The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India
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Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2014),13 (supplement): 195-198 Copyright © 2014 by School of Pharmacy Received: December 2013 Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Accepted: December 2013 Original Article Screening of 20 Commonly Used Iranian Traditional Medicinal Plants Against Urease Mahmood Biglara, Hessameddin Sufia, Kowsar Bagherzadeha, Massoud Amanloua and Faraz Mojabb* aDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. bDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Infection with Helicobacter pyloriis the most common cause of stomach and duodenal ulcers. About more than 80 % of people are infected with H. pylori in developing countries. H. pylori uses urease enzyme product “ammonia” in order to neutralize and protect itself from the stomach acidic condition and urease enzyme activity has been shown to be essential to the colonization of H. pylori. Inhibitory activity of 20 traditional medicinal plants were examined and evaluated against Jack bean urease activity by Berthelot reaction to obtains natural sources of urease inhibitors. Each herb was extracted using 80% aqueous methanol, then tested its IC50 value was determined. Eight of the whole 20 studied plants crude extracts were found the most effective with IC50 values of less than 100 µg/mL including Laurus nobilis, Zingiber officinale, Nigella sativa, Angelica archangelica, Acorus calamus, Allium sativum,Curcuma longa, and Citrus aurantium extracts, from which most potent urease inhibitory was observed for Zingiber officinale, Laurus nobilis, and Nigella sativa with IC50 values of 48.54, 48.69 and 59.10 µg/mL, respectively. -
Effect of Angelica Archangelica L. Extract on Growth Performance
232 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 26 (No 1) 2020, 232–237 Effect ofAngelica archangelica L. extract on growth performance, meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.), cultivated in a recirculating system Radoslav Koshinski, Katya Velichkova*, Ivaylo Sirakov and Stefka Stoyanova Trakia University, Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, 6014 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Koshinski, R., Velichkova, K., Sirakov, I. & Stoyanova, St. (2020). Effect of Angelica archangelica L. extract on growth performance, meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.), cultivated in a recirculating system. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 26 (1), 232–237 The medicinal herbs as natural products can be use like not expensive additives in artificial diets for aquatic animals which are safe for fish and the environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Angelica archangelica L. extract on the growth performance, meat quality and biochemical blood parameters (glucose, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, ASAT, ALAT, ALP, Ca, P, Mg, triglycerides, cholesterol) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Thirty specimens from the rainbow trout with anaverage weight of 42.55±7.48 g (control, C) and 42.51±6.02 g (experimental, Ang.a.) in good health condition were placed in each tank and cultivated for 60 days. A control group (no added) and an experimental (with added 433 mg.kg-1 of angelica extract) option, each with a two repetition, were set in a recirculating system in the Aquaculture Base of the Faculty of Agriculture at the Trakia University. -
Review of Opium and It's Toxicity
wjpmr, 2018,4(8), 118-122 SJIF Impact Factor: 4.639 WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL Review Article Rashmi et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research AND MEDICAL RESEARCH ISSN 2455-3301 www.wjpmr.com WJPMR REVIEW OF OPIUM AND IT’S TOXICITY Dr. Rashmi Sinha*1 and Dr. Prafulla2 1M.D. Scholar, 2Reader, Dept. of Agad Tantra Evam Vidhi Vaidhyaka, Rani Dullaiya Smriti Ayurveda P.G. Mahavidhyalaya Evam Chikitsalaya, Bhopal (M.P). *Corresponding Author: Dr. Rashmi Sinha M.D. Scholar, Rani Dullaiya Smriti Ayurveda P.G. Mahavidhyalaya Evam Chikitsalaya, Bhopal (M.P). Article Received on 07/06/2018 Article Revised on 28/06/2018 Article Accepted on 19/07/2018 ABSTRACT Papaver somniferum commonly known as opium poppy or breadseed poppy is a species of flowering plant in the family papaveraceae. It is neurotoxic cerebral somniferous poison, somniferous means “sleep producing”, referring to sedative properties. This poppy is grown as an agricultural crop for one of three primary purposes. The first is to produce seeds that are eaten by humans, commonly known as poppy seed. The second is to produce opium for use mainly by the pharmaceutical industry. The third is to produce alkaloids that are processed by the pharmaceutical industry into drugs. The opium poppy, as its name indicates, is the principal source of opium, the dried latex produced by the seed pods. (It is one of the world’s oldest medicinal plants and remains the only source for narcotic analgesic such as morphine and the cough supressant codeine and semisynthetic derivatives such as oxycodone and naltrexone.). -
Angelica Archangelica Linn
Click Here & Upgrade Expanded Features PDF Unlimited Pages CompleteDocumentsMarsland Press Journal of American Science 2009;5(5):59-70 Chemical stimulation of seed germination in Angelica archangelica Linn. (Apiaceae), a threatened high altitude aromatic herb Rajiv Kumar Vashistha1*, Bhagwati Prasad Nautiyal2 and Mohan Chandra Nautiyal1 1High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre Post Box No. -14, H N B Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal – 246174, Uttarakhand, India 2Department of Horticulture, Aromatic and Medicinal Plant, Mizoram University, Aizwal, PIN- 796001, India *[email protected], Abstract: Angelica archangelica (Apiaceae) is threatened aromatic herb for which ex situ cultivation is recommended as a conservational tool. However, earlier reports suggested poor seed germination in this species and therefore, domestication was not done. Present paper deals with improvement of germination potential of the species. Seeds from different natural populations were tested in polyhouse and nursery bed conditions by using different soil compositions. Pre sowing treatments of various concentrations of Potassium nitrate (KNO3), Sodium Hypochlorite (NaHClO3) and Thiourea (CH4N2S) were also used to enhance the germination. Germination potential differed significantly in the laboratory, as well as in the polyhouse conditions of the seeds from different -1 populations. Among the pre sowing treatments, KNO3 150 mM and Thiourea 200 µL L , germination was improved significantly. Furthermore, mean germination time was reduced under laboratory conditions as well as inside polyhouse condition. Pretreatments of the seeds by these chemicals also improved germination in polyhouse condition. The results of these treatments inside polyhouse and laboratory are presented here and possible reasons for enhancement in germination discussed. [Journal of American Science 2009;5(5):59-70]. -
Patterns of Accumulation of Berberine Alkaloid and Chemical Profiling of Natural Populations of Coscinium Fenestratum
Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources Vol. 8(3), September 2017, pp. 240-247 Patterns of accumulation of berberine alkaloid and chemical profiling of natural populations of Coscinium fenestratum (Menispermaceae) in the Central Western Ghats, India Thriveni H. N.1, Ramesh Babu H. N.2 and Vasudeva R1* 1Department of Forest Biology & Tree Improvement, College of Forestry, University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad, Sirsi Campus, 581 401, India 2Department of Botany and Seed technology, Sahyadri Science College, Kuvempu University, Shankaragatta-577 101, India Received 03 March 2016; Revised 05May 2017 Berberine and its derivatives are being pursued as a new class of anti-diabetic medication world over. Coscinium fenestratum, a dioecious woody liana, is a rich source of berberine. With no other synthetic sources and huge industrial demand, natural populations of C. fenestratum are being rampantly harvested from the Western Ghats of India, making the species ‘critically endangered’. Prospecting for high berberine yielding individuals from different populations of C. fenstratum is a prerequisite to clonally mass-multiply and/or to develop in vitro production systems, thereby reducing the pressure on natural populations. Towards this end, the present study was carried out to chemically profile natural populations distributed in the Western Ghats and to determine the pattern of accumulation of berberine with respect to age, tissues, and sex. A total of 90 individual lianas were subjected to the chemical analysis. The concentration of berberine in methanol extract was determined using a C-18 reverse phase column with UV detection at 344 nm. Berberine content varied significantly with respect to the tissue, and sex of the individuals. -
Junta Internacional De Fiscalización De Estupefacientes
Junta Internacional de Fiscalización de Estupefacientes Anexo de los formularios A, B y C 57a edición, agosto de 2018 LISTA DE ESTUPEFACIENTES SOMETIDOS A FISCALIZACIÓN INTERNACIONAL Preparada por la JUNTA INTERNACIONAL DE FISCALIZACIÓN DE ESTUPEFACIENTES* Vienna International Centre P.O. Box 500 A-1400 Vienna, Austria Dirección de Internet: http://www.incb.org/ de conformidad con la Convención Única de 1961 sobre Estupefacientes** y el Protocolo de 25 de marzo de 1972 de Modificación de la Convención Única de 1961 sobre Estupefacientes * El 2 de marzo de 1968 la Junta asumió las funciones del Comité Central Permanente de Estupefacientes y del Órgano de Fiscalización de Estupefacientes y conservó la misma secretaría y las mismas oficinas. ** Denominada en adelante “Convención de 1961”. 18-05406 (S) *1805406* Finalidad La Lista Amarilla, que contiene la lista actual de los estupefacientes sujetos a fiscalización internacional e información adicional pertinente, ha sido preparada por la Junta Internacional de Estupefacientes (JIFE) con el fin de ayudar a los Gobiernos a cumplimentar los informes estadísticos anuales sobre estupefacientes (formulario C), las estadísticas trimestrales de importaciones y exportaciones de estupefacientes (formulario A) y las previsiones de necesidades anuales de estupefacientes (formulario B), así como los cuestionarios correspondientes. La Lista Amarilla se divide en cuatro partes: Parte 1 contiene una lista de los estupefacientes sujetos a fiscalización internacional en forma de cuadros y se subdivide en tres secciones: (1) en la primera sección figuran los estupefacientes incluidos en la Lista I de la Convención de 1961, así como las materias primas de opiáceos intermedias; (2) en la segunda sección figuran los estupefacientes incluidos en la Lista II de la Convención de 1961; y (3) en la tercera sección figuran los estupefacientes incluidos en la Lista IV de la Convención de 1961. -
Ethno-Medico-Botanical Studies from Rayalaseema Region of Southern Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India
Ethnobotanical Leaflets 10: 198-207. 2006. Ethno-Medico-Botanical Studies From Rayalaseema Region Of Southern Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India Dowlathabad Muralidhara Rao ,* U.V.U.Bhaskara Rao,# and G.Sudharshanam# *Natural Products Research Division Department of Biotechnology SriKrishnadevaraya University(SKU)Herbarium Anantapur INDIA #Department of Botany SriVenkateswara University Tirupati,A.P.INDIA [email protected] [email protected] Issued 11 August 2006 ABSTRACT This paper deals with Ethno- Medico botanical Studies of Rayalaseema Region, Andhra Pradesh, India. An ethno- botanical survey was carried out in Seshachalam hills of Chittoor District, Palakondas and Lankamalais of Kadapa District, Errmalais and Nallamalai hills of Kurnool District and some other isolated hill ranges in Ananthapur District are Kalasamudram-Nigidi forest range, Amagondapalem hills and Kikati forest. INTRODUCTION Ralayaseema region lies between 120 411 and 160 211 N and 170 451 and 810 11 E. The area bounded on the south by Tamilnadu state on the East Guntur and Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh as also the Bay of Bengal sea cost and west by the Karnataka state, Mahaboobnagar districts as north side. The region accounts or 26% of total area of the Andhra Pradesh state. The district wide split up area is Kurnool, Ananthapur, Kadapa and Chittoor respectively.The area in the Rayalaseema especially covers southern most part of the EasternGhats. The principle hill ranges in Rayalaseema region are Nallamalais, Erramalais, Veligondas, Palakondas, Lankamalais, Horsely Hills and Seshachalam hills. Apart from this there are some isolated hill ranges in Ananthapur district are Kalasamudram – Nigidi forest range, Amagondapalem hills and Kikati forest area. -
Sesbania Rostrata Scientific Name Sesbania Rostrata Bremek
Tropical Forages Sesbania rostrata Scientific name Sesbania rostrata Bremek. & Oberm. Synonyms Erect annual or short-lived perennial 1– Leaves paripinnate with mostly12-24 3m tall pairs of pinnae None cited in GRIN. Family/tribe Family: Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae) subfamily: Faboideae tribe: Sesbanieae. Morphological description Erect, suffrutescent annual or short-lived perennial, 1‒3 Inflorescence an axillary raceme Seeds m tall, with pithy sparsely pilose stems to 15 mm thick comprising mostly 3-12 flowers (more mature stems glabrescent); root primordia protruding up to 3 mm in 3 or 4 vertical rows up the stem. Leaves paripinnate (4.5‒) 7‒25 cm long; stipules linear-lanceolate, 5‒10 mm long, reflexed, pilose, persistent; petiole 3‒8 mm long, pilose; rachis up to 19 cm long, sparsely pilose; stipels present at most petiolules; pinnae opposite or nearly so, in (6‒) 12‒24 (‒27) pairs, oblong, 0.9‒3.5 cm × 2‒10 mm, the basal Incorporating into rice fields pair usually smaller than the others, apex rounded to Seedlings in rice straw obtuse to slightly emarginate, margins entire, glabrous above, usually sparsely pilose on margins and midrib beneath. Racemes axillary, (1‒) 3‒12 (‒15) - flowered; rachis pilose 1‒6 cm long (including peduncle 4‒15 mm); bracts and bracteoles linear-lanceolate, pilose; pedicels pedicel 4‒15 (‒19) mm long, sparsely pilose. Calyx sparsely pilose; receptacle 1 mm, calyx tube 4.5 mm long; teeth markedly acuminate, with narrow sometimes almost filiform tips 1‒2 mm long. Corolla yellow or orange; suborbicular, 12‒16 (‒18) mm × 11‒14 (‒15) mm; wings 13‒17 mm × 3.5‒5 mm, yellow, a small triangular tooth and the upper margin of the basal half of Stem nodules, Benin the blade together characteristically inrolled; keel 12‒17 mm × 6.5‒9 mm, yellow to greenish, basal tooth short, triangular, slightly upward-pointing with small pocket below it on inside of the blade; filament sheath 11‒13 mm, free parts 4‒6 mm, anthers 1 mm long. -
Hybridization Dynamics of Invasive Cattail (Typhaceae) Stands at Pierce Cedar Creek Institute: a Molecular Analysis
HYBRIDIZATION DYNAMICS OF INVASIVE CATTAIL (TYPHACEAE) STANDS AT PIERCE CEDAR CREEK INSTITUTE: A MOLECULAR ANALYSIS Alex Graeff, Kelsey Huisman, and Dr. Pamela J. Laureto Department of Biological Sciences Grand Rapids Community College 143 Bostwick NE Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 ABSTRACT Three cattail taxa are recognized in Michigan USA: native Typha latifolia (broad-leaf cattail), the invasive Typha angustifolia (narrow-leaf cattail), and the hybrid of these two species Typha × glauca. Typha angustifolia and T. × glauca are of special interest because of their ability to aggressively spread and out-compete the native cattail T. latifolia. Typha × glauca has been shown to out-compete both its parental taxa and produce monospecific stands. We surveyed the Pierce Cedar Creek Institute (PCCI) property for cattails and located 25 distinct cattail marshes. We determined the total area of cattail marsh at PCCI to be roughly 10% of the 267 ha property. Cattail individuals were sampled from each of the 25 stands and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers were used to identify the individuals to species. We found that 20 of the 25 stands were monospecific for the native cattail, T. latifolia. Five of the stands were mixtures of the native T. latifolia and the introduced T. angustifolia, and T. × glauca was found in two of the mixed stands. We recommend removal of the invasive T. angustifolia and T. × glauca individuals and the establishment of a monitoring plan in order to maintain the long-term health of the cattail marshes at PCCI. Keywords: Typha spp., RAPD markers, invasive species 1 INTRODUCTION Species of Typha L. (Typhaceae), commonly known as cattails, are highly productive emergent plants that grow in a variety of wetland habitats throughout the world (McManus et al. -
Review on Combretaceae Family
Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 58(2), September - October 2019; Article No. 04, Pages: 22-29 ISSN 0976 – 044X Review Article Review on Combretaceae Family Soniya Rahate*, Atul Hemke, Milind Umekar Department of Quality Assurance, Shrimati Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Dist-Nagpur 441002, India. *Corresponding author’s E-mail: [email protected] Received: 06-08-2019; Revised: 22-09-2019; Accepted: 28-09-2019. ABSTRACT Combretaceae, the family of flowering plants consisting of 20 genus and 600 important species in respective genus. The two largest genera of the family are Combretum and Terminalia which contains the more no. of species. The members of the family are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Most members of the trees, shrubs or lianas of the combretaceae family are widely used medicinally. The members of this family contain the different phytoconstituents of medicinal value e.g tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids. Most of the species of this family are used as antimicrobial, antioxidant and antifungal. The biological activities of the some members of this family yet not found. Apart from the medicinal value many members of the Combretaceae are of culinary and ornamental value. Keywords: Combretaceae, Tannins, Flavonoid, Terminalia, Combretum. INTRODUCTION species of Combretum have edible kernels whereas Buchenavia species have edible succulent endocarps. he family combretaceae is a major group of Chemical constituents like tannins are also found in fruits, flowering plants (Angiosperms) included in the bark, leaves, roots and timber in buchenavia and order of Myrtales. Robert Brown established it in T terminalia genera. Many of the species are reputed to 1810 and its inclusion to the order is not in dispute. -
An Updated Snapshot of Recent Advances in Transcriptomics and Genomics of Phytomedicinals Biswapriya B
PostDoc Journal Journal of Postdoctoral Research Vol. 2, No. 2, February 2014 www.postdoctoraljournal.com An Updated Snapshot of Recent Advances in Transcriptomics and Genomics of Phytomedicinals Biswapriya B. Misra Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA Email: [email protected] Abstract Medicinal plants have been of great importance to human health care since the advent of medicine. A huge array of molecules has been obtained from these phytopharmaceutical-yielding species that have influenced human lives since the beginning of plant-based life-saving medicines. Some of these molecules have taken the form of taxol, aspirin, and artemisinin. With the flourishing era of high- throughput next generation sequencing technologies, a hot pursuit for sequencing the genomes and transcriptomes of these life-saving plants is underway. Although few genomes have been sequenced or are currently being addressed, the number of transcriptomes sequenced has sky-rocketed in the last couple of years and continues to surge forward with immense pace, covering all important genera of medicinal plants. I have attempted to provide the current status, progress, opportunities, and challenges of these sequencing endeavors in this comprehensive and updated review. It is my hope that this information will provide both specialists and non-specialists with the current trends and future directions of this interesting category of plants. Keywords: medicinal plant, metabolic pathway, genome, next generation sequencing, transcriptome Introduction Metabolites are small chemical entities present medicine are generally known as medicinal in living organisms with a molecular weight of plants. They belong to typical taxonomic families, less than 1000 Da. -
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Coscinium Fenestratum
BIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 50 (1): 111-113, 2006 BRIEF COMMUNICATION Assessment of genetic diversity in Coscinium fenestratum S. NARASIMHAN*, P. PADMESH** and G.M. NAIR*1 Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram-695581, Kerala, India* Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram-695562, Kerala, India** Abstract Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of 14 individuals belonging to 7 populations of Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. (Menispermaceae). 18 decamer primers used for the analysis generated 99 scorable bands of which 79 were found to be polymorphic. Coefficient of similarity ranged from 0.6604 to 0.9809. Variation within population was slightly higher than between populations. Similarity between individuals within and between populations was found. Dendrogram was obtained by using unwieghed pair-group method analysis (UPGMA). Distinct accession also exhibited higher percentage of medicinally active compound. Additional key words: berberine, critically endangered species, ex situ conservation, RAPD. ⎯⎯⎯⎯ Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. is a seed Sinikkala, Kallar, Kottur, Mundakkayam and propagated dioecious woody liana belonging to the tribe Kulathoopuzha. All these places are more than 20 km Coscinieae, the smallest tribe of family Menispermaceae. apart. In all the places except Bonakkad region, This species is of particular interest due to its medicinal individuals of C. fenestratum found as scattered properties and presence of isoquinoline alkaloids consisting of 3 - 5 individuals. In Bonakkad region particularly berberine which is known to have several 8 individuals were located within 1 km2 area and were biological activities (Warrier et al. 1994, Birdsall and selected to analyze diversity within a population.