001_JPP_Letter_551 16-11-2010 14:12 Pagina 551 Journal of Plant Pathology (2010), 92 (3), 551-592 Edizioni ETS Pisa, 2010 551 LETTER TO THE EDITOR COMPREHENSIVE LIST OF NAMES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA, 1980-2007 C.T. Bull1, S.H. De Boer2, T.P. Denny3, G. Firrao4, M. Fischer-Le Saux5, G.S. Saddler6, M. Scortichini7, D.E. Stead8 and Y. Takikawa9 1United States Department of Agriculture, 1636 E. Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905, USA 2Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 93 Mount Edward Road, Charlottetown, PE C1A 5T1, Canada 3University of Georgia, Plant Pathology Department, Plant Science Building, Athens, GA 30602-7274, USA 4Dipartimento di Biologia Applicata alla Difesa delle Piante, Università degli Studi, Via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy 5UMR de Pathologie Végétale, INRA, BP 60057, 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex, France 6Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture, Roddinglaw Road, Edinburgh EH12 9FJ, UK 7CRA. Centro di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Roma, Italy 8Food and Environment Research Agency, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK 9Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The names of all plant pathogenic bacteria which The nomenclature of bacterial plant pathogens, like have been effectively and validly published in terms of that of many other life forms, is constantly changing in the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria and response to new insights and our understanding of rela- the Standards for Naming Pathovars are listed to pro- tionships among bacteria. For example, the taxonomy vide an authoritative register of names for use by au- of the family Enterobacteriaceae has been extensively re- thors, journal editors and others who require access to vised since the publication of the previous comprehen- currently correct nomenclature. Included are species, sive List of Names of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (Young subspecies and pathovar names and details of type and et al., 1996). pathotype strains reported from 1980 to 2007. An ex- This document lists the names of all plant pathogenic planation of how to use this list is provided. In recent bacteria that have been effectively and validly published years the taxonomy of plant pathogenic bacteria has according to the terms of the International Code of been extensively revised. For some taxa there are sever- Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (referred to here simply al valid synonyms. Unless otherwise stated, the most re- as ‘the Code’ – previously the International Code of cently published name is used in this list as the refer- Nomenclature of Bacteria; Lapage et al., 1992) and the ence name (in bold italic) to which all other synonyms Standards for Naming Pathovars (‘the Standards’; Dye are referred. This does not mean that the reference et al., 1980), and their revisions (Young et al., 1991a, name is always to be preferred. A synonym, i.e., a previ- 2001c). According to the Code, a proposed name is ously published name for the same organism, may rep- validly published if it was included in the Approved resent a classification considered by individual scientists Lists of Bacterial Names (Skerman et al., 1980) or when or groups to give a more coherent taxonomy and may the name appears in International Journal of Systematic be used. and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM; previously the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology) either as This list is presented by the International Society of an original manuscript proposing the name or through Plant Pathology Committee on the Taxonomy of Plant listing on the Validation Lists. This document includes Pathogenic Bacteria, Carolee T. Bull Convener. species, subspecies, and pathovar names validly pub- lished prior to 2008. For some taxa there are several synonyms of both species and/or pathovar names. To avoid lengthy repeti- tions in this text, the most recently published synonym is used as the reference name (in bold italic), to which all other synonyms are referred. This does not mean that the reference name (most recently published) has nomenclatural priority or is preferred. A synonym, i.e., a previously published name for the same organism, Corresponding author: C.T. Bull may represent a classification considered by individual Fax: +1. 831.755.2814 E-mail: [email protected] scientists or groups to give a more coherent taxonomy 001_JPP_Letter_551 16-11-2010 14:12 Pagina 552 552 Names of plant pathogenic bacteria 1980-2007 Journal of Plant Pathology (2010), 92 (3), 551-592 and may be used (Bull et al., 2008; Young et al., 1996; ence to which priority is to be given is the validating Young, 2008). However, newer taxonomic revisions, in publication (the Validation Lists of the IJSEM. Please many cases, represent an advancement in our under- see discussion on priority of publication in Bull et al., standing of the taxa being circumscribed. 2008). In the Reference section of this manuscript the Alternative synonyms are provided below their refer- validating publication is followed by the reference of ence names, and are preceded by ‘=’ and are in italic. the effective description. Apparent discrepancies be- For example, Burkholderia glumae is the most recent tween the publication dates of some species and their synonym of Pseudomonas glumae and is therefore listed pathovars arise when priority for pathovar names is as- in bold font under the genus Burkholderia. The syn- signed according to the effective publication but au- onym, Pseudomonas glumae, appears under this listing thority for the species is assigned according to the vali- and is preceded by ‘=’ (not in bold font) as shown here: dating publication in IJSEM. For example, priority for the species Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens should be as- Burkholderia glumae (Kurita and Tabei 1967) signed according the publication in IJSEM (Collins and Urakami et al. 1994 Jones, 1984) but priority for the pathovar Curtobacteri- = Pseudomonas glumae Kurita and Tabei 1967 um flaccumfaciens pv. betae is given to the effective pub- ATCC 33617; CFBP 4900; ICMP 3655; LMG 2196; lication (Collins and Jones, 1983). For some entries NCPPB 2981 there are annotations or additional citations to help ex- plain nomenclatural issues. Citations followed by the The synonym, Pseudomonas glumae, is also listed un- term ‘refers’ indicates a citation that has significant in- der the genus Pseudomonas, although the species name, formation about the entry to which it refers. Pseudomonas glumae, is not listed in bold font. The ref- New species combinations are sometimes proposed erence name is referred to under the synonym in bold in publications without proposing the formal transfer of font as shown here: all the pathovars allocated to the species. The use of ‘comb. nov.’ in this document designates the new patho- Pseudomonas glumae Kurita and Tabei 1967 var(s) combinations that follow from the proposed taxo- see Burkholderia glumae nomic change to the species. Names that have been changed to accord with cor- In most cases the type and/or pathotype strain is list- rect Latin usage (Trüper and de’ Clari, 1997; 1998; Eu- ed only under the reference name below the valid syn- zéby, 1998) are listed here as ‘corrig.’ Since these correc- onyms. In the example from above, the isolate designa- tions were made, the Code has been amended to take tions for the type strain used by various collections is account of the need for stability of names (De Vos and listed in connection with the reference name B. glumae. Trüper, 2000). Names published since 1980 that are not considered Pathotype strains that are unsuitable because they do valid, either in terms of the Code or the Standards, have not reflect the pathogenic or other characteristics given been included for completeness, with an explanatory in the description of the pathovar (Young et al., 1991a) note or reference. These names should not be used. are marked with an asterisk ‘*’. Where authentic strains Names that are not considered valid are in italic, en- of these pathovars have been identified, the Internation- closed in square brackets ‘[ ]’ and are not in bold. All al Society of Plant Pathology – Committee on the Tax- names that are not considered valid refer the reader to a onomy of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (ISPP-CTPPB) has valid name that may pertain to the organism in ques- designated neopathotype strains. tion. For example, Erwinia nulandii is not considered It is the goal of the ISPP-CTPPB (http://www.ispp- valid and is listed as follows: web.org/about_tppb.asp) to publish regular up-dates to the names listed in this document. To facilitate tracking [Erwinia nulandii Schuster et al. 1981] Brenner et al. of new names, an online submission form is available (1994) refers. for authors to conveniently notify the ISPP-CTPPB see Erwinia persicina convener of newly proposed names (http://www.ispp- web.org/forms/tppb_new_names.htm). Notification of References to the literature used to establish priority new names and submission of the validating published of a name are given for each entry. The references in manuscript should be made through the website in a parentheses are for the first description of the bacteri- timely manner. Also, please contact the convenor of the um and additional references indicate authors propos- ISPP-CTPPB by e-mail ([email protected]. ing subsequent changes in classification and nomencla- GOV) if you have any questions or comments. ture. For the species catalogued in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Skerman et al., 1980), only the cita- tion to original publication is given. For species names published after 1980 and outside the IJSEM, the refer- 001_JPP_Letter_551 16-11-2010 14:12 Pagina 553 Journal of Plant Pathology (2010), 92 (3), 551-592 Bull et al. 553 Abbreviations of Culture Collections = Pseudomonas avenae Manns 1909 = Pseudomonas avenae subsp. avenae Manns 1909 ATCC American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, = Pseudomonas rubrilineans (Lee et al.