THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE

www.lrta.org www.tautonline.com

JUNE 2019 No. 978 improving an icon

Prague: Expanding one of the world’s great tramway networks Canberra: Australia’s newest tramway Toronto confirms investment plans Report calls for Glasgow metro growth

Driver aids Schöneiche £4.60 Technologies to Berlin’s metre-gauge promote LRT safety gains step-free access

CONTENTS The official journal of the Light Rail Transit Association JUNE 2019 Vol. 82 No. 978 www.tautonline.com EDITORIAL Editor – Simon Johnston [email protected] Associate Editor – Tony Streeter 214 [email protected] Worldwide Editor – Michael Taplin [email protected] 236 News Editor – John Symons [email protected] Senior Contributor – Neil Pulling Worldwide Contributors Tony Bailey, Richard Felski, Ed Havens, Andrew Moglestue, Paul Nicholson, Herbert Pence, Mike Russell, Nikolai Semyonov, Alain Senut, Vic Simons, Witold Urbanowicz, Bill Vigrass, Francis Wagner, Thomas Wagner, Philip Webb, Rick Wilson 223 Production – Lanna Blyth Tel: +44 (0)1733 367604 [email protected] News 204 SYSTEMS FACTFILE: PRAGUE 223 Canberra’s tramway opens; Waterloo – The Czech city that created one of the most DESIGN – Debbie Nolan Kitchener enters final preparation phase; numerous tram types also has one of the Advertising Toronto transit expansion confirmed; Muni world’s great systems. Neil Pulling reports. COMMERCIAL Manager – Geoff Butler Tel: +44 (0)1733 367610 postpones payments over LRV safety issues; [email protected] Glasgow’s GBP10bn urban rail plan. WORLDWIDE REVIEW 230 Publisher – Matt Johnston Aarhus completes the final phase of its comment 208 tram-train service to Grenaa; Caen tramway Tramways & Urban Transit Transport Minister Jesse Norman on the role opening brought forward to July; Hong Kong 13 Orton Enterprise Centre, Bakewell Road, Peterborough PE2 6XU, UK of light rail for UK towns and cities. Peak Tram closes for renovation; Karlsruhe route 2 extension work begins; Investment Tramways & Urban Transit is published by Mainspring driver assistance systems 210 saves Messina tramway; Turkey plans metro on behalf of the LRTA on the third Friday of each month preceding the cover date. TAUT examines how technology interacts under the Bosporus; Phoenix South Central with human factors to improve safety. extension gains engineering approval.

STOCKHOLM: urban rail – part 2 214 MAILBOX 235 Exploring the latest surface and below How would autonomous trams deal with PRINT AND DISTRIBUTION ground developments in Sweden’s capital. crowds?; Thoughts on segregation and Warners (Midlands), Bourne, Lincs PE10 9PH, UK safety; Does the UK really need ‘new ideas’? LRTA MEMBERSHIP (with TAUT subscription) Artics roll in SCHöNEICHE 219 Tramways & Urban Transit is sent free to all paid-up Tony Streeter examines how the drive to CLASSICS: SCHöNBERGER Strand 236 members of the Light Rail Transit Association. offer barrier-free transport has brought low- Mike Russell visits one of Germany’s few LRTA WEBSITE AND DIARY floor trams to this German metre-gauge line. ‘free standing’ tramway museums. Brian Lomas [email protected] [email protected] Subscriptions, MEMBERSHIP and back issues Clarity, caution and managing expectations LRTA Membership Secretary (Dept T06), 38 Wolseley “There is no such thing as an easy shortcut. It’s supposed to be a challenge; Road, Sale M33 7AU, UK. Tel: +44 (0)117 951 7785 if it was easy, it would just be the way.” Although this phrase came from [email protected] Website: www.lrta.info a largely forgettable road movie from about 20 years ago, it has always for CORPORATE Subscriptions VISIT stuck with me – and it never rings more true than when you consider the www.mainspring.co.uk challenges of complex urban transport schemes. LRTA REGISTERED OFFICE Every month we carry news of delays to new projects and major extensions. These are 138 Radnor Avenue, Welling DA16 2BY, UK. rarely the fault of the base technology of steel wheel-on-steel rail, but more often come Private company limited by guarantee, No. 5072319 from over-ambitious predictions by those who perhaps don’t fully grasp the intricacies in England and Wales. of delivering multi-disciplinary projects, or over-zealous commitments from contractors LRTA Chairman – Paul Rowen and suppliers aiming to close the deal. [email protected] It’s about tempering ambition with realism. These statements are not aimed at stifling © LRTA 2019 creativity or not applying new thinking – we can always improve – they are about Articles are submitted on the understanding they may also being brutally honest about the likely challenges ahead. It’s always better to manage later be used on our websites or other media. A contribution expectations, get it right first time and leave a legacy of trust, than make promises you is accepted on the basis that its author is responsible for the can’t keep and leave that lingering feeling of disappointment. Miss multiple deadlines opinions expressed in it, and such opinions are not those of the LRTA or Mainspring. All rights reserved. and any promoter will tell you that it can take years to win back that trust. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in There is always the temptation to feel that technology can solve all of our problems, any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including and while it plays an important role, we have to remember that our industry is still very photocopying, recording or by any information storage and much about people. A number of the latest crop of projects tout ‘ground-breaking’ new retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from solutions to make construction and delivery cheaper and faster. Yet many are still to be the copyright owner. Multiple copying of the contents of the proven in the real world, and some haven’t even reached the prototype stage! magazine without prior written approval is not permitted. LRT projects are investments in the future. Adding six months to the schedule at the COVER: Škoda 15T4 9395 leaving Chaplinovo start is nothing for something that will be there for 50 years. Simon Johnston, Editor náměstí on 8 August 2018. N. Pulling

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 203 News Canberra Metro opens to passengers Australia’s Federal capital welcomes the country’s second new tramway in three months

he second new tramline build, operate and maintain to open in Australia this the line until 2039. The ACT year started carrying Government is contributing passengers in the federal AUD76m (EUR47.6m) towards the capitalT of Canberra at 08.00 on AUD707m (EUR442.6m) project. 20 April. An opening ceremony Works began in late 2016, and was carried out by Australian the first test runs were made in Capital Territory Chief Minister June 2018; 450 trees were removed Andrew Barr and Minister for as construction progressed, Transport Canberra and City but 1200 new trees have been Services, Meegan Fitzharris at the planted as replacements. CAF outer terminus in Gungahlin. has supplied 14 33m five-section Final accreditation for the tram double-ended Urbos 3 trams, did not arrive until 17 April. each with 66 seats, with the first There was an Easter weekend of arriving at Mitchell depot and free travel for local residents. control centre in December 2017. Ten trams were in service DB is the operator, with on the first day, running 130 service 06.00-23.30 on Monday- trips and carrying about 25 000 Thursday, 06.00-01.00 on Friday/ people, who also consumed 8500 Saturday and 08.00-23.30 on free sausages. Revised bus lines Sunday. The end-to-end journey to form an integrated network time is 23-24 minutes with peak CAF tram 006 at Alinga Street on opening day, 20 April. Canberra Metro started on 29 April, with a month headways of six minutes. of free travel on trams and buses. northern suburb of Gungahlin project fell to the new Transport The consortium has been asked With the start of revenue (Gungahlin Place). New Canberra organisation from to develop plans for a 3.2km service, most passengers regulations giving trams priority 1 July 2016. After considering (two-mile) extension south to are expected to use MyWay along the line have been in force four expressions of interest, and Russell that would use wire-free smartcards, which include a since 1 March. the outcome of two Request technology through State Square 90-minute free transfer period. Construction of the line for Proposal submissions, the in the city’s federal complex. The cash fare is AUD5 (EUR3.10), came as a result of the outcome Canberra Metro Consortium This would be the first stage of or AUD9.60 (EUR6) for a day of the 2012 elections, when (Pacific Partnerships, Mitsubishi, an 11km (6.8-mile) extension ticket on the tram and bus Labour required Green party John Holland, CAF, Deutsche to Woden, and it is hoped that network. The 12km (7.5-mile) support to form a government Bahn (DB), Aberdeen Asset works could begin later this year. standard-gauge line links for the ACT. A business case Management and Leighton Northbourne Ave/Aliga St in was approved in September Contractors) was awarded a For more on Canberra’s new light the city centre (Civic) with the 2014 and responsibility for the PPP contract to design, finance, rail service, see TAUT 978.

Khon Kaen’s PPP light Public backs trams for Sutton The option of a new extension The highest number (65%) to the tramway system in supported a link between rail plan launched south London (UK) has gained Wimbledon and Sutton via The Thai Government has The projected cost for significantly higher support than Morden Road, with 55% approved proposals for a the so-called Red line is Bus Rapid Transit for the ‘Sutton supporting Colliers Wood – 22.6km (14.4-mile) light rail estimated at THB15bn Link’ proposed by Transport Sutton, and 49% an alternative route in the north-eastern (EUR420m), with a THB4.5bn for London. Almost 6000 Wimbledon – Sutton plan via city of Khon Kaen (population (EUR125m) contribution responses were made to a public Morden South. While 40% 120 000). The north-south from the five municipalities consultation held between supported BRT, the equivalent for route is to include 18 stops, and the balance sought from October and January, with 86% a tramway was 81%. A decision is including one in the grounds international investment supporting the scheme. to be made later in 2019. of the city’s university, and funds – negotiations are will primarily run along the reportedly underway with median of Mittraphap Road, potential partners from the main highway corridor China, Europe and the US. across the city. KKTS hopes that passenger Main construction is to operations can begin in begin in late 2019, led by the 2021-22. This is the first in an Khon Kaen Transit System Co envisaged five-route network, (KKTS) which was established with the other four lines in March 2017 with THB5m already in the planning stages. (EUR140 000) in capital from The model is being studied the five municipalities. The closely by 14 other cities with KKTS has been formed by the the belief that it can serve politically-neutral Khon Kaen as a template for reducing Think Tank which comprises a emissions and removing group of 20 local entrpreneurs, congestion as part of wider business owners, politicians urban public transport Variobahn 2559 at Belgrave Walk, which would be used for the proposed Colliers and academics. projects. Wood option for expanding the south London system. Neil Pulling

204 / june 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Waterloo – Kitchener LRT scheme enters final preparation phase Passenger operations due to begin within weeks on the delayed Ontario tramway system

itchener is a city in several postponements have the municipality of resulted, due to late delivery and Waterloo, southern commissioning of the 14 Flexity Ontario, Canada (the Freedom LRVs ordered from Kcity was called Berlin from 1854 Bombardier in July 2013. until 1916). The metropolitan The CAD92.4m (EUR61.2m) area, including Waterloo to the order was for cars 501-14 to be north and Cambridge to the south built at Thunder Bay, but with has a population of 742 000. that plant struggling to deliver As TAUT went to press, an 204 similar trams to Toronto, announcement of an opening date production was switched to for the new Ion light rail line was Kingston. The first arrived in imminent, with services probably February 2017 and started testing starting in late May or early June. in May. Delivery of all 14 to the Plans for light rail were operations centre and depot at approved in 2009, serving Dutton Drive in Waterloo was not Waterloo and neighbouring completed until December 2018. Kitchener, with Bus Rapid Transit Service will be provided 05.00- continuing to Cambridge. 01.00 with an eight-minute Construction of the 19km headway at peak periods and Bombardier Flexity Freedom 505 on test in October 2018. KevinT / CC-BY 2.0 (11.8-mile) light rail line from 10-15 minutes at other times. Conestoga Mall in Waterloo The fare system is integrated There are phase two plans on this significant extension is to Fairway Park mall in south with the region’s bus network. to extend the line through unlikely to start until 2025. Kitchener started in August Freight trains use a portion of the redevelopment zones to 2014, with a target of carrying line in Waterloo (Caroline St – Cambridge, with an option for For more detail on the ION light passengers in late 2017. However Northfield Drive) at night. 14 more LRVs, but construction rail project, see TAUT 966.

Jerusalem operator drops LA Mayor’s “Green New Deal”

On 29 April Los Angeles Mayor The report claims LA residents bid over tender demands Eric Garcetti launched a “Green drive 24km (15 miles) per day on Citipass, the operator of security incidents that have New Deal” with an aim of average; Mr Garcetti’s plan calls Jerusalem’s successful light resulted in damaged and delayed reducing car mileage by 39% for that to fall by at least 13% rail system since its opening trains on the existing line. by 2035, saying: “With flames by 2025 and 45% by 2050. He in 2011, has announced that The company says its contract on our hillsides and floods in has reiterated a plan to deliver it is to withdraw from the with the state did not prevent our streets, cities cannot wait 28 projects by 2028, including current tender process for the it from losses incurred during another moment to confront light rail and metro expansion, expanding system, citing what such events and it is understood the climate crisis.” and congestion pricing. it calls “unreasonable and that the new tender contains disproportionate” demands in fewer protections. the new tender’s conditions. After the state exercised Tel Aviv’s first ‘bomb-proof’ LRV unveiled by CRRC The 14km (8.7-mile) Red line its option to ‘buy back’ the The first of 90 low-floor (Pisgat Ze’ev – Mount Herzl) Red line from Citipass, the air-conditioned trams was Israel’s first light rail system country’s Finance Ministry says for Tel Aviv’s Red line (Israel) was unveiled and after the current extensions it has learned from the previous at the CRRC plant in it will connect Hadassah Ein arrangements which encouraged Changchun, China, on Kerem hospital and run north the concessionarie to collect 15 April, and should be to Neve Yaakov. The new tender more revenue from passengers, delivered in September. includes the construction of a giving rise to complaints about The design features 19km (12-mile) Green line from aggressive ticketing enforcement a number of unique Har Gilo to Gilo and to Malha, policies. The new franchise elements that take into plus a new depot and operations holder will be paid by kilometres account the strict safety centre, as well as operation of travelled, not the number demands of Israel’s CRRC security forces. These NEWS IN PICTURES both lines. of passengers, and will have include a curved roof Citipass said its decision to an incentive to increase the profile, blast-resistant windows and a non-magnetic floor. The strengthened withdraw is due to the level of frequency of trains. driver’s cabs are designed to resist incursion from intruders for at least three risk transfer placed on the At least three international minutes. Extensive use of composite materials brings down the vehicles’ future operator by the new consortia are believed to be overall weight to increase energy efficiency. tender conditions, some of planning to participate in the NTA holds an option with CRRC for a further 30 trams; the manufacturer which related to “issues that tender, partnering major rolling also has a separate 16-year maintenance agreement. The 24km (15-mile) Red are not under the operator’s stock manufacturers with local line is planned to begin passenger service in October 2021. control”. In statements to local construction companies and For more detail on Tel Aviv’s ambitious light rail plans, see TAUT 975. media, it listed a number of European operator groups.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org june 2019 / 205 News Toronto transit expansion confirmed Funding for major schemes agreed as city and province seek agreement over ownership

GO Train to GO Train to Gormley/ GO Train to Yonge – University line Allandale Richmond Hill Lincolnville/Stouffville Waterfront/Barrie Bloor – Danforth line A Sheppard line Langstaff/ Eglinton line Vaughan Richmond Metropolitan Hill Centre GO Train commuter lines Centre

Finch West

G Downsview Finch Humber Park GO Train to College Kitchener E B Leslie Sheppard- McCowan Yonge Don Mills F Ontario Steeles GO Train Mount Science to Oshawa/ D Dennis Cedarvale Eglinton Centre Kennedy Bowmanville Pearson Caledonia Airport

Spadina Dundas Bloor- Main Kipling West Yonge Pape Street

Bloor St George Cooksville Danforth Gerrard GO Train Osgoode Queen to Milton Ontario Place/ Port Credit Exhibition C

Union E Sheppard East extension GO Train to A Yonge North subway extension C Ontario line F Hurontario LRT Hamilton/ Niagara Falls B Scarborough subway extension D Eglinton West extension G Finch West LRT

A map showing the planned transit expansion in Toronto. TAUT / Steve Munro

n 10 April A fourth heavy rapid The Ontario line will use transit projects in the region. provincial funding transit line that will connect unspecified technology (smaller The Globe and Mail reports that of CAD11.2bn Exhibition GO Transit station trains are referred to, leading the move has angered many (EUR7.4bn) was with Ontario Science Centre some to suggest a SkyTrain-type within the city council as talks Oannounced towards the (offering interchange with light metro is planned) and continue about the ‘uploading’ implementation of transit Eglinton Crosstown) would cost replaces the previously planned arrangement for the city’s projects in Ontario’s largest city. CAD10.9bn (EUR7.2bn), and Downtown Relief line. It is subway, suggesting that the Subway line 1 is to be carry 400 000 passengers/day. important to note that this is legislation lays the groundwork extended north from Finch The projects are expected to be essentially a province-inspired for such a move. to Richmond Hill at a cost of completed in the period 2027-31. plan rather than one devised by The Progressive Conservatives’ CAD5.6bn (EUR3.7bn); line 2 The three-stop version Toronto and the TTC. In the 2018 election manifesto included will be extended north-east to of the subway extension to background is Ontario’s a promise to take responsibility McCowan at a cost of CAD5.5bn Scarborough and McCowan will aspiration to take ownership of for the city’s subway while (EUR3.65bn); and line 4 will involve replacement of the the subway system from the city/ leaving operations with the be extended east to McCowan, partly elevated and automated TTC by 2021 (see below). Toronto Transit Commission. although this is still uncosted. 6.4km (four-mile) Scarborough The Ontario Government plan The new administration argues The Eglinton Crosstown light RT line, which dates from 1985, is silent on the city’s Waterfront that this eases the path to rail line will be extended west to whose linear induction motor- Transit tramway project. funding future projects due to Pearson Airport, a project costing powered rolling stock is rapidly the way the province amortises CAD4.7bn (EUR3.1bn) as approaching the end of its life. As TAUT went to press, new debt, while critics have said it it involves significant It now appears that the stock legislation was set to give the will lead to privatisation and underground sections, by 2031. will have to carry on until 2026. province authority over new breaking the system apart. Paris to undertake 24-hour urban rail trials On 13 April Ile-de-France The trials will take place on and some bus frequencies tourism and entertainment President Valérie Pécresse metro lines 1, 2, 5, 6, 9 and 14 will be increased to provide industries. RATP’s contract announced that all-night and tramlines T2, T3a, T3b for additional connections. calls for it to run 24-hour operation is to be trialled on one weekend per month, with Ms Pécresse claims the services five times per year, so six metro and three tramlines services running from 05.30 on measures are intended to local politicians are to begin in Paris between 14 September Saturday to 00.30 on Monday. boost nightlife in the city as negotiations with the city 2019 and 7 March 2020. Not all stations will be served, a response to pleas from the transport operator on 16 May.

206 / june 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org CRRC sets up vehicle Muni postpones payments leasing division Chinese rolling stock builder CRRC and Tianjin Trust Co. have launched a rolling stock over issues with S200 LRVs leasing subsidiary with the aim of expanding the manufacturer’s export ambitions. USD62m for new vehicles withheld by transportation authority CRRC Financial Leasing Co. is registered in Tianjin, with an initial capital of CNY3bn (GBP400m); he USD1.1bn rollout its target sectors are trams and of Siemens S200 LRVs metro vehicles, as well as high- for San Francisco’s speed trainsets, high-power Municipal Railway hit locomotives and wagons. Ta stumbling block on 24 April as the commissioners of the TTC reaches agreement Transportation Authority board with Bombardier The Toronto Transit Commission decided to withhold USD62m for and Bombardier have reached more vehicles. The move follows an agreement on a financial the raising of concerns about the settlement for the late delivery of new fleet. trams, but the details of the deal The latest incident saw a are being kept out of the public woman’s hand trapped in a domain for reasons of commercial closing door, with the passenger confidentiality. Local media then dragged by the departing reports speculate a figure around CAD30m (EUR20m). vehicle and requiring hospital Bombardier says it will have all treatment. This is the latest 204 cars on TTC property by late of four similar reported cases. Muni’s new Siemens LRVs operating as a coupled set in December 2018. December; 4540 and 4574 are the Muni should have had 68 cars R. Leong / CC BY-NC 2.0- latest deliveries (late April) in service by this summer, but In other news, the city has voted by late April with 50 nominally door sensors are resolved so that The authority ordered 60 S200 to make the King Street tramway accepted, only 20-30 could be drivers can concentrate on the LRVs in September 2013, with the priority pilot project permanent. used in service each day. centre and front doors. first delivered in January 2016. Denver opens G line The operation of coupled On 26 April the Muni Metro The order was later increased to The G line 11.5km (7.1-mile) sets has been stopped after the Market Street subway was closed 175, and subsequently expanded commuter rail line from Union discovery of broken shear pins in the evening peak because of to 215 vehicles to permit Station to Arvada and Wheat Ridge in the couplers. Cars are also a faulty LRV on the J Church replacement of the existing in Colorado (US) opened on 26 out of service with wheel flats and a stalled train on the N line. fleet of Breda-built trams dating April after over two years of delays after skidding during emergency A consultant has been employed from the late 1990s, as well as related to crossing gate software. The 3.7km (2.3-mile) brake applications. The rear to review safety issues and providing extra stock for the south-eastern light rail extension doors on both sides of every LRV Muni is working closely with T Line Central Subway project to Lone Tree for lines E, F and R was th have been locked out of service the manufacturer to resolve the running under 4 and Stockton due to open on 19 May. until design issues with the problems. streets to Chinatown. Commission calls for GBP10bn Glasgow urban rail plan A report by the Glasgow Street with Glasgow Airport, well as tram-train, the latter of (EUR11.65bn) plan include Connectivity Commission the report recommends, and be which has fallen out of favour reconstructing Glasgow – established by the UK “capable of being extended to due to rail capacity constraints. Central to be able to city’s council in 2017 – has the city centre along the South The Connecting Glasgow report accommodate High Speed 2 recommended a comprehensive Clyde Growth Corridor as a full argues that the link should be trains, and building a metro system that could Glasgow Metro line.” completed by 2025. cross-city tunnel between include parts of the existing This view means Ultimately, the metro could Central and Queen Street rail system, reopened sections, autonomous pods would not provide a web of new lines stations. The report also new route, and street-running. be appropriate – but rather radiating from the centre to includes suggestions for It is likely that different either an automatic metro or destinations such as Easterhouse, the rebuilding of roads, the technologies would be used for segregated/street-running Bishopbriggs and the M77 development of cycle networks, different routes. LRT. Previous proposals for motorway south of the city. introducing bus priority The first route to be built the airport link have included Other recommended measures, and bringing vacant should connect Paisley Gilmour Personal Rapid Transit pods as projects under the GBP10bn land back into use.

NEWS IN PICTURES Stadler delivers first new Glasgow Subway train The first new Glasgow Subway train arrived at the The trains are part of a GBP288m (EUR323m) system’s Broomloan depot in early May. Testing by modernisation programme, which includes full manufacturer Stadler will now begin while work refurbishment of the Subway’s 15 stations and a continues to install the CBTC systems necessary for complete overhaul of the Victorian tunnel system, the trains to run in passenger service. A further two tracks and power systems. trains are due to arrive before the end of the summer. The Scottish Government has committed Although the 39.24m walk-through trains are GBP246m (EUR276m) towards the programme. designed for full automatic operation, a temporary The Subway carried 12.7m passengers in 2017-18. partition that creates a driver’s cab is in place for initial passenger service before the full transition to For more on the modernisation of the Glasgow (GoA4) UTO. Subway, see TAUT 971. SPT

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org june 2019 / 207 Comment LIGHT RAIL’s role in our CHANGING TOWNS AND CITIES Minister of State for Transport Jesse Norman MP outlines the UK Government’s latest ‘Call for Evidence’ on transforming urban mobility.

s the Minister with responsibility for local transport, learn from the experience of other countries, and I hope we will including light rail and other forms of urban transit see that experience reflected in the consultation responses. outside London, I am focused on how we can build Another important element is the need to look at how we can a modern and sustainable local transport system build industrial capacity in the UK. This will form an important that will help connect our communities, support our part of our work on the Future of Mobility Grand Challenge and economyA and protect our environment. on ‘smart places’, which considers the use, value and deployment Mobility is changing, and at a rapid pace. Social and economic of emerging transport technologies and services. trends are influencing people’s behaviour and attitudes and the The Call for Evidence also highlights the opportunities for new digital revolution, the growth of smart cities and places, and a types of rapid transit to benefit local economies sustainably across greater emphasis on sustainability and environmentally-friendly the UK. Solutions such as Very Light Rail, Ultra Light Rail, Personal ways of travel all create new challenges and opportunities. and Group Rapid Transit or Autonomous Guideway Networks, as There are currently eight light rail systems operating in England well as concepts such as trackless trams may all have a part to play and National Statistics prove that these forms of transport are so we want to hear from their developers and promoters. popular, with more than 267m passenger journeys made in Public transport and a wide range of mobility options are crucial 2017-18. Indeed, 3% of all transport journeys in England are parts of a modern transport system, which must exist side-by-side made on a light rail system and all eight and be supplemented by intelligently- networks have been supported by public linked information and innovative funding. The Government has also made services. Travel support systems will significant investments in recent years to also aid passengers in selecting modes of extend existing systems, including those transport, guide them on optimal fares in Nottingham, Greater Manchester and and signpost alternative services in the the West Midlands. event of disruption or delays. Operators Over the next few years, however, we will be able to reach more passengers will see radical changes to the mobility through the selective dissemination of services offered in our towns and cities. data, information and advertising. I believe that light rail and new forms of We also want the sector and others to rapid transit solutions can continue to consider a more cross-modal approach to play a very useful role – and I would like to the provision of local transport services see that role expanded. in our conurbations, and how they can This is why in February the Department link with new developments and tie published a ‘Call for Evidence’ to invite leisure, housing and workplaces together. views on how the Government and “I am focused on how we That means neighbourhoods themselves the private sector can work together to becoming destinations with low harness the opportunities for light rail can build a modern and congestion, and attractive and greener and other rapid transit systems. We also urban environments that offer a higher want to consider how we can build our sustainable local transport quality of life. This has the added value of manufacturing and engineering capacity attracting inward investment and growth. for a new generation of systems in the system to connect our Evidence and research to date UK, in line with the Government’s demonstrates that effective public Industrial Strategy. communities, support our transport can alleviate the challenges We want this Call for Evidence to posed by rapid urbanisation, leading act as a stimulus for new ideas, and as a economy and protect our to more liveable and sustainable means to gather input from a wide range environment.” communities. These types of initiatives of stakeholders – including readers of have the potential to stimulate Tramways & Urban Transit. We want to investment – such as urban renewal hear what they think, and what you think, about the scale of the projects and residential and commercial development – often in opportunity for light rail and similar rapid transit solutions and how areas that were previously inaccessible or unviable. They can also we can build on the success of existing systems and technologies. help to link to wider transport modes through integrated hubs. That is why the time is now right for us to consider how such The longevity, durability and branding appeal of this type of systems could be incorporated into the transport networks of the infrastructure sends a positive message to planners and developers, future, and how they will help to complement and integrate with making such areas vibrant and attractive places to work and live. new modes and trends. That means autonomous vehicles, car- There is clear scope for our towns and cities to leverage greater and bike-sharing and initiatives that offer Mobility As A Service, private sector participation, including funding, and to adopt in addition to rail, buses, cycling and walking. We also want to financing models which take into account new developments. ensure that we build not only on successes here in the UK, but We hugely welcome the interest of Tramways & Urban Transit around the world also. What can we learn from other systems? readers – I look forward to receiving your responses! I have been fortunate enough to see light rail in action overseas. For further details on the UK Department for Transport’s Call Last year I visited the French cities of Besançon and Lyon, and for Evidence, visit www.gov.uk/government/consultations/light-rail- it was fascinating to see two successful systems interacting very and-other-rapid-transit-solutions-in-cities-and-towns-call-for-evidence. effectively with the other transport modes. There is much we can The closing date for submissions is 19 May 2019.

208 / JUNE 2018 www.tautonline.com . www.Irta.org CREATING ‘SEEING’ LRVs

ombardier Transportation and its research partners at AIT (Austrian Institute of Technology) and ME (Mission Embedded) have developed a vision-based driver B assistance system specifically for urban Light Rail Vehicles. The base technology for this suite of tools comprises optical cameras and onboard intelligence to scan the area ahead of the vehicle, identify potential collision hazards and alert the driver. Further software such as track recognition, network positioning and information on special landmarks (speed limits, for example) is included. The technology works in all conditions (day- or night-time, rain and snow) as well as in mixed traffic in crowded city streets. It is the world’s only system to combine overspeed prevention with automated obstacle detection to assist the tram driver in increasing urban safety and reducing occurrences of accidents with either pedestrians or vehicles – including the consequential costs. How the ODAS system ‘sees’ and analyses the track ahead to identify potential hazards in a busy city centre environment. Bombardier ODAS (Obstacle Detection Assistance System) has been evaluated by five major European operators and 484 systems are in operation operation in commercial service by mid-2020. In the future, the today, 148 of which are in daily service in Frankfurt alone. technology will be able to integrate further functions such as Bombardier’s development strategy is to build upon the increased vehicle autonomy for automatic operation in depot. successful ODAS toolset and to progressively offer customers upgrades of the technology. Benefits of the system include: COMPAS (Collision and Overspeed Monitoring and Prevention • Driver support in critical situations Assistance System) combines overspeed and collision prevention, • Increased active safety for passengers, drivers, pedestrians, cyclists two of the most requested driver assistance functions today. • Reduced collision follow-up costs for operators COMPAS assists the driver and prevents the vehicle exceeding • Limited installation and interface allows easy retrofitment predefined speed limits while ensuring the driver remains in • Open to trigger various speed-reducing routines – in accordance control at all times. This new function provides enhanced safety, with the requirements and customer specifications especially against derailment and overturning. • Open to set actions based on customer parameters (curve speeds, COMPAS, introducing complementary functions using existing distances can be set to speed reduction measures etc) ODAS components, is currently being evaluated in Vienna • Independent of GPS-based technologies (including the and Blackpool and is expected to be granted authorisation for inaccuracy of the +/- 2m of conventional GNSS).

Reduce Time & Costs The design and implementation of urban and light rail networks in busy towns and cities presents signi cant engineering challenges. At the same time, the pressure to minimise disruption and cost has never been greater. Whether it’s for tram stops, pedestrian crossings, depots or complex crossovers and turnouts, our engineered solid rubber panels help you overcome your challenges faster and more cost-e ectively than other systems. Rosehill Rail – Setting New Standards For more information, or to enquire about training, please call the Rosehill Rail sales team on +44 (0)1422 317 473, or email [email protected]

19 – 20 June 2019 - Stand F7 Quinton Rail Technology Centre, Warwickshire

Road Crossings // Pedestrian Crossings // Tram Stops // Depots // Anti-Trespass

Rosehill Rail - TAUT Half page Ad_185x130mm_JUN2019.indd 1 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE30/04/2019 2019 / 08:53 209 Safety systems ENHANCING SAFETY TAUT examines the role of technology and human factors in improving passenger safety on urban tramway systems.

he UK experienced its first fatal accident involving tramway passengers in over 55 years in November 2016 when an early morning service on London’s TramlinkT came off the tracks, resulting in the deaths of seven passengers and injuries to 62 more. The Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) concluded in December 2017 that the likely cause was a ‘micro sleep’ as the driver of the 05.55 service from New Addington arrived at the sharp Sandilands curve at more than three times the posted speed limit, the tram leaving the rails and overturning. As a result, the RAIB made 15 recommendations with two related directly to excess speed and the responsibilities of the The job of a tram driver is not an easy one, with many complex tasks to remember and potential distractions – driver. Recommendation 3 asks the industry how can technology assist in making their lives easier while also maintaining safety? R. Wilson/TAUT to look closely at high-risk areas such as the transitions between high- and slower-speed As many modern trams and LRVs already desirable). The hardware is low maintenance, running, requesting operators, owners and feature sophisticated On-Train Monitoring robust and ‘fail safe’, although this comes at a infrastructure managers to “review, develop, Recorders (OTMR) that log large amounts higher capital cost as it necessitates significant and provide a programme for installing of data, such as speed and direction of investment in vehicle and trackside suitable measures to automatically reduce travel, this can be used as the basis for safety equipment and, in some instances, its own tram speeds if they approach higher risk enhancements such as those laid out in independent power supply. locations at speeds which could result in RAIB recommendation 3. Both offer driver alerts and reporting to the derailment or overturning.” GPS/GNSS solutions have greater flexibility system’s control centre, or designated remote Recommendation 4 calls for an investigation in terms of adding or amending speed staff, and can be further linked to a vehicle’s into solutions that can swiftly and reliably limitations quickly and easily (for example braking systems to reduce speed in the event detect driver inattention and take appropriate with temporary or emergency restrictions), of overspeed events. This could be applying action when such situations occur: “Such as well as other driver advisory functions the brakes in a progressive manner alongside responses might include an alarm to alert the such as Correct Side Door Enabling (CSDE). a warning until the tram is below the speed tram driver and/or the application of the tram They also require minimal supplementary restriction for modest infractions, or to bring brakes. The research and evaluation should onboard equipment, thus lowering cost and the vehicle to a complete halt if there is a include considering use of in-cab CCTV to speeding up installation and maintenance. more serious incident. facilitate the investigation of incidents.” The major weakness is that location accuracy Other scrutiny needs to be given to With technology to address both of GPS/GNSS in isolation is around ten how any incident data is to be transmitted recommendations already readily available, metres, but when this is augmented using securely – for example using the vehicle’s research has been undertaken by technology inputs from the tram’s onboard systems it can onboard Wi-Fi, or perhaps using an and human factors specialist Ian Rowe be improved to within one metre. additional GSM element. All these facets Associates on behalf of UKTram and the Another consideration is that such systems need to be factored in when assessing cost new Light Rail Safety Standards Board into generate huge amounts of data that needs to and suitability. how these systems work, their benefits and be stored securely, managed and analysed, drawbacks and how they could be applied requiring more sophisticated back office Inattention devices to diminish the chances of a similar event hardware and greater processing power. Operating any public transport vehicle can be happening again. The upside is that this wealth of information a stressful occupation, with many potential This initial research established two areas can be used for a range of other valuable distractions in environments that encompass for examination: AVSM (Automatic Vehicle purposes, such as driver efficiency busy streets and varied interactions with Speed Monitoring) and Driver Inattention monitoring and training, timetable efficiency other highway users, be they pedestrians, systems. There are many products in each of and ride quality improvements, predictive cyclists or drivers of other vehicles. these categories, with some addressing both. vehicle and maintenance management, Fatigue is one cause of reduced automatic door opening and closure and attentiveness that can be particularly AVSM traction power consumption. hazardous and although there are many There are two main types of AVSM solution: Balise-based solutions offer more causes of fatigue, the primary one is a lack of GPS/GNSS ‘digital’ systems and those established, and higher SIL-rated technology. sleep. There are also proven links between a involving infrastructure modifications and More common to heavy rail, they are lack of sleep and high blood pressure, obesity, additional equipment such as trackside balises. generally pared-back signalling systems diabetes and depression and workers who Both have their advantages and disadvantages and therefore give a platform for further sleep less than 7-8 hours in any given 24-hour and are worthy of exploration here. automation (if deemed necessary, or period are deemed to be at a higher risk of

210 / JUNE 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Bergen’s signalling and communications network of trackside and onboard MetroTenerife’s development of GPS technology linked to the onboard systems offers safety functionality such as CCTV that detects pedestrian ingress odometer detects vehicle overspeed, providing additional event logging data such into tunnels to warn the tram driver and control centre in real-time. Neil Pulling as time spent at stops and braking and acceleration performance. Mike Russell fatigue-related incidents. Sleep disorders and headgear. Although increasingly part of head more to look for potential hazards, and affect more and more people each year, and everyday life for consumers, their commercial the extra potential costs associated with many, such as sleep apnoea and restless leg use is limited – but this is growing. interfacing with vehicle systems to enable syndrome, go undiagnosed. These can play a While such personal devices have the brake application. There are also question major part in drowsiness and fatigue. obvious advantages of being relatively marks over whether some systems are as As cities move ever closer to 24-hour public inexpensive to purchase and simple to effective for drivers who wear sunglasses on transport services, there is a greater danger of configure, they also offer a number of bright days, and extra time may be needed to disrupted sleep patterns for drivers and other downsides. Eyewear needs to be tailored to calibrate some of the systems on the market operational staff and a build-up of ‘sleep debt’ fit the individual user, particularly if they to individual drivers. that can lead to tiredness-induced errors of require prescription spectacles. Earbuds The acceptance of such solutions by drivers judgement. As a consequence of shift rotation can be uncomfortable when worn for long should also be considered – for example, how patterns, the early hours of the morning are periods, as well as being impractical for those will the data be stored and used? Is the system seen to be the most vulnerable time of the with hearing aids. Hats and headgear also compatible with the work environment? day, closely followed by the mid-afternoon. offer potential impracticalities, especially in Is it an active or a passive monitoring system? Fatigue is not the only cause of inattention drivers’ cabs which are predominantly glass What is required therefore is an unobtrusive, of course and there are other states of degraded and get hot on summer days. early warning system that tracks the early performance to consider such as impairment Some such apparatus needs a consistent stages of fatigue or distraction; to achieve from alcohol or drugs etc; these are all very link to a mobile device, which could this, it needs to deliver information in real- serious issues, but the implementation of prove another distraction, and may need time and be easy to customise and configure vigilance/inattention devices may lead to separate batteries which means control and for individual network and driver needs. early detection of such states. management of charge. They could also be Task monitoring solutions rely on the As well as technological solutions, many easily misplaced or forgotten. driver performing a dynamic task within a of the risks associated with fatigue can be defined timescale to establish consciousness controlled through a proper Fatigue Risk “Managing the acceptance, – for example, employing controls such as the Management System (FRMS) in the same TBC, indicators or bell. This differs from a manner as other health and safety issues. or resistance to change, ‘Dead Man’s Switch’ where it may be possible An effective FRMS will benefit both the for the driver to lose consciousness while company and individual workers and should with such technology is a maintaining pressure on the switch. form part of the process when implementing Downsides may be that the addition of the any of the systems described here. principal challenge.” drivers’ workload forms another distraction, Nonetheless, as city environments resulting in false positives, and there is a become more complex and demanding The two other main approaches to risk of repetitive required tasks becoming a on the individual, systems that monitor monitoring inattention and fatigue are motor response. Unlike PERCLOS and facial the alertness and attentiveness of drivers therefore either Percentage of Eyelid Closure analysis systems, there is no provision to of all types of road vehicles have come to – known as PERCLOS – or facial analysis review camera footage for use in incident the forefront. These can be ‘native’ devices systems and Task Monitoring (e.g. Driver investigations without creating a hybrid and equipment developed specifically Safety Device (DSD) or Traction Brake system. However, as a more unobtrusive for transport, but also using technology Controller (TBC) movement) equipment. addition to the cab, task monitoring has a imported from other industries and areas of With these, when inattention is detected higher probability of driver acceptance. modern life. audible and visual alerts are given and/or Common factors for analysis when vibration of the drivers’ seat. As with AVSM, Human factors examining implementation include: some can also be configured to apply the The single biggest cause of transportation- • How is driver inattention detected? brakes if no action is taken after the initial related accidents is human error. While it is • How is the driver alerted? warning. obvious that no driver goes onto shift looking • If no remedial action is taken, can the PERCLOS and facial analysis use infrared to be involved in an accident, the main system intervene and apply a vehicle’s cameras to detect signs of fatigue such as ‘errors’ found in a 2016 study conducted by brakes if necessary? pupil size, blink rate and frequency and the US Department of Transportation were • Does the functionality exist to notify a head position. They are generally simple to a failure to operate equipment according to local control centre or other designated install and allow camera output to be stored safety protocols and mandated regulations, person in real-time? and reviewed in incident investigations. improper instructions from other crew • Does the system record data? The disadvantages are occurrences of false members and distraction/inattention. One simplified solution is the emergence of positive detection, for example in busy city So while full automation of tramway and ‘wearable’ tech such as wristbands and ear, eye centres where the driver has to turn their light rail operations may be some years away

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 211 Safety systems

(see panel, right), it is important to remember that all of the technology mentioned is WHAT ABOUT THE FUTURE? designed to support and assist operators and reduce risk, without removing overall control or safety responsibility. Therefore it is vital to consider a number of human factors in the implementation of any new safety-related technology that would affect either the cab or control centre: these include physical ergonomics, usability, conflicts with other equipment/alarms and task load. Managing the acceptance, or resistance to change, is a principal challenge, but if an appropriate solution is chosen and September 2018: An onboard display screen implemented well – with proven and shows Potsdam Combino 400 with the automatic easily demonstrable benefits – this should Environment drive function activated; a human driver is still become an easier ‘sell’ to those managing onboard the tram. TAUT day-to-day services. Once accepted, it is as continual development of speed still important to manage expectations As well regulation and driver inattention technology, and clarify responsibilities to ensure that solution is essential. When evaluating some manufacturers and operators are drivers do not come to rely on the system the options it is important to consider the taking significant steps with additional Driver and that procedures are put in place for if it following: Assistance Systems (DAS) . fails. This is where the importance of robust • Infrastructure and vehicle modification A notable example began with the partnership training and education regimes cannot be requirements between Hannover’s undertaking üstra and understated. • Practicalities of installation – time, Frankfurt-am-Main operator VGF in 2013. A joint complexity and cost pilot project evaluated the capabilities of systems Conclusions • Manufacturer install or retrofit using ‘stereo’ camera inputs and cameras with additional radar sensors to monitor the Technology in this area is developing at a • Data capture and usage distance between trams and objects in their rapid pace due to an increased interest in • Further intervention – what, when path. Onboard computers use these inputs to vehicle and systems automation globally – and how? evaluate the likelihood of a collision, triggering mainly from the automotive sector – so it is It is imperative to therefore remember than visual and audio warnings and, if no corrective important that any solution under review people are still the most important element in action is taken, automatic braking. Impressed is considered with this in mind. With new any transportation system, so any proposed with the effectiveness of the technology, VGF has solutions coming to market all the time, improvement must be assessed in accordance installed it on both its R type Düwag cars as well it is important to view the whole picture. with the common socio-technical model as its newer Bombardier S type trams. Similar technologies are being trialled around Added value is also something that needs (see diagram, above). Only then will we see the world, using a range of technologies and on to be closely factored in. Focusing purely the maximum benefits. different types of vehicles. Given the high annual on safety may lead to one set of conclusions costs of collisions on larger systems, it has been but, thinking more holistically, many of UKTram has recently undertaken an initial suggested that investments in retrofitting DAS the systems described here can provide review of a number of systems that address both could be paid back in as little as two years. valuable additional insight into both RAIB recommendations 3 and 4. The trade body Dubai’s tramway, opened in November 2014, vehicle and driver performance and for British Isles tramway and light rail systems is marked a world-first in the application of CBTC behaviour. Such insights can lead to taking this research to the laboratory trials stage for tramway use, providing many automated improved efficiency and inform planning, later this year. Find out more about UKTram’s functions. With long segregated sections and a desire for higher commercial speeds, an adapted design and procurement decisions, work at www.uktram.com version of the Urbalis system provides speed as well as enhancing safety. control and road crossing protection as well as The final conclusion is that there is no Grateful thanks are due to Ian Rowe of IRAL ensuring precise interlocking with the system’s ‘one size fits all’. Every network has its own and James Hammett of UKTram for their input platform screen doors. The tramway’s control characteristics, so the ability to tailor the into this article. centre receives feeds from more than 750 cameras along the line, allowing for supervision, communication and control of the tram service. Garnering further worldwide attention, in September 2018 Siemens announced its own ‘world first’ during the InnoTrans rail fair in Berlin. In partnership with Potsdam operator ViP, Combino 400 has been fitted with Lidar, radar and cameras, and took assembled media guests and VIPs over a 6km (3.7-mile) section of the network in real traffic – although without passengers. Advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) allows the tram to respond to signals, stop locations and hazards such as pedestrians, animals and other vehicles. The functionality exists to open and close doors in the future. Stopping to within a tolerance of 400-500mm of a pre-determined position each time, it is claimed the system’s advanced AI ‘brain’ will learn to make this even more precise with further use. Both manufacturer and operator were keen to stress that this is currently an R&D project only and that such technology would not lead to staff redundancies, instead allowing tramway staff to focus on passengers who require greater assistance, amongst other tasks. “Our priority is safety,” said ViP Managing Director Oliver Glaser. “Secondly, we think it will Metro do Porto has used metro-style signalling and PERCLOS and Facial Analysis systems use complex improve efficiency.” train control for many years. Neil Pulling algorithims to monitor a driver’s attention. Progress Rail

212 / JUNE 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org SIMOVE: SAFETY & EFFICIENCY IMOVE is an innovative driver assistance system that continuously and precisely monitors the speed and dynamic behaviour of rail vehicles, as well as the actions and activites Sof the driver. Developed by light rail operator Metrotenerife, as one of the few proven systems in service this technology has been evaluated in market surveys as one of the most effective in the avoidance of potentially dangerous situations produced by human error (such as overspeeding). Capable of alerting the driver of speed restrictions (either fixed or temporary) on any given section of route, if such speeds are exceeded the system initially raises visual and audible alerts. If these warnings are not acted upon, the system can be configured to act automatically to apply the vehicle’s emergency brakes. ABOVE: SIMOVE is simple to install and unobtrusive. SIMOVE is also a powerful tool for increasing operational RIGHT: An SMS notification of an overspeed incident. efficiency. First deployed in Tenerife (Metrotenerife) three years ago, it has also been proven in Madrid (MLO) and has helped to optimise delivered to any number of recipients – for example, via email, SMS timetabled service, improve drivers’ acceleration and braking or instant messaging. It can also be linked to third-party applications. characteristics and enhance commercial speeds. Further benefits related to predictive maintenance (such as monitoring wheel wear) Amongst the many benefits of the system are: have also been demonstrated. • Minimising risk and increases safety The system comprises two parts – onboard and back office – that • Enhancing driver supervision and informs training communicate wirelessly or via 3G/4G. The core of the system is based • Increasing operational efficiency upon GPS technology combined with the vehicles’ odometer for • Delivering proactive corrective measures to prevent incidents precise vehicle location, determining its direction, speed and distance • Requires only moderate investment travelled. The back office manages and stores this information for • Easy to install and does not infere with other onboard systems reporting and analysis. It is therefore easy to configure any of the • Easily customisable to each operator’s requirements system’s parameters according to an operator’s individual needs. It works in all areas (including tunnels, bridges, and built-up areas) Metrotenerife will demonstrate SIMOVE at the UITP Global and obtains and processes information ten times per second, making Public Transport Summit in Stockholm on 9-12 June. For further it extremely accurate. Reporting is fully customisable, and can be details, see www. metrotenerife.com/services-and-consultancy/

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www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 213 Stockholm

STOCKHOLM: PAST, PART 2 PRESENT AND FUTURE In the second part of our special focus on Sweden’s capital, this time we focus on expansion projects for the Tunnelbanan and commuter rail lines.

Kungsträdgården station with a C20 train in May 2014. The last of the current generation of rolling stock was delivered ten years before and this station, lying 34m below the streets of the capital, is noted for for its unique flora and fauna. Arild Vågen / CC-BY3.0 Stockholm

ABOVE: Odenplan, on the Tunnelbanan’s Green line, was reconfigured in 2017 Above: The first new Bombardier C30 train for the Tunnelbanan was delivered to connect with commuter rail services. The new Yellow line will head north from in June 2018. By 2022, all 48 of the new two-car trains will have been delivered here, adding three new stations to serve the north of the city. Kjell Eson / CC BY 2.0 to replace the oldest members of the fleet. Although designed for driverless operation, delays to CBTC installation mean that the new rolling stock will use the LEFT: Stadion Tunnelbana on the Red line opened in 1973. Shadowgate / CC-BY 2.0 original cab signalling system for the foreseeable future. SL

weden’s capital city is currently renamed Barkarby/Stockholm Väst and as a implementing a wide-ranging TUNNELBANAN ART key interchange it will provide connections package of transport enhancements between express and commuter trains and to cater for some of the fastest Stockholm’s metro is renowned for its bus services from 2021-22. growth in any major European city. incredible public art installations. More than At the same time, the Blue line is being SThat is partly down to a notable degree of 90 stations feature paintings, sculptures, extended with two new branches. From the unity among the relevant authorities: in 2007 mosaics and engravings, leading to the claim existing Kungsträdgården station, a new the so-called Stockholm Agreement brought that the 110km (68.5-mile) system is “the world’s underground route will be built to a station at longest art exhibit.” together county, city and other municipalities Many stations make a striking feature of the Sofia where it will diverge to the east to Nacka to undertake transport projects. Across all rock exposed by subway construction. Some of and south-west to Hagsätra. A connection modes, these mobility plans envisage the most famous installations can be seen at: to the Green line will be created at investment of SEK95bn (approximately Kungsträdgården, resembling an archaeological Gullmarsplan where a new platform is to be EUR9bn) between 2010 and 2021. excavation with the remains of the Stockholm’s built underneath the existing platforms. However it is not only in Stockholm that Makalös palace on display; Solna Centrum with The initial section involves a long tunnel Sweden places a high value on such schemes. its bright red ceiling and huge spruce forest under the Strömmen waterway to the In 2013, a national masterplan was agreed to environment; and Östermalmstorg, where Siri southern district of Södermalm, where it is Derkert has highlighted women’s rights and realise major infrastructure projects as soon to reach a new station at Sofia, the first metro environmental issues. as possible. All this is to the advantage of the SL offers guided tours of artworks throughout station on eastern Södermalm. From here the capital. Ambitious programmes to reduce the year, with tours in English between June route heads west with the first intermediate air pollution and ensure the central area is and August – Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, station at Hammarby canal featuring lifts easily accessible have seen developments starting at 15.00 from the SL Customer Centre into Hammarby lake town at Luma Park. across the city’s tramway (see TAUT 977). at T-Centralen station. Future stations at Gullmarsplan and Sofia However, as we will find out in this article, For further details see www.sl.se/en/eng-info/ will be located at depths of 100m below the authorities’ ambitions go much further contact/art-walks/ the surface, requiring high-speed lifts to into other areas of fixed track transport such reach the surface; five such installations are as its subway system – the Tunnelbanan – and 80 000 workplaces will be served by the currently planned. local railways. line, including the New Karolinska Solna The new stations will be important public University Hospital, and 11 000 homes are transport hubs to serve this growing area, the Metro projects being constructed along the route, many in location of 13 500 new homes and 10 000 Stockholm’s Tunnelbanan (T-bana/metro) the new district of Hagastaden that connects new workplaces in the coming years, and will carries the largest percentage of the city’s Solna with the capital. connect the Tunnelbana with the Tvärbanan, passengers, with over one million weekday With works due to begin this year, and Saltsjöbanan and buses between Nacka and riders across its 110km (68.5-mile) network completion planned for 2024, the new Värmdö. At Nacka, a new terminal will allow with 100 stations. The Green line is the terminus will be at Arenastaden, and the easy transfers between buses and the metro. busiest, carrying more than 2.5 times the line will offer connection to commuter The second branch from Sofia continues numbers of passengers of the Blue line, the rail lines J35 and J36 as well as tramline 22 south to Gullmarsplan and into Slakthus least patronised. (Tvärbanan). A third track will also be added where a new underground station will After a period of relative stability – the at Odenplan; this can be used as a turnback replace the current Globen and Enskede last extension opened in 1994 – there is now for the Green line and offers the future gård on the Green line (19). Connecting to substantial development with more than possibility of connecting the Hagastadt existing tracks just north of Sockenplan, 30km (19 miles) of new route and 11 new rail tunnel. The same applies to plans to the onward route to a new terminus at stations planned or under construction. build a north-eastern branch to Ulriksdals, Hagsätra will change its colour designation. This is the largest investment since the 1970s. Bergshamra, Mörby, Täby and Arninge. This This south-western branch will significantly Agreement was reached in 2013 for the would give a connection to the Red line (line increase capacity on the congested Green implementation of four major projects. 14), which currently runs to Mörby. line, which currently carries all metro traffic One of the most significant is the creation of Three other projects are underway from the south of the city. an all-new 4.1km (2.5-mile) Yellow line. concurrently, with the first works beginning These Blue line extensions total 11.5km This is being prepared as a northern in March 2019. The first to open will be a (7.1 miles) of underground routes, including branch of the Green line from the existing 3.7km (2.3-mile) western addition to Blue 4.1km (2.5 miles) under the island of Odenplan station, to include three new line 11 from Akalla to Barkarby, which also Södermalm. Although no definitive timetable stations designed to serve expanding areas lies on the Stockholm – Västerås rail line. exists for the openings, construction and to the north of the city centre. Around Barkarby station will be renovated and commissioning are estimated to take 7-8 years.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 215 Stockholm

ABOVE: ASEA-built C6 class 2732 was built in the 1970s and refurbished in 1995. ABOVE: The north-west entrance to Östra station with trailer UBxp 136 with a It is seen here on the Red line, while a newer Bombardier C20 train heads north driver’s cab (right), followed by a trailer without a cab. Most of these ‘intermediate’ towards the city centre (left). Balazs Szanto / CC-BY 2.0 UBp cars have now been rebuilt with low-floor centre sections. Thomas Johansson

A EUR400m (EUR38m) loan from the European Investment Bank has been secured to assist with the CBTC project and fleet renewal, in addition to modernisation of existing facilities at Nyboda and construction of a new depot at Norsborg. This includes three underground tunnels for overnight stabling and vehicle cleaning, and a maintenance workshop at ground level. Finally, in early 2017 planning began for a line between the existing Green/Blue line interchange at Fridhemsplan in the west of the city and Älvsjö. This will create another important new link between the capital’s northern and southern districts, relieving A four car train (C10+C11) on the Saltsjöbanan pressure on the Red line and T-Centralen. between Sickla and Saltsjö Järla, showing the ‘skirts’ The six-station line would have stops at necessary to fill the gap between platforms and the The Kårsta terminal of the Roslagsbanan on a Älvsjö, Östberga, Årstafältet, Årstaberg, carbody. The original Saltsjöbanan cars were wider wintry 2005 day; a longer-term ambition is the Liljeholmen and Fridhemsplan, giving (3.08m) than the metro cars (2.80m) introduced in reintroduction the service north to Rimbo (closed in 1976, when the line voltage was lowered. several new interchange points to other 1981) . Peter Van den Bossche Thomas Johansson public transport modes such as the Tvärbanan The big changes on the Green line include and commuter trains. Starting in 2010, an SEK9.6bn (approx. a connection from the southern Högdalen EUR918m) modernisation programme depot to serve both the Green and Blue has been underway with more than 22km lines. Lines 17 and 18 will also each gain a “Across all modes, there is (14 miles) of new double-track installed, short branch from Odenplan north to Solna improved noise protection, and stations commuter station to ease the congested EUR9bn in infrastructure brought up to modern standards. A fleet of 22 routes in the city and facilitate faster investment planned new Stadler X15P trains are on order under a north-south connections. SEK2bn (EUR191m) contract signed in 2016 In 2013, SL awarded a SEK5.1bn (EUR588m) between 2010 and 2021.” (with an option for 45 more), to be stabled at contract to Bombardier for 96 Movia trainsets, a new depot in Molnby. This was due to be which will make up the new C30 fleet, completed in 2019, but will now be finished including an option for an additional 80 four- Roslagsbanan in 2020. The introduction of the 100km/h car trains. The first 70m trains were delivered This regional railway line is unusual in (62mph) fleet will supplement the existing in June 2018 for use on the modernised being 891mm-gauge, unique to Sweden. ABB trains supplied in 1988-95. Each 60m 41.2km (25.6-mile) north-south Red line. Originally electrified at 1500V dc, it is the three-car train will accommodate up to 300 The Red line has two routes and 36 remainder of an extensive narrow-gauge passengers. The first deliveries are expected stations, 20 underground and 15 elevated. network that opened in 1885 as a private in 2020, with completion by 2024. Opened in April 1964, it recently underwent railway from Stockholm Östra station to the The scope of the project has increased to modernisation works in its first major north known first as the Stockholm-Rimbo include five new substations, at an additional upgrade since opening. Järnväg (SRJ). In 1909 it changed its name to cost of SEK150m (EUR14.3m), with full SL had contracted with Ansaldo STS for Stockholm-Roslagens Järnvägar and reached re-opening of the renovated line expected in the signalling upgrade in 2010, for its greatest extent in 1921 with over 200km 2023. Reopening of the routes to Rimbo and completion by 2014, but cancelled its (124 miles) of tracks. Norrtälje in the north have been discussed, contract in late 2017 due to significant delays In 1951, the SRJ was added to national but no firm plans or timescales for these and claiming it had lost confidence in the railway company SJ and in following years plans are available. company’s ability to deliver. The transport various routes were closed. Regionalisation authority required Ansaldo STS to repay of public transport companies under the Saltjöbanan advanced payments of around SEK230m authority of the province came in 1972. Since This 15.7km (9.8-mile) standard-gauge railway (EUR22m) from the SEK770m (EUR74m) 1981, the Roslagsbanan has consisted of three opened in 1893 from Slussen in the city centre contract, plus taxes, penalties and damages lines – 27: Stockholm Östra – Kårsta (42km/ for residents to reach the beach resort of totalling a further SEK220m (EUR21m). 26 miles); 28: Stockholm Östra – Österkär Saltsjöbaden on the Baltic Sea coast. In 1913, Any plans for automatic train operation are (29.5km/18 miles); and 29: Stockholm Östra – a 2.8km (1.7-mile) southern branch opened to therefore on hold. Näsbypark (11.5km/seven miles). Solsidan, leaving the main line in Igelboda.

216 / JUNE 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Näsbypark L29 L27 L28 Metro Akalla Helenelund Kårsta / T11 Österskär Tunnelbanan

T14 Light rail lines Kista Mörby centrum Tvärbanan T10 Tvärbanan Djursholms Ösby Hjulsta Lidingöbanan Nockebybanan

Rissne Suburban rail Saltjöbanan Roslagsbanan T L Solna Sundbybergs centrum T13 L T19 Ropsten Gåshaga Solna L Hässelby strand centrum brygga Karlsbodavägen Tekniska T17 högsk. Åkeshov T18 N S Alvik T-Centralen Nockeby Fridhemsplan N Bellmansro Kungsträdgården S T10 T11 Waldemarsudde Slussen Liljeholmen Sickla T

Saltsjöbaden L25 Gullmarsplan Solsidan L26 Årstaberg Skärmarbrink

Globen

T14 Fruängen

T17 T19 Skarpnäck Hagsätra

T13 Norsborg

T18 0 1 2 Farsta strand Kilometres

With diminishing ridership, in 1969 the railway entered the SL network and in 1976 the voltage (previously 1500V dc) was changed to 750V to match the city’s new subway. Primarily single-track, the route includes passing loops at some stations, although there are double-track sections (Nacka – Saltsjö-Järla and Storängen – Saltsjö-Duvnäs) that total 2.5km (1.6 miles). A fleet of 15 two-car sets ofC10 (motor car) and C11 (trailer) vehicles were purchased in the 1970s. These were based upon the C8 metro stock of the time, with the key difference being the use of pantographs for current collection. A 2009 plan to convert the line to Tvärbanan (tramway) standard and integrate the two with a physical connection in Hammarby sjöstad was dropped following evaluation of the costs associated with the construction challenges of a new bridge at Danvikstull and a double-track tunnel under Ersta hospital. The Tvärbanan extension to Sickla (see TAUT 977) was chosen as a more cost-effective solution. However, in the meantime the latest generation of CAF trams had been ordered, with a 90km/h (56mph) maximum speed for use on the Saltsjöbanan and all-wheel Tibble station on the Roslagbanan was rebuilt in 2017 as part of the double-track expansion programme of the drive (eight motors) to achieve the desired Roslags Näsby – Visinge route, including the addition of new contactless validators. J. Svensson Glad / CC BY 2.0

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 217 Stockholm

acceleration. The result is a very heavy vehicle: least 2026), automatic train operation, and until 1993, with Veolia then running the 51 tonnes without passengers for a 32m A35. modernisation of the main line. The aim is to line before Arriva Sverige took over in 2012 The County Council of Stockholm has achieve 12-minute headways during the day. with a concession that runs until 2020; an allocated SEK1.26bn (EUR120.5m) for As part of its integration in the wider extension until 2024 is possible. an upgrade that includes conversion and Stockholm network, Slussen - Saltsjöbaden extension of Slussen station with additional has been given the designation L25, with the Grateful thanks to Carl Silfverhielm and tracks (this project began in June 2016 with Igelboda – Solsidan service now known as Thomas Johansson for their assistance in the services terminating at Henriksdal until at L26. Operations were undertaken by SL itself compilation of this article.

ABOVE: Saltsjöbanan C11 2896 leaves a tunnel near Henriksdal station on a ABOVE: Sickla provides easy interchange between Saltsjöbanan and Tvärbanan. service to the city terminus at Slussen. Kaffeeeinstein / CC BY 2.0 Seen in April 2019, work is underway on the new metro station (right). T. Johansson

Scandinavian design

Scandinavian design is famous racks brighten when entering stations for its minimalistic form and use of to add another useful, yet playful natural materials that age with grace. touch. It’s about not taking yourself too Many new tenders use the Arlanda seriously and allowing the playful to Express as a reference point and so mix with the subtle. This aesthetic can Idesign was also asked to design be seen in the success of brands such the platform benches – Sticks and as Arne Jacobsen, Poul Henningsen, Drip Drop. Drip Drop (see right) was IKEA, Marimekko, Hay and more. awarded a further Red Dot Award that they are for elderly passengers or Nordic design checklist Scandinavian Design flourished in for “High design quality, expressing those with enhanced needs. High comfort: In seating, in the 1950s and Nordic Design or New innovation in form and function.” information, in contrast. Nordic is a modern title for the same The design process Light: Warm colours, not too bright base but with added influences. Stockholm Metro The operator’s role is essential for and preferably using downlight with For Stockholm’s new metro, Idesign a successful design. It is important dimming options. Avoid extruded Arlanda Express supported Bombardier with interior to have a clear vision of how the light sources, but include large Idesign uses these principles in its design and the vehicles’ front ends; new fleet should look, following windows where possible to open the award-winning transportation designs. the brief for the tender focused on passengers needs and wishes. This is cabin towards the environment. A good case study is the Arlanda ‘Nordic design – with a twist’. achieved from existing data and/or Materials: Long-lasting, easy to Express air shuttle between Stockholm For example, the geometric Plattan- developing a concept in-house before maintain and naturally-sourced and Arlanda Airport, launched in 2008. pattern on the seats is randomly starting the tender process. where possible. The vision to implement such interrupted through the addition of The more clearly defined the Colour: A balance between playful, design values into every part of the silhouettes of people; by adding these vision, the better that suppliers can subtle, elegant, dignified. Not too train was embraced early on and the sparsely, around one per 20 seats, respond. Delays or late information bright, but not too boring either. stunning results include real oak creates a surprising effect and a sense can greatly affect the overall price. Detail: Clean panel joins and edges window frames, and minimalist seats of discovery for the passenger. The It is also important to use design as and hiding screw holes etc to upholstered in Danish wool. seats use simple lines and shapes to be a tool, from simple sketches, full-scale reduce visual clutter. Minimise The lighting is based on downward- as clean, comfortable and minimalist models for testing physical design advertisements and other distracting facing spotlights in solid glass as possible, to avoid becoming dated. and comfort, to 3D renderings, VR and information. luminaires that create a sparkling Priority seats are upholstered in more detailed mock-ups to visualise Smart solutions to allow easy and effect; side lights towards the luggage yellow fabric to clearly announce all the components together. seamless journeys.

218 / june 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org SRS Artics 51 and 52 pictured Artics roll side-by-side in March 2019. in Schöneiche Sebastian Stahl Tony Streeter examines how the international drive to offer barrier-free public transport has brought low-floor vehicles to a traditional metre-gauge tramway on the outskirts of Berlin.

decades-old car rumbles historic organisation such as the SRS. The as a bit of an ‘orphan’. For although coming through a woodland backdrop first section of this line opened in 1910, with under the VBB, it is independent from, on the outskirts of Berlin. expansion and electrification following and (not least given the gauge differences) It rolls to a stop at a low shortly after (see below). Today running as unconnected to, the main Berlin tramway platform shaded by trees. ‘Tram 88’ in the Verkehrsverbund Berlin network. That is despite the two systems AWaiting passengers climb its steps to enter Brandenburg (VBB) tariff union, the SRS is coming within 100m of each other at and the vehicle sets off. It is a traditional the only metre-gauge tramway operating in Friedrichshagen, the western extremity of the scene – but this little cameo illustrates the the Berlin area. SRS. There, within a short walk, passengers problem facing one of Germany’s smallest As with the nearby Woltersdorfer can not only change from one tramway to tramways, not to mention other operations Straßenbahn, the SRS could perhaps be seen the other, but also between tram and S-Bahn of differing sizes. For from January 2022 new legislation means that, with few exceptions, the country’s public transport must be A varied 109-year HISTORY barrier-free. That is why, in recent months, that scene The existence of the SRS is due to tramway also became home to Niederbarminer Eisenbahn – with people clambering into a geriatric decisions by the independent but both ‘Reko’ and Gotha two-axle AG, with 15% each owned by neighbouring communities of vehicles. The system is still Schöneiche and Rüdersdorf. In Düwag GT6 – has been replaced by step-free Friedrichshagen and Kalkberge home to non-operational older 2010, the centenary year of the access into the most modern vehicles the (now Rüdersdorf) in the early vehicles, including Lindner original section’s opening, the Schöneiche-Rüdersdorfer Straßenbahn years of the 20th Century. bogie motor-car 34 (1928) and operations contract with the (SRS) has ever possessed – low-floor Škoda In 1910 a 5.6km (3.5-mile) two-axle trailer 20 (1925). Niederbarminer Eisenbahn was Artic prototypes that have moved here from line was opened between Today’s routing dates from a extended to the end of 2024. Helsinki. The first arrived last year, the Friedrichshagen and Schöneiche; 1977 reconstruction, with the line The 100th anniversary also saw second in late March, and a third – this two years later the 7.6km now running further east than celebrations that included the time a brand new rather than second-hand (4.5 miles) between Schöneiche previously, to Alt-Rüdersdorf. use of historic cars. For a full vehicle – is to follow. and Kalkberge followed to make This 2km (1.2-mile) section is description of the centenary, the line 13.2km (8.2 miles) long. roughly double the length of the see TAUT 875, (November 2010). Barrier-free travel is of course a noble It would take until 1916 before portion it replaced, which ran in With the Woltersdorfer aim. In Germany, it is legislated for in the the two sections were merged a more north-easterly direction; Straßenbahn and Strausberger Personenbeförderungsgesetzes (PBefG), which into what was then known it means the line is now 14.1km Eisenbahn standard-gauge lines, dates from 2013. As is well known though, the as the Schöneiche Kalkberge (8.8 miles) long. The formation is the SRS is part of a triumvirate of move to ensure accessible travel is not unique Straßenbahn. Electrification had partially on-street and partially unusual tram operations to the to Germany and in fact the PBefG implements taken place two years earlier, on reservation, with a mixture of east of Berlin. The Strausberg a European Union Regulation, 1370/2007. Nor ending the short-lived use of single- and double-track. route, served by Bombardier is this move a purely EU one: that legislation Benzol-powered locomotives. The tramway was brought Flexity Berlin vehicles, runs for While the 1920s saw into the ownership of local roughly 6km (3.7 miles) from itself came the year after the holding of the acquisition of Lindner bogie cars, authorities in the 1990s Strausberg station (S-Bahn and United Nations Convention on the Rights of and the 1960s the creation of post-unification era. A 2001 Regionalbahn) on the Ostbahn. Persons with Disabilities, in 2006. locally-built bogie cars using old reorganisation saw 70% In contrast Woltersdorf still uses But important as such a move may be, parts, in East German times the of ownership pass to the post-war two-axle cars. it does present challenges for a small and

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org june 2019 / 219 Schöneiche-Rüdersdorfer

services at the Deutsche Bahn station that Around 3400 people use the SRS each KTNF6 from 2010), as well as ex-Heidelberg is served by S3 trains between Spandau weekday; annual passenger figures are GT6 vehicles from 2006 onwards. and Erkner. around one million, with the tramway However, while the KTNF6 sets have Given its semi-rural surroundings, operating roughly half a million timetable- low-floor sections, the 100% high-floorGT6 developed to the east of Berlin in the late kilometres. Service speed is 30km/h (19mph). cars do not. More recently, with 2022 rapidly 19th Century, the SRS is an interurban in Since 2001 the SRS company has been approaching, the SRS sought to acquire the classic sense. From the terminus on 70%-owned by the operator Niederbarminer suitable low-floor vehicles to meet the barrier- Friedrichshagen’s Schöneicher Strasse, Eisenbahn AG, which also runs main line free deadline. A visit to Helsinki was arranged where there is a turning loop, Tram 88 passenger services. The local communities with the initial idea of acquiring surplus services initially run dead straight roughly of Rüdersdorf and Schöneiche own the Variotram units. However, while those were north-eastwards alongside the main road remainder of the shares between them. not deemed suitable, one happy coincidence before curving away into the residential of the reconnaissance was to bring the area of Schöneiche. Shortly after passing the Following tradition availability of the prototype Artics to the historic depot the line curves sharply to the Acquisition of the Artics from Helsinki attention of the German operator. east, the direction it largely maintains into follows in a well-established SRS tradition SRS Operations Manager Sebastian Stahl Rüdersdorf. The portion to today’s terminus of procuring second-hand vehicles. explained to TAUT that these Finnish-built and turning loop at Alt-Rüdersdorf dates By 1990 when this former East German trams were considered a good fit; they are of from 1977, replacing an earlier section that system became part of the newly-unified the right dimensions, have a high percentage ran more to the north but which was lost to Federal Republic of Germany, the tramway of seated space, and are equipped with bogies. quarrying. In total, today’s tramway runs for was in need of significant investment. At 27.6m long, the three-section vehicles 14.1km (8.8 miles), with 20 stops. End-to-end That included replacement of infrastructure offer 87 seats (a welcome uplift of 35 compared journey times are 28-29 minutes, with peak and the adoption of used Tatra trams to those they replace). All eight axles are headways of 20 minutes. (initially KT4D, now all out of traffic, and powered, the Artics are fitted with regenerative

ABOVE: The old order… high-floor GT6 46 stabled at the depot in Schöneiche in September 2018. D. Keay

BELOW: The new order… the second low-floor Artic, SRS 51, on trial in March 2019. Sebastian Stahl

ABOVE: With all the dignitaries onboard, SRS 52 – ex-Helsinki Artic 402 – waits to depart the depot on its first journey to Friedrichshagen in passenger service on 24 October 2018. IsarSteve

SCHÖNEICHE

Dorfstr. Dorfaue SRS tramway Schillerstr. Torellplatz Rahnsdorfer Str. Berghof DEPOT Grätzwalde Heinitzstr. Woltersdorf tramway Kalkberger Str. Jägerstr. Berghof- Rathaus Berlin S-Bahn L302 Goethepark Weiche Marktplatz Marienstr.

K6421 Berlin tramway Breitscheidstr. Waldstr.

RÜDERSDORF Alt-Rüdersdorf

Berliner S Friedrichshagen Brösener Str. Stadtforst A10 Eichendamm Lerchenstr. WOLTERSDORF S-Bhf Rahnsdorf Fasanenstr. Goethestr. Berliner platz DEPOT FRIEDRICHSHAGEN Thälmannplatz Blumenstr.

Krankenhaus Rűdersdorfer Heide Schleuse

220 / june 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org braking and they take power from the overhead at 600V dc. Maximum service speed is 80km/h (50mph). The prototype Artics were built in 2013, pre-dating series deliveries of this type from Transtech (now Škoda) by some three years. Their genesis dates back to a tender by Helsinki’s city operator Helsingin kaupungin liikennalaitos (HKL) for 40 vehicles in 2010; that was later raised to 99 through the exercise of options. In 2018, then five-year old 402 arrived at Schöneiche to bring a modern face to this traditional tramway, which with its GT6s still relied in part on vehicles designed in the 1950s. Škoda Transtech formally sold the two Artics to the SRS in October last year. When it came to certification in their new home, the SRS was aided by the fact that the Transtech design had been trialled at the Würzburg tramway (some 500km/310 miles south-west in northern Bavaria). That meant that German experience and paperwork already existed, allowing the acceptance process to concentrate on proving that the Until now, low-floor accommodation has only been provided through Tatra trams with low-floor centre Finnish vehicles and the SRS infrastructure sections. KTNF6 28, a rebuilt former Cottbus vehicle, leaves Schöneiche village with a service to Alt-Rüdersdorf, May 2013. Mike Russell were compatible with each other. Škoda supported the introduction of the and Märkisch Overland agreed to contribute low-floor vehicles to the SRS, and indeed in “With the new Artics, this to the acquisition of a third Artic. This will be addition to trial running, a demonstration a new series vehicle, acquired through run for customers of what is now badged as unusual tramway piggy-backing an order for Helsinki, and is the ForCity Smart was arranged to coincide survivor will be able expected to join the fleet in early 2020. with Berlin’s 2018 InnoTrans trade fair. Mr Brocker has described himself as happy to offer fully low-floor that, through the arrival of the Artics, the SRS Minister joins celebrations already fulfils the requirement for barrier-free In fact, the SRS found that only minimal accommodation across its travel. It comes at an opportune time as well: changes were needed to accommodate the the Berlin area is one of the few in the former ‘new’ additions to its fleet – in infrastructure timetable for the first time.” East Germany to see an increase in population terms it has meant some alterations to – and with this it is considered that the the historic workshop and to the line’s public service; it is now SRS 52. Classmate 401 commuting potential from Schöneiche and traction power supply. (the future SRS 51) arrived in March 2019 and Rüdersdorf to Berlin has grown. On 24 October 2018, SRS Managing entered passenger service on 1 May. Total investment in the programme is Director Detlef Bröcker was joined by Kathrin With the two Transtech trams in operation around EUR3.7m, with 85% of that cost Schneider from the State of Brandenburg’s and supported by the partially low-floor split between Oder-Spree and Märkisch- ministry that covers infrastructure and Tatra sets, this unusual tramway survivor will Oderland local authorities from a dedicated planning. After celebratory cake was given be able to offer low-floor accommodation fund for public transport. Indeed, as out and following the formal handover of across its timetable for the first time. Kathrin Schneider explained on the launch paperwork at the depot in Schöneiche, That is not the end of the story however. of SRS 52, Brandenburg’s infrastructure the former Helsinki 402 officially entered On 3 April the local authorities of Oder-Spree ministry is investing an additional EUR37m in new vehicles and conversions between 2017-22 in order to realise barrier-free travel across the state. The Schöneiche vehicles are also just the first of theArtic type to offer service in Germany; the SRS is one of three organisations in the country to have chosen them. Deliveries are also to take place to Saxony’s Chemnitz (14 ForCity Chemnitz) as part of an order won in 2016, with the first vehicle displayed at InnoTrans in 2018; and to Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr in the south-west of the country, with an order for 80 bi-directional vehicles having been placed last June. Outside Germany (and not including Helsinki), Artics have also been ordered by Finland’s Tampere, as well as both Ostrava and Plzeň in the Czech Republic. Just perhaps though, by bringing modern low-floor vehicles to its fleet, the SRS will be the tramway that most feels the effect of these trams from the north…

With grateful thanks to SRS Operations Manager Sebastian Stahl for assistance in the Former Heidelberg GT6 48 moves on-street from reserved formation in Rüdersdorf, May 2013. Mike Russell preparation of this article.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org june 2019 / 221 “I am delighted that the UK Light Rail Conference is coming Manchester back to Greater Manchester in 2019. “Metrolink forms a key backbone of sustainable travel for the region as it continues to grow, so this important two-day 23-24 July 2019 event offers an invaluable chance to network with peers from around the world. It also allows us to share knowledge and best practice as we all aim to improve the way we plan, The industry’s premier exhibition and knowledge-sharing build and deliver exceptional light rail services to passengers.” event returns to Manchester for 2019! Danny Vaughan Head of Metrolink – Transport for Greater Manchester With over 50 speakers and panellists, eight hours of dedicated networking and a technical tour of Metrolink’s new Trafford Park Line, there is no better place to gain true insight into the workings of the sector and help “An excellent event, providing a stimulating and varied two-day shape its future. programme addressing current Voices and future issues pertinent to This invaluable two-day congress is well-known as THE V today’s light rail industry” from the place to do business and build long-lasting relationships. Clive Pennington Technical Director – Light Rail, industry… To discuss how you can be part of it, visit us online at Amey Consulting & Rail www.mainspring.co.uk or call us on +44 (0)1733 367600

SUPPORTED BY Prague

The city responsible for the most numerous tram type ever produced also has one of systems the world’s great tramways, an emblem that has a vital place factfile Prague in the overall No. Prague, transport network. czech republic 140 Czech Republic Neil Pulling reports.

raha (Prague) has been Škoda 15T 9202 on scene, as befits of one of the world’s public transport to support controls capital of the Czech Mánesův most, one of great systems. on road traffic and environmental Republic (Czechia) since several bridges over the Many will also use trams and quality. In August 2017 the city January 1993, a role also Vltava used by Prague’s the metro due to there being authority approved a plan for 30 held for the Kingdom of tramway. Castle Hill and dispersed clusters of attractions system enlargements, a mixture of new St. Vitus Cathedral are in BohemiaP and Czechoslovakia. and accommodation, although lines and extensions. Of these, 19 are the background. In 1993, as an independent neither of these modes – nor heavy intended for implementation by 2030, democracy, the latter peacefully rail services – reach Václav Havel with the balance as longer-term works. split into two to create the Czech Airport Prague in the north-west Beginning in September 1875, the Republic and the Slovak Republic. of the city. This has designated first trams were horse-drawn, with Despite Prague’s immersion in great bus links with metro stations their last regular use being in 1905. events and times of human suffering, Nádraží Veleslavín (line A, also Electric operations started in 1891 the city has been physically little tram-served) and (line B). as private ventures, from which the damaged. The visual legacy spreads The quality of these links and surviving lines went into municipal around the sinuous Vltava river the communication of how the ownership. Today’s main operator valley and surrounding hills, helping urban network can be navigated by has its origins as the city’s electricity Prague to become an international international visitors has improved generation and tramway company cultural centre and popular tourist appreciably in recent years. created in 1897, a union of activities destination. Prague has an under-development that lasted until 1946. By then, Research group Euromonitor outer motorway ring, currently again as Czechoslovakia but not as a International ranks it as the European half-complete, mainly to the west democracy, the country was within Union’s fourth most-visited city, and south. Extending towards the the Soviet Bloc. with 8.8m arrivals in 2017. Some key centre are several broad boulevards Despite Prague’s eventful history tourism locations are now pedestrian in a style redolent of the Soviet era and power shifts, outwards expansion zones, although most visitors will All pictures by and more recent urban motorways. has been a long-term if not evenly- encounter trams as part of the urban Neil Pulling. Official support is evident for using paced feature of the system.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org june 2019 / 223 Prague

BELOW: Petřín Funicular is in the DPP network and is included in day ticket coverage.

ABOVE: The most recent extension is a 2011 addition that includes Nádraží Podbaba terminus. The well-served railway station of that name is to the right between the two trams. The country’s biggest city, a population of 1.3m was recorded Far left: Static by December 2018 and although vehicles are a reminder surrounded by the Central Bohemian of trams running along Wenceslas Square. Region, Prague is a region in its own right. The administrative areas are LEFT: A pair of Tatra numbered 1-22, within which are T6A5 at Výstaviště district names. Some of these are Holešovice, next to prominent on transport maps due Prague’s exhibition to being the location of important grounds and amusement park. Other services use stations or interchanges, as with Prague a nearby terminus loop. 7’s Holešovice or Prague 5’s Smíchov. The central districts 1 and 2 have names which represent useful distinctions, as for being the site of hotels or THE FLEET specific attractions. Examples include (Castle District), Staré Mesto Even with over 300 trams received from Czech to this. With 57 of the original 60 remaining, they (Old Town) or Vinohrady (denoting builder Škoda since 2006, earlier ČKD Tatra trams have been reintroduced on selected routes and are former vineyards). remain vital for everday service. They represented passing through a significant repair and rebuilding around a half of the vehicles in the 810-strong fleet programme. The first tram so-treated was 9148, as of 31 March 2019. Rebuilt and modernised in various marked by a revised livery and more conventional Over a billion passengers ways, a mix of high-floor and part low-floorT3 bogie seating with easier passenger circulation. These have The urban transit operator, Dopravní car variants are the most numerous type. a capacity for 270 passengers, 69 seated. podnik hlavního Prahy (DPP), The 1960 T3 Prague debut – with a prototype that was Initially developed for DPP as its first fully low-floor is now a joint stock company owned scrapped in 1985 – led to series production between tram, the Škoda 15T ForCity Alfa prototype was, by the city and with around 11 000 1962 and 1997. From the 13 713 of this single-car vehicle like the 14T, first used on the tramway in Plzeň, the employees. Its tram, metro, bus, built by ČKD in total, the tramway in the company’s city of its manufacture. Testing of the three-section funicular and ferry services are a home city received 892 T3 and 292 TSU/TSUCS uni-directional type began in Prague in 2009 as no. major part of the wider coverage variants; the T3R.PLF are rebuilds with a low-floor 9200. Using pivoting bogies at the vehicle ends with section. Prague T3 stock operates as single vehicles or intermediate articulations as ForCity arrangement integrated by the regional organiser. in pairs, a formation first deployed in 1964. The oldest also favoured by Riga and Bratislava reflected the Established in 1992, Pražská T3 is car 6102, now operational in the heritage fleet. physical demands of the Prague network. The first integrovaná doprava (PID) has nine The original 150 (8601-8750), single-car T6A5 made of the production series (9201) arrived in January zones surrounding the ‘POB’ core Prague the biggest customer amongst the cities of 2011 and the last of 250 in February 2019. Normal 15T which includes all three metro lines in the former Czechoslovakia. More angular than the service operations began in February 2011. Prague and all of the tramway. T3, T6 variants were amongst Tatra’s last trams. Now The specification changed in 2015, with 9326-9450 At the start of 2018, the tram as KT8D5R.N2P numbered 9051-9098, the three- being the 15T4 version – this introduced air-conditioning, system covered 142.7 km (89.2 miles), section 30.3m Tatra were delivered 1986-90. Rebuilt plastic seats (replacing the wooden versions on the from KT8D5, the centre car was replaced to include original specification), passenger Wi-Fi, improved hosting a combined day and night low-floor space, with total capacity for 227 passengers, lighting and a revised livery. The smart new yellow lines length of around 557.3km 56 seated. There were 48 KT8D5R.N2P active in 2018. front with white side and end panels improved (348 miles). Just over half of the Used on normal routes, being bi-directional they can visibility over the original red and silver finish. system runs in dedicated space, a also be used if turning facilities become unavailable. DPP’s seven main tram depots (vozovna) are proportion projected to increase as Aside from an unsuccessful few Tatra RT6N1, distributed around the system, some close to the a means of reducing accidents and Prague’s substantial use of trams built from new with system’s outer reaches. All are on long-established sites, journey times. There is increasing low-floor space came with the five-section Škoda14T with the oldest, Strašnice, dating from 1908. The most use of tram-priority signals at road Elektra built in Plzeň. Styled by Porsche Design, they recent is Hloubětín, located in the north-east of the city, intersections. were built 2005-2009 and are numbered 9111-9179. which opened in 1951. This large installation’s use was Although many have returned to service, they had the restricted following structural work and the site awaits In 2017, DPP recorded around 1.2bn distinction of being a large batch of a modern type that redevelopment. Now used for heritage fleet operation annual public transport journeys, was wholly withdrawn (in 2014) and unsuccessfully and itself a listed technical monument, the Střešovice with approximately 50% using the made available for sale. Structural failures and the site is shared by Prague’s public transport museum metro and 30% trams; there are 1169 unpopularity of the internal configuration contributed (see www.dpp.cz/muzeum-mhd for more details). buses in DPP’s bus fleet, covering 145 day and night lines.

224 / june 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org

Tram services listed during April With widespread track and stop 2019 were 25 day (numbered between sharing by multiple lines, ready access 1-26) and nine night lines (91-99). to service diagrams is very useful for Cross-city lines are a key feature of the those unfamiliar with the system. system, with line 16 – Lehovec at 22.7km (14.2 miles - one of Growing from the city outwards six lines over 20km) being the longest. One of the charms of Prague, a End-to-end journeys take 73 minutes, seemingly haphazard central street covering 48 stops between the two layout, means that tram routes weave termini in each direction. on far from direct paths. Although There are significant variations on central areas have had some tracks hours of operation and frequencies removed, the basic coverage was as might be expected on such a large complete by 1914. Tram movements are system. Similarly, infrastructure constrained by many track junctions ABOVE: The most extensions were mainly added from works mean that a given line may be and road intersections, so the city northerly Vltava long-standing termini, as at Nádraží temporarily suspended, shortened or appears as a traditional system in tram crossing was Braník and . A new line have short-term lines implemented, those places where the visitors most created with the from just west of Motol depot to 1977 Holešovice – the latter using the 3x series. commonly roam – albeit with some opened in 1988, but later Ke Stírce line. This Bus substitution which replaces a very modern vehicles. A different version of the Troja required substantial rebuilding. temporarily-closed tram service aspect is revealed when moving bridge opened in A south-western district best known carries an ‘X’ prefix to the number. outwards from the centre. There are October 2014. for its film studios, Barrandov saw Line 41 (previously as 91) is the separate rights of way, track running in intensive housing development from separately-priced service termed by road medians and ballasted railway-like the 1980s. Needing viaducts over deep DPP as the ‘historical tram line’ using alignments becoming more prominent, valleys south of , a 3.5km heritage stock; this runs between as well some stops being free-standing (2.2-mile) off-road extension with April and November each year. Since and away from pavements. six new stops opened in 2003. As this March 2017, line 23 has operated as a The system has been extended to weaves through or under housing ‘nostalgic tourist’ service within the serve outlying residential districts in left: T3R.P areas, noise limitation measures have 8498 at Kobylisy normal fare structure using Tatra T3 several directions; these include some been installed. Chaplinovo nam sti depot during the ě stock in original formats: see TAUT 975 large estates ( ) whose creation evening run-down stop (the name refers to a Charlie for detailed line 23 and 41 coverage. pre-dated fixed transport links. The of services on Chaplin statue nearby) is set between 26 March 2018.

RIGHT: Škoda 14T 9134, internally rebuilt and with a changed livery by the Vltava on 7 August 2018. Seen from a tram passing through the crossroads near Legií bridge.

ABOVE: Seen at Kobylisy metro station, bi- directional KT8D5R. N2P 9080 is on temporary line 30, implemented due to a blockade at Bulovka during 2018 which prevented trams turning.

RIGHT: Evening light bathes T3R.PLF 8258 + T3R.P 8568 emerging from the tunnel under the edge of Vyšehrad hill by the Vltava.

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RIGHT: Hlavní nádraží, the nominal tramstop for Prague’s main railway station, is about 300m from the main entrance.

BELOW: The 455m tram-only viaduct on the Palmovka-Ohrada line, a fully off-road link line with one stop opened in November 1990.

ABOVE: 1942-built Ringhoffer 3062 pauses at Palackého náměstí with a sightseeing service on 9 August 2018. “In August 2017 the city authority approved a plan for 30 network facts system enlargements, a mix of Opened: 1875 (electric from 1891) Lines: 25 daytime, 9 in night network new lines and extensions.” Fleet: 810 Depots: 7 + 1 dedicated to heritage ABOVE: With operations original internal A pprox. weekday hours: daytime configuration 04.30-23.45, night service approx. and livery, Škoda 00.00-04.45 14T 9136 passes a modern Prague M ain line frequency: 8-10 minutes; emblem, the 4-minute peaks ‘Dancing House’ Gauge: 1435mm near Jiráskovo Power supply: 600V dc, overhead náměstí stop. Regional network: Regional LEFT: Organiser of the Prague Integrated Malostranské Transport System Regionální náměstí, a favourite organizátor Pražské integrované interchange for dopravy – www.pid.cz tourists passing C ity network/operator: Dopravní between the nearby podnik hl. m. Prahy, akciová Charles Bridge společnost – www.dpp.cz and the Castle Hill Civic information: www.praha.eu district. T ourist information: www.prague.eu and www.praguecitytourism.cz

226 / june 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Far left: Škoda 15T 9245 at Modranská rokle on the long climb to Sídliště Modřany. Extending from the Nádraží Braník terminus, tram coverage of this housing district was introduced in 1995. two tunnels. The next extension Wenceslas Square (Václavské ABOVE LEFT: Arriva. Train services have widely may be from this route’s present ) has emotive associations as a Early morning near differing frequencies and use stock terminus, Barrandov, for key location during the 1968 Russian Nádraží Libeň, a as diverse as double-deck City Elefant 1.9km (1.2 miles) to Slivenec. suppression of the ‘Prague Spring’ and station for local and electric multiple units and RegioNova The eastern link between Palmovka the 1989 ‘Velvet Revolution’ leading to long-distance trains. diesel railcars. and Ohrada opened in 1990, Czechoslovakia’s independence. Trams also serve The usefulness of tram to train improving connections rather than It also has a tram history and now more Prague O2 Arena at transfers is also a function of the Multiaréna Praha being coverage of new territory and of a tram future. Tracks previously stop (background). convenience of interchanges. The adding only one new and relatively ran the length of this long rectangle main station at Hlavní nádraží / hl.n. isolated stop (Krejcárek). With a which rises towards the statue of the Above right: has a so-named tramstop, but this is dedicated right of way, the line’s main patron saint, St Wenceslas, and the The junctions about 300m from the main entrance – feature is a viaduct carrying tracks National Museum. At the opposite either side of rails embedded in the road surface are between Krejcárek’s hillside location end is a reminder of the square’s past Malostranská stop, a reminders of a previous closer transfer. and the much lower Palmovka area, as a transport axis, featuring a static line A metro station Part of a process to relieve pressure en route crossing several roads and two tram and trailer converted for use as and being at the foot on the north-east to south-west of Castle Hill make groups of railway tracks. The most a café. Nearby an active route briefly central tram route, options to restore this an intensively recent system addition was in 2011, crosses the square’s width. In January used part of the that facility are under examination. a short northern extension with the 2019 the city approved planning system. Transfers are also available at the present Nadraž Podbaba terminus for for Wenceslas Square’s length to be historic Masarykovo nádraží (Masaryk improved tram/railway transfers. returned to the system, part of the station), a terminus for regional trains, The tram network uses eight intended environmental remodelling. similarly for Smíchovské nádraží or of Prague’s 18 bridges over the Praha Smíchov (Smíchov station) and Vltava River. All bridges (denoted Multi-modal connections Praha substantial outer stations as most) are substantial structures Despite being the national passenger for local and long distance trains. due to the river’s width and power. railway’s main concentration and Also tram-served, Nádraží Holešovice Several spans are needed to cross the having 45 stations within PID station has lost significance since hl.n floodplain west of Palmovka, a key coverage, the mode has uneven access was improved for international transport interchange. The statue- service levels in Prague itself. BELOW: Now a traffic; the excellent local transport lined Charles Bridge ( most) Esko Praha is inspired by the German popular area for coverage is however important to lost tram coverage to buses in 1908, S-Bahn model and is the brand for shops, hotels and support this area’s redevelopment. initial replacements which added local rail services across the city and entertainment, the Czech engineering prowess site of Ringhoffer to the structural harm; the bridge extending into Central Bohemia. contributed to the country’s Tatra and Tatra tram was restricted to pedestrian use by The stylised ‘S’ symbol may be seen production was becoming the main tramcar provider 1965. Another main attraction, Old on Czech Railways’ (state-owned near these Anděl for many countries in the communist Town Square had trams removed the company trains as well platforms in orbit for many decades; an established following year. as those of other operators, such as Smichov. manufacturer, Tatra had merged with

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org june 2019 / 227 Prague

Seen near Kobylisy depot, 5572 functions as a rail lubricator or to irrigate the 26km (16 miles) of grassed track. DPP says this rebuilt T3M covers around 200km daily. the Ringhoffer engineering company. Under František Ringhoffer II (1817-73) this became Austria-Hungary’s main railway stock producer and later made trams. The main site of Tatra production is now partly occupied by Nový Smíchov shopping centre, near the western platforms of the tramstop. Briefly partners in metro stock production, successor, Siemens, closed the modern factory in the west of Prague in 2009. Described by DPP as ‘the backbone of the transit system’, Prague’s metro opened in 1974. Now a three-line Flood prevention improvements Outside of the metro’s approximate The first series operation that extends to 65.2km followed the damage caused to the 05.00-00.00 operation, a night service Škoda 15T, 9201, (40.8 miles) with 61 stations, it handles metro by the floods of August 2002. is provided by buses and trams, the with T3R.PLF 8276 around 1.6m daily passenger journeys. All lines were affected, with 20km latter’s lines re-designated as 91-99 in at Radlická terminus The metro is almost all underground (12.5 miles) of route and 18 stations April 2017 when buses changed to a which is next to a metro line B station. or otherwise covered, as for the 485m being inundated; services were 9xx series. Night trams use Lazarská Nusle bridge near Vyšehrad station restored by March 2003. stop as the central transfer point. which has an upper deck roadway. Adding to an already lengthy project Each line has its own depot. history, in late 2018 Prague’s Mayor Detailed maps and timetables can Designated A (green), B (yellow) and announced that work on a fourth be found at www.dpp.cz/en/ C (red), the three lines converge to metro line would begin within four form a central triangle of track with an years. This is envisaged to cross several interchange at each corner – tram routes south from Míru essential facts (A/B) Muzeum (A/C) and Florenc and potentially northwards into the Good quality maps, fare information and tickets (B/C). Several tram services cross the old centre, although that route has Local travel: from staffed DPP information centres include Václav Havel small area within the metro triangle not been agreed. Line D is intended to Airport terminals 1 and 2; Hlavní nádraží 1 and 2 (main station); and there are transfer points available relieve demand on line C and extend Anděl, Můstek, Nádraží Veleslavín and Hradčanská metro stations between the two modes, albeit with south to Písnice’s housing estates, and also at Prague City Hall. Available at outlets or vending some very deeply-sited metro stations. these being east of the tramway’s machines – some only accepting coins – PID cross-mode tickets Two metro stock types are in use, line. are distinguished by duration from the time of validation. Yellow all in five-car formations. There are DPP’s funicular extends for 510m validating machines are found onboard trams and buses, with 465 cars of type 81-71M, a Škoda- up Hill from a lower terminus metro counterparts being at the station entrance or platforms. modernised version of Russian near Újezd tramstop. Operating Within the tram and metro coverage, the shortest duration tickets are 30 minutes, priced at CZK24 (EUR0.95), then 90 minutes Mytishi 81-71 stock that is used on with interruptions since 1891, the at CZK32 (EUR1.25); 24- and 72-hour tickets cost CZK110 (EUR4.30) lines A and B. Line C uses 265 cars trip – and in particular the Nebozízek and CZK310 (EUR12.10) respectively. If using a metro/tram/bus of Siemens M1 stock from a / intermediate stop – helps gives an interchange, it is recommended that pictogram signage is followed Siemens/Adtranz consortium. overview of the city’s setting. as some stations with widely dispersed exits may have no trams apparent at some of them. All exchange rates as of April 2019. What is there to see? Public transport is ideal for moving between the main areas, with trams providing excellent viewing platforms – the hairpin curves immediately north of Malostranska and between tramstop Nádraží Holešovice and Kobylisy (tramstop Trojská) are notably scenic. The Vltava has many riverside paths and trams also occupy some riverside stretches – Charles Bridge, Old Town Square and nearby Josefov provide many of Prague’s most famed views. Prague Castle is more a district than a specific building, with St. Vitus Cathedral just one of many fine structures therein. Like the Castle and Petřín Hill in being noted for city views, a less-crowded counterpart is made up of the buildings and gardens at Vyšehrad, the western spur of which contains a riverside tram tunnel. There are many commercial Vltava tours, although river trips on DPP ferries (lines P1-P7) are covered within the PID system. DPP also provides sightseeing tram tours, using T3 or cabrio T3 Coupé cars as well as its heritage fleet, throughout the year. It is possible to choose the route, length of the duration of the tour and also the places of boarding and alighting. Some tours include Depo Hostivar terminus, opened as a station adjoining the metro line A depot in 2006. refreshments, musical accompaniment and guided services. Originally built in 1984, set 3301 is an 81-71M rebuild by Škoda, used on lines A and B.

228 / june 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org in your next issue of Martin Grötzschel CANBERRA’s smart solutions SYSTEMS FACTFILE: capital project to save energy LONDON TRAMS Australia's capital is rare in never having As public transport power sources Initially as Tramlink, and strongly had a tramway service – that all changed shift from fossil fuels to electrification, associated with its Croydon core, the in April 2019. Shany Shaked and Robert emissions reduce. While that is positive, system now branded as London Trams Wagner of DB Engineering & Consulting the next step is to ensure we use that provides a vital public transport link describe the commissioning process. electricity more efficiently. across the south of the UK capital. PLUS... JULY 2019 + Classic Trams: Heritage operations in Northern Poland issue + The latest news and analysis, rolling stock orders, system developments, and transport policy and industry comment from On sale around the world 21 June

THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE Prague

The city responsible for the most numerous systems tram type ever produced also has one of the world’s great tramways, an www.lrta.org factfile emblem that www.tautonline.com has a vital place in the overall Prague Subscribe now! No. Prague, transport network. czech rePublic JUNE 2019 N O. 978 140 Czech Republic Neil Pulling reports. IMPROVING AN ICON

Now in its 82nd year, Tramways & Urban Transit is

raha (Prague) has been Škoda 15T 9202 on scene, as befits of one of the world’s capital of the Czech public transport to support controls Mánesův most, one of great systems. Republic (Czechia) since several bridges over the on road traffic and environmental Many will also use trams and January 1993, a role also Vltava used by Prague’s quality. In August 2017 the city the metro due to there being held for the Kingdom of tramway. Castle Hill and authority approved a plan for 30 BohemiaP and Czechoslovakia. St. Vitus Cathedral are in dispersed clusters of attractions system enlargements, a mixture of new the background. and accommodation, although In 1993, as an independent lines and extensions. Of these, 19 are the world’s leading monthly publication dedicated solely to neither of these modes – nor heavy democracy, the latter peacefully intended for implementation by 2030, rail services – reach Václav Havel split into two to create the Czech with the balance as longer-term works. Republic and the Slovak Republic. Airport Prague in the north-west Beginning in September 1875, the of the city. This has designated Despite Prague’s immersion in great first trams were horse-drawn, with bus links with metro stations events and times of human suffering, their last regular use being in 1905. Nádraží Veleslavín (line A, also the city has been physically little Electric operations started in 1891 tram-served) and damaged. The visual legacy spreads (line B). as private ventures, from which the The quality of these links and around the sinuous Vltava river surviving lines went into municipal the communication of how the valley and surrounding hills, helping ownership. Today’s main operator urban network can be navigated by Prague: Expanding one of the world’s great tramway networks Prague to become an international has its origins as the city’s electricity international visitors has improved cultural centre and popular tourist generation and tramway company appreciably in recent years. Canberra: Australia’s newest tramway destination. created in 1897, a union of activities Research group Euromonitor Prague has an under-development light and urban rail developments. that lasted until 1946. By then, outer motorway ring, currently International ranks it as the European again as Czechoslovakia but not as a Toronto con rms investment plans half-complete, mainly to the west Union’s fourth most-visited city, democracy, the country was within and south. Extending towards the with 8.8m arrivals in 2017. Some key the Soviet Bloc. tourism locations are now pedestrian centre are several broad boulevards Despite Prague’s eventful history Report calls for Glasgow metro growth in a style redolent of the Soviet era zones, although most visitors will and power shifts, outwards expansion £4.60 All pictures by and more recent urban motorways. encounter trams as part of the urban has been a long-term if not evenly- Neil Pulling. Official support is evident for using paced feature of the system. Driver aids Schöneiche Technologies to Berlin’s metre-gauge gains step-free access www.tautonline.com. promote LRT safety www.lrta.org june 2019 / 223

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AUSTRALIA BRISBANE. Bombardier has been awarded a AUD361m (EUR227m) contract to modify the New Generation commuter EMUs, currently being delivered, that were found not to meet the State disability standard due to inadequate specification in the original tender. The Queensland Government is also providing AUD10m (EUR6.3m) to EDI Downer so that its Maryborough factory can be extended to permit several NGR trains to be modified at once; 50 of the 75 trains have been delivered. The 10.2km (6.3-mile) AUD5.4bn (EUR3.4bn) Cross River Rail Link will be built by the Pulse consortium, involving Cimic, Pacific Partnerships, CPB Contractors, UGL Engineering, BAM, Ghella and DIF. Hitachi STS A coupled set of Alstom Citadis X05 trams in Sydney’s Kensington suburb at the start of daylight line testing. J. Cowper will provide ETCS. The work is due to be completed in 2024. IRJ some of these may also appear on Completion is planned for XIAMEN. A new fleet of 43 six-car MELBOURNE. An AUD536m line 12 from time to time, but are 2024-25. D. Drum metro trains have been ordered (EUR337m) contract has been mostly on lines 11 and 70. from CRRC Changchun for use on awarded to the Acciona-led Tram 7157 returned to service CHINA line 3, connecting the city centre Southern Program Alliance (with from 18 March after repairs FUZHOU. Friday 26 April saw and airport from late 2020. IRJ Lendlease and WSP) to replace to accident damage, while the opening of the first phase of three level crossings between 7076/107/12 are being stripped east-west metro line 2, 30.6km DENMARK Cheltenham and Mentone by grade for parts. M. J. Russell, T-2000 (19 miles) from Yangli to AARHUS. The last section of separation. The project includes BRUSSEL/BRUXELLES. Suyang, all on underground the first phase of the tram-train reconstruction of Cheltenham From the introduction of the alignment. Interchange project was inaugurated on and Mentone stations and the revised timetable on 11 March with north-south line 1 is 30 April, the line from Aarhus to provision of more than 3km the maximum run-out (during provided at Nanmendou. Grenaa, and the extension of the (1.9 miles) of walking and cycle the evening peak) is 313 trams, CRRC Tangshan has supplied 31 existing double-track tramway paths and new parking spaces. RGI including 44 7700 series, 49 7900, six-car trains. IRJ from Lisbjerg to Lystrup (on the SYDNEY. Daylight testing on 36 2000, 124 3000 and 60 4000. HARBIN. On 10 April metro Grenaa line). The same date also the South East light rail line started To mark the 150th anniversary line 1 was extended by 8.6km saw a frequency improvement, on 11 April. J. Cowper of the capital’s tramways, on (5.3 miles) from Hananzhan from 30 to 15-minute headways, 30 April HM King Philippe (Harbin South rail station) to on the Aarhus – Marslet section AUSTRIA unveiled a mock-up of the design Xinjiang Dajie. The metro network of the Odder line. The entirety of GRAZ. Work is to start next year on for new trams due for delivery now totals 31.5km (19.6 miles). the former rail line from Grenaa to the 1.8km (1.1-mile) extension to from Bombardier in 2020. T-2000 urbanrail.net Odder is 110km (68.4 miles). IRJ Reininghaus, where 10 000 people OOSTENDE. The coastal tramway HONG KONG. The Peak Tram are expected to move into new inland route via Lombardsijde closed for about three months ETHIOPIA homes on the former brewery site. was abandoned from 17 May in from 23 April for renovation and ADDIS ABABA. The 34km Completion is planned for 2021, favour of the new alignment on installation of new rolling stock (21.1-mile) Addis Ababa Light with line 4 extended to operate the coast road (Zeelaan). T-2000 that will double the line’s capacity. Rail Transit (AALRT) carried 29m Liebenau – Hauptplatz – Hbf – Longer tramcars will carry passengers in the nine months Alte Poststrasse – Reininghaus. CANADA 210 passengers (up from 120), of operation from August 2018, In 2021, line 6 will be extended HAMILTON. The light rail require new haulage and control according to the Ministry of 1.1km (0.7 miles) from project is back on track after systems, replacement tracks and Transport. The USD475m line was Laudongasse to Smart City. EB the provincial government the strengthening of the track 85% funded by the Export-Import offered to lift a funding freeze foundations and bridges. The lower Bank of China and is operated BELGIUM on land purchases for the 14km passing loop will also be extended by the Shenzen Metro Group. ANTWERPEN. Following (nine-mile) alignment from in the HKD684m (EUR77.6m) Ethiopia Times completion of track reconstruction McMaster University to Eastgate project. P. Nicholson and civil engineering works in Sq. Bids from consortia interested JINAN. The first section of metro FINLAND Guldenvlies Straat, trams returned in a DBOM contract are due in was opened for commercial HELSINKI. VR Maintenance has to Lange Leemstraat with the September. D. Drum service on 1 April, 26.2km been awarded a EUR30m contract route changes on 23 April. Tram 4 OTTAWA. Seven four-car (16.3 miles) north-south from to carry out mid-life refurbishment was extended from Groenplaats Stadler Flirt diesel LRVs have Fangte to Gongyanyuan. Trial on 102 metro cars in 2019-2023. via Lange Leemstraat, Berchem been ordered for the Trillium line operation began in January. The refurbishment includes cab, and Eksterlaar to Silsburg, and extension, with delivery from Passengers can pay for travel using body and interior upgrades as well route 9 was curtailed again at Switzerland in 2021-22 at a cost facial analysis technology. After as the installation of improved Eksterlaar. of CAD106m (EUR70.3m). registering with the metro’s app, passenger information systems on Ex-Gent double-ended PCCs Friday 26 April saw financial a passenger’s face is scanned using 39 M100 and 12 M200 trains. 6202/5/7/17/20 are now regulars close reached with the consortia their smart device and uploaded. The contract is significant as on line 12. PCCs without selected for the 44km (27.3-mile) Barrier scanners claim to recognise state-owned railway operator VR couplers that can still be seen are Stage 2 Confederation and Trillium 90% of faces within two seconds. looks to supplement revenues 7001/2/7/8/17/22/45/52/4-6/9; light rail extension projects. urbanrail.net, South China News through the use of its facilities

230 / JUNE 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org The first Tatra-Jug low-floor tram for the Egyptian city of Iskandariyah Görlitz in eastern Germany has taken its tramway back into municipal ownership (Alexandria) is now in service on the Al Ramlh line. T. Hölgte and KT4D 313 is the first tram to receive a new livery to mark this.MN and expertise in maintaining links Lille with Roubaix and GERMANY KÖLN (Cologne). The single- other fleets as well as its own. Tourcoing, including a direct BERLIN. The first class483/484 track section of the former KBE Construction of the Raide- iine from Roubaix to Tourcoing S-Bahn train from Stadler/Siemens (Köln-Bonner Eisenbahnen) line Jokeri light rail line is to begin and Colbert, and links from was unveiled at the Wildenrath 18 between Brühl Mitte and Brühl in June after Espoo City Council Roubaix to Wattrelos, Leers and test track on 10 April. The first ten Badorf re-opened as a double-track approved revised cost estimates Hem. A report is being prepared trains are due to enter service on alignment from 19 April. for the project. The budget for by the Director of Infrastructure line S47 from January 2021. IRJ The city has agreed a direct the 25km (16-mile) line from and Transport for presentation BOCHUM. Bogestra has placed award contract with KVB to operate Itäkeskus in Helsinki to Keilaniemi in June. lineoz.net an order with Stadler for six more the tram and bus network for in Espoo is now EUR386m with LYON. SYTRAL is trying to standard-gauge high-floor 28m 22.5 years from January 2020. the City of Helsinki contributing renegotiate the 30-year contract Tango Stadtbahn cars for delivery This is the maximum length of a EUR286m and the City of with the consortium operating in 2021. The company is also to direct award under EU Regulation Espoo covering the remaining the RhonExpress airport line. modernise the 25 existing B80D 1370/2007. EUR118m. The 33-stop line is Three objectives are on the agenda: Stadtbahn-B cars used on line U35. The 198km (123-mile) tramway scheduled to open in June 2024. IRJ lowering the price of the shuttle, The new 28m double-ended three- network is operated by 382 LRVs ending Rhônexpress’s contractual section vehicles will have capacity and carries 213m passengers/ FRANCE monopoly with the opening to for 172 passengers, 66 seated. year. DS ANNECY. The community competition, and allowing better The order brings the total of Stadler MANNHEIM (RNV). The first council has voted to carry out an service to the east of Lyon. To vehicles in the fleet to 99. DS Variobahn of series 2215-2222 18-month tramway feasibility do this, the authority wants to BREMEN. A new tramline 5 was left for mid-life refurbishment at study, and has started public introduce an improved frequency introduced from 30 March linking VIS in Halberstadt on 7 April. DS consultation meetings. The on T3, that uses the same tracks, Bürgerpark and Gröpelingen every MÜLHEIM/Ruhr. The city agglomération has a population and possibly operate a slower tram 20 minutes Monday-Saturday council has published plans to of 210 000 and the heaviest bus service to the airport. IRJ until 20.30. The line provides a save another EUR7m from its route links Glaisins with Seynod NICE. The first trams started trial two-way connection between public transport budget, by closing via the city centre. lineoz.net running in the line 2 subway from Hauptbahnhof, Überseestadt, tramline 104 and cutting back line AVIGNON. Test running on Magnan to the city centre on Waterfront and Gröpelingen. 102 to Friedhof Broich. WAZ.de the new tramway started on 21 March; driver training started Along with the introduction of MÜNCHEN (Munich). The 29 April. Passenger service on the on 23 April and a simulated the new line, the bus routes 20, Federal Government has agreed 5.1km (3.2-mile) line is service was due from 3 June. 26 and 28 will be adjusted to to fund the EUR145m project expected to begin in June, using Passengers should be carried as far better link the Überseestadt with to extend the S-Bahn east from three-section Alstom Citadis XO5 as Alsace Lorraine in the second its local neighbourhoods of Walle, Flughafen to Erdingen and low-floor trams. EA half of June, and on the remainder Findorff and the University. DS Altenerding (connecting with line CAEN. Opening of the new of the line in the autumn. COTTBUS. The EUR20m project S4). The project will take until 2029 tramway has been brought While the surface section to rebuild the tram and bus to complete in its entirety. IRJ forward from September to 27 features stop-charging for the station at Bahnhof will be SCHÖNEICHE. Wednesday 1 July, thanks to good progress with system’s Citadis X05 trams, completed in mid-August. DS May was the first day when both the testing phase. A countdown overhead contact wires are used DÜSSELDORF. After ongoing ex-Helsinki Artic trams, will be set up in the city centre at in the subway and at the depot. issues with its Bombardier HF6 LRVs, 51-52, were in service the end of Marechal Leclerc Rapid progress is being made on Rheinbahn is preparing a tender together, and all departures Boulevard and the future St Peter line 3, with opening expected for 90-100 new Stadtbahn cars. DS are now worked by trams with station, what is termed ‘T-Day’ for December. I. Nicol GOTHA. Trams 301 (1981 KT4D) low-floor access. is intended to echo the 75th PARIS. The re-opening of light and 518 (ex-Mannheim Duewag) SRS has ordered a third Artic anniversary of D-Day. rail line T4, planned for May, has have been scrapped. DS for delivery in spring 2020; this Dummy service was to start in been postponed to September. HALBERSTADT. The tramway will come off the production line June, with trams running from The line is being prepared for an was closed from 18 April to 1 May after completion of the order station square to the northern extension to Montfermeil, and to permit track renewals. DS for 72 trams of the same type for terminus of line 1 on campus 2. problems have been found with karlsruhe. The ground- Helsinki. DS Three lines are to serve Caen la the new signalling system. breaking ceremony for the 1.5km > For an in-depth look at the mer: T1, Hérouville Saint Clair – A further 23 three-car metro (0.9-mile) extension of route 2 introduction of the Artic low-floor Ifs – Jean Vilar; T2, Caen – Campus trains have been ordered from took place at the future Egon- trams on the SRS, see page 219. 2, Caen – Peninsula; T3: Caen – Alstom for EUR100m, to be Eiermann-Allee stop on 29 April. STUTTGART. The city has Castle-Quatrans – Fleury – Hauts used on future lines 16 and 17. Due to open in late 2020, the approved the EUR11.9m extension de l’Orne. actu.fr This increases the number of trains EUR14m extension has received of line U5 from Leinfelden Bhf to LILLE. Plans are being developed on order to 48. They will start a EUR6.1m contribution from the Leinfelden Neuer Markt. Work to expand the tramway that arriving in 2022. RGI Land of Baden-Württemberg. RGI should be completed in 2021. DS

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 231 Worldwide Review

in July, and it is hoped to open KATOWICE. From 1 April the the 13km (eight-mile) first phase northern section of line 3 from of the light rail line in September Zabrze to Mikulczyce is closed linking Port Louis and Rose for major track reconstruction. Hill. The manufacturer is also In Bytom reconstruction in supplying signalling and telecoms Katowcka and south towards and automatic vehicle location Chorzów continues; trams systems (AVLS), depot equipment from Katowice reverse at and a driver training simulator. the old Lagewniki depot. Completion of the line to Curepipe The reconstruction contract for is planned for September 2021. IRJ line 38 has not been let, so work will not start until the autumn. NETHERLANDS In Brynow the terminal loop is AMSTERDAM. Since 3 March being reconstructed and a single- metro line 51 has operated Centraal track stub terminus created on the Station – Zuid – Isolatorweg and north side of the viaduct, requiring CAF sets of type M6/M7 are often double-ended trams on lines 16 seen in service. and 36. While this is in progress Approaching 45 years old, but still worthy of renovation, Yekateringburg, Russia, The first CAF 15G from the line 6 has been curtailed at Katowice, Tatra T3 510 (ex-149) looks smart on a trial run from the workshop. Rezident 2016 order for 63 five-section Plac Miarki. Since 23 March line double-ended trams arrived 24 has been cut back to the end of HUNGARY May after which the project will in the city on 26 April, after a the double track in Konstantynow BUDAPEST. The extension move to the planning stage. ten-day journey from Spain. The due to reconstruction between of tramline 1 to Kelenföld This is to include detailed costings 2.4m wide trams have space for there and Str Orkzei, with a vasútállomás is due to open on and could lead to route variations. 175 passengers, 50 seated. OR drastically reduced service of one 10 July. It is expected that a Railway Order DEN HAAG. The extension of double-ended car every 40-50 Planning contracts have application will be made in 2020, RandstadRail line 4 to Zoetermeer minutes to Sosnowiec station. been awarded for the northern with a decision anticipated in Lansingerland opened to Rebodied ex-Frankurt/Main Pt extension of metro line M3 to 2021. Construction is likely to passenger service on 19 May. OR trams are 903/5/8/13. M. J. Russell Káposztásmegyer, partly on the take six to seven years with a first ROTTERDAM. A 19 March report WARSZAWA. Pesa has alignment of tramline 14. IRJ phase potentially opening in 2027. to the city council was still unable withdrawn its appeal against the to give a date for the start of award of a contract for new trams INDIA ISLE OF MAN metro service to Hoek van Holland to Hyundai Rotem, and a contract MUMBAI. Alstom has been DOUGLAS. Replacement track due to continuing problems with was expected to be signed in May. awarded a contract for signalling along the Promenade from the software communicating between traminfo.pl and telecoms on metro lines depot towards the Villa Marina trains and level crossing gates. 2A, 2B and 7 using its Urbalis was being laid in early April, Finance from the construction PORTUGAL ATO system. RGI although passenger services were and equipment budget for the PORTO. Tenders have been invited likely to start a week or two later project is due to become exhausted for the construction of a 2.5km INDONESIA than the anticipated 25 April. in August as the delay is costing a (1.6-mile) sub-surface light rail INDUSTRY. State-owned A season closure date of reported EUR1.5m per month. OR line G between Casa da Música and rolling stock manufacturer PT 3 November remains in place but São Bento with two intermediate Industri Kereta Api is building this may be amended subject to NEW ZEALAND stations, and the 3.2km (two- a new factory as part of a joint Promenade reconstruction works. AUCKLAND. The cost of the City mile) southern extension of line D venture with Stadler. It is hoped Planning permission to erect Rail Link has risen by NZD1bn from Santo Ovidio to Villa d’Este. to start production in 2020, a marquee on the Summerland (EUR594.6m) to NZD4.4bn The two projects were approved with orders from south-east Asia car park to house the horse trams (EUR2.6bn) following tendering in December, and are costed at and Australasia. IRJ for the summer season has been for the largest part of the EUR307m with EUR100m allocated granted for a 12-month temporary construction contract. Auckland from EU funds. In addition 18 IRAN period, pending construction of a Transport has announced plans new LRVs, with capacity for 240 TEHRAN. On 7 April President replacement permanent depot at to franchise commuter rail passengers, 60 seated, are required Hassan Rouhani inaugurated Strathallan. The tramway will be service, including the City Rail Link for delivery in 2021-23. the first 9km (5.6-mile) section extended a short distance to serve that is due to open in 2024. IRJ Metro do Porto has received of metro line 6 from Shohada the temporary depot. three bids in relation to its tender Square (interchange with line 4) to PANAMA for 18 new trams – from CRRC Dowlat Abad. urbanrail.net ITALY PANAMA CITY. The 21km Tangshan, Siemens and Škoda. MESSINA. The Italian transport (13-mile) metro line 2 from San Deliveries are envisaged IRELAND ministry has reminded the Miguelito (interchange with line to take place at a rate of one DUBLIN. Publication of station mayor that it will not fund any 1) to Neuvo Tocumen opened on vehicle per month from 2021-23. layouts and access arrangements replacement for the tramway 25 April, worked by 21 five-car In 2018, 62.6m passenger for the proposed MetroLink line until 2033, 30 years after the start Alstom Metropolis trains. IRJ journeys were recorded across the from Swords confirms that it will of operation, thereby defeating network, a 3.4% increase on the now terminate at Charlemont plans to close the line this year. POLAND previous year. RGI with the remainder of the route Instead the ministry has allocated GDANSK. A further 15 five-section connecting with, not running over, EUR11m for immediate upgrades 29.7m Pesa Jazz Duo double-ended RUSSIA the current Luas line to Sandyford. and refurbishment of the system’s low-floor trams are to be purchased KRASNODAR. On 29 April a However, the curtailment is Cityway vehicles, and EUR100m for delivery by the end of 2020; contract was signed with Ust- unlikely to reduce the overall for refurbishment and a northern the procurement is being partly Katav for the supply of 27 71-623 cost due to additional sections extension from Annunziata to financed by fines imposed on the 40% low-floor bogie trams costing being in-tunnel and to an the university. This should boost manufacturer for late delivery of RUR672.3m (EUR9.3m). Delivery improved Luas Green line service patronage from the current 10 000 the initial batch of 15. traminfo.pl is due by November. transphoto.ru level of a 55m length tram every passengers/day. RGI GORZÓW WIELKOPOLSKI. MOSKVA. On trial on the two minutes as part of a ten-year The delivery date of the first Pesa city’s tracks in April were trams upgrade to the line. MAURITIUS Twist low-floor tram (301) was 16 displayed at InnoTrans last year: A fresh period of public PORT LOUIS. CAF will start April, with the first test runs taking Lev 71-934, an eight-axle car consultation will end in mid- delivery of 18 45.4m Urbos trams place a few days later. traminfo.pl from PK Transportnye Sistemy,

232 / JUNE 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org and Lvyonok 71-911, a bogie tram the metre-gauge line. There will from the same manufacturer. Both be a further closure, of the section trams took their place in the annual from Semsales to Châtel-St-Denis tram parade on 20 April together from 19 October to 3 November. with replica horse tram 35, 164 Bus substitution services will (F)+1113 (H), 932 (BF) + 4360 (S) replace the trains. EA (the latter newly-restored), 2170 NEUCHÂTEL. The first of the (KM) + 2556 (KP), 0002 (KTM-1) + ex-Trognerbahn low-floor trams 1002 (KTP-1), 1278 (MTV-82), 222 was delivered to the depot on (RVZ-6), 378 (T2), 481 (T3), 5993 8 April. (T3SU), 0001 (T6), 7005 (T7), 3001 ST GALLEN (AB). The last two (LM-2000) and works cars 3075, Stadler Tango (Be4/6 4010/1 + 3490, 0415 and 0221 (T3SU). ABe4/6 4110/1) were delivered transphoto.ru at the end of February, which SANKT PETERBURG. A tender permitted a 15-minute service to is being issued for the supply of be introduced Trogen – St Gallen 21 articulated low-floor trams – Teufen from 18 March. EA with three body sections and WALDENBURG – LIESTAL three bogies. traminfo.pl (BLT). On 26 April the CHF54m (EUR47.3m) contract was Kyiv in Ukraine has taken delivery of its first Tatra-Jug low-floor tram. Andrey SINGAPORE signed with Stadler for ten Be6/8 MASS TRANSIT RAILWAY. metre-gauge trams for use on on 2 April. Ten are on order for The next sets to be supplied will The Land Transport Authority the re-gauged 13km (eight-mile) left bank services. be three-car hybrid diesel/battery is to build a metro train test line from the December 2022 On 4 April Kyivpastrans signed a units for Transport for Wales centre at Tuas near the existing timetable change. The new 45m contract with Pesa for ten Fokstrot which are to be introduced on Tuas West depot. This will be trams, to be built in Valencia, will trams equipped for multiple-unit the Wrexham – Bidston, Crewe – developed so that in due course be tested on AVA at Bremgarten operation. traminfo.pl Chester and Llandudno – Blaenau additional maintenance when delivery starts in October Ffestiniog routes later in the year. competencies can be taken on 2021. Basler Zeitung UNITED KINGDOM NOTTINGHAM. The return of in-house, including R&D and BLACKPOOL. April saw the trams to the streets of the city has mid-life train refurbishment. RDI THAILAND introduction of the summer been celebrated with the release BANGKOK. Siemens has begun timetable, which follows the of a new video marking NET’s SPAIN delivery of 35 three-car metro trains format of 2018 with trams every 15th anniversary. The short film BARCELONA. Further to our for the MRT Blue line extension ten minutes from Starr Gate to illustrates significant milestones April news, resumption of building from Bang Sue to Tha Pra, due to Fleetwood, reducing to a tram every in the tramway’s life, including work on the unfinished central open in March 2020. IRJ 15 minutes after around 20.00. the opening of the two new lines part of the L9 metro line between The service will be supplemented to Clifton South and Toton Lane La Sagrera and Zona Universitaria TURKEY by the operation of heritage in 2015. is conditional on a EUR740m loan ISTANBUL. National government trams on certain days. SOUTH YORKSHIRE. April from the European Investment plans for a metro line crossing The Transport Focus Tram saw the start of the next phase of Bank. This in turn was granted under the Bosporus have been Passenger Survey that resulted in works to replace 22km (14 miles) on condition that the project was unveiled. The 30.2km (18.8-mile) a customer satisfaction score of of Supertram track. Work will included in the Catalan budget line would link Incirli on the 97% also saw an increase in how continue in two phases to the end for 2019, initially expected to be European side with Sögütlüçesme satisfied customers are with value of August. Five areas mainly around presented and voted on at the end in Asia, and the tunnel would be for money (up 3%) and punctuality Shalesmoor and Hillsborough are of 2018. 4.3km (2.7 miles) long, combined (up 2%). Overall satisfaction due for relaying, starting with However, with the present with road tunnels. with the tramstop environment the tracks in Middlewood Road. political stalemate in the Catalan Plans have been announced also increased by 5%. Trams on both the Blue and parliament, this has not yet by the municipality for a third GREATER MANCHESTER. Yellow services are terminating happened and so with the passing heritage tramway, in Esenler, The Rail Accident Investigation at Hillsborough until 2 August, of the deadline the project has a 2.2km (1.4-mile) line linking Branch is to study the series of with a package of connecting been delayed by a year – work Menderes metro station and events that led a passenger to tram-replacement bus services will now hopefully restart in 2020 Yildiz Technical University. fall onto the track at Metrolink’s serving the Malin Bridge and at the earliest with completion It would be a single-track line Ashton-under-Lyne terminus. The Middlewood branches. After this scheduled for 2026-27. R. Felski served by just one tram, estimated incident happened on 12 March. phase of works has been completed, MADRID. Arroyofresno station to cost TYL10.5m (EUR1.6m). The passenger, described by track in the Shalesmoor area will on metro line 7 was opened on Subject to final approval, the RAIB as “in a vulnerable be tackled during the quieter 23 March. To mark the centenary completion could be in 2020. RGI condition”, had alighted and August period. of metro operation, restored subsequently leant on the side The use of Dayrider tickets on museum sets are displayed at UNITED ARAB EMIRATES of the tram, falling from the the Rotherham tram-train line Charmartiín station. urbanrail.net DUBAI. The Roads and Transport platform after he was no longer has been extended until May 2020. Authority is trialling driver fatigue supported once the vehicle had The current adult charge of SWITZERLAND monitoring technology on the left. He remained on the track GBP4.20 (EUR4.90) represents LANDQUART – FILISUR/ Al Sufouh tramway, using the until spotted by the driver of the good value, with a single fare at DAVOS (RhB). Car 3112, the same system already in operation next tram, who stopped short, and GBP2.50. first of 36Flügel four-car ABe4/16 on the Emirate’s buses that has was subsequently taken to hospital. TYNE & WEAR. A video has been EMUs was unveiled at Stadler reduced incidents by 65%. The LONDON (UNDERGROUND). released to mark spending on the Altenrhein on 15 April. The fleet RTA has also installed surveillance The first Class 230 D Train, a Metro: All change modernisation will start entering service in the cameras in more than 10 000 remanufactured former D78 programme passing GBP300m late autumn. There is an option taxis. Arabian Business Underground set, entered service (EUR349m). The film highlights remaining for a further 11 sets. IRJ on the Marston Vale railway line schemes completed since MONTBOVON – PALÉZIEUX. UKRAINE between Bletchley and Bedford the project began in 2010. There are no trains between KYIV. The first Tatra-Jug on 23 April. It is the first of three Some GBP50m (EUR58m) Palézieux and Châtel-St-Denis K1M6 26.8m articulated 70% two-car sets reconstructed by remains in the budget to take the from 4 March to 3 November to low-floor tram to join the fleet, Vivarail for the line, which is scheme to 2021, and Passenger permit infrastructure renewal on 511, was unveiled at a press event operated by West Midlands Trains. Transport Executive Nexus is

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months from 17 March. Nicholas Owen driving the The first fare gates able to read official first train. The Volk’s chip-equipped credit and debit Electric Railway Association will cards as well as smartphone resume its programme of ‘Late payment systems were introduced Running Evenings’ on the last from 31 May. ERA, R. Barrows Sunday of each month April- PHOENIX, AZ. The South October, normally 17.00-19.30, Central light rail extension has but 15.00-16.30 on the last Sundays received approval for engineering of September and October. design from the FTA. A full > For a detailed exploration of funding agreement is expected in the history of the railway, see the 2020, so that the project can be June 2019 edition of our sister title completed before Phoenix hosts Tramway Review. the Superbowl in 2023. D. Drum SEATON (UK). The tramway has SALT LAKE CITY, UT. The been awarded the Visit England USD5.9m project to double- Welcome Accolade, recognising track line S from Fairmont to outstanding customer service. Central Pointe was completed on It was the only tourist attraction in 10 April. F. M. Cain Devon to win the award for 2018. SAN DIEGO, CA. On 21 April the San Jose LRV 904 stands at the Alamedan terminus that is likely to be abandoned first S700 Siemens LRVs (5001-45) later this year. J. May entered service on the Blue line, currently negotiating a further choice of Charlotte for the 2020 followed by the Orange line on programme to 2025 with the Republican National Convention 9 June. IRJ Department for Transport. in late August, which will stop all SAN JOSE, CA. VTA is proposing www.idesign.se A fleet of newMetrocars is also to work on the line for at least 100 to close the 3.5km (2.2-mile) be introduced from 2021. days due to the security envelope Alamedan Shuttle light rail line, WEST MIDLANDS. The next that will be in force. which is used by only around 300 CONTRIBUTORS phase of construction of the The existing heritage tramway passengers/day. This is not the first Worldwide news items for Westside line to Five Ways will operation on a 2km (1.2-mile) time this proposal has been aired, inclusion should be sent to see closure of the underpass there section of the line will be and comes as the 2018 operating Michael Taplin at Flat 8, Roxan from early June for at least two shut down for eight months deficit on the whole light rail and Villa, 33 Landguard Manor Rd, years – although once the tramline from this summer as the stations bus system has reached USD26m. Shanklin, Isle of Wight PO37 is completed it is hoped use of need to be rebuilt with higher The remaining operation will 6EA, UK. Fax: +44 (0)1983 862810 the underpass will be restricted platforms. Charlotte Observer be colour-coded, with the Blue or e-mail [email protected] to trams. The closure is to be CLEVELAND, OH. A study by LTK line operating Baypointe – Santa UK and Ireland items are the first of a package of works in Engineering has recommended Teresa, the Green line Old Ironsides welcomed by the Home News the Broad Street area, which is one replacing the RTA’s fleet of ageing – Winchester and an Orange line Editor, John Symons, 17 Whitmore of Birmingham’s main rail vehicles within five years; Mountain View – Alum Rock, Avenue, Werrington, Stoke- entertainment districts. 34 heavy rapid transit cars all every 15 minutes for most of on-Trent, ST9 0LW, UK. E-mail A planning application has should be delivered by 2023 and the day. J. May [email protected]. now been made for the proposed 24 LRVs by 2028 to mitigate SEATTLE, WA. The FTA has Acknowledgements are due third passenger access to rising maintenance costs and approved the Federal Way Link to actu.fr, Arabian Business, Birmingham’s Snow Hill railway scarcity of spares. light rail extension, making a Basler Zeitung, Charlotte Observer, station. This is designed to offer The total fleet will be reduced USD790m capital investment Derby Telegraph, Drehscheibe easier and faster links between the thanks to the greater reliability grant likely to cover 25% of the (DS), Eisenbahn (EB), Eisenbahn station and St Chad’s metro stop. of new fleets, and the report cost. The 12.2km (7.6-mile) line Amateur (EA), Electric Railroaders’ suggests an average cost of will link Angle Lake with Federal Association (ERA), Ethiopia Times, USA USD3m/vehicle for the heavy rail Way Transit Center, and should International Railway Journal BETHESDA – NEW fleet and USD4m for each LRV be ready to open in 2024. IRJ (IRJ), Irish Independent, lineoz. CARROLLTON, MD. The for a total overall renewal budget net, Mass Transit, Nottingham Federal Transit Administration of USD198m. R. Barrows, IRJ MUSEUM NEWS Evening Post, Op de Rails (OR), has announced USD120m in DALLAS, TX. The DART board BRIGHTON (UK). Operation Railway Gazette International (RGI), federal funding for the new 26.1km has approved renaming two of the Volk’s Electric Railway for South China News, Tram 2000 (16.2-mile) light rail line in the stations: Union Station becomes the summer season began on 10 (T-2000), traminfo.pl, urbanrail. 2019 fiscal year. The project has EBJ Union Station and Fort Worth’s April, with an ‘official opening’ on net, WAZ.de, and Wolverhampton been under construction since Intermodal Transportation Center 13 April and television personality Express & Star. August 2017 and is due to be becomes Fort Worth Central. complete in late 2022. D. Drum LOS ANGELES, CA. LACMTA BUFFALO, NY. The state opened the Southwestern Yard budget for the next five years on 5 April, a USD172m project to includes USD100m for the serve the Green and Crenshaw/ Niagara Frontier Transportation LAX light rail lines. Up to 70 LRVs Authority dedicated to capital will operate from the new 10 680m2 expenditure on the light rail line, (115 000sq. ft) depot, which also including a contribution towards has facilities for repair, cleaning the 10.2km (6.3-mile) extension and support staff. D. Drum to the University North Campus, NEW YORK, NY. Delivery of all estimated to cost USD1.7bn, 188 four-car R-179 subway sets but qualifying for an 80% was completed with the arrival of federal match. D. Drum 3241-5 in late April; 120 five-car CHARLOTTE, NC. The extension sets of the same type will now be of the Gold Line Streetcar through delivered with pilot train 3010- Uptown will probably not open 9 tested on line A in February. until early 2021 rather than Astoria Blvd station is closed August 2020. The reason is the for rebuilding for nine

234 / JUNE 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org Letters

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Autonomous trams and independent decision-making The increasing interest in investigating autonomous and crowd. The second was the Bourke Street Mall, approaching driverless trams is something that is sure to attract the attention midnight one New Years’ Eve. How long would a driverless tram of many readers. I think it should be progressed, however as a sit patiently there? How badly would the service be delayed? former Melbourne driver, I am particularly interested in how In my case, with both groups, I slowed my approach so as to the concept will deal with people on the track. be able to stop the tram very quickly if anybody did not move, Programming trams to stop before hitting anyone should but still maintained enough speed to clearly show that I had be simple enough as this technology is already applied to no intention of stopping. I rang the gong repeatedly and with other road vehicles. I just wonder how it would handle some the B class in the Mall I also flashed the high beam headlight scenarios which confronted me, daily on the Route 96 ‘light on and off every few seconds. rail’ between St Kilda Beach and East Brunswick. On both occasions the crowd dispersed – a truly spectacular In the city it runs through the Bourke Street Mall where sight! I lost maybe 5-10 seconds on each occasion, and the same people may wander anywhere they like. Besides distracted approach works the same with much smaller obstructions. pedestrians, buskers ply their trade at lunchtime each day; the After all, a good tram driver will use controlled aggression more successful ones draw a good audience which can extend while at the controls to help stay on time. over the tramlines. What would the driverless tram do in such I also wonder what a fully-automated tram would do when a situation – sit there until the crowd disperses after the busker faced with a group of young people who, upon realising that has finished? the tram is driverless, decide to intentionally bring it to a stop On two night-time occasions, I had a large mob totally for as long as possible. Such people would not last five seconds blocking the street, including the tram tracks. The first was on against the average Melbourne tram driver – and likely any Swanson Street, just north of the city centre and outside the other operator anywhere in the world. university where students from that establishment formed the Richard Youl, Gold Coast (Australia)

A different approach to low-floor Is segregation truly the best way? than lucky old Sheffield and Nottingham As someone who grew up during World Reinhold Schröter’s article in TAUT 977 which have very successful light rail systems. War Two, and was taken for a ‘last ride’ on a gave a fascinating insight into how Stuttgart It really does seem that a city’s ‘face has Manchester bogie car by my father a few days Straßenbahnen has approached the issue to fit’ before any kind of political support before the system closed – and just of light rail safety: remove the potential for from London is obtained. How on earth has remembers trams in Salford, Leeds and interactions with other road users, limit the Manchester, but only Manchester, managed Bradford – I wish to offer an opinion of number of level crossings and implement to achieve such an extensive system? Manchester trams today. metro-style signalling. If only this was What we want and need is shovels digging Having been born in Altrincham, and a possible everywhere. in the roadway and the laying of rails, not only regular user of the electric trains to Oxford One of the key benefits of modern in Birmingham, but in Leeds and Liverpool Road for many years until I finished at tramways is their ability to blend seamlessly and the rest. We’ve had enough talk! Manchester University, I became interested into the urban environment, giving ease of John Gilbert, by e-mail in the ‘MART’ proposals. In fact I still have a access and maximising modal shift. Placing copy of the booklet that was produced at the physical barriers between passengers and Choices have long-term consequences time. Later, moving to live in North Wales, the operational infrastructure may well If ever proof were needed that transport I was delighted to see Manchester opening the reduce accidents and increase reliability, but decisions have long-term consequences, UK’s first new street tramway system. does this also reduce the accessibility of the consider the story in TAUT 977 that Berlin’s However there were two things I didn’t service and move us closer to the concept of tramway is finally to expand in a big way like: One was sitting behind a bulkhead with ‘miniature trains in the streets’ rather than into the West. no forward view; the other was the raised ‘bigger and more reliable buses on rails’? I say ‘the West’, but in 2019 it is 30 years platforms in the city centre, which at rush N. Martyn, Oslo (Norway) since the Berlin Wall fell, and 29 years since hour made one feel very vulnerable. unification of the two German states. Now the system is much extended, isn’t Does the UK really need ‘new ideas’? Yet only now are we talking about more it about time that low-floor trams became The front cover of the April issue (976) carries than a minimal return of trams into what the norm? Surely it would be less expensive the headline ‘UK calls for new ideas on light was once the isolated city of West Berlin – in and possibly more energy-efficient if usage rail’ – frankly, that seems once more like the and among growth that also includes further of existing railway stations was dealt with British political establishment trying like expansion in the former East. by ballast infill, raising the rails and using mad to avoid making any decisions on light Even so, we are still talking years… existing platforms before then dropping the rail in this country. for example, as TAUT reported, “Spandau, rails back to track level. This would surely We don’t want ‘new ideas’. There have where the last trams on West Berlin’s reduce brake usage on arrival, and current been plenty of these all over the known first-generation network ran in 1966, will see draw on departure. world for at least the past 60 years. No, I’m trams again in 2029”. That will be more than Altrincham station still deals with mainline afraid this is just the usual Government 60 years after closure. railway trains to Northwich, but has other response to almost everything imaginative The Communist authorities in the former platforms for heavy rail services. I am sure and far-sighted – kick it into the long grass DDR (East Germany) did much that was it could be worth considering wherever and hope nothing happens. hideous but, without excusing that, at least redundant heavy rail facilities are being I wonder if you recall that in 2005 [then East Berlin’s tramway survived. Otherwise, utilised for light rail services. Transport Secretary] Alastair Darling how much light rail would really exist in Does anyone else feel this way? cancelled tramway schemes in both Liverpool Germany’s capital today? Glyn Lancaster Jones, by e-mail and Leeds – both cities with larger populations G. Hanrahan, by e-mail

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 235 Classic Trams A dual-gauge German rarity German tramway preservation is largely concentrated on systems where cars can be operated in authentic environments. Mike Russell visits one of the few free-standing museums. 1

f the tramway museums in The next oldest Hamburg motor car is been fabricated. The set is exhibited in the Germany, the one in the N6 two-axle tram 2734, built by Falkenried Aumühle locomotive shed. northern resort of Schönberger in 1926 for the Hamburger Hochbahn AG The standard-gauge trailer fleet includes Strand is arguably the least (HHA). This car has suffered from the effects the body only of Hamburg A3 car 540 of visited, certainly amongst foreign of weather and vandalism, but repairs to the 1906/7; 1306, type VF2B, a Falkenried-built Oenthusiasts. This is the tramway museum for front, damaged in an accident in Hamburg, bogie car of 1928, originally 3522; 1786, Hamburg, a once-great system that should have been completed except for the windows. type Z2Bu, a two-axle product of the HAWA arguably never have closed. All subsequent Hamburg trams are of works in 1926; 1981, type V5B, a single-ended It is to the credit of the volunteers at the four-axle design. In 1928 the Falkenried Grossraum car built by Uerdingen in 1941; Verein Verkehrsamateure und Museumsbahn works produced 30 double-ended bogie motor 4683, a 1952 product of the LHB works, later e.V. (VVM) that representatives of this fleet cars (type V2) and a similar number of trailers; rebuilt to type V6BE; and 4391, a V7BE-type have survived. More than that, this little 2930 is at the museum. It was converted to Grossraum single-ended Orenstein & Koppel museum enjoys a distinction shared with single-ended layout in 1950 and after accident car of 1957. Not all these cars are currently only a handful of others worldwide, for its damage was rebuilt with more modern styling serviceable. Hannover is represented by tracks are laid to both standard (1435mm) than its compatriots, renumbered 3006. two-axle HAWA trailer 1010 of 1928. and the more unusual 1100mm gauge. Only In 2018 this car was undergoing overhaul four tramways adopted this gauge, three of in the museum’s workshops but is basically Narrow-gauge collection them in northern Germany: Braunschweig, in operational condition. A second V2, in Examples from all three German tramways Kiel and Lübeck. Of these, only Braunschweig non-rebuilt condition, is 3029, which survives laid to 1100mm-gauge feature in the is still in operation, having aborted an as car K1 of the Walddörferbahn, to which collection, although only examples from expensive regauging programme. Kiel and subsidiary line it was transferred in 1950. It is Braunschweig and Kiel are currently Lübeck closed their tramways in 1986 and currently stored off-site under a tarpaulin at operational. Braunschweig 7553 is a 1959 respectively, leaving just the Carioca the Wohldorf railway shed. 1975-built Duewag six-axle articulated car (Santa Teresa) tramway in Rio de Janeiro as the In 1937-40 the Falkenried works produced with the ‘Mannheim’ frontal design, acquired other surviving 1100mm-gauge operation. a series of fivetype V3 bogie vehicles with by the VVM in autumn 2015. It is a regular The museum site is constricted and the stylish bodywork that became something of performer on the narrow-gauge tracks and running-line consists of a single track, laid in a template for future rolling stock. Car 2970 shares this duty with Kiel 241, a 1957 Duewag mixed gauge, with balloon loops at each end. has been restored and is in regular operation. Grossraum bogie car acquired in 1987. Track cognoscenti will have an interesting Examples of the post-war bogie cars built by Three other 1100mm-gauge motor cars time, for the arrangement requires the Falkenried include V6 3060 of 1952; 3644, are included. Tram 140 is a two-axle double- layout of the third (1100mm) rail to change formerly 3044, later rebuilt as type V6E; and ended car built by Herbrand of Köln in 1900 sides during the course of circumnavigating finally 3361, one of the final batch of single- and later converted to Kiel railgrinder 351. the outer loop so that trucks can correctly ended bogie cars built by Linke-Hoffman- The eventual restoration of this car will be to follow the appropriate layout on return. The Busch (LHB) for the HHA in 1957. The unique its state in passenger service during the period 1100mm-gauge does not continue around the Belgian-built PCC car 3060 of 1951, which 1935-60, as many modifications to the original home terminal loop and cars have to reverse after sale in 1958 served as Bruxelles 7000, is electrical equipment and running gear are now to gain the terminal stand. This complex and also in VVM ownership but on long-term loan irreversible. The pair of 1951-built Duewag unusual layout well repays close study. to the Skjoldenæsholm museum in Denmark. Verbandstyp single-ended two-axle cars, Kiel The tramway co-exists with a preserved The standard-gauge fleet also contains 195 and 196, started life in Lübeck as 249 and railway and volunteers serve both lines. Hannover 202, one of the two-axle cars 242 respectively. Car 249 is understood to The railway, on which regular steam built by HAWA in the late 1920s, presented have been Lübeck’s last tram and is eventually and diesel journeys are operated, runs to in rebuilt 1950s condition. Two former 1927 to be restored to that condition; sister car 242 Schönberg (Holstein) but is outside our scope. Berlin TM36 cars are included: HAWA-built is undergoing restoration to its Kiel state. 3487 and Bremen-built 3495, both of which In store in the ‘tram-port’ are two former The standard-gauge fleet were rebuilt in 1936. Car 3495 is the VVM’s Kiel trailers: 64, a 1939-built Uerdingen two- Most rolling stock falls within the 1435mm- most recent restoration and an excellent job axle car latterly converted to single-ended gauge and, in addition to the collection it is, being ceremonially readmitted to the configuration; and 80, a 1949 Duewag Aufbau of Hamburg cars, includes examples from running fleet in 2018. car, originally a double-ended version as Berlin and Hannover. Pride of the Hamburg One special standard-gauge car is Lübeck 53. Two of Kiel’s long-serving works collection is two-axle car 656, built by the Wohldorf 3, built by Busch in 1905 as part of cars, 353 and 354, are also in store; 354, dating local Falkenried works in 1894 as part of the the initial fleet of the Elektrische Kleinbahn from 1908, ended its working life as a curve- city’s first series of electric tramcars. Altrahlstedt – Volksdorf, opened in 1904 and lubrication car, whilst 353 is a more modern As one of the first 275type B models, 656 extended to Wohldorf in 1907. The line, the track-cleaner built by Schörling in 1950. was initially fitted with just one motor; later short outer section of which survived until The tramway section of the museum is cars had two. Billed as Germany’s oldest 1961, had many features of a rural tramway. open Wednesday-Sunday from late March to operational electric tramcar, at 125 years Motor cars customarily hauled double-deck October, generally 11.00-17.00, with additional of age, appearances in passenger service are trailers with unglazed upper-decks fitted with operating days on peak season Thursdays and restricted, generally to one round trip per day. knifeboard seating. These are represented Saturdays; see www.vvm-museumsbahn.de/ type A1 trailer 310 of 1902 and built by the by 56 (Busch, 1906), whose original top index for details. Bus route 200 operates hourly same manufacturer, later rebuilt as class A7, deck was removed after the line’s 1934 between Kiel Hbf and Schönberger Strand; see is under restoration in the depot. acquisition by HHA; a replacement has since the DB website for the detailed timetable.

236 / JUNE 2019 www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org 1. As with many museums, several cars are housed in vital covered accommodation pending attention in the restoration queue. One such car is HAWA-built Z2Bu trailer 1786, dating from 1926.

2. Germany’s oldest operable electric tramcar is this Hamburg veteran (656) dating from 1894, one of the numerous class B cars built by the local Falkenried works. Its appearances on the line are now rare. This view was taken on 11 June 2005 after completing its sole return journey of the day.

3. A meeting of the gauges at the line’s inner terminus, with plenty of interesting trackwork in the foreground. On the right is the museum’s most recent restoration, Berlin TM36 car 3495, built by Bremen in 1927. In the background is the Duewag 1100mm-gauge car acquired from Braunschweig (7553) in 2015. 2 4. Hamburg 2970 was one of a small series of bogie cars built by Falkenried in the period 1937-41 and is a regular performer on the museum’s standard-gauge circuit. This view shows it leaving the loop at the inner end of the line at the end of the day’s service, with the open-sided ‘tram port’ behind.

5. On the workshop lifts in May 2018 was Hamburg V2 bogie car 3006 of 1928 which, historically, after sustaining accident damage, was rebuilt with more modern bodywork 3 4 styling. Sister vehicle 3029, which retains the original style, is preserved off-site.

6. On the 1100mm-gauge tracks is Kiel 241, one of 12 Grossraum bogie cars dating from 1957 which often operate as coupled pairs. It remained in service until 1985, one year before Kiel’s final closure. This view dates from 11 June 2005.

7. Hamburg summer trailer 93 is in fact a newly-constructed replica of an original design, mounted on a former München 5 6 truck from 1914. 8. Under restoration is trailer 310 of 1902, originally designated class A1 but later rebuilt as class A7.

All photography by Mike Russell 7 8 on 21 May 2018 except where otherwise stated.

www.tautonline.com . www.lrta.org JUNE 2019 / 237 NEWS FROM THE LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT ASSOCIATION Most Londoners back Croydon trams over buses

he recent consultation by Transport for London on the proposed Sutton link showed T that 86% of respondents favoured or strongly LRTA supports favoured a tram connection, as opposed to only 40% supporting or strongly supporting a bus option. Global Light Rail Of the three proposed options to extend the Croydon tramway, option 1 (South Wimbledon to Awards 2019 Sutton) was backed by 65%, Option 2 (Collinswood to Sutton) by 55%, and Option 3 (Wimbledon to Now in its 12th year, the Sutton) by 49%. For more see News, page 204. LRTA – under its campaigning LRTA Chair Paul Rowen said: “Coming straight banner TramForward – is again after the Transport Focus Tram Passenger Survey, sponsoring an award at this this consultation once again underscores light year’s Global Light Rail Awards. rail’s popularity. With the capital’s roads at a near The Judges’ Special Award standstill and bus use in London declining, is open to any person, company this is not surprising”. or product that has had a A decision on the preferred option is to be made Stadler Variobahn 2558 pulls to a stop on Church Street in major impact on the industry. by the end of the year. Croydon. D. Wilson Jim Harkins, Chair of the Campaigns group, urged TAUT readers to nominate. He said: “Our industry is vibrant and Area Officers’ Conference in Manchester growing worldwide, and since its inception the LRTA has promoted This year’s LRTA Area Officers Conference was cutting-edge innovation. This held at Manchester’s Heaton Park Tram Museum. Award celebrates this activity.” The conference is an annual event that provides an opportunity for the LRTA’s Regional Officers to discuss campaigns and light rail developments. This helps focus the Association’s policy and campaigning strategy. Members were met at Piccadilly station by a vintage Stockport bus provided by the Manchester Transport Museum. During the lunch break there was an opportunity to ride on the museum’s Blackpool tram and the event concluded with a talk Jim Harkins from the LRTA presents by Andrew Fender, former Chair of the Transport for LRTA members, pictured in front of Blackpool 623 (286), the Judges’ Special Award to former Greater Manchester Committee, and Tony Young on met for this year’s Area Officers Conference at the Heaton TfGMC leader Andrew Fender at the how Manchester went from Picc-Vic to Metrolink. Park Tram Museum. Tim Kendell 2018 Global Light Rail Awards. TAUT

Compiled by the LRTA. For a full list of the year’s events and MEETINGS & EVENTS meeting places please visit www.lrta.org

MAY 2019 Monday 20. Liverpool 19.45. June 2019 Saturday 15. Taunton 14.00. Merseyside Branch AGM. Members’ projects. (TLRS) Monday 13. Thames Valley 19.30. (TLRS Merseyside) Saturday 1. Garstang 14.00. Model Monday 17. Wickham 19.30. Anne Watkins: Rome and Athens. Monday 20. Wickham 19.30. Paul running day/instant museum. (TLRS) David Hanger: 20th Century trams. (TLRS) Coles: Works trams. (TLRS Solent) Tuesday 4. Southampton 19.30. (TLRS Solent) Saturday 18. Holt, Norfolk 14.00. Tuesday 21. London 19.00. Members’ slides. (LRTA/SEG) Tuesday 18. Leeds 19.00. Malcolm Cedric Greenwood: North American Alan Pearce: Australia 2017. Saturday 8. West Midlands 14.00. Hinds: More Keith Terry archives. streetcars, interurbans and models Tuesday 21 Leeds 19.00. General modelling meeting. (TLRS) Tuesday 18. London 19.00. TBA. on film. (TLRS) Members slides and DVDs. Wednesday 12. Brighton 19.40. Saturday 22, 23. Garstang 14.00. Saturday 18. Beeston 14.00. TLRS Saturday 25. Beeston 14.00. John Buckle: The dying days of the Exhibit at Totally Models: Blackpool, AGM, Liverpool (outing). (TLRS) Outing to Carlton Colville. (TLRS) PCC in North America. (TLRS) Rigby Road Depot. (TLRS)

For more information on the Association and its activities visit www.lrta.org Bookshop Order online from lrta.info/shop – or by post from: LRTA Publications, 31 Ashton Road, Wokingham RG41 1HL Postage included (2nd class UK; Airmail Europe; Economy rest of world).

Bremer Straßenbahnen seit 1876 “Please step inside” A nostalgic look at Australian tramways in the 1950s A colour album of Bremen trams with several views of each type operated, including the museum fleet. German text. A photo album full of evocative views > A5 hardback, landscape from Adelaide, Ballarat, Brisbane, format; 196 pages, 190+ Melbourne and the Victorian Railways’ mainly colour pictures. tramlines.

£27.75 (UK addresses); > A4 softback; 92 pages, 192 colour £30.50 (outside UK); pictures and 11 maps. £33.00 (Airmail beyond Europe) £23.00 (UK addresses); £25.50 (outside LRTA Members: UK); £26.50 (Airmail beyond Europe) £2.60 discount LRTA Members: £2.15 discount

De Blauwe Tram Leiden - Scheveningen Next Stop Seaton! 66 years of Modern Electric Tramways Limited The history of one of the famous NZH The intriguing story of the development interurban tramlines that once rolled of a small portable seaside fun ride through the Dutch countryside, with an into the successful operation that is amazing array of rolling stock. Dutch text. today’s Seaton Tramway. A tribute to > A4 softback, 272 pages, 300+ mainly the enterprise of MET founder Claude black & white pictures, 28 maps. Lane and others inspired by him. £34.50 (UK addresses); £43.50 (outside A4 softback; 168 pages, 350+ pictures > UK); £51.50 (Airmail beyond Europe) mainly black & white, five maps. LRTA Members: £3.15 discount £28.00 (UK addresses); £34.00 (outside Note: Limited copies available, so order UK); £39.50 (Airmail beyond Europe) immediately to avoid disappointment! LRTA Members: £2.50 discount

Tramways de Flandre Tires and Wires Anvers, Gand, La Côte - Années 1960 The story of electric trolley coaches serving sixteen Canadian cities

The third title in the series of picture This amazing book tells you everything albums of Belgian trams half a century ago, about trolleybuses in Canada – both the covering the Flanders region with its two history of the systems themselves and city networks and the numerous Vicinal the vehicle manafacturers. Fleet lists lines then in operation. French text. and overhead wiring maps are included.

> B5 softback; 128 pages, 200 colour and > 266 x 203mm softback; 272 pages, 200+ black & white pictures and several maps. colour and black & white pictures, 22 maps. £22.50 (UK addresses); £25.50 (outside £38.50 (UK addresses); £45.00 (outside UK); £28.50 (Airmail beyond Europe) UK); £42.50 (Airmail beyond Europe) LRTA Members: £2.00 discount LRTA Members: £3.50 discount

An Illustrated Tramway Atlas of Großraumtriebwagen der Zürcher Strassenbahnen, Australia and New Zealand ihre Vorläufer ind ihre Nachfolger der VST-Typen

A really interesting book, full of detailed Special issue containing the magazine’s track maps for all the first- and second- five-part series on the standard post-war generation systems “down under” – including bogie trams in Zürich and other Swiss the newest installation in Canberra, and the cities, as well as their derivatives. numerous museums and heritage operations. Includes statistical tables. German text.

> A4 hardback; 120 pages, 300+ colour and > A4 softback; 64 pages, 69 colour and 91 black & white pictures; 83 maps. black & white pictures plus line drawings. £41.00 (UK addresses); £46.00 (outside £16.50 (UK addresses); £19.00 (outside UK); £52.00 (Airmail beyond Europe) UK); £20.00 (Airmail beyond Europe) LRTA Members: £3.80 discount LRTA Members: £1.50 discount 2019 Entries open now!

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