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12 Great Ways to Use Fennel
12 Great Ways to Use… Fennel Fennel’s fragrant anise-like flavor pairs nicely with onions, garlic, lemon, fresh herbs, seafood, chicken, and pork. Fennel can be sautéed, braised, roasted, baked, or enjoyed raw. And because the bulb, the fronds, and even fennel seeds are all deliciously edible, it is a wildly versatile ingredient. One cup of raw, sliced fennel bulb has less than 30 calories but offers 3g of fiber and more than 15% of the recommended daily intake of vitamin C. Make a risotto. Start by sautéing chopped Toss fennel wedges and chopped winter 1. fennel bulbs and stalks, onions, and garlic, 9. squash or root vegetables (like carrots, then add the rice and cooking liquid. parsnips, or beets) with olive oil, salt and pepper. Roast at 400⁰F for about 30 Caramelize slices of fennel and onion minutes (tossing once half-way through) or 2. together. Use the caramelized veggies for a until fork tender. sandwich or pizza topping. Make fennel tea by adding 2 teaspoons of Add thinly sliced fennel and chopped 10. crushed fennel seeds or a small bunch of 3. walnuts to a coleslaw or cabbage salad. coarsely chopped fennel fronds to 2 cups of boiling water. Steep for 5-10 minutes for Combine sliced fennel, celery, radish, and tea made with seeds or for 3-5 minutes for 4. arugula into a salad and dress with a lemon tea made with fronds. vinaigrette. Fold feta cheese and sautéed fennel into Layer the bottom of a baking dish with 11. wilted spinach for an easy side dish. -
Erowid Extracts — Number 13 / November 2007 Erowid Extracts Table of Contents Number 13, November 2007
Erowid® Extracts D OCUMENTING THE C OMPLEX R ELATIONSHIP B ETWEEN H UMANS AN D P SYCHOACTIVES November 2007 Number 13 “The problem to be faced is: how to combine loyalty to one’s own tradition with reverence for different traditions.” — Abraham J. Heschel The Absinthe Enigma • Wormwood and Thujone • P. viridis vs. M. tenuiflora Varieties of Nicotine Experience • Khat Legal Challenges LETTERS & FEEDBACK Hi there Erowid staff, First of all, thank you for such Awesome website! A more thoughtfully a wonderful site. I’m not a serious compiled compendium of information I’m just writing to say how much I recreational user, but having some on the topic of psychoactives does appreciate your website. My father chronic pain issues, I tend to experiment not exist—at least not for the public showed it to me several years ago a little to find ways to alleviate the at large. Bravo. and it’s been fun to watch it grow pain (aside from standard Rx’s from in quality and content over the — ANOnymOus doctors). […] years. My dad adjunctly teaches a Letter to Erowid psychopharmacology class in town and Keep up the good work. Although always lists Erowid on his syllabus of some might look at Erowid negatively, recommended readings. I’m a college I look at it positively, in the sense that After looking up information on the student and am surprised, once I I’m smart enough to research things antitussive properties of DXM, how start talking to other kids, how many before I try them, and hopefully keep shocked I was to find your website, of them know about the information myself from an early demise. -
Effect of Different Extraction Methods on Yield and Quality of Essential Oil from Four Rosa Species
Floriculture and Ornamental Biotechnology ©2007 Global Science Books Effect of Different Extraction Methods on Yield and Quality of Essential Oil from Four Rosa Species Adnan Younis1* • Muhammad Aslam Khan1 • Asif Ali Khan2 • Atif Riaz1 • M. Aslam Pervez1 1 Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan 2 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Corresponding author : * [email protected] ABSTRACT In the present study rose oil was extracted from the petals of four Rosa species i.e. R. damascena, R. centifolia, R. borboniana and Rosa 'Gruss an Teplitz' through solvent extraction through hexane, solvent extraction through ether and steam distillation. R. damascena yielded (0.145%) of absolute oil, R. centifolia yielded 0.11% whereas R. 'Gruss an Teplitz' yielded the least (0.035%) absolute oil. Solvent extraction through hexane yielded more absolute oil (0.11%) than steam distillation (0.075%) and solvent extraction (0.07%) through ether on petal weight basis. Gas-chromatography of the rose oil was carried out for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the oil constituents. Major compounds identified were citronellol, methyl eugenol, geraniol, geranyl acetate, phenyl ethyl alcohol, linalool, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, rhodinyl acetate, citronellyl acetate, benzyl acetate and phenyl ethyl formate. Both techniques (solvent extraction and steam distillation) yielded oil with differences in the percentage composition of each component, but solvent extraction through hexane proved better (i.e. higher yield and more components) than steam distillation for extraction of essential oil from roses. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Keywords: citronellol, essential oil composition, Rosa centifolia, solvent extraction, steam distillation INTRODUCTION essential oil, which is slowly liberated from the plant material (Durst and Gokel 1987; Wilson 1995). -
Effect of Angelica Archangelica L. Extract on Growth Performance
232 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 26 (No 1) 2020, 232–237 Effect ofAngelica archangelica L. extract on growth performance, meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.), cultivated in a recirculating system Radoslav Koshinski, Katya Velichkova*, Ivaylo Sirakov and Stefka Stoyanova Trakia University, Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, 6014 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Koshinski, R., Velichkova, K., Sirakov, I. & Stoyanova, St. (2020). Effect of Angelica archangelica L. extract on growth performance, meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.), cultivated in a recirculating system. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 26 (1), 232–237 The medicinal herbs as natural products can be use like not expensive additives in artificial diets for aquatic animals which are safe for fish and the environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Angelica archangelica L. extract on the growth performance, meat quality and biochemical blood parameters (glucose, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, ASAT, ALAT, ALP, Ca, P, Mg, triglycerides, cholesterol) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Thirty specimens from the rainbow trout with anaverage weight of 42.55±7.48 g (control, C) and 42.51±6.02 g (experimental, Ang.a.) in good health condition were placed in each tank and cultivated for 60 days. A control group (no added) and an experimental (with added 433 mg.kg-1 of angelica extract) option, each with a two repetition, were set in a recirculating system in the Aquaculture Base of the Faculty of Agriculture at the Trakia University. -
Shichangpu the Perfume Industry and As a Flavoring for Pipe Tobacco
Medicinal Quality The Acorus plant family represents the source of one of the world’s most widely used medicinals. In Egypt, the Chester Beatty Papyrus VI mentioned Acorus as an ingredient for a digestive plaster around 1,300 BC. In ancient Europe, Acorus was a symbol of love, lust and affection. The calamus variety, often referred to as Sweet Flag, was added to absinthe and digestive bitters, used in Shichangpu the perfume industry and as a flavoring for pipe tobacco. In Ayurvedic medicine, Acorus calamus is called Vacha, Acorus gramineus and revered for its ability to transmute Kundalini energy, rejuvenate the brain and stimulate self-expression. In Sanskrit, the term Vacha literally means “speaking,” mirroring a quality that is also expressed in the herb’s Chinese name: the ancient word chang in Shichangpu Heiner Fruehauf originally signifies “splendid expression.” In North America, moreover, Dakota warriors used to apply the root paste to their faces in order to calm the senses and conquer fear when facing an enemy. In ancient China, the herbal classic Shen Nong bencao jing lists Shichangpu as a top grade medicinal, a classification generally reserved for materials that promote spiritual enlightenment and longevity, and are considered safe to consume on a daily basis. The Daozang, China’s collection of esoteric Daoist texts, contains a piece of writing entitled “Changpu zhuan” (A Biography of Acorus), which classicalchinesemedicine.org © 2014 heiner fruehauf classicalpearls.org page 1 shichangpu: acorus gramineus points out that the plant synthesizes the powers of all five Traditional Terroir Considerations elements—exhibiting green leaves, red flowers, white (didao yaocai) joints, yellow core, and black root—and thus represents “a magic elixir for practitioners of immortality rituals.” In India and Europe, it is the calamus variety that is used almost exclusively in herbal remedies and food flavorings. -
Savory Guide
The Herb Society of America's Essential Guide to Savory 2015 Herb of the Year 1 Introduction As with previous publications of The Herb Society of America's Essential Guides we have developed The Herb Society of America's Essential The Herb Society Guide to Savory in order to promote the knowledge, of America is use, and delight of herbs - the Society's mission. We hope that this guide will be a starting point for studies dedicated to the of savory and that you will develop an understanding and appreciation of what we, the editors, deem to be an knowledge, use underutilized herb in our modern times. and delight of In starting to put this guide together we first had to ask ourselves what it would cover. Unlike dill, herbs through horseradish, or rosemary, savory is not one distinct species. It is a general term that covers mainly the educational genus Satureja, but as time and botanists have fractured the many plants that have been called programs, savories, the title now refers to multiple genera. As research and some of the most important savories still belong to the genus Satureja our main focus will be on those plants, sharing the but we will also include some of their close cousins. The more the merrier! experience of its Savories are very historical plants and have long been utilized in their native regions of southern members with the Europe, western Asia, and parts of North America. It community. is our hope that all members of The Herb Society of America who don't already grow and use savories will grow at least one of them in the year 2015 and try cooking with it. -
Cytotoxic Activity of Essential Oils from Labiatae and Lauraceae Families Against in Vitro Human Tumor Models
ANTICANCER RESEARCH 27: 3293-3300 (2007) Cytotoxic Activity of Essential Oils from Labiatae and Lauraceae Families Against In Vitro Human Tumor Models MONICA ROSA LOIZZO1, ROSA TUNDIS1, FEDERICA MENICHINI1, ANTOINE MIKAEL SAAB2, GIANCARLO ANTONIO STATTI1 and FRANCESCO MENICHINI1 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy; 2Faculty of Sciences II, Chemistry Department, Lebanese University, P.O. Box :90656 Fanar, Beirut, Lebanon Abstract. Background: The aim of this work was to study undertaken on the cytotoxic activity of essential oils from the cytotoxicity of essential oils and their identified Sideritis perfoliata, Satureia thymbra, Salvia officinalis, Laurus constituents from Sideritis perfoliata, Satureia thymbra, nobilis or Pistacia palestina. Salvia officinalis, Laurus nobilis and Pistacia palestina. The genus Sideritis (Labiatae) is of great botanical and Materials and Methods: Essential oils were obtained by pharmacological interest, in fact many species are reported hydrodistillation and were analysed by gas chromatography to have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (MS). The cytotoxic activity antirheumatic, anti-ulcer, digestive and vaso-protective was evaluated in amelanotic melanoma C32, renal cell properties and have been used in Mediterranean folk adenocarcinoma ACHN, hormone-dependent prostate medicine (11). No reports have been found concerning the carcinoma LNCaP, and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines by phytochemical composition or biological or cytotoxic activity the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Results: L. nobilis fruit of S. perfoliata (12). S. thymbra (Labiatae) is the most oil exerted the highest activity with IC50 values on C32 and common Satureja specimen and is known as a herbal home ACHN of 75.45 and 78.24 Ìg/ml, respectively. -
Herb Other Names Re Co Rde D Me Dicinal Us E Re
RECORDED USE RECORDED USE MEDICINAL US AROMATHERA IN COSMETICS IN RECORDED RECORDED FOOD USE FOOD IN Y E P HERB OTHER NAMES COMMENTS Parts Used Medicinally Abelmoschus moschatus Hibiscus abelmoschus, Ambrette, Musk mallow, Muskseed No No Yes Yes Abies alba European silver fir, silver fir, Abies pectinata Yes No Yes Yes Leaves & resin Abies balsamea Balm of Gilead, balsam fir Yes No Yes Yes Leaves, bark resin & oil Abies canadensis Hemlock spruce, Tsuga, Pinus bark Yes No No No Bark Abies sibirica Fir needle, Siberian fir Yes No Yes Yes Young shoots This species not used in aromatherapy but Abies Sibirica, Abies alba Miller, Siberian Silver Fir Abies spectabilis Abies webbiana, Himalayan silver fir Yes No No No Essential Oil are. Leaves Aqueous bark extract which is often concentrated and dried to produce a flavouring. Distilled with Extract, bark, wood, Acacia catechu Black wattle, Black catechu Yes Yes No No vodka to make Blavod (black vodka). flowering tops and gum Acacia farnesiana Cassie, Prickly Moses Yes Yes Yes Yes Ripe seeds pressed for cooking oil Bark, flowers Source of Gum Arabic (E414) and Guar Gum (E412), controlled miscellaneous food additive. Used Acacia senegal Guar gum, Gum arabic No Yes No Yes in foods as suspending and emulsifying agent. Acanthopanax senticosus Kan jang Yes No No No Kan Jang is a combination of Andrographis Paniculata and Acanthopanax Senticosus. Flavouring source including essential oil. Contains natural toxin thujone/thuyone whose levels in flavourings are limited by EU (Council Directive 88/388/EEC) and GB (SI 1992 No.1971) legislation. There are several chemotypes of Yarrow Essential Oil, which is steam distilled from the dried herb. -
Angelica Archangelica Linn
Click Here & Upgrade Expanded Features PDF Unlimited Pages CompleteDocumentsMarsland Press Journal of American Science 2009;5(5):59-70 Chemical stimulation of seed germination in Angelica archangelica Linn. (Apiaceae), a threatened high altitude aromatic herb Rajiv Kumar Vashistha1*, Bhagwati Prasad Nautiyal2 and Mohan Chandra Nautiyal1 1High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre Post Box No. -14, H N B Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal – 246174, Uttarakhand, India 2Department of Horticulture, Aromatic and Medicinal Plant, Mizoram University, Aizwal, PIN- 796001, India *[email protected], Abstract: Angelica archangelica (Apiaceae) is threatened aromatic herb for which ex situ cultivation is recommended as a conservational tool. However, earlier reports suggested poor seed germination in this species and therefore, domestication was not done. Present paper deals with improvement of germination potential of the species. Seeds from different natural populations were tested in polyhouse and nursery bed conditions by using different soil compositions. Pre sowing treatments of various concentrations of Potassium nitrate (KNO3), Sodium Hypochlorite (NaHClO3) and Thiourea (CH4N2S) were also used to enhance the germination. Germination potential differed significantly in the laboratory, as well as in the polyhouse conditions of the seeds from different -1 populations. Among the pre sowing treatments, KNO3 150 mM and Thiourea 200 µL L , germination was improved significantly. Furthermore, mean germination time was reduced under laboratory conditions as well as inside polyhouse condition. Pretreatments of the seeds by these chemicals also improved germination in polyhouse condition. The results of these treatments inside polyhouse and laboratory are presented here and possible reasons for enhancement in germination discussed. [Journal of American Science 2009;5(5):59-70]. -
Acorus Calamus : an Overview
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 4(25), pp. 2740-2745, December Special Review, 2010 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR ISSN 1996-0875 ©2010 Academic Journals Review Acorus calamus : An overview R. Balakumbahan*, K. Rajamani and K. Kumanan Horticultural Research Station, TamilNadu Agricultural University, Pechiparai, 629161. Tamilnadu, India. Accepted 8 July, 2010 Acorus calamus (Sweet flag) is a wetland perennial monocot plant, in which the scented leaves and rhizomes have been traditionally used medicinally against different ailments like, fever, asthma, bronchitis, cough and mainly for digestive problems such as gas, bloating, colic, and poor digestive function. Number of active constituents and essential oil were identified and characterized from the leaves and rhizomes of sweet flag. An over view of the pharmacological activities and insecticidal activities are summarized here. Key words: Acorus calamus, Acorus gramineus , Acoraceae, active constituents, pharmacology. INTRODUCTION Mother earth has bestowed to the mankind and various Estimate reveals that the world trade in medicinal plants plants with healing ability for curing the ailments of and extracts industry was growing at a rate of 12 to 15% human being. This unique feature has been identified per annum. The export from India is to the tune of Rs 446 since pre historic times. The WHO has also estimated crores with the present growth rate of 7%. Acorus that 80% of the world population meets their primary calamus is a tall perennial wetland monocot plant from health care needs through traditional medicine only. the Acoraceae family. The scented leaves and rhizomes Medicinal plants are those plants possessing secondary of sweet flag have been traditionally used as a medicine metabolites and are potential sources of curative drugs and the dried and powdered rhizome has a spicy flavour with the very long list of chemicals and its curative nature. -
Iris Pseudacorus L
Plant Guide status (e.g., threatened or endangered species, state PALEYELLOW IRIS noxious status, and wetland indicator values). Paleyellow iris is listed as an invasive, banned, prohibited, Iris pseudacorus L. designated, or noxious weed in Connecticut, Plant Symbol = IRPS Massachusetts, Montana, New Hampshire, Oregon, and Washington. Contributed by: USDA NRCS Montana State Office Weediness This plant may become weedy or invasive in some regions or habitats and may displace desirable vegetation if not properly managed. Please consult with your local NRCS Field Office, Cooperative Extension Service office, state natural resource, or state agriculture department regarding its status and use. Weed information is also available from the PLANTS Web site at http://plants.usda.gov. Please consult the Related Web Sites on the Plant Profile for this species for further information. This species is weedy in many riparian habitats. Description General: Paleyellow iris is perennial and grows from a stout rhizome ranging in diameter from 0.4 to 1.6 inches (1-4 centimeters). The sap of the rhizome is black. Roots are normally four to eight inches (10-20 centimeters) long, but may reach lengths of 12 inches (30 centimeters). The hairless (glabrous) plants form clones when rhizomes separate. Each individual (ramet) produces 10 leaves covered with a fine waxy powder giving the leaves a whitish or bluish (glaucous) cast. The sword-shaped leaves have a raised midrib and are about 0.4 to 1.2 inches (10-30 centimeters) wide. Leaves range from 20 to 40 inches (50-100 centimeters) in length, or about as long as Figure 1. -
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India
THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA PART- I VOLUME – V GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AYUSH Contents | Monographs | Abbreviations | Appendices Legal Notices | General Notices Note: This e-Book contains Computer Database generated Monographs which are reproduced from official publication. The order of contents under the sections of Synonyms, Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipaka, Karma, Formulations, Therapeutic uses may be shuffled, but the contents are same from the original source. However, in case of doubt, the user is advised to refer the official book. i CONTENTS Legal Notices General Notices MONOGRAPHS Page S.No Plant Name Botanical Name No. (as per book) 1 ËMRA HARIDRË (Rhizome) Curcuma amada Roxb. 1 2 ANISÍNA (Fruit) Pimpinella anisum Linn 3 3 A×KOLAH(Leaf) Alangium salviifolium (Linn.f.) Wang 5 4 ËRAGVËDHA(Stem bark) Cassia fistula Linn 8 5 ËSPHOÙË (Root) Vallaris Solanacea Kuntze 10 6 BASTËNTRÌ(Root) Argyreia nervosa (Burm.f.)Boj. 12 7 BHURJAH (Stem Bark) Betula utilis D.Don 14 8 CAÛÚË (Root) Angelica Archangelica Linn. 16 9 CORAKAH (Root Sock) Angelica glauca Edgw. 18 10 DARBHA (Root) Imperata cylindrica (Linn) Beauv. 21 11 DHANVAYËSAH (Whole Plant) Fagonia cretica Linn. 23 12 DRAVANTÌ(Seed) Jatropha glandulifera Roxb. 26 13 DUGDHIKË (Whole Plant) Euphorbia prostrata W.Ait 28 14 ELAVËLUKAê (Seed) Prunus avium Linn.f. 31 15 GAÛÚÌRA (Root) Coleus forskohlii Briq. 33 16 GAVEDHUKA (Root) Coix lachryma-jobi LInn 35 17 GHOÛÙË (Fruit) Ziziphus xylopyrus Willd. 37 18 GUNDRËH (Rhizome and Fruit) Typha australis