­ that the Federal Building in the larg­ and still expand their utilization of these posed to harsh Russian policies which est city in the district he served be valuable resources. named in his memory.e 2. Optimum Yield: As a member of one of deny even the most fundamental of the Regional Fishery Management Coun­ human rights. cils, I know that very often you can get By our nonaction, the Soviets' totali­ THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FISH­ things done if you characterize them prop­ tarian government is given permission ING INDUSTRY TO THE U.S. erly. But no matter what you call it, it ap­ to hold people in bondage based on ECONOMY pears that under Amendment 3 as it is being their racial and political background. implemented, the economics of the develop­ How much longer is the oppression of ment of the U.S. industry will not receive the Lithuanians going to be allowed to HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELLI proper attention in the yearly establish­ continue? The Lithuanians send out OF NEW JERSEY ment of Total Allowable Levels of Foreign IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Fishing. Given what the Magnuson Act was cries of help to the United States and set up to do, this is not very smart. We saw its Government. We, as a Government, Tuesday, June 14, 1983 last year that foreign markets will not open must do what we can to persuade the e Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, up to U.S. suppliers if foreigners know they Soviets to implement policy changes support of our U.S. fishing industry is will be able to catch the product themselves. that will ease the plight of all Lithua­ This is Catch-22 in its most elemental form. of paramount importance to the I certainly believe that we should not have nians. strength of our economy and the eco­ Policy changes have been proposed to go to school again on this point. nomic well-being of our coastal com­ Clearly the U.S. industry ought to have that would significantly improve the munities. Presently, industry leaders some facts and be able to demonstrate that conditions of these enslaved peoples. consider themselves in a land of oppor­ it could reach those markets. But the fish­ Specifically called for are: First, a re­ tunity as squid, mackerel and butter­ ery management process must give us the duction in tariff rates on parcels going fish species abound in the waters off ability to hold back fish from T ALFF so to relatives in the Baltic States; the Atlantic coast. These prime com­ that we can demonstrate our capabilities. second, allowances for a longer dura­ Amendment 3 was certainly intended to do mercial species are, as yet, undevel­ this, and this was clearly understood by ev­ tion on the present 5-day tourist visa; oped, and the fishing industry is on third, more reasonable travel restric­ erybody. Now, however, bureaucratic machi­ the verge of making significant break­ nation has apparently put the point in ques­ tions on tourists going to Lithuania; throughs in using these fish to the full tion, for reasons that do not seem to be re­ and fourth, in accordance with the extent of their availability. The U.S. lated to the development of the U.S. fishing Charter of the United Nations which fishing industry is preparing itself to industry. was signed by the U.S.S.R., provisions deal in the international marketplace 3. Flexibility: I understand that the imple­ for Lithuanians to meet with family in by stimulating the full U.S. utilization menting regulations provide that decisions other countries. that need to made under Amendment 3 with of the fishery resources, including har­ regard to OY, TALFF, DAH, DAP, DAP, On June 15, all American Lithuani­ vesting, processing, and marketing. ans as well as free Lithuanians from JVP and the like, will be up to the Secretary Following is the statement of Alan D. of Commerce, and may be made only once the other nations throughout the Guimond, presented before the House per year. I sincerely hope that some admin­ world will join together to mourn the Merchant Marine and Fisheries Com­ istrative relief is available here. If the plight of these people held under the mittee, Subcommittee on Fisheries intent is to delegate this authority to the dictates of Russian totalitarianism. and Wildlife Conservation. I feel it is Regional Director, which Amendment 3 re­ This certainly is an appropriate time an important issue and I commend it quires, then timely decisions can be made. for all U.S. lawmakers to investigate to my colleagues. But the Secretary or his office cannot rou­ the situation and see what we can do tinely be involved if the Government in­ to help promote universal justice STATEMENT OF ALAN D. GUIMOND tends to be responsive to problems on a real Mr. Chairman and members of the com­ time basis. throughout the world.• mittee, I appreciate the opportunity to And once-a-year decision-making is classic appear before you today to discuss matters head-in-the-sand bureaucratics. Just try to DESIGNATE LAS CRUCES FEDER­ relating to the management of the Atlantic imagine what we would have to come up AL BUILDING AS THE "HAROLD Squid, Mackerel and Butterfish resources. with if on May 10, 1982, all of us had sat in When we in the U.S. industry look at these this room and speculated what the squid sit­ L. RUNNELS FEDERAL BUILD­ species we feel that we are in the "land of uation might look like today! Even within ING" opportunity," since on the Atlantic coast the past ten days there have been fast­ these are the prime commercial species moving developments, as it begins to look HON. JOE SKEEN which we have not fully developed yet. As I more and more as if the Loligo squid will be will explain, we are on the verge of signifi­ available in record quantities. The Govern­ OF NEW MEXICO cant break-throughs in using these, particu­ ment must be able to respond quickly to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES larly squid and butterfish, to the full extent these types of developments. Tuesday, June 14, 1983 of their availability. The issue today seems My other suggestion to the Committee to be: how should the Government respond and to the agencies concerning the develop­ •Mr. SKEEN. Mr. Speaker, today I to this? ment of the industry's ability to fully utilize introduced legislation to designate the One thing not to do is ever agair. 'o allow these species would be that you allow the Federal Building in Las Cruces, N. the kind of administrative decision-making industry the opportunity to sort out its own Mex., as the "Harold L. Runnels Fed­ which we witnessed for Amendment 3 to the problems. As you are probably aware, there eral Building." Fishery Management Plans for Atlantic is a pretty fair disagreement within the in­ As you know, Mr. Runnels preceded Squid, Mackerel and Butterfish. This pre­ dustry right now concerning the best route me as the Congressman from New sented the industry with three problems: to take to our common goal: the full U.S. 1. Planning: The Amendment 3 soap opera utilization of the fishery resources of the Mexico's Second Congressional Dis­ continued on for two years, between the FCZ, including harvesting, processing and trict. I was elected to the seat follow­ Councils, NMFS, the rest of the Commerce marketing. But this is a decision that must ing his untimely death on August 5, Department, and last but certainly not be worked out within the U.S. industry if we 1980. Harold Runnels and I were long­ least, the Office of Management and are to get into the international markets ef­ time friends. We served in the New Budget. This unfortunately occurred during ficiently, for the long run. 15768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 In the joint venture context, there are look for a second at the fishery which is Mr. Chairman and Members of the Com­ some who want to characterize this as a causing all of the consternation at this mittee, thank you very much for your kind problem between U.S. processors and for­ moment: Loligo squid. Last year our indus­ attention. I would be glad to answer any eign processors, and claim that the proces­ try produced less than 5,000 tons of Loligo. questions you or the Staff may have.e sor preference amendments to the Magnu­ In past years we have done some more, but son Act should be invoked to protect the do­ usually much less. Now, our industry is mestic processor. But in reality, the prob­ trying to convince you and others in Gov­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION lems are between some U.S. processors who ernment that we can do much more­ want to continue dealing with foreign mar­ upward of 20,000 metric tons. I agree that kets as they have in the past, and others we can do that, and even more. But not the HON. BUTLER DERRICK such as myself who believe that there is a way we have done business in the past. That OF SOUTH CAROLINA better way. I like to think of the disagree­ is why I am doing business differently. ment as between those who want to wait for So what has happened? Our industry first IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the markets to come to them, and we who decided to ask that joint ventures be elimi­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 have decided to aggressively go out and nated from New England, but allowed to go move into those international markets for forward in the Mid-Atlantic, and presented e Mr. DERRICK. Mr. Speaker, I was fishery products of all kinds. those views to the Mid-Atlantic Fishery inadvertently detained and was un­ A lot of people have been wondering what Management Council. My company decided available for rollcall vote No. 190, an my company is up to, why, and how it is thereafter to remove our joint venture oper­ amendment by Mr. LEvINE of Califor­ consistent with positions I have taken in the ation from New England waters, partly for nia to the defense authorization bill, past. Let me offer a few words of explana­ operational considerations, but also to see if H.R. 2969, to defer procurement funds tion. Anybody who has been around this the rest of the industry could perform. for the Bradley fighting vehicle until building for very long knows that few have Then, at the convention of the National been as strongly in support of moving for­ Fisheries Institute, they went after another adequate testing is completed. Had I eign vessels out of our fisheries and putting bite of the apple-no joint ventures for been present I would have voted Americans to work in this industry should be allowed in a which way will result in the best long-term amounts received are small among all fishery where U.S. processors can and will competitive position for us all in the inter­ groups. Both the likelihood of support and utilize the available product fully. But let's national marketplace. the amount of support are highest when the June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15769 mother is legally divorced, is white, or has a 9. States have 18 months to comply after One passage in the book is so important to college education. the date of enactment.e the current Social Security muddle that it is reproduced here in its entirety: WOMEN WITH MINOR CHILDREN FROM AN ABSENT FATHER, "Consider a married man who retired at 1978 STEPHEN CRYSTAL AUTHORS 65 in 1977. His maximum payroll taxes since IMPORTANT BOOK ON PUBLIC the system's start in 1937 could not have ex­ ceeded $7, 705, with an equivalent contribu­ Number Percent Percent POLICY AND AGING in U.S. award- who Mean tion from the employer. Benefits to the em­ popula- ed re- annual ploye and his spouse, at about $8,400 for a lion child ceiYed support his {in support re- HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. maximum contributor, would exceed mil- pay- ~i cejyedl OF MICHIGAN contributions in the first year. Even more lions) ments support spectacular have been the payoffs to early IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES participants in coverage expansions. Thus, All women with minor children from an someone who retired in 1950 under the absent father ...... 7.1 59 35 $1,799 Tuesday, June 14, 1983 Number of own children: newly implemented self-employment plan, 1 child ...... 3.6 55 30 1,288 e Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I want and who lived until 1977, would have re­ 2 children ...... 2.1 65 42 1,995 to call the attention of my colleagues ceived $43,000 in benefits on an investment 3 children ...... 0.8 62 36 2,528 4 or more children ...... 0.5 57 34 2,752 to a book that the Christian Science of $121.50. Current marital status: Monitor selected as one of the best "The mechanism which makes this possi­ Oivon:ed .••...... •...... 2.4 80 52 1,951 ble is the time-honored principle of the Remarried ...... •...... 2.0 77 39 1,602 books of 1982. The book, entitled, Separated ...... 1.3 45 27 1,906 "America's Old Age Crisis: Public chain letter or Ponzi scheme. In such a Never married ...... 1.4 11 6 976 Policy and the Two Worlds of Aging," system, those who get in first profit greatly Race and Spanish origin: from the investments Qf those who join White ...... 5.1 71 43 1,861 was written by Stephen Crystal, the later. But there is always a day of reckon­ Black ...... 1.9 29 14 1,294 director of the Department of Family 0.5 44 24 1,318 ing. Future payoff rates will be considerably E~.=1 ~£~n·;nenc··········-· · ············ and Adult Services of New York City's less beneficial. Future retirees-particularly Less than 12 years ...... 2.4 46 23 1,503 Human Resources Administration. 3.2 64 38 1,664 single people, married women, and those 1.1 69 43 2,089 Mr. Crystal's book has been critical­ who have paid the maximum tax-are likely =;£:~:~:~~::::::::::::::::: : :::::::::: 0.5 71 52 2,574 ly well-received, as evidenced by the to receive less in benefits than they could reviews of it that appeared in the have received by investing their contribu­ 1 By those who received any support Cleveland Plain Dealer, Philadelphia tion on their own, in an Individual Retire­ Note.--0.vn child1 en includes both biological and adopted children. ment Account, for example." Source: calculated from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Inquirer, Washington Post, and Chris­ Reports, series P23, No. 112, table B. The day of reckoning Crystal talks about "U.S. Children and Their Families: Current Conditions and Recent Trends tian Science Monitor. I commend the is already upon us, and his observations cer­ "Report of the Select r.ommittee on Children, Youth and Families," 98th book to my colleagues. l'.ongress. tainly belie the frequent claim of Social Se­ The articles of the newspapers curity pensioners that they only want what I will be introducing legislation this follow: is rightly theirs, i.e., what they put in. If week that will initiate a national re­ CFrom the Cleveland Plain Dealer, Dec. 26, what they put in were what they actually 1982] get or expect to get, they would quite sponse to this national problem. A simply starve. summary of the provisions follows: AN AGENDA FOR CONGRESS: OLD AGE PuBLIC Crystal doesn't simply sketch out a POLICY NEEDS HARDER LooK SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS OF CHILD SUPPORT doomsday scenario, however. He has some ENFORCEMENT LEGISLATION A BILL To 1 wage withholding in connection with disci­ Despite a common perception that most plinary or discharge action. social-program abuses are perpetrated by The current debate over programs and 7. States must take necessary action to "welfare mothers," Crystal painstakingly benefits for America's elderly is particularly extend the wage withholding system so that shows how if anyone is ripping off the heated because, as Stephen Crystal ob­ the system includes withholding of child system, it's middle- and upper-middle­ serves, the elderly are the "one minority to support from income other than wages, or income white retirees. which we all anticipate belonging." Emerg­ to impose bonding or other requirements to And contrary to the myth that more and ing in the midst of this controversy, Crys­ ensure collection regardless of the source of more Americans are now taking in their el­ tal's America's Old Age Crisis provides a income. derly, Crystal demonstrates the reality of fresh analysis and even some recommenda­ 8. States must enter into agreements with the situation: Only one group stands out as tions for how America might cope with its other States so that withholding can be un­ taking in its own old, and that is blacks-a dertaken even if the applicable court order fact that helps explain why elderly black 1 Elizabeth Taylor, a former aide to &n. Arlen or administrative order was issued in an­ women enter nursing homes about seven Specter, has done extensive research on retirement other State. years later than white women. communities in America. 15770 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 burgeoning elderly population during hard home rather than nursing-home care, ex­ most dangerous-are our myths about the economic times. panding Health Maintenance Organizations aged in the family. Contrary to popular Crystal criticizes the current system, to provide special care for the elderly, insist­ belief, old people are not dependent on their which perpetuates the existence of two ing upon mandatory pension coverage, adult children for money or support. Less classes-or worlds-of old people, "one poor, taxing half the Social Security benefit, con­ than 5 percent of the aged regularly receive one comfortable-separate and unequal." sidering raising the retirement age, increas­ money from their adult children-in fact, Today's policies allow the middle-class el­ ing Supplemental Security Income. The "the elderly are twice as likely to report pro­ derly to enjoy bigger slices of the pie while reader is left wondering how these propos­ viding financial help to children as to poor, old people receive only minimal bene­ als would fare in the real world where, for report receiving it!"-and most do not rely fits, he says. instance, political pressures recently de­ on their extended family members for ongo­ America's Old Age Crisis is sure to invite terred the Reagan administration's efforts ing support. criticism from the Left, which tends to see to cut Social Security. When asked, the elderly generally are the elderly as a homogenous and needy pop­ A year ago, President Reagan, with the co­ forceful in insisting on independence from ulation, and from the Right, which insists operation of Congress, established the bi­ their adult children. And their children, as that some invisible hand will place food on partisan National Commission on Social Se­ the prospect of caring for Ma and Pa looms the table of even the poorest old person. curity Reform to suggest ways to eliminate closer, are just as forceful in believing their Crystal challenges the myth that all elder­ a deficit in the old-age benefits program. As parents should continue to live on their ly are poverty-stricken. He contends that the commission deliberated, it is to be hoped own. According to Crystal, the myth that the proportion of the elderly living below that it considered Social Security, as Crystal the family network still supports the aged is the poverty level has declined and that the has done; within the context of the network potentially the most damaging, because American public is mistaken in thinking of assistance programs for the elderly. "the assumption that public benefits for the that the elderly as a block receive insuffi­ Members of the Reagan administration, needy aged merely supplement or displace cint government assistance. In 1982, accord­ who will soon be considering the commis­ family help can easily be used to justify cut­ ing to Crystal, one-third of the entire feder­ sion's recommendations, would be smart to ting back the programs that constitute the al budget provided "benefits to the aged." look at this book. floor under economic well-being and access The problem, according to Crystal, is in the [From the Washington Post] to care for the aged." distribution-not the level-of benefits. Declining fertility rates and that ever­ Crystal indicts the Reagan administration OLD AGE: FACING THE FACTS present population blip of the ba.by boom for promoting "two-class" retirement. In the means that many of our current policies latest round of budget cuts, the Reagan ad­ When Stephen Crystal told a friend that toward the elderly will soon need significant ministration preserved Social Security and he was writing a book about national policy rethinking. Crystal documents the now-fa­ Medicare-programs which, according to toward the aged, his friend said, "I didn't miliar crisis ahead for Social Security: when Crystal, are the concerns of the organized, think there was any." In a sense, there the program began in 1945, there were 50 middle-class elderly. Sacrificed instead was isn't-and that is the theme of Crystal's active workers contributing to Social Securi­ funding that provides a lifeline to America's scholarly new book. America bases its treat­ ty for every retiree drawing an income from old people living at the poverty line-the ment-or, more often, non-treatment-of it. Today, there are just three active work­ Title XX program for social services, which the aged on myth, misconception, fear, and ers for each retiree, and in another 45 years helps pay for in-home care, food stamps, misunderstanding, turning the notions of re­ the ratio will drop to two to one. Concludes energy assistance, nutrition programs and tirement, of social "security," of leisure in Crystal, "something will have to give-much Medicaid. Crystal attacks the usual demons: the "golden years" into a cruel joke. higher payroll taxes, benefit cuts, an ad­ fraud, waste and mismanagement. But, he We can no longer afford· to turn our backs vance build-up of the trust fund from its maintains that President Reagan's cuts end on the aged, Crystal says. Demographics present token level to cover the problem up hurting the poor more than eradicating alone compel compassion. "IDtimately," he years, or some combination of these. Still, it fraud. warns, "the aged will include almost all of should be noted that today's benefit levels Crystal is at his best when navigating his us," and by "us" he means mostly the post­ could be sustained even in the worst coming readers through the thicket of benefits­ war baby boomers, today's 30- to 40-year­ years if we were willing to pay social securi­ Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid and olds who are an eternal "blip" on the curve ty tax rates at the level currently imposed Title XX-as well as through the myriad of the nation'& age distribution. As this pop­ in a number of European countries.... The pension plans, such as IRA and Keogh. ulation bulge moves, like a rabbit swallowed social security ride will never again be Crystal clarifies ways in which these plans, by a python, inexorably toward old age, our almost free, at least not in any of our life­ which have become such an important part current guarantees of a decent income and times." of the Anierican economy, operate. Pension decent medical care for the elderly will be It's no wonder that a recent Harris survey programs help shift the burden of caring for all but impossible to meet. And as federal found that nearly 70 percent of workers the elderly away from the family and pro­ promises become ever more elusive, the pop­ under age 55 expressed "no confidence" in mote "systematic inequity," he says. They ulation over age 65 will split increasingly the Social Security system, and more than reward skilled employees of large corpora­ into "two worlds"-the very well-to-do, and half the workers surveyed by The New York tions, who mainly happen to be white men. the desperately poor. Times/CBS News said they didn't believe Women's economic disadvantages are ac­ Crystal sets out, convincingly, to dash there would be any money left from which centuated in the retirement years, says some of our most cherished stereotypes they could draw their own Social Security Crystal. In his brief treatment of women, about the elderly. He uses a wealth of data benefits. Crystal points out that women, especially to counter myths such as the one that the In an age of diminishing resources, Crys­ widows, comprise a major portion of the aged are physically infirm. "With improving tal projects, the elderly will be left more poorest elderly; unmarried women comprise health standards, fewer physically debilitat­ and more to fend for themselves, depending 72 percent of this population. The working ing manual jobs, better nutrition, and on private pension programs, savings and in­ married woman benefits little from Social longer life spans," he writes, " 'the young­ vestments, and family members for their Security, which regards non-working women old' retire between 65 and 74 is likely to be means of support. As the government pulls as the norm. as capable of being productive as someone back on its commitment to the aged, there Crystal's discussion should satisfy the spe­ in his late fifties or early sixties was two will be no middle ground. Persons over 65 cialists' requirement of sophistication; it generations ago." He refutes, too, the will be either well off or disadvan­ Jargon <"differential access skills and re­ most old people, while only 13 percent of taged , but he does better than most the aged found this [problem] very s.overe poor, and alone>. social scientists at restraining this sort of for them personally." The once-popular Crystal offers some suggestions to stop excess. "disengagement theory" and bad enough to consider serious arms control. have been roundly criticized at times guys can people a nostalgic and simplistic view of budget in the past. It seems that every WASHINGTON.-ln recent weeks, several the world. Mr. Reagan strikes a responsive few years we shift our perspective on pundits, Congressmen and the President chord in us all, because most of us have held have hailed the birth of a bipartisan consen­ similar views-until the clearly contrasting what the cornerstone of our defense sus on two of the most controversial foreign blacks and whites of youth gave way to the system should be. In the past we have policy issues we face: Central America and complex grays of adulthood. There are good been told that conventional weaponry arms control. In fact, there is no such con­ guys and bad guys ef­ will lose faith in our ability to fairly cided that the "dense pack" approach forts in Government. Our economy and economically govern. was the way to go. Now we are told needs to develop new industries using Today I am introducing legislation that the best way to deploy this advanced technology in order to main­ which equitably addresses these prob­ system is to put it in the silos which tain its leadership position. Federally lems, as outlined in the June 3, 1983, were previously so vulnerable. This supported R&D which has provided GAO report on GPO wages. This vulnerability still exists, according to the base for many of our current in­ report revealed the following astound­ the Department of Defense which esti­ dustries, but in recent years this sup­ ing facts: mates that by 1989, the Soviet Union port has declined. GPO craft and industrial employees would be able to knock out 99 percent Now, at a time when expansion in ci­ of these missiles. The public has every were paid $3,222 to $17 ,879 more per vilian R&D is needed, military R&D is year than general schedule or Federal right to be skeptical about our policy usurping valuable funds. Since 1981, on this system and to demand that military R&D has increased a stagger­ wage system employees in similar oc­ Congress carefully examine the even­ ing 80 percent and in the 1984 Reagan cupations. This means that GPO craft tual deployment mode for MX. budget would have comprised 70 per­ and industrial employees earn an aver­ Then we have the problem of esca­ cent of the entire Federal R&D age of 42 percent more than other lating costs on our weapons systems budget. Military R&D has little direct Federal workers. after we commit ourselves to them. effect on developing new businesses GPO craft employees also receive be­ We have seen costs for new aircraft and industries: It is geared toward per­ tween $0.36 and $5.14 per hour more presented to Congress at $6 million formance specifications which are not than private sector employees doing per plane grow to $30 million per cost effective in the civilian sector, the same work. This translates into plane. The mission of these planes much of it is kept in a classified state, approximately a 32 percent premium changes over time as they are adapted and most of it is not coordinated with over the private sector in the Wash­ to cover new functions and the cost es­ areas of civilian economic develop­ ington, D.C., area. calates. ment. It is money stolen from our Over the last 10 years, GPO wage in­ We read stories about all-weather reindustrialization effort. creases for these workers have greatly equipment which bogs in the mud or Some defense contractors are becom­ exceeded wage increases granted other becomes disabled by sandstorms. We ing concerned about being too depend­ Federal workers. read about "smart" missiles too dumb ent upon military funding sources. At Many different unrelated jobs, re­ to find their designated targets. We in the same time, some in the Pentagon quiring different training and skill Congress are asked to sanction these are questioning the quality of the levels, are all paid at the same rate, systems based upon flimsy perform­ goods received under loosely developed completely disregarding the standard ance specifications or idealized plans weapons systems planning. I share this practice in the Federal Government. and then pay later to correct the concern; it is the reason why I have The main provisions of my bill will: flaws. supported efforts to readjust the De­ One. Apply the Federal wage grades An excellent example of this is con­ partment of Defense budget. and pay rates (printing and litho­ tained in the DOD budget for fiscal In my support for reductions in the graphic wage scales> to all the newly year 1984 in the request to begin pur­ DOD fiscal year 1984 budget request, I hired GPO craft and industrial em­ chases for an antisatellite system am sending a message that we need a plqyees. . The request begins with a re­ better plan. I am tired of seeing de­ Two. "Grandfather" the previously quest of only $19 million in fiscal year fense plans made and weapons systems negotiated Kiess Act pay levels for all 1984. However, the cost of the total proposed as the last chance of pre­ GPO employees paid under that system is expected to go as high as $10 venting our downfall, and then having system, while classifying or grading billion. And this for an ASAT system those plans change or those systems those workers under the general that will be obsolete by the time that prove inadequate. I am tired of a de­ schedule or Federal wage systems; and it is deployed. I strongly oppose this fense policy made with little recogni­ Three. Provide the "grandfathered" program, preferring to see an invest­ tion of the gains that can be accom­ workers with pay raises which they ment made in manned space missions plished with a consistent foreign would receive if they were paid under which could perform both military policy. the general schedule or general wage and civilian missions. We owe it to ourselves to make the systems. But what are the costs of being best uses of our limited resources.• drawn down these rosy paths of tech­ Four. Apply the general schedule nology's promise? We neglect exiSting classification and pay systems to all defense systems and mundane matters GPO WAGES present and future white-collar GPO like procuring enough spare parts to employees. keep existing planes flying and ships HON. JERRY LEWIS This legislation is designed to bring afloat. We are forced, as this year, to GPO's classification and pay practices 01' CALIFORNIA for both white collar and blue collar choose between some shiny hardware IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and adequate pay for the men and workers into ·conformity with the sys­ women whose job it is to keep our de­ Tuesday, June 14, 1983 tems used by the rest of the Federal fenses strong. I am tired of being e Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Government. Currently the workers in forced to make these choices which Speaker, for over a decade the issue of GPO field printing plants are paid are the result of poor planning and excessive wages for certain GPO em­ under the Federal wage system where­ the lack of consistency in our defense ployees has been discussed but not ad­ as the workers at the Washington, policy. dressed by Congress. GAO has just D.C., plants bargain collectively for I am also painfully aware of some of finished its third comprehensive study their wages in accordance with 44 the broader costs of unplanned shifts in 7 years detailing that many employ­ United States Code section 305. This in budget priorities. We need to realize ees at Congress' Government Printing practice is irrational, inequitable, and that we are, in these times of fiscal Office receive, on average, 42 percent has been the source of numerous legal austerity, dealing with a limited more in wages than other Federal challenges. June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15775 Three major class action lawsuits GPO craft and industrial workers were office, the Departmental Service office, and have been leveled against the GPO in paid $.36 to $5.14 more per hour Can approx­ GPO regional printing and procurement of­ the last decade, and the agency has imate average of 31 percent> than were pri­ fices in Chicago, Denver, New York, and vate sector employees doing similar work in San Francisco. GAO auditors selected, from settled or lost them all. These suits the Washington, D.C. area. lists of names provided by both labor and were based upon the use of inconsist­ For calendar years 1973 through 1982, management. employees in 21 Jobs in nine ent classification and pay systems and GPO pay increases ranged from 112 to 131 occupational categories, "to determine their the perpetuation of the journeyman percent while FWS employees received only duties and responsibilities and to observe craft status. The Government has lost 93 to 120 percent increases, and General the work they perform." The auditors also over $13 million in these suits already, Schedule employees received only a 75 per­ visited the Pentagon Division of the De­ and the costs continue to escalate. The cent wage increase for that period. fense Printing Service, the Department of GPO employees are paid a night shift dif­ Commerce's Office of Publications and Na­ only way to solve the agencywide ferential of 15 percent for the second and tional Oceanographic and Atmospheric Ad­ problems highlighted by the lawsuits third shifts, while FWS employees receive ministration, the Office of the Federal Reg­ is to implement a rational, equitable, only a 7 .5-percent differential on the second ister, the National Labor Relations Board, and objective classification and wage shift and 10 percent on the third. Private the Defense Mapping Agency's Hydrograph­ system for the agency. This legislation sector printing establishments in the Wash­ ic and Topographic Center, the U.S. Geolog­ will be a major step toward such a ington, D.C. area pay, on the average, 5 per­ ical Survey, and the Bureau of Engraving system and will not impact adversely cent for the second shift and 10 percent for and Printing. At these facilities, GAO ob­ the third. tained position descriptions and actually ob­ on workers currently employed at the When GPO employees work on holidays, served the employees at work. With the as­ Government Printing Office. they are paid 2lfl times their basic hourly sistance of a classification expert from the The original cosponsors of this bill rate, but GS and FWS employees are paid Office of Personnel Management, the duties are: double time. of the workers in all of these facilities were LIST OF COSPONSORS GPO's long-standing practices of paying correlated with the occupational categories the same wage rates to employees perform­ used under the GPO, FWS, and General Trent Lott Virginia Smith ing different levels of work does not follow Schedule systems. The private sector com­ Sonny Montgomery Tom Kindness the generally accepted Federal pay principle parisons were performed based upon visits Bob Michel Dan Crane of maintaining pay distinctions in keeping to three private printing plants and analysis Charles Stenholm John Myers with work and performance distinctions. of the Washington, D.C., FWS printing and Bill Frenzel Tom Hartnett GPO's primary benefits, such as retire­ lithographic wage survey results. Duncan Hunter Harold Rogers ment, health, and life insurance, are the The Federal Government utilizes three Barbara Vucanovich Bill McCollum same as those granted other Federal work­ basic pay setting mechanisms: the General Mickey Edwards William Thomas ers, and studies indicate that they are com­ Schedule, Federal Wage System, and collec­ Phil Gramm Newt Gingrich parable to such benefits in the private tive bargaining for wages. The General Bob Stump Jack Hightower sector. Schedule applies primarily to the Govern­ Bill Emerson Gerald Solomon The GAO recommended that a joint ment's white collar work force Cl.4 million> Denny Smith John Breaux labor-management task force study the pos­ and it allows the President to adjust salaries Judd Gregg Carroll Campbell sible alternative pay systems for GPO: annually on the basis of a national survey James Broyhill Tim Valentine Modify GPO's collective bargaining proc­ conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics Larry Craig John Hiler ess to require that negotiated wage rates be which compares Federal salaries with those Phil Crane George Wortley determined on the basis of private sector paid in the private sector for similar work. Dan Daniel Gene Chappie prevailing wage surveys; or The President sends his recommendation to Lynn Martin Arlan Stangeland Place GPO under appropriate Federal pay Congress for approval, and for 6 of the last Bill Chappell John Porter systems such as the FWS and the General 8 years the GS raises have been smaller Tom Loeffler John Erlenborn Schedule, with most GPO collective bar­ than called for by the comparability proc­ Sam Hall Jim Courter gaining employees coming under the FWS. ess. The Federal Wage system covers the Bob Livingston Hank Brown The GPO is a legislative branch agency Government's blue-collar workers (445,000) I am including, for the record, a which has served the printing needs of the and provides for the setting and adjusting Federal Government since 1860. In addition of pay rates in accordance with local pre­ summary of the General Accounting to its central office, located on the corner of vailing rates in 135 localities. The FWS also Office report on the U.S. Government North Capitol and H Streets in Washington, has 13 special printing and lithographic Printing Office's pay and classification D.C., GPO operates five regional printing wage areas for which pay rates in excess of system and a copy of the bill. plants, the Departmental Service Office, 13 the normal maximum FWS rates are paid. COMPARISON OF THE U.S. GOVERNMENT regional printing procurement offices, and It is to these higher pay rates, covering ap­ PRINTING OFFICE'S PAY AND CLASSIFICATION 27 bookstores. GPO's central office prints proximately 2,200 non-GPO Federal print­ SYSTEM TO OTHER FEDERAL AND PRIVATE and distributes the Congressional Record ing and lithographic employees in Washing­ SECTOR SYSTEMS-GENERAL ACCOUNTING and the Federal Register, as well as Con­ ton, D.C., that GAO compared GPO wage OFFICE REPORT B-211140, JUNE 3, 1983 gressional bills, resolutions, hearings, re­ rates. For the last 5 years, Congress has re­ ports, committee prints, and miscellaneous stricted FWS pay increases to the same per­ SUMMARY agency work. In fiscal year 1982, GPO con­ centage increase granted General Schedule At the request of six Members of Con­ tracted out to the private sector 71 percent employees. The Government bargains col­ gress, the General Accounting Office CGAO> of the GOP's work. lectively for wages with approximately performed a comprehensive evaluation of GPO employs about 5,900 workers in 643,000 employees, with almost 98 percent the pay practices and classification systems Washington, D.C., and 450 employees in the of that total employed by the Postal Service of the U.S. Government Printing Office regional facilities, with an annual payroll of or the Tennessee Valley Authority. General­ and compared them with the pay about $163 million. In the central office, ap­ ly, statutes require that these agencies and classification systems used by other proximately 3,400 employees collectively which bargain for wages set wage rates Federal agencies and private sector printing bargain for wages; while GPO's other 2,500 which are comparable with the private businesses in the Washington, D.C. area. employees are paid under GPO's equivalent sector, and thus the only real bargaining This included a job-by-job comparison of of the General Schedule system. The 450 re­ occurs over how wage surveys are to be con­ the actual duties and responsibilities of em­ gional employees are either General Grade ducted, and not the resultant wage rates ployees working at the GPO and at these The GAO conducted its field study from of the U.S. Congress must approve the than other Federal employees in similar oc­ January to March 1983 and performed its agreement. If no mutually satisfactory wage cupations who were paid under the General work "in accordance with generally accept­ level is agreed to by the Public Printer and Schedule or Prevailing Rate CFWS> pay and ed Government auditing standards". The the crafts, the Joint Committee is empow­ classification systems. GAO made onsite visits to GPO's central ered to set the wage rates. For many years, 15776 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1983 there was no systematic procedure for de­ GPO printing plant workers received 29 Act may be cited as the "Government Print- termining wage rates since the only stand­ percent more. ing Office Pay Reform Act of 1983". ard articulated by the Kiess Act was that GPO pressmen received 21 percent mo::.-e. SEc. 2. Section 305(a) of Title 44, United they be "in the interest of the Government The Public Printer, GPO's unions, and the States Code, is amended to read as follows: and Just to the persons employed." In 1940, Joint Committee on Printing all were given "(a) The Public Printer may employ such a formula was agreed upon which included a the opportunity to comment upon a draft of persons as are necessary for the work of the 24-city survey, but this approach was subse­ the GAO report and their comments and Government Printing Office. He may not quently abandoned because labor and man­ GAO's responses concluded the report. The ' employ more persons than the necessities of agement could not agree on a proper survey Public Printer suggested that analysis of the public work require." scope and methodology. In 1982, the Public fringe benefits be included in the report to SEc. 3. Section 5102(c) of Title 5 Printer proposed a substantial pay increase. provide information regarding the claim by United States Code is amended by striking The Joint Committee, because the parties GPO's unions at the fact finding hearing out paragraph (9). ' could not agree and based upon certain rec­ that public sector benefits were inferior to (b) Section 5342 of such title is ommendations by a Fact Finder, established private sector benefit packages. The GAO amended by inserting after "Executive a 3-year wage adjustment providing for es­ found that benefit packages were compara- agency" the following: "and the Govem­ sentially a 5-percent wage increase the first b.le. The Publi.c Printer also sta~ed that the ment Printing Office". year and cost-of-living increase capped at 5 fll"St alternative recommendation of the (c) Section 5349 of such title is amended- percent for the next 2 years. GAO-an independent GPO private sector (1) in the first sentence of subsection (a), After providing this background informa­ wage survey-was unworkable based upon by striking out "the Government Printing tion on GPO and Federal pay systems, the past failures to agree on such surveys by Office,"; and GAO then analyzed in detail the actual GPO ~ana~em~nt ~d labor. <2> in subsection . by striking out", sec- duties performed by GPO employees. GPO ~ umo~ mam. co.ncern was that the tion 305 of Title 44," GAO's auditors reviewed 21 jobs in 9 occu­ ~AO did not mclude ~ its, report ~ analy- SEC. 4. (a) Any employee of the Govem­ pational categories, including photocomposi­ SlS o~ the 1982 Fact Finders conclusions re- ment Printing Office who, upon enactment tion keyboard operator and related employ­ gardmg the nature of the work p~rf~rmed of this Act, holds a position the rate of basic ees of Title 44, United drivers). These duties were then compared co:r:igre~ional request. Further, t?e uruons States Code; and with the actual duties performed by em­ mamtamed that because the GPO s 40 hoU: <2> upon such enactment, is reduced be­ ployees at the other seven Federal agenices workweek was 1.5 hour:> longer ~han the pri- cause of any amendment made by this Act· which GAO reviewed shall not apply to any these Federal agencies perform work which tored into the hourly rates used for compar- employee who- the GAO found to be "more demanding, ison. The GAO also acknowleged that the <1> has a break in service of one workday critical, and precise than the printing work concept of comparability had not always or more; generally performed by GPO." In addition, been fulfilled in the FWS and General <2> is demoted for disciplinary reasons or all of GPO's field printing plants were Schedule systems because of the "pay caps" at the employee's request; or found to have certain jobs which were com­ imposed by the President or Congress. (3) upon or after the enactment of this parable to those performed in GPO's cen­ Lastly, GAO rejected the unions' claim that Act, is placed in a position the rate of basi~ tral office, although the field employees are the adoption of the FWS pay scales by GPO pay for which- paid under the General Schedule or FWS would make GPO workers less productive. is equal to, or higher than, the rate pay systems. The Chairman of the JCP founded his otherwise applicable under subsection ; With this detailed and exhaustive infor­ comments upon the Fact Finder's report as or mation as a foundation, GAO issued its con­ well. The Chairman cited the Fact Finder's immediately before such enactment, is clusions detailed at the beginning of this contention that it was important to consider a rate not determined by conference or Summary. The primary findings of GAO that the GPO is much larger than any appeal under section 305 of Title 44, were: other Federal Printing facility when analyz- United States Code. "GPO employees who collectively bargain ing GPO wage levels. The GAO auditors, SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS for wages at the Washington central office however, found size of the total facility to are paid more than their Federal and pri­ be irrelevant when examining, as it had Section 1.-Be it enacted by the Senate vate sector counterparts. Also, over the last done, the knowledge, skills, and abilities and the House of Representatives of the 10 years, GPO's central office printing craft, needed to operate a single press or other United States of America in Congress assem­ maintenance craft, and printing plant work­ piece of machinery. In addition, GAO noted bled, That this Act may be cited as the ers have received cumulative percentage pay that although some other facilities had "Government Printing Office Pay Reform increases substantially larger than those fewer varieties of presses than GPO, many Act of 1983". granted General Schedule counterparts and of the press operators in federal agencies Analysis.-This Act is entitled the "Gov­ somewhat larger than those granted FWS had to do more difficult five color work, as ernment Printing Office Pay Reform Act of counterparts doing similar work. In addi­ opposed to the easier single-color work per­ 1983". It is the first substantive wage legis­ tion, GPO's premium pay for shift differen­ formed at GPO. Certain other factors con­ lation altering the manner in which wages tials and holiday work is higher than that sidered by the Fact Finder, such as produc­ are established at the GPO since the Kiess paid to other Federal and private sector em­ tion requirements, hiring standards, and job Act of 1924. This Act is truly "reform" legis­ ployees. Furthermore, GPO's primary pressures were found by GAO to be difficult lation in that it will promote the principles fringe benefits are the same as those grant­ to quantify and compare. Many of these fac­ of equal pay and government economy, ed most other Federal employees and are tors, however, were found to be roughly while reforming the bizarre wage-fixing sys­ comparable to those typically available in equivalent, if not more demanding, in cer­ tems now employed at the GPO. the private sector." tain of the other federal printing plants sur­ Section 2.-Section 305(a) of Title 44, After comparing the wages paid workers veyed. United States Code, is amended to read as at GPO and other Federal Printing facili­ follows: ties, GAO found that: H.R. 3302 "(a) The Public Printer may employ such GPO compositors receive 58 percent more A bill to provide for administration of pay persons as are necessary for the work of the than their counterparts in other Federal of new Government Printing Office em­ Government Printing Office. He may not agencies. ployees under the prevailing rate system employ more persons than the necessities of GPO offset strippers and platemakers re­ and the General Schedule, while protect­ the public work require." ceived 52 percent more. ing the pay of present Government Print­ Analysis.-This section will replace the ex­ GPO maintenance craft workers received ing Office employees isting section 305 of Title 44, which now 46 percent more. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of provides for the setting of rates of wages for GPO bindery equipment operators re­ Representatives of the United States of GPO's craft and industrial workers by ceived 43 percent more. America in Congress assembled, That this means of conferences between the Public June 14, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15777 Printer and representatives of groups of at tive agency" the following: "and the Gov­ Section 4.-(a) Any employee of the Gov­ least ten of those GPO workers. If the par­ ernment Printing Office". ernment Printing Office who, upon enact­ ties agree to a rate of wage, the Joint Com­ Analysis.-This proposed section serves to ment of this Act, holds a position the rate of mittee on Printing reviews the agreement; bring the GPO within the Federal Wage basic pay for which- whereas, if the parties cannot agree, the (prevailing rate) System for the purpose of <1) Immediately before such enactment, is Joint Committee on Printing sets the wage grading and pay GPO's newly hired craft a rate determined by conference or appeal rates. The rates of wages so adjusted cannot and industrial workers. Workers in positions under section 305(a) of Title 44, United be changed more than once a year. The ex­ previously covered by the Kiess Act will be States Codes; and isting section 305 also provides the Public graded under the Federal Wage System al­ (2) Upon such enactment, is reduced be­ Printer with the authority to employ cer­ though their wages will be "grandfathered." cause of any amendment made by this Act; tain classes of workers and others necessary The Federal Wage System