Quick viewing(Text Mode)

I Like This Outstanding Museum Make Violins As a Hobby

I Like This Outstanding Museum Make Violins As a Hobby

Fine JULy/AUGUST 1983, No.41, $3.50 ood ill 1

Giant Turnings • • POWERMATIC ROCKWELL. HEGNER. INCA. PORTER-CABLE . HITACHI. BLACK & DECKERt:l. t.!j BRATTON MACHINERY SAVES YOU MONEY �> 90% of our orders are shipped in 48 hours -1-800-874-8160 � ROCKWELL (FOB Tallahassee, FL)

15-091 Press Floor type with 'h h.p., 1 ph. 10" Contractor motor, p.b. switch. Includes stand and With mortising two extension wings. 14" Band Saw attachment and 25" rip capacity right, with enclosed steel set of V. and � 15'h left, self- aligning stand, beltguard, Greenlee Micro-Set Jet-Lock Y. hp single phase Mortising rip . Cast iron motor & push and Bits table. Heavy duty switch mounted and $560. Value stamped steel wings wired in stand 1 115/230 motor SALE ...... $459. 'h List ...... 800. toggle switch. Sa ...... 599. List ...... 925. POWERMATIC (FOB McMinnville, TN) Sa ...... 699.

Model 100 12" Planer 3 h.p., 1 ph. motor, 230 volt, weight 410 Ibs. Model 26 - Shaper List .. . $2,436. .. . 'h and :y. inter­ Model 60 SALE . ... $2,235. chang able spindles, 8" , with Stand 3 hp single phase 1'h single phase 230 volt motor, 115 volt motor, magnetic controls toggle switch. List ...... 1833. List . .. .. 1,451 HITACHI SALE . .... 1,699...... SALE ...... 1,325. PORTER CABLE (Prices include freight) P100F - Planer MAKITA List ...... $1,530. . .. Model 360- SALE ...... $1,120. . . . Belt (Dustless) TR 12 3 x 24 List ...... $299. List ...... $269. SALE ...... $196 SALE ...... $209. Router TR 8 • List ...... $196. SALE ...... $124. c:: Model330 Speed-Bloc 00 Sander SB75 3 x 21 F1000A Planer-Jointer Finishing Sander List ... . . $1,999. List ...... $195...... 4'1>x4'h 1.2 amp � SALE ...... $1,460. 10" Miter Box SALE ...... $128. .. . . List ...... (") 2401 b.w., post positive . . ... 85.50 Portables Postage Paid Sale . . 62.95 c:: Stationary Machines FOB Atlanta stops at 90° and 45° ...... • blade included ...... Model 505 - � (bag extra) (/) Finishing Sander 4'h x 4 .... List ...... $316. Z ri:l ... List ...... 145. SALE . . . $216. . .. . o :> ...... INCA . . ... SALE ...... $104. (/) (Freight Included) o� JORGENSEN CLAMPS Model 710 (Freight prepaid) o � 20" Band Saw t"' List SALE PRICE rn• o:l 1 'h h.p. motor QTY. < Stand Extra Pipe Clamp:y." pipe #50 $11 .23 $ 7.90 12 for $85.50 Steel Bar #3724 $10.54 Z List ... $1,413 �I'""." l;oi $ 7.25 6 for $39.50 0 - Hand #1 10" x 6" Z P $18.25 $11.75 o SALE . $1,399 ..If...... Style 50 t 6 for $71.50 � (del. freight prepd.) ., � Don't miss our promotion on Ro ckwell's � o UNISAW advertised In this same Issue. o z• z BRATTON MACHINERY > SUPPLY, INC. to� HEGNER & ATTN: Dept. FWW (Prices include freight) > 1015 Commercial Street rn...... P.O. Box 20408 Multimax 2 Tallahassee, FL 32316 <: SALE $829. Call toll 1-800-874-8160 t.!j free: rn• Lathe In Florida: (904) 222-4842 SALE $1,745. Write for catalogs. �o Duplicating Attachment Enclose $3 for postage & handling. SALE $995. Limited qualities of sa le items. Advertised prices are trl cash sales. Visa and Mastercard are accepted. Z ROUTER BITS & SAW BLADES NOW IN STOCK! $40.00 minimum order for cash or charge. trlt"' • trl POWERMATIC • ROCKWELL . HEGNER. INCA. PORTER-CABLE . HITACHI • BLACK & DECKER •

2 FINE WOODWORKING Editor John Kelsey Art Director Deborah Fillion Associate Editors Rick Mastelli Paul Bertorelli Assistant Editor Jim Cummins Fine Copy Editor Nancy Stabile Art Assistant Roland Wolf Editorial Assistant Linda D. Whipkey / Contributing Editors Tage Frid JULY AUGUST 1983, NUMBER 41 R. Bruce Hoadley �V\brking' Richard Starr Simon Watts Consulting Editors George Frank DEPARTMENTS Ian J. Kirby Letters News and Notes A.W. Marlow 4 Methods of Wo rk 88 Exhibition: At the Wustum Methods of Work Jim Richey 12 90 20 Questions & Answers 92 Events 80 Notebook: Bark Beetles 98 Connections 82 Books 102 Adventure: Pick-Up Sticks 86 Profile: Cornwall Carver ARTICLES 28 A Wooden Tablesaw by Galen Winchip An attractive, shopmade alternative to cast iron 33 Testing the wooden saw by Pa ul Bertorelli 34 The Laminated Ribbon by Ja mes Rannefe ld A built-up joint with sculptural possibilities 36 Respiratory Hazards by George Mustoe Choosing the right protection 40 Making Ax Handles by Delbert Greear A good handle fits at both ends 42 Kitchen on a Stick by Jere Cary A pencil and a few lx2s tell the whole story 46 The Legendary Norris by Edward C. Smith A hard-to-find that's worth the search 48 Turning Giant Bowls by Dale Nish . Ed Moulthrop's and techniques 54 Making a Pencil-Post Bed by Herbert W. Akers Cover: Ed Moul throp turns a tulip magnolia A method for shaping tapered oCtagonal posts log into a bowl 30 in. in diameter. To under­ stand Moulthrop's special tools and tech­ 56 Layout tips from the boatyard by Michael Podmaniczky niques, woodtuming expert Dale Nish visited Moldings by Vi ctor J. Taylor him at his Atlanta shop. Be inning on p. 48, 57 g Applying geometry with sryle Nish tells what he learned. Cover photo by Louie Favorite, Atlanta Journal. 60 The Woodcraft Scene: San Francisco in Miniature by Michael Pearce 62 Keeping the "Poplars" Straight by Jon W. Amo Many , good for many different things 65 Making Your Own Hardware by David Sloan Hand-worked brass beats the store-bought stuff 66 A catch, three hinges and a lock THE TAUNTON PRESS Wooden Eyeglass Frames by Howard Bruner Paul Roman, publisher; Janice A. Roman, associate pub­ 68 lisher; JoAnn Muir, directOr of adminisrration; Tom Lux­ Making a spectacle of yourself eder, business mana/ler; Barbara Bahr, secretary; Lois Beck, office services coordmatOr; Liz Brodginski, receprionist; Liz Color and Wood by Roger Holmes Crosb , personnel assistant; Mary Galpin, production man­ 70 y Dyeing for a change ager; Mary Glazman, data processing. Accounting: Irene Ar­ faras, manager; Madeline Colby, Catherine Sullivan, Elaine Yamin. Advertising: Ann Starr Wells, directOr; Richard 74 Small New England Clocks by Jim Cummins Mulligan, sales manager; Vivian Dorman and Carole Weck­ Minimal cases hide elegant works esser, coordinatOrs; Granville M. Fillmore, New England sales representative. Art: Roger Barnes, design directOr; Alice's Wonderland Kathryn Olsen, staff artist. Books: Laura Cehanowicz Trin­ 104 gali, editOr; Lee Hov, associate art director; Ro ger Holmes, assistant editOr; Deborah Cannarella, copy edItOr. Fulfill­ ment: Carole E. Ando, subscription manager; Terry Thomas, Fine Woodworking (ISSN is published bimonthly, J anuary, March, May, July, September assistant mana er; Rita Amen, Gloria Carson, Dorothy and November, b The Taunton0361-3453) Press, Inc., Newtown, CT Telephone Second­ ./l y Dreher, Marie Johnson, Cathy Koolis, Denise Pascal, Nancy class postage paid at Newtown, CT and additional mailinga. offices. (203) Cop right426-81 71. b The 0647 y y Schoch, JoAnn Traficanti; Robert Bruschi, distribution Taunton Press, Inc. No reproduction without06470, permission of The Taunton Press, Inc. Fine W1983oodw orking® supervisor; Marchelle Sperling, David Wass, Ben Warner. is a registered trademark of The Taunton Press, Inc. Subscription rates: United States and possessions, Marketing: Ellen McGuire, sales manager; Kimberly for one year, for rwo years; Canada, for one year, for rwo years (in U.S. dollars, please); other$16 Mithun, sales correspondent; Kathy Springer, customer ser­ countries, $30for one year, for rwo$19 years (in U.S. dollars,$36 please). Sin le copy, Single copies g vice assistant. Production Services: Gary Mancini, manager; outside U.S.$20 and possessions,$38 Send to Subscription Dept., The Taunton Press,$3.50. PO Box Annette Hilty and Deborah Mason, assistants; Nancy Newtown, Address $4.00.all correspondence to the ap ropnate department (Subscri tion, Editorial,355, CT p p Knapp, typesetter. Promotion: Jon Miller, manager; Dennis or Advertising),06 The470. Taunton Press, Church Hill Road, PO Box Newtown, CT U.S. Danaher, publicist; Beth RuthsttOm, artassistant. newsstand distribution by Eastern News52 Distributors, Inc., III Eighth355, Ave., New York, N.Y.06470. 10011. Postmaster: Send address changes to The Taunton Press, In c., PO Box 355, Newtown, CT 06470 3 Letters I am glad to see that the stain-versus-gloss controversy, which cause the codes are written for large industrial motors. had raged in earlier issues, has been revived by Don Newell's In 40 years in the chemical industry, I never saw a blower well-taken comments regarding the appropriateness of each or fan with non-sparking blades, except for plastic blades (FWW #37, p. 102). Charles Dickens, that master of the used to avoid corrosion. The fan switch can spark unless it's a spirit of descriptive prose, expressed his own mid-nineteenth­ mercury switch. The garden-variery mercury switch won't century opinion on the subject in chapter three of Mar­ meet industrial explosion-proof standards, but it can't spark tin Chuzzlewitt: in normal operation. -David Ca rnell, Wilmington, N.C. It was none of your frivolous and preposterously bright bed­ rooms, where nobody can close an eye with any kind of pro­ Stan Wellborn's letter in FWW #39 about the wood turner priety or decem regard to the association of ideas; but it was a wearing a necktie brought to mind a recent experience I had. good, dull, leaden, drowsy place, where evety articleof furniture I've adapted a Sony Walkman to fit inside my hearing pro­ reminded you that you carne there tosleep, and that you were tectors ...a super way to make hours spent at droning ma­ expected to sleep. There was no wakeful reflection of the fire chines more enjoyable. But watch Out for those loose ear­ there, as in your modern chambers, which upon the darkest phone wires. While whistling along at the flap sander, I nights have a watchful consciousness of ; the old Spanish winked at it now and then, as a dozing brushed a little toO close and before I knew it the Walkman cat or dog might, nothing more. The vety size and shape, and was thrown to the floor and the wires were torn from the hopeless immovability of the bedstead, and wardrobe, and in headphones. Whew! a minor degree of even the chairs and tables, provoked sleep; There's good reason why OSHA demands that all drive they were plainly apoplectic and disposed to snore. shafts and belts be enclosed. Even if you think you're too -Wesley Kobylak, Tuscarora, N. Y. clever, it's easy to slip up just once (or twice). -Nick Nicholson, Wellfleet, Mass. Craig Brown's comment in FWW #40 (p. 10) on the use of fans to ventilate fumes from a workshop is 100% wrong. The In Rick Mastelli's article in FWW #39 (p. 78), he quotes motors of bathroom and kitchen ventilating fans are shaded John Economaki as claiming that Sam Maloof said "industri­ pole motors and have no spark-producing mechanisms. Split al arts teachers didn't know anything." phase, capacitor-start and repulsion-induction motors all have After teaching industrial education for 26 years to some starting windings which are disconnected by a spark-produc­ 3,000 students, I really resent being told that I know noth­ ing switch when the motor gets up to speed. These motors ing. I realize I've never created a large, one-of-a-kind table or must be modified to be explosion -proof. Small pumps and special chairs, but in talking to past students, I have a sense fans ...are not included in the codes as explosion-proof be- that they have learned to love the feel, beauty, strength and funCtions of wood. Many are working in wood-related indus­ tries, , or avocationally in their own workshops. - .. I believe that Economaki, or Maloof, has done industrial fiM lD CUT poVnAIL.5 AL.TERNAT7VE. MDltv # 13� education a great disservice and should apologize for this statement. The shaping of young lives is as important as the shaping of wood and JUSt as rewarding. I will continue to think of Maloof as one of the world's greatest craftsmen, but with reservations. -Paul J. Hooker, Zeeland, Mich. RICK MASTELLI REPLIES: We received a number of such letters from offended I-A teachers, and all deserve an apology. The point was to emphasize the transition in Economaki's own career, not to insult anyone. Maloof has said that many industrial arcs teachers are doing archaic things. He has also said that many are doing outstanding work. In recalling his self-image at the time-a time when he was himself an industrial arts teacher-Economaki meant to communi­ .. cate how radically Maloof had affected him. The sentence unfortu­ LA'! Om po.{f.."IAIl!:> Of'.:> nately pulled on the wrong lever to move a large idea. 1J-\e. Z5A1oOCO off' ?1ec:.e5 NJ;:>® 11"'EN c...urII\JT"O -.:;e:..no�s . 75Avt.- !HE- I enjoyed Kevin Kelly's article on making bee boxes • I�DIc..A;ret> 'f'Ie.c£..-::' . (FWW #39, pp. 86-89) and thought your readers might be • interested in an experience of mine. While working for a �LA.'{ OUi � CARE-sponsored beekeeping extension and research project in '* � Belize, it was my dury to procure equipment and bees for the 11<. � i< �����CAr �� tll�� Mayan Indians I was training to become beekeepers. White GLI.4f.17-'t5e. ?\EQ.5It-..! THE... boxes imported from the U.S. would either rot in two G�.e:f�L�@ re.. ANJ:;> 'f'L.Oa. 'P�o;; . 11'"A� YOtA. � 11-teSE- years or be devoured immediately by the local termites, who SHAPeS 1oIl1L..L- HIDe- � MIL.. ttoL...e5. found the imported wood particularly appetizing. The answer was simple. In northern Belize, the Mennonites had for years been turning out household furniture in their woodworking shops using abundant, cheap mahogany. On contract with local beekeeping cooperatives, they were soon A�� �rn15 producing a full line of well-built bee equipment inexpensive­ '-.jollSlIS \.l� o� veAWeoz::,fI-\€.... . ly made from solid mahogany. �1N6:>@A� r-iA>Je.. 1b�""� 'e>y "Ai I-V\Sr Acx�INGI-\ . "e>UI Before returning to the U.S., I asked a local woodworker L � � '1tte. �f-\A(J;:O.N U/0e... to build a shipping trunk for me. I gave him the rough di­ -� � TJ-¥o.i I��eDc.I'N 1?e-A 1i-PP1 6��/J\IIiCJ-\, l'!...1 . P€SI� 'Pu

4 GLENN WING POWER TOOLS 1437 S. Woodward Ave.. Birmingham. Michigan 4801 1 (313) 644-5440 at aso Objective: Quality Boschpower c5W n & $u11ivan tools at an affordable price. Gun_ o TemperatureModel1t90900 range Heat 6500 IS THE FIRST 1"0 QUALITYCONSIDERATION circuit900" breaker.F. with built-in 50 Lis1"'89.2Q Sale� il62._ • Great projects for any skill level. @ Model'*1158 Rev VSR • Pre-cut kits in , Drill.3/8" Variable ersingAI. cherry, . List$82.QQSale�62 .50 • Plans, hardware, flat . F.O.B. Birmingham. Michigan • W. German movements with 36 month guarantee. • Widest selection of competitively priced quartz movements. • Solid brass dials. • Tools, books. • Finest solid brass hardware. • Customer service to help your project go smoothly.

No matter what your clock­ building needs, come to Mason & Sullivan first. We want you to be a WOODTURNERS great clockbuilder too.

We now stock the finest English lathes made by T.S. Harrison •& Sons Ltd. Precision and • craftsmanship • Neat, compact, vibration free. • Single cast pedestal • Single cast bed and leg support • Heavy duty and bearings • 4 spindle speeds • Universal adjustment tool rest • Quick release handles • 19 y," bowl turning capacity • Full line of accessories Competitively priced $1 SHORT BED LATHE Send today for our 38 Specialized for bowl turning. page color catalogue with Finest selection of English and Will handle short spindles to 1 5" quartz movement section. American Woodturning tools; Includes handsome clock kits, your headquarters for Sorby, plus dials, movements, chimes, Buck Bros. and Turnmaster. A complete line of tools, hardware, tools, books, and chucks, finishes and accessories accessories. such as clocks, peppermills, coffeemills and circular tiles. ______NAME Many more items-All at very ______ADDRESS _ competitive prices- SEND S2.00FOR OUR NEW CITY ______EXPANDED 44 PAGE CATALOG WITH STATE ZIP COLOR. S2.00REFUNDED WITH ORDER. c5l-1ason &SuU ivan U "Fine Clockmakers Since 1947" GRADUATE LATHE specialistsCRAn in SUPPLIES woodturning tools Dept. 2132, W. Yarmouth, Cape Cod, MA 02673 Available in 30. 42. 54 inches 1644 S. State SI. Provo. UT 84601 S between centers Tel. (801) 373·0917 A

5 Letters (continued) beautiful boards; the smallest was was about 10 miles from the not less than 1 in. by 16 in. by base, so I jacked up the front 48 in. He also cleverly patterned end, dropped the oil pan, soaked the trunk with end-nailed boards my wide leather belt in the oil so as not to mar their faces. Dis­ and cut a piece to fit the bearing. assembled, the mahogany is now It worked fine. About a month stacked in my shop waiting for later, got a mechanic at the the spirit to move me. I guaran­ HonoluluI Rapid Transit Bus lines tee that it won't become beehives. to pour a new babbitt for me. -David Papke, Since it was quite oversized, I Amesville, Ohio ground down files and shaped twO scrapers, and with a little Before I decided to build the Prussian blue, I gOt it to fit per­ bombe secretary shown in fectly. I finally sold the Stude­ FWW #13, p. 62, I had had a baker for the same price and the little experience in putting to­ new owner swore by it. After the gether a few pieces of furniture. war I went back to woodworking But I had never tackled a project and now, in my retirement, I like this outstanding museum make violins as a hobby. Please piece. All I had to go by was the thank Bob Johnson for sending photo and the three specified di­ his story to you. mensions. So I applied the princi­ -Morris Schulter, ples of my trade (I am a footwear Brooklyn, N. Y. designer-patternmaker), working over the picture with a propor­ A few years ago my wife request­ tional to get the right ed that I make an oak toilet seat. measurements and design of the Roger DuPont's reborn bombe. We had seen a number of them parts. Then I made cardboard in various bathroom supply out­ patterns for the body outlines and glued them together to see lets, but I always that they had one flaw that seemed how it would look. certain to cause problems-all these seats were made by sim­ I used mahogany. It is light, and easy to cut and carve. To ply cutting a hole Out of a single, edge-glued slab of oak. be true to the ancient way of furnituremaking, I built the Because of the short grain, these seats seemed almost certain whole body in solid wood. I cut all the curves on the band­ to crack at the front or back. To avoid this, I glued up a saw, carved the legs, and shaped the bombe sides from 2-in. triangular blank with tongue-and- joints, which not lumber. I carved the cylinder from twO solid pieces. Then I only uses the strength of the long grain, but also results in a put everything together with and glue-all 256 pieces. very attractive grain pattern. Upon returning from vacation in the fall of 1980, I was Several hours of rasping and sanding gives the seat its char­ ready to use up my film and send you a picture of the com­ acteristic shape and comfortable contours. We seal the oak pleted project. But when I went down the basement steps, I with Watco oil and apply polyurethane. I suggest using fo ur was greeted with a distressing sight. Amongst various pieces seat bumpers on the bottom to distribute the weight evenly of wood, my masterpiece was floating in 3 ft . of water, like and reduce the pressure on the hinge and the front joint. the ark during the flood. All that carefully laid veneer, all Though I don't particularly wish to become known as "the that -all peeling off. The body was swollen and best darn toilet seat builder in these here pans," I have found cracked. The desk was ruined. them to be a fun, and surprisingly challenging, spare-time But the rainbow came, and I started again with what I project. I gave a seat to some close fr iends and they have could salvage. Now, finally, I am happy to be able to show mentioned several times that they really like it and they think you the rebirth of a project (above). of me regularly. What more could a craftsman ask? -Roger DuPont, Thorold, Onto -Timothy B. Fields, Colorado Sp rings, Colo.

The article on repairing blades in the May/June is­ Re Rick Mastelli's article "Art " (FWW #37 ), I sue is an excellent contribution, but there is one error. The was fascinated with Carpenter's doggedness. My ultimate statement that work-hardening causes brittleness that leads to view was of a man who has taken his battering from life, fracture of the blades is not correct. Work-hardening occursonly survived it, turned some of it around to work fo r him howev­ when the strains are in the plastic region of deformation ... er imperfectly, and now has some of it his way. I do wish the slight flexing of the blade going over the saw's wheels will there could be more of this in your magazine. More about not produce strains in excess of the metal's elastic limit. people, their ideas, ideas that deal with their involvement in In 40 years of experience with my own and those of their work. This is what sustains us . others ...I' ve never seen a blade fracture at a location other . . . I remember the first time I saw Wharton Esherick's than the joint. A jam will always throw the blade off the work. Like Carpenter, I had never heard of him, when on a wheels rather than break it. visit to the Brooklyn Museum I walked into a room full of -Harold J. Read, Grove City, Fla. his furniture. What impressed me most was his relaxed tech­ nique. When he put down a piece as being finished, he Bob Johnson's babbitt bearing article in your January '83 hadn't removed every tool mark and caused the furniture to issue brings me back to 1943. I was stationed at Pearl Har­ look as though it hadn't been touched by human hands hold­ bor and I bought a 1932 Studebaker for $65, plates and all. ing a tool. Woodworkers who take Esherick as a role model I took it for a ride and burned a connecting rod bearing. I often emulate his sweeping curvilinear shapes, but they try to

6 THE NEW wood program CUSTOM WOODWORKING JULY 4-8 Peter Touhey: Traditional Chairmaking CENTER OF NEW YORK using Green Wood HAS INDIVI DUAL SHOPS JULY 23 Wendell Castle FOR RENT JULY 25-29 Howard Werner: Direct in Wood All shop owners in our new Center in AUGUST 1-4 Kenneth Fisher: Basic Wood­ Manhattan will enjoy unusual benefits working not available elsewhere. These include: AUGUST 5-7 William Horridge: Decoy Carving • for Beginners a choice of bright, clean spaces AUGUST 20-21 Silas Kopf: Marquetry • suitable for one to five people AUGUST 27 Robert Meadow: Musical lnstru­ a supportive environment where ment Workshop advice, allied skills, and business Peters Valley • guidance are available a reception and phone message Layton, NJ 07851 (201) 948-5200 • service • low cost delivery of finished pieces opportunities to exchange ideas and knowledge with colleagues Create your own •·24 hourI? day access high exposure to designers, dec- orators, architects and the public Shops in the new Center are open only to CABLE cabinetmakers, carpenters, carvers, tur­ ners, marquetarians, picture , CompleleCAR and acccurate finishers, restorers, upholsterers and For tough instructions help you to others in the woodworking field. ...,"" . . create your own turn·of· • scraping."' .... the·century Cable Car -..- �. To learn more about renting space in the Two styles available: fiE Center, please phone or write. We will be a smoother rear balcony (#1800) and benches a1 both ends with enclosed happy to answer your questions. imish starts center (#1801) only S5.95 ppd. Both in same order only S9.SO ppd. Catalog S1. refunded with first order. Jerry Gerber here. The Woodsmith's Studio Inc. If intricate 142 East 32 Street MIIIIeIs mouldings and hard-to­ New York, N.V.10 016 reach wood surfaces Phone (212) 684-3642 6234 Easl""" Catesby Road .. Scottsdale, AZ#tell 85253 have given you some tough scrapes, give these tools a try. The Profile Over 70 Different Scra�r -ideal fo r smoothing moulding POWERMATIC and other non- flat • Heavy HARI>WDD�S work - comes with From Afrormosia to Zebra Wood 1-Piece seven lY2" wide Featuring C.I. Frame blades of different Pacific Northwest Woods • shapes stored in its SIT KA , OREGON MYRTLE C.I. Wheels natural wood ALASKA YELLOW CEDAR handle. and other Northwest species. • All Ball For those No minimum order. Bearing difficult-to-reach Ship anywhere. Upper areas, The Long­ Send for FREE price list. Guides Handled Scra�­ with 2Y2" wide • Hinged blades -gives you K UlfH'-M- W()(J.J PlUJc&cU, Jnc. Wheel extended capability, 4603 35th S.W., Sea ttle, WA 98126 (206) 932-3584 Covers aswell asallowing Established 1947 stronger pressure to • Wide be applied. Replaceable, Spaced are available for both models. Trunnion Send for these sturdy Garren Wade THE VEGA LATHE DUPLICATOR! For Max. scrapers, and for our full color catalog. Support It's full of more great woodwo rking tools.

For the Homeshop. For Industry. For Schools 14"Model Band 141- Saw Offer Expires Sept.I, 1983 Garrett Wade Co., Inc. This, and other fine Powermatic Dept, 162 Shop Equipment, is in stock ready l6l Ave. of the Americas .-_.-.;,-_... New York, N.Y LOOn for immediate delivery. (Factory • _Please send me Profile Scraper@1 .57.75 ea. This all new Duplicator produces clean. sharp cuts. It direct shipments can be arranged.) • _ • l..ong·Handled Scraper@ 58.95 ca. is designed so the , cuts tangent to the Add.sI. 50 (or shipping and handling. Send P-.lge Color Catalog ofToob-S3.00 50 vyorkpiecei Uses either Template or turned Sample o 242 ($ I. with your order). for pattern. o Check/Money Order Enclosed. o Visa/MasrerCharge/Amc:rican Express. Il'Bde m.. AmsflcB by AmsflcBn . Craftsmen ".�. ______,�::Mt� Card No. Expire ,,-. G ______VE A ENTERPRISES, INC. NAMt..E A.R. 3, BOX 193 , ______ADD R E �S�S DECATUR, ILLINOIS 62 526 -', p' ::""'' �" ______PHONE (217) 96 3·2232 ""'" Box 5 East Middlebury, Vt. 05740 CITy· ______rHOUGHTFUll'r DESIGNED MACHINES 802-388-7969 STATt..E ZIP 7 Letters (continued) cram them into an exacting and rigid technique, and in so close work. It's the 20- ro 40-year-olds ro whom I appeal ro doing they wipe Out the stamp of their character. Unfortu­ use eye protection. The eye is a complex and beautiful organ nately, the seriousness of a craftsperson's intent is roo often which allows the appreciation of fine art, the figure in wood, judged by how successfully he or she has removed all signs of the accurate making of joints. A simple pair of 12 ro $ 14 the struggle with the hands and the rools .. polycarbonate safety glasses will withstand direct$ blows and -John Marcoux, Providence, R.I. prevent serious injury. This is a small price ro pay ro prevent the potential loss of vision. In FWW #39, p. 84, Peter Petrochko -Scott M. Soloway, M.D. , New Haven, Conn. is shown demonstrating the construc­ tion of a dangerous device. A trapper Eight California Guilds Unite might call it a deadfall. I recently need­ Eight county-wide woodworking groups have banded rogeth­ ed ro make a press which would be Post er ro create the Northern California Woodworkers Associ­ much more suited ro the job than the ation. The new group plans ro encourage communication and pile of blocks and stones he is using. possibly job-sharing by publishing a directory of member The only trouble with this device is the shops and a newsletter encompassing the bulletins already is­ .potential of the jack ro kick out if any sued by the member organizations. According to the new one of the surfaces is not . The group's chairman, C. Stuart Welch, "T he eight guilds ro­ use of an adjustable cellar suppOrt POSt gether have a membership of five hundred or more, a number would eliminate this problem. that can carry some real clout." For more inf ormation, write -Joseph Macialek, Moscow, Pa. ro Welch at PO Box 776, Marshall, Calif. 94940. The NCWWA organizational meeting was held the week­ As the Direcror of Clinical Services in end of April 22-24 during the "W orking with Wood" trade the Department of Opthalmology at and consumer show at Fort Mason pier in San Francisco. Be­ Yale-New Haven Hospital ... I've re­ sides more than 300 commercial exhibits (and 15,000 paying moved everything from metallic fo reign bodies chipped up cusromers), the trade show fe atured a large exhibition of fur­ from a screwdriver ro, most recently, a 19mm finishing niture by NCWW A members, a carving display by members from the eye of an unfortunate woodworker making one last of the California Woodcarver's Guild, and a number of indi­ tablesaw cut through a wooden box already nailed rogether. vidual craftsmen who demonstrated their art. The trade show Eye injuries are all roo common and are usually preventable organizers plan a repeat performance next April at the Cow by the wearing of safety glasses. For older woodworkers, the Palace in San Francisco, and they are looking for an East problem is less acute because many already wear glasses for Coast site for May 1984.

INFORMATION IS OUR FOR WOODTURNERS SPECIALTY Fine Tool7923 & May Wood Avenue Store TWO· DAY. INTENSIVE WORKSHOPS. [SINCE 1976] MID·WEEKS AND WEEK·ENDS. N. Throughout the year. Two students per class. and proper use of tools for cutting Oklahoma City, OK 73120 are emphasized for faceplate and centers turning. Hands-on practice in sharpening. turning, and fimshing bUild skill and confidence. Free 800·255·9800 Call Toll FIRST NEWSLETIER NOW AVAILABLE. Malor topic IS USE OF GREEN WOOD IN In Oklahoma CallCollec t 405·842·6828 FACEPLA TE TURNING. Also. an apprentlce's first day and aids tothewoodturner as found Visa • Mastercard• M.D. • Check in other professional turners' shops. 24 pages-$2.50 ppd. $7.00 for first 3 issues. BOTH LATHES WE USE AND SELL ARE OF THE FINEST QUALITY AND DESIGN Send $2.00 For Our Catalog MYFORD - ' ; UNION GRADUATE-For the turner who wants larger capacity and self· contained deSign. (lliust. F. Pain. p. 6 and P. Child. p. 21.) 6" center height. Lengths: 30". 42". or 54" 6"xI9\7" dia. outboard. From $2150 complete, FOB Boston. �-j l l���MLBB 36" $695'- SEND 40¢ IN STAMPS for all brochures, --.:r ._ MLBC 42" $770' including WORKSHOP, Myford and Gradu· 4" center height. 4 W'x 13" outboard; ate LATHES, SORBY turning tools. 6·1N·I larger diameter with long hand rest. CHUCK for all lathes. DOUBLE FACED -Motor and freight from Putney extra. TAPE (for screwless attachment of wood), RUSS ZIMMERMAN. RFD 3. BOX 59. PUTNEY. VERMONT 05346

only $110 ;31llliP' 1__IL �>= � English Hardw oods: Brown Oak Accessoriesfor moisture meter are now available to measure wood • moisture andair humidity during airlkiln drying or seasoning and Figll'ed Sycamore W· storage. Cables coming from tetlonized depth-probes in the center Yew Nof the stackE can be connected to the moisture meter for consecutive readings at any time. Burled New free brochures for moisture meters, electrodes and all accessories! Veneers Available .. • ianomaf 14345 NE MorrtsCt Portland. OR 97230 Record• Marples • Inca• General• Makita • Freud � 501/Z57-8957

8 ADJUSTABLEJORGENSEN � SCREWSHAND • • • • Jaw Open Box • TOOLSMilwaukee Makita Hitachi ON Jorgenson SALE Forstner length� Cap.\ list Sale of6 #5/0 4" 2". $11.59 $ 7.50 $ 40.50 WE WILL PAY THE FREIGHT ON EVERY ITEM IN THIS AD .... 4/0 5" 2'12" . 12.45 8.50 45.90 �J ditional� 3 % #JIO 6" 3" .. 13.35 8.95 48.33 * * ""210 T 3W'. 14.35 9.50 51.30 #Q 8" 4'12" . 15.97 10.50 56.70 .... 1 10" 6" . 18.25 11.95 65.50 SEN ZO.94 14.25 76.95 JORGEN . MILWAUKEE ELECmIC TOOLS 12" 8W· Model List Sale ""2 STEEL BAR .... 3 14" 10" . 26.56 17.50 94.50 0222·1 3/8" Hole Shooter HD. 3.3A . $136 $ 95 CLAMPS .... 4 16" 12". 34.55 24.95 134.73 0224-1 3/8" Magnum Hole Shooter . 144 99 21/2" Throat 37 lots 0244-1 155 109 Style 1/2" 4.5A H/Shooter 0·600. 1/." x 3/." a"Bar "Size,�. list Sale of6 0234·11/2" Magnum Hole Shooter 155 109 - --��--- .... 3706 $ 7.88 $ 5.50 $ 29.70 :HI�H .-sPIED' 6507TSC SawzAIl w/case 179 120 6· ...... 1_ 8.73 5.95 32.13 ' 6511 2 Sp Sawzall w/case . 167 117 .... 371212". 6.95 37.53 6365 7·1/4" 13A 149 99 .... 371818' 9.64 . . Highx HI Wlde 6405 167 117 .... 3724 24" 10.54 7.35 39.69 Jaws '[. JORGENSEN 8·1/4" Circular Saw 13A . . 1 % 7/16 I U. Size x x !i/32 � 11.76 8.25 44.55 6245 3.8 Amp Single Spd Saw . 129 91 .... 3730 30" . STEEL "I" BAR 5/8"Dime tBr Size 12.85 8.95 48.33 Sa1!w LAM 3" x 24" . 311 218 ""373636". C PS 5900 List 5910 4" x 24" Belt Sander. 330 229 Model Sale #7224 $23.45 $16.50 5620 1 H.P. 8 AMP Router. 215 145 24" . 239 165 JORGENSEN #TaJ 30" . 24.38 17.50 1.50 H.P. 10 AMP Router. 5660 25.16 18.50 2.00 H.P. 12 AMP Router 299 209 STEEL BAR #n:s. 36". 5680 21.50 5397 T.S.C. 3/8" Hammer DrillKit . 203 145 CLAMPS #n48 48" ...... 27.62 45 #7'lfIJ 24.50 5399 '12" 6.2A HD Hammer Drill Kit 239 169 Style 60" . :Im 6145 4 Angle Grinder 5.A . . 139 97 5" #nn 72" . 1/2" Throat lots 33.2& 26.50 1 HD Dry/W Shooter m 136 95 1 3/8" x 5/16" 6750· 0-4000rp Bar Size List Sale of6 .... 45066" . $ 22.49 $ 15.95 $ 86.15 - GENUINEType #60 FORSTNER Made in U.S.A BITS . MAKITA ELECTRIC TOOLS .... 45088" 23.04 16.50 89.10 Model List Sale .... 4512 . . . 94.50 list list 12" 23.85 17.50 Size Sale Sale $18.20 $13.65 $24.10 $18.10 19008W 31/4" Planer w/case . .. $143 $89 .... 451818" . 25.16 18.95 102.35 1/4" 17.90 13.40 25.15 18.85 11003 1/4" Planer Kit 261 178 .... 4524 24" . 26.61 20.95 113.15 5/16" 3/8" 17.65 13.25 28.90 21.70 18058 6 1/8" Planer Kit 416 285 .... 4530 30" . 28.06 21.95 118.50 7/16" 17.65 13.25 31.75 23.80 99008 3"x21" Dustless Belt Sander. 191 127 .... 4536 36" . 29.54 22.95 123.95 1/2" 18.20 13.65 34.25 25.70 992408 208 139 3"x24" Dustless Belt Sander. 9/16" 18.75 14.10 36.25 27.20 94014"x24" Dustless Belt Sander. 273 179 JORGENSEN 5/8" 19.05 14.30 37.45 28.10 804510 Finish Sander, Square Base 79 49 11/16" 19.15 14.40 40.65 30.50 804520 79 51 PONY PIPE 3/4" 19.25 14.45 48.70 36.55 Finish Sander. 5" Round Base. 9045N . 160 110 13/16" 19.50 14.65 52.65 39.50 41/2x9W' Finish Sand. Dustless CLAMPS 19.70 14.80 59.05 44.30 1 H.P. Router. 118 lots 7/8" 360811 82 (pipe not Included)list 64.20 48.15 15/16" 19.90 15.00 :BI181 1/4 H.P. Router . 196 130 Sale 01 12 20.10 15.20 70.10 52.60 liOOII 190 for black pipe $11.23 $ 7.95 $ 85.86 I" 2 H.P. Plunge Router . 299 #5Q 3f4' 20.85 15.65 76.50 57.40 6510lVR 109 .... 52 for W' black pipe 9.36 6.50 70.20 I X." 3/8" Rev. Var. Speed Drill . 68 lY," 22.25 16.70 84.50 63.40 .... 74 Clamp Pads 4.03 1/2" V.S.R. Drill 4.8 AMP 142 Bar 2.50 27.00 1 22.80 17.10 91.40 68.55 IlP4700 95 (Set of 4) 60138R '12" Rev. 6 AMP Drill 159 118 lY,"X." 23.45 17.60 IDllR 3/8" R.V.S Uni·DriIi 154 112 60100WK 3/8" Cordless Drill w/case 142 84 JORGENSEN 6012HDW 3/8" Cordless 2·Sp. wid. Drill 164 107 DREMEL MOTO TOOLS BAND CLAMPS l list Sale 4200N 43/8" Circular Saw. 138 92 Mode MOTO·TOOL KITS 43008V 192 121 (CANVAS) 2401 $50.95 $32.95 Var. Speed Jig Saw 62 Box Constant Speed. 14 Access. Style Sale 2501Constant Speed.14 Access. 62.95 39.95 list of 6 2701 Constant Speed. 30 Access. 71.95 45.95 ""621010'. $52.24 $34.95 $188.73 3701 . 82.95 52.95 HITACHI POWER TOOLS Variable Speed. 35 Access . Model listSale ""621515'. 57.29 37.95 204.93 3801 94.95 60.95 40.95 221.13 V /Sp .. B/Bearing. 35 Access. OUT·l0 3/8" 2 Speed 3.9 AMP Drill .... $133 $ 88 .... 6220 20'. 62.32 .... 6225 .. 67.34 42.95 231.93 S8·75 3"x21" Dustless Belt Sander 2 Sp.. 195 140 25' 72.39 45.95 248.13 ModelMOTO-FLEX® TOOLS list S8·110 4"x24" Dustless Belt Sander 2 Sp.. 273 189 .... 6230 30' .. 232 . .. $98.95 $63.95 SO·1 10 4'12" x 9" Finish Sander . 144 99 Moto·Flex Tool . 332 109.95 70.95 800-11041/2" x 9" Finish Sander Dustless 155 104 Variable Speed Moto·Flex Tool JORGENSEN BANDlist WEB Sale CLAMP lots JHV·60Var. Speed Jig Saw 3.5A 184 128 of 12 PSM·77W· · 11 AMP Circular Saw 158 119 .... 1215 15' .. $10.57 $ 6.50 $ 70.20 Model MOTO·TOOLS® list Sale TS8·10 Mitre Saw -10". 357 259 250 Moto·Tool (Constant Speed) $52.95 33.95 ORC-l0 3/8" Cordless Drill 2·Sp/Rev 270 58.95 37.95 144 JORGENSEN HOLD DOWN Mota·Tool (Constant Speed) with Adj. Torque Range . 96 Box 280 Constant Speed.Ball Bearing 70.95 45.95 VTC-l0 3/8" Cordless Hammer Drill CLAMPS list Sale 2 Speed. Reversible . 171 125 of6 370 Mota· Tool (Variable Speed) 71.95 45.95 0TC-l0 3/8" Cordless Hitachi Drill .... 1623 3" Opening Gap. $9.98 $ 7.50 $ 39.95 380 Variable Speed. Ball Bearing). 82.95 52.95 2 Speed with Reverse. 133 74 DIIlV 3/8" Hitachi Variable Speed Rev. 3.3 AMP Drill.

6378 Milwaukee 8'/,' Worm Drive Saw. 235 90058Makita S" Grinder· 10.000 rpm 9.4A 149 96078l Makita T Grinder-6.000 rpm tSA . 229 96098 Makita 9" Grinder·6.000 rpm 15A 236

9 -Lurem Combination Woodworkers

-HAPFO Wood Turning Lathes /-Iseli Sharpening Machines -OTTSpec ial Clamps

Industrial quality machines for the professional Plus S1 50 POSiage and demanding amateur woodworkers. • Lurem 17 InqUIfI6SMA ReSIdent add 5 Dealer95 Welcomed send today for brochures is a world leader with over35 years in designing Inc. and manufacturing of multi-purpose wood­ HOT TOOLS• P.O. Box 615-F Marblehead, MA 01945 .6r'l'6 9-1000 working machines occupying minimum space. 3 HAPFO wood turning lathes with copying attachments for turning stair balusters, thin spindles, and conventional duplicating. Also FREE Tool grooving cutter lathe for ornamental turning. lseli universal Catalog sharpening machines for dry grinding optimum edges on special tools without a burr. OTT clamps for Quality products special applications which cannot be accomplished begin with by standard clamps. quality tools. Send for your free copy of Woodcraft's new colorful catalog. Fully illustrated with over Send $1.00 for literature and prices. 3,500 tools, supplies, boo ks, and more. U.S. Importer & Distributer Satisfaction Guaranteed. Writetoday for International Woodworking your FREE catalog. Dept.FW 73 Equipment Corp. . \ 41 Atlantic Avenue, Box 4000 11577 "An Slater Av enue, Fountain Va lley, Ca. 92708 714/549-3446 _WWoOODCburn, MassachusettsRAFT01888 < HORTON BRASSES The full size solid oak . $97. Nooks Hill Road, P.O. Box Our workbench is crafted from 100% solid Appalachian oak. Cromwell, CT 064 16 120F It is modeled after the finest European benches (costing over (203) 635-4400 $500), and is equipped with tool rack, oak , vice m�unting assembly and tool trough. It is every inch a tough- prof essional.- Dimensions: 30"x 50"x 3YH. Legs 2�" square. To p lW· with 2W· aprons. Heavy. Unshakable. Immovable. Our workbench costs only $97, and is shipped direct from our Te nnessee mill. For pure value, it totally outworks everyone else's workbench. And it proves that quality can be honest. Not expensive. Order today. Send $1 for our workbench options list -drawers , secrioned bins, vice, etc. Mfrs. of and for a catalogue of our complete line of fine solid fu rniture, fu rniture kits Fine Hardware for Over 50 Years and . Your satisfaction is always guaranteed. (Sanding/assembly reqllired. ) Send $2.00 for a catalogue

The Tennessee Recane or re·rush heirloom chairs -for yourself or for others as a Hardwood profitable hobby - with our full line Company of materials & instruction books. Makers of fine Since 1934 America's largest oak furniture selection of & basketry materials supplies - Main Street & BOO • Superior quality cane Woodbury, machine woven cane Illustrated catalog & Te nnessee 37190 with comptete how­ • Flat, oval & round reeds to-do-It informa­ • Fibre & genuine rush To order, please tion, prices, order Danish seat cord form: $1 (refund· • Available also in Pro Model write us. Shipped Raffia, ratUn. sugrass size: 30" x 70" for $122. freight collect. able with 1st order) • 12CANE83 S. CDc_ran, & BASKE Dept.FW,T Los SUPPLY lnleles, Cl CO.90019 10 NATIVE AMERICAN WALNUT, BUTIERNUT, CHERRY NBH. Your source CURLY & BIRD'S-EYE • Most Other Domestic Woods • EXTRA WIDE/EXTRA THICK STOCK for good woodwork. • TURNING SQUARES/BLOCKS For quality and low prices, make National Builders • QUARTERSAWN/BOOKMATCHED LUMBER a primary source for your woodworking needs. Here • SPALTED LUMBER/BLOCKS • THIN STOCK NO MINIMUM is a partial showing of items now being featured at NBH. FLOORING/PANELING WHOLESALE & RETAIL Comprehensive Listing-One Dollar IR.f•• d.bl.) DOWL-IT JIG ARLYN CUTTER NATIVE AMERICAN HARDWOODS LTD. Patented automatic self-centering Gets to places power routers can't action assures accurate center reach. Cuts and laminates. Rl, W. VALLEY, N.Y. 14171 • (716) 942-6631 every time. Five drill hole sizes: 1/4", Eliminates filing. 5/16",3/8",7/16",1/2" No router needed. #1000 $28.95 $ 16.95

Six removable screw-in bushings for SAMCO ADJUSTABLE extra hold patterns. For use in Easy to use. Dial your cut from 1/4" double- applications. to 13/16" wide. For table #2000 $38.95 and radial saws with 5/8" or 3/4" arbor. $39.95 ��fY�:O;;;�"'-- � CENTRO GLUE APPLICATOR Speed production, RYOBI ORBITAL SANDER save glue. Holds 3"x 4 1/8". Double insulated.�if Onel ' 14 oz. Comes 'with hand operation. Flush sanding. All three tips -one ball-bearing construction. Operates each for general gluing, at 12,000 orbits per minute. dowel gluing, $46.95 precision gluing. $8.95

MITRE CLAMP FROM SKIL CORDLESS New concept. Spring clamps are stretched and SCREWDRIVER placed on each corner with New model 2000. Can run hundreds special pliers. Holds firm for of on a single charge. Power­ perfect jOint. Saves time. ful gearing supplies driving force for Clamp pliers $28.95 professional use. Forward and reverse. #1 spring/clamp 2.00 Compact - weighs only 1 1/2 Plans and kits for all types of #2 spring/clamp 2.25 pounds. wooden toys. Hardwood wheels, S34.75 pegs, dowels, pe ople, smoke· stacks, cams, balls, rope, etc. - CATALOG UNIVERSAL CLAMP $1.00 New concept in clamping. #70Replaces Cherry Tree Toys, Belmont OH 43718 614/484·1746 most long, heavy adjustables. $ 14.95 tWIN WHEEL CASTORS High quality, modern design castors. Flat black. 50mm diameter. Screw-on plate. Super value. S 1.25 each NU-LIFE ABRASIVE BELT CLEANER Removes material lodged between abrasive grains. Makes belt look and perform like new. Up to fo ur times more life out of abrasive belts. Increases uniformity of fi nish,

+$2.25 Pstge. decreases down time. • • 59.75 To p Qualily Extra Durable One· Piece National Builders Hardware Lignum Vllae Carver's Mallei Liberal discount to Schools and Deale rs. PO Box 14609, Portland, OR 972 14 FREE 24-P. German sleel lool calalog -wrile: Freight Prepaid UPS Call in orders toll free: FRANK.MPOIITI MITTERMEIER, •• Of ,••• TOOLS InKI 19» I NC. 1-800-452-0182 in Oregon Dept. FW-7 , 3577 E. Tr emont Avenue 1-800-547-5574 Continental USA Bronx. New Yo rk 10465

11 Methods of Work edited and drawn by Jim Richey

Cutting flutes on curved turnings For cutting reeds and flutes in curved and tapered turnings, I Mortising use a cutter mounted in a drill press, and a special indexing Router screwed to jig to hold the workpiece. Although making the cutter re­ let into fence quires some time and moderate skills (or ma­ chine-shop expense), once it is done you can cut reeds and Pivot flutes on any shape with minimal set-up and excellent results. 2x4 clamps in .

Index head

from plastic-lamin ate-covered particleboard sold for shelving. I mounted the router on a piece of X-in. plywood re­ cessed into the face of the fence. -Charles W. Milburn, Weston, Onto

Vacuum attachment for the router Routing produces a lot of dust and chips. It is much more ef­ ficient to collect this messy waste as it is produced rather than Make the cutter from a short length of %-in. cold-rolled to sweep it up later. The sketch below shows how I adapted steel. Turn the top 1 in. of the cutter down to X in. so it can my Sears router to hold my shop vacuum nozzle. be chucked in the drill press. Drill a X-in. hole through the I positioned the nozzle so that it filled the gap near the cutter X in. from its bottom, and file the hole square to ac­ router's work light. It's supported in place with a wooden cept a short length of X-in. tool steel fo r the bit. In the bot­ tom of the cutter, drill and tap a hole for a setscrew, which holds the bit in place. Grind the bit to the shape of the pro­ file desired for the reed or flute. Wo oden block and shopmade When the cutter is complete, you will also need a jig to plexiglass base reduce air leaks. hold the turning and to index the work as the flutes are cut. The jig can be either a simple one-time affair or of a more elaborate, permanent design incorporating an adjustable tail­ Stock. In either case, lay out the round indexing head carefully by dividing the circle into a number of equal angles according to the number of flutes required. For example, if 24 flut es are desired, then the pin holes on the index head will be 150 apart. On a permanent jig, you can use one indexing head for many combinations by laying out several concentric circles of pin holes, each with a different number of holes. To Cut the flutes, first turn and sand the workpiece, then fasten it in place between centers in the jig. With the jig in place on the drill-press table, lower the drill-press quill until the cutter bit is on the centerline of the turning. Lock the quill at this setting. With the drill press running at its highest speed, move the turning into the bit and across the table. The block (screwed to the base) and a steel band. To reduce air bit CutS the profile of the flute while the cutter body rubs leakage through the holes in the router base, I added a solid along the turning, regulating the depth of Cut. After the first base plate made from X-in. clear plexiglass. cut, index the turning to the next hole and repeat the process -Harry M. McCully, Allegany, N. Y. until all flutes have been cut. -Kenneth We idinger, Erlanger, Ky. Installing jointer Here's how to replace reground knives in a jointer quickly Improved horizontal and accurately. First crank the infeed table all the way down This horizontal mortising router jig, shown above right, is a so it's out of the way. Place a knif e and a gib in the cutter­ more versatile adaptation of G.R. Livingston's (FWW head slot, with the screws tight enough to hold the in The jig can be clamped in a vise, but is fully portable#22). and place but loose enough so that it can be moved. The knife could be clamped to a sawhorse, fo r example. should project about Ys in. above the outfeed table. The fence is adjustable by means of twO bolts and wing Now place a piece of heavy plate glass on the outfeed table nuts, which lets you center the mortise in stock of different so that it projects over the cutterhead. Manually roll the cut­ thickness. The fe nce can be locked in pre-set positions (for terhead backwards until the projecting knife lifts the glass at mortising %-in. stock, fo r example) with a screw through the the top of its turning circle. Hold the cutterhead in place and fence into the frame behind. My version of the jig is made gently press the glass down on the outfeed table, pushing the

12 10" CONTRACTORS Looking For That

Cast Iron Table with Hard To Find Furniture motor, steel stand, blade, complete Hardware Part? Model JTS-' 0 The answer's elementary: Send for Kemp Hardware's extensive furniture and woodworking hardware catalog. A supplier to furniture factories for over F.O.B.-nearest warehouse (Chicago, Philadelphia, 60 S.F., Atlanta, Houston, Tacoma, N.Y.) years, Kemp Hardware inventories over 2300 SALE PRICE specialized furniture hardware items, until now only $349.95 available to the large furnit ure man ufacturers. Jet 10" Woodworking Contractors Table Saw with 1 Y, h.p. single phase 115/230v (pre-wired In stock: table sl ides, furniture lights, trim hardware 115v) 3,450 R.P.M. motor, two 10" extension grills, industrial woodworking glue, European wings, fingertip control, front guide rail, rear hardware, table locks, waterbed hardware and much guide bar, table insert, arbor pulley, motor pul­ more . Send for a complete catalog. and we'll ley, see-through blade guard with splitter and $3.00 anti-kickback attachment, 0/0" bore and V-belt, refund your $3 .00 with the first order. steel stand, and 10" blade. SPECIFICATIONS

Cutting capacity: 3%" Cutting range: 1 Yo" at 45° to 2';''' at 900 and a mitre permits cuts to 600 Table size: 20" x 27" cast iron Table size with extensions: 40" x 27" Dimensions: 27" H. by 40Y," W. by 37" D. Shipping weight: 248 Ibs. Warranty: 1 year TABLE SUDES FURNITURE UGHTS TRIM EUROPEAN INDUSTRIAL Send check or money order to: HARDWARE HARDWARE WOODWORKING Andreou Industries GLUE 22-69 23rd Street. Astoria, N.Y. 11105 Call collect (212) 278-9528 I � ��." ••• -••• P.O. Box 529. Paramount, CA 90723

SANDING TOOLS FROM WoodwKusterorkers FINE PRODUCTS AT WAREHOUSE PRICES THE DYNASAND 7�r THICKNESS SANDER KIT MAKITA .l I FREUD 0- ,ibmis,bing sander Li'Vt72M __ 0 4t,fi,....- S 42.5 r � LU73M 10".601, gen. purpose Model Shown 4112" f '" finishing sander L $ LU84M 10", SOt, smooth comb. 18" 3x24!:lelt sand r $ 4Qt5ll�4-5.50 4 x 24 !:lell sander SET aU Ihree above $129:00 112" plLnge rouler LU82M 10",601,t riple chip round base vers·on dado $50: 00' "-­ I DS306 6" 1/4" - 13116" $ 99.00 for :!6OO's DS308 8" dado 114" - 13/16" $120.00 lamin�te trimmer I 9820-2 blade sharpener 6010DWK cordless drill w/case 6012HD cordless clutch-drill DP.3720 3/8" var.!rev. drill ••. _6510 tiVR 3/8"::"'fow speed drill ALSO HITACHI i I 112" plunge router The portable inflat­ AIR SANDER - r� 1/4" plunge router able drum sander ���211 114" trimmer SAND-AID -The sanding lifesaver for L­ 4 x 24 belt sander making perfect belts and sieves r 3 x 21 belt sander finishing sander ABRASIVE ROLLS -Highest quality aluminum oxide resin bond cloth (open coat) from 1" to 8" wide I BELT CLEANERS -To increase life I T of your valuable belts up to 400% CLAMP KITS -Everything you need IHE r--L-_x�IORhile: to make wood hand screws up to 10". n [Compounded ••• rom Gk. xy lo· wood · -phdos AND MOREI XylopCO,\hil\PANYe' s I 1mg 1/i'] 1 6 1.).1; 1)one who loves wooa. SEND FOR CATALOG , AND PRICES TODAY _ _�_�_�40��05 ____ ��I i � � _ 5 __ __ e\ngto n�Y 1� �� VV__o� o�alov_e_r��� WoodworKusterkers P.O. Box 34, Skillman, NJ 08558 201-359-4680

13 Methods of Work (continued) knife down into the cutterhead slot. If the knife was not ex­ stOck, running it 100 off line with the blade. Make several actly at the highest point of its arc, it will still be slightly tOO passes, raising the blade Ys in. or so each time, until you reach high. Rocking the cutterhead back and forth under the glass the final depth. As with all undercutting operations, the stOck will level the knife with the outfeed table. Now tighten the must remain flaton the table. To keep the board in place, I gibs, then repeat the sequence with the other knives. use twO fences (straight pieces of wood clamped to the table­ -Joe Robson, Trumansbttrg, N. Y. tOp on either side of the workpiece) and a hold-down. -Ronald Nettrath, Louisville , Ky . Regrinding plane irons Bicycle-tire sharpening wheel

Spine fits slot During my seventy-two years, mainly through trial and error in plane iron. I've fo und certain methods that work well fo r me. One ex­ ample is this sharpening setup made from a bicycle wheel. Start with the complete front wheel and fo rk. I used a 26-in. by 2.125-in. tire. Mount the wheel assembly on a base so that its tire con­ tactS the pulley (1Y:;-in .) of aX-HP, 1725-RPM mo­ tor. Your wheel should revolve at about 100 RPM, with a surface speed of 650 ft. per minute. ow glue a strip of abrasive cloth to the tire surface, and you have a very ef­ ficient, low-cost grinding

Stick used as tool wheel. Use it so the sparks support maintains fly away from the tOol. correct angle. Because the speed is slow and the wheel is large, there is little heat buildup to burn a tOol and ruin the temper. If you place the whole assembly on a bench, the work area will be at eye level. With a simple stick jig you can quickly. easily and accurately As a companion tOol I use a belt-driven fitted with regrind plane irons on a bench grinder, and it's more fun than five side-by-side, 6-in. muslin buffing wheels. I charge this you can imagine. Select a good, stiff hardwood stick-mine is thick buffing sandwich with 1000-grit abrasive, which gun­ 44 in. long. Add a short wooden spine (to fit the iron's screw smiths use to polish gun barrels prior to bluing. I then polish slot) and a stOve-bolt/washer arrangement to hold the iron in all edge tOols to a mirror-sheen, razor-sharp edge. The whole place. Now, keeping the stick in line with the wheel, brace system is inexpensive and can be mastered by any flub-dub. the stick against the inside of your left foot and lightly arc the -Ray "Pappy " Holt, Ta mpa, Fla . iron across the wheel. The stick can be picked up to check the progress of the grind, then-as long as you don 't move your Router-table fence for edging discs foot-returned to the same SpOt against your shoe. The resulting blade grind won't be perfectly straight but crowned ever so slightly. This convex profile will prove supe­ rior to a straight profile for most hand- applications, Fence and is tricky to achieve any other way. -Patti D. Fr ank, Fond du Lac, Wi s.

Integral drawer pull

IRouter developed table the fence shown above to shape the edges of 42° round rings, such as clock bezels, on the router table. The Blade tilted to fence can shape both outside and inside edges of circular blanks. When shaping the outside edge, some part of the profile must remain uncut to provide a bearing surface against the fence, othetwise the disc would JUSt keep spiraling smaller. The fence is made by laminating 2-in. wide, Y:;-in. thick ply­ wood strips into two arms that fit tOgether in a Integral that pivots on a X-in. bolt. The other ends of the fence arms drawer pull fasten to the router table with wing nuts. Slots in both sides of the router-table tOp and in one arm of the fence allow This flush, integralWooden drawer fences pull clamped can be to made table on the tablesaw. adjustment fo r different size circles and dif ferent width rings. The profile seems to mirror gripping fingers, making it well The dimensions of the fence don't really matter, but I've suited to its task. found that the angle between arms cannot be less than 900 for To make the grip, tilt the blade to 420 and undercut the safety and should not be more than 135 o. At angles greater

14 �POWERMATIC • ROCKWELL . HEGNER. INCA. PORTER-CABLE . HITACHI. BLACK & DECKER . ROCKWELL'S LEGENDARY UNISAW BUY A PIECE OF AMERICA Eo<25 WITH A RECORD BRATTON PRICE • If you're planning to buy a UNISAW or ever thought � $1450AFTER e= REBATE PRICE about buying one, don't del ay. This is a on ce in a � <• lifetime offer ! • Additional telephones have been installed to- take your order. Call Monday- thru Fr iday, 8 a.m. 10 p.m., Saturdays, 9 a.m. 5 p.m.

In Florida:1-800-874 -8160 (904) 222-4842 • YOUCALL CA TODAN'T AFFORD Y FOR THIS TO REFUSEOFFER / #34-764 #34-761 Motor .. 3 ph 3 h.p.. 1'h h.p., Cover magnetic controls p.b. switch only Extra List ...... $1,850. List $1,560. Complete. ready to run SALE ...... $1,650. SALE ...... $1,420. with 1 ph., 3 h.p., mfg. rebate -$200. mfg. rebate -$200. magnetic controls, extension wings. "see­ thru" splitter-mounted guard. rip fence. See our full page ad in this same issue combination blade, miter gauge, guide bars. table BRATTON MACHINERY insert. motor pulley and � INC. V-belts. BM 7SJ & SUAttn:PPL Dept.Y, FWW • � 1015 Commercial Street The World Famous UNISA W Write for catalogs . P.O. Box 20408 . . .Imitated But Never Equalledt Enclose $3 for Tallahassee, FL 32316 . Can ton free: 1-800-874-8160 postage & handling. #34-763 LIST $1=850. In Florida: (904) 222-4842 SALE mfg. rebate FOB REBATE CONDITIONS: All orders must be received and paid $1650 -$200 $1450. no later than July 31, 1983. Customer's rebate request to Rockwell SALE PRICES ARE CASH PRICES must be made by August 31st, 1983. CALL NOW! • MAKITA • DEWALT . BIESEMEYER • JORGENSEN CLAMPS . AIR TOOLS • NORTON • RECORD QUALITY AT GREAT PRICES.... 04Y:! $$44.50 72.50 Postpaid MarWe guaranplestee these Ch are theisels same fine Marples -edged bench chisels made PAIR famous by the Blue Chip trademark, now offered here with a straight-grained $110 ash handle especially suited for hand paring, as well as light mallet work. %", YS:", %", and 1". Record Set of 4 An exceptional value. POSTPAID Bench Planes $19.95 OUR TWO MOST POPU LAR PLANES. The choice of professionals. 04Jf," is 1 OW' long for smoothing, polishing, and finishing TOLL FREE (800) 241-6748 surfaces. 07 is 22" long for producing straighter ORDERS ONLY 07 edges, stronger joints, and smoother surfaces than any ALL PRICES INCLUDE FREIGHT IN U.S. rotary planer. Cutting irons are 2-3/8" wide.

WOOD NEWS. If you order from our ads or send $1.00 for our catalog, you will receive FREE a subscription to Wood News, which cont ains wood­ Record working seminar information, tool analysis, and 52E Vise news of interest to all woodworkers. $59.95 POSTPA 10 THE MOST AFFORDABLE NOW'S THE TIME TO GO FOR QUAL ITY PROFESSIONAL VISE. Offers are valid while current inventories Quick release for instant last, or until Oct. 31, 1983. To order, send set-up. Jaws toe-in slightly check, money order, or MC/Visa info to: for certain grip. Larger sizes also available below. INQUI RE ABOUT OUR WORKBENCH TOPS.

Quick Jaw Jaw Clearance VISE Action Dog Width Opening Required Weight 52E Yes No 7" 8" 13" 19 1bs. $59.95 1034 N. Highland Ave., NE Dept. F41 52Jf,D Yes Yes 9" 13" 15Jf," 36 1bs, $99.50 Atlanta, GA 30306 (404) 872-4466 53E Yes No lOW' 15" 17" 38 1bs. $99.50 CATALOG $1.00 (Free with order).

15 Methods of Work (continued)

13 than 5 0, the workpiece rolls away from the router bit. Wo oden segments bolt These twO extremes, therefore, dictate the spread between the to chuck jaws . two slots in the router table and the length of the adjustment slot in the fe nce arm. With the setup shown here, the work should be rotated counterclockwise, into the bit's rotation. -Robert Wa rren, Camarillo , Ca lif

Guide blocks for accurate hand-planing 900 guide block clamped to plane

One lip fi ts rim, chuck the other fi ts base. for3-jaw most chucks; it's handy to have more than one set. In the face of the wooden overshoes I turn twO recesses, slightly dovetailed, to fit the rim and the base of a bowl. I mark both the overshoe segments and their matching jaws-if removed, each overshoe must go back on the same steel jaw it came off. � To use the overshoe chuck, I first mount the bowl blank End view of on a large screw center and turn the outside to rough dimen­ WorkpieBecause I don't own a jointer, I 450rely guide on my block bench planes for sions, taking care to size the base within a range that will truing up my lumber. To maintain a consistent angle, I cut fit the overshoe chuck. Then I reverse the blank, remount guide blocks from scrap pieces of hardwood and clamp them with the overshoe chuck gripping the base, and turn the in­ to the plane. side of the bowl. When the inside is complete, I reverse the I make a few passes, check the angle, then make final ad­ bowl in the chuck, gripping it by the rim to complete the justments using the plane's lever arm to tilt the blade. outside. This technique is particularly useful when working -Jack Ga bon, Missoula, Mont. green wood, which must be turned rough, dried, then re­ mounted fo r turning to final shape and finishing. Drilling compound angles -A.R. Hundt, Bl ackmans Bay, Tasmania Here's a simple method for drilling accurately through ir­ Sawing and assembly work station regular workpieces, or for drill­ ing tricky compound angles and having the hole exit where you want it. First clamp a board ro the drill-press table and drill the board to match a dowel on hand. Point a short length of dowel and insert it in the hole. Now mark the workpiece for the entry and exit holes, and center-punch the marks. Make the exit punch fairly deep. Place the workpiece's exit punch on the dowel point and drill on the opposite punch mark. -George Kasdorf, Ft . Wayne, Ind.

Three-jaw "overshoes" fo r bowlturning Like many avid wood turners, I use a three-jaw chuck for bowlturning and other faceplate work. With it you can avoid screw holes in the botrom of the bowl or skip the step of Here's a shop aid that let me put three different sets of saw­ gluing on a waste bottom with between. But the three­ horses Out to pasture. It makes a strong, portable work sta­ jaw chuck is limited in the size range it can hold, and it tion for sawing, sanding, assembly and other operations. Sim­ contacts the workpiece at only three points, limiting the ply flop the box to position the work 24 in., 30 in. or 36 in. strength of its grip-if you overtighten it you will mar the off the floor, whichever is convenient. Construct the unit by work. I overcome these problems by adding wooden "over­ screwing together six dowel-joined fr ames. shoes" to the chuck. The overshoes, shown above right, are -Bill Nolan, Mun ising, Mich, simply three 2-in. thick, wooden circle segments. I cut a groove in the back of each segment and bolt the piece to the Methods of Work buys re aders' tips, jigs and tricks. Se nd jaw with two countersunk Allen bolts. Annealed chuck jaws, details, sketches (we'll redraw them) and photos to Meth­ which can be drilled and tapped fo r the bolts, are available ods, Fine Woodworking, Box 355, Newtown, Conn. 06470.

16 tne Books and F- �qqWorkiBack Issues ng·

itChen Cabinets: Step-by-Step JereK Cary learned cabinetmaking for the same reason many of us do: he had to furnish a new apartment. Unlike most of us, he was lucky enough to have a friend, "Sag" Anderson, who was a master cabinetmaker and, says Cary, a master teacher. "Sag knew when to encourage, when to criticize, how to explain and when to throw down his cap."

Cary came away from his "apprenticeship" with an apartment full of furni­ A professional cabinetmaker. Jere ture and a desire to teach others what Sag had taught him. To help his Cary has been teaching his craft to students, Cary started writing classroom handouts. Over the years, he high school and college students refined and added to these until finally a student suggested he expand for over years. Below. three of them into a book. 15 the 220 illustrations in the book. The result, Building Your Own Kitchen Cabinets (softcover, 152 pages, $12) is what one editor here called a "t our de force on cabinetmaking." Filled with facts, shop tricks and techniques that are missing from other books on the subject, Cary's book follows a "plan of procedure" which takes the reader through every step of the cabinetmaking process. The book begins with a chapter on laying out cabinets, then goes on to explain how to select materials, rough-cut the parts, lay out and cut the joints, assemble .. the case, etc. There's even a final chapter on "Jigs and Fixtures" "N." "" ",rtltlon"ndeods to help make the work go easier and faster, and some valuable advice about how to handle common mistakes.

The book is filled with the kin d of details that experienced craftsmen appreciate, yet the text and illustrations are clear enough for beginners. In fact, one of the book's chief virtues is that its step-by-step approach helps build confidence in first-time cabinetmakers. So, if you're thinking about redOing your kitchen­ or building cabinets for your shop-Cary's book should help you get started. It will certainly help you get the job done right.

�inish end Bench lO QamoSO Toenail a shelf a finishcnd the: nails woo', show.. Plas­ tic laminate prevents 10 the hammer from marring he end. Use a nail sel drive in the last � in. of the nail.

To order: Use the insert that fo llows. or send your order and $12 to The Taunton 'lOp drawer face Press. Church Hill Road. Newtown. UK 52 To the drawer-pull jig. place the jig on the face of the CT Or call toll-free drawer. aligning its centerline with the centerline on the 06470. 1-800-243-7252 lOp end of the face. and use your credit card. Behind the scenes of our new

st spring. Harriet Hodges Realizing there would be times All of this information has been of Rural Retreat, Virginia, when less detail might be more bound into a 44-page, softcover I: took on the challenge of in­ helpful, editor John Kelsey added booklet, so for $2.50 you can now dexing our back issucs. Hodges was to I lodges' work a three-page list­ have a comprehensive index to all an editor and English teacher be­ ing of article titles by key word. your back issues. fore becoming a woodworker and Each title here appears just as it did To order the or back is­ sheep farmer. Unhappy with the in­ in the magazine, except the word Index sues. use the insert. or send your dexes we ran in issues 7, 3, and that best describes its contents is 1 21 order and payment to: The 30, and agreeing with us that good set in boldface typ e. (If a relevant Taunton Press. Church Hill information never goes out of date, word was not part of the original ti­ 52 Road. Newtown. CT Or she set out to do the job right. tle, Kelsey put one in.) The benefit 06470. call toll-free. 800 and of this listing is that it al lows you 1- -243-7252. Hodges produced thousands of in­ use your credit card. to see at a glance the major articles dex cards, and we fed them to our on a given, relatively broad. sub­ typesetting computer. The result: ject. It also tells you whcther a par­ 36 pages of listings (small type, but ticular article appears in one of the very readable)-some entries 15,000 first four Tech­ covering every article, letter, meth­ Fine Woodworking books. (A final one-page list­ od of work, Question answer and niques . & ing of back issue contents uses th photo of finished work published same key words, so you can in the first 39 issues of the maga­ go back and forth between zine. (An extract of this listing, cov­ specific articles and the ering the nine issucs since our last issues they appear in.) Index, appeared in FWW #40.)

imon Watts likes to build things- fine furniture, houses, boats, timber bridges. He also likes to find out all he can about the history of the things he builds and to tell others what he's learned. A professional cabinetmaker for over years,S \Vatts has written articles for Fine \Voodworking on every­20 thing from drop-leaf tables to lapstrakc boats. He's also written articles and recorded nautical folk stories for other magaZines, taught classes in woodworking, calculus, architectural design, sail­ ing and boatbuilding.

The reason we're tel ling you about Watts is that we're in the midst of editing his first book, which we'll be publishing this Fall. It will be called Building A Houseful of Furniture, and will in­ clude complete plans for 43 of Watts' most successful pi eces-beds, sofas, chairs, tables, etc. As you'd expect, the book will also in­ clude a lot of information about the construction of the furniture, and some interesting essays on furniture design and history. Watts doesn't cover basic cabinetmaking tools or techniq ues-he as­ sumes readers are fa miliar with these (or have copies of Tage Frid's books). He does explain the knotty technical problems in each piece. and talks about the methods he's used to solve them. In Progress: The book will be available at the end of October. In the Building Houseful meantime, you can read some of Watts' articles in our back issues. A The Index listing for Watts shows he's written an even dozen. of Furniture by Simon Watts A... Quickand demon strationa lo of okhow you insican use thede new index

and wood moisture content. clamping blocks With. 3 I:I. 3. of production runs. 24:83 4:2:1. 7:28-29. 28:24 87-89 racks for. homemade. 10 :34-25. Subject/Author Index. and wood properties. 7:28. 30 clamps fo r. 31:86. 87. 88 31:111 Use1. this marvelously detailed, wood welders for. 31 :60. 62. dieletric glue drier for Di­ and raised glue line. 10:29. 11:27. :15:7 6 (see 19:30-31 34- electric gluing.) page listing to locate specific infor­ yellow (see Aliphatic resin glue.) edges. with tape. 33: 14-I 6. 69 of splined staves. 17:60 See also Acrylic adhesives. Ali­ and equilibrium moisture con­ and squareness. 12: I 4- 15 ..1 I: I. 3. mation. For instance, say you're phatic resin glue (yellow). Casein tent. 39:94 88-89 planning to edge-join two glue. Contact cements, Cyano­ and finish problems. 1:64. 65. squeeze-out protection for. :19:32- acrylate glue. Dielecuic gluing. 37:34-36 I 34 boards, and want to know which End-grain: sealing. Epoxy glues. frames. care with. 3 I :88. 89 stacked construction. 5:22-25. 26 Hide glue. Hot-melt glues. Mas­ glue application fo r. 3 I :86-87 surgical tuhing for. 37:4 glue to use on such an oily wood. tics. Melamine adhesives. Poly­ glue spreading for (see Glues: table for. 13:14.31:86 vinyl resin glue (white). Rabbit­ spreaders for.) temperature for. 6:37 Check this listing and you'll find skin glue. Resin-emulsion glues. glue squeeze-Qut with. 12: 5 of threaded pieces. 8:68 I two issues (6 and with informa­ Resorcinol-formaldehyde glues. grain direction and. 3 I :87 trolley for. 37:67 Room-temperature vulcanizing jigs for. devising. 18:59-61 vertical. of tabletops. 18:64-65 10) silicone elastomers (RTV) glue. and joint curing time. 7:31 of wedges. ply wood and angle­ tion that may be helpful. Vinyl adhesive. of laminatc� in forms. 7:63 iron jig for. 10:74 Gluing up. 7:28-32 .;5 aftt! Olachini See also separate construction alignment fo r. 31 :87. 88. 89 asking edges for. 2 Annual :I� methods: separate joints. assembly times for. 7:29. 31 Oily woods. 6:37. 10:29 rings. orientation for. Lamina­ boards. 2:37-38. 3:5 PIn :ap I· tion. Marquetry: mounting of. of bowl blocks. 1:17-18 planes. 1:24-25. 2 9 Gluts: of burned wood.12 :32 plate glass as surface for. I 1:43 making. 12:64 cambered cauls for. 3 :89 prefinishing With. 31:86 USing. 12:66 I at cellular level. 7:28-29 preparation for. 12:32. 17:58. Glycol humectant. toxicity of. 9:56 Circular laminates. jig for. 3 I :62 .1 I :86 (see also Surfacing.) Go-bars. with corner block. 18:61 and clamping. 7:30-31 of production-run inlays. 27:46 Goblets:

Choosing and making suitable moldings, 35:61 Pictures: Making the presentation case presentable. 2:1 i9 T4: 179 French Fitting: : . A listing of what's available in book and sheet form. :\:52 Article Tides by KeyWord. Furniture Plans: Issue2. had the answer you were Craftsman's Shop, gal1ery combination works in Phil:ldclphia, .1: 10 10 Pencil Gallery:A bag of tricks for marking 11:7&. T2:75 looking for-a suggestion by con­ G Gauges: wood. 20:R2 Geometric Marquetry. sulting editor Andy Marlow-but 15:80. T3:2 I 4 . Gilding. with Metal Leaf· Fi,"i' or .. frame or a lleur-de-Jis .'\(, ,7; you're still not happy with your Gilding the"'"trall of Ci'nnino. 36: i9 . GildiQ8 .on Fathers of contemporary craftmanship. 26:41-: gluing work. What you'r e looking Gimsonand and Gluing: the Barnsleys: \V(l()(iw orking adhesives arc stronger than wood, 7:ZK TI :X6 Glues Up: How to get a strong. square as.o;cmbly. 310M for are in-depth articles on the sub­ Gluing . th'entjJ rc:r RememberGrstudy andp in afun. I\I:Ct� io)nal design. 12:40 ject. A Quick glance at the three­ Greene and Greene: A Usc your tool rest only as a fence. 29:66 Grinding: page listing of article titles reveals Rosettes: Making a basic clement, 4:53 A Not-50-ClaSSiC Rosette for Classicalguitar 28:5 I Guitars. two possibilities, one in issue 7 and Binding and Purfling: Decorating edges with thin wood . ZX:52 Guitar one in issue a 16:36 Working with Handicap. Period Furniture Ho it's made and where to get it. .1.t:xo 31. H Hardware: w The American 3 I:70 Harp.Musicians make concert instruments. 11:,1H Harpsichords:14 :84 Have a Seat. in \Vood working: Simple precautions minimize risks. 9:54 Health HazardsAxwork shapes log directly 21:64. T4:84 AHewing: Two-Way Careful routing makes screen fold. 10:69. T2:105 Hinge:34: 100 AdventurHorgos' Gambit.e: The Great Escape. 36:42 Hot Tub

shapero Routing for inlays. Precision. Finishing mate­ tage. Sharpening equipment. Slow- sJX.�d sharpen· rials. OntariO exhibition. Solid wood doors. Library ing. Fixtures fQr s�t;amHoutint' bending.mortises. BendingYurnlture with ammo­ Back Issue Contents. stcpS (project). nia. Rrn:foJ}·top ....f:abl . a You've3. read the article in issue 7, cxhlbhion. logging with horse. \Vhales. Issue #18, September 1979 Issue #31, Novemb;;:" I9'81'" but have dis covered that you're a . Charred finish. Tool auction. Showcase cabinets. 'a­ Canoeists meet. Preying tree. McKinley wrl.'Stles missing issue Should you go pcrcd sliding dovetail jig. l'launched mortise and mons of Industrial design. On dcslgnlnw: chairs. Pro­ tenon. Mortising table legs. OldDr World p-l a cabinet jects: end-grain lamp. IIvlng-room table, music stand, 31. maker. Production problem. o e f and �atc.-1clC cross-country ahead and buy it? Before you de­ skis, American harp, spindlefiJ(ure. cradic. tables. Making the rule joint. Turning chisels. 11£l:'h Mechanism for cribs. Turning for Bowl lathe. school woodwork. Finishing the finish. Cabriole legs. cide, tum to the last page of the Pillar-and-claw table. Gluing up. LaCQlIerM el finishing. Contour tracer. Cabriole templatesFurniture. Panek-d dooni Long Island exhibition. Portfolio: Ich c Zaccheo In­ and walls. New Handmade exhibition. Ele.. and check the uar)' phant desk. Rhinodesk. Issu 1982 dex Back Issue Con­ Dashboards#32, d\:lcJagance. Turned bowls. Timber. to see what else is in the issue. Issue #19. November 1979 Wooden baron clamps. On makin�C,ralnger chairs comfortable. tents Slip .k>lnts radlal·arm saw. McKoy's Grandpa. Wharton [sherick. Two rattles (project). Burning-In Dragonfly (project). Two toy trucks (projecC). Onter· carved birds. bird feathers. CUlling shell veneering. Polyethylene glycol.t OOO. Turning Gauge.built. Business of woodworking.carrier Printer's saw re­ conference. Turner's gauges. Oll·varnlsh finishes. Oval boxes. Shaker (project) Torsion box. C.a lifornla exhibitions. Portfolio: Charles Rombold..by C'.opcnha­ gan exhibition. Surn:ymachine. J3pa­ Issue # 33, March 1982 nl.'SC joineryThe . The jointer. Mortising. of band· tocradle. Split saws. Woodchuck. Cratew ood auction.and sha,·l.'d chair. Tool lovers get together. Tool Designing for rna· Issue #20, January 1980 � a: l� a o achian d I�� �� �·f d�� ;r;� n ���� (��ib��· r: .�� "luExpensivec tools. Michael Thonet. One-plcee chair. n . ; Trussed Log Bridge. Woodlot management. Alr·dry· press. Wovcn cane. Ash splint basket. I.amlnat· (XInd \'ict­ ina lumocr. Shop-built saw. Twist turning. ed fishingnct. Knockdown tabletops. ()rlcntable. naml.'SC planes. Iowa exhibition. Miler box. Japanese planes. Woodencuttcr.; plane. French polish finish. Sc...'L-dlac . Shaper and fences. Pij,(l.'Onhok Issue # 34, May 1982 desk. Repairing chairs. Safety. Arnolu Mikelson. Beainner's in the r. lament. Cabinet sk Japant..'SC slid· Q&A -' Building a violin cas e I m building a violin case with rule out camphor? I don't want to expose my students or an arched li d. I'd li ke to use plywood fo r the top panel, but myself to unnecessary hazar ds, but neither do I want to see I'm not sure how I can bend it. Do I have to glue up my grandfather's tools rust befo re my eyes. veneers on a fo rm, or can I simply bend a piece of Baltic -CO Roy Blackwood, Hammond, La. birch plywood? Also, what's the best way to attach the MICHAEL MCCANN REPLIES Camphor is mainly a local irritant arch to a solid wood frame? that affects the eyes, nose, throat and skin. But overexposure -David Pinals, Belmont, Mass. can affect the central nervous system, causing the symptoms ROBERT MEADOW REPLIES: I recommend that you use Ys-in. you mention, and very high levels of camphor vapors can kill Italian poplar bending plywood for the top, rather than the the sense of smell. birch. The birch is toO stiff, and the poplar will give you a If the tablets are put in the container or cabinet where the better surface on which to glue the leatherette covering. To tools are stored, the camphor produces a constant level of avoid the chore of mold-building, we use bending irons, but vapors in the closed area. When you go toget the tools, you if your case is a one-shot job and you don 't want to buy an could inhale the vapors, thus exposing yourself to irritation, iton, the poplar can be bent cold over a gentle radius-say, though the risk from this level of exposure is probably quite 12 in. If the Ys-in. thickness doesn't seem strong enough, use low. If camphor is spread directly on the tools, skin irritation twO layers with glue in between. is likely, particularly in the summer when the camphor is dis­ solved by sweat on the hands. By using machine oil as a ruSt Glue and nail poplar preventative, you avoid this hazard entirely. Another ruSt in­ plywood to frame. hibitor available in tablet fo rm is sold by Cortec Cor p., 310 Chester St., St. Paul, Minn. 55 107.I don't know how well this product works, but the manufacturer claims that it contains no hazardous materials and is FDA-approved.

Tea table tops-In Volume I of his Furniture Treasury, Wallace Nutting illustrated tea tables with delicately molded tray tops. How were these tops constructed, and were they always attached to the table ra ils, or could they be removed fo r use as a sel'ving tray? Was the tableto p ever protected with a sheet of glass? Corner joints -Earl M. Wintermoyer, Niceville, Fla . glued and nailed CARLYLE LYNCH REPLIES: The topS of the rectangular Queen Anne tea tables you refer to invite being picked up, but I've never seen such a table with a removable tray top. The wide rails sometimes housed a wide drawer or pullouts-one table I saw recently had pullouts that showed signs of a hot teapot having been set on them. Though some of these tables appear to have been rabbeted for glass, I don't think it was used. The topS were usually made of a single, wide board, thick enough to allow the table surface to be dished out and its edges molded. There was good reason to make the topS in one piece: if the were applied cross-grain, sea­ sonal comings and goings would have warped or cracked the top. In the traditional cabinet I suggest Bottom that you nailed make on the top frame and box Out of shop, a hand touter plane Applied moldingRail poplar as well, as in the drawing. Cases can be built quick and chisels would have been plywood edge. and dirty, with glued and nailed butt joints. Attach the top to used to scoop Out the table its frame with nails, screws or staples, to be covered later by surface, fo llowed by a scratch the leatherette, which you can buy at local fabric or uphol­ stock, molding planes and stery stores. A block of foam rubber cut Out to match the perhaps gouges for the mold­ violin's shape, with Y:;-in. clearance on all sides, will pad the ing. We have an option not Plywood top instrument. Or you can CUt the shape into a block of wood available to our forebears, can be screwed and then pad it with foam or cotton batting. Either way, line however. We can make the to rails. the padding with velour, yellow-glued in place. Bending pop­ top of plywood faced with lar can be ordered from Allied Plywood, 1635 Poplar St., the veneer of our choice. I New York, N.Y. 10461. know that purists cringe at the thought of plywood, but our cabinet-grade is a good ptoduct that adequately replaces the Camphor hazards-Camphor tablets are sold as a rust large slabs of hardwood which are becoming scarce and ex­ preventative fo r tools, but a pamphlet I've seen on hazard­ pensive. If early cabinetmakers had had plywood, I don't ous chemicals says that this material can irritate the eyes think they would have scorned its use. With stable plywood and skin, and cause nausea, vomiting, headaches and oth­ for the tabletop, the molding can be applied with no worry er discomforts. Are these sym ptoms significant enough to about grain direction. To hide the edges of the plywood, the

20 Antique Woodworking Tools MAKITA-HITACHI Craftsmen -We havp a widl' PORTER-CABLE End variety of hand working tools - Mo l List wooden planes. Stanlt�y tools. de Sell B04510 79 47.50 p wertoo' measuring marking tools -as ppd. o & 1900B 139 87 well as collectible antiqup tools ppd. 1100B 261 158 ra -all at reasonable prices - ppd. Disar y! 9924B 198 123 Quarterly illustratl�d pricp lists ppd. 9401 273 170 Power tool brackets -$6.00/yr. ppd. 3600B 299 189 Less than $3.00 each, Thl� Toolbox ppd. 6010DW 136 90 PI�tI�rsburg Kd. w/case ppd. for the set. 8219 6510LVR 109 67 Evansvillp. IN 477 1 1 ppd. Made of heavy gauge steel. Most Makita, Hitachi, and Porter Mount to wall or pegboard Cable power tools and stationary machines in stock at similar low prices. We also stock table saws, band saws, FULL-SIZE PLAN , shapers, Freud, Everlast, Mar· pies, Record, and much more. Early American ����� Call toll free for catologs and any CHAIR TABLE technical or pricing information you You'll enjoy making it. You'll may need. love having it in your home. VISA, MasterCard & others. Back of Colonial chair flips over to become serving ta­ ble. a game lable. Storage 1·800·328·8 152 space under seat. A delight! i l 0-6 12-644-9622 Make it In pine and iI's MN. authentic! da CATALOG $2.00 Over 170 full-Size profes­ CAPITOL CARBIDE Sional pla s. Early Amer- n : �n Vlr,1Il"TT��J!IIJ/I [5 �I'S � 1397 SELBY AVENUE lance refundedg���n � WithP��:;I�� 1st order. Send today. ST. PAUL, MN 55104

Furniture DeSigns Prices subject to change according to mar· Dept. KC-73 ket conditions. 1425 Sherman, Evanston, IL 60201

Delmhorst Model G-30 Power Sander Brackel Wood Moisture Router Brackel - FOMINIATURERE POWERDOM TOOLS ® ";- , Detector AND ACCESSORIES SIMPLE "ONE-STEP" ..1. :5-" � You can choose from hundreds of I) steel cutters, abrasive points, buffs, -=�. , NECESSARY • 2���i�M�s ::..!." � sanding drums, dozens of other spe· AUTOMATIC SHUT·OFF, TEMPERATURE·STABLE CIRCUIT. DIRECT READING, 6·30% WOOO M.C. cial tools for operations like these: Sabre Saw Bracket The Model G·30 is the latest addition to the Delmhorst line of Circular Saw Bracket moisture detectors preferred by Woodworkers world·wide. GRINDING CLEANING The G·30 may be used for maximum accuracy with any one of the • uea interchangeable Delmhorst electrodes. SAWING SANDING A new, improved instrument backed by years of reliable experience _ The Fine Tool Shops, Inc. Dept. F3 and outstanding service second to none. Call us today! 1 CARVING 20 Backus Ave., P.O. Box 1262 • RushDanbury, the following cr 06810 power tool brackets to me mhorstSt. . Instrument Company 1/8" and 3/32" diameter shanks Del postpaid, Dl____908M Cedar P.O. Box 130,Boonton,NJ____ 07005 Birds, ships, furniture, woodcarving Quantity .... 201/334-2557 _ of every type is faster, easier with __ Set of all Five (305) $17,95 Foredom. Perform the most in tricate __ Electric (300) $ 4,45 operations with finest professional __ Router (301) $ 3.95 resu lts. Don't settle for less! __ Circular Saw (302) $ 4,95 5 different __ 1 __Sander (303) $ 3.95 Sabre Saw (304) $ 3,95 o Check Enclosed 0 Charge o Visa 0 American Express Over 20 Domestic and o Mastercard--- 0 Diners -- Exotic Hardwoods Card No. ::...:. -=---..:...:.--- _ Big Direct Mill See your dealer or send now for FREE Exp. Date _____ Catalog 280 HP ______Savings 1 Name ______Buy top quality hardwoods ______Address Name I __ ___ and veneers direct from our mill at ______I City State Zip substantial savings. Street Credit Card Holders Call 800 -243·1037 ______1 In Connecticut 797-0772 Send for FREE Catalog City State Zip I __� . 1 �----,,.,-Am encan --- I CWarlcrafte.rs ® THE FO�EDOM ELECTRIC• COMPANY 1025 South• Roosevelt �FBethel,OREDOM CT DBBD1 203-792-8622 ® I ____(tf1ecnne%______o18ho_RS___ ) 1 Piqua, OH 45356 Phone (513) 773·7414 Ext. 291 IL l

21 Q & A (continued) molding should have a rabbeted skirt, as shown in the draw­ clamps long enough, JUSt nail ing. It can be joined by splined miters at the corners. You can blocks to the floor at each attach the top to the rails with the traditional in mor­ end of the stock and apply tises, or, since seasonal wood movement isn't a problem, with pressure to the joint with screws driven through the rails and into the top at an angle. wedges against the blocks. When you edge-glue your Stenciling chairs-I need to redo the stenciling on a set of lengthened boards into the Hitchcock dining chairs. The rubbed flo ral design on the finished counter, stagger the back slat is in good shape, but the design on the back posts joints to lessen the stress on needs restoration. I'd like to respr ay the black background each one. I'd suggest you use and restencil, but I don't know how to go about it. Also, a hard film finish such as where can I buy stenciling supplies? polyurethane; otherwise the tannic acids in oak may react -Arthur R. Hocker, Fayetteville, Ark. with metal that comes in contact with the counter, staining it. FLORENCE E. WRI GHT REPLIES: The stenciling on the uprights is nothing more than metallic powders polished ontO a coat of Truing up a level-I have a 4-ft. wooden le vel with fi xed tacky varnish, so it shouldn't be toO hard to repair. On the vials that seems to be about � in. out of plumb. How I can uprights, the pattern was almost always yellow-gold on a true it? -Bruce Dichter, Minneapolis, Minn. dark background. By taping a piece of tracing paper over the KAREN TYNE REPLIES: First, test your level by placing it against designs you wish to restore, you can reproduce the pattern a vertical surface, say, a wall or a door jamb. Test one edge of from parts of the design that remain, or from other chairs. the level first, then flip it around and try the other edge. An Then make a stencil by transferring the tracing and cutting accurate level will yield the same bubble reading off both out the design in architects' linen or a similar type of plastic edges, whether the surface is plumb or not. Repeat this test paper. Fine-pointed scissors or an X-acto knife will work well on a horizontal surface. for this job. Make a palette from a piece of fine velour and Wooden levels usually become inaccurate for twO reasons: use silk-backed velvet .or a chamois as a polishing cloth. Stitch the wood warps, or the vials get knocked out of alignment. or glue the edges of the cloth to prevent raveling. To prepare Sight down the level to check for warpage. It doesn't matter your palette, rub the gold powder into it. if the face of the wood is bowed, but if the edges are Touch up or repaint the chair, then apply one or two coats crowned, you'll need to straighten them with a hand plane or of varnish. You can pad on the varnish with a lintless cloth, a jointer. If your level is edged with brass strips, as many are, wiping most of it off. You're ready to begin stenciling as soon you may be able to remove them to plane the edges. Other­ as the last coat of varnish is tacky enough that a finger wise, it's best to sand the brass flat with a long , pressed into it won't leave a mark but comes away with a or to have a machine shop take a light cut with a grinder. slight click. JUSt make sure the edges are kept parallel. Lay the chair on its back with the work area toward you. Skewed vials can sometimes be pried out and reset, but Hold the stencil in place, and with your polishing cloth more often it's easier to just knock out the old ones with a wrapped smoothly over the pad of your first finger, dip i� into hammer and buy replacement vials and glass windows (crys­ the powder on the velour and tap off any excess. Use a circu­ tals) from the level's manufacturer. To install them, set the lar motion to polish the powder OntO the tacky varnish. Let end of each vial in a dollop of painters' crack filler, adjusting this dry thoroughly. If striping around the pattern is needed, the vials in the unhardened filler until they test accurately use a fine striping brush and a color that matches the from both edges, plumb and level. A little vinegar added to old chairs. You can mix this paint yourself by adding yellow the crack filler will retard curing, giving you plenty of time to ochre and raw and burnt umber coloring to a chrome-yellow get the vials right. Let the crack filler dry overnight, then seal base. The color should look like mustard or khaki. Mix in a it with a coat of white latex paint. The crystals, which fit into little varnish to get the right consistency. Finish your new a small groove, can be mounted in a of putty or semi­ work with twO coats of varnish tinted with raw or burnt um­ hardening caulking compound. ber to mellow the bright gold color, fo llowed by two coats of clear varnish, sanded between coats. Follow-up: Stenciling supplies are sometimes sold by local paint shops Re plate joinery (FWW #34, p. 95). Here's another meth­ or sign-writing suppliers, and by mail-order from Craf ts od fo r cutting the slots for the plates without having to buy Manufacturing Co., 72 Massachusetts Av e., Lunenburg, the expensive hand power tool. We simply bought one of the Mass. 01462. carbide-tipped replacement blades and mounted it on our ra­ dial-arm saw. The blade's arbor hole is Ys in., so we machined End-to-end gluing up-I'm planning to buil d an II-ft . a bushing Out of a steel washer to match it to the o/s -in. saw counter out of 6/4 white oak, but I don 't have boards long arbor. We tilt the motor to the vertical position and Cut the enough. Is it acceptable to glu e up random-length lu mber slots using the jig shown on p. 24. end to end to make a counter that's 11 ft . long, 25 in. The jig includes a slotted fence that clamps in place of the wide and 1 J{6 in. thick? saw's regular fence, and an auxiliary table that raises the work -Patrick Wa rner, Escondido, Calif high enough so that the arbor nut will clear. The slot is posi­ TAGE FRIO REPLIES: Yes, you can glue up your boards end to tioned by referring to index marks on the fence; a end to make them long enough. First square the ends of the clamped in the saw track controls its depth. Make sure the boards and Cut X-in. grooves in the end grain with a slotting blade arc is parallel to the table, or your finished parts will cutter in a router, if you have one. So the splines will be have a twist. To slot the end of a rail or a stile, we clamp strong and to keep seasonal movement from cracking the another fence at right angles to the slo tted fence and make boards at the joint, run the grain in the splines in the same the usual cuts. This method can't match a hand-held plate direction as the grain in the boards. Glue your boards length­ 's ability to edge-join one panel to the middle of an­ wise before you rip them to final width. If you don't have other large panel, nor will it match miters as handily. For

22

Q & A (continued) that will do custom work by mail-order: CA. Street and Sons, Strawberry Hill, PO Box 98, Advance, .C 27006 Roger L. Frick, c/o Precision Grinding and Machine, 844 W. 14th St., Eureka, Calif. 9550 1 Breezewood Enterprises, PO Box 266, Reynoldsville, Pa. 5585 1 Readers· .. can't find: information, plans or a book on carving Dutch wooden shoes.· .. -John P. Anton, Moorhead, Minn. plans for a Hoosier-sryle kitchen cabinet with flour bins and· . a flour sifter. -David Pilon, Flushing, Mich. . a source for the APSEE electronic air purifier that was mentioned in FWW #25, p. 59. -Joe Tracy, Mt. Desert, Maine

About our answer people: Robert Meadow teaches luthiery and makes stringed instru­ ments in Saugerties, N.Y. Michael McCann heads the Center for Occupational Hazards in New York. Carlyle Lynch is a retired fu rniture designer and maker who lives in Broadway, Va. Florence E. Wright wrote Stenciling Ch airs, a book published by Media Services at Cornell Universiry, 7 Research those jobs, you might try making a similar setup for the ta­ Park, Ithaca, .Y. 14850. Tage Frid is a retired cabinet­ blesaw. -Bernard Theiss and Linda Fishel-, Sharon, Pa. maker and professor at the Rhode Island School of Design. He has authored twObooks on woodworking. Karen Tyne Sources of supply: works at the Peerless Level and Tool Co. in Walnut, Ill. Articles abour making machines and tools often suggest that you have a local fabricate parts. If there aren't any Send quel-ies, comments and sources of supply to Q & A, where you live, or if they can't help you, here are three shops Fine Woodworking, Box 355, Ne wtown, Conn. 064 70. r------, FREE SANDING BELTS I DIRECT FROM THE MANUFACTURER I EXOTIC (Manufactured at642 North EighthS treet, Reading, Pa.) I With yourorder d one dozen or morebelts. wewill send yousix FREE. All beltsare aluminum AND oxidefirst quality. Ourelectronic pressesmake smooth bump· freesplices. I Oleck your size andhowmanydozen. x I DOMESTIC We will ship assorted gritsunless 9" 11" Paper Sheets othe d. I rwisespecifie (100 sheets per package) HARDWOODSRosewoods Walnut Maple D 1"x30" -$1 2.70/doz. D 40·D-$31/pkg. I Finishing Paper Bubinga D 1"x42" -12.7S/doz. D SO·D- 2S/pkg. D lS0-A-$19/pkg. Cherry D 1"x44" -12.S0/doz. D 60·D-26/pkg. D 220-A-19 /pkg. I Padauk Koa D 3"x lS" - 13.7S/doz. D SO-D-24/pkg. D 2S0-A- 19/pkg. I Italian Olive D 3"x21" -14.2S/doz. D IOO-C- 22/pkg. Zebra Shedua D 3"x23%" - 14.70/doz. D 120-C- 22/pkg. (Additional Species Available) 3" x24" - 14.7S/doz. I D D lS0-C- 22/pkg. Wet or Dry SIC Paper Logs. lumber and musical D 3" x 27" - lS.2S/doz. D 220-A-$2S/pkg. I instrument components, D 4" x21%" - 16.7S/doz. D 320-A- 2S/pkg. Our specialty: sawn veneer D 4" x24" -17.2S/doz. D 400-A- 2S/pkg. I S2S 'I .... 'I,', 'Ii'. D 4" x36" -20.9S/doz. D 600-A- 2S/pkg. I Walnut. Cherry. Maple, D 6" x4S" - 22.9SIY2 doz. (3 FREE) Bubinga. Zebra. and Padauk. Free form table tops Other size on request I belts Prompt deliYery fromstock. also available. MONEY· BACKG

. .. PATENTS WHEN YOU BUY TOOLS PENDING And, whenSEE you buyWHAT at The Cutting YOU Edge, ARE you BUYING! can examine and com­ pare and have them demonstrated for you. See over 4, 700 top quality hand tools, power tools, books, magazines, and exotic hardwoods. Take woodworking classes. We carry: INCA-HEGNER -HENNIKER "Versatile" Saw -ZYLISS Vise -LEIGH Dovetail Jig ­ . Plate Joinery machines. - FREUD Saw B lades . • PLUS. . EXCITING EVENTS AT ALL STORES BUILD A PIECE OF FURNITURE with SIMON WAD S & JOSEPH BAVARO. Summer Woodworking in the Woods -Aug. 22-27 or • Aug. 29 -Sept. 2 • A DAY AT SAM MALOOF'S WORKSHOP - Sept. 17 MICHAEL DUNBAR. BUILD A "hands-on" Work­ shops. Sept. & Oct. at all stores. -CALL STORE NEAREST YOU FOR DETAILS - lOS ANGElES. CA 90066. 3871 Grand View Blvd. (213) 390·9723 BERKElEY. CA 94710. 1836 Fourth SI. (415) 548·601 1 CA . SAN DIEGO. 92126. 7626 Miramar Rd . #3500 'LHEI CUI:TIN,lG EDGE® (6 19) 695-3990

TOP BAA REMOVED FOR ILLUSTRATION Now available in 3f4 " thickness, 24" width capacity. Ideal for chests and case work as well as small drawers and boxes. Perfect through dovetails with infinitely variable layout of pins and tails with precise adjustment of joint tightness.

Send today for full information on LEIGH DOVETAIL JIGS and the name of your nearest supplier. ASK FOR FREE.'dO;- CATALOG SOLD THROUGH LEADING DISTRIBUTORS DEALER ENQUIRIES INVITED WETZLER CLAMP CO., Inc. 43·13 11TH STREET LONG ISLAND CITY. N.Y. 11101 LEIGH INDUSTRIES LT. D. TE L. 212 -784-2874 Box 4646, Quesnel, B.C. V2J 3J8, Canada Tel (604) 992-2440

CustOIn Veneered Panels Bonded panels manufactured to your specifications. Select veneer from our inventory of over 15 0 species and figure types. Call or write with your requirements.

VENEER 1807 Elmwood Avenue. Dept. 23 CATALOG Buffalo. New York 14207 Send $1.00 716-876-4720

Increase the productivity and safety of your table saw or shaper with the • 3 Feed Speeds Sleeveless DRUM SANDER Gwilliam Power Feeder. • Motor Reversing Switch USE ON: NO PRE-MADE SLEEVES TO BUY This power feeder pays for • Holds work tightly Drill Press ECONOMICAL- Simply cut from standard size sheets against fence Small Motor itself by reduced labor and lathe UNIQUE way of holding sandpaper to drum. Twist of key tightens operator injury downtime. • Simple to mount Combo·Tools SPONGE RUBBER backing insures long wear of sandpaper Durable and quality built, H.P. Single Phase I -x3 -long $13.50 • !.4 Radial Saw 2-x3- long Gearmotor V." S14.50 the Gwilliam Power Feeder Drill 2� -x3 - long $15.25 will give the craftsman or • Satisfaction Guaranteed 3 -x3 -long S16.50 production shop years of l".nd 2';'"ABOVE $26.75 ABOVE 4 DRUMS $53.SO trouble free performance. FOB Factory '1.-x3- long S14.50 $595 2�-x4'/,- long S21.OO 3·x4�- long S22.50 Send for free Information 2�-x6- long S25.50 3-xS-long 527.50 ADD $2. 50 PER ORDER FOR SHIPPING THE GWILLIAMCOMP ANY Send Check or Money Order FITTINGS AVAILABLE: cruRE RKIN MONEY BACK GUARANTEE MANuFA RS OF WOODWO G MACHINERY 'k" Bore with y,"or Y." adapter 468 YO LANDA AVE #3, SANTA ROSA CA 95404 SINGLEY SPECIALTY CO. INC. '4·20 RH Thread except 'I. -x3- Bore except "x3" and 2"x3" 1707) 575-1081 P.o. BOX 508 7F �Ie " S/4 GREENSBORO, N.C. 27403

26 An intensive full-time learn­ ing si luation emphasizing tradi­ tional technique as we ll as Increase Your Woodworking Knowledge modern methods of wood­ working. Individual level instruction, ample work areas and an indus­ ts trially furnished machine room provide a stimulating and efficient learning situation for the serious woodworking student of limi ted experience. Bench spaces available for Fall 19 83. Basic intensive workshops, Summer 1983. PRIMROSE CENTER Woodworking andfor Fu rniture Design 401 West Railroad St.- Missoula, Montana 59801 Phone (406) 728-5911 Woodworking Crafts Magazine This new magazine from England is published by The British Guild of Master Craftsmen, an association of thousands of dedicated craftspeople all over the British Isles. One of the main aims of the association is to maintain and increase standards of excellence, and to spread the knowledge and experience of it's members to others. PIN ROUTER Through Woodworking Crafts you can hear of the skills and techniques of the Craftsmen, share their secrets, see how they solve their problems. Speed and Precision at a If YOU would like to increase your knowledge of Woodworking send Small Shop Price. for a FREE COMPLIMENTARY COPY and details of subscription. With the Award Winning Onsrud To: Woodworking CraftsMagaz ine Inverted Router, templates are so Guild of Master Craftsman Publications Ltd, Parklands House simple it is economical to reproduce Keymer Road, Burgess Hill, West Sussex, England one part or hundreds. Call or write for our free Please send a complimentary copy and details of subscripton to: literature today. ______NAME ______STREET ,CITY______P.O. Box 416 Troutman, N.C. 28166 STATE ZIP

PLANERS-PLANERS-PLANERS BRIDGEWOOD 13" x 6" BRIDGEWOOD 18" x 6" BRIDGEWOOD 20" X 6" Model 1300 Combination surfacing profile planer & Model SHG200A o '1995 1JfIf"������� Model'2995 SPS18A '2995 CastFree iron Freight construction o Free Freight o 18" x 6" surfacing 3 1 motor Free Freight o H P PH o Chain drive o 6" x 6" profile Semented & serrated o auto feed infeed roller Automatic feed o o Cast iron construction o 3 1 motor Stock return rollers HP PH o o o Automatic stock feed 3 Knife cutterhead With molding o o 3 H P 1 PH motor Automatic stock feed capability o o o 3 blade cutterhead Knife setting device Cast iron o o o Dual pulleys & belts 792 Ibs. ship wI. 1000 1bs. o 0 Segmented & serrated Cast Iron chippers Lilli Sind $1.00 for new iIIultllted Mlchlnery Cltllog 0 1012 Ibs. ship wt. Iny of infeed roller thlll BRIDGEWOOD 20" x 7" mlchlnll BRIDGEWOOD 24" x 8" These fine planers are heavy duty cast Iron machines. To do heavy work and/or fine Model SHG508A Model 2400 woodworking, one needs a heavy machine. To '4395 dampen vibrations and assure a solid long lasting planer, liberal use of cast Iron Is a o must. The BRIDGEWDOD planers are Just this o CastFree iron Freight construction '�Caste�r: iron construction� o type of heavy, solid machine and all models �_iiiii�-���Z�I- Automatic stock feed Automatic stock feed o o 5 motor have segmented powered Infeed rollers. 5 H P 1 PH motor o HP 1 PH o Rollers - 4 pcs. Magnetic switch o o Feeds 300 in/min. o Enclosed frame Larger Showroom o Dual pulleys & belts WE MoreHAVE Machinery MOVED! Segmented & serrat­ '4695 Also available: o ed infeed roller Our 12" x 72" long Bed Jointer Cast iron chippers with 5 HP motor o Free Freight with 2 HP motor -NOW $1895 11661bs. ship w1. with m8gnetlc control Free freight to 48 states

WI• LKE• MACt. CHIN• ERY • CO. Exit 11 1·83 120 Derry • RD #5 York, PA 17402 717·846·2800

27 Fme WqqQWorking July/August 1983

This wooden, lO-in. table­ saw has a robust sliding ta­ ble with fixed cross cut fe nce. It can crosscut wide panels as accurately as cast-iron ma­ chines costing ten times as much.

A Wo oden Tablesaw An attraaive, shopmade alternative to cast iron by Galen Wi nchip

arly in my woodworking career, I remember arranging to devices were fitted with as many adjustment knobs, screws use a friend's big radial-arm saw to make critical cross­ and levers as a radial-arm saw has, making them far from the cutsE on wide panels for cabinets I was building. We spent set-it-and-forget-it crosscut machine I wanted. hours fussing with the saw's adjustments, only to have it cut I decided that the only way I'd own a sliding table was if I each panel frustratingly out of square. I longed for a sliding designed and built one myself out of wood. I had already crosscut table-standard equipment on the heavy, industrial constructed a half-dozen wooden woodworking machines, in­ tablesaws that were way beyond my price range. cluding panel saws, jointers (FWW #28, pp. 44-50) and I had looked at the sliding tables then appearing as options lathes. I've found them to be well up to the rigors of daily on medium-dury saws, but they seemed flimsy and certain use and, like a vintage wooden hand plane, they have the to sag when crosscutting heavy boards. Worst of all, these friendly feel that's absent from their cast-iron counterparts.

28 Phocos: Pece Krumhardc

The saw's sliding table mechanism is self -centering and self- ad­ justing, and it won 't bind or loosen as the wooden ra il swells and shrinks. Th e guide ra il and rip fe nce are laminated fr om thinner stock fo r stability.

mechanisms shouldn't serve as models for wooden ones. Cast­ iron is an unyielding, predictable material which can be ma­ chined inco parts that will maintain close tolerances. Wood expands and contracts with the seasons, so you must design mechanisms that won't swell and seize up in summer, then shrink out of precision in winter. The rail I devised for my sliding table is an example of one such mechanism. As the photo above shows, it's an angled­ section member which supports guides shaped so that the ta­ ble's weight keeps them accurately centered, regardless of di­ mensional changes caused by moisture or wear. There's no play in this mechanism, but the compromise is friction. The table doesn't move as freely as do commercial models that roll on steel bearings. For horizontal boring and slot-mortising, a chuck can be threaded For a given cross-section, cast iron is about ten times as onto the saw's extended arbor. Th e auxiliary table can be set in rigid as wood, thus wooden members must have larger cross­ two positions: flush with the main table, or 5 in. below it. sections for equivalent stiffness. Obviously, cast iron is harder and denser toO, so it can bear concentrated loads that would I built two tablesaws with complicated tilting-arbor crush wood. The best way to achieve rigidity in wooden ma­ mechanisms, but because I wanted my third saw, described in chines while avoiding crushing is to distribute loads widely. In this article, to be easier to build, I opted for a fixed arbor. I a cast-iron saw, the arbor bearings might be mounted 2 in. or didn't include an adjustable miter gauge either, relying in­ 3 in. apart, but in my wooden saw, they are about 19 in. stead on jigs fastened to the sliding table. Most of the adjust­ apart. Spreading out these mounting points also masks minor ments on this machine are achieved by planing or a construction inaccuracies and distortions caused by uneven small amount of wood fr om a critical surface, or by inserting movement of wooden components. paper shims. Because I didn't have mortising machinery at My favorite wood for machines is well-seasoned, straight­ the time, I extended the saw's arbor and added a table for grained hard maple, though I' ve had good luck with cherry, horizontal boring and mortising. Of course, you can modify beech and oak. Whichever wood you pick, it's a good idea to the design to suit your own needs . After I'd built my saw, let it live in the shop fo r a few months so it can reach equilib­ alternatives and modifications kept coming to mind, and be­ rium moisture content before you work it. I always cull Out cause I've included these changes in the drawings, the photos the highly figured pieces because they are more likely to twist, and drawings don't correspond exactly. If you do modif y, bow or cup. You can further counterbalance some of the keep in mind some basic wooden-machine-building pnnCl­ wood's inherent instability by laminating several thin pieces pIes, which I've outlined below. inco one larger one, as I did for the saw's sliding-table guide - - rail and rip fence. Wood vs. cast icon If you set out to build a wooden chair, For sheet stock, I prefer particleboard with a density of at you wouldn't look to one made of plastic as your structural least 45 lb./cu. ft. It's cheap and strong, and can be finished model, so it fo llows that cast-iron nicely with paint or covered with plastic laminate. Fiber-

29 Wooden tablesaw Detail A: Elevation mechanism Detail B: Clamping mechanism and Fig. 1: construction and arbor carriage mounted carriage rails

Carriage top. 1%x8x19% Carriage thrust rail. V2 xlV2x27 Mounting blocks Bearing block. �� to suit motor %x6x6 1 n r----I---:::::".Carriage sides. Carriage guide rail % x 6 x 20V2 Stress panel Carriage bottom. 1%x8x 18� 1 x4x18% Yf\\�� ;me screw ust bearing

13/,6 X 20 x 28

Hole for elevation� screw Chip cleanout door {' } Holes for clamp bar screws %x 10x48 13/16 x 27� x 48 Main table frame. Main table top. % x 26 x 36 %x 2V2

Crosscut fence. 2 x 2 x 29 Alignment dowels

Auxiliary table sides. 18%%xl0x16 %x 17x

Dowel and T-nut holes for auxiliary table lower position

All table tops are Guide-rail plastic-laminate-covered end view particleboard.

13/,6

T . % x 3V2

30 boards such as MD44 could also be Fig. 2: Arbor carriage and fence used. Particleboard has one quality that cast iron can't match: it muf- Splitter fles the piercing, high-frequen­ (guard not shown) whines that are rough on the ears.cy I don't recommend the lower-density particleboards sold for a song as shelving at the local discount lumbetyard, be­ �--+--+- cause their larger particles are bound together with less adhe­ Motor sive, making them weaker and more difficult to join reliably. _�---t--+-L--I-I

31 �:� Collar keeps bolt in place. Splitter (guard removed) Throat insert

=:::_=_=-;;.;-"::_:= ___ .==::� _I I J I ) ) I I I I / / I Guide-rail mounting board / / I I / / I / / / Arbor carriage I / I / // }/ /' 1 / I Auxiliary table I / I !L�I I Sliding table Stress panel pedestal the detail in figure 2. Machine the arbor out of stress-proof ensures that the guides will ride on the angled surfaces of the steel rather than mild steel. To keep stress risers from devel­ rail and it allows for wear. To make two identical arms and oping at the inside corners where the shaft diameter is turned guides, I fabricated them as one assembly 6 in. wide, then down, have the machinist leave small fillets at these points. ripped them in half to make twO pieces 3 in. wide. The auxiliary end of my arbor is machined to take a screw-on With the arms glued and screwed to the sliding-table ped­ chuck, but if you do much slot-mortising, I suggest that you estal, the assembly can be hung on the machine. The table's install a collet instead . lower guide rides against the saw's baseboard (thrust rail), a Once the arbor shaft has been machined so that the bear­ member whose thickness must be adjusted so that the top of ings and pulley are a light press fit, these partS can be in­ the sliding table will remain in the same plane as the main stalled, and the face of the pulley remachined to serve as the table throughout its travel. True up the table travel by trial blade flange. The pulley must be either cast iron or solid and error, planing a taper on the baseboard if necessary. Lap machined steel, not stamped steel or die-cast white metal. the table guides to the rail, one at a time, using the sandpaper When it's time to calibrate the saw, you can shift the pil­ method described earlier and pictured on the facing page. Fit low blocks in their slotted holes to align the blade parallel to properly, the guides will push in front of them rather the sliding table's travel. Ins ert sheet-metal shims under one than packing it up into clods that will hinder smooth travel of of the pillow blocks to square the blade to the table surface. the table. The motor is bolted to twO blocks glued and doweled to the arbor carriage. I used a 1 �-HP, fully-enclosed, fan-cooled Final assembly-The saw's main table is made of %-in. par­ motor. Since my saw is connected to a large dust-collection ticleboard screwed to a frame that sits atop the saw cabinet, system, there's plenry of air swirling around to cool the mo­ aligned by dowels and held fast by twO draw latches. With tor. If dust collection isn't used, cut some cooling slots in the the latches popped open, the saw table can be lifted off and side of the saw cabinet. the arbor carriage removed for maintenance and cleaning, an - operation that requires no tools. To keep the sliding and main The sliding table The most critical assembly is the sliding tables in vertical alignment, I equalized the effects of seasonal table and its guide rails. The table consists of a triangular movement by orienting the annual rings in the guide rail particleboard pedestal to which the two guide arms are at­ horizontally and those in the main table frame vertically. tached. As the photo on p. 29 shows, the sliding table simply The auxiliary table, attached to the saw with dowels and hangs on the upper guide rail, and it can be lifted off when bolts threaded into T-nuts (figure 3), has only twO positions: it's not needed. The upper rail should be laminated, sawn to flush with the main table (where it supportS extra-long or the cross-sectional shape shown in figure 1, and jointed true. wide stock), and 5 in. below the main table (for drilling or The upper-rail mounting board, a 1 �-in. thick maple plank mortising). To create a smooth, durable surface, I covered all glued beneath the top of the sliding-table cabinet, should also three tables with white plastic laminate. Make sure that the be machined true so that it won't bow the rail when it's at­ tables are in proper alignment before you cover them. tached. I glued the upper rail to the saw with a "paper joint" I strongly recommend that this and any tablesaw be like that used in bowlturning, so it can be removed for rema­ equipped with a blade guard, a splitter or , and chining or for replacement. It's also bolted, since that was the anti-kickback pawls. My guard assembly is from an old most convenient way to clamp the glueline. Rockwell Unisaw. It's bolted to a block glued to the inside of The sliding table's upper guides are glued and doweled to the main table frame. To adjust the knife in line with the the arms, and positioned so that the guides rest on the in­ blade, I inserted thin metal shims between the guard and the clined surfaces of the rail, leaving a small clearance gap be­ mounting block. tween the underside of the arm and the top surface of the rail, I prefer a fence whose length ends JUSt before the splitter. as shown in the drawing above. This space is important-it This rype of fence is less likely to cause a kickback, because

32 Te sting the wooden saw

When I flew our to Iowa this spring to tty Winchip's wooden tablesaw, I had in mind comparing it to the sliding-table­ equipped Rockwell Unisaw I've owned for three years. Hav­ ing heard student raves about the wooden saw, I wasn't sur­ prised to find it nicer on a couple of counts. I did some ripping first, immediately discovering that the fence on Winchip's saw works better than the Unisaw's does. It's easier to position and clamp with our the opposite end hopping Out of alignment, as a lot of factoty metal fences always seem to do, even on relatively expensive saws. Apart from their size and construction material, I discov­ ered the major difference between these twO saws when I tried some crosscuts. With a couple of 8-ft . long, IS-in. wide pan­ els on the sliding table, it took some muscle to make the cut-about the same effort you'd exert opening a heavy door. With sandpaper taped to the guide rail, the table guides can be By contrast, the Unisaw table will slide one-handed. Al­ lapped to a perfect fit. though it's stiffer, the wooden table has no play and seemed more predictable than its steel counterpart, passing over the guide rail with an even swish instead of the clatter of steel on once the wood has been pushed past the blade's cutting edge, steel. A half-dozen CtoSSCUtS I checked were about 0.003 in. it won't bind against the back of the blade. For stability and Out of square across a IS-in. wide board. That's okay by my ease of fabrication, I made the fence Out of three pieces of oak standards; slicing it finer calls for hunting down the renegade laminated to the 3-in. finished thickness. The fence is glued mils with a hand plane, a task that I suspect is no less frus­ and doweled to a T-head, and it's locked in place with the trating than tickling the many adjusters on a steel table. I wooden dog mechanism shown in the detail in figure 2. I think Winchip is right about the guides' self-adjusting aspect, relieved the T-head so that it bears against the fence guide so the wooden saw should need less attention than a steel one. rail on just twO points. By planing a small amount of material The arbor carriage works as eff ortlessly as any I've used. from one of these contact points, I can make coarse adjust­ Not having it tilt is a shortcoming I can live with, if only ments in the fence so that it's parallel to the blade. Finer because it COStS a thousand bucks less. The guard on this saw adjustments can be made by planing a slight taper on the is a gem. It pivots handily Out of the way for fence-setting, and it can be removed and, most importantly, reinstalled in fence guide rail. seconds. I didn't much like the horizontal boring/mortising The crosscut fence is fastened to the sliding table by dowels feature, though. For boring, 4500 RPM is too fast, and with­ and a bolt threaded into a T-nut. Make some test cuts with out a fence to guide it, impaling a chunk of wood on the bit the fence clamped in place, and once you've got a perfect 90° is scary. Adding the clamp bar and a larger auxiliary table to cut, drill for the dowels and bolt the fence down. Adjust it accommodate fe nces and clamp jigs would help, especially for later by planing a taper on its ftont side. slot-mortising. I'd make twO other changes: the sliding-table With the saw built and calibrated, you can paint the parti­ guide rail needs to be 2 in. longer, so that a fu ll 24-in. wide cleboard with an oil-based primer, followed by a coat or twO panel can be croSSCut, and a 3-HP motor would provide the of enamel paint. I finished the solid wood partS with Watco extra power the saw needs to rip thick stock quickly, some­ oil and then paste-waxed the sliding parts. thing it can't do with the smaller motor. -Paul Bertorelli Aside from the lower cost (about $300 for this saw), I've found that the greatest advantage to building my own ma­ Winchip crosscuts chines has been scaling their features to meet my needs. On two 15-in. wide panels this saw, for example, the tables could be made larger, or the on his wooden tablesaw. croSSCUt capacity made greater, by lengthening the guide rails and supporting pedestal. My machine accommodates a lO-in. blade, but the design could be modified to accept a l2-in. blade and perhaps a 3-HP motor. The machine described here has been in use now for 2� years at the Iowa State University woodworking shop, a high-abuse place if there ever was one. So far, it has required only routine cleaning and lubrication, plus an occasional tightening of the arbor mounting bolts. In our shop we have two other saws, a lO-in. Rockwell Unisaw and a I4-in., S-HP Oliver. Often these two machines sit idle while students wait in line to use the wooden saw. They tell me that its smooth­ ness of operation, its adaptability to jig-work and its amiable disposition make it a more pleasant tool to use. 0 Galen Winchip teaches woodworking and computer-aided manufacturing at Iowa State Univer sity at Ames.

33 The Latninated Wo od Ribbon A built-up joint with sculptural possibilities by James Rannefeld

great deal has been said about the vanishing line be­ tween and furniture, part of a larger dialogue aboutA the indistinction between art and craft. The stack lami­ nation techniques pioneered by Wendell Castle have contrib­ uted substantially to this discussion, resulting in forms more closely related to sculpture than to traditional furniture. The laminated joint I'll describe here (actually a finger or ) is a natural outgrowth of Castle's early bricklay Visual lightness and the illusion of mass without weight make lamination techniques. It differs from traditional joinery in the la minated wood ribbon a compellingmethod for sculptural fu rniture. 'Inspiration Bench ' (top of page) is made of 33 pieces that the joint is made during the lamination process, rather of oak accented with padauk. 'Signature' (above) illustrates than being cut into prepared stock. This joint makes the solid another application of this method. The drawing (facing page) wood ribbon possible, freeing the contemporary woodworker shows how short-grain is cross-laminated fo r strength. from many of the constraints imposed by traditional rectilin­ ear furniture construction. ect such as the "Signature" bench/console (above) might re­ The laminated wood ribbon has the assets of mass, without quire more than a hundred. being massive-a common criticism of stack-laminated furni­ Construction begins with two templates-one for each al­ ture. It can also be light and delicate, without seeming weak ternating layer. I make my templates out of Masonite from a or fragile. As an alternative to bent plywood, the laminated­ full-size sketch of the profile, taking care to fair their shape as joint technique requires less initial setup time, with little or no close to the finished profile of the piece as I can, to conserve specialized tooling or forms, and allows better use of lower wood and to minimize shaping work later. For a recurved grades of wood. And it's truly versatile-as easily used to foot, such as that of "Inspiration Bench" (top of page), I wrap a set of drawers, doors or tambours as to define a spare, make a series of templates, one for each layer, from a full-size flowing table form or a bench. drawing of the parabola. The laminated ribbon is made by face-gluing many indi­ Bandsawing curves from flat, straight-grained boards (usu­ vidual strips of wood that have been roughly bandsawn to ally 1 in. or 1 X in. thick) inevitably leaves weak, short-grain shape. It's not unusual for a small, relatively simple bench to areas. Templates must be arranged so that any short grain is involve 33 or more bandsawn pieces, and a complicated proj- cross-laminated by long grain in the next layer. This usually

34 Hardly a sur fa ce goes unclamped when a wood ribbon is glued up . Rannefe ld assembles at a pace that allows the glue'S natural tack to keep parts from sliding. Particleboard cauls sp read the work. Obviously, glue-up is the most critical operation, clamping pressure and align the Ja ces of the outermost laminae. Once the ribbon has cured, RanneJe ld works it over with body and the most difficult, since the glue (I use Titebond) acts as grinders, sculpting by hand and eye to the final shape. He uses a lubricant, encouraging the laminae to slip out of alignment. a small drum sander to get inside the tight sp ots. You could use dowels or tacks to hold the layers in place, but I prefer to lay up the stack one by one, working as quickly as possible but at a rate that allows the glue to grab, holding one layer in place before the next one goes on. Timing is important here. As the glue slowly cures, it becomes increas­ ingly tacky, and with a little bit of care you get a feel for the speed at which layers can be stacked without causing lower layers to slip. In cold weather I sometimes bring in a small electric heater to expedite things. Spare no clamps-especially in complex, staggered layer­ ing. Spacing clamps closely will straighten out slightly bowed or wound pieces and will flatten minute irregularities be­ tween boards. When the clamps are removed 24 hours later, the piece can be attacked with a variety of sculpting and sanding tools to shape it to the desired fo rm and surface. My favorite tools for removing wood quickly are 7 -in. and 4-in. body grinders. I also have a pneumatic sculptors' gouge that comes in handy results in an odd number of laminations in the finished piece, for wasting large amounts of wood quickly. much as a sheet of plywood is made up of an odd number of I use a drum sander on a flexible shaft to give shape and veneers. In New Mexico's arid climate, such cross-grain con­ clarity to the form, followed by electric and pneumatic finish structions have held up well, but in areas where the seasonal , and then a smaller drum sander for hard-to-reach moisture gradient is higher, they might crack. To avoid this places such as tight inside curves. problem, orient the layers so that the grain runs at a slight I finish my laminated work with a 3: 1 mixture of Watco bias instead of at right angles. exterior and polyurethane. This mixture gives a When laying out pieces to be bandsawn, the shapes can be satiny finish, looks and repairs like an oil finish, yet resists nested and ganged on individual boards to best utilize ran­ water and alcohol like polyurethane. dom width and length stock. Often I am able to use lower My most recent explorations of the ribbon have shown me grades of lumber, at considerable savings, by working around that these forms have even wider applications than I had first natural flaws in the wood. Wood for lamination must be of imagined. It is the laminated joint that gives us the ability to uniform thickness, and should be free from obvious ridges realize complex, even convoluted forms in solid wood, with­ from the planer. Flat surfaces, where the laminae butt togeth­ out the intimidating technology associated with laminated ve­ er, for example, or where a table's legs meet the floor, are neer construction. And it is the ribbon that sets our imagina­ best cut square on a radial-arm saw. tions free. Before laminating, it's a good idea to make cauls the shape D of the finishedproject. This speeds glue-up and aligns the James Ranne fe ld sculpts fanci fu l ribbons and contemporary layers. or varnish the cauls so that they won't stick to fu rniture in Ta os, New Mexico. Photos by the author.

35 Respiratory Hazards Choosing the right protection by George Mustoe

hen the firstwoodworker whittled a stick with a sharp rock, millions of years of evolution had already pro­ videdW safery devices to protect him against the occupational hazards of shaping wood. Living in a landscape sculpted by windstorms and volcanic ash eruptions fa vored the develop­ ment of physiological defenses against airborne irritants. Na­ sal hair filters large particles, while the cilia-lined and mucus­ coated respiratory tract keeps all but the smallest dust from reaching the lungs. Unfortunately, nature's defenses are meant to counter occasional dust storms and pollen out­ breaks, not the dust and vapors encountered by present-day woodworkers. Though woodworking is relatively clean com­ pared with other manufacturing, woodworkers face twO haz­ ards: wood dust produced by sawing and sanding, and toxic vapors emitted by adhesives and finishing agents.

How dangerous is wood dust?-The dust problem has usually been considered to be an unpleasant but unavoidable If you have a beard, no mask will seal adequately against your aspect of the craft. Vacuum filters are often connected to fa ce. Instead of shaving, you can wear an air helmet, which power saws and sanders, but most woodworkers still find blows fi ltered air over your fa ce. The helmet shown above is themselves breathing more wood than they like, producing 3M's model #W316 ($400), available fr om Direct Safe ty Co ., the familiar symptoms of sneezing, coughing, runny nose and PO Box 8018, Phoenix, Ariz. 85040. phlegm. To some degree these are natural reactions, as the body traps and moves dust up and out of the respiratory greater than expected rates of colon, rectal and salivary-gland tract. But the defenses can be overloaded. Just how hazardous cancers among woodworkers employed as pattern makers in is this dust? Inorganic dusts from coal, silica and asbestos the U.S. auto industry, but these workers are exposed to ply­ have long been known to provoke serious lung damage. Re­ wood, treated lumber, and plastics as well as to solid wood. cent research strongly suggests that the relatively larger-sized Though the relationship between cancer and wood prod­ particles generated by sawing or sanding wood also pose a ucts is JUSt beginning to be explored, particular wood species threat, not to the lungs but to the upper respiratory tract. are definitely known to cause allergenic reactions among many While some abrasive dust is generated by abrasives them­ people (FWW #9 pp. 54-57). Rosewood, yew, boxwood, selves, the concentrations are not regarded as hazardous. cashew, satinwood, , and mahogany are among the A 1968 report in the British Medical Journaldescribed well noted examples. Western red cedar is particularly notori­ an unusually high rate of nasal cancer, adenocarcinoma, ous because not only is the dust irritating, but the wood con­ among furnituremakers in the Oxford area. This disease oc­ tains irritating volatile oils that can evade dust-collection sys­ curs in only 6 out of 10,000,000 people among the general tems. The most detailed descriptions of its effects come from population each year, compared to 7 out of 10,000 among Japan, where occupational asthma was first reported among the furnituremakers, who rypically worked with beech, oak woodworkers in 1926 after large quantities of cedar were im­ and mahogany, often in factories lacking dust-collection sys­ ported from the United States to repair damage done by the tems. The figures suggest that about 2.5% of all woodwork­ Tokyo earthquake. Since 1965, Japanese mill workers and ers will develop nasal cancer within 50 years of entering the carpenters have again evidenced allergic reactions, as furniture industry. The disease wasn't fo und in wood finishers, who factories have greatly expanded their use of Western red ce­ rypically work in separate shops, suggesting that nasal cancer dar. A 1973 investigation of 1,300 furniture workers re­ is linked to dust rather than to chemical exposure. Neither vealed that 24.5% suffered some kind of allergic response to were high cancer rates found among carpenters, who worked red cedar, sometimes developing symptoms within 30 minutes mostly outdoors where dust doesn't persist. A 1982 survey of of contact. These symptoms include dermatitis, conjunctivitis, medical records from 12 countries fo und that 78.5% of nasal rhinitis and asthma attacks. workers are particularly adenocarcinoma victims were woodworkers, fu rther indicating likely to suffer from eye inflammation (conjunctivitis). In Ja­ the potential hazards associated with dust exposure. pan, saws are by law equipped with dust collectors, suggest­ Current data on the relationship between cancer and wood ing that irritation comes from exposure to volatile oils. These is confusing because woodworkers commonly work with other oils eventually evaporate from the sawn lumber, and respira­ materials as well. For example, several 1980 reports indicate tory ailments experienced in later processing are more likely

36 dust-induced. In the United States, respiratory IrrItation has ments, a toxic-vapor mask (to be discussed shortly) can be also been linked to inhalation of redwood dust, leading to a fitted with NIOSH-a pproved tOxic-dust filters. form of pneumonitis known as "sequoisis." British furniture­ While a mask can offer significantprotection, its effective­ makers use the term ..mahogany cough" to describe the ness may be reduced by 90% or more if you wear it over a medical condition coryza,an acute inflammation of the nasal beard. One alternative to shaving is a positive-pressure air­ membranes accompanied by profuse discharge. purifying respirator, which fits like a helmet and blows filtered air over your face. These are expensive; 3M's airhelmet, model What to do about dust-There are three ways to reduce #W3 16 (facing page), runs about $400. It includes a face your exposure to dust. In some situations you can choose an­ shield and a rechargeable battery, and weighs about 3X; lb. other tool that produces less dust; a plane, for example, can substitute for a belt sander. Second, you can trap the dust at Solvent vapors-While the body's respiratOry defense mech­ its source, using vacuum collection (FWW #12, pp. 76-78, anisms can filter moderate amounts of dust, toxic vapors pre­ and #25, pp. 58-59). Adequate ventilation is the best de­ sent a more serious threat. Hydrocarbons seldom occur in na­ fense against respiratOry dangers, but for those who won't or ture, thus we have developed only a limited ability to trap can't spend the money for a dust-collection and ventilation and detOxify these compounds. Unlike inhaled particles, vapors system, there is a third alternative: you can wear a mask. from , glues and solvents are readily absorbed into the Dust masks have been used since Roman times, and sim­ bloodstream, often causing tOxic reactions in organs other than ple respiratOrs are described by Pliny the Elder in his Natural the lungs. The liver and kidneys are particularly vulnerable. History,written during the first century AD. Early masks con­ Volatile compounds are widely used in wood finishes and sisted of animal bladders or rags worn over the nose and adhesives, and there is no easy way for a worker to judge their mouth. During the 1800s, major advances in mask design hazards. Odor alone is not reliable. For example, highly-odor­ were aimed primarily at protecting firefighters: masks were iferous acetOne ranks relatively low on the toxicity scale, while developed to filter toxic gases as well as particulates. Chemi­ mild-smelling epoxy gives off vety tOxic vapors. People all toO cal warfare during World War I led to further developments. often assume that the mere presence of products on stOre In the United States, this research was led by the Bureau of shelves indicates their safety, a mistake that is compounded Mines, which later set performance standards fo r civilian-use by the tendency to ignore warning labels. respiratOrs. At present, the National Institute of Occupational The hazards in using synthetic organic compounds are best Safery and Health (NIOSH) evaluates respirator performance, known from cases where large numbers of industrial workers and specifies acceptability fo r specific models. developed similar symptOms. The home worker, unprotected Many woodworkers use "nuisance-dust" masks, which are by expensive ventilation systems, may be at even higher risk. designed to trap large-diameter, non-toxic particulates. These In 1969, ninety-three Japanese workers were fo und to be suf­ devices offer fa irly good ptOtection for general woodworking, fering from polyneuropathy resulting from exposure to hex­ but they are inadequate for dusts released from home insula­ ane-based glue, used in home manufacture of sandals. Symp­ tion, chemically treated lumber or allergenic species. Nui­ toms included muscle weakness, impairment of sensation, and sance-dust masks, though they are light, comfortable and in­ temporary paralysis in the arms and legs. Reactions continued expensive, are not manufactured to meet NIOSH standards. long after contact with the glue ceased, and four years later The 3M company's popular model #850 0 disposable paper eleven of the workers still showed some ill effects. mask is available at hardware stores for about 30¢. Another Understanding the toxic properties of solvents is difficult common nuisance-dust mask design, the Norton Bantam because of the complex biochemical processes that occur once model #7200 ($3.50) or the Willson "Dustite" ($3.00), for the solvents enter the body. For example, methylene chloride instance, uses a replaceable filter element. (a major ingredient in paint remover) metabolizes to form Given the new-found dangers of wood dust, it is better to carbon monoxide, and methyl alcohol is converted to form al­ use what NIOSH approves as a "toxic-dust" mask, which dehyde. In both cases, the toxic effects are partly due to these provides about twice the filtration efficiency of nuisance-dust intermediate metaboli tes rather than to the original solvent. masks. Disposable types such as those shown below can be Many new products reach the market before their health haz­ purchased locally or from mail-order safety-equipment sup­ ards are well understOod. When epoxies were introduced to pliers. For a permanent facepiece with disposable filter ele- industry in the late 1940s, numerous incidents occurred. A 1947 study revealed that 47% to 100% of workers at various electrical assembly plants suffered skin ailments from epoxy ex­ NIOSH-approved disposable toxic-dust masks include 3M 's model #8710 ($1.25), left , and Norton's model 71 70 ($3. 75), posure. Many people become sensitized after repeated contact, both avail able from Edcor, Box 768, Kansas City, Mo. 64 141. but the full range of risks remains unknown. Animal studies suggest that at least some epoxy resins are carcinogenic. Organic vapors are tissue irritants and central nervous sys­ tem depressants. Workers are most likely to notice irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract, as well as headache, dizziness, confusion, loss of appetite, nausea, malaise and fa­ tigue. Though these symptoms usually disappear within hours or days, the long-term effects may pose different risks. Kidney and liver damage may result from chronic exposure to many solvents, particularly the chlorinated hydrocarbons (methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, etc.) and the aromatic compounds (toluene, xylene, benzene). A 1981 study by Swedish investi-

37 organic vapor respirator is a direct descendant of the World War I gas mask, with several modifications. The glass-win­ dowed, full-face mask is still used when eye-irritating vapors or gases are encountered, but the half-mask sryle is most common. This consists of a soft rubber facepiece containing one or twO vapor-absorbing cartridges. These rypically contain about half a cup of activated carbon or charcoal granules, though silica gel and synthetic molecular-sieve resins are sometimes used. The vapor-absorbing properry of these com­ pounds comes from the extremely large surface area of their porous particles. Cartridges are available to protect against a variery of toxic substances. They are made by impregnating the cartridge material with reactive compounds: a filter treat­ ed with iodine will absorb mercury vapor, while one impreg­ nated with metal oxides will absorb acid fumes. The standard "organic vapor" cartridges have been fo und to provide pro­ tection against all bur 18 of the 197 substances tested. These filters absorb the most common vapors emitted by wood fin­ ishes and adhesives. One exception is methyl alcohol. For this reason, when alcohol is needed as a solvent for shellac or other materials, it is safest to substitute denatured ethyl alcohol. Respirator performance is evaluated by NIOSH. Testing is performed using carbon tetrachloride at vapor concentrations of 1,000 PPM. A cartridge is considered spent when the vapor Several companies make twin-cartridge organic-vapor respira­ concentration of air passing through it reaches 10 PPM. Under tors, uSllally available in small, medium and large sizes. American Optical Corp. 's 'Sttreguard' model #R505 1P (shown these conditions, cartridge life must be at least 50 minutes. being worn at right) is priced at about $17, and has an option­ As vapor levels during are likely to be much al hemispherical fiber pre-filter to trap mists and dwt. The under 1,000 PPM, the actual lifespan of a cartridge is usually Norton 'Protex' model # 7531 (held at right) is similar, but uses a flat pre-filter pad. It sells lo r about $26. The 3M model 4 to 16 hours. #8712, worn and heldat lelt , does not have a replaceable li l­ In addition to the vapor-absorbing cartridge, the organic­ ter, but costs only about $8. Th e mask 's wide, solt pla stic ­ vapor respirator usually comes equi pped with a fiber-filter piece is unusually comlortable. disc designed to remove particulates such as paint-spray mist. In particle-free environments, these filters can be removed to gators revealed that painters with more than 25 years' experi­ make breathing easier. Or the mask can be used with a filter ence showed a 15% greater than expected death rate from alone, simply as a dust mask. Masks generally contain a low­ cancer. These deaths included unusually high incidences of resistance POrt for exhaled air to leave the mask. This exhala­ cancers of the esophagus, larynx and bile ducts. The study tion valve prevents exhaled air from leaving through the fil­ also showed abnormally high rates of fa tal diseases of the res­ ter, keeping moisture from saturating the absorbing medium. piratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract. If the exhalation valve leaks, or if the mask does not seal against the face, the mask is ineffective, allowing unfiltered What to do about toxic vapors-Though exposure to va­ air to enter. Make certain that your mask fits tightly and that pors can be minimized by providing good ventilation, this the exhaust port functions. remedy is not always feasible for woodworkers. Open doors Respirators have some drawbacks. They restrict your field and windows that vent fumes also invite airborne debris and of vision and make talking difficult. Breathing requires more insects to land on wet surfaces, and in winter one may be effort than normal, and some people suffer claustrophobia. loathe to allow heat to escape. Most frustrating is the prospect These problems tend to become less noticeable as you become of stripping floors or painting walls in a room that has inad­ accustomed to wearing a respirator. The benefits of both dust equate ventilation. The danger level is not known fo r many and organic-vapor masks are most apparent at the end of the compounds, and harmful exposure may not ptoduce immedi­ day. Gone are the clogged nostrils, gummy throat and rasping ately noticeable effects. Concentrations of methylene chloride cough. Solvents no longer produce headaches, respiratory irri­ vapor as low as 300 pans per million (PPM) can cause drowsi­ tation or that vague hung-over feeling, and you no longer ness and reduced coordination after 3 to 4 hours of exposure. have to rush through the application of a finish just to get This concentration can easily be reached when paint remover away from the smell. is used with poor ventilation. Other compounds are much As a woodworker, I try to produce items that will last for more toxic; the wood preservative pentachlorophenol, sus­ many years, and it seems only an extension of that goal to pected of causing cancer and chromosome damage, is consid­ expect my own components to hold up equally well. Though ered hazardous at vapor levels of only a few PPM. Allowing I sometimes feel like a giant anteater as I wander around the 2 teaspoonf uls to evaporate in an 8x 1 a toom would exceed shop wearing my bulbous black proboscis, the health benefits the danger level. seem well worth the minor inconvenience. 0 Besides working with adequate ventilation, wearing an ap­ propriate mask will provide additional protection against even George Mustoe, of Bellingham, Wash., has worked as an small concentrations of many of these vapors. The modern analytic chemist. He also makes harps.

38 What's in a label: comm on solvents in the woodshop Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Also known ketones typically have strong odors and Mineral sp irits (VM&P naphtha, as "paraffins," these petroleum deriva­ high flammability. They are particularly white sp irits) : These are distilled from tives consist of chains of carbon and hy­ likely to irritate the skin because of their petroleum, and consist mostly of the ali­ drogen atoms. Gaseous forms include ability to dissolve natural oils, and they phatic hydrocarbons hexane, heptane methane, butane and propane; mole­ may produce respiratory irritation and and octane. Composition varies accord­ cules containing five or more carbon symptoms of CNS depression. A ketone ing to the source of the crude oil and atoms are liquid at room temperature. derivative, methyl ethyl ketone perox­ manufacturing differences from batch to Pentane, hexane, heptane and octane ide, is used as a catalyst for polyester batch, and chemical analysis reveals the are major constituents of gasoline, kero­ resins. This strong oxidizing agent will presence of as many as 100 separate sene, mineral spirits and VM&P (var­ cause serious damage to the skin and compounds in some samples. Mineral nishmakers' and painters') naphtha. eyes, and demands careful handling. spirits are grouped into three categories. Hexane is widely used in rubber-based Glycol ethers: These are another type Low-boiling-point (140° to 180°F), liquids such as contact cement and rub­ of oxygenated organic compound used "odorless" spirits consist mostly of ali­ ber cement. Isobutane and propane in solvents, most commonly in slow­ phatic compounds with fast evaporation serve as propellants in some spray cans. dtying . Glycol ethers are highly rates and relatively weak solvency. Me­ Aliphatic solvents are generally less toxic, and can cause liver, kidney and dium-boiling-point (200° to 300°F), toxic than other classes of organic liq­ CNS damage. In addition, they may "low odor" spirits are predominantly uids, though they are not risk-free. adversely affect reproductive organs, heptane and octane fo rtified with small Common symptoms resulting from ex­ causing birth defects and miscarriages. amounts of xylene and toluene. High­ cessive exposure include skin and respi­ Halogenated hydrocarbons: This group boiling-point (300° to 400°F), "regu­ ratory irritation and central nervous sys­ of compounds contains fluorine, chlo­ lar odor" mineral spirits comprise about tem (CNS) depression. rine, and less commonly iodine and bro­ 75% of all solvents used in the paint in­ Aromatic hydrocarbons: These com­ mine. Gaseous fo rms such as fr eon have dustry. They consist of 15% to 25% pounds are ring-shaped molecules dis­ been widely used as spray-can propel­ aromatic hydrocarbons. Mineral spirits tilled from coal tar. These liquids are lants, but these are now restricted be­ are less toxic than most other solvents, powerful solvents, but their use is limit­ cause of evidence that their use is de­ but vapors can cause skin and respira­ ed by low flash-points, high volatility structive to the earth's protective ozone tory irritation and CNS depression. and high toxicity. Three compounds are layer. Though some of the fluorocar­ Toxicity increases in proportion to the common: Toluene (toluol) and xylene bons have low toxicity, the chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon content, so odor­ (xylol) are often added to aliphatic sol­ hydrocarbons rank high on the list of less spirits are best for general use. vents to increase their effectiveness. hazardous solvents. Degreasers and dry­ Turpentine: This is produced by steam Benzene is not used in most areas, cleaning agents such as dichloroethane, distillation of pine gum, and consists owing to its high toxicity and carcino­ trichloroeth/flneand perchloroethyl ene mostly of carbon-ring compounds called genic properties, but it is commonly are generally weak solvents, being most turpenes. Pine gum contains about 68% present in small amounts as a contamin­ effective for removing wax, grease and solid rosin, 20% turpentine and 12% ant in commercial-grade solvents. Ben­ oil. (Mineral spirits is a safer solvent for water. Turpentine has a strong, charac­ zene is commonly confused with ben­ removing oil and wax residues.) Ca rbon teristic odor, but its physical properties zine, an alternate name for VM&P tetrachloride is no longer widely used are very similar to mineral spirits, which naphtha, a variety of mineral spirits. because of its toxicity, but methylene has largely replaced it as a solvent. Tur­ Alcohols: Denatur ed ethyl alcohol chloride remains a common ingredient pentine is more chemically reactive, and (ethanol) is widely used as a solvent for of paint remover and spray finishes. will discolor upon long exposure to light shellac, and consists of grain alcohol These volatile solvents produce hazard­ or to air. Its vapors can cause respiratory made poisonous to drink by the addi­ ous vapors, and liquids can be absorbed irritation aswell asdizziness, headache tion of methyl alcohol or some other through the skin. In addition, air-sup­ and other signs of CNS depression. It is a toxic liquid. Methyl alcohol (methanol, plied respirators, not air-purifying or­ strong skin irritant, and can cause severe "wood alcohol") is used in lacquer thin­ ganic-vapor (charcoal cartridge) respira­ allergic reactions after repeated contact. ner, paint remover, shellac, and aniline­ tors, should be used to protect against Lacquer thinner: are usually based wood stains. Methyl alcohol can methylene chloride, as air-purifying car­ made by dissolving a cellulose derivative be absorbed through the skin and its tridges will not adequately remove this in a suitable solvent, though modern vapors are much more toxic than those essentially odorless mater ial. Health formulations may include alkyd resin, of denatured alcohol, so the latter prod­ risks include liver and kidney damage, natural rosin or other dissolved solids. uct should be employed fo r general CNS depression, narcosis and possibly Lacquer thinner usually consists of shop use. cancer. Unlike most other solvents, ha­ about 30% esters and ketones as the ac­ Ketones and esters: This group in­ logenated hydrocarbons are not flam­ tive solvent, diluted with aromatic and cludes a number of compounds which mable, but when heated they break aliphatic hydrocarbons. The ester, ke­ contain oxygen as well as carbon and down to produce phosgene and other tone and aromatic content makes these hydrogen. Ethyl acetate, butyl acetate poison gases. The solvent vapors com­ solvents very volatile and relatively tox­ and amyl acetate are esters used in ni­ monly have anaesthetic properties, and ic, so they should be used only when trocellulose lacquer. Common ketones chlorofo rmand halothane (bromochloro­ needed and not as a general substitute include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone triflu oroethane) have been widely used for mineral spirits when thinning liquids and methyl isobutyl ketone. Esters and in medicine fo r this purpose. or cleaning brushes. -G.M.

39 Ax Handles A goodMaking handle fits at both ends by Delbert Greear

he ax has been around since civilization began and is likely to be with us for the duration. In Ta popular WlttlClSm, an old-timer claims to have had the same ax for forty years, only it's had twelve new handles and four new heads. This joke actually Full-length ax es-As the handle length in­ harks back to the frugal days when the ax head was creases and you go to two-handed use, a strong regularly reforged and retempered after it had be­ recurve with a deer's foot becomes less practical come blunt and misshapen from much use and (though the initial drop is still a good design). sharpening. The old-timer's ax head could be made "new Most experienced woodchoppers say the deer's-foot pattern by reforging, but a new handle, then as now, is a new handle. interferes with their aim and presents the blade at the wrong While good manufactured handles are readily available at angle to the work when their arms are fully outstretched. the hardware store, many woodsmen prefer a handle custom­ Deer's foot or no, it is good ,t>ractice to extend the handle made to suit the type of ax and the job to be done. A good back beyond the grip for a few inches and to end it with a ax handle will fit the ax head at one end and the ax wielder flare or a knob. Many axmen of the old school rely on a pull at the other. at the end of their stroke to shorten the radius of the ax The handle is an extension of the arm, and its main pur­ head's arc, thus increasing its final velocity. A flare or a knob pose is to give leverage. Too long an ax is unwieldy; one tOO gives the hand a stOpping place, and also dampens shock. short can result in extra work, bent posture and danger fr om Most people when using an ax, a hammer or any such strik­ a short stroke. Full-size average JUSt under 3 ft . long. A ing tOol for vety long tend to choke up a little on the handle hatchet handle may be as short as1 ft . A camp ax, balanced because with evety blow a shock wave travels down the han­ for either one-handed or two-handed use, is usually about dle, focuses at the vety butt, and trans­ 2 ft . long, as are the small double-bit cruising ax and the fers itself to the hand and arm. A few light Hudson's Bay - ax. inches up the handle this shock is less. Parts of a handle Except for broad-hatchets and broad­ axes, which call for offset handles to protect the wielder 's knuckles (see "," FWW #21, pp. 64-67), the ax handle, from top view, needs to be straight in line with the head so that the blade will strike true. An initial drop, as shown in the drawing below, putS the center of weight of the ax head a little behind the line of the handle. This helps aim Special cases-A double-bit ax needs the blow, reduces the tendency of the ax to twist when it a straight handle, usually more oval in strikes the wood, and somewhat reduces shock. cross section than a single-bit handle. In side view, single-bit handles frequently have a slight As with the single-bit ax, the cheek S shape, and often there is a pronounced recurve and a fat needs to be deep and strong-it takes knob at the end, sometimes resembling a deer's fo ot. The the most abuse from overshooting and other mislicks. It deer's-foot pattern is a good one fo r short handles. It provides shouldn't be thicker than the head, however, or it is liable to a firm grip for the hand, and the recurve lets the wrist work fray and splinter, especially when the ax is used for splitting. at a comfortable angle, especially in one-handed work, where Also, for a splitting ax, the main length of the handle should the elbow is held d ose to the body for control and the arm is be as skinny as is commensurate with strength and a good never fully extended. grip. This gives the ax more whip and speed. A wood splitter accommodates the increased vibration by relaxing his grip as Parts of an ax handle the blade meets the wood. A hewing ax needs a stiffer han­ - ____�------it dle, since whip and vibration can quickly tire the hewer. And -_�:>_---j- it also needs a flare or a knob. Axes and hatchets used for . -.":..--::----�---- carving and trimming call for a comfortable handle shape for special one-handed grips, such as right behind the head, or where the ax balances, best for short chopping strokes. Handle wood-Oak ash, maple and birch are often used, Cheek should be no wider but where it is available, hickoty is the woodsman's choice. than the head if the ax Deer's foot is to be used for splitting. All the I've tried have made good handles: pignut,

40 bitternut, mockernut, shell bark and shagbark. The shagbark the extra length should be trimmed off flush with the head. enjoys a reputation for exceptional strength and good grain. Sometimes the handle needs to be tapped in and the head Unless a marked offset is needed, as fo r a broadax handle, knocked back off to find the thick spots on the shank. The straight, clear wood is best. A tree about 9 in. in diameter is best way to drive the handle into the eye is to hang the ax by likely to be nearly all sapwood, better than heartwood for a its handle in one hand and strike its grip end with a maul. handle. And even for a long ax handle, the bolt needs to be The handle is thus driven against the inertia of the head. only about 42 in . long, to allow fo r seasoning checks and Don't get the head stuck on toO tight before you are ready to waste. Thus a tree that might be culled in a managed timber wedge it-it can be a real bear to remove. lot may produce six or eight handle blanks. Before final-fitting and wedging, woodsmen of the old Quarter the log right away, and if school heat the end of the handle in an open it's large enough, take it to eighths. flame until it is nearly smoking, but not This will relieve much of the stress in charred. This drives out the moisture through the wood and prevent deep seasoning the end grain, and shrinks and hardens the checks. Blanks that won't be used immediately . The wood later swells a little as it ab­ should be leaned up in a sheltered place to sea­ sorbs moisture again, tightening the fit. son. Leave the bark and heartwood on to slow seasoning and prevent, to some extent, the Wedging-I used to saw the slot for the blanks from bowing as they dry. If you orient wedge, but an old-timer set me straight. It's the blank as in the drawing at right, a slight easier to split the shank. Both the wedge and bow will actually work to your advantage. the split should be about two-thirds the depth of the eye. With care, the split won't run down Removing the old handle-Drilling the old the handle and ruin it. handle out can be a chore if the handle is full of A fat wedge will loosen from compression metal wedges. I usually burn the old handle due to moisture changes, thus it tends to work Out. This won't damage the blade if you bury out easily. The slimmer the wedge the better. In the cutting edge in dirt (both edges on a dou­ fact, if the handle fits the eye of the blade to ble-bit ax) and keep the fire very small. You perfection, the wedge can be dispensed with. need to char the handle stub JUSt enough so Needless to say, this is not usually the case. that you can punch it Out. Keep the fire close A soft but tough wood makes the best around the eye, and don't remove the ax head wedge-pine, spruce, cedar and gum are often from the dirt toO soon, or residual heat may run used. A fibrous wood, such as honey locust, out to the edge and spoil its temper. grips well. A hard wood such as oak or maple is a poor choice, as such wedges work loose. Roughing out and shaping-Green hickory Some people apply white glue to the wedge splits fairly easily, and it splits straight with the first. This lubricates the wedge as it is driven in, grain. Once it has been sea­ and sets it firmly in place. soned, however, it becomes difficult to split Laying a flat piece of steel on the end of the wedge while and is prone to run out. hammering will keep the wedge from breaking into pieces. Before the blank dries completely, I like to Metal wedges are best saved fo r tightening up later, should rough out a handle with a hatchet, then go to a the ax head start working loose. Don't hesitate to drive in a and a to skinny it down and refine its shape. I do metal wedge at the first sign of movement-once an ax head most of the finish work with a knife, making the final touch­ begins to rock, it's surely on its way off. es after the head has been mounted. One difficulry in carving hickory is unwanted riving of the grain. Reverse directions Finishing-Final-sanding and finishing are best done after before the riving gets out of control, work slightly across the the handle has been fit onto the head. I like to use mutton grain, and keep the knife sharp. tallow or similar heavy grease to seal the wood. Rub the A works well when the wood gets hard from season­ grease in well and polish it dry with a cloth, fo r initially it ing and the knife no longer cutS freely. The rasp leaves a makes the handle toO to use safely. Tallow is good pro­ rough surface that can be smoothed by scraping with broken tection for the wood, and, incidentally, for the steel. Linseed glass or by sanding. oil will also do nicely. Many commercial handles are var­ Sometimes when an ax is needed right away, you can make nished, but varnish tends to blister the hands and soon wears the handle and install it green, but it is almost sure to need off, whereas grease or oil wears in, and is gentle on the hands. resetting within a week or two. For a more lasting fit, allow Keep any frayed wood at the cheek trimmed off, to reduce the handle to season until it is dry and hard, and "sounds" splintering. If a handle splinters badly, a roll of tape may get when struck with another piece of wood. you through the day's work, but the handle is starting to go. The tape merely hides the extent of the damage and traps Fitting the shank-Be sure that the shank of the handle moisture, accelerating decay. A failing handle is dangerous. completely fills the eye of the head in length, depth and Before your ax .handle gives out completely, go look for a thickness. Slip the ax head gently on the handle to check the hickory tree and treat yourself to some peace of mind. fit, remove it, and cut away the tight SPOtS with a knife or a 0 rasp until the handle beds firmly in the eye of the head and Delbert Greear, a country woodworker fr om Sautee, Ga ., protrudes a little beyond. After the handle has been wedged, wrote on making dough trays in FWW #35.

41 Kitchen on a Stick A pencil and a few lx2s tell the whole story by Jere Cary

tory sticks are one of the kitchen cabinetmaker's most 1 X in. wide. Light-colored woods are best because pencil valuable tools: on these long, narrow pieces of wood, an marks show up better. You'll need three sticks for strip and entireS kitchenful of cabinets can be laid out full-size. The lo­ L-shaped kitchens: one each fo r the horizontal, vertical and cations of the doors and windows, electrical and plumbing depth dimensions. In a Pullman kitchen, which has cabinets services, and other details are recorded on the sticks first. on opposite walls, you'll need fo ur sticks: twO horizontals Then the details of the cabinets and the fixed appliances are (one for each wall), a vertical stick and a depth stick. A added. Because all the cabinet parts and joints are marked out U-shaped kitchen requires three horizontals and a vertical­ full-size, it's easier and more accurate to build from Story the horizontals show the depths of the units on adjacent walls sticks than from scaled-down drawings. (figure 1). Mark the upper units on one side of each horizon­ Using the sticks may seem awkward at first, but I often tal stick, the lowers on the other side. Use a different colored find that even people whoare apprehensive when they start pencil for uppers, so you can identify them quickly. come to rely heavily on story sticks once they have seen how much help the sticks can be. For example, the room details Laying out the sticks-The importance of accuracy in stick on the sticks let you determine exactly how the cabinets layout cannot be overemphasized. Think of the story stick as should be placed within the kitchen. A sink cabinet can be a tuler having only the laid Out so that the sink is centered beneath a window; an marks you need. If the figure I upper unit can be made so that it won't interfere with an marks are inaccurate, existing switch or light fixture. The sticks also serve as guides problems will plague when building the cabinets. Lengths, widths and positions you all along the way, of the joints can all be marked on the material directly from cutting Out the from the story sticks-no measurements are neces- Horizontal sary, so fewer errors are made. And if you add sticks to the kitchen later, the sticks are a de­ tailed record of the existing cabinets. Make the sticks from wood X in. to :x in. thick and Where cabinets are on opposite walls. such as in aU-shaped kitchen. YOU'll need fo ur story sticks-three horizontals and one vertical (not shown).

Wall

Ve rtical stick Horizontal

For sticks. use a light-<:olored wood, !.j in. to * in. thick by I Y, in. wide.

Figure Z House plans won't always show the exact locationof room details. so it's safest to mark them on the horizontal. verti­ cal and depth story sticks. starting from the room's corner or the Door.

42 Horizontal stick I A broken line Diagonal line indicates face indicates a dado frame. The two lines it or a joint. connects show width of part.

Partial Front View (Section) A!'"ff--{ __ Fixed shelf

Bottom

Face-frame stile

Intermediate stile Finish end

Hidden end Partition Cabinet bottom Depth stick stick

Figure This drawing3 shows how cabinet parts are represented by marks on the Partition horizontal story stick. Nail rail

Fixed shelf Back

Bottom

Dust panel is flush with drawer rail

Finish end Diagonal line indicates part width

Figure 4 Here's a typical stick layout. Two horizon­ tal sticks are shown, but the upper cabinets are actually marked on the back side of the Ve rtical stick base cabinet stick.

parts to installing the cabinet. A sharp pencil is a must for as models. It doesn't matter which stick you do first, but the stick layout. It will help you make accurate marks, and if you horizontal stick requires more decisions than the other two, so don't, the line will be easy to erase. I'll discuss that one first. Start layout with the architectural details of the kitchen, as shown in figure 2. It's safer to rely on the sticks than on the The horizontal stick-Begin by marking the allowance for house plans for this information, because actual construction scribing at the hidden end of the cabinet. Scribe is the may differ from what's on the plans. Label each stick as a allowance necessary so that the face frame of the cabinet can horizontal, vertical or depth stick. Begin layout of the vertical be fit to the irregularities in the wall during installation. I stick at the floor. For the horizontal and depth sticks, begin at generally allow about X in., but if you find that the wall is the end or the corner of the walls. really lumpy or out of plumb, allow a bit more. Marking the cabinets on the story sticks is the part of lay­ Next mark the hidden end and the depth of the dadoes or out that most people find difficult to grasp at first. Here are a the fo r the shelves, dust panels and cabinet bottom. couple of general rules to help you get started. Now mark the partitions. If you're using metal slides for Cabinet parts should be identified by name or by symbol, the drawers, they must be mounted so they're flush with the asshown in figure 3. When the parts, hook the edge of the face-frame stile. If you can't move the partition so on the floor or wall end of the stick. This way, that it's flush with the stile's edge, you will have to fasten a small errors won't multiply as layout progresses from one end filler strip to the partition later on. Try to arrange the stile . of the stick to the other. and partition so that a single piece of plywood or a combina­ It's best to go through the layout process for each stick tion of thicknesses you have on hand can be used as a filler. separately. I'll use the two cabinets shown above (figure 4) The finish end is next. The countertop usually overhangs

43 y, -- .:::;:::;=�- -- .-' Scribe space T " Nail rail Cabinet back Cabinet back � � f- l Cou ntertop ______-� Hidden end underlayment Nailra il ,� "'1-11---I ------r-. � F inish end Partial Top View Counter edge band ----../ Depth Horizontal stick I J Wall I J of r cabinet � f $!� i 'L / / /- Face frame rabbeted for Figure 5 rt:IV scribing to wall The first mark on the horizontal story stick is the It.-in. ;; allowance for scribing at the hidden end of the cabinet. Dur­ Face-frame stile r ing installation. this allowance will be planed to fit the face r frame to the wall. Cut a \i-in. by \i-in. rabbet on the back edge of the finish end; the resulting It.-in. allowance for scribing al­ t lows a close fitto an irregular wall.

the finish end by about I in., but if the end is next to a Mark the counter (figure 6). A kitchen cabinet will have freestanding appliance, make the countertop flush with the an overall height of 36 in. (including the counter); a bath­ end's outside face. A rabbet, cut � in. deep and wide on the room vanity, 32 in.-though these can vary to suit individual back edge of the finish end, holds the X-in. plywood back. preferences. Below the counter is the top rail of the face Mark it on the stick asa broken line, as shown in figute 5. frame, usually 2� in. wide. It's wider than the stiles because I usually mark the face-frame stiles last. Their width de­ the countertop underlayment is often banded with a strip of pends on the style of cabinet you choose. In general, the stiles wood I X in. wide, which covers part of the top rail. If a bread­ for flush-face cabinets are between I X in. and I � in. wide. board pullout is to fit in the rail, the rail should be at least Lip and overlay door and drawer faces will hide part of the 2� in. wide and extend a minimum of 1% in. below the band. stile, so if you want equal amounts to show at the end as over In sink and countertop-range cabinets, an apron hides the a partition, make the stiles over the partitions wider to com­ sink or range workings from view when the doors are open . pensate. Lip-face and overlay-face doors require a stile at least The apron and counter should measure about 8 in. wide. 2 in. wide if two doors hinge on the same stile, so that the Incorporate the apron rail into the face frame; fill thespace stile can accommodate both hinges. between it and the top rail with a false drawer face. The drawer rails should be the same width as the apron rail. The vertical stick-Start the layout of the vertical stick at Consider drawer sizes next. The top face is usually the the floor. Begin by marking the 4-in. high toe space on the same height as the fa lse face in the sink apron. Our sense of stick, and then mark the thickness of the cabinet bottom. If proportion requires that the depth of each face in a stack be you will be using a bottom rail more than % in. wide, howev­ the same or slightly greater than the fa ce above it, and that er, you will have to make the toeboard wider to provide ade­ rails between drawers be the same width or narrower than the quate toe space between the bortom rail and the floor. stiles. A %-in. to I X-in. drawer rail works well for lip faces; a 2-in. rail is best for overlay faces. The top edge of the rail and the top surface of the dust panel should be flush. Now locate the fixed shelf, if you have one. Place it slight­ Counter underlayment ly above the center of the door opening, so that taller items can be placed in the bottom of the cabinet. An upper cabinet Edge band - that has fixed shelves usually has twO of them; the top space 1/- ""-',-1::-=-1 2�-in.l top rail V./ is greatest, so more things will be within easy reach. Avoid Breadboard � 'J..."'"","'� shelf spans longer than 32 in ., and don't mark adjustable (optional) "I- shelving on the stick. If the cabinet has different shelf and drawer layouts at each Sink apron is I end, divide the stick in half along its length and mark an end approximately 8 in. I I on each half. Sink-apron face Mark out the upper cabinets. A I6-in. clearance between A upper and lower cabinets used to be standard, but with the Ve rtical stick I L increased use of portable countertop appliances, an I8-in. clearance is better. Partial Side View In upper units, I dado the bottoms into the sides, because Apron rail a dado is stronger than a rabbet. The dado is cut � in. to % in. above the ends of the sides, and a bottom rail wider Figure 6 This drawing shows how the countertop. top rail. breadboard than % in. is used. If no bottom rail is used, the door over­ and sink apron are marked on the vertical story stick. hanging the bortom will serve asa pull. I dado the top of an 44 Figure 7 I lV- Scribe space 1 I Finish or Before the stick layout hidden end -t:---. You should consider the fo llowing details before be­ Bottom --I-- � ginning a stick layout. Wa ll How will the cabinets be broken into units? Obvi­ ously, a complete set of cabinets can't be constructed in End View the shop as one unit, transported to the kitchen and Upper Unit installed. A good place to break is at a corner or at a If the bottom is above eye level. join the back to it with a deep tall, deep unit, such as a pantry or a broom closet. rabbet. so you can scribe the bottom to fit the wall. Will the cabinets have a face frame or not? A face frame hides the raw edge of the plywood case parts and can be scribed to fit the COntours of an irregular wall. Cabinets without face frames are sleeker-looking, but you'll have to live with the rough plywood edge, or band it with thin strips of wood. Nail rail You must also decide how the drawers will slide, and what sryle drawer and door faces you want. Drawers Finish or can be supported and guided in many ways, but I usual­ hidden end ly run them on side-hung metal slides or on wooden Wa ll center guides, fastened to a shelf called a dust panel. Door and drawer faces can lie flush with the face Bottom frame (flush face), protrude half the thickness of the face beyond the face frame (lip face), or protrude the fu ll thickness of the face (overlay face). Select all hardware End View before you layout the sticks-it's frustrating to get a Upper Unit cabinet built, then find you can 't get the hinges. If a cabinet is below eye level. use a to fasten the bot· Most cabinet parts are % in. thick. The exceptions tom and back. are the cabinet back and drawer bottoms (X in.), drawer sides and drawer backs (all X in.). Dadoes and rabbets are X in. deep, except the rabbet at the back edge of a upper cabinet as well, so the face frame and finish end can be finish end, which is CUt X in. by X in. Dadoes and scribed to the ceiling. If the top is lowered the same amount rabbets are cut only in the vertical members. that the bottom is raised, you'll save a machine setup when Make sure you know the actual sizes of the major cutting the joints. appliances to be used. The only safe way to design For good visual balance, the top rail of the upper cabinet is around them is by referring to the manufacturer's usually the widest member of the face frame-3 in. to 4·in. is specification sheet fo r each one. -J.e. quite common. The cabinet back is housed in a rabbet in the finish end, and is butt-jointed over the back edge of the cabinet top and the hidden end. On lower cabinets, the back should be flush it toO near the front edge of the countertop, making it diffi­ with the nail rail so that it will be out of the way when you cult to work at the counter. scribe the counter. The joint between the back and the bot­ The overall depth of a lower cabinet, not including the tom of an upper cabinet may be made in twO ways, depend­ counter, is 24 in. (the countertop usually overhangs the cabi­ ing on the unit's height. If the bottom of the cabinet is above net by 1 in., but you can vary this dimension). A built-in eye level, you 'll want to fitthe bottom to the wall to hide broom closet or pantry is usually made slightly deeper than the gap between the wall and the back. Do this by making the lower cabinets it fits into because joining cabinets together the bottom the same width as the finish end,and then set­ in the same plane is difficult. ting the back in a deep rabbet. Mark the rabbet on the verti­ A bathroom vaniry is sometimes made shallower because cal and depth sticks. If the bottom of the cabinet is below eye of the smaller sink and room size. At times, these units may level, fasten the back to the bottom with a butt joint; mark be as shallow as 20 in. Be sure to check on the sink size, to be the butt joint on the depth stick. Don't let the back hang certain the sink will fit the cabinet: 0 lower than the underside of the bottom, as this makes squar­ ing the cabinet during assembly difficult. This rule applies for Jere Cary has been a profe ssional cabinetmaker fo r 28 years, lower cabinets, too. and fo r the past 15 years has taught the voc ation to high school and community college students in Edmonds, Wash ., The depth stick-Start the depth stick at the wall. Use both where he lives. He has just completed his book, Building sides of the stick (one for upper cabinets, one for lower), or Your Own Kitchen Cabinets, fr om which this article is ex­ show both uppers and lowers on one side. cerpted. Besides story stick layout, Ca ry writes about all The overall depth of an upper cabinet should be i2X in. the steps required to buil d a set of kitchen cabinets, in­ When you subtract the allowance for scribing and the thick­ cluding mater ials list preparation, the cutting and fi tting ness of the back and face frame, you'll be able to fit an ii-in. of parts, and the installation of the finished cabinets. His deep shelf inside the cabinet-just deep enough for a large 152-page book is avail able in softcover from The Taunton dinner plate. Building the upper cabinet deeper would bring Press fo r $12.0 0.

45 The Legendary Norris Plane A hard-to-fmd tool that's worth the search by Edward C.Smith

he London firm of Thomas Norris and Sons made excep­ tionally fine woodworking planes from about 1860 to T1940. Their products, especially the smooth plane which is the subject of this article, are arguably the finest planes ever manufactured. Although expensive, they are prized by cabi­ netmakers and tool collectors. For the worker who hand­ planes regularly, and who appreciates fine tools, the Norrises are worth knowing about. I have owned a Norris smooth plane for about three years, and have used it on timbers ranging from docile cherry to hard, contrary ebony, cocobolo and bird's-eye maple. It in­ variably performs berter than other metal or wooden planes I've used, producing a fine finish even against the grain and adjusting easily for the finest shavings. The Norris adjuster mechanism consists of a steel eyelet with an In concept the Norris is simple. It's a metal box-mild attached rod threaded into the adjuster sbaft . The eyelet engages steel plates dovetailed together, or a single-piece iron or the cap-iron screw to raise or lower the iron. To align the cut­ casting-stuffed with rosewood, beech or occasionally ting edge, the shaft pivots on a cylindrical knuckle. ebony. The plane's virtues accrue from this construction. Any Norris is about 1 � times heavier than the equivalent Stanley, some because they are heavier than the joined steel planes. so it hugs the work with an inertial force that makes planing Except for the model A 15, which I own and consider quite easier. The cutter is twice as thick in.) as that in a compa­ attractive, I find most of these planes a bit homely. rable Stanley-rype plane and is eX6 firmly bedded on a large There is a subgroup of cast-iron planes worth noting. Dur­ wooden frog, a combination that virtually eliminates chatter. ing its later decades, Norris made iron planes in a curved­ The adjuster is precise, moving the iron horizontally and ver­ sided model similar in appearance to the steel planes and tically with little of the play that plagues other planes. filled with stained beechwood. Though not as attractive as the The Norris has a further virtue: it's beautiful, particularly classic-period planes, they retain all the practical virtues of the the early, rosewood-filled versions. Most models are graceful Norris, including-except as noted below-the adjuster. These and fit the hand well, and the contrasting colors of steel, planes are relatively common and often available in good con­ bronze and rosewood attract the eye. Since few of us would dition at half or two-thirds the price of a rosewood model. regularly work a Norris to the limits of its capabiliry, the Unfortunately, some of these later planes have a cheapened ultimate justification for ownership must be somewhat subjec­ version of the adjuster. The better adjuster consists of a tive, the feeling that comes from owning the best. One more threaded rod within a threaded sleeve, permitting precise reason fo r owning a Norris is as an investment. Demand from turning. The cheaper model has no sleeve, resulting in an workmen and collectors has pushed Norris prices steadily up­ adjuster with more play. There's generally no difference in ward, and this trend shows no sign of change. price so avoid those with the poorer adjuster. If you buy a Norris, there are important caveats to note. Least expensive in the Norris line were cast-iron planes The Norris was produced in four product lines, each with a with model numbers 49 to 61. These are of much lower range of models. Only some of these are worth considering. qualiry than the general line, and were meant to compete with The costliest Norris planes were made of bronze with steel Stanley-rype planes, which were becoming very popular by soles and rosewood or ebony infill. They are heavier than oth­ the turn of the century. They are Norris in name only, like a er Norris planes and striking in appearance. But the slight downsized Cadillac, and may be of interest only to collectors. advantage of their greater weight is counterbalanced by their My choice of planes today would be the curved-sided extreme rariry and high price, about double that of the com­ models A2 (open handle), A5 (closed handle) and A4 (no parable steel or iron versions. handle), which are all of the classic dovetailed steel rype; the The dovetailed steel models filled with rosewood are much cast-iron A15; and, only if available at a much lower price, more common. These are the "classic" Norris planes most the beech-filled iron model. prized by workmen, and the ones generally thought of when With model numbers in mind, check the fo llowing points the marque is mentioned. These were made with either when examining a plane for purchase, or when instructing a curved or straight sides, with open or closed handles, and in a dealer regarding a mail-order purchase. curved-sided version without a handle. The plane body: This is crucial. I know of no way to repair a Next in price were some annealed cast-iron planes, cheaper cracked casting or battered and bent steel plates. Such dam­ because they required less skilled handwork and preferred by age has likely forced the sole out of truth. Rust, if superficial,

46 Where to look for a Norris Besides smoothers, Norris made panel and jointer planes; shoulder planes; miter, rabbet and bullnose rabbet planes; and chariot and thumb planes. For a survey that includes two Norris catalog reprints ($6), write Ken RobertS Publishing Inc., Box 151 , Fitzwil­ liam, N.H. 03447. Below is a list of dealers who may have Norris planes for sale, or who will accept a standing order. The Mechanick's Workbench PO Box 544, Front St. Marion, Mass. 02738. Iron Horse Antiques, RD 2 Poultney, Vt. 05764. Tom Witte, Box 35 Mattawan, Mich. 49071. Roy Arnold, 77 High St., Needham Market, Suffolk IP6 8AN, England. Philip Walker, Beck Barn The Causeway, Needham Market Suffolk IP6 8BD, England. Sources fo r Norris cutters: Henley Plane Company, 13 New Rd., Reading, Berkshire, England, will make irons to fit pre-war Norrises in the 2Ys-in. to 2%-in. sizes (£34 ppd.). London Auction House occasionally has second-hand irons: Tyrone Roberts, The Norris plane is considered by many to be the Rolls-Royce of hand ed ge-tools. Th is WattOn Rd., Swaffham, Nor- model A15 smoother has a one-piece cast-iron body and rosewood infill and handle, a folk, England. construction that makes it lIh times heavier than an equivalent Stanley-type pl ane, can be removed with steel wool or fine emery. If the metal is they are scarce and quite expensive. I purchased mine fr om pitted, the plane's market value may be lowered, as will its Roy Arnold for £15 (about $22) each plus shipping from utility if the sole is scarred. Offer a lower price for a plane England. Except for collectors, it is not important that the with pitting on the sides. The sole can be resurfaced by a cutter be stamped with the Norris name, but it should be the machine shop or by laborious hand-lapping. right width and it must be a "gauged" or "parallel" iron. Wood parts: The condition of the wood parts is more impor­ This means that it is the same thickness throughout its length tant in fixing price than in determining utility. In fact� some rather than tapered like irons in most wooden planes. In a look-alike Norris competitors sold just the plane body, leav­ pinch, a tapered iron can serve, but as the iron wears through ing the customer to make his own infill and handle. The sharpening, the mouth of the plane will widen. The cap iron workman willing to repair or replace damaged or missing should be original, since the adjuster works by receiving the wood parts may be able to acquire a perf ectly serviceable cap-iron screw. Check that the cap iron mates properly with plane well below the usual price. the iron-no light should show between it and the cutter The adjuster: This mechanism is simple, quite heavily con­ when they are tightly fitted. structed and not likely to be damaged. And a damaged or Against this background, the question is: where to find a missing adjuster can be reproduced by any competent ma­ Norris and how much to pay? Norris planes were imported to chinist. Many adjusters are fastened to the plane frog with America, but they aren't likely to be fo und at a garage sale, special screws requiring a custom-made screwdriver. Further, an antiques shop, or even an old-tool shop. American buyers it appears that the screws were driven home before the lever should contact dealers who specialize in British tools. I know cap was installed, so their removal requires a right-angle driv­ of only two, both mail-order, who have had more than one or er even if the screw heads are common. two Norris planes over the past three years (see box). You The cutter: The back of the cutter, opposite the bevel, must may need to place a standing order with a dealer for a specific be free of all but the mildest rust. It should be perfectly flat model. Specify the condition of the plane you want, including and highly polished. Pitting will require grinding and lapping, what SOrt of damage you consider acceptable. or machine-shop services. Remember, the Norris has no pro­ Prices for antique tools are fairly volatile, but you can vision for frog adjustment; making the cutter thinner by sur­ make an educated guess after perusing a recent auction cata­ face-grinding may open the mouth more than you want. The log. I would expect to pay about $300 to $350 for a rose­ frog can be shimmed, but this isn't good practice because the wood-filled smoother in one of the desirable models, and iron's firm bedding is at the heart of the Norris' performance. about $200 to $225 for a beech-filled model. Though ex­ Plane irons, of course, wear away as they are sharpened, so pensive compared with other hand planes, Norrises are a bar­ most Norrises are likely to have partly used-up irons. When gain measured against the labor it costs to buy one: about a new, a typical Norris cutter would have had about 2%; in.of week's pay, both in the 1920s and today. usable blade below the cap-iron screw cutout. I would try to 0 get a cutter with at least 1 in. of usable blade. When I need­ Edward C. Smith lives in Marshfield, Vt., where he ed replacement irons a couple of years ago, I discovered that makes fu rniture and tools.

47 Tur ning Giant Bowls Ed Moulthrop's tools and techniques by Dale Nish

hen I first saw one of Ed Moulthrop's 36-in. diameter bowls, I was intimidated at the thought of turning it. WIt had evidently required a tree trunk for a blank, about a half-ton of green wood. I have since visited Moulthrop in his Atlanta shop, to learn about his monster lathes, harpoon-size tools and sophisticated techniques for controlling moisture­ related wood movement in such hefty . Moulthrop produces about 250 of these bowls each year, marketing them in craft galleries in New York, Atlanta, Scottsdale (Ariz.) and San Francisco. Although he's been turning since he was 14 years old, it was 10 years ago that he quit his thriving architecture practice of 30 years to do it full­ time. His work has been exhibited in more than 40 art muse­ ums, including the Smithsonian's Renwick Gallety and the Vatican Museum, as well as being part of the permanent col­ lections of New York's Museum of Modern Art and Metro­ politan Museum of Art. Moulthrop uses only southeastern woods, exceptional Says Moulthrop, 'Each bowl already exists in the tree pieces of tulip magnolia (yellow-poplar, Liriodendron tulipi­ trunk, and my job is simply to uncover it and take it out. fe ra) , wild cherty, sweet gum, white pine, black walnut and I love the heft and the solidness of these huge blocks. I love orangewood, magnolia, and persimmon. He feels that native to fe el their weight as they resist the leverage of a big woods are amply exotic, if you find the right logs. His bowls cant-hook, or to sense the tug of gravity as the hoist slowly separates a fifteen-hundred-pound block fr om the ground. ' are limited mainly to a few basic shapes: hollow globes, for which he is best known, lotus forms, and chunky donuts. The simplicity of his designs serves to enhance the elaborate, by a fo ot switch, is mounted on a hinged table, with the colorful figure of the wood. weight of the motor providing tension on a heavy %-in. wide V-belt. The motor output is 80 RPM. With four 9-in. pulleys Moulthrop builds his lathes (he's built five in an improv­ on the motor, and four pulleys on the headstock shaft ap­ ing series) specificallyfor large faceplate turning. For rough proximately 15 in., 10 in., 8 in. and 6 in. in diameter, speeds turning, he uses the one drawn on the facing page (and pic­ range from 50 RPM to 120 RPM. This may seem slow, but on tured on p. 51); for finishturning he uses a similar design, a 30-in. diameter bowl, 80 RPM means a rim speed of 628 ft . but of lighter structure (p. 53). In the fo rmer, the base is per minute, about the same as a 6-in. bowl turning 400 RPM. %-in. plywood glued to 2x4 supportS in the corners. The top Moulthrop's tool rest is made from a 16-in. long piece of is a 24-in. by 35-in. section of a 1 %-in. thick exterior solid­ �-in. by 3-in. by 4-in. angle iron, bandsawn to shape. A steel core door reinforced with angle irons along its top connector bar (Ys in. by 2 in. by 16 in.) edges. Moulthrop metal-turned the headstock pivots from the cherry beam, cantilever­ from a scavenged, 3�-in. diameter steel shaft ing the tool rest in various positions. The mounted in giant pillow blocks 18 in. apart. The top edge of the rest is drilled with a se­ centerline of the 'shaft is 38 in. from the floor, a ries of holes that take an 8d tempered comfortable height for Moulthrop, who's abour nail, which serves as an adjustable stop 6 ft. tall. The tool rest, positioned a little below to lever tools against, similar to the way shaft center, is attached to a 5 x 7 solid cherry tools are used on a metal- lathe. beam. The beam slides in and out from under the A pin projecting from the bottom of table, and is held in position by twO large clamps. the rest locates a suppOtt, which braces the Inside the base, a 2�-HP gear motor, controlled rest against the floor when it's extended far from the beam. Dale Nish teaches industrial education at Brigham Young Univer sity in Provo, Utah. He The three basic tools Moulthrop has is the author of Creative W oodturning and Artis­ designed and developed for his work are tic Woodturning, both published by the Brigham the lance, the loop and the cut-off tool. Young University Press, and is working on a Moulthrop 's tools include hooks All are fo rged from either salvaged ta­ book tentatively titled Masters of Woodturning. and lances up to 96 in. lo ng. pered-reamer stock or hex-bar tool steel,

48 Moulthrop 's production includes bo wls up to 40 in. in diameter.

Moulthrop's roughing-out lathe

3112-in. dia. spindle 10 Pulleys: Solid-core door. 15 in., in , reinforced with angle iron Sin., 6 in. %-in. support rod extended from 2x4 r brace Angle-iron tool rest with removable pin for levering tools against

%-in. wide V-belt

Tool connector bar 2112-HP motor with 9-in. pulleys

Base: %-in. plywood and 2x4 corner braces, all glued

Drawings: Barbara Smolover 49 Moulthrop's tools

The lance Shortened cant-hook handle �---13--���1---8� �1��------37------���I

Ta pers from ?1J-in. diameter.

The loop Cant-hook handle �--17---rE--1 0-""1 �le�------60------��� I The wood yard, a grove filled with turning blanks. Cutting edge ( �--I-F'-'.!JIoI���" �:::;:;���:E �sharpened insideOOIV: 3:;��

I !�, 35 0 450 �\ Ta pers from 106-in. diameter I �\ to The cut-off tool Cutting edge : ".� :::::::::l., f---9 12--'3>"'+1 E'-�-6� I..: to

Attaching the fa ceplate with lag bolts.

Ys in. to 1 X in. in diameter. The lance is Moulthrop's dream heaped on top of the bolts and generously scattered over the tool, replacing skews, gouges and round-nose chisels for all plastic retain moisture in the rainy Atlanta climate, helping to exterior work. The tool-steel shaft is epoxied deep into a fo restall checking. The aim is to keep the bolts as wet as shortened cant-hook handle, so the two become one continu­ possible for as long as possible. ous piece, free from vibration. The lance is a model of cutting The damp climate also fo sters staining and spalting of the efficiency, never used flat as for scraping, but always with wood. Colors seem to mature, sapwood darkens, and stains the edge at 450 to nearly vertical, levered against the tool­ penetrate the bolt from both ends. All this adds an extra rest Stop. dimension of color and character to the pieces. Bolts may be For inside work, Moulthrop uses a loop not unlike the turned fresh-cut, or kept for 6 to 24 months before they're turning hooks used by turners of old (FWW #40, pp. 93- tough-turned, still wet. In the interim, the older bolts may 94). After fo rging, the loop is tempered and then sharpened breed fungus, mold and even mushrooms. Before toO long, on the inside only, using a high-speed tool grinder and cone­ however, these pieces will tot beyond usefulness. shaped stone. Like the lance, it's used to cur, not scrape, al­ Such large blanks require careful mounting. Moulthtop ways levered against the tool-rest Stop. squares the ends of the bolt with an electric , remov­ Moulthrop's cur-off tool, a giant parting tool, is unique ing � in. of wood from each end so that he can see the color because its cutting edge is located below the level of the tool and figure. He lays out a circle on the end of the bolt delin­ rest. The force of the turning workpiece thus keeps the tool eating the best color and figure, not necessarily centered on aligned in the cut, safe from flipping over. the heart of the bolt. After chainsawing the bolt's diameter to its rough size, he rolls it into his shop, purposely located Moulthrop's wood storage yard is a grove of trees shading downhill from his storage area-a valuable feature, consider­ open areas covered by plastic sheets. Log sections waiting to ing that some of the large bolts weigh 1500 lb. be turned are left standing on end on the plastic, their weight The faceplate shown above was made from an old sprocket forming depressions in which rainwater accumulates. Shavings gear found in the salvage yard, Moulthrop's favorite shopping

50 place. It is 9 in. in diameter and in. thick. It has been threaded to fit the headstock shaft: :x 2-in. diameter, 8 threads per inch. The faceplate is carefully positioned in the cenrer of the blank, and is mounred with heavy screws or %-in. lag bolts, depending on the weight to be held. Moulthrop often Roughing the bowls in steps. drives additional lags between the teeth of the gear, as securi­ ry against a massive mishap. After the bowl is finish-turned, the screw holes will be filled. Moulthrop uses epoxy mixed with wood dust to match the color of the surrounding wood.

In the typical roughing-out position (pictured above), Moulthrop holds the butt of the lance handle against his thigh so that the tool cuts at abour the cenrer of the piece. His right hand and leg steady the handle and conrrol the tool's movemenr, while his left hand holds the tool firmly on the rest and against the tool-rest Stop. His twO arms and the tool form a triangle, providing maximum conrrol as the lathe turns at 50 to 120 RPM. The lance shears. The shank is held against the tool-rest stop and the rounded portion rides the surface of the turning work as the poinr penetrates the wood. After roughing the blank round, Moulthrop shapes the conrour in a series of steps which are then faired. He rypically removes shavings up Smoothing the outside shape.

51 A. Boring the clearance hole. " Hollowing a closed bowl

el Plan view D. Severed months in soilltion of PEG stabilizes the wood.

4 5 Numbers - 2 indicate the order \ of cuts and the corresponding position of the 1 tool on the rest. \ (clearance hole 2.3.4.5.10 bored with auger) 6.7.8.9.11

E. Af ter fi nish-turning (fa cing page). a flexible-shaft grinder smooths the olltside. Th e dltst pick-lip cone, right, attaches to a 12-in. exhaust duct .

B. Th e hook begins hollowing the bowl.

C. Undercutting the inside . F. Th e flexibl e shaft edso reaches the inside of the bowl. 52 Using lance and loop, M01llthrop refines the shape of his bowls after PEG treatment, but on a lighter-duty lathe. to 1 in. wide and in. thick. These peel off like long wool­ soak as large ones, but leaving them longer doesn't hurt. Be­ ly caterpillarsY:; as waterY:; sprays from the moisture-laden log. cause of the work invested in them, Moulthrop often allows more time for large bowls, juSt to be safe. To hollow the bowl (facing page), Moulthrop first bores a After soaking, the pieces are drained and set outside on a 1 X-in. clearance hole with a brace and bit, held stationary drying rack fo r a week in the sun. Final drying takes about while the lathe turns at slow speed. He marks the depth on rwo or three weeks, in a small room conditioned by a house­ the auger and drills to within in. of the bottom. hold dehumidifier. The loop cuts from the center2 out, levering on the tool-rest stop, which must be repositioned periodically as the cut pro­ The finishing lathe (above) is similar in design to the gresses. Wall thickness on small bowls is gauged by feel. On rough-turning lathe, except that it is lighter and has a smaller the larger bowls, where the reach is toO long, Moulthrop drills motor, since only light cuts are now made. The tools, however, �2-in. gauge holes and measures the thickness di rectly with are the same: the lance for outside work, the loop fo r inside. fine wire. The rough bowls have a wall thickness of about Sanding begins with grits as coarse as 16 or 24. Both in­ in. at the opening to 1 in. or 1 in. at the base. Later the side and outside are worked by hand or with discs on a flexi­ :xbase of the bowl will be thinned, Y:; from the inside, to % in. ble-shaft machine. Small holes and defects are usually patched with a mixture of sanding dust and hard-setting ep­ Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is the key to being able oxy, just before final sanding with fine-grit paper. to turn such large bowls10 taken00 from anywhere in the log, even The bowl's finish may be of several types; many are possi­ including the pith and knots, without the bowl splitting or ble, but all finishes are sensitive to the moisture that PEG warping. The PEG replaces the moisture in the wood and attracts. Moulthrop has been experimenting with his present stabilizes it 19, pp. 68-7 1). After green turning, finish for ten years now, but he feels it still needs further Moulthrop dates(FWW the # rough bowl and immerses it in a 40% development. For those starting Out with PEG, he recom­ solution, vats of which line his tank yard outside his shop. mends polyurethane as the easiest finish. It must be applied The 4-ft. diameter, 36-in. high aluminum vats are also from in conditions of low humidity. Moulthrop buffs with his favorite salvage yard. Soaking time varies with the tem­ 0000 steel wool, fo llowed by tripoli and rouge in oil applied perature of the season: about 60 days in the summer (average with a cloth while the piece is rotating on the lathe. The last temperature 80°), about 90 days in the fall, and about step is to remove the faceplate, patch the screw holes and 120 days in the winter. Small bowls don't require as long a hand-finish the bottom. 0

53 a Pencil-Post Bed How toMaking shape tapered octagonal posts

by Herbert W Akers

knew I was in trouble as soon as we walked Out of the Before I was through making the bed shown here, I had furniture store. We had just looked at several king-size answered those questions myself. Shaping the POStS ttirned pencil-postI beds in solid cherry, all priced at about a thou­ Out tobe easier than I'd thought-I planed them by hand, sand bucks. Then my wife asked me if I could make one. I using a method similar to what boatbuilders employ to make took another look at the price tag and naively replied, masts and spars. Holding the postS was no problem either, "Sure." As I walked back to the car, I heard a little voice once I had devised a vise made of pipe clamps and 2x4s. asking: How in the devil can you shape a 7-f t. long, 3-in. Finding plans for the bed wanted, however, wasn't so square post into an octagonal section with equal sides and a simple. Many country beds of theI mid 18th century are called graceful taper? How do you even hold a POSt that size secure­ pencil-post because their POStS are hexagonal in section, just ly enough to plane it? like a wooden pencil. Others, however, are square posts ta-

Fig. 1: Pencil-post bed

Make tester of I- in. bV I !if-in. stock.

B B A

Tester fra me lapped-joined at corners and 84-in. pinned to post Post post Detail A length

Pencil-post beds are bolted together so they can be disasse mbled fo r moving. Th e A A fra mework atop the posts, called a tester, can be added as decoration or to support \r-++H-" a canopy .

B

c

Four 2x3 slats support mattress 81 in., and box spring. or make to suit 7 mattress. 34 in., or start taper 74 in ., 2 in. above mattress. or make to suit mattress. 14

54 Drawings: David Dann pering into eight sides. An exhaustive search at the local li­ two Sears pipe clamps threaded into flanges screwed to the brary turned up no plans, so in desperation I turned to a stack benchtop, as shown in figure 2. With this setup, I could se- of old antiques magazines, and I got lucky: I found photos of . curely grip about 27 in. of the post either on its corners or on several beds with octagonal posts. its flat sides. The rest of the post extended out over the end of By contemporary standards, pencil-post beds are quite the workbench, so I could plane in either direction, depending lofry. Typically, the top of the mattress was 32 in. high, ele­ on the grain of the wood. vating the occupants well above the cold floor and leaving Lay Out the posts as shown in figure 3. Try to arrange your room for a trundle bed beneath. You can design the bed with layout so that you'll be planing with the grain toward the a lower mattress, but if you do, consider also lowering the smaller end of the POSt. You may want to test-plane it first, point where the taper begins on the posts, which is usually as grain-reading can be tricky with some woods. You'll be 2 in. above the mattress. Don't fo rget to measure the mattress using this method over and over again to determine how and box spring you will actually use, and leave about a I-in. much wood to cut away. The idea is to draw the guidelines, clearance at the sides and ends for bedclothes. I fo und it es­ cut away material from the adjacent surfaces and then draw sential to make a full-size drawing of the posts on taped-up more guidelines on the newly CUt surfaces. You alternate your sheets of graph paper. shaping work, cutting the POSt'S fo ur corners first, then the fo ur flats, then the corners again and so on. As you progress, Shaping the posts-Sixteen-quarter lumber is hard to find, the octagon will slowly take shape until each surface measures and prone to checking anyway, so I laminated two pieces of % in. at the top and I X in. where the tapers be gin. It may be I Y:;-in. thick cherry to make my 3x3s, taking care to match tempting to simply scribe the octagon's final shape on the end the color and grain. I made a quick-action vise consisting of of the POSt and taper down to it, but this would require re-

Fig. 2: Pipe-clamp vise

T6

Headboard and all rails are 7 06 in. thick. �l

Coun tersink for head of bed bolt. Fig. 3: Shaping the posts

Shape post fla ts and corners For first cut, draw tapered guide­ alternately un til all eigh t lines on fla t of post, then remove surfaces are equal. matenal from corners (shaded areas) .

First cut Second cut Third cut. etc. ( d( Mortise for captured nut ____ Detail C: Foot rail t---"--r-----,----,------'----U-J'---'-�S( Y 2x3 � �:;;r--r Use rasp or � to -t Fir slat cut arced stop . � -:Y"" 1 V2-in. by l-in. strip I screwed to side rail to support slats W� -----=�'

Te st adjacent surfaces with a bevel gauge set at 73 5°; use a square to test alternate surfaces.

For second cut draw tapered guidelines Offset fo ot-rail and side-rail on surface fo rmed by t step, bed bolts by at leas t 2 in. then remove material from post fla ts. 55 moving too much material from one face at once, making it tenons. They are fastened with %-in. by 7-in. bed bolts difficult to keep the taper uniform and the POSt straight. threaded into captured nuts, as in detail C (p. 55). A pivot­ I began shaping by cutting chamf ers on the square post. ing brass cap hides each bolt head. I got the bolts from Hor­ Starting at the bottom of the tapers, I cut toward the top of ton Brasses, Box 95, Cromwell, Conn. 06416. Get the wrench the POSt with a sharp until I could switch to a power that goes with the bolts, or use a 12mm socket wrench. With plane which I'd used this project as an excuse to buy. A hand no glue holding it together, I didn't want to risk an ill-fitting plane would be fine for this work, but a lot slower. Where tenon shoulder where the headboard joins the POStS, so I sim­ the Stop and arc into the square lower portion of the ply didn't cur shoulders, letting the full 1 X6-in. thickness of post, I used a :X-in. rotary rasp chucked in an , the headboard fit snugly into the mortises (detail B). although a spokeshave is the authentic solution. As you The side rails are stub mortise-and-tenoned into the posts plane, keep a long metal straightedge handy to check for and bolted. For strength, the two bolts that pass through each scooped-out SPOtS in your tapered surface. Check the accuracy foot post should be a minimum of 2 in. apart. Most fo ur­ of your work with a square and a bevel gauge, as in figure 3. poster beds have the bolt fo r the side rail lower than the bolt As you near the final shape, check the dimensions of your for the foot rail, but it could be done either way. post against the full-size drawing and sight down the POSt fo r Whether you plan to use a canopy or not, the bed looks straightness. On my POSt drawing, I struck perpendicular lines better with the traditional bars that commonly join the tops at 5-in. intervals, and then used dividers to make sure that all of the posts. These are called the tester (pronounced "tee­ the faces were equal and that the width of my taper matched ster") and they fo rm the supports for a canopy. The laps that the drawing at these points. join the tester bars are not glued but are held together by If you end up planing against the grain and you tear out a dowels driven into the top of the posts. chunk or two during the first few curs, reverse your plane. I finished the bed with clear Watco oil, which darkened You'll be cutting away enough wood to remove any blem­ the wood just enough to enhance the grain of the cherry. A ishes as you approach the final shape. JUSt be sure to keep month later I fo llowed up with a liberal application of Watco your plane extra sharp and to set the blade so that it takes a satin oil, and I think the final finish is exquisite. fine shaving. This is not a small project, but because I drew my own plans and used techniques new to me, it's one of the most Assembling the bed-I made a full-size drawing of the satisfying I've ever tackled. Trouble is, my daughter asked me curved ends of the headboard and transferred this shape with if I could make one fo r her and I said "sure," again. I'll never carbon paper to the two glued-up boards that form the head­ learn. I wonder if she'll settle fo r pine. board. I mortised the posts first and then cut the headboard 0 to fit. Since I wanted to be able to dismantle the bed for Herb Akers lives in Rockville, Md. , and makes reproduc­ moving, I didn 't glue the head-rail and foot-rail mortises and tion fu rniture as a hobby. Photo by the author.

Layout tips from the boatyard by Michael Podmaniczky A long straightedge or a does tightly against the edges of the stock, Sparmakers' gauge well for laying out guidelines on square­ --± scribe the corners of the octagon by sectioned stock to be worked into an oc­ drawing the gauge down the length of tagon. But this old sparmakers' mark­ the piece. Drawknife down close to the ing gauge speeds the job, and you can line and finish with a smooth plane. A also use it to mark our a swelled taper, boatbuilder making a mast or a spar as fo r a round mast or a boom. [[FJf would continue shaping by first eyeball­ It's made of a scrap that's a few ing the octagonal POSt to 16 sides, even­ inches longer than the greatest thickness tually planing off all the corners to form of the taper to be worked. The two �p'V a uniform, round section. dowels that guide the gauge and the For strength and weight, spars have nails that do the scribing are inserted ac­ noticeably swelled tapers. I suggest add­ cording to this geometry: In a square ing a subtler swell to octagonal postS, slightly larger than the section of the whether tapered or not. This slight work, lay out the octagon as shown in bulging, called entasis, is commonly the drawing. Then locate the dowels so found in classic Greek columns. Entasis that the distance between their inside imparts an appealing visual correctness. edges equals the length of a side of Adding it will also help you avoid inad­ the square. Position the scribing nails vertently hollowing the tapers. as shown. 0 To use the gauge, saw or plane the Michael Podmaniczky is a boatbt tild­ Cut straight tapers on fo ur sides of post firs t. taper "in the square" on four sides of then use gauge to mark octagonal tapers. er and pattern maker who works in your Stock. Then, with the dowels held I Ca mden, Maine.

56 Moldings Applying geometry with style

by Victor j. Ta ylor

oldings dramatical­ Weight and transition-In figure ly affect the look E, F and G represent a bookcase/cup­ 2, Fig. 1: Edge treatments ofM any piece of furniture. board, a chest of drawers on a stand, � -- Their main purpose has and a long-case clock, respectively. In -¥ always been to visually the first column, each has been reduced connect elements and to to its basic elements. As functional fu r­ A --+�--A1� add richness, subtly con­ niture, all three pieces could be con­ Et6� trolling the viewer's appre­ structed as I have drawn them, without ciation of a design. They embellishment, and, more significantly, have several other functions, withour any visual transitions between ----- too. They frequently serve the components. Cl_ as placeholding keyways for Yet in E, the uppermost unit looks --..I---__ - separable parts of a piece of insignificant compared with the others, _c� fu rniture. They may mask and the whole piece looks unfinished. joints that would otherwise The same can be said of the chest-on­ show, or conceal screw and nail heads, stand shown at F. The long-case clock or cover end grain. And their style and at G is more complicated. It comprises proportions set the style for particular fo ur disparate units-the plinth, sur­ furniture periods. base, trunk and hood. All three pieces Fig. 2: Weight and transition Our knowledge of classical moldings of furniture will benefit ftom more visu­ - - comes from edge treatments used in an­ al weight at the top. In E and F a cor­ r-- cient architecture. In the surviving ex­ nice immediately makes each piece look r-- amples that have come down to us, just a bit more imposing. In G a pedi­ these were already a highly evolved ment counterbalances the bulky surbase fo rm. Perhaps the first moldings were and plint�. - -+ - merely an effort to smooth off the arris But still the appearance of each piece r-- r-- (the edge) where twO surfaces meet at is stark and unfinished until moldings an angle. It is possible to round off an are added to relate one unit to another. E EI arris in several ways, affecting the rela­ At this juncture we have twO choices. tionship between the planes. In figure1, We can employ a convex molding, A, B, C and D represent cross sections which will accent the units, or we can thtough various tabletops. The equally use a concave molding, which will distributed radius of A is neurral. The smooth the transition between the units. flattened curve of B makes the tabletop It is obvious that the profile of the appear thinner, diminishing its bulk. molding affects the outline of a piece of Conversely, the curve shown in C accen­ furniture. A subtler factOr to be consid­ tuates the thickness of the tabletop. The ered is how the molding surface reflects F FI bevel in D tends to reduce the bulk of light and how its elements create shad­ I I the tabletop even more. ow. Moldings above eye level, as for in­ Fillets can be cut in to define the ex­ stance on a cornice, should be mounted '-' '-' <.....J '--' tent of each curve, adding to the em­ so that the decorative elements face phasis. The bevel, as applied to panel or downward. The reverse applies to the carcase rails, can add a decorative ele­ moldings on a plinth or a base. In this ment in the way that it StopS near a cor­ way the interplay of light and shadow ner or where twO rails meet. It is easy to adds vitality and interest to what could imagine how attached moldings evolved otherwise be a lusterless object. Sharp from these edge treatments, and one curves generate brighter highlights than very good reason was that the grain of do gentle ones. A sprightly piece of fur­ moldings could be chosen so that they niture therefore calls fo r vigotous mold­ could be worked easily, whereas all tOO ings. Conversely, a sedate piece is en­ G often the grain of a solid tOp, particular­ hanced by btoad, gentle curves. ly the end grain, \v as difficult. The particular molding design we 57 apply depends on the nature of the fur­ Fig. 3: Ty pical period moldings niture, on whether an individual unit needs to be given prominence because of the craftsmanship lavished upon it, or because the design is of a period which must carry the moldings appropriate to its age. Figure 3 shows a few typical moldings found on English and French furniture of various periods.

Geometry-The Greeks and the Ro­ mans had different approaches for de­ signing moldings. Roman designs were based on segments of a circle; the Greeks began with conical sections-el­ lipse, hyperbola, parabola. Some basic curves can be combined into any of hundreds of complex mold­ ings. Starting with the Roman style, fig­ ure 4 shows how to draw the cyma recta (), the cyma reversa (reverse ogee), the ovolo, the cavetto and the scotia. All of them use a square grid as the starting pattern. To lay out the Greek equivalents, draw the size of the stock and divide each side into the same number of parts. The greater the number of divisions, the more accurate the profile. Then draw the radiating lines to the grid points, as shown. In the case of the Greek scotia and cavetto prof iles, one of the centers for the plotting lines is fo und by ex­ tending the sides of the section.

Making moldingS-Figure 5 shows how to make a backed cornice, based on the instructions in Sheraton's Ca binet Maker and Up holsterer's Drawing Book. You remove the bulk of the wood with rabbet planes, then shape the curves with appropriate molding planes (FWW # 37, pp. 72-77). The first step (detail is to draw out the section full-size,1) and then draw in the rectan­ gle abed to indicate the size of the ma­ LouuJx/v hogany show wood . Draw the size of the rabbets that can be planed square, and mark points e, f, g, hand i. Now prepare a piece of mahogany to the size abed, and glue a piece of pine to the back of it, as shown in 2. Turn the assembly over (3), and scribe e, f,g, LOt� XV hand i along the fu ll length of the molding. Next, set your gauge from a to y, and again from e to z, and mark them off along the full length. Proceeding to 4, mark and plane off the corners to match the profile. In 5, the rabbet plane has completed its work and the stock is ready for final shaping with the molding plane.

58 Fig. 4: Geometry I ---r�

, " ,''Z'--2 A:/I i" .. ".://:' �'1 ' " .,� •••;: ./---- 7 //.-;."

Fig. 5: Making a backed cornice - Moldings and miters One of the most common ways of joining moldings a C'7-'uu; .....�� co{Iz g 'f "e a in medieval times was to use the "ma­ �����" sons' miter," which looks like a miter, � :I bur is actually a disguised mortise-and­ 6 tenon joint. In figure 6, A and B show how it was carved. True miters are not always 450, even d though the pieces meet at 900. At C, two moldings of different widths need a to be mitered. Drawing the outer lines of the moldings on paper indicates the miter angle-line xy. Extending the pro­ file points of either molding to the line will indicate the necessary proportions c for the other. The example at D, in which the "raking" molding of a cornice is pitched at an angle, requires three different pro­ Fig. 6: Miters and proportions files. To calculate them, draw the raking molding at its correct angle, and super­ impose a drawing of its true profile. Draw reference lines parallel to each other along the molding and then mark off the profile points on the line abo With a compass at center c, describe arcs from each reference point on the line ab to cut the horizontal line cd. Drop perpendiculars, and the intersec­ tions will provide plotting points for the lower rerurn molding's profile. Similarly, you can find the profile of the upper rerurn molding by drawing line yz and transferring the dimensions. You don't, of course, need to begin with the profile of the raking molding, as this procedure works with any of the profiles as a starting point. 0 Victor ]. Taylor, fo rmer editor of the BI'itish magazine Woodworker, wrote and illustrated the secr etaire-bookcase article in FWW #38.

59 The�odcratt�S�CI�en�e�______San Francisco in Miniature by Michael Pearce

an Francisco's architecture is certainly retrospective show, the outstanding fea­ ents imagine what will be built. Potts' varied and rich enough to deserve a ture of which was a series of five models provide an exquisitely wrought placeS in the city's museum of modern spectacular basswood and maple models explanation of already existing architec­ art. Last winter the American Institute by Oakland artist Don Potts. ture. They not only offer a quick, tangi­ of Architects brought some local land­ Architectural models are usually made ble lesson in form and structure, they marks into the museum fo r a 10 0-year- in advance of consttuction to help cli- also invite a close look and close in­ volvement. Looking at the City Hall dome cutaway-with its interior ceiling of recessed octagons, its fluted columns (complete with laser-carved acanthus leaves) and delicate balcony fences, and its spired lantern that sits on top like a crown-one can begin to understand something of the thought and craft that went into designing and building the original. Similarly, the other models-a tower of the Golden Gate Bridge, a sculpted relief of Golden Gate Park, and a typical (but elegant) Victorian house-seem uncannily lifelike, as if the originals themselves had been shrunk. Potts' career in modelmaking began in an unlikely manner. In 1975 he was invited to spend a year in Germany in the Berlin Artist Program. He had gained considerable recognition in the early 1970s fo r a series of "car sculp­ tures": sleek, low, skeletal frames on spoked wheels that look something like Class B dragsters engineered by Leonar­ do da Vinci. When Potts arrived in Ber­ lin intending to continue this work, he was told that there was no funding available fo r a shop or for materials, though he could still stay on as an artist­ in-residence. After several frustrating weeks of jousting with bureaucratic windmills, he gave up his original plan. He fo und himself daydreaming about a house he wanted to build in northern California, and so he began drawing plans, teaching himself drafting as he went. Finally he built the house in min­ iature-complete with kitchen cabinets, flooring, beamed ceilings, a stone hearth and banistered stairs-and displayed it as his residency project in an exhibition called, appropriately, Mein Haus. Back looking for work in San Fran­ cisco, POtts ran into an architect friend who said he needed models. POttS brought his Haus over to the friend's firm, and was asked to begin work on a project that same day. POttS believes that his lack of any for­ mal training in woodworking allowed Srudio photos: Joel Schopplein; insralluion phoro: Michael Pearce

60 all the ornate fences, grilles and carved details had he not discovered Lasercraft of Santa Rosa, Calif. , which fabricated the basswood veneer parts by scanning brass stencils with a high-power laser. A big breakthrough came when POtts real­ ized that the hundreds of trees which cover the park model could be made ef­ ficiently and fairly realistically with the aid of laser-cutting. A few flat, irregular tree-shapes in tOp view were mass-re­ produced from X6-in. veneer; the laser­ cut pieces were then stacked three high with Ys-in. spacers between them for trunks. The resulting "trees" look some­ thing like windswept Monterey . San Francisco architect Marc Gold­ stein, a curatOr of the ALA exhibition, ran into problems raising funds fo r the show. Goldstein and co-curatOr Thomas Aidala asked fo r a $500,000 budget. They gOt $200,000, and were conse­ quently unable to realize all of their plans. POtts' original estimate for the models was $120,000 (a bid he now considers low), but he was backed down ro $100,000 when the fi nal budget came through. Yet Potts still insisted­ over Goldstein's admonitions-on in­ cluding all the intricate detail. The models were seven months in the mak­ ing, with as many as sixteen people working on them. POtts says he lost money. (The ALA hopes to find a donor to buy the models for the National Building Museum in Washington, D.C., Th e interior of Potts' City Hall dome is done to a standard that matches the workman­ from which sale they would recover ship of the craftsmen who buil t the original. On fa cing page, a Vi ctorian house. their own expenses and pay POttS the re­ mainder of his original bid.) him a certain fre shness of approach to Goldstein remarked to me that both the ALA project. ''I've lear�ed every­ modelmaking and conventional archi­ thing by the seat of my pants," he says. tectural drafting have a limited future. "A problem comes up, you draw from Architectural plans can now be drawn anywhere to solve it." Some of this cre­ simply by feeding the appropriate infor­ ative pragmatism is evident in the wide mation into a computer. From those range of techniques used in making the plans, computer graphic systems can models. The Ciry Hall dome was coo­ put tOgether a 3D picture of a building pered tOgether, then routed ro its final that can then be rotated and examined shape with a clever jig that could be from all angles. But Goldstein believes pivoted on two axes. Columns were that models will continue to be used­ turned on a metal lathe and fluted on a many clients feel more comfortable machine. The relief of Golden looking at a solid, complete object than Gate Park was stack-laminated, after they do being taken on an animated which the contours were stepped off on tOur by a host of microcircuits. Yet he is the mill, in accordance with a tOPO­ also confident that the new technology graphical map. The steps were then will develop its own aesthetic. There rounded over with a sander. will always be people, like Don POttS, The most exotic technique used on who find ways touse new tOols to make the models was laser-carving, a technol­ things of beaury. ogy POtts had not heard of when he be­ 0 gan the project. Looking back, he is at a Museum visitors lend a sense of scale to Michael Peal'ce is a professional fur­ loss as to how he would have managed the 9-ft . Golden Ga te Brid ge. nituremaker in San Francisco.

61 Keeping the "Poplars" Straight Many woods, good for many different things byJon WArno

o be told at the lumberyard that the board you are about ; . to buy is poplar may be only slightly more helpful than Tto be assured that it is wood. The name poplar and the back­ woods corruption of this term, popple, are applied to many different kinds of lumber in various regions of the country. Embroiled in the confusion are some dozen or more species belonging to fo ur genera in twO totally separate botanical families: the magnolia family, Magnoliaceae, and the family, Salicaceae, as shown in the chart on p. 64. Your B lumber dealer probably doesn't know which species he has­ to some extent he's at the mercy of the mill from which he buys his wood. The best clue to the wood's identity may be the part of the countty it came from. My first exposure ro poplar came several years ago when I purchased a few board feet from a mail-order house. It was absolutely beautiful srock, arriving in nice wide boards with almost pure white sapwood and an olive-green heartwood streaked with chocolate brown. Some time later I ran across poplar advertised at an unbelievably low price from another mail-order house and I bought in quantity. Alas, it was a completely different wood. Both the sapwood and heartwood were creamy white in color, with a lot of tension wood, and the boards were no wider than 8 in. It even smelled different, reminding me of stale aspirin. Both woods ultimately proved useful for rotally different purposes and 1'd gladly buy both again, but this experience launched me on a determined quest ro learn what I could about the poplars, so I would at least know what had arrived when I gOt my future mail-orders. c--�

The magnolia family-My first purchase turned Out ro have been yellow-poplar or tulip tree, Liriodendron tulipi fe ra , a B ---....--'c.,...,.,FJ----,-,"'; member of the magnolia family native ro the lower midwest, mid-Atlantic and southern states. Poplar shipped from mills A in this region or referred ro as tulip-poplar probably is this -----;.:>.Jc:-�� species. The tulip tree is a fa st grower, and under the right conditions it produces a tall, clear trunk, so that boards up ro 12 in. wide are fa irly common. The tuliptree and sycamore vie for distinction as the largest of the deciduous trees east of the Mississippi. Tuliptree's huge size was once put ro use by some Indian tribes for making dugout canoes. Although truly giant specimens are now rare, young stands are more common than ever. One reason that tuliptree is so plentiful is that it occupies the same ecological niche as the , and it has taken over many sites where chestnut once predominated. Although the price of yellow-poplar seems ro be increasing faster than other woods, it is a cabinet wood in its own right and still a good buy. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Wood Handbook, the correct commercial name is yellow-poplar, but unfortunately it is neither yellow in color nor, as we shall see, a true poplar. Yellow-poplar is a soft, diffuse-porous, fine-textured

62 Cottonwood

Quaking Leaves shown Leaves allow quick identification of living trees, but the woodworker half-size. must relv on subtle differences in the boards to tell these species apart. wood. It's easy to work and stable, and it takes a good finish. them have so many local and regional names that each tree It has a very subdued figure, much like birch except for its ends up having more aliases than a con-man. noticeably green color (sometimes streaked with brown, black My second purchase of "poplar" was actually aspen, and or purple), which in time may turn deep brown. should have been sold as such-the wood from the two , Tuliptree was a new species to the European colonists. quaking aspen and bigtooth aspen, is potentially troublesome Wiped out in Europe by the Ice Age, it is native now only to because it's loaded with tension wood. This is not always easy the United States, with one very similar species fo und in to spot in the unfinished board, bur the minute it is stained southern China. In Colonial times the massive logs were often the surface becomes fuzzy or blotchy in appearance, and usu­ sawn so as to segregate the dark heartwood from the sap­ ally ends up looking like a very amateurish staining job. All wood. The sapwood was referred to as whitewood, and was of the true poplars have this problem to some degree, but the used in furniture as a secondary wood for drawer sides and aspens are the worst. If the surface chips in planing or be­ interior parts. This same technique can still be used by the comes fuzzy while sanding, you can expect it to stain uneven­ frugal cabinetmaker to create a piece of furniture that is solid ly, even after you think you've sanded all the fuzziness out. yellow-poplar, yet appears to be made of two different woods. The aspens have the finest texture of all the woods in the Another member of the magnolia family, Magnolia actt­ genus . The wood is a vety light cream color, almost minata, or cucumbertree, is sometimes mistakenly marketed white, with little contrast between sapwood and heartwood. with tuliptree as yellow-poplar. They are botanically close rel­ The heartwood may have a slight gray cast and show streaks atives and their wood is almost identical. A sharp-eyed timber of a rusty or reddish-brown color around knots or where the grader looks for a lighter-colored sapwood in cucumbemee. wood has been damaged, but no greenish cast. It is soft and The woodworker can distinguish both from the true poplars rather bland in figure, and fo r pieces that will be either paint­ by their greenish heartwood. Under a lOx hand lens, as ed or left unfinished, it is a reasonable choice as the primary shown on the facing page, look for a fine whitish line separat­ wood. You can pur on a clear finish, bur plan to do a lot of ing the annual rings in the end grain. This line is formed by a sanding between coats. row of small cells called parenchyma. When these cells appear Aspen shrinks fairly uniformly in drying, and is quite sta­ as a line separating the annual rings, they are called terminal ble compared to other woods and even other members of the parenchyma. The line is clearly definedin both tuliptree and willow family. This makes it a good secondary wood fo r cucumbemee, while in the true poplars it is indistinct. drawer sides and panels where any appreciable swelling can pose a problem. With an average specific gravity (SG) of 0.35 The and true poplarS-These belong to the Sali­ (oven dty), aspen is softer than yellow-poplar, 0.42 SG, and it caceae fa mily, a broad grouping that includes many species, compares to white pine, 0.34 SG, in being easy to work, bur it some of which are mistakenly sold as poplar. When freshly is far superior in resistance to splitting when being nailed. It is CUt or slightly damp, most species in this family have a char­ a wood that will not splinter, making it a prime choice fo r acteristic odor, an acidic, vinegary smell similar to damp aspi­ children's toys-and sauna seats, too. rin. In fact, the willows are a natural source for the salicylic Also in the genus Populus of the willow family are the acid used in aspirin. When the wood is thoroughly dry, the cottonwoods. Several trees have such similar wood that they odor disappears, but it may return under humid conditions. can all be considered together. Unlike the aspens, the cotton­ The willows and their cousins the true poplars are far more woods have a tendency to be semi-ring-porous. To be sure, similar to each other than any of them are to yellow-poplar, they are not as large-pored as the and the ashes, but they and are difficultto tell apart in photomacrographs. Yet each have enough variation in the size of the earlywood and wood has subtle visual clues to its identity, and there are sig­ latewood pores to produce a distinct figure when stained. The nificant differences in their workability. semi-ring-porous nature of cottonwood is easy to spot on the One branch of the family, the genus Populus, contains the unfinished surface of a board by holding the board up to a aspens, the poplars and the cottonwoods, and virtually all of bright light in the same way you would examine a freshly

Photos from Under.rtanding Wood, The Taunton Press; drawings: Christopher Clapp 63 THE "POPLARS" AND OTHER PRETENDERS Family Genus Species Common name Lumber Lumber characteristics Magnolia Liriodendron tubpifera Tuliptree Yellow-poplar Close-grain/diffuse-porous, white sap­ (Magnoliaceae spp.) wood, greenish hearrwood. Sof r, but Magnolia acu1llinata Cucumbertree slightly harder than other "poplars." Salix nigra Black willow Willow Semi-ring-porous/open-grain, very Willow (and others) (other willows) similar ro the cotronwoods. Black (Salicaceae spp.) willow has dark-colored hearrwood. balsamifera Balsam poplar (balm-of-Gilead) Semi-ring-porous, very soft, cream­ deltoides Eastern cotronwood colored sapwood, light grayish ("eastern poplar") Cottonwood heartwood. Can make an attractive Swamp COt ron wood primary wood if tension wood is Populus heterophylla avoided. Nice figure when stained. trichocarpa Black cotronwood

Bigtooth aspe Close-grain/diffuse-porous, white grandidentata color with rust-brown streaks around ("popple") . Aspen knots and blemishes. Tension wood tremuloides Quakmg aspen very common. Soft, easy to work. ("popple") J Stable, makes good secondary wood. varnished surface for dust sPOts. As a result of its coarser tex­ price of $2.00 or more a board fo ot is not unreasonable. ture, the wood is not as lustrous as that of the aspens. COt­ Aspen and, in some areas, cottonwood are the most plenti­ tOnwood is also not as stark white in color as aspen, and ful and least expensive of the true poplars. The aspens are generally produces a cream-colored sapwood and slightly gray "camp-followers of disaster" in that their favorite habitat is heartwood, which often has a very slight greenish cast. prepared fo r them when a fo rest is Cut over or burned. In this While the cottonwoods are similar, they are not identical. sense they have benefited mightily from the arrival of Europe­ Some balsam poplar I recently bought from a mill in the an man and are now more common in pure stands than they Upper Peninsula of Michigan was darker in color and more probably have ever been. Although the aspens are relatively open-grained than cottonwoods I had purchased from other short-lived and eventually overtaken by the conifers and sources. So far it's my favorite "poplar," and I'd like more of hardwoods which fo rm the climax fo rest, they are fast-grow­ it. I wouldn't buy it green, though-it'S hard to dry. ing and a valuable resource for today's cabinetmaker. One final group of species should be thrown into the con­ Quaking aspen is native to most of Canada fr om coast to fusion: the willows,of which there are many. While not coast, and to the northern United States, while bigtOoth aspen members of the genus Po pulus, the willows are more closely is an eastern tree, but their ranges overlap in the Great Lakes related to the aspens and the cottonwoods than is the tulip­ region and the St. Lawrence basin. Woodworkers who live in tree. At least they belong to the same family. Technically they a region where aspen is common can save money by using it should never be marketed as poplar, but occasionally they are. in place of the typical No.2 ponderosa pine. Bought "run-of­ From the user's standpoint, little harm is done, since the mill," ungraded and green, directly from a local sawmill in woods of willow and cottonwood are very similar. Normally, reasonably large quantities-say, 100 to 500 board fe et-as­ willow will be darker in color. This is because black willow, pen can be had for $.40 a board fo ot or less. In fact, on Salix nigra, is the most important of the willows in com­ orders for more than a couple of thousand board feet, half merce: it's the largest and most plentiful. If you've been that price would be a good place to start bargaining. shipped black willow instead of cottonwood, don't complain. If kiln-dried and surfaced, aspen and cottOnwood in the Black willow, while soft like all of the woods described here, better grades- o. 1 and better-should sell by mail-order for makes a very nice primary wood. Its dark, brown-gray color is between $1.00 and $1.50 per board foot. If you shop sometimes dark enough to nOt require staining, and its semi­ around, buy in fa irly large quantities and haul it yourself, ring-porous grain gives it a soft-spoken figure. you'll be able to do better. The genus Populus includes some of the fastest-growing Price and availability-Virtually all of the so-called poplars cold-tOlerant trees in the world, and hybridizing them for still are moderate to low in price, ranging from less than $.50 a faster growth has become a high-priority project among tree board foot to more than $1.50. As with any lumber, the geneticists. There is real promise that from this work may price depends on the grade, the amount of processing that has come the "super tree" of the future. gone into it, and the quantity you purchase. It's important not to let one experience with a wood called Yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tu lip ifera , i.e., tulip-poplar) poplar create a fixed opinion about what poplar is and what is rising in price. It's still sold by several mail-order sources at it's good for. The truth is, it's good for many things, because $1.00 to $1.50 a board foot, but if you don't live in its it's many woods. Discovering them and learning the unique native range, shipping COStS will likely make it no cheaper qualities of each is not only challenging, it is enjoyable. 0 than the common local hardwoods in your area. One of the advantages of yellow-poplar is that you can get wide boards Jon W. Arno, of Brookfield, Wis., is an amateur wood­ with especially attractive heartwood color. For such stuff a worker. He wrote about elm in FWW #25, pp . 86-89.

64 Yo ur Own Hardware Hand-workedMaking brass beats the store-bought stuff by David Sloan

hy let a limited selection of brass 1: hinges force you to compromise Fig. Tu lip-finial hinge theW design of a project? You can have any style hinge you like if you make it yourself. The work is not difficult, even if you have no metalworking experience. All you need, in addition ro regular () woodworking rools, are a jewelers' saw and blades, a set of needle files, a pro­ pane or an acetylene rorch, silver solder () and flux. The example here is a simple brass strap hinge with tulip finials, bur the Fig. 2: Bird's-mouth techniques I'll describe apply ro any glow with a torch, fo llowed by a quick /" kind of brass hardware. Hinges can be quenching in cool water. Picking a constructed with a pin inserted through hardness range depends on how much looped knuckles, or with a simple pivot cutting and shaping your design re­ pin. You can devise all manner of quires. Quarter-hard is a good grade ro hinges, locks, pulls and handles, each start with, since you can anneal it or tailored ro your project. work-harden it as required, bur don't The color and workability of brass hesitate to use any available piece of make it the right metal for hardware brass whose hardness is unknown. making, though copper, silver, alumi­ Brass sheet srock comes in various num and steel are certainly acceptable. sizes, and in thicknesses measured by Brass is sold in dozens of different al­ gauge numbers: loys, bur one called CA-260, which is 24 gao 0.020 in. with. The saw should cut on the pull 70% copper and 30% zinc, offers the 20 gao 0.032 in. stroke, so when you insert the blade, combination of strength and workability 16 gao 0.051 in. make sure that the teeth are pointed ro­ demanded for hand-working. It buffs ro 11 gao 0.09 1 in. ward the handle. The blade needs plen­ a rich, yellow luster. Brass comes in five Rod, tube and bar srock are available in ty of tension, roo. To accomplish this, hardness ranges: dead-soft, quarter-hard, all sizes and shapes as well, usually in adjust the frame's blade opening so it's half-hard, hard, and spring. Like most increments of in. or Ys in. See the sup­ X in. ro X; in. larger than the length of metals, brass work-hardens, that is, it plies box at lefXst for mail-order sources. the blade or piece of blade (broken gets tougher as you bend and hammer I start my hinges by transferring a blades of sufficient length may be its crystalline structure int o smaller, drawing of the shape roa piece of an­ reused). With the blade mounted in the tighter patterns. To soften it again, you nealed 16-ga. sheet stock, allowing front clamp, press the front end of the anneal it by heating it ro a cherty-red about Xs in. extra length for the fingers, frame against the bench, bending it ro­ __ which later will be looped into the ward the handle enough to catch the Sources of Supply ___ _ _ knuckles of the hinge. Draw the fingers blade in the rear clamp. When you re­ Cardinal Engineering Inc., RR 1, Box 163-2, directly on the metal with a jewelers' or lease the pressure, the frame will spring Knoxville, Ill. 61448. Brass, steel and ' scriber and square. It's im­ back, tensioning the blade. A properly aluminum sheet; rod and bar stock. portant that the fingers be square and tensioned blade responds with a clear, Paul H. Gesswein & Co., 255 Hancock accurate, or gaps berween the knuckles musical "ping" when plucked. Ave., Bridgeport, Conn. 06605. Jewelers' will result. Clamp the work ro the benchrop so tools and supplies, including saws, files, A jewelers' saw-a small, adjustable­ that the section being sawn projects over scribers, solder, and polishing material. similar ro a -is used the edge, or else make a bird's-mourh, Kitts Industrial Tools, 22384 Grand River ro saw our the hinges. Jewelers' blades as shown in figure 2, ro better suppOrt Ave., Detroit, Mich. 482 19. Metalwork­ ing tools, including tapS and dies, measur­ are vety fine and easily broken, bur the work. This makes cutting somewhat ing and marking instruments, and drills. they're cheap and sold by the dozen, so easier, particularly with thin stock or Small Parts Inc., PO Box 381736, Miami, it's best ro purchase at least that many where a piercing cur is made in the mid­ Fla. 33138. Brass sheet; rod and bar for one job. For cutting sheet brass, a dle of a piece. When sawing, keep the stock; small fasteners. fine-rooth No. 2 blade is good ro start blade perpendicular ro the surface of the

65 ing the part and melting the solder into Fig. 3: Forming the knuckles the joint. Soldered joints are well up catch, three Cut knuckle tabs to the loads most furniture hardware A with a jewelers ' saw. must bear, and you can solder small hinges and a lock pieces together to form whatever shapes you want. First, clean the parts thor­ oughly with fine steel wool. On the Door catch: This spring-loaded catch, hinge shown here, I held the knuckle which I smithed for a fa ll-flap door, is ends in the right position fo r soldering essentially a three-sided box soldered to by simply bending the metal into place. a flat mounting plate. I made the box If you are soldering separate parts to­ by engraving V -grooves in flat brass gether, clamp or wire them in their stOck and then fo lding the metal along the mitered grooves. A bead of silver Loop knuckles around proper position. Then brush on silver­ wire or nail, wh ich solder flux-usually a borax compound solder reinforces the . The later serves as catch bolt is soldered to a piece of brass hinge pin. that chemically cleans the metal and promotes adhesion and flow-being care­ rod drilled to accept the steel pivot pin, ful to wet only the parts of the joint that which fits loosely so that it can be driven out for disassembly. I soldered a pin to you want to solder. Cut the silver solder the bottom of the box to anchor the into tiny pieces and arrange them along spring; the top of the spring nestles in a the joint, as close to the mating surfaces dimple drilled in the underside of the as possible. Play your torch quickly over catch bolt. The wooden activating but­ Heat the join t the joint at first,until the parts heat up. ton, which slides in a mortise, is beveled until the small pieces of silver Then concentrate the flame right on the for leverage on the catch bolt. The strike solder flow joint. When it reaches the melting plate is sawn from the same stock as the smoothly. point, the solder will flow all at once, mounting plate. and you're done. When the solder has -Ian J. Kirby , Bennington, Vt . cooled, a drill passed through the knuckles will clear the pin hole of any ! I excess solder. II II Next, true up the soldered hinge I' I' II halves with files and fit them together. I /1 - I This is a trial-and-error procedure and it If -.J helps to hold the twO pieces up to a Full site light to see where material must be re­ moved. Once the pieces fit, you may Stock. After sawing, clean up the hinge still have to drill or bend the knuckles Scribe V-grooves with engraving tool. then with files, checking the fingers carefully slightly to get the pin in. Oiling the pin fold groove into miters to form three-sided fo r square. helps. Once you've inserted the pin, you box. Solder this to mounting pla te. I bend each finger separately to form can close up slight gaps between the the knuckles. A nail or a wire about knuckles by gently tapping at either end Catch pivots on in. in diameter makes a good bend­ with a small mallet. steel pin. ing;"';6 form. This will later become the When the two halves fit satisfactori­ hinge pin. Start each bend with a pair of ly, use a fine file to smooth Out the pliers, wrapping the fingeraround the knuckles, and make sure that the outer pin (figure 3), completing the bend by surfaces are parallel. Make any addi­ squeezing the knuckle in a vise whose tional bends your special hinge may re­ jaws have been covered with wood or quire, but keep in mind that you can't aluminum to protect the brass from anneal after soldering, so don't over­ marring. You should be able to make work the metal. Cut the hinge pin to all these bends without having to anneal length and peen the ends slightly to the brass again. When all the fingers are hold it in place. Finally, drill and coun­ bent around the pin, a final clamping of tersink holes for the mounting screws. Rosewood button in all knuckles in the vise at once draws To clean away the residue left from mortise releases catch. them up tight. annealing and soldering, polish up your With the knuckles bent, I remove the work with progressively finer grits of pin and then silv er-solder the ends of wet sandpaper and steel wool, and, if the knuckles to the back of the hinge, you want a high polish, finish up with for appearance and strength. Silver-sol­ rouge on a buffing wheel. dering diffe rs from soft-soldering in that 0 the solder has a much higher melting David Sloan is an actor in New York point. You also heat the part and the City, and operates a part-time wood­ solder at the same time, instead of heat- working and metalworking business.

66 --...-...--Radius matches router or drill bit. Knife hin ges: These knife hinges, which I made fo r a drop-front desk, can be tailored to fit any door where a small, unobtrusive hinge is wanted. I start with

Va-in. thick, rough brass blanks slightly Peen over head larger than the fi nished size of the with hammer. hinges. I locate the holes in one knife with a scriber and center punch, drill the holes and then use this as a master tem­ #2/0 steel taper pin plate to transfer hole locations to the other knives. A #2/0 steel taper pin, available from industrial supply houses, serves as the pivot. Once I've drilled all the holes, I clamp the knives together, using 4d finish nails as locators, and then file the hinge to its final shape. -Tim Simonds, Ch ico, Calif Pin fi ts5/16 snugly-in. brass in %4-in. washer hole.

Fall-flap hinge: Good fall-flap hard­ /" I \ ware is always hard to find, so I made a 10% _ pair of these hinges for a desk I de­ '" signed. I sawed the hinge parts Out of ilLii. �l �1!8 :Xs-in. by 1 Ys-in. brass bar stock, cut­ , ) 3¥a � ting, fitting and test-pinning the angled t ��. knuckles before shaping the rest of the hinge. The 550 angle on the flap-side Hinge knuckles filed knuckle is critical, to keep the hinge at 55°- and pinned from binding when the flap is closed. I . �with. -brass pin encountered one problem in soldering: J small parts, the pivot brackets for ex­ � Va ample, floated out of position on a river 55 of molten solder. When clamping isn't possible, I juSt tack the parts in place Section with brass pins and then solder the joint. across mortise -Randall Torrey, Scottsville, N. Y.

Cam lock: When I built grandfather clocks for each of my 12 grandchildren, I designed this cam lock to hold the pendulum door closed. The parts can be of brass or steel, silver-soldered to­ gether. I turned the shank on a lathe and cobbled the bearing block from a single piece of metal. The lock is oper­ ated from the side rather than the front of the case. I made my own brass key, but you can size the square part of the shank to fit the same key that winds Door unlocked. the clock. A small section of brass tub­ Door locked. Cam pushes ing driven into the keyhole serves as an door open. escutcheon. -Ra ymond H. Haserodt, Lyndhurst, Ohio

Strike Bearing block � Snap nng holds shank ,1 Cam in bearing block. ���1 (full size) Wo oden Eyeglass FraOles Making a speaacle of yourself

by Howard Bruner

y original motivation for carving a pair of eyeglass exceedingly strong, dense wood, so I picked iron bark to pro­ frames was economic as well as aesthetic. The first pair duce the pair I wear now. wasM native walnut reclaimed from a trophy base. I started with the basic shape of my metal aviator-type frames, exactly The faceplate-The faceplate must be shaped according to duplicating the inner dimensions to fit my lenses. From there critical dimensions (figure 1). The distance between the I added a nose-straddling eagle linked to a bear, a weasel, a bridge edges of the lenses (D.B.L.) and the pupillaty distance rabbit, a squirrel, an owl and the profile of a native Ameri­ (the distance between pupils, dead center) are extremely im­ can-all on the faceplate. One temple had a dragon breathing portant. It is best to work with an optometrist, if you can find fire, the other an organic motif. one interested in the challenge. There is also the parabolic Although wearing such flamboyant spectacles never fails to curve and the panascopic tilt to be considered. The first is the provoke extreme reactions, carving your own fr ames can be shallow curve across the faceplate from temple to temple. It is rewarding. I've worn wood on my face for eight years now, slight but important for accurate positioning of the lenses in and I think that anyone with a flair for individuality will find relation to the eye. The panascopic tilt is the vertical angle wooden eyeglass frames stylish and practical. Wood has been between the plane of the lenses and the temples. This varies used for eyeglass frames almost as long as people have been from 72 0 to 800. Lastly there is the base curve of the lens, putting lenses in front of their eyes to improve sight, and it the curve of its outer face, which determines the shape of the remained an alternative material until the Industrial Revolu­ rabbet the lens fits into. I gauged the critical dimensions from tion. Considering the many attractive wood species currently the metal originals on the first fr ames I made, and faked available, and the high cost of metal and plastic frames, wood them on my second and third attempts. is worth taking seriously. You can make the frames first and then have the lenses The wood you choose is critical. It must be strong and dimensioned and ground to fit, but it's not easy to find a even-grained. I have used walnut, Oregon myrtlewood and creative optician willing to do this sort of work. It's easiest to iron bark. I found walnut to be a little heavy and brittle. have the lenses ground first and then to carve the frames us­ Oregon myrtlewood solved the weight and breakage prob­ ing the lenses as templates. I have fo und twO ways to make lems as well as being, from my experience, one of the ·finest the frames, and will describe both. carving woods available. Iron bark is a shipwrights' choice for railings and other exposed areas on ships. This wood is heavy One-piece frames-The simplest method is to carve the en­ and oily, somewhat like teak. Its worst characteristic is a ten­ tire faceplate from a solid piece of wood. But because the dency to check and warp. My latest frame design called for an sides of the frames are short grain and thus liable to crack, the

Fig. 1: Eyeglass frames Fig. 2: Alternative construction, a joined faceplate

Make sure the pin will be cen tered in the finiShed frame.

Epoxy the hinge into a mortise in the Templetemple, and glue and screw it to a rabbet in the fa cepla te. Shim area ------=== � 68 Parabolic curve Rough out the fa ceplate, sawing the outline and the curve across the fa ce from temple to temple. Then cope out the lens holes and carve the lens rabbet, test-fitting often, as above. The rabbets fo r the temple hinges, below, are chiseled'fo r a neat /it.

lenses themselves must provide structural support. Plastic hook behind the ear, and it's best to copy the shape from lenses are best because they add flexible strength to the another pair of temples you already know to be comfortable. frames and because they let you use less wood than heavier If you do not have a model, you can use cardboard templates. glass lenses will allow. Heavy fr ames and lenses have an an­ In thin sections, wood loses its elasticity, and in time the tem­ noying tendency to slip down on your nose. Until the lenses ples may begin to fit loosely, requiring an adjustment. My of a one-piece fa ceplate are finally cyanoacrylated into place, solution is to mortise the metal hinges (pirated off a pair of the frames must be handled gingerly. plastic frames, but also available fr om an opticians' supply The first woodworking operation is to rough Out a design house) into the temples and to rabbet them into the faceplate. in the faceplate blank. I bandsaw the outline with a narrow This allows minimal play and enough clearance to shim be­ blade, and cut the inner holes for the lenses with a portable tween the frame and temple when necessary. Another prob­ saber saw. A saw will work well too. I use an X-acto lem is the fit over the nose. Leave a little extra wood in the knife, chisels and files to fu rther define the design. Begin at bridge, making final adjustments with fme files and razor the bridge, making sure the fit on the nose is comfortable knives, or with sandpaper. before turning to the lens area. Setting the lenses in rabbets Before mounting the lenses, sand and finish the fr ames. on the inside of the faceplate is the most demanding part of I've used polyurethane, the only problem with which is on the project. Work from the bridge toward each temple, carv­ the nose saddle, where skin oils and perspiration are concen­ ing the rabbet to conform to the shape of the lens, not only trated enough to break down the finish. its outline but its face, or base curve. The qualiry of the glue Durability is affected by grain orientation, species of wood bond depends on uniform contact with the frame around the and the quality of the joints. Wood was originally rejected in entire lens. It is also critical that the lenses not be tilted verti­ favor of stronger, more consistent materials suitable for mass cally in relation to one another. production. Anyone willing to create a pair of wooden frames should be prepared to treat the investment with care, because Lap-mitered frames-To avoid the disadvantages of having they are breakable. But remember, too, that they are usually weak short-grain on the sides of the frames and of having to repairable. My history of wearing wood is crowded with rely on the lenses for strength, you can make the two frame smashes and fractures. In one of the more memorable in­ sides from long-grain members. These are joined to the face­ stances, a bus literally ran them down. Dodging traffic, I plate with pinned, lapped miter joints, as shown in figure 2. gathered all the pieces-the lenses, miraculously, were hardly The critical thing here is that the pins end up in the middle of scratched-and with patience and epoxy I had them on my the final thickness of the frame. Draw the shape of the frames face again in twO hours. Frames of the other commonly used on the blank before locating the pin. materials would not have been repairable at all. 0 Temples and hinges-When the faceplate is shaped, rough Howard Bruner is a profe ssional woodworker in Astoria, out the temples. Temples have a compound curve where they Ore. Photos by the author.

69 Color and Wo od Dyeing for a change

In design, color can carry as much weight as fo rm by Roger Holmes does. Alphonse Mattia used aniline dyes to distin­ guish the triangular elements of his coffee-table top .

ver since the current craft revival floated to America on a Twenty years ago, many designers would have been em­ sea of Danish oil, clear wood finisheshave seemed sacro­ barrassed or outraged if it were suggested that they had been sanct.E Nothing should be allowed to obscure the natural influenced by work fr om the past. The Modern Movement, beauty of the wood. Design should serve it; workmanship the dominant force in mid-20th-centuty design, had little use should enhance it, not get in its way. Nature provided ample for histoty. Architecture and design ought to reflect the spirit color, how could it be improved? Staining wood was decep­ of its age, not be constructed of used parts from another. tive, painting it positively immoral. The best finish, we all The Post-Modern Movement has rejected this, and many seemed to agree, was the one you couldn't see. other tenets of the Modern Movement. Post-Modern design­ This is beginning to change. Colored wood is elbowing in ers quarty the past for inspiration and material-anything with colorful wood in galleries and at exhibitions everywhere. from a concept to a column-just as the Romans mined the At last December's Brookfield (Conn.) Craft Center's exhibi­ Greeks, and the Renaissance mined the Romans. Any period tion, Color/Wood, stain and paint practically drowned natu­ is fair game today. Brookfield exhibitor John Dunnigan, ral beauty. searching for something different in leg-to-stretcher connec­ James Schriber, a woodworker in New Milford, Conn., by tions for his round table, fo und inspiration in the Deco de­ way of Boston University, organized the show. He'd been signs of the 19 20s. Suburban styles and pop culture of the toying with paint, and he knew others who were on the color 1950s and early '60s are favored by other designers-Wendy brink, or already over it. Tired of seeing the same old stuff at Maruyama borrowed Mickey Mouse's ears, and his color, fo r exhibitions, he decided to focus the show on color. the tall chair she exhibited at Brookfield. There was colorful wood, colored wood and color on wood. Pirated elements are seldom used as they were in the origi­ There were dyes, chemical stains, lacquers, enamel paint, nal. Instead of a Doric column, we get an abstract column, auto-body paint, primer, even printers' ink. One end of the flattened Out, painted or pasted on a surface. Stripped of their color spectrum was staked out by Silas Kopfs marquetty ta­ original purposes, separated from fa miliar surroundings, the ble-painting with wood, rather than on it. The competition elements can be used as symbols or used for their decorative was stiff for occupation of the other end of the spectrum. I qualities. This can be subtle or blatant, playful or serious. thought Ed Zucca's silver-painted table, which looked like it When it's done well, the whole is greater than the sum of its was made of metal, right down to the rivets, was the winner. pilfered parts. Form and color are chosen to evoke a feeling or There's nothing new about coloring wood. The Egyptians a mood, as well as for utility. Form that once followed func­ painted it, the Chinese lacquered it, medieval Christians cov­ tion can now fo llow fashion. ered it with gold leaf. In the 19th centuty, Lambert Hitch­ Schriber's hall table (p. 72) is a good example of Post­ cock stenciled gold fruits and flowerson his black-painted Modernism in practice. The base presents a series of views of side chairs. In the early 20th centuty, the Bloomsbuty set that basic architectural element, the column, flattened as in an painted large, bright patterns on simple furniture for the fash­ elevation drawing or a pilaster. At the right end, we see the ionable intelligentsia. No matter how fresh or outrageous any column full face, complete with cornice and plinth. The other use of color seems, it's almost certain to have been done before. twO legs present it in prome, but the leg at the left has swollen

70 Tom Loeser brushed a white enamel base coat on the large surfaces his chair, above, black on its edges. He daube:/ on the thin enamel sp eckles with a natural sponge, letting each color drybe­ fo re adding the next. John Marcoux used bold colors to articulate the triangulated base of his table, left . Th ree coats of carefu lly rubbed sh ellac serve as a ground for two top coats of enamel, sp rayed fr om an aerosol can.

Ed Zucca 's silver paint is straight fr om an aerosol can, too. He pre ­ pared the surface of his table, left, with several coats of sanding sealer. A clear-lacquer top coat protects against greasy fingers.

Rosanne Somerson smoothed the edges of the plywood top and shelf of her plant stand, above, with Bondo, before enameling with fo am brushes. The bars of color on the surfaces are thick paint, made with tiny stencils.

71 and sagged-a column demoted to baluster. Tables have legs, buildings have columns­ when table legs look like building columns, they give us something to think or smile about, while they're holding up the top. The table consists of flat pieces-the legs and horizontal connecting pieces are almost two-dimensional. The paint rein­ forces this flatness by hiding the wood's grain pattern and variations in hue, which can create an illusion of depth. The colors were carefully considered, too. Schriber looked for paint that was "the color brick turns as it ages and the green trim on old stOre fronts" to reinforce the architectural reference. Another Modernist dictum, truth to materials, is under fire from Post-Modernists. Ed Zucca's table, for example, stands truth to materials on its head-the paint not only hides the wood, but, along with the fo rm, suggests another material altogether. Michael Hutwitz's small carved vessel isn't quite what it seems to be either. Hutwitz wanted to make an object that appeared to have a rich histOry, or an unknown past. His vessel has the same evocative qualiry as aging objects whose histOry can be read in layers of peeling paint and scuffed surfaces. For me, this was one of the most satisfying pieces in the show. Color can obscure or clarify structure. The speckled paint on Tom Loeser's chair blurs the demarcations of the parts; planes merge with one another and edges disappear. It's no surprise, then, to see the chair folded flat and hung on a wall, like a '50s action painting. On the other hand, the brash, intense colors that John Marcoux and Alphonse Mattia used on their tables emphasize the structure. In his hall table, James Sch riber Several makers contrasted colored and natural wood. The was after 'the color brick turnsas it ages and the green trim on old store fro nts. ' bleached-ash legs of Rosanne Somerson's plant stand played off the vibrant colors of the top and shelf. John Dunnigan con-

Michael Hurwitz sanded through a heavy coat of white primer to traces of the carved wood surface beneath.

72 Bruce Beeken picked bland white-cedar fo r his simple chest, then decorated it with linoleum-block-printed apples

trasted a vivid purpleheart tOp with a base of highly polished, jet-black lacquer and pink cast-epoxy details. An earlier ver­ sion had a wenge base, but Dunnigan felt that even the sub­ dued figure of that very dark wood competed fo r attention with the form of the base. Bruce Beeken used about a dozen linoleum blocks to print the apples and leaves on his white-cedar chest. He spent some time fiddling with color mixes before deciding to use thick, oil-based printers' ink straight from the tube. The ap­ ples and leaves add the qualiry of spontaneous gestures to the rather severe chest. "I meant the chest to be a simple, imme­ diate thing, not very involved, not particularly esoteric," says Beeken. "I remembered a comment of Wendy Maruyama's about making elemental forms rather than complex, involved forms. Taking your perception of a chair and stripping it down to pure form-how you'd dream a chair. The chest was a stripped-down version of a box. The form and color sup­ plied just a little tOne to that, but as minimally as possible." Beeken's piece was a favorite of mine. Though 1 couldn't buy the chest (it sits now in a house in the middle of an apple orchard), 1 could see myself trying to make something like it. 1 might not be as successful, but 1 could count on having a good time trying. "P ainting frees you up," Schriber explains, "you don't have to worry about joinery, matching grain, what width the boards are. You can come up with any kind of form, and not have to rely on the same old shapes. We woodworkers end up worrying about things tOO much, over­ working things to death. With painted stuff, 1 know if 1 mess it up, 1 can put a little putry in it. It's fun. You can make something quick and enjoy working in the shop." There are, then, lots of reasons why people are painting furniture again. Old sryles, old rules begin to chafe, to wear thin. People get bored. The familiar, honest, natural wood surface has become commonplace, often a cliche-what you see is what you get. Apply color and you can't be sure, there's a little mystery, maybe a little fun. Fifteen coats of lacquer give John Dunnigan's table a gleaming, 0 bottomless black finish. He made his own molds to cast the dainty pink fe et and trim of epoxy resin. Roger Holmes is assi stant book editor at Taunton Press .

73 Stnall New England Clocks Minimal cases hide elegant works

byJi m Cummins

he clock shown at fa r left is popu­ larly known roday as a banjo clock, Tbur when American clockmaker Simon Willard patented it-both the mecha­ Butt joint nism and the case design-in 1802, he called it his Patent Timepiece, and it made his name as famous as that of his compatriot, Paul Revere. The brass movement is elegantly simple, accurate, Butt joint Perimeter and long-lived (many of Willard's time­ pieces are Glue block pieces are still ticking today), bur the glued and nailed to case construction is another story. Popu­ backboard lar taste demanded richness and detail, (not shown). while the average pocketbook demand- ed a low price. The compromise, as shown in the drawing at left, was a Miter clock case made with no fuss about the joinery but with a good deal of surface gleam. The bottom is dovetailed, bur the rest of the clock is butt-joined, with the mahogany pieces held together by pine glue blocks. Willard's design so captured the American fa ncy that his patent was pirated extensively by his competition as well as by his own ap­ prentices. A version by Nathaniel Mon­ roe, for example, shown at left, varies the case only slightly and, to avoid a possible patent violation, has Willard's own movement design mounted upside down behind the dial, which required only minor modifications. Willard's burt joints and glue blocks aren't the apex of woodworking, but the case shows sophistication in the eco­ nomical ways its parts combine to create an apparent wealth of detail. The top­ most decorative bead on the plinth, for instance, is not integral bur an applied cap that's quick to make and stick on. The dainty bead at the back of the clock's entire perimeter is merely the edge of the full-length, X-in. mahogany back, which in fact is the strong spine on which the whole construction de­ pends-all the perimeter pieces are glued and nailed to it. The plinth block on top covers and strengthens a butt joint, and veneers cover the morrise-and-tenon joints on the door and center panel. Much of the decoration is reverse-paint­ ed glass rather than expensive figured Simon Willard's patented timepiece, 1805 . Monroe 's variation, 1815. wood. And the brasses, including the

74 Photos: Henry E. Peach, couccesy of Old Srurbridge Village requires a second, separately wound weight to power it. Thus a timepiece might run a' week, while its alarm might need winding daily. After the custOmer had chosen an ap­ propriate movement, the clock maker would usually send the mechanism off to an independent cabinetmaket to have the case made and decorated to suit the custOmer's taste and budget. A parlor clock required imported mahogany, im­ ported brasses, and the services of a gilder/painter for the glass paintings and the dial. Some clocks required that the cabinetmaker hire a carver as well, after which the case would go to the fin­ isher to be polished up in the same manner as a piece of furniture. Each of Simon Willard, 1753-1848. these steps added to the expense. The clocks shown at right and below contain bezel, might be made of gilded wood if standard movements, bur the cases suit brass were in short supply. The clock is a low budget, perhaps meant for an of­ no more than it has to be: The center fice or as a second clock in the servants' section and the box at the bottOm are quarters. In some instances, clock move­ juSt wide enough to allow the pendulum ments were sold with no case at all, the to swing from side to side, flashing the buyer having the option of seeing to the passing seconds through the unpainted case himself, or simply hanging the bare window in the glass. The dial is in pro­ movement and dial on the wall. Some portion to the size of the base, and the movements found their way to rural case is no longer than required by the cabinetmakers, and their cases were distance that the weight drops in eight made of local woods: walnut, cherry and days. The very bottOm of the case is dovetailed, but it's not wasted labor. In any weight-driven clock, the string holding the weight will eventually break and approximately eight pounds of lead will come crashing down. Willard's bot­ tOm construction is insurance against the inevitable-there will be an awful racket when the weight falls, but the case stands a chance of staying tOgether.

Before factories began mass-produc­ ing clocks, it tOok a diverse sociery to come up with the finished product. For a brass movement, like Willard's, the clock maker or an apprentice would cast and cut the gears, making up move­ ments with a variety of functions: A timepiece merely tells the time, and might run eight days, three days, or thirty hours, depending on the design and how much room there is in the case fo r the weights to fa ll. A clock, strictly speaking, must strike the hours, and not all timepieces are true clocks. (The word "clock" comes from the French word Coffin clocks are relatively undecorated, which allowed them to sell fo r less, even though they had basically the same accurate movement as the patented timepiece shown fo r bell.) An alarm might be JUSt a on the fa cing page. Though their clean lines appeal to modern tastes, they were timepiece or it might be a clock as well, probably meant as second clocks, to be hung in the servants' quarters or in the kitchen, and it could strike a bell, a block of while a grander version kept time in the par/or. Th e clock at left above shows the unsophisticated : lots of glue blocks hold the case to its fu ll-length backboard. In wood, or taut piano wires to create a va­ this clock, which is missing the separate weight that powered the alarm, the alarm's riety of sounds. In most cases, the alarm hammers strike a wooden block, visible at nine o 'clock, instead of a bell.

75 pine. If pine, rhe case was frequendy painted wirh false grain ro make ir look like a more expensive, more urban, wood.

In popular fashion, when Willard be­ gan making clocks, were imporred Eng­ lish bracker clocks, so called because rhey were small enough ro srand on a wall bracker. The secrer of rhe small size was rhar rhese clocks were powered by a coiled spring insread of a weighr, rhus rhey needed no long cases. The problem was rhar America had no manufacrurer of clock springs (and wouldn'r until rhe mid 19rh century), and imporring rhe springs was prohibirively expensive. Re­ sponding co rhe fashion, American clock makers began making rheir small clocks in bracker-case sryles and shapes, bur wirh a box added benearh ro con­ ceal rhe weighrs. The clock shown open and closed ar lefr was made by Simon Willard's younger brorher Aaron. As is rypical of many early clocks, rhe rop parr of rhe clock was fined wirh feer ro suggesr rhar rhe box benearh was a sup­ porring bracker. In contrasr ro rhe co­ herent designs of rail-case clocks, rhe disproporrionare look of many small American clocks may have been deliber­ are-rasre demanded rhar rhe halves look separare. The interior workmanship in mosr clock cases is minimal, as evidenced in rhe drawing on rhe facing page. Though many sranding clocks look like a series of carefully made, sracked boxes, mosr, including rhe rail ones, consisr of a fu ll­ lengrh back ro which rhe fancy cabinerry is arrached (FWW #26, pp. 67-71). Tall clocks require a cerrain amount of joinery ro keep rheir own weighr from breaking rhem aparr, and occasionally a case was made wirh lavish arrention ro every derail. Bur in general, Yankee rhrifr and fierce comperirion kepr rhe elegant gleam skin-deep. 0

Th is article was compiled with help from Rober t Cheney, of Brimfi eld, Mass., clock conservator, and Douglas Currie, of Sudbury, Mass. , consulting wood conservator. The clocks shown here were chosen from mor e than a hundred New England clocks on dis­ An eight-day lyre-case timepiece by Cu rtis play in the J. Ch eney Wells Clock and Dunning, above, made abottt 1830, shows a painting of Truth and Justice. Gallery at Old Sturbridge Village, At right, an Aaron Willard 30-hour alann Sturbridge, Mass. For more on how timepiece from about 1780, disguised clocks work, see FWW # 10, pp . 44- with fa lse fe et to suggest that it 's 51. For a movement and dial like a compact, sp ring-powered English import sitting on a separate box. When opened, Willard 's, write Kilbourne and Proc­ top photo, its fu ll-le ngth backboard reveals tor, 73 Worcester La., Wal tham, the visual trickery. Mass. 02 154.

76 Key Eli Terry, clockmaker, and Seth Thomas, Glue block Joshua Wilder sold this alarm timepiece, joiner, combined forces to make 4,000 above left , in 1813. The sides and top are tall-case clocks between 1807 and 1809, solid mahogany, but the fro nt is veneered which got them both started on the idea of Veneered on pine, as are the Jeet. Th e movement sits on mass-p roduction. In the early 1820s, Terry base a bracket fastened to the backboard, and is introduced this pillar-and-scroll case panel covered by a removable hood, a three-sided box design, above, which housed a new wooden that slides on dovetail keys. Th e l;8-in. movement. Thomas soon bought Terry 's rights, thick veneer on the door (not shown in the set up a actory, and found his fo rtune. drawing at left) overlaps the fra me, formin g The cloc/ was cheap and so popular that a rabbet fo r the glass. hand-craftsmen could not compete.

77 Hardwood, sofrwood, plywood, com­ 773-7531. Extensive hardwood and plete millwork, glued panels. Whole­ inventory, domestic and im­ LOCAL LUMBER DIRECTORY sale, retail. Large inventory. Amherst ported. Old growth redwood, Alaska Woodworking, orthampton. (4 13) yellow cedar, Porr Orford cedar, This directory is open to lumber dealers seeking local business. The 584-3003 kauri, sen, teak, East Indian laurel, rate is $ 3 per word, min. 15 words, max. 9 lines. For display classi­ Facrory Lumber Outlet, Rte. 140, Pacific madrone, macawood. AD koa, fi ed enclosed in a box, the rate is $ 150 per column-inch. Payment BoylstOn, MA 0 I 505. (6 17) 869- kuku, pau marfin, African padauk. must accompany order. Non-commissionable. Deadline is the 15th 2791. "Woods of the World". of the third month preceding issue date. Stocking over 70 species of exotic and PENNSYLVANIA precious wood. CustOm milling. Wide walnut lumber FAS S3/bd. ft. Quantity discoums apply. Call Gerry . ARIZONA domestic hardwoods, and Cambridge Lumber & Supply, 135 Gram, Gerrysburg, PA. (7 17) 334- millwork. Special on slab-cut coco­ Harvey Sr., Cambridge MA 02 140. 6020. bolo, 4/4 to20/4, S 10/bd. fr. (6 17) 876-4460. StOcking over 25 HARDBOSPWECIESOODS 4360 Nt I I th Ave., Ft. Lauderdale, species of exoric and domestic hard­ Woodcrafrers' Supply, Inc., 9509 Over 80 varieties of fine hardwood FL 33334. (05) 564-8365. woods. All FAS grade. Wide and Perry Hwy., PittSburgh, PA 15237. lumber -Plywood -Everything for the F. j. Firchen Foreign & Domestic long lengths. No minimum. (4 12) 367-4330. 54 species domestic professional and hobbyist -Discounts Hardwoods, 409-4 11 24th St., West and imporrcd lumbers. for commercial users. MISSOURI Palm Beach, FL 33407. (305) 833- Ausrin Hardwoods Philadelphia. AUSTIN HARDWOODS-Tucson 5777. Millwork. 2045 N Forbes . Tucson AZ 8S745 Hibdon Hardwood Inc., distributOrs Comprehensive stOck of fu rniture and 16021 622 7383 of fine hardwood lumb er, plywood, cabinet-grade hardwoods at reason­ veneers and millwork. CustOm hard­ able prices. 570 I Magnolia Sr., wood flooring and paneling. Kiln­ We have Florida's largest Philadelphia, PA. 848-966.3. HARDBO SPWECIEOODSS selection of exotic and native dried stock up to 16/4 in thickness. hard and soft wood�labl. �ab� 1539 Chouteau Ave., St. Louis, MO Hardwoods, wide range of thickness­ Over 80 varieties of fine hardwood veneers. etc. for the professional 63 103. (3 14) 62 1-771 1. es. KD warehouse stock. Minimum, lumber -Plywood -Everything for the and noYico. Send SSAE I",list 100. Buehler Lumber, Ridgway, PA professional and hobbyist -Discounts NEW HAMPSHIRE 15853. (8 14) 776-1121. for commercial users. HEN EGAN'S WOOD SHED ��=g�r�,;:m���Fl3341 Specialists in james Krenov's favorite AUSTIN HARDWOODS-Phoenox 1 RHODE ISLAND 1(\)1 E-" RIOld ...... li e PII<),'nl� AZ S'l()4() woods, ebony, and other rare species. (fi021 ) 11 191 Domestic and imported lumber, exo­ o order tOO small. Sold and seleCted Exeter Hardwoods, featuring wide tics, veneers. Hardwood Lumber by professional woodworkers. Mahog­ line of air-dried hardwoods including CALIFORNIA Sales, Inc., . ,128 Melson Ave., Jack­ any Masterpieces, Bear Brook State cherry, walnut, curly maple and sonville, FL .3 2205. (904) 356-0665 Park, RFD I, Wing Rd., Suncook, more. (40 I) 295- 1243. NH 03275. Visit us in sales-tax-free � '* ILLINOIS New Hampshire. (603) 736-8227. TENNESSEE . ,compltle store woodworkers HARDWOOD fOfCENTER Kiln-dried native hardwoods and ve­ Hardwoods of Memphis -2667 ... , Monadnock Forest Products, Inc. Kiln­ /" Exotic Lumber neers. Custom surfacing. The Hard­ jackson, Memphis; 2000 Elm Hill �;;...-: .' "1" Oomestic iumber dried domesric hardwoods from our �. .. ' wood ConneCtion, "Y our Complete Pike, Nashville.. . Everything for the - Stll, Pilrls r M sawmill in jaffrey, H 03452. (70 mi. Ii. . , L OVer separate Items Woodworking StOre", 420 Oak St., oodcrafter". Domestic and foreign A 3000 from Boston). (603) 532-601 1. \'(1 Eo--'=/ Founlain Valley, CA DeKalb, IL 60 115. (8 15) 758-6009. lumber, veneer, plywood, turning � squares. Over 60 species. (90 I) 452- (714) 540·7117 NEW JERSEY INDIANA 9663. Exotic and domestic woods, huge supplies. Veneers, basswood to 4 in. TEXAS thick. Marine plywood, hardwood San Amonio and South Texas' hard­ plywood Ys to 'Y. in. Northwest Lum­ wood StOre. Austin Hardwoods, San ber Co., 5035 Lafayette Rd., Indiana­ Amonio, 2446 Brockton, San Amo­ polis, IN 46254. (317) 29 3-1 100. nio 782 17. (512) 822-8833; 822- Willard Brother.. Woodcutter. 8323. IOWA 11820 Western Ave., Stanton. CA 09068 300 Basin Rd . Trenton, N.J. 08619 (714) 891-8851 Hardwood lumber, veneered ply­ Call (609) 890-1990 Dallas' finest. Hardwood lumber, 40 woods, carving blocks and veneers. species. Plywood, veneer, moldings, milling facilities. Wood World, 1351 Austin Hardwoods-San Francisco. Woodcraft Shop, 419 E. 59th, Dav­ Sixteen species of cabinet-grade hard­ S. Floyd Rd., Suite I, Richardson, Qualiry domestic and imported hard­ enport, IA 528 06. (3 19) 386-5318. wood lumber 4/4 to 16/4, many 10 to TX 75081. (2 14) 669-9 130. woods for immediate delivery to in. and wider. Veneers, carving LOUISIANA commercial users and hobbyists. blocks, hardwood plywoods, hard­ VIRGINIA 200 I Oakdale Ave., San Francisco, RustOn Lumber & Supply, Inc., 3 I I wood moldings, hardwood doors, CA. (4 15) 64 1-1972. W. Mississippi Ave., Ruston, LA cusrom surfacing and millwork at Mr. California hardwoods, direct from 71270. (18) 255-4110. Quality Roberts Lumber Centers, 50 Cle­ California's largest producer. Special­ hardwood lumber, KD. CustOm mill­ ments Bridge Rd., BarringtOn, NJ izing in black oak, white oak, ma­ ing, resawing. 08007. (609) 547-7620. drone, Fremont cottonwood and burls. FOREIGN ANO DOMESTIC Cal Oak Lumber, PO Box 689, Oro­ MAINE NEW YORK HAROWOOOS-SOFTWOOOS'VENEERS CUSTOM MILLWORK-FREE CATALOG ville, CA 95965. (9 16) 534-14 26. Genuine Honduras mahogany, Exotic and domestic hardwoods. Eb­ 43 CABELL ST. (B04) B46-2729 White Brothers. Domestic and exotic , quality exotics, domestics. ony, rosewood, bubinga, cocobolo. P.O. BOX 3. LYNCHBURG. VA. 24505 hardwoods, plywoods and veneers. Black Mountain Wood Co., 53 Ken­ Unusual dimensions. 480 I Tidewater Ave., Oakland, CA nebec Sr., Po rtland, ME 04 104. blocks. Logs. joshua Hoffman, NYC. 9460 1. (415) 26 1-1600. (207) 772-3332. S50 minimum. (212) 964-2860. Foreign and native hardwood lumber. Milk and Silver Hardwood Co., 6 CustOm millwork and moldings. CONNECTICUT Milk Sr., Portland, ME 04 111. (207) OHIO Woodworkers Supply, 430 Southlake Domestic and imported hardwoods, 772-2450. Foreign and domestic Blvd., Richmond. 794-0883. , 30 + species, kiln-dried, hardwood lumber. Free advice for as­ best quality. Hardwood paneling, sembly. Quality, kiln-dried hardwood. DENIER BROS. WASHINGTON flooring. Millwork. No min. Plywood HARDWOOD SELECTION ROOM Over 70 exotic and domesric hard­ available. Craftsmanship in Wood, MASSACHUSETTS woods. See our display ad. Kaymar Inc., 160 Oak St., Bldg. 6, Glaston­ f ::= Wood Products, 4603 35th SW, Se­ bury, CT 06033. (203) 659-3528. Rosewood and Teak (710�, E. SHEP/ HERD� LAN E attle, W A 98 126. (206) 932-3584. Cocobolo and other fine Hardwoods CINCINNATI, OHIO 45215 Canadians welcome. Wilson Woodworks. StOcking fine Wholesale -Retail PHON E (51 3) 554·0449 hardwoods and offering custom mill­ Seasoned -Green ONE BLOCK EAST OF 1-75 AT EXIT 13 ing for the craftsperson. Dolge Mill, Call. or send your requirements WISCONSIN Rte. 19, Stafford, CT 06075. (203) B. Mill s Inc. Cabinet-grade kiln-dried hardwood 684-9 112. 10 Spray Ave. lumber, turning squares, moldings. HASTREITER Marblehead, MA 01945 Local Lumber Co. Fancy hardwoods, (617) 927-3323 Croy-Marietta Hardwoods, Inc., 121 HARDWOODS, INC. CUStom milling and kiln drying. I 13 Pike St., Marietta, OH 45750. (614 ) 2nd & Pine Street Canal St., SheltOn, CT 06484. (203) 373-1013. Marathon, WI 54448 735-3343. Boulter Plywood Corp., 24 Broad­ OREGON Retail & wholesale domestic northern way, Somerville, MA 02145. Fine and Appalachian hardwoods 1" thru FLORIDA hardwood plywood, lumber. See ad Medford Lumber Co., 3rd and No. 2" kiln-dried, rough or surfaced. Rare Wood Works, Inc. Exotic and in Classified. Fir, Medford, OR 9750 I. (50.,)

78 Vundef Vise The most versatile vise system ever ... at ,an unheard of low price!

Precision­ machined. Additional jaw fits on end stop. gives Cast of tough necessary support for large Complete aluminum workpieces. No other system has it! instructions alloy. Built included! to last. visesLike a-ali whole In one workshop compact full system! ofclamps and • Clamps any material-wood, metal, plastic, fiberglass. • Takes on any sizefrom minute watches to full size doors Order Yours Now! Just fill in the attached Special and even larger ...and everything in between. Offer Coupon and send it with your check, money order, • Works in any position-above the bench, below the company purchase order or credit card information . bench, on the left or right side, and even in the middle. Or credit card customers can call our 24-hour • Toll-Free number: Puts a super hold on any shape-whether flat round, 800-228·5000 ��". -.� " 7 . ..._ jointed, bulky or awkward. � .•• (in Nebraska, 800-642·8777). Use it for 'Sawing 'Gluing 'Planing 'Routing 'Nailing �&': ;::';;���"'� 'Drilling 'Filing 'Grinding ·Soldering ...and much more. SPECIAL OFFER COUPON Try FREE 28554 II not totallyit satislied,of obligatIOn you can toreturn keep your it' order for a complete refund, including shipping and handling. MAG·70 100% Guarantee of Satisfaction! Make remittance payable and send to: Test Vunder Vise FREE of obligation to keep it. you don't If D.R.l. lndustries, Inc., Dept. agree it's the ideal system , send it back for a complete refund. Hampshire Ave. So., Bloomington,FW·783 MN 11100 5543B A fracdon of INDICATE __ what you'd pay = ,.-;-;c ,..-- @ $49.99 $4.90 (00007201) ORDER = _Vunder Vise(s) plus shipping for the tools aU How Many? and handling each. It replaces ... a ' CHECK have enclosed my check money order for the lull amount. (MN residents add fraction of o I METHOD 6"/. sales tax.) or what you'd pay OF o I have enclosed my company purchase order (this card MUST accompany for any other PAYMENT purchase orders). ALL slmllar system! o Charge it to: 0 0 0 o VISA MasterCard0 American Express Diners Club Carte Blanche Shop and Compare. Anything com arable costs ______p '- about twice asmuch. But you gel lhe same Card No. ---- -:- --Exp. Date _ high qualily plus lhe exIra jaw! SIGNATURE X� _,_------:-:c-,- __,__::__:_ Mr. ( Need sign on ly il chargi ng ) PLEASEPRINT ------Order now and get 2 FREE GIFTS! Free Shop Apron valued NAME �;:s at $4.99 plus a Surprise Free Gift . ..BOrn yours to keep, even you return your Vise! ------if ---: ADDRESS - :c--r 77&"'N------. TlI4 Vunder is a trademark of D.R.I. Industries, Inc. Made in Taiwan ______S t eet ______o ______CITY ZIP. STAT E CCopyright 1982 D.R.1. Industries,Inc.

79 Notebook SLEUTHING BARKBE ETLES BY IVARS PETERSON In tropical forests, the smell of mahog­ any released as a chainsaw or an ax rips into the wood is enough to attract a swarm of flitting ambrosia beetles. As soon as the tree settles to the ground, the insects land and bore into the soft sapwood laid bare by the cutting. Ma­ hogany (Swietenia sp p.), with just a small ring of sapwood, survives the on­ slaught and arrives at the sawmill only slightly damaged. But other species with wider sapwood may not be worth haul­ ing Out of these forests. About 6,000 varieties of bark and ambrosia beetles populate the globe wherever woody plants grow. These in­ sects are very specialized; few species at­ tack all kinds of timber. Some bark bee­ tles live in particular seeds or fruits, others in twigs of living shrubs, some only in cactus or coffee berries. Al­ whether to condemn the cargo or un­ though bark beetles cause more than load it. Wood says, "I looked at the half of the insect tree destruction in U.S. beetle in the vial and said, 'You've al­ forests, they are also beneficial by re­ ready gOt them in California.' " moving stagnant growth and speeding Wood can often identifybark beetle the recycling of dead material. types from the gallery systems they Nearly 500 diffe rent types of bark bore. These tunnels can be simple cav­ and ambrosia beetles floutish in the ities carved into the wood, or elaborate United States. The clearest evidence of butterfly-shaped patterns, like those their presence emerges when bark is characteristic of the native elm bark stripped from a dying tree, revealing the beetle. Some tunnels are engineering intricate, varied patterns of the tunnels and aesthetic marvels of insect wood­ where these inconspicuous insects hide work that rival man's working. Long for most of their lives. galleries (used for storing eggs) under Stephen 1. Wood has examined hun­ thick bark often have ventilation tun­ dreds of thousands of bark beetles and nels placed at irregular intervals and ex­ the tracks they leave, and has traveled tending from the main tunnel to near throughout the world sleuthing them Living in darkness, bark beetles can con­ the bark's surface. These branches may down. Based at Brigham Young Uni­ struct galleries of startling symmetry, as also serve as turning niches or as escape versity in Provo, Utah, Wood last year this photo of handiwork done by the Eu­ hatches. Living in darkness, bark beetles ropean bark beetle shows. Th e sp ecies is a completed a 1,359-page volume (avail­ major carrier of Dutch elm disease. rely on chemical signals, touch and oc­ able from Brigham Young University Above right, Wood catal ogs one of the casionally sound for communication. As Press, Provo, Utah 84602) on the bark thousands of specimens in his collection. a result, some species have evolved and ambrosia beetles of North and Cen­ elaborate, bizarre body structures, espe­ tral America. aboard wooden ships, and some of these cially on the front of the head, the body Wood leaves the details of beetle be­ clandestine immigrants have become se­ part that receives sensory input in the havior to other researchers. His specialty rious pests. More recently, new insect narrow tunnels. is identification and classification. "Bark species have arrived nestled in ship­ Of the thousands of bark beetle spe­ beetles are among the most difficult of ments of nursery stock imported from cies, fewer than two hundred are really all insect groups in which to identify the other parts of the world. destructive. The best control methods species," says Wood, "a nd yet, you "About every year or so, I get in­ require accurate identification and a de­ have to have them precisely identified." volved in a decision that has multi-mil­ tailed knowledge of individual species. To control infestations, researchers must lion dollar implications," Wood says. "As the human population gets larger, know exactly which organisms they are Once, when he was in Costa Rica on our timber resources will become more investigating, because a containment sabbatical leave, a U.S. embassy official vital to us," says Wood. "These beetles scheme may work with one species but arrived at his door with a vial containing are going to become more important as not with the next. As a result, Wood's an insect. "We must have an identifica­ killers of trees. We have to figute Out laboratory is piled high with packages tion now, and you're the only person in ways to combat them." containing specimens from all over the the world who can do it," the official 0 world. An important part of his work is explained. The beetle had arrived in Los Ivan Peterson is a technology and pol­ tracing the migration of bark beetles. In Angeles with a quarter-million dollar icy editor at Science News in Wash­ past centuries, several dozen species shipment of wooden products from Ja­ ington, D.C. For more on wood-eating have hitched rides to North America pan. The government had to decide bugs, see FWW #34, pp . 59 -60.

80 DOMESTIC & FOREIGN *� .� I HARDWOODS SANBLADE Quality stock for GUARANTEED hitachi Cabinet Work TO CUT SMOOTHER THE BEST Most all sizes from THAN ANY BLADE TOOLS & SERVICE I" up to 4" in thickness YOU'VE EVER METRIC MACHINERY CO. OWNED OR YOUR ADVANCE, N.C. 998·4051 HARDWOODS 27006 (919) MONEY BACK please write or call for catalog. ASH-BASSWOOD prices and specifics.------BIRCH-BUTTERNUT / CHERRY -CHESTNUT EBONY -MAPLE-OAK FURNITURE HARDWARE POPLAR-ROSEWOOD TEAK-WALNUT Also hardwood plywoods

New SANBLADE actually sands as it saws. SOFTWOODS it's a top quality, carbide tipped, combinati on blade with a closed coat, aluminum oxide abrasive bonded to both sides. SANBLADE SUGAR PINE-CYPRESS cuts smoother than planer blades, yet it CHAIR CANE CEDAR-SPRUCE rips and cross cuts in any wood. And it's etc. tough enough to give you a lifetime of use. SANBLADE is the greatest advance in saw MAURICE L. CONDON CO., INC. blade design since the introduction of the 248 Ferris Avenue carbide tip. White Plains, N.Y. 10603 Up to board Catalog. $1.50 914-946-4111 Longer Blade Life. Open Saturdays 8 AM until noon feet without resharpening. 50,000 FALLS. 21 156 UPPER MD. except June through September. Less Sanding. Every cut is ready to finish or join. Perfect Miter Joints. Angles stay true. Quiet Running. Reduces potentially fG;;" y;u;-::FREE"br�h:;�.0 ear-damaging noise. Easy To Clean. Use any commercial EASY WOOD ANISHING blade or abrasive cleaner. TM with 'll i" . WA.� @�TCO®" �c Oo\O'5. • DO-IT-YOURSELF KIT INCLUDES • 2 ,%,'·12 Acme threoded rods ' 2 tension pins DANISH OIL FINISH SANDS AS IT SAWS. Palenl Pend,ng 4 specially threaded pivot nuts You'll be amazed at how SIll Easy to fallow instructions for making and ...... • easy it is to finish wood lAD assembling the iaws and handles from your wood. - SANBtooth Euniversal 7�" arbor beautifully with Watco 24 5/8" $ 00 Danish Oil. Watco gives . ONLY pod PER KIT lAD ...... 59 or send $1 00 (refundable) for Instruction brochure wood that natural hand­ - 58.50 SANBtooth EIarborO" WI 40 5/8 " 71 00 only residents add sales tax Kit available In $ rubbed look with long­ I . CANADA. write for information 9 •• lasting durability. And be­ Special Introductory Offer cause Watco is IN the Buy 10" and get 71/4" at 1/2 price! BoxTHE ROCKLEDGEDept. Milwauk COee, INC. 56, FW WI 53201 wood ...not on it like tem­ Both for only ...... $ 50 porary surface coat· Introductory Offe r ends August 31, 1910883 ings ...there is no finish Shipping and Handling $3.50. that will wear off. Watco Danish Oil is ideal NY State residents add sales tax. for furniture, antiques, paneling, cabinets, VISA MASTERCARD doors, and trimwork. It's also safe for butcher 800/323and-17 18 118orders) call toll free A Filler For blocks, cutting boards, and children's toys. In lI/inois(Opera 800/942tor -8881 (Operator118 ) Choose from 8 beautiful finishes ...Na tural, Send Checks and Money Orders and Medium, Dark, and Black Walnut shades, to The Clemson Group. Every Wood. and Cherry, Golden Oak, Fruitwood, and Simply mix Wood Match with sawdust English Oak colors. to create the perfect wood filler. H Quick drying. Permanent. Durable. • ••••••� ••••••••• Send today for "FREE" color booklet "HOW · . Ta kes finish. to BeautifUlly Finish Wood" and the name of • • your nearest Watco distributor. Wood Match Kit (4 oz. WoodMatch WATCO·DENNIS CORP_, 17 56·22nd Sl. · �.L]!'1J�Ol� GROUP. in easy-to-use squeeze bottle, 2 jars Santa Monica, CA 90404, Depl. FW-73 • 22 Cottage Street,Middletown , NY 10940 • for mixing and storing, mixing sticks) ______I would like more information about Name • • $5.95. ______• SANBLADE. • Street______• Name • City ______• Address • State Zip _ WooP.o. Ho, 229')S,DMA S,·"rrie. \\TCH.\ 'JSl2! ---213/870·4781---- . �.FW/07 -I -- .J ••••••••••••••••

81 Books Paint Magic, The home decorator's color photographs showing modern rooms months later, selling for half the price, guide to painted finishes by Jocasta decorated juSt right, and many original but usually it isn't quite the same book: Innes. Van Nostrand Reinhold Com­ examples of rooms and furniture that someone has bought the publication pany, 135 West 50t h St., New York, may shake your notions about how the rights and cheaply reprinted it with N.y. 10020, 1981. $29.95, hard­ old fo lks really lived. After looking at fuzzy, off-color, out-of-register illustra­ cover; 240 pp . some of these pieces-classical furniture tions that take all the punch away. seemingly desecrated by stencils and Thirty dollars is about the COSt of a cou­ This is not the first book of its kind, painted panels that completely obliter­ ple of gallons of paint these days. Paint but it is probably the first one aimed ate its fo rm-you may begin to see YOut Magic will give you some good ideas of at the "home decorator," a breed of old furniture with another dimension what you can do with it. amateur that didn't seem to exist more hovering behind, a phantom of outra­ -Jim Cummins than a few years ago. The processes ex­ geous vitality. plained here, such as graining, tortoise­ There are pieces here so successfully Polychromatic Assembly for Wo od­ shelling, , marbling and gild­ done that you wonder whether all fu r­ turning by Emmett E. Brown and Cyril ing, used to be part of the professional niture shouldn't be painted. This is ex­ Brown. The Linden Publishing Co ., finisher's advanced course, requiring pert's work, nevertheless. Lying JUSt un­ Inc., 3845 N. Blackstone, Fresno, Ca ­ years of study, much genuflectionto der Innes' burgeoning enthusiasm is an lif 93 726, 1982. $15.95, paperback; one's master, and three or fo ur years abiding respect fo r the master finishers 113 pp . of doing nothing but sanding work be­ who developed and practiced this mag­ fo re you were even allowed to touch ic. These projects are more difficult than Whether or not we realize it, most of us a paintbrush. they look, and scattered through the work wood polychromatically. Instead Instead of years of study, Paint book are a few awkward examples, of seeing wood as monochromatically Magic calls fo r "a dash of venture­ pieces that just don't make it. But paint bland, we look for brilliant and multi­ someness, the will to get materials to­ can be removed or reworked, if first at­ hued pieces-sapwood to create subtle gether, and the curiosity to tty them tempts leave a piece (or a wall) looking light/dark patterning, zebrawood or out." ] ocasta Innes gets away with it. baffled and afraid. rosewood for their dramatic pigment The reader ends up with a good knowl­ This book's $30 price tag may put changes, with tinges of red and edge of diffe rent paints and solvents, some people off, but the COSt, to me, purple, aromatic cedars fo r their distinct how they interact, and how they were seems an honest one-the photographs red/white grain pattern. For visual im­ used in the past-on walls, on floors, on are sumptuously reproduced. This is the pact, some woodworkers allow the oxi­ furniture. There are many double-page SOrt of book that one often fi nds, dizing effects of light and water to color

ANNOUNCING NEW EXCALIBUR 24" PRECISION SAW

ELIVERED. Rugged One-Piece Design: Safely *SPECIAL$ 9 85 INTRODUCTORY� encloses all linkages and moving parts. OFFER. REG. $1350. Compare Excalibur with similar Advanced Cutting Mechanism: The machines costing up to $2,000. orbital action of the blade is highly tensioned throughout its entire cutting stroke, providing complete and precise Check these exclusive features: control.

Large Capacity: Ex­ Positive Grip Blade Chucks: Fast-acting ca libur easily handles stock blade chucks with hardened steel jaws up to 2W' thick with full 24" accept blades up to .25". frame-to-blade capacity for ripping; Arm Driven Blower Pump: Keeps cutting can cut to the centre of a 48" panel. The large, solid table conveniently tilts line free of dust. 450 right and 200 left. Durable To ta lly Enclosed l4 HP Motor: Sealed Ball Bearings Used Va riable speed motor also available. Throughout: To ensure perfect blade Extended Wa rranty: Each machine is Send (refundable alignment each par allel arm moves on $3.00 sold with a 24-month warranty. against purchase) for our new permanently lubricated adjustable dual fully illustrated catalog. ball bearings. The crankshaft is a count­ The Excalibur is the ultimate for crafts­ erbalanced casting supported by ball men who require internal and external bea rings on both sides, as is the con­ precision when cutting irregular shapes. necting rod, assuring smooth, continu­ ous operation. The blade chucks too J. PhiDealerlip inquiries Hu invited.mfrey 1. PHILIP HUMFREY INTERNATIONAL INC., 3241 KENNEDY ROAD, UNIT 7, SCARBOROUGH, ONTARIO, CANADA M1V 219 Te l: (416) 293-8624

82 DIGITAL MOISTURE METER • Pocket-Sized Range • 6-30% INDUSTRIAL RATING -All BAll BEARING CONSTRUCTION • Interchangeable probes R 6%" Power Planer RYOBI for veneers through ��:� TR-30 .. 10.5 amps 16,000rpm timbers � max cut shipped in wooden box Formica • Other Models Router 1 2 3.8 amp. 29,000 rpm roller trimming guide and VALLEY straighl guide PRODUCTS & DESIGN INC. assembly P.O. Box 396, Milford, PA 1 8337 PH: 71 7 -296-8009 RYOBI B-7200A 4" X 24" Belt Sander 1148 slm 8.7 amps RYOBI 16.7 Ibs. with dust bag 3 ,,, HP Plunge Router 22,000 rpm 13.3 amps

SPECaCIALrbide OFFE Tipped-LIMI RouTED terQUAN BiTITYts v... �, 'h" TO BE SOLD FIRSTA COME. FIRST SERVED collett 2'lio"plunge capacity $12.00 $14.00 �/32"R $17.00 with guide holder. 13.00 15.00 straight and " 9 roller guide. 14.00 18.00 1/4 R 1 .00

SALE R $169. ppd Cove• Bits Round Over Bits • Roman Ogee Bits • Professional Production Quality • Ball·Bearlng Pilot • 1/4" Diameter Shanks • One Piece Construction Two Flute Tungsten Carbide TIps Thick High Quality Carbide TIps • When ordering 3 or more, deduct $1.00 each All prices postage paid

Send check to: MlCS. P.O. Boo 53. Rydal. PA 19046 If sold out. check wi I; be ______returned. ACT NOW. SUPPl Y WON'T LAST lhricor.n � Universal Ltd. WOSPECIODSHARDWOODSALTY FOREIGN & SOF & TWDOMEOODSSTI C LUMBER FOR EVERY VENEERSWOODWORKING APPLICATION 80 oliVEWooo OVEREBONY SPECIESBURLED AV LOGSAIL ABLE• : PERNAMBUCO CORDIA ROSEWOODS CUBAN MAHOGANY ENGLISH BROWN OAK AIR DRIED & KILN DRIED FLITCH CUT LOGS COMPREHENSIVE STOCK AVAILABLE FROM 1" TO 6" WRITE FOR FREE PRICE LIST . MINIMUM MAIL ORDER $150.00 137 JOHN ST., TORONTO, CANADA, M5V 2E4 41 6-977-3791

MAKITA BO-4510 Palm Sander 12,000 orbit 1. 8 amps 4" x 4'lio" High rpm, small orbit sander most used on clear wood construction where slow cutting action and Are your fingers worth $5 apiece? no swirls are required. RIPSTRATE"t could save them! SALE $46. ppd If you own a table or you know what that whirl­ ing blade could do to your hands. RIPSTRATET" guides the A.E.G. VS-260 Sander work tight against the fence and table while you push it 25,000orbit 2.4 amps 4'h"x 8¥." through with a stick, with bothhands away from the - Ultra high rpm, small orbit, minir{lum cutting action. blade. ALSO PREVENTS KICKBACKS. Requires no Use after you have sanded with anothersanderfirst. Produces the ultimate swirl free finish. adjustment. RIPSTRATE'" is not just a safety de­ vice. Professional shops use it because it gives SALE $1 23. ppd straighter cuts and s s the work. Money Also available with peed vacuum #VSS-260 back guarantee. $54.50. Add $3.50 ship­ $143. ppd ping. Check, Visa, M/C. Free brochure. Call or write: for FREE CATALOG -send two stamps with name and add ress. Fisher Hill Products All portable tools shipped UPS in Continent.' U.S. only. Fisher Hill Order desk open Monday through Friday 8 to 8 Saturday to 6 Sunday 11 to 1 1Fitzwilliam, NH 8 603 585 6883 03447 83 Books (continued) the woods they use. Polychromatic as­ finishes and adhesives he works with. somewhat opaque explanation of the sembly, however, is the deliberate use of Fortunately, this information is well construction of the wooden wings, fuse­ wood species of contrasting colors to covered in other books, and the Browns lage and propeller of a biplane. The create distinct patterns and effects. do provide an excellent bibliography. other projects toward the end of the As a shop manual or ref erence vol­ Polychromatic Assembly is almost book are more earthbound, including a ume, Polychromatic Assembly for Wood­ double the COSt of most shop manuals, sturdy wooden wheelbarrow, an elabo­ turning is excellent. There are lots of but it might appeal to the devoted and rate lattice-framed stepladder and a drawings and photographs detailing moderately experienced wood turner. De­ small greenhouse. various fixtures, assemblies and finished spite their uneven quality, the photo­ Hand woodworkers of all abilities turnings. The authors provide numerous graphs do provide considerable infor­ will find some useful tidbits here­ formulas for computing the various an­ mation and inspiration. homemade clamping setups, various gles and dimensions needed to arrive -David Dempsey bench jigs for sawing and planing, tricks at a given shape or assembly. Assem­ of the trade. A beading tool made of a bly techniques are covered in depth, in­ The Complete Wo odworker edited block of wood and a flathead screw is cluding studding, and block and seg­ by Bernard E. Jones. Ten Sp eed Press, offered, as well as 14 pages on the Stan­ ment constructions. PO Box 7123, Berkeley, Calif 94707, ley # 5 5 combination plane. Unfortunately, the book has some se­ 1980. $7.95, paperback; 408 pp. This is a good browsing book. It's rious flaws. Although the illustrations enjoyable to read about how things were are plentiful, they are not always of the A reprint of what appears to be a pre­ done not so many years ago, and re­ best quality. In addition, parts of the war British book (although it's unclear warding to discover that you're part of a text are ploddingly detailed, and there which war), this is a fairly thorough in­ tradition, too. For example, I learned are colloquialisms that make for diffi­ troduction for the beginning wood­ that the way I make mortises, clearing cult reading. The authors give only a worker. The layout and sequence of op­ the waste with an auger bit, was stan­ sketchy histoty of polychtomatic assem­ erations for making a wide range of dard coachbuilders' practice. bly, and skip lightly over adhesives and joints are well done, but you'll need -Roger Holmes wood movement due to moisture. Hav­ to look elsewhere for the finer points ing seen some of Em mett Brown's of wielding the or chisel to Jim Cummins is an assistant editor at work, I can attest that even after twenty cut them. FWW. David Dempsey op erates Wil­ years there's no sign of checking, joint The old-fashioned prose is fun to shire Woodworks in San Francisco, failure or wood movement. But he read. I liked the chapter on the aviation Calif Roger Holmes is assistant book doesn't tell us how he did it, or what woodwork of the day, a brisk and editor at The Ta unton Press.

One Man Portable Sawmill� ""ii

DOMESTIC & FOREIGN Develop a profitable second income in your RED OAK BASSWOOD spare time making small, unique bandsaw MAPLE BIRCH boxes. This unpublicized, little-known tech­ Cuts 30% more lumber from up to 30" Dia. x ROSEWOOD CHERRY nique allows you to turn common inexpen­ 16'/2 ' logs. Safe band saw carriage for smoother sive lumber and scraps into valuable utility WHITE ASH MAHOGANY more accurate lumber. Ready to operate. boxes for the home and offic e. High de­ WALNUT POPLAR mand in gift shops, stationery stores and TEAK WHT. OAK DuplAccurate,icator simple, craft fairs . Fully illustrated instruction book­ 1 to 1 wood duplicator let of 15 original and profitable designs. 3 models available, Satisfaction absolutely guaranteed. Send easy to operate. $10.00 to Box-Art, Dept. W, Box 125, Clarendon Hills, 60514. IL COM. PINE CEDAR SPR UCE FIR REDWOOD CL. PINE

Bandsaw Large 24.5" throat, 9" vertical of ASH FIR cut tilt table, wood and metal e ntory Largest In.v nI Supplies The . e . , & AGATHIS LUAN cutting, rugged construction, Machin d Woodworking I Stock a n WALNUT TEAKWOOD affordable. as t n in the E 'w t Prices! , at the 0L es I MAPLE PINE Save -Buy Direct Benchmar" OAK MAHOGANY POWERMATIC 1'/I..IJ,KJ.tIL BIRCH FLAKEBOAR D r POPLAR FIBREBOAR D , �p"-C:::;4004 West 10th ---St. Oept. 712(;'1;)2 -:;;.7565 CHERRY COATED D�f"\n'L.I" Indianapolis, IN 46222 I Qe-jiMI%nIuole , �Call for prom pt pnC '4e57 7 0 Enclosed is $1.00 for 32 page catalog I and Information on :JO.Oay Free Trial 12\ 226- (2te or visit I Name I Call, wri

I Address I I t I L� ____ �=-_ ...::p__ ...J

84 Saw-Safe __ -_ Pushers Protect Fingers, Hands & Record Planes Blades

For use with table, band, radial saws; , planers, at record prices. Record Planes are accurately machined to all types of power cutting tools, "V" angled end for extremely tight tolerances. They feature solid pushing thick or thin stock. Use flat as pusher for very thin pieces. Soft aluminum blades with inchlmetric brass fittings and traditional wood handles and scale. Cut like wood ; if struck, do not dull cutting tool. knobs. The replaceable tungsten vanadium steel 5" bright orange slip-proof plastic handles. Overall cutter is durable and reliable. length 12". Sold in pairs, one for each hand. Send check, money order, or charge VISA or MasterCard. SP07·530 ..•.•59.50 ITEM LIST SALE SIow·Safe Pushers, Pli, (postplld) R07 22" $72.95 Department 208 S62.95 ppd. 7815 S. 46th St. R05V2 143,4" $49.95 ppd. Phoenix, AZ 85040 S40.95 (602) 968·7009 R041h 101,4" $43.75 S34.95 ppd. R09V2 6'14" $31.95 S21.95 ppd. Buy any three and deduct another $5.00; POWERMATIC any two less $3.00.

10" Ta ble Saw. Model 66 Record Planes are made in Sheffield, England, Complete with: 48" Rails a name synonymous with steel. Block plane above Single Phase 3 H. P. is equipped with a 1%" wide blade; all other s 230v Magnetic controls with 2318" width. I Price includes shipping., $1645 F.O.B. Jackson. MS Quantity limited at this price Miss. residents add 5% tax.

For quotes on other machines. call collect (601 ) 354·3756. Ask for Max or Keith. .• N34 W2404J Capitol D.r Pewaukee, Wisconsin 5:3072. Order t oli·fre : 1-800-558-8665.In Wis. (Oall; 414·69 1·9411. Offer'g while supplies'e last. Abroad. call for 126 E. Amite St. . P.O. Box 10 2 ood Jackson. MS 39205 additional shipping' charges. Write for our fine tool

Train Pattern BUILD NEW ... $6 ppd 22 x 32" pages offull size The HM- CL20 FloatOCKing Balance WestminsSter 8- drawings and step-by-step Day Key·Wind Movement from Hermie -ideal instructions. 14" for installation in your new (or old) bracket, locomotive. plus tender, mantel or decorative clock. freight. flat bed, caboose. • Solid Brass and Steel Unit crane, passenger gondola & • Chimes Every Quarter Hour cars. Catalog showing Strikes Out the Hour largest selection of toy • Black Serpentine Hands Included Iparts free with • Five Tuned Chime Rods $1 • • Chime Silencer oymaker • One Full Year Warranty Supply Co. Mounting space needed: 7" high x 7·1 (2" wide Dept. FN7 x 3· 1/4" deep. Tahoe City. CA HM·20 Floating Balance Movement 95730·5459 as low as $54.50 ea. The Elegant No. 8097 200mm Fleur·de-Lis Dial with raised brass scroll edges is an ideal ac· t -4 $59.95 ea. 5-9 $56.95 ea. 10·24 $54.50 ea. companiment for this superb movement. CALL TODAY 3lmporteb (414) 248-1150 �utOptan

�at4295 SouthbbJ Arvilleatt las Vegas, Nevada 89103 Send 51.00(702) 871• ·0722ilh lsto..m OR WRITE: forC.I.l1ot lIe1"und .... 8097 Fleur-de-Lis Dial 1·4 $15.99 ea. 5·9 $i5.50 ea. DEPT.KL FW73 P.O. BOX 629 10-24 $15.10 ea. LAKE GENEVA, WI 53147 Huge Selection of Quartz and Mechanical Include $3.00 minimum Movements, Dials, Hands, Hardware, etc. to U.P.S. Delivery Charge Meet All of Your Clock.Making Needs! Include 75c for 1st Class Catalog Mailing ...REP AIR OLD

85 Profile CO AlL CARVER:C ES1100RE � HARL BY DEAN K. OTTESON Charles Moore is one of the three re­ to have mastered the work. maining figurehead carvers in England, Moore told me about figureheads and probably one of only a fe w such made by the Egyptians and Norsemen, craftspeople in the world. He has carved and those of the Elizabethan periods. I'd more than a hundred figureheads, among always thought that most figureheads them the Britannia for the restaurant on were of women, but depending on the board the Queen Elizabeth II. period, figureheads of lions, rearing When I visited Moore in 1981, I horses and men were typical. found him to be a fa scinating subject. Moore makes his own drawings and tucked beneath collar, he looked enlarges them with a kind of opaque toScarf me like a typical Englishhis gentleman. projector. He then refines the drawings He told me that when he was younger prior to roughing out, working mostly he had worked in Indonesia on the rub­ in yellow pine and Cornish elm. After ber plantations, and had later taken a the carving work is completed, he paints job with a clock manufacturer, working the figureheads, using oil paints for the his way up to a top position in the com­ faces and gold leaf applied over poly­ pany. Now 81 years of age, he started urethane while it still has a light tack. carving when he was 60, "after finding Moore has a great respect fo r Ameri­ some tools and giving it a tty." He had can figurehead carvers, but thinks that worked as a local boatman, so carving hobbyist carvers put too much emphasis figureheads seemed natural. on animals, birds and hillbillies. He At first, like all beginning carvers, suggests that we look toward space for Moore struggled with the problem of inspiration, and experiment more with carving too flat and being afraid to get bold color and finishes. down into the wood. Seeking to bring 0 life to wood, he fussed over his work, Dean K. Otteson, the 'Wandering trying to keep from making eyes too Charles Moore with a pirate figurehead Woodcarver, ' is a junior high school flat and noses too long. He seems now carved in Cornish elm. principal in Kenai, Alaska.

DomESTIC I ImpORTED

ArtistryUENEERS In Veneers provides the finest domestic and exotic Wood Veneers for woodworkers, craftmen, and hobbyists. We have an inventory of over 5 million This ingenious patented clamping system solves sq . ft. of veneer, housing different holding problems for nearly every workbench 80 operation. The vise clamps any size or shape species. Whether you need 10, 100, or workpiece firmly to your bench for planing, sawing, 1,000 sq . ft ., Artistry can provide top sabres awing, routing, drilling, jigging, dowelling, quality veneer to satisfy any need. gluing and assembly. Each vise contains four cams, a special fence with pins and a templa te. By drilling %" holes 2" SUMMER SALE on centers a clamping bed of any size can be made on your work surface. It performs on any bench, Order any one of these sale packages of top sawhorse, or hobby board, and adds capability to quality veneer, and we will include our new 1983 portable benches. Requiring hand pressure only, catalog free. All lengths 30"-36", widths 6"-14". and no bolts or screws, it can be mounted and - removed in seconds. Mahogany Shorts 50 sq. ft. for only $10.00 This versatile tool functions 3600 on your work­ - Maple Shorts 50 sq. ft. for only $9.00 bench eliminating "Coo-clamps and nailing down. It - clamps both workpiece and pattern for routing and Teak Shorts 25 sq. ft. for only $7.50 is perfect for gang operations. Since components - Cherry Shorts sq. for only project less than :y." above the bench surface ;.', " 50 ft. $9.00 stock can be worked with tool clearance. ADD FOR POSTAGE HANDLING For greater shop flexibility we suggest you order $3.50 & two. (ENCLOSE AD WITH ORDER) Artistry In VenfHIfS presents its 48 page 1983 edition of our catalog. Beautiful veneers at ex­ ceptional prices, a complete line of quality tools and accessories, inlays, Duris, instruc­ tions, and much more. SEND $1.0 0 TO: ARTISTRY IN VENEERS

Plus 1.50 Shipping MONTAUK AVE, Patented -Guaranteed 633 BROOKLYN, NY No C.O.D. (a subsidiary of Eagle Plywood112 Door08 Mfrs. Co.)

86 forget about those awkward inventions where ... "taking off this or that part, adding another piece ... turning something over. .. the machine becomes a planer, which �ecomes a moulder

� r and so on ... and then you turn the table�� o � " .c::::::=t!'��t'J===� Forget, about� the sheet metal boxes... . � the drill powered gadgets,

_ the add-ons that get 10sL the special wrenches and the costly accessories which seem to never end. LOOK AT THE ZINKEN MACHINES one lever 6 operations MIA 6 SIX OPERATIONS: ZINKEN COMPACT 21/5 SIX OPERATIONS: surfacing planer · thicknessing planer · circular saw · spindle surfacing planer · thicknessing planer · circular saw · spindle moulder · mortiser·borer . tenoning saddle. moulder · mortiser·borer . tenoning saddle. The smallest for your big work! A solid machine (weight 110 Kg ..243 pounds), with one·piece The MIA 6 (weight 48 Kg . . 106 pounds, 1 HP motor with overload cast aluminium bed and stainless clad cast aluminium work tables. protection) has been designed and built after years of study and One solid unit which houses the motor, 1, 5 HP with overload pro­ experience and with the collaboration of do-it-yourself experts. tection, single phase or three-phase, where all the moving parts This machine is very compact and complete; it is equipped with are chromed; the rotating parts are mounted on preiubricated the latest devices which make it easy to use and guarantee preci· sealed-for-life ball bearings and all the vital parts are precision sian work. machined. There are more than 500 easily identified and Its cast aluminium construction makes the MIA 6 light and sturdy_ interchangeable parts which were checked and assembled Since it occupies very little space and is easy to carry, this machine on a specially de· signed assembly line. The ZC 21/S's has been a success with hobbyists the world over. modern design makes this machine a technological masterpiece which is pleasing to the eye.

Sliding table and Base base optionals optional The control lever is a real gearshift which automatically selects and controls the operation you want. .. and only that one! /'illi1.1/ All the power from the motor is transmit­ ted to only one operation. When you need a planer the

ZINKEN machines are planers and nothing else. When you need a circular saw the ZINKEN machines are circular saws and nothing else. When you need a moulder the ZINKEN machines.. are moulders and nothing else . Ir you need a practical, easy to use, safe, precise, powerful and light weight combined machine, then the ZINKEN machines are the machines for you.

delivered$3100 c asaw saw syrfacing planer thickncuing planer ircul r splindle moulder mortiser·borer thickneulng planer circular spind� moulder tenoning sadd�

Showr oom: DISTRIBUTED BY: MAIN OFFICES & WAREHOUSE 175 Lafayette Street 45 Halladay Street 1101 East 25 Street (Corner Grand SI.) Jersey City, New Jersey 07304 Hialeah, Florida 33013 New Yo rk, New Yo rk 10013 (201) 433-3800 (305) 691-BASS (212) 226-4000 1-800-526-3003 VISA & MasterCard accepted. AFTER 8 YEARS OF SUCCESSFUL SALES IN EUROPE, NOW AVAILABLE IN THE U.S.A. DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED D DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED

87 News and Notes A NEW PAP ER, DAPHNES, GAl LERY CLOSINGS Critical review is the stated purpose of a for his cherry-and -leather table and 55 New Montgomery, Suite 626, San new quarterly woodworking tabloid being chairs, and to Dale Broholm of Boston Francisco, Calif. 94105. published by the Wendell Castle Work­ for a veneered drop-leaf table. In the shop. The first issue of the newspaper, upholstered category, Jay Peters of Blue A soft economy and shifting craft mar­ called Wo rkshop, was mailed out in Hill Falls, Maine, won a finalist award keting patterns led to the closing of March. Along with ads for Castle's sum­ for his cherry-and-spruce sofa. wood furnirure galleries on both coasts. mer courses (FWW #39, p. 103), it fea­ For information on next year's com­ In Philadelphia, Richard Kagan closed tured a New York show review and a dis­ petition, write the Hardwood Institute, up shop in April after ten years of sell­ cussion of the need for design criticism. 230 Park Ave., New York, N.Y. 10169. ing his own furnirure and that of other Castle says he means the periodical to makers. San Francisco's Signature Gal­ be a non-commercial forum fo r "in­ Two discount woodworking tool firms, lery, a popular retail outlet for Bay area formed, objective criticism," rather than John Harra Wood and Supply Co. of woodworkers, shut down in March. technical reportage. He invites editorial New York and Ten Plus Tools of San "When I opened up, there weren't contributions; write him at 18 Maple Francisco, have ftled for bankruptcy. any galleries or museums that were just St., Scottsville, N.Y. 14546. Harra notified thebankrupt cy court in about wood," Kagan said. "The field New York Ciry in early March that he has changed now and 1'm pleased with Four Daphne awards, the Hardwood hopes to reorganize his business to satis­ that. 1'm looking fo rward to spending Instirute's annual industry-wide furni­ fy creditors under terms of Chapter 11 more time in the workshop." Many of the ture design competition, went to design­ of the U.S. code. In San Francisco, Ten craftspeople Kagan had handled will er-craftsmen last spring. Plus ftled a Chapter 7 action, which now show at the Snyderman Gallery, set Joe Agati, a Chicago ceramic engineer means that its assets will be liquidated to open this fall in its new location at and glass craftsman rurned woodwork­ to pay off creditors. Anyone with an in­ 319 South St., Philadelphia. er, won first place in the limited-pro­ terest in the Harra proceeding (case Dan Gordon, who with his wife Cyn­ duction division for a lacquered maple number 83B-I0341) can write the thia started Signature eight years ago, table and chairs much like the suite he bankruptcy court at 40 Foley Square, takes the view that galleries are too ex­ showed in FWW #40 (p. 105). Run­ New York, N.Y. 10007. For the Ten pensive a way to sell craft furnirure, and ner-up awards in the division went to Plus case (number 3-83-00885-E-LK), that most craftspeople prefer dealing di­ John Tierney of Easthampton, Mass., write the court trustee, • John England,• • rectly with• clients. • 0• TEAK EBONY MILLWORK DRY KILN FACILITY BASSWOOD BOSCH PHILIPPS BROS. u.J 0...... J • c::r :2 '!U(520 W. 22ndOn St. · Norfolk, LU Virginia Ii1:1iE=I 23517 · (804) CO 625-7131.

Furniture and Cabinet Woods Custom Millwork Boatbuilding Lumber Exotic Hardwoods �....J 0.. 0..o • • • • • COCOBOLO BUBINGA PURPLEHEART ROSEWOOD WENGE

SHOP 157S Electronic Speed Control ROUTER Four pOSition orbit #1 604 -1-3/4 H.P. Variable speed switch: 1 m-3m THE EXTRAORDINARY No load RPM 25,000 strokes per min. SCREWDRIVER Collet Cap. 1/4, 3/S, 1/2" Full output/low speed for This exciting product-THE SQUARE HEAD-is now available to fine wood Fully insulated UL/OSHA hard materials 115V double insulated, OSHA working craftsmen. Used by the finest furniture manufacturers, this screw­ CUTTING CAPACITIES: driver/screw with the unique snug fitting Wood 3/S ", Mild steel 1/4", SQUARE HEAD makes the slot and Aluminum, non-fer metals 3/4" Phillips heads obsolete. YOUR Stainless steel, Alloy steel: l/S" Featuring many outstanding characteristics: 4 assorted blades, 1 screwd river • CHOICE Heat treated SQUARE HEADS · One handed screwing to reach difficult places . No slipping from screw head · Fastest system available· Maxi­ list $219.00 � mum torque possible . Eliminates gouged fingers and gouged wood · 1- Essential for the serious woodworker's wood shop. Send for starter set 11150!" of drivers with matching screws. Price plus postage and Est. 1927 _ 3 $8.50 $1.50 handling includes complete list of available SQUARE HEAD products � PHILIPPS BRO S. SUPPLY, INC. (add 5.5 % in Ohio). Master Charge and VISA. � � INDUSTRIES 3159 BAilEY AVE. • BUFFALO, NY 14215 • PHONE 834·8353 �ad1 �(716) JEGT � P.O. Box 5264, Dept. FW Poland, OH 445 14

88 BANIO� You Will Get Better MANDO I1N PlANS Results with the Full-size Blueprints $7.50 ea. postpaid World's First Universal Precision Saw!

For free catalog of ba njo & mandolin kits & components, call us toll-free: START 800-84STEWA8-2273RT (61-MAC4-592-3021DONALD in Ohio) •••YOUR MONEY OWN BOX 900F, ATHENS, OHIO 45701 BIGEamRight AtExtra Income BUSINESS!MAKING Made in West Germany . U.S. Patent No. 3878876 Home. BAFINENDST IND SAWUSTRIAL BL QUALITYADES HEGNER Precision Saws cut: Carefully Welded To Your -PRECISELY-RAPIDLY -VirtuallyWITHOUT BLADE BREAKAGE Exact Specifications -EVERY Kind of Wood up to 2" thick WE GUARANTEE IT! • MAKE Toys, Nameplates, Mirror Frames, WIDTHS TEETH PRICE/INCH Min iature Furniture or Ornaments, etc.­ 1/16" 2. and 32 $.09 can [1a�for itself within weeks 1/8" thru 3/." 3 thru 32 $.05 • No R ief Cuts or Sanding necessary TO FIGURE PRICE: • EASYei and SAFE to operate x + Inch Length Price Per Inch $1.85 Weld Charge • OutperformsALL other scroll saws MINIMUM ORDER: $10.00 Add $2.50 for Shipping and Handling Also available now: the NEW HEGNER PROMPT DELIVERY Woodturning Lathe and Duplicator. SEND PAYMENT WITH ORDER OR WRITE Send for our FREE brochure today: FOR MORE INFORMATION TO: BUCKEYE SAW CO. AMI, Ltd., Box 5285-F5 Three power tools in one­ P.O. Box 14794, Clntl., OH 45214 Wilmington, DEP. o.19 808 (302) 999-9139 a real money-maker for you! The Planer/Molder/Saw is a versatile piece of machinery. It turns out prof­ itable precision molding, trim, floor­ MYFORD ML8 LAmE ing, fu rniture ... in all popular pat­ FROM terns. Rips, f lanes, molds sepa­ ENGlAND rately ...or al at once. Used by indi­ vidual home craftsman, cabinet and picture fr aming shops, lumber yards, contractors and carpenters. N ever before has there been a three-way, heavy-duty woodworker that does so many jobs for so little cost. Saws to width, planes to desired COME BY AND SEE OUR SELECTIONS thickness, and molds to any choice of OF POWER TOOLS AND FINE HAND TOOLS. patterns. Cuts any molding pattern BOOKS & MAGAZINES you desire. Provides trouble-free per­ SEMINAR INFORMATION AVAILABLE ON REQUEST formance. And is so simple to operate CALL OR WRITE TODAY even beginners can use it! F DALlAS AND STORE EXC G CTS 1936 IlECOIlDW CROSSlNGOO D214 631-5478TOO DAllASL TEXAS 75235 3D-DayNO OlllGA FREETlON-NO Tria SAlfSMANl! ��� �WIll�� CAll FO E RUSH COUPON 90253L Y- BEL FIELDSAW BLDG. co. TUNG OIL TODAY! KANSAS CITY, MO. 641 11 METAL PARTS IUTS AT lOW ...... fACTORY DISCOUNT PRICES fOR: with • • 12·IN. BlIND SAW "-'�.r • 11·IN. BlINDSAW • 10·IN. TILT{ARBOR SAW URETHANE I • COMB. DRILL PRESS· LATHE . \',,Kansas�t,"�:� City, Mo.�fl,. 64111 • I·IN TILT TAlLE SAW .. ..U1!1:tI!O!J; . '·IN. BElT SANDER •• • please send me the FREE Booklet"' that . LE SHArER for greater 0 YES, gives me complete fa cts aboul your Planer- � ....:::.....-_.�S;..;PI�ND , Molder-Saw and fu ll details on how J can qualify durability fo r a 3D-Day Free Tr ial right in my own shop. I l understand there is No Obligation and that No , Salesman will call. $39.99 TO $176.99 , Featured in Workbench. Popular • M.me l Science. Mechanix Illustrated. Step-by-step plans. photos. full­ scale patterns show how. No ma­ � Address chining. no welding. S-Year Full­ , Ci/y______Service Guarantee. Send $4 each • for Plans plus $1 for postage stating � tools wanted. Catalog included. Or. � Stlt. send $1 for Catalog I Deft. Inc., Irvine. CA 92714.Allian ce, OH 44601. • ZiP" GILUOM MFG .. INC., Oept.FW-7. �� ... 1700 Scherer Pkwy., St. Charte.,Mo. 63301 � .... .- .

89 Exhibition WOOD AT THE WUSTUM

During April, Wisconsin Wood '83 represented, many of them students gave woodworkers throughout the state and/or graduates of the University of a rare opportunity to display their work. Wisconsin-Madison Fine Arts program Bruce Pepich, director of the Wustum taught by C.R. "Skip" Johnson. Their Museum in Racine, told me that this innovative approaches to woodworking was their first show strictly fo r wood­ helped to bridge that ambiguous gap workers. The museum, accustomed to between sculpture and furn iture. A showing paintings, went Out on a limb, walk through the muse um's spacious and the response surpassed all hopes yet intimate rooms suggested how this and expectations. work might fit in your own home. From traditional and contemporaty Palli Davene Davis, of Mount Ho­ to pop and funk, there were more than reb, is a woodworker who eschews dis­ seventy pieces of furniture and sculp­ cussions of technique. The image is pri­ ture, arranged as though they were part mary in her work. She plays with wood, of the former residence of art patron "discovering visual comparisons and Charles Wustum. Twelve artists were finding deliberate use for them." Her "Acrobat Tables" (left), three white­ oak table forms doweled together, have a strangely human quality without actu­ ally having hands or feet. Her intent, she says, is not to create anthropomor­ phic shapes; rather, "the tables remain tables, but as if caught in those seconds between midnight and 12:01, when in­ animate things come to life." Doug Redmond rejects notions of woodworkers as people who build Scan­ dinavian or other historical furniture. As a graduate student at the UWM wood­ working program, he has been searching for a fresh approach to furniture design by reducing its structure to basic geo­ metric shapes. This enables him to ap­ proach furniture design on the same terms as sculpture. He uses color .to de­ pict forms from a new perspective, but leaves certain sections natural wood, to remind us of the sttuctural origins and functional aspects of the piece. His "Harlequin Stool" (above right), made of hard maple, has areas painted yellow, green, blue, or­ ange and gray, while the seat top and foot rail-the parts you rest on-are finished clear. Another of Skip johnson's students, Sam Caldwell pro­ jects his personality through his work, preferring to visual­ ize furniture as sculpture. In "Violence Inherent" (right), which is made of black wal­ nut and black iron, he com­ bines precise craftsmanship with a twisted sense of hu­ mor to illustrate how at­ traction and entrapment often go hand in hand. He was delighted to discover how people would persist in ttying to sit in it, despite find- ing that the hazards are simply tOO great.-Joe Kleinhans, Madison, Wis.

90 Photos: Bob Shehan SMALL KNOBS AND DROP PULLS POLYEPOXY RESINFLO-GL SYSTEMSASTM FOR FOR ALL FURNITURE STYLES WOODWORKERS • AnENTlON: SERIOUS HOBBYISTS AND PROFESSIONAL CRAFTSMEN: POLY FlO-GLAS : A CLEAR, HIGH·BUILD, GLOSSY, HARD AND DURABLE COATING THAT CURES WATER· WHITE WITH THE APPEARANCE OF GLASS. ITS UNIQUE FORMULATION DOES NOT REQUIRE SEPARATE,. PRE·SEALING TO LIMIT PENETRATION AND EXCESSIVE DARKEN· ING OF SUBSTRATES. NATURAL WOOD COlOR· TONES ARE DRAMATICALLY ENHANCED WHEN THIS SUPERIOR EPOXY POLYMER COATING IS APPLIED TO HIGH·lIGHTTHAT "SPECIAL" PROJECT. POLY FlO-GLAS TRIAL KIT: INCLUDES24 OZS. OFTWO·PART RESIN AND HARDENER WITH PREPARATION AND APPLICATION ACCESSORIES; ALSO SAFETY DEVICES AND A COM· PLETE INSTRUCTION MANUAL,,. A HANDBOOK ENTITLED " DECORATIVE COATINGS" ...•••.•••.•.•...•.....•.•....•.••..•..... POSTPAID ... $20.00. POLY FLO-GLAS INSTRUCTION MANUAL, A HANDBOOK ENTITLED "DECORATIVE COATINGS", WHICH DETAILS PROVEN TECHNIQUES FOR THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE ULTI· MATE IN BLEMISH·FREE,. COATINGS ...... POSTPAID $ 8.00. SPOTTING THE ORIGINALS IS EASY! 1066 .. 02360 Original drop castings are very light and delicate, POLY WOOD FINISHES P,O. BOX PLYMOUTH, MASS. usually they show some file or scraper marks from hand finishing, mounting was by hand-cut wood screws. NEVER will you find an original with a machine screw mounting, or a flat shoulder where NOW, MORE THAN EVER, YOU NEED AN ADVANTAGE the base meets the wood. Original knobs were SUCH AS ONE OF OUR HORIZONTAL SLOT MORTISERS/BORERS We specialize in uniquely made in ivory as well as brass. designed conventional and Using the above as a guide you will spot an special custom built woodwork­ original -or maybe one of ours from the last ing machinery of the highest 50 quality. All equipment is years. Call or write for mini-catalog, many FREE available with 1 i1 electrics to suit special reduced prices shown. the needs of smaller shops. We have the most complete line of woodworking ma chinery. machine accessories. and cutting tools available. Please send $1.00for Illustrated Literature. BALLAND BALL WHITE'S PATH, DEPT. 2270 W. Lincoln Hwy ., Dept. ADVANTAGE 40 463 20 MACHtNERY SOUTH YARMOUTH, MA 02664 Exton, PA 19341 COMPANY, INC. ,. (617) 394-0940 Tel . (215) 363-7330 Quality� machinery 'or qualityw oodworking.

Power tool specialists since 1934 Resin Bond Abrasive Belts, Sheets & Discs by Carborundum. 1314 H.P Woodworicersand boat owners-Now you can buy industrial quality resin bond abrasive belts. sheets & discs for about the Router same price you usually pay for hardware variety glue bond Model #1604 products. Plus. we promise 3 times better performance over any y r . 'h" Model·. #1603 glue bond product-or we'II refund your purchase price. . coilet... capacity.. .. y. . r coilet Carborundum Industrial products are made with 100 % ALO grain­ " 1150 watts.. .. capacity.. no fillers-and are bonded by Carbo's own resin form ula to 1000 watts. satisfy the highest standards The belt backing is drills weight list '179" list '179" cloth and the butt splice is smoothand tough for long life. We stock open & close·kote industrial products in standard sizes and grits �----/ $11977 Write for complete mall order productsand price Ust. Both Bosch routers= have new Quick and easy seating captive templet guide. Blanchard Industrial Supplies, Inc. Fast. accurate depth adjustment by Y,,". P \1ILAESTA8L1NCHSHED AR'909D17� O Box 659 F, Troy, NY 12 181 Bosch Orbital Actionl � '" . . Variable Speed t------�-----4 Jig Saws Model #1578 4·position orbit 1000·3000 S.P.M. Model #1 580VS Barrel grip with rotating handle. 4'position orbit. 1000· 3400 S.P.M. list '219" $13577 Plus. you get 3 blades,= anti·splintering device, and screwdriverwith each jig saw. Heavy-DUty Milwaukee TOLLOrder FREE now Screw-Shooter 1-(in800-34 Mass. 1-617-675-0382)1-2200 We pay shipping and you get an Pay by VISA MG check . . BURNS, INC.Oept.1 073,165 Rodman St., Fall

91 Events

Listings are free but restricted to events through June 27. The Rerreat, 3865 E. Thou­ ford Hand Crafts Ctr. Conracr Peter M. Pe­ of direct interest to woodworkers. The sand Oaks Blvd., Wesdake Hills Plaza, West­ trochko, 370 Quaker Farms Rd., Oxford, Sept. issue will list Aug. 15-Nov. 15, lake Village, 91362. (805) 496-76 15. 06483. (203) 888-9835. deadline July 1; the Nov. issm will list Exhibition-Southern Calif. Expo in Del Mar, Workshop-Lute building, July 24-30, Lute through July 4. (617) 297-0338. Society of America, Hartford. Conract Law­ Oct. 15-Jan. 1, deadline Sept 1. Seminars/workshops-James Krenov: projecrs rence Lundy, 505 Elmside Blvd ., Madison, course, June 27-July 30; roolmaking, Aug. 1- Wis. 53704. CALIFORNIA: Workshop-Design and oper­ 13; joinery, Aug. 15-Sepr. 3. College of the Festival-Conn. Woodcarvers, July 17, Cenrer ation of circular and band saws, Sepr. 12-16; Redwoods, 440 Alger Sr. , Fr. Bragg, 95437. School, Old Lyme. Contact Al Wa trous, lumber drying, Aug . 22-26, by Univ. of Ca­ (707) 964-7056. Melody Ln., Ivoryron, 06442. (203) 767-0827. lif. Coop. Ext. and FPL, 47th and Hoffman Show-Wood Invitational, Sepr. 1O-0cr. 8. Blvd., Richmond, 94804. Conracr Dr. R. Szy­ Conracr Bill Zimmer, Gallery Fair, Box 263, WASHINGTON, D.C.: Exhibit-"The Art of mani, (4 15) 231-9582, or Janice Monrano, Mendocino, 95460. (707) 937-5121. Louis Paul Jo nas," 75 wildlife miniatures. (415) 231-9404. Exhibition/sale-Artistry in Wood '83, June July 2-Aug. 28. Smithsonian Inst., Public Af­ Workshops-Joinery and veneering, Tage Frid, 11-19, Sonoma Counry Woodworker, Lurher fairs, Washingron, 20560. (202) 357-2627. June 17, 19 (San Diego), June 24, 26 (Berke­ Burbank Crr., Sanra Rosa, (707) 823-2822. ley). At Berkeley only: chairmaking, Grew­ FLORIDA: Juried exhibition-Masks, Ocr. 5- Sheridan, July 23-24; furnirure o f Gustave COLORADO: Exhibition-Sculpture, through 31, Netsky Gallery. Slide deadline Aug. 19. Stickley, July 15; making musical instru­ July 10. Foothills Are Ctr ., 809 15th Sr., Conracr Suzanne Kores, (305) 662-2453. menrs, July 16; traditional boatbuilding, Aug. Golden, 80401. (303) 279-3922. 12; oarmaking, Aug. 13; trimming out small Workshops-Furnirure, Art Carpenrer, June GEORGIA: Workshops-Carcase and drawer, rowing boats, Aug. 19; decoy carving, Aug. 20-July 8, John Nyquist, July 25-Aug. 5, July 9-10; wooden plane making, Aug. 6, 20; "Make your own carving rools," Aug. 27. Sam Maloo Aug. 6-7, Ian Kirby, Aug. 15- 13-14. Contact John McGee, 218 S. Boule­ At Los Angeles: free Sat. rool and woodwork­ 19, Peter Korn, f, Aug. 22-26; guitar and vard, Carrollron, 30 117. (404) 834-7373. ing demos, July 9-Sept. 10; "Build a piece mounrain dulcimer construction, July 11-15; of furnirure," Simon Wacrs and Joseph Ba­ basic woodworking, July 18-22; Shaker furni­ ILLINOIS: Seminar-Marq uetry Society, July varo, Aug. 22-26, Aug. 29-Sept. 2; Sam Ma­ ture, Walker Weed, Aug. 8-12. Anderson 15-17, Concordia Teachers College, River loof at his workshop, Sept. 17. Windsor chair Ranch Ares Ctr., Box 2410, Aspen, 81612. Foresr. Conracr Gene Weinberger, MSA, Box workshop, Michael Dunbar, one week in Sept. (303) 923-3181. 224, Lindenhurst, N.Y. 11757. and Ocr. The Cutting Edge, Los Angeles: Workshop-Furno conservation, July 11-15; (2 13) 390-9723; San Diego: (619) 695-3990; CONNECTICUT: Workshops - and adv. carving, July 18-22, Campbell Ctr., Box Berkeley: (4 15) 548-6011. marquetry, Silas Kopf, July 16-17; chair­ 66, Mounr Carroll, 61053. (815) 244-1173. Show-Woodcarving, Sept. II, Concannon building, John Alexander, Aug. 8- 12; wood­ Winery, 4590 Tesla Rd., Livermore. Free. Call en boatbuilding, Simon Wacrs, Aug. 15-2 1. INDIANA: Course- Hardwood lumber grad­ Liz Finigan, (415) 447-3186. Exhibit: Tools\Of the Woodworker, Aug. 7- ing, Nov. 7-1 1, 4-H Center, Paoli. Write Craft fair-Fore Mason Crr., San Francisco, Sept. 18. BrOOkfield Craft Cenrer, Box 122, Galen Wright, S. Indiana Purdue Ag. Ccr., Aug. 11-14. American Craft Enr erprises, Box Brookfield, 06804. (203) 775-4526. R.R. #1, Dubois, 47527. (8 12) 678-3401. 10, New Paltz, N.Y. 12561. (914) 255-0039. Juried exhibition-Nov. II-Dec. 23, deadline State fair-Sacramento, Aug. 19-5ept. 5. Aug. I. Conract Roz Schwartz, Creative Arts IOWA: Crafts exposition-Sept. 1-4, POt­ Write Calif. State Fair, Calif. Works, Box Workshop, 80 Audubon Sr. , New Haven, tawanamie Counry fa irgrounds, Avoca. Con­ 15649, Sacramenro, 95852. (916) 924-2015. 065 11. (203) 562-4927. tact Bob Everhart, 106 Navajo, Council Exhibit-New furnirure, Robert Erickson, Crafts show-Conn. craftsmen, August, Guil- Bluffs , 51501. (712) 366-1136.

& PurveyorsElliott of the finest domestic Brown and exotic Inc lumber. . Are now-serving cabinetmakers, hobby­ Innovation for Craftsmen ists, home craftsmen, boatbuilders, and instrumentmakers across Canada and A UNIVERSALMAG PADCLAMP PAD the United States. Our comprehensive stock includes Bocote, Bubinga, Ebon­ • STAYS PUT ON ANY STEEL CLAMP ies, Padauk, Pau Ferro, Rosewoods, • 2 x2 INCH NO MAR PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION Greenheart, Purpleheart, Teak, Ve neers, BONDED Pine, Butternut, Cedar, etc. All our lum­ ber is S & B or FAS and is stored indoors. Call or write for free price list. 9 to 5 Monday through Saturday St. Henri.999 Rue Montreal. Du College Quebec POWER-FEED 514-935-7697

PLANER/MONew low-cost power shop makesLDER/ you money JOINTER ...saves you money! Outperforms them all! Quickly turns rough lumber into high-value finished stock. Molds all popular pat­ terns ... any custom design. Planes or joints without changeover. Comes complete with 115/230V motor, stand, knives, full instructions ...ready to use. 3O-0AY FREE Do-it-Yourself TRIAL! Easy terms. Send For Complete Facts! CATALOG CALL TOLL-FREE 1(800)824-7888, Oper. 642 SAVE VAST SUMS. Build. reslore. re­ finish anything of wood! Here's ev­ erything you need. Fine woods, lt bi i f ...._'""" ...... �:�J!�ishes. Cane.�e. ��i Lamp: l parts. m�! Uphol. ��. �:'o supplies.7�� Picture I J Clock kits. 100's of plans. Instruction books. Thousands of hard-te-find w worker products in big new catalog. Mail rw;�2849 Terrace,�t.��� Dept �:C !'f20�------ad for Catalogood & 20 identified beautiful Wood Samples. City, MD 64108 I Klnua Est. 1812 Please rush my FREE Information Kit and o YES! CONSTANTINI2065 Eastchester Road. Bronx. N.Y. 10461 FITS FENCES 3/4 TO 1 5/8 INCHES WIDE details on your 30-0ay Free Trial Guarantee. :I Here's for I04-page Woodworker Catalog. ooly. • ______SI ADJUSTABLE HAIRLINE POINTERS Name o 52 eoc . Seod 20 Wood Samples with Catalog. • : 51.50losed refuoded 00 1st Catalog order. SEND $39.95 PPD. Address I o ______Name City ______ALDER LID. P.O. BOX 7588 ST. PAUL MN. 55119 :I Address State______Zip ______VISA I MC ACCEPTED DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED P L J ______ZI MN. RESIDENTS ADD SALES TAX

92 (W ...... ri�pI�W WE BEAT ANY AD IN THIS MAGAZINEa gift. cert flcate... of. $5.00 to $25.00.....). . SPECIAL SALE TO READERS OF THIS AD! _ _ _ J I-J.."", r, � You Must Mention This Ad When Ordering. Freight prepaid In Contlntenal on - l 11 U.S.A. �. W �. Cd SA .ord_e�o f or more. (under $35.00 add $2.00 - • ---® LE! ORD ER DIRECTLY FROM THIS AD $35.00 freight) Non-orde , T REND-LiNES, INC. 800-322-61 00 Mass 617-324-5500 -' Ryobl C lIs � 7 POWER 800-343-3 Nationwide r"",,:c..a] 02 1 48 248 Minlmum � Order� �o�� ;�:���!lnStM. A MAKITA TOOLS $15.00 JET JET TILTING ARBOR TABLE 1100 3'14' Planer Kit $1 74.95 10" TABLE SAW 1805B 6·1/8" Planer Kit 28 1.95 $475.00 SAW $1225.00 1900BW 3'14' Planer 92.95 2030 12" Planer/Jointer1 399.50 2040 15-5/8" Planer 1295.00 R,obl 21 16 Band Saw 1399.50 D-1010 31S" 2400B 10" Mitre Saw 278.50 � 10" 5-500 3" x 4-1/S" Portable Drill 2401 B w/l0" Mitre Saw 242.95 Orbital Sander Variable Speed 3600B Plunge Router 194.50 o.p.m. Reversible 3600BR Plunge Router 181.95 12,000 Double Insulated 3601B Router 135.70 Double Insulated 3608B Router 81 .10 -JiiiOiiiRGr.;EiiN-;'SE"N iiHiAA:iiNnD o;S C;:-;R ;. 2.55 16.95 5007NB 7'14' Circular Saw 10:5.50 No.1 6" 11.80 10 .65 ea 8xl't, 2.75 18.65 5012B 12" Chain Saw 114.95 No. 2 '12" 14.10 12.70 ea 8 8x2 3.05 25.75 5081 DW 3-3/8" Cord. Saw 106.95 JORGENSE 3.25 27.60 5201 NA 10'14' Circular Saw210.95 N BAR CLAMPS (5" rmh)8x2' t, u P� 8x3 3.50 29.95 B·7075 3" 5402A 16" Circular Saw- � R_'1I'21�na 4" Belt Sander Electric Brake 399 50 No. 4512 12" Opening 16.25 14 .65 ea SQUARE RECESS Belt Sander ' Double Insulated 6000R Uni -Drill 10 9 95 No. 4524 24" Opening 18.15 16.35 ea SCREWDRIVERS $2.85 Double Insulated 601 00 3/8" Cordless 7 No. 4536 36" Opening 20.20 18 .25 ea Square Recess Drill B ' w/Dust Bag Drill 9 95 Phillips Drill Bitsits 75 ea 60' ea w/Dust Bag 601 0DWK 3/8" Cord. Drill K it 89.95: JORGENS�� CARRIAGE CLAMPS 8-7075 $11S.85 No.1 03 3 Opening $4.70 $4.25 ea WOOD SCREWS · Flathead Phillips 8-7200A $187.80 601 2HDW Cord. Drill Kit 2-Sp.l 09 5 '7 No.1 04 4 " Opening 6.35 5.75 ea NEW Hardened Furniture Screws 601 3BR Reversible Drill1 16 50 Ryobl ' 8.90 8.05 ea Size 100 per pack 1000 per pk 6300LR 1 D No. . ;''' l06 6" OpeninQ '12" Angle rill 1 49 30 No.1 08 8" Opening 15.45 13.80 ea. 6510LVR 3/8" Drill.Rev. 0 to 6xl 'I. $1 .60 $13.90 8xl 2.05 12.70 1050 RPM 66.50 DEEP THROAT C CLAMPS 8xl 'l. 2.30 15.40 6710DW Cord. Screwdriver 102.5 Opening Throat Each Pk .6 0 g 8xl '/2 2.50 16.95 6800DBV Drywall Screwdriver95.75 No. 236-0 1" 3'12" $2.45 2.1 5 ea 8x2 2.75 23.40 9030 1·1/8"x21" Belt Sander No. 237 lW' 3'12" 3.85 3.40 ea 8x2'/2 2.95 25.10 118.90 No. 245 2W' 4'14' 9.50 8.40 ea 8x3 3.1 5 27.25 9045B Finishing Sander 10 3.90 No. 246 2W' 6'14' 11.80 10.50 ea WATCO FINISHES Qts. 9045N Finishing Sander-NO. 174 4" 4" 12.25 11.40 ea � $15.85 Dustless 10 7.50 NO. 176 6" 6" 17.9516.10 Danish Oil Nat'l $5.30 ea Danish Oil Black. R-500 1/2" 3 HP 9207SPB Sander Polisher l36.95 JORGENSEN CLAMPS R-150 1 HP 7" 16.55 Plunge Router 9401 4"x24" Belt Sanderl69.55 No. 3325 3 Way Edging $5.15 $4.65 ea Dark. Med. 5.70 1/4" Plunge Router 15.85 9501 No. 1623 3" Satin Oil 5.30 Double Insulaed BKIT 4" Sander·Grinder Kit76.55 Hold Down 6.85 6. 17 ea 17.1 5 Double Insulated 1.40 1. 30 ea Satin Wax Dark 5.80 Guide Holder, Straight 9804 Blade Sharpener 585 .20 No. 320 I HT Spring 17 1 � Bit Adapter, Straight I" 2.1 5 1. 95 ea Satin Wax Nat'l 5.80 9820.2 Blade Sharpener 159.10 No. 3202HT 2" Spring TITE BOND Price Each Guide, Roller Attachment Guide, Template Guide 9900B 3"x21" Belt Sander 129.90 No. 641 Edge Clamp 5.35 4.7 5 ea. nts Template Guide, Bit Adapter No. 6709 Press Screws 9.1 0 8.10 ea. Pi $3To R-50 9924DB 3"x24" Belt Sander- 5.25 R-500 $ 1 85.00 No. 9144 Quarts Dustless 13 8.90 Adj. Miter Box 6.85 6.1 5 ea. Gallons 11.50 Ryobl B0451 0 Finishing Sander 4 6.95 and Corner Splicing FRANKLIN WHITE GLUE Price Each B04520 Finishing Sander 50.95 No. 9133 Adj. Miter Box DA3000 and 5.25 4.7 5 ea. Pint � 3/8" Angle Drill 11 3.70 Corner Splici ng Quart ' 4.05 4 05 ea. DP3720 3/8" Reversible Dr l KERF KEEPER - 11.15 ' 5.50 ea. Gallon (0-1800 RPM) 59.95ll DRILL SHARPENER ----- LIQUID HIDE GLUE Price Each DP4700 Drill Reversible 94.95 =� "!':-::SUNGOLD WEIGHT Sold ,n---- packs '/' Pint $ 2.65 L·5S0 8·l IS" TR-30 JG1600 Jig Saw Single 74 X· Sp. .95 Pint 3.70 Planer laminate Tri mer JR300W 2 Sp Reciprosaw Kit124.75 SANDING BELTS of 10 onlv Quart 7.55 Outlasts reQular belts 2 to 1 Blade Adjustment Trimmer Guidem LP2501 Surfacer 2099.00 Size Grit 10 LS1 400 14" Mitre Saw 429.50 50 SPIRAL DOWELS 100/pack Gauge, Sharpening Straight Guide 3"x21 " 12 .83 ea .75 ea Holder Trimmer Bit 0-:100 3/8"x2 $1.70 ZYLISS 80 .85 ea .77 ea 7I16"x2" 2.1 0 L-5S0 $ 1S8.00 TR-30 $7S.85 60 .90 ea Standard $99.50 .82 ea 1/2"x2" 2.55 R,obl 50 .92 ea .84 ea Ryobl Quick Release 119.50 5/8"x2" 2 .95 40 .95 ea .86 ea RH PLUGS 100/pack 1.65 3"x24" 120.100 .8g ea .81 ea PONY CLAMP AXTURES BUTTONS · 10 0/pack 1.65 Each 80 .91 ea .83 ea � FREUD SAW BLADES No. 50'1." $ 7 .85 $ 7.1 0 ea 60 .95 ea .86 ea Carbide Tipped 5/8" Bore No. 52'17' Pipe Clamp 6.40 5.80 ea 50 1.0ge" .99 ea Size Teeth Use Price No. 56W'Pipe Clamp 9.70 8.65 ea 40 1.12ea 1.03 ea No. Ryobl LU721 0 10" 40 General $44.95 No. 1215Band Clamp(WEB )15' 4"x24" 120.1 00 1.50 ea 1.36 ea JSE-80 6.40 5.80 ea 80 1.55 ea 1.40 ea LU7310 10" 60 Cut-off 52.20 E-3700A Orbital Jig Saw No. 6220 20' HD 40.50 36.50 ea 60 1_59 ea 1.44 ea LU731 2 12" 72 Cut-off 74.50 Drywall Screwdriver. Electronic Variable No. 7456 Bar Clamp 50 1.65 ea 1.49 ea LU7810 10" 80 Plastic 79.95 54.40 Pads 2_50 2.25 ea 40 1.70 ea 1.54 ea LU8210 10" 60 Cut·off Variable Speed Speed LU8212 12" 72 Cut-off 81 .50 Reversible Double Insulated JORGENSEN BAR CLAMPS(lImy DulY) SUN GOLD SANDING SHEETS LU841 0 10" 40 Comb. 45.50 Each 9111 Aluminum Olide C Weight LU841 1 10" 50 Comb. 49.90 E-3700A $77.85 JSE-80 $125.80 Grit Pk. of 10 0 78.95 No. 7224 24" $1 6.50 �$1 4.95 ea LU851 0 10" 80 Cui·off JET 14" BAND SAW JET BENCH GRINDERI LM721 0 10" 24 Ripping 41.70 No. 7230 30" 17.25 15.65 ea 150.120.100 $20.95 $3S5.00 SANDER $288.00 22.65 No. 723636" 17.85 16.15ea 80 WHISPER SAW BLADES uses 6"x48" belts. No. 7248 48" 19.75 17.90 ea W 27.� 19.55 ea 50 30.95 8" wheel No. 7260 60" 21 .55 WS72101 0" 40 General 67.60 21 .20 ea 40 36.45 No. 7272 72" 23.40 WS7310 10" 60 Cut-off 77.75 No. 7284 84"• · 25.30 22.95 ea 9111 N on·Loading Silicon Carbide WS781 0 10" 80 Plaslic 115.70 (3 per pkg.) No. 7284 only A Weight WS821 0 10" 60 Cut-off 83.95 JORGENSEN BAR CLAMPS (Meri.Duly) � Pack of 100 All 5/8" Bore (LU7312 -I") Each Pkg 6 400. 360. 320. 280. 240 MORE FREUD TR1 00 3 blades 264.95 No. 371 2 12" $5.85 $5.30 ea 120 $1 8.65 & 220 DS306 6" Dado 98.25 No. 3724 24" 7.20 6.50 ea 91111� tliO ry Silicon Ca rbide DS308 8" Dado 119.75 JET WOODWORKING JET WOODWORKING No. 3736 36" 8.80 7.95 ea C Weighte li SHAPER $425.00 8" JOI R $485.00 - Pack of 100 T NTE Catalog $1 .00 Free with � ABRASIVE BEL CLEANER . ": r any order. 600. 400. 360. 320. 240 Nu-Life No. 1 Pro Size $5.99 . 220. 180 $24.95 Mass. reSidents add 5% tax_

��.�� WEFull Line SHIP QUICK! Freight prepaid in Continental� �� on . . • MAKITA Distributor U.S.A. freight orders of $35 00or more. (under $35.00 add $2.00 ) Minimum Order $15.00

93 Events (continued)

KENTUCKY: Symposiums -Turning, Rude NEVADA: Juried craft fair-KNPR Craft­ 1-12; fu rniture drawing and design, Wendell Osolnik, Dale Nish, June 16-18; turning and works Market, Oct. 28-30, slide deadline Castle and Wm. Sloane, July 25-29; inlay joinery, Rude Osolnik, Warren May, Terry Aug. 1. Write Craftworks, 5151 Boulder and surface embellishmenrs, Richard New­ Fields, July 14-16 (Berea Craft Festival: July Hwy., Las Vegas, 89122. (702) 456-6695. man, Aug. 1-5; benrwood lamination, Mi­ 15-17). Conract).R. Hall, Berea College, CPO chael , Aug. 8- 12; working with green 758, Berea 40404. (606) 986-9341, ext. 440. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Demonstration-Sept. wood, John D. Alexander, Aug. 22-26. Con­ 10, New Hampshire Farm Museum, Milron; tact Lanham Deal, 18 Maple St., Box 36, MAINE: Workshops- Hand-rool ingenuity, hands-on workshop, Sept. 11-14, Lee, N.H. Scottsville, 14546. (716) 889-2378. Sam Manning; plywood lapstrake boatbuild­ Conract Charles Cox, Tuckaway Farm, Box Exhibition and sale-CrotOn Poinr Park, Cro­ ing, Geoffrey Scofield. For catalog, write 57, Lee Rd., Dover, 03820. (603) 868-1822. tOn-on-Hudson, June 18-19. WoodenBoat School, Box 78F, Brooklin, Seminars-Two-week courses on making/ re­ Juried festival-Lincoln Center, New York 046 16. (207) 35 9-4651. pairing violins and bows, June-Aug . Violin City, July 2-3. Exhibit-"Practical Woodwork," Common Inst., Univ. of N.H., Conrinuing Ed., Brook Juried fair- Fairgrounds, New Paltz, Sept. Ground Counrry Fair, Windsor Fairgrounds, House, Durham, 03824. (603) 862-1088. 2-5 . Contact Quail Hollow Events, Box Sept. 23-25. To enter, send SASE to Bob 437B, Woodstock, 12498. (914) 679-8087. Mowdy, RFD 1, Box 524, Bradford, 044 10. NEW JERSEY: Juried invitational-Malloran Summer workshops-Lake Placid. Write Spe­ (207) 327-2111. Convention Crr., Pennsauken, N.J. Trade: cial Programs, Parsons School of Design, 66 Sept. 22-23; public: Sept. 24-25. Write Craft Fifth Ave., N.Y., 10011. (2 12) 741-8975. MARYLAND: Crafts fes tivals-A number of Market America, Box 30, Sugarloaf, N.Y. Exhibit- and decoys, Sept. 17-18, arts and crafts shows ro be held in '83. Write 10981. (914) 469-2248. American Civic Assoc., BinghamtOn. Robert Deann Verdier, Sugarloaf Mounrain Works, Fischer, 3520 Vestal Rd., Vestal, 13850. Ijamsville, 21754. (301) 831-9191. NEW MEXICO: Exhibition/sale -Recenr work Workshops-Make a classical guitar, July by Sam Maloof, Art Carpenrer, Steve Madsen, 11-22 or Aug. 8-19; Japanese woodworking, MASSA CHUSETTS: Consultation -Antiques Warren Fenzi, James Rannef eld and others, June 13-17, Aug. 1-5; varnish making and I.D. and care, June 30, July 28, Aug. 25, opening June 18; "Taos furniture," June 18. application, Aug. 20-2 1. Robert Meadow, Sept. 29; Traditional-craft fair, Nov. 5-6, Palisander Gallery, 4 Benr St., Taos, 87571. The Lurhierie, 2449 W. Saugerties Rd., Sau­ deadline Aug. 1. Contact Frank G. White, (505) 758-8455. gerties, 12477. (9 14) 246-5207. (617) 347-3362 . Old Sturbridge Village, Stur­ Shows-J uly 3-16, Aug. 14-27. Conrempo­ Seminar-Instrumenr making, Robert Mead­ bridge, 01566. (617) 347-3362. rary Craftsman Gallery, 100 W. San Francisco ow, July 26. Foundation for Baroque Music, St., Sanra Fe, 87501. (505) 988- 1001. RD 1, WiltOn Rd., Greenfield Ctr., 12833. MICHIGAN: Seminar -Japanese woodwork­ Exhibit/sale-Sculpture, through June 25, Jef­ ing techniques, Toshio Odate, June 24-26, NEW YORK: Rhinebeck-Trade, June 21-22; frey Briggs, Michael Coffey, Walter Horak. Clague Middle School, Ann Arbor, 48 107. public, June 24-26. Dutchess Counry Fair­ Verbena Gallery, Fourth Floor, 16 W. 56th grounds. American Craft Enrerprises, Box 10, St., New York, 10019. (2 12) 586-3606. MINNESOTA: Juried exhibition-Furniture, New Paltz, 12561. (914) 255-0039. Crafts-Madison Sq. Garden, Aug. 14-16. carving and accessories. Minneapolis, fa ll of Workshops-Hisrory of fu rniture from 1750, '83. Write Minnesota Woodworkers' Guild, ChristOpher Monkhouse, June 18-19; Wind­ NORTH CAROLINA: Workshops-Through Box 8372, Minneapolis, 55408. sor chairmaking, Michael Dunbar, June Aug. 26, with John McNaughton, Wendy 20-24; furniture design and consrruction, Lee Maruyama, Hunter Kariher, Simon Watts, MISSOURI: Show-Glass //Wood, Schuette, June 22-July 8; turning, Stephen Seth Stem, David Ellsworth, David Anhalt, July 16-Aug. 13. Craft Alliance, 6640 Delmar Hogbin, July 11 -15; post-and-beam construc­ Dan Rodriguez. Penland School of Crafts, Blvd., St. Louis, 63130. (314) 725-1151. tion, Rick McAulay, July 18-29 and Aug. Penland, 28765. (704) 765-2359.

HILLER HARDWARE CO. NOW CUT PERfECT RINGS IN ANY WOOD Any Angle ...Any Size to 12" Diameter Ring Master is a re

New larger stones provide larger working surface, longer LAMELLOSwis Mins madeilo jointing To toolp plunge cuts stone life, and greater stability while sharpening. HIGHLAND HARDWARE matching grooves for La­ 1034 N. HIGHLAND AVENUE NE, DEPT 41F 700 grit coarse 3"x8Y,' x 2Y,' $24.50 Postpaid mello splines. Po sitions ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30306 (404) 872 -4466 1000 grit coarse 4"x9V,' x 3" $29.50 Postpaid quickly for rapid assembly MasterCardlVisa users outside Georgia 6000 grit finish 2V,'x8Vz" x 7/s" $18.50 Postpaid and maximum joint strength. 115 volts. 4.6 amps. 8000 RPM. ORDER TOLL FREE 8000 grit Gold finish2¥!,'x8Vz " x 7/s " $29.50 Postpaid 800·241·6748 Set of all 4 large Waterntones $89.00 Postpaid $58000 POSTPAlD Send $1.00for our 1983 catalog (free with order).

You're paying tOOl much for Model 202 Model 303 Model 101

MODEL 202 A suberb medium sized miter box, more than adequate for all fumiture and frame work. The fine blade (18 TPI) and smooth Kiln Dried Lumber but snug guides give unusually good blade control to assure you of a unless you dry your own. preciSion cut every time. The table is preciSion machined, mounted on laminated wood base plate with rubbe r feel. * Table length 18", Cutting width @ 90° 6'12", Depth 4'12" Save as much as one dollar per board foot buying green * Auxiliary stop for lengths up to 26 " * Five preset "Quick Lock" lumber and kiln drying it yourself. angle stops plus lockability at any angle from 45° - 90° * Shipping wI. 14 V. Ibs. This savings allows you to recover your total kiln invest­ MODEL 303 Smaller version of the #202 utilizing the Nobex back saw. ment in less than a year. And with Ebac's one year * Table length 11 % ", Cutting width @ 90° 2 ", Depth 3" * Five V. unconditional warranty, you can't lose. preset "Quick Lock" angle stops plus lockability at any angle as the #202 * A precision tool throughout * Shipping wI. 8% Ibs. Ebac lumber dryer prices start as low as $1,245. Write MODEL 101 Bring the tool to the work. or call for more information. Ask how you can receive a * Magnetic face plate with steel bearings * Three preset angle free computerized proposal for a custom kiln chamber stops plus calibrated scale and lockability at any angle from 45° - 90° * Strong and lightweight * Shipping wI. 2 V. Ibs. to meet your kiln dried lumb er requirements. Contact us for the miter boxes with the quality cuI. CORPORATION Ebac of America 2833NOB Leon Street, P.O. Box 538 3201 North Shadeland Muskegon, Michigan 49443 Telephone (61 6) 759-8631 Indianap'olis, IN 46226 Representatives wanted (317) 547-0366 IEbac

95 Events (continued)

Country Workshops-Chairmaking, Dave Saw­ Craft Enterprises, Box 10, New Paltz, N.Y. by Sterling College and Srrong's Canoe Yard, yer, July 4-8, July 25-29; Japanese wood­ 12561. (914) 255-0039. Craftbury Common, 05827. (802) 586-2561. working, Carl Swensson, Aug. 1-5; knife, ax Exhibition-Contemporary art, thtOugh Sept. and , Aug. 15-19, & cooperage, Aug. 29- 25; Museum of Art, RISD, 224 Benefit St., WASHINGTON: Saturday workshops-One­ Sept. 2, Drew Langsner. Country Workshops, Providence, 02903. (401) 331-3511. day skiff, July 9. NW School of Wooden Rr. 3, Box 262, Marshall, 28753. Boatbuilding, 251 OttO Sr., Glenn Cove In­ Fairs-Asheville Civic Ctr., Haywood Sr., July TENNESSEE: Courses-Wood turning, Rude dus. Pk., POrt Townsend , 98368. 20-23, Oct. 20-22. Contact James Gentry, S. Osolnik, June 27- July 1; marquetry and in­ Workshop-Woodbending, Steven Foley, lec­ Highland Guild, Box 9545, Ashe­ lay, Silas Kopf, July 4-8; fu rnituremaking, ture Aug. 19, workshop Aug. 20. Contact ville. (704) 298-7928. John Dunnigan, July 18-29; production N.W. Gallery, 202 1st Ave. S., Seattle, woodworking, Bradford Smith, Aug. 15-19; 98104. (206) 625-0542. OKLAHOMA: Carving show-J uly 8-10, resroration workshop, Adam Turtle, Aug. Woodland Hills Mall, 71st and S. Memorial, 1-5. Appalachian Crr. for Crafts, Box 347A- I, WEST VIRGINIA: Seminars-Turning, Palm­ Tulsa. Contact Jim Inman, (918) 627-1602. Rt. 3, Smithville, 37166. (615) 597-680 1. er Sharpless, July 1 1-15; joinery, Robert Kopf, Workshops/exhibition-School faculty, July 18-22; oak basketry, Connie and Tom PENNSYL VANIA: Crafts exhibition-July 5, through Aug. 19; furniture consrruction, Jere McColley, July 18-22. Write Crafts Ct r., Ce­ Museum of Art, Pa. State Univ., Univ. Park. Osgood, July 4-15; turning, David Ellsworth, dar Lakes, Ripley, 25271. (304) 372- 6263. Exhibition-Port of HistOry Museum, Penns Aug. 8-12, Aug. 15-19. Arrowmont School Summer cl asses-Treenware, hammered dulci­ Landing. Through July 4. Society of Phila. of Arts and Crafts, Box 567, Gatlinburg, met, basketry, chairmaking, instrument re­ Woodworkers, 4101 LauristOn Sr., Phila. 37738. (6 15) 436-5860. pair, folk carving, whirtling, coopering, whire Juried exposition-David Lawrence Conven­ oak baskerry, July IO -Aug. 14. Write Augus­ tion Ctr., Pittsburgh. November 25-27, TEXAS: Show-Open ro Austin area wood­ ra Heritage Arts Workshop, Davis & Elkins deadline Aug. l. Contact Quail Hollow workers, Nov. 11-20. Deadline Aug. 1. Aus­ College, Elkins, 26242. (304) 636-1903. Events, Box 437B, Woodsrock, New York, tin Woodworkers Guild, 225 N. Congress, 12498. (914) 679-8087. Suite 156, Austin, 78701. (512) 282-0493. WISCONSIN: Workshops/exhibition/sale­ Juried craft festival-Longs Park, Sept. 3-5. Carving, musical insr., wood I.D., fu m. de­ Slides. Write Longs Park Amphitheater Foun­ UTAH: Workshops-June 27 -July 1, July sign, rurning; trade show: tOols, machines. dation, Box 5153, Lancaster, 17 601. 25-29, Aug. 1-5; Rude Osolnik, Sept. July 15-17. Cont. Ed., Univ. of Wisconsin­ Wholesale/retail exhibition- The Wood­ 19-23. Craft Supplies, 1644 S. State, Provo, StOur, Menomonie, 5475 1. (715) 232-116 7. worker," at Phila. Armory, Sept." 22-25. Con­ Crafts e t val 84601. (80l) 373-0917. f s i -DowntOwn Menasha, July 16. tact R. Rothbard, Craft Market America, Box Workshop-Gamebird carving, Richard Le­ 30, Sugarloaf, N.Y. 10981. (9 14) 469-2248. Mascer, July 18-22. Write Dale Nish, QUEBEC: Show-Canada /Wood '83, Oct. Symposium-Seminars, workshops, lectures, Brigham Young University, Pro vo, 84602. 27-30. Wrire Cahners Expo Group, 12233 with Alphonse Mattia, Robert DeFuccio, (801) 378-649 1. W. Olympic Blvd., Suire 236, Los Angeles, Steve Ripper, Mark Sfirri, Jon Alley, Rosanne Calif. 90064. (2 13) 826-6070. Somerson. Bucks County Community College, VERMONT: Classes-Machine woodwork, Aug. 27-28. Also, B.C. Woodworkers' travel­ June 27-July 2, July 18-23; , AUSTRALIA: Seminar-Turning, Sept. 17-18. ing show (Artmobile). Write Amy Orr, July 25-30; woodworking skills, Aug. 1-6; J-Stick, 12 Oxley Terrace, Corinda Q. 407 5. BCCC, ewtOwn, 18940. (2 15) 968-8424. carcase and drawer, Aug. 8-13. Kirby Stu­ dios, N. BenningtOn, 05257. (802) 442-3119. ENGLAND: Summer courses-One week each, RHODE ISLAND: Craf t fair-J uly 22-24, Workshops-Building the traditional wood starr Aug. 7. Alan Perers, Aller Srudios, Kentis­ Newport Yachting Crr. Con tan American canvas canoe, Sept. 24-0ct. 2. Co-sponsored! �e, CullomptOn, Devon, EX15 2BU.

Cut time. Slipcases Cut errors. for your Cut cost. back issues The revolutionary T-Square™saw fence and Bound in dark blue and guide system economically converts any embossed in gold, thest' home table saw to cut like the most expen- durable cases will pro­ tect your back issues of sive profeSSional model. Set up and make Fine Wood working and perfectly square cuts in seconds on either help you keep order on side of the blade. Eliminate hand measuring your boo kshelf (or in your shop). Each case errors with our precision pointer. Designed holds at least 6 issues of by a cabinetmaker for cabinetmakers. Try the magazine-more of wee it our earlier, thinner is­ for two ks at no risk. can782·1831800- sues. The cost is $5.95 toll free for information. each, $17 for 3, $30 for 6 (U.S. currency, please). Please send your order and payment to Jesse Jones Industries,Dept. FWW, P.O. Box51 20, Philadelphia, PA 19141.

96 Fine Woodwork COMPARE THE COMPARE THE Deserves CUT! COST! ThiS W&H Fine Hardware LONG LASTING Molder I Planer Door & Cabinet TUNGSTEN CARBIDE CUTTERS Will Add Fittings ROUTER BITS %" shank versatility from the Craftsmen HII03 'A" Slot Cutter $17.20 of Europe HI507 'A" Round Nose $15.65 And Economy H304 '12 " Straight Send $2.00 for Catalogue w/bearing guide$' 1.50 TO Your workshop Dealer Inquiries Invited H404 'A" Dovetail $12.00 H702 'I2"V·Grooving HII03 - $18.00 Jl Versatile Because it does so many jobs so easily: base­ 11Ft'r,·1'1. Fm·�.·.F\\:! Lt.1. DELTA TYPE 3-WING SHAPER CUTTERS bore with 112" bushing boards, picture frames, raised 1'.0. B,,, .• II 3;"" , models, miniature · COI021 Cabinet Set II,,,,,,, ,·,'. \, .\\ IIalii 1',1" 0:\;:;:; . $278 furniture, and much more. ... 5 cutters I spacer COIOl8 Ogee $55 Converts from molder to COIOl9 GlueJoint $55 planer in two minutes. COI020 'A" Straight - $55 Economical Because it COIOI O 'I. " & 'loi!" Otr. Rnd $60 & 'A" Bead COIOl9 does the job of several tools. �� Eliminates machine shop set­ Piscataway 2-WING BORING BITS ting. Helps cut the cost of re­ %" shank with brad center storing old homes, building Company FOl801 3,4 " $28 new ones. Cast ir on and steel FOREIGN & DOMESTIC FOl802 Va " $28 construction assures long, HARDWOOD LUMBER FOl803 I" $28 trouble-free life. • Black Walnut . White Oak . Red Oak FOl805 1'12" $36 Excellent for flat F01807 For molding, select from 40 • Q uarter Sawn White Oak. Maple • Teak 2" $45 bottom drilling. • Chestnut • Po plar • Cherry • Bubinga sets of standard knives, or have • Goncalo Alves • Mahogany • Redwood For complete brochure/price 'ist send $1 (refundable special kn ives made from a with first order). All cutters guaranteed against de- PRICES BELOW WHOLESALE 8 sketch or sample of finished fects. All prices include shipping. Calif. residents add WILL SHIP ANYWHERE 6%% sales tax. Visa and M/C accepted. molding up to wide. 14514 Main Street 7" (415) 567·7276 Upper Marlboro, MD 20772 109 Minna St., Dept. 41 5 (301) 627-2020 San Francisco ITH&SOOL col CA 94105-3796

For planing, conver ts waste and rough-sawn wood to dressed lumber, virtually free of wave and chatter marks. NOW! Brand your own name Planes boards up to 14" wide; permanently on wood and leather planes down to 1/16". handcrafts! Simple to use. Long Surprising How Much Hand lasting U L approved electric handle. Brands full name. Guaranteed. Sanding can be Saved with a CRAFT MARK PRODUC• TS, INC. P.O. Box 6308 -F-7 Marietta, GA 30065 SANCONTOUD-O-R SANDERFLE X8 14,000 "Sanding Fingers" YAROS OF ABRAS'VE per minute, eliminates CLOTH tedious hand sanding. UNDER Firm cushioning COVER brushes gently force slashed abra­ sive strips over any shape and will not harm or gouge Handfeed and powerfeed fine detail or veneers. models available, starting from --- - VISA5430.00. Master Charge and ---- cards accepted, Free ,... MERITABRASIVE PRODUCTS,INC. brochure on request. I ,..201 Manville, Box 5447, Compton, CA 90224 ; I ORDER BY MAIL it not available at your I Rocking Horse Plan hardware or home center I Buitd this all-time favorite usi ng our futl-size I SANDER KIT No. 35 8 brush 6" x 1" WILLIAMS & HU�SSEY MACH INE CO. DEPT. H. plans. Features fancy harness, flowing mane & 0 wheel and 3 abrasive refill coils. Adapters I Milford . N. tail, and padded seat. Size: 25" x 36". I for 3/8" or 1/4" drill chucks or benCh 16, 03055 $ PLAN-$5.50 Catalog-$ l.OO 95 I I, motor. Includes postage handlong. 25 • ARMOR PROD UCTS & (603) 673-3446 Box 290-0 Deer Pa rk, NY 11729 , "..... ------�'!:.--., 97 Connections In Connections we 'll publish membership School Survey Update New England Trade and Technical Institute 750 Massabesic Sc. calls fo r guilds, queries from authors, In FWW we listed as many wood­ and appeals fr om readers who want to #39 Manchester, New Hampshire 03 103. working schools as we could find in the share special interests. United States and Ca nada . Realizing Jamestown Community College S.U.N.Y. Artisan Ctr., Jamestown, New York 1470 1. Motorized furniture plans sought, James Bond that there were bound to be some that we style-sliding panels or walls, raising table, would miss in the first round, we promised The Woods hop at Greenwich House New York etc. Pat Curran, 2670 Montana 206, Colum­ an update in this iss ue. It 's encouraging 27 Barrow St., New York, 10014. bia Falls, Mont. 599 12. that, with these additions, the tally now Catawba Valley Technical College exceeds three hundred schools. The fo llow­ Hickory, North Carolina 2860 1. WOW: Western Ohio Woodworking Club for ing are listed alphabetically by state. Linn-Benton Community College amateurs and professionals. Write Jack Fisher, 6500 SW Pacific Blvd. 270 Hilltop Dr., Dayton, Ohio 45415. Palomar College, 1140 W. Mission Rd. Albany, Oregon 9732 1. San Marcos, California 92069. Bucks County Community College Alabama Woodworkers Guild: Write Box 327, Office of Admissions Pelham, Ala. 35124. Berea College Woodcraft Pennsylvania CPO Box 2320, Berea, Kentucky 40404. Newtown, 18940. Vermont Instrument Workshop French sought: I have a fe llowship to Jefferson Parish Vocational-Technical School Box 115, POSt Mills, Vermont 05058. study luthiery in England for a year, and next 5200 Blair Drive, Metairie, Louisiana 7000 1. would like an apprenticeship in . Tim Everett Community College Haystack Mountain School of Crafts Englert, Box 12 47, Gambier, Ohio 43022. 801 Wetmore Ave. Deer Isle, Maine 04 627. Everett, Washington 98201. The Landing Boatshop Toymakers and toy stores: The Toymaker News Northwest School of Wooden Boatbuilding Box 1490, Kennebunkport, Maine 04046. fe atures free listing of retail outlets for crafts­ 330 10th St., POrt Townsend men. Love-Built Toys, 2907 Lake Forest Rd., The WoodenBoat School Washington 98368. Box 5459, Tahoe City, Calif. 95730. PO Box 78, Brooklin, Maine 046 16. University of Wisconsin-Stout University of Maryland-Eastern Shore Menomonie, Wisconsin 54 751. Philadelphia Woodworkers Society of sponsors Box 1124, Princess Anne, Maryland 21853. educational events, seminars and shows. Open Canadian Woodworker, Ltd. to all. 4101 Lauriston St., Phila., Pa. 19128. Heartwood Owner-Builder School, Johnson Rd. 4-1391 St. James St. Washington, Massachusetts 01235. Winnipeg, Manitoba R3H OZ 1. Orange County Woodworkers Association: Northern Michigan University Ebenisterie Quebec, Inc., 28 St. Joseph Write Box 2, Placentia, Calif. 92670. Marquette, Michigan 498 55. Ville Mercier, P.Q., Quebec JOL lK O.

Vladimir Kagan needs EXPER­ Fine Latin American HARD­ EBONY and ROSEWOOD for CLASSIFIED IENCED CABINETMAKERS famil­ WOODS. Black Mountain Wood musical instruments, inlaying, knife iar with fine veneer work and precision Co., Box 3525, Portland, ME 04104. handles and pool cues. Contact PO joinery. Light, beautifully-equipped (207) 772-3332. Box 32, Haddon Hts., NJ 08035 or Established CABINET SHOP in workshop located in L.I.c., New call (609) 546-2903. Maine. 3PH, tewited, insulated, kiln FOR LOVERS OF WOOD: Exten­ York. Send resume and portfolio (if HARDWOOD PLYWOODS. Ash, and post and beam cape. Buy the busi­ sive inventory of top-quality foreign available) to: Michael Leidner, 21-21 Baltic birch, ted, white or natural ness or jusr rhe buildings and equip­ and domestic hardwoods, musical in­ 41st Ave., L.I.c., NY 11101. birch, cherty, mahogany, maple, knot­ ment. (603) 356-3727. strument supplies. New and exciting RALEIGH -North Carolina State species. 8 years experience in ship­ ty pine, red oak, wpite oak, walnut, SPACE AND EQUIPMENT for rent. University Craft Centet. Aug. 10 th ments to U.S.A. and Canada. A. & M. teak. All items Y.in. and 'Y. in. thick­ $ 175 monthly includes everything. through 14th workshop, "Laminated Wood Specialty Inc., PO Box 3204, ness. Sheet sizes 4x8, 2x8, 4x4, 2x4 or Hearrwood Craftsman, Inc., 312 W. and Tutned Wood Containers" taught Cambridge, Ontario, Canada N3H precision cut (7(. in. tolerance) to any Columbia Ave., Philadelphia, PA by William Long. Housing available. 4S6. (5 19) 653-9322. size, paying for what you order. 19122. (2 15) 236-3050. For broch ure contact Craft Center, Box Edging for all species in hardwood ve­ 5217, Raleigh, NC 27650 or call BIRD'S-EYE and CURLY MAPLE, neer strips or hardwood molding :v. in. WANTED: Resident woodworker, all (9 19) 737-2457. fifty ft. or thousand s. $1.80 to $12. by 'Y. in. Sheets of hardwood veneer skills, imagination. Apartment, salary. List available. Cornucopia, Harvard, with polyester backing. Wholesale Hour from NYC. Box 30, Sugarloaf, Artistic WOODTURNI G IN­ MA 01451-0044. (617) 456-3201. quantity discounts. Call (617) 666- NY 10981. (9 14) 469-2248. STR UCTION by a designer craftsman 1340 for quotations. Shipping in USA TURNERS, CARVERS, CRAFTS­ with 20 years teaching experience. via UPS or a common carrier. Boulter MEN. Fruitwood stumps, book­ WOODWORKING JOURNALIST Two-day course with emphasis on Plywood Corp., 24 Broadway, Somer­ matched slabs, cur to your specifica­ to join Taunton Press staff as assistant bowlturning utilizing the cutting ville, MA 02 145. editor. Successful candidate must have method . Write Wayne Konkle, PO tion. Domestic and exotic available, job experience in cabinet or general Box 4, ShatOn, WI 53585. AD or green. For brochure send SASE BOSCH, MAKITA, Porcer-Cable, woodworking shop, plus job experi­ to World Exotic Woods, Ltd., PO Box Elu, etc. Free price list. Send SASE ro Purchase of 3 HITACHI power tOols ence as a writer or editOr, or proven 772, Hermosa Beach, CA 90254. Finan, RD 1, Hop-Bottom, PA discounted, makes you a Mini Dealer deftness with the English language. 18824. (717) 289-4686. in your area. Call Kalman Electric now! 60 Beautiful BARN/WORKSHOP Drawing and photOgraphic aptitude INCA LATHE! Mahogany Master­ Box 186, Boston. (6 17) 782-0300. PLANS. (large/small). Catalog $3. an asset; relocare to westetn Connecti­ (refundable). Ashlandbarns, 990WF pieces, No. 1 INCA dealer in 1982, CUt. Liberal benefits, challenging work, has specially purchased the last INCA F.). FITCHETT Foreign and Domes­ Butlercreek, Ashland, OR 97520. good working conditions. Send resume tic Hardwoods, veneers and plywood. lathes ever to be made. Never exported and letter stating salary requirements, CustOm millwork, resawing of lumber. FOREDOM miniature power tools at to America before. Available while with photOS or slides of recent work to: Send SASE for price list. 409-41 I discount prices. Send SASE (37'): Smit supply lasts from Mahogany Master­ Personnel Manager, The Taunton 24th St., West Palm Beach, FL Products Inc., Box 722, Bloomfield pieces, RFD I, Wing Rd., Suncook, Press, Box 355, NewtOwn, CT 06470. 33407. (305) 833-5777. Hills, MI 480 13. NH 03275. Send $1 for details.

PRECISION: -----, THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR NOBEX 202 JOINT-MATIC _ PRECISION. THE JWT MOISTURE READY FOR YOUR KILN R PROVIDES A LEVEL OF � NEW INNOVATIONS METER � I ACCURACY NOT AVAILABLE QUALITY HARDWOOD LUMBER ���oo $8800 ;�. ,-, ':1 IN JOINT MAKING FROM POCKET TYPE DEVICES. GREENLEE/MARPLES �fji · • . Crea1e 1hrough and 3/8" Blue Chip Chisels 1 . PROFESSIONAL QUALITY IS NOW $2 99EA. ; GREEN DR AIR DRIED Sliding Dove1ails. AVAILABLE AT AN . 11. Mortise, Tenon, Box OUTSTANDING PRICE. . Contact Carl Rice at �- I 1.l--- Joinls & many more GREENLEE AUGER BIT SET- • Complete Kit plus $3.00 '. 1/16". �I: Inventive Joints shipping & 5 pc­ $69 handling �..--l ;m�" :iJ7;s} ONLY $6.99 with so much ease, �mpfrt JBl)oob speedand accuracy Assembled units also available­ ASK FOR• OUR• BARGAIN LIST Send $1. for AMEX MC VISA Accep1ed send SAS E for details ((tompanp Brochure. JACKSON WOOD TECHNOLOGY 791 C. Empire Mill Road STRONG TOOL OESIGN 1616 CAPITAL AVENUE 47401 TOOLHAUZ14 Charles Steet CORP . 20425 Beatrice Bloomington, Indiana Needham, Mass. 02194 MADISON, WISCONSIN 53705 Livonia, (617) 449-4256, 1-(800) 451·2503 Mass Watts MI 48152 DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED

98 SANDVIK BAND SAWS. Send � -�� SASE for price sheet. Tru Edge, 231 • DOOR . W I NDOWS . fiXED I\. MOVA 8LE LOUVRES . CABINET DOORS . BRANDING Baltimore Annapolis Blvd., Severna Park, MD 21146. • DRILL PRESSIRONS or HANDHELD '...... Id«lI250llI to 500 wattsdoPVIw NEW ENGLANDERS! Aurhorized A HORIZONTAL BORING ATTACHMENT (�� .l(ontrol UM ... INCA dealer/service center delivering FOR RADIAL ARM SAWS For Custom Logos or Artwork in central New England and Bosron. FEATURES, SEND FOR FREE BROCHURE Machines, accessories and parrs in x • fits most IOU 12" radial arm saws. srock. Demonstrated by professional • Sturdy, accurate. safe. easy set up and operation � woodworkers. Mahogany Master­ INTRODUCTORY OFFER INCWDES, E z pieces, Bear Brook State Park, in sales­ • Complete conversion kit. � • One %" drill bil- tax-free scenic New Hampshire. (603) THE LUTHIERIE • Adapter (pleasespec ify your r1'\c\k e of SclW). 736-8227. No. 1 INCA dealer in • Pack of do�ls. glue &. dispenser. School of andInstrument Making19 82. Exclusive monthly payment Make check or money order payable to: Japanese Hand Woodworking plan for New Englanders. DREAM VENTURES, Inc, RobertW,;te orMeadow call(914) for 246-5207 our free brochureINCA OWNERS: New dust collec­ $89.95 rors from Europe for quick connection �!: :=298-7070,J� :� �;5e 2449 West Saugerties Road • Cc\li(. residents add sales tax. (1 Y " � y 1II ' t ment plan! Exclusively from Mahog­ terpiece Tools, RFD I, Wing Rd., Berkeley, CA 947 10. '1'b ' 11, , , ,111 l, Hi t· <1(1 ", II) , Suncook, NH 03275. Oiichi chisels . .... any Masterpieces for woodworkers THE GOLD LEAF PEOPLE'", genu­ with proper handles. anywhere in New England! Lease an ine, imitation sheets, rolls, supplies, TABLE STROKE SANDER INCA for as little as $35/month for 3 UNIVERSAL TABLE SAW JIG! The and texrs. In USA: 23 Lawrence (#8), 4 MuMI. $�H�.INI -$fiH�.!NI BALL years or Hitachi Super Surfacer for Master Jig from R. ). DeCristoforo. Spring Valley, NY 10977. Canada: 1l.I,,, $7�O.!NI- 8!11NI.!NIBEARING $103/month. (603) 736-8227. Will fit any table saw. Allows the user 454 Lawrence West, Toronto, Onto o - Sand 38" x 6' & 8' MAKITA TOOLS. We will nOt be ro do tenoning, mirering, vertical M5M lC4. 5:...: zw t' Sf -=it.m. \·idf'.�/nJItf''' .\'lrinll .'Wlndf'f'II undersold. Call (800) 331-TOOL for mitering, circle cutting, notching, ta­ PLANES TUNED, including grinding 4,.m'/r,hl", Ail.� .\'4f} III S·l1fJ. (Less Motor) price quotes. Example: 2400B, $249 pering, multiple cross cutting and more. sole flar. Smooth, $50. Jack, $60. F.O.B. • 1950·F Full size plans. Send $12 to DeCristo­ McCall House, Box delivered. Caralogs, $1. A.E.S., Box Jointer, $70. HIS, $5. Bordelon, 1220 Lenoir, N.C. 28645. 704·758· 1991 1790, Forr Bragg, CA 95437. (707) foro Designs, 27082 Horseshoe Ln. Mockingbird, Crowley, LA 70526. 964-6661 (Calif.). #2, Los Alros Hills, CA 94022. FREE CATALOG! Veneering sup­ HUDSON VALLEY INCA-Sterling FREE CATALOG. High-quality hand plies, wood roy parts/plans, furniture .u.nerSMm...... k Woodcraft. INCA demonstration July woodworking tools for the cabinet­ plans, woodworkers books, dowels, Precision Band Sawn, Extra Wide Stock. maker, carver, boat builder and timber EXOTIC AND DOMESTIC LUMBER 1 & 2, Box 335A R.D. 3, Highland, caning supplies. Simplified veneering Personalized Service - (215) 775-0400 NY 12528. (9 14) 883-6780. . Woodbutcher Tools, 38 Cen­ instructions included. Hurry! Morgan, RD#3, Box 303, Mohnton, PA 19540 rer St., Bath, ME 04530. (207) F04M02, 1123 Bardstown, Louisville, MAKIT A planers, JET stationary 442-7939. KY 40204. rools and HITACHI combos ar lowest prices. Pro Shop, (312) 832-3803, PO GREENLEE BRAD POINT BRANDING IRONS. Permanently Box 721G, Elmhurst, IL 60 126. DRILLS. Set of seven high-carbon mark wood. Free informarion, sample tem ered steel drills. Includes in, brand. Nova Tool, PO Box 29 341, RESTORED MACHINERY. Finesr p Ys 7(, in., in, in., in., in., in. bits Lincoln, NE 68529. woodworking machines ever made. �6 �6 % and Xprotective pouch.o/s Designed for use Oliver, Yates, Northfi eld. , NORTHERNERS. Sharpen ice au­ in drill press or in. portable drill. POL VETHVlENE Gl VeOl rable saws, wood lathes, etc. Puget % gersl Average 15 minures per auger. Sale price $22 posrpaid. Wood butcher Thenew wood stebiliztl, Sound Machinery, (206) 627-0802. All kinds. Equipment, materials, Tools, 38 Center St., Bath, ME instrucrions. Complete information, end chemical .ea.oning .gtlnt. GENERAL WOODWORKING 04530. (207) 442-7939. Mak. c rack-fr ..table top.from logcross section. and $!. Thomas Bushey, PO Box 1253, flawfoss bowt. andcarvings from gr.. n scrap wood. MACHINERY. Send $3 for catalog. St. Albans, VT 05478. S 1.00 for catalog. John Gorrell Woodworking, 7188 FREE BROCHURE. Taper-point The Crane Creek Company drills, , doweling drills, POWER TOOLS SERVICED Whitfield Dr., Riverdale, GA 30296. Box 5553 F spiral-groove dowel pins, wooden balls promptly by experienced personnel. Madison, Wisconsin 53705 CARPENTERS MACHINERY CO., and wheels, Shaker pegs. Odd Ball Send roo Is ro be repaired ro Kalman IN C. has one of the largesr inventories Supply, Box 133, No. Attleboro, MA Electric, 119 N. Beacon Sr., Boston, of new and used industrial woodwork­ 02761. MA 02 135. (617) 782-0300. ing machinery in the country. Over TURNINGS 100,000 sq. ft. inventory. Offices in FOLDING TIMBER GOUGE TOYMAKEAS SUPPLIES PROFESSIONAL WALNUT AND OAK DOWELS Philadelphia and York, Pa. Call us for Furniture Plugs, Pins, Buttons our specials or with your needs. Re­ TURNING TOOLS Cabinet Spindles and Knobs Shaker Pegs and Candle Cups built RockwellPorta Nailer, 99. Car­ Fittings and accessories WOODWORKS penters Machinery Co., Inc. 2 12 N. Send one dollar bill for catalog 4013·A Clay Ave. Ft. Worth, TX 761 17 81 7-281-4447 llrh St., Philadelphia, PA 19107. PETER (2 15) 922-7034; 365 W. Cottage PI., CHILD Send 25- - Catalog Wood Parts The Old Hyde, Little Veldham, York, PA 17403. (717) 843-2 101. Halstead, Essex, England. SILVO HARDWARE, 188-page Hand & Power Tool Catalog, $ 1. WOOD SCREW SPECIALS Dept. FW3-8, 2205 Richmond St., # 8 X 1 � Flat Head Wood Screws -Phillips Philadelphia, PA 19125. for 1000 $15.99 JAPANESE TOOLS SINCE 1888. Add for shipping. Fastener Catalog FREE $2.50 Free catalog. Tashiro's, "Monday thru with order. MasterCard and VISA accepted. IntrodUCing the Beall Wood ·threader, a new and Friday", 618 So. Jackson, Seattle, WA better way to cut threads In ANY kind of wood. THE NUm CO" INC, This patented device attached to your router al­ 98104. (206) 622-8452. "Saturdays lows you to make perfect y, " , v." and 1" threads. 473, Dept. P.O. 80x FW only", 301 West Holly, Bellingham, For more informatIon wme: Derby, CT 06418 Swans WA 98225. (206) 647-0133. I 541 RO��'4�3�5�5e04�k, Ohio I 43055

99 BEAUTIFUL WOOD FINISHING Build your own WOODEN CAS­ PLANS is easy with the Sealacell 3-step wipe­ KET! Send 4.95 for instruaive blue­ DETAILED-STEP-BY-STEP CRIITI IN HEIRLOOM ldeel .Iudent woodworkIng project. on process because it produces a hand­ prints. Shelters (FW), Campwood thet glv. prof.lllon.1 rHull•. rubbed finish without special equip­ Rte., Prescott, AZ 86301. CATALOG of PATOTTTERNS& DISIIN TOYMAKERS SUPPLIESS StKklnSli Booke ... . GrandfatherClock with ment or techniques and dries dust-free. Curto Cabinet . Qrandmoth« Clock MAKE WOOD TOYS FOR PROF­ S1.SO(U.S.dcWhm) Free Wood Finishing Guide and Pro­ Adfu.table Book.land IT. Toy pares, patterns wholesale. BROCHURE $1.00 (refunded wtth order) ducts Catalog. General Finishes, Box Lovebuilr Toys, FW7, Tahoe City, "HOI T TUft PI ,'�S Depl F7 3 14363F, Milwaukee, WI 53214. TOY DESIGNS, CA 95730-5459. 7707 Aurora Ave N Seattle WA 98103 P. D. BOX 441F, NewtaD,lawa sam LOTS '0 LOCKS. German imponed Professional plans fo r 18th-Century fu rnirure locks of every description. FRENCH COUNTRY FURNI­ Unusual, special purpose. Target TURE. Catalog, $1 (refundable). Ste­ and Carving ATT Locks, 609 Plandome Rd., Manhasset, phen Osborne, Piedmont, Quebec, Tools and Supplies Yo u'll findSE a l arge selectionLE of the NY 11030. Canada JOR lKO. best woodworking tools at: New c3talog-60e. American CARVED QUEEN ANNE LEGS. In Historic full-size ORAWINGS of and foreign madequalitYlools. The Wooden Boat Shop eleven different sizes and shapes for 1007 NE Boat St., Seattle, WA 98105 Hemsch, Ruckers, etc. Plans, $30; (206) your cusrom-made projects. For bro­ Catalog, $3. R.K. Lee, 353 W. WARREN TOOL Co., INC. 634-3600 chure send $1 ro Windsor Classics, Rt. 1, Box I4- AF, Rhinebeck, 9 AM-5:30 PM weekdays School, Watertown, MA 02 172. NY 12572 (9 14) 876·7817 Saturday 15937 Washingcon St., Gurnee, IL 9 AM-3:30 PM 6003 1. SWEDISH DOOR HARP PLANS, $4.95, accessory kir, $5.95, both for BRANDING IRONS for craftsmen. $10. Cuscom Woodworking, PO Box QUALITY MAITRIALS FOR WOOD CRAFTSMEN Heat mark your products. Initials, sig­ 862 1, Erie, PA 16505. 3M ABRASIVES WES'TSVST'EMBRAND EPOXY ® nature, address, logo. Heat Mark Co., sheets·bells·discs Extremely versatile high sirength adhesive for all typesot LOWEST PRICES on furniture, crafr Rt. 6 Box 828, Mooresville, NC NU·UFE BELT CLEANERS wood. Can be sanded. painted. or varnished when natural and toy pares. Send $ 1 to K K wood finish is desired. Used successfully in marine con· 28115. & FIM" il1crmalion write: struction lor many years. epoxy alro available. Woodcrafters, RD #4 Box 270A, Send$2. 00 for Manual and Price List to: FREE CATALOG of woodfinishing Scotia, NY 12 302. OHIO WOODSHOP SPECIALITIES Gougeon Bros., Dept. F" 706 Mertin. B.y City MI 48706 P.O. 801 201 D[PT. Jl1 Telephone: (517) 684·1286 supplies. , lacquers, dry shel­ PLANS: Toys and furniture. Icon-on lac, stains, glues, PEG, books, bconz­ IIClSDN, OHIO 4S64(J veneers. List, 25', Catalog, $2. Deer­ "W'\J\J� ing supplies and more. Wood finishing f()\� brook Industries, 1701 Deerbrook Enterprises, Box 1011 7, Milwaukee, Trail, Xenia, OH 45385. "THE ART OF THE CABI NET R" WI 53210. MAKE WOOD ANTIQUE MODELS and Plans EASY ALIGNMENT TOOL for pre­ other pcojects. Full size parterns. Cara­ Parts JACQUES ANDRE ROUBO WOOD Wheels 1772 Paris. Facsimile Edition cise cuts on radial-arm and table saws. log $1, refundable. Criss-Ccoss, Box 54·one-sided plates II Yz" x 16Yz" Guaranteed. Only $29.95. Exact 324, Dept. CF, Wayne, NJ 07470. TOYS Catalog $1 pages text in French. Unbound. Cuts, 5306 Boy SCOut Rd., Florence, 163 MAKE TOYS-Plans, kits. Hard­ incl. prepaid freight OR 97439. Armor Products $115.00 wood wheels, parts, dowels. Catalog, Box 290, Deer Park, NY 11729, Dept. & BRANDING IRONS MADE TO $1. Cherry Tree Toys, Belmont, OH 0 Copeland7323 Edmund St.,Laird Phila., Int'I Corp.PA 19136 ORDER with names, initials, mono­ 43718. grams. Signatures, logos, designs, faithfully duplicated. Write for infor­ APPALACHIAN DULCIMER marion and sample brandings, giving PLANS (full size) with detailed AmericanIntensely detailed. Bald anatomically Eagle accurate. Bluepri Set ofnts 4 instructions, $7.95. Free caralo g of size and inscriprion wanted, and in­ large blueprints for woodcarvers and scul ptors. Li fe dulcimer-relared accessories (wood, CONCEA D HINGES FOR , tended use. Norcraft Cuscom Brands, size top and underside view of feathers. wing, tall strings, erc.) wirh order. Catalog only, .��WOOO� & 7:' GLASS DOORS feathers. leg. 6 feet views, 8 head views for model­ Box 277F, So. Eascon, MA 02375. STEREO� AND KITCHEN CABINET HARDWARE $1. Carrell's Dulcimers, Box 203, ing. 3 life size head'liews·top, underside, side view. (617) 238-2 163. SLIDES * CATCHES * SPECIALTY ITEMS Top and underside glide chart. 520 measurements Townsend, TN 37882. MAIL OROER ONLY -CATALOG '1 .00 tolal In 10 separate scales. CRAFTING SMOKING PIPES ALLEN SPEC IALTY HARDWARE send '20 check 10: STR INGED MUSICAL INSTRU­ P.O. BOX t OB33 PITISBURGH. PA 15236 book. Briar, stems, materials. Special R.gers'l09 D.is, ..... ·N.rm.l, IL 61761 MENT PLANS. World's largesr selec­ Denn, cools. PIMO W73, Box 59211, Chi­ rion. Catalog, 50 '. Peregrine, 7322 cago, IL 60659. Han, Mentor, OH 44060. HUNDREDS 01 PICTURE FRAME MOLDINGS, GUITAR, BANJO, violin, mandolin­ TITLES available. many patterns, species, shon lengths, worlds largest making materials, access ories, books. Wood­ selection low prices, shipped UPS. Send $ I for Piano-runing kirs. Caralog $ 1. Inter­ send lor free list, catalog or $20 rrial order. Xylo, Box national Lurhiers Supply, Box 15444, working BARK Service Co. $'.00 8062, Savannah, GA 31412. P.O. Box 637 Send lor Brochure Tulsa, OK 7415 8. Troutman.NC ..fOf 09 We are your CARBIDE ROUTER LUTHIERS' SUPPLIES: Imporeed 28166 Ofhobby Custom Furniture Systems Books profit. . Decl 3QOI Kline Ave. BIT CONNECTION for sales, service conewoods, cools, parrs, accessories for FG and repairs of cop-qualiry American­ violins, violas, cellos, basses and gui­ made bits. Buy any of our complere tars. Caralog, 50', includes 10% dis­ line at 25% off rhrough August 31st * BEND WOOD easily... COunt certificare. Internarional Violin or send us your old bits for retipping Co., Lrd., Dept. WO, 4026 W. Bel­ Eliminates laminating. quicker tool See our May/June ad on page 32. Let our and save big. Volume prices available. vedere Ave., Baltimore, MD 21215. Steamer/Bender work for you. Send Dealer inquiries invired. True-Cut Saw $179 (ppd.) to: & Tool, PO Box 427, Hamilcon, MT GUITAR TOPS, Sirka spruce, wesr­ WILHELM'S WOODEN WARES 59840. (406) 363-6697. ern cedar. Yo in. . by 22 in., 16 Box 303 RD #7, Hortontown Rd. co 20 G .P.I. Excellent� conal wood for Hopewell Jet .. N.Y. 12533 BUILD YOUR OWN SAWMILL! rhar special guirar. Saris faction guaran­ • Te l. (914) 225-0969 Inexpensive kirs, plans. Free details. reed. $24 posrpaid, 2 sers $43. Buck 30 Day Money Back Guarantee Sawmill, 35045-0 Ede Rd., Lebanon, Musical Insrrument Producrs, Box OR 97355. 71B, New Britain, PA 18901. WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA DUST COLLECTOR SYSTEMS WOODWORKERS 300; 650; and 1200 CFM 50 Domestic & Imported Woods • • • Use when:sawing. planing, buffing, grinding, Sanding, Veneers Finishes • Mouldings Hardware polishing, fi berglassing. Complete. Ready to plug"", Carving Stock Inlays & Bandings • • • Portable.Writ. for free brochure: Plans Books Magazines Qualily To ols SPEAKER Call Of Visit OUf Stofe Tyssens Mfg. Inc. WOODCRAFTERS' SUPPLY Importer Direct 35216 McKeeRd. Combine your woodworking skills B. . Canada V2S 6B7 9509 Perry Hwy. (Rt. 19) BUILDER Abbotsfonl, C , Pittsburgh, Pa. 15237 (412) 367-4330 with accurate electronic and acoustic Brazilian Rosewood 604-859-7623 design information to build better Kingwood ------loudspeakers than you can buy. .- , Tulipwood Speaker Builder is the world's only VENEE NG Cocobolo • RI magazine for people who love good FREE'CATA LOG .• music and the best in music systems. 90 VARIETIES WORLD·S RAREST . PernambucolPau Brazil Build an types from bookshelf kits to VENEERS. FACES. fLEXIB LE I I electrostatics. Onl 18 for years (8 VENEERS. SUPPLIES . ILLUSTRATEO I y $ 2 I FULL COLOR - AT REASONABLE PRICES issues). One year $ 10. I SIMPlIflEO INSTRUCTIONS AND BARGAIN I STARTER OffERS INCLUDED SAVE 25% HURRY' I MORGAN, Dept. F04K46 II 80,SPEAKER 4�. DeptfW·l. ,tUttIorou BUILDER",.NH 01411USA I Bardstown Rd .. Louisvilie. Ky. I (o...u. USA M4111,.. ,...... I------. I 1123 40204I -1 ... It I. US$.,., ,

100 Cabinecmaker's bench (old world). High-qualiry dry redwood burly root Serious and responsible, independent & Excellent condicion, antique, Ham­ slabs and bases. Svedvik, (715) 448- cabinecmaker seeks to rent space wich­ WOOD TOOL EXCHANGE macher Schlemmer, $450. Dan, NY, 3174 (WI). in equipped shop. New York Ciry or NY(212) 674-2517,afcer Sepr. 5. Wescchescer. Philip Meskin, (2 12) Inca deluxe 10-in. cable saw wich mor­ For Sale 549-9394 eves. H.B. Smith 36-inch bandsaw. Run­ Rockwell Uniplane, mint condicion, rising cable. Many accessories and ning in excellent condition. $800 or $800. 19ch-century wooden creadle blades. Mint condicion, $1,300. (203) Professional wheelwrighc wich carving, best offer less electricals. J. Williams, lache, 5-fr. bed, working order, $950. 259-4483. upholscery produccion, cabinecmaking (914) 763-5483. P. Bohne, RD 1129, Womelsdorf, PA and supervisory experience seeks other 19567. (215) 589-4264. Buy opporcuniries. Mr. ]. Jay, Rr. 2 Box Cherry $1.25, butternut $1.40, wal­ Old AlexanderWanted Doods to dovecail ma­ 68, Stoney Creek, VA 23882. 16-in. jointer, 3HP moror, $550. nut $2.50, curly maple, KD or AD Wescchescer, NY. (9 14) 939-6646 chine for parts. D. Snyder, Box 927, Novice seeks I/earning posicion wich available. Many others. SASE for lisr. evenings. Dublin, PA 18917. (2 15) 348-8033. cabinecmaker in Westchester/NYC Ship anywhere. Mark Cramer, RD 5 area. J. Bolger, 320 So. Broadway, Box 288, E. Srroudsburg, PA 18301. Delca lO-in. cilcing cable saw w/Delca Plane boctom for Scanley/Bailey # 5. Tarrytown, NY 10591. (717) 424-6519 eves. S.p. mrr. and stand in excellent original D. Hendon, 107 Olson, tong Beach, condicion, $480. Miscellaneous Delca MS 39560. (60 I) 863-3499 collect. Professional (primarily solid wood cus­ Air dried 'X in. red oak S2S 75 ' bdJr. and Rockwell parrs and accessories. Tailstock body for Delca model 930 tom & production) seeks job in San plus UPS charges. Random wldchs / 6 (714) 536-7674. II-in. lache. Part #DDL-276. Neil Fran. area shop. Have bench, all cools, to 12 in., 3 to 6 fc. lengchs. Send check portfolio and references. Hardworking. Cocobolo and bocote as low as $6.50 Evans, Box 274, Vicroria Harbour, to ]. Bowman, 3439 Rr. 167 E, Jef­ Call Eric, (916) 452-2601 colleer. per board fooc. Lignum vicae ac $ 3.50 Ont., Canada LOK 2AO. fe rson, OH 44047. Exp. fu rnicuremaker, seeks summer/ per board fo or. C. Hucc, 15861 32nd Scanley #55 plane. Contact Tom fall '83 work wich housewrighc/mas­ Blount 7-fc. casc iron lache, 440 volcs, Ave., Surrey, B.C., Canada V4B 4Z5. McElheny, (716 ) 584-3363. PO Box cer carpenter mid/upper Hudson Val­ 4 speed, Y,HP, $500. (804) 823-5235. Oliver oilstone rool grinder #585, 264, Pavilion, NY 14525. ley, NY or Wescern Mass. A. McClin­ Box 178, Bacesville, VA 22924. 3PH, $850. American double-spindle Jointer 6 or 8 in., sensibly priced. Send rock, 823 Park Ave., Albany, NY. horizontal boring machine, IH P, IPH, price, condicion, celephone. PO Box Record mulci-plane, $175, like new. (5 18) 489-8222. $400. Will crade for patternmaker's 278, Vincennes, IN 47591. K. Walker, Route I, Rogers, NM lache. Newman, Rochescer, NY (716) 88132. 328-1577. Shopsmich lOER speed changer, joint­ The CLASSIFIED race is $3.50 per er-shaper fe nce; used Jorgenson T bar word, min. ad 15 words. Payment Scanley #45 good cond ., $160. Re­ Crescent 12-in. casc iron cable saw on damps. (617) 862-0925. D. Koplow, musc accompany order. Commercial paired one, $50. Woodcurning lache, cascers, 2HP, IPH, 2 micer heads, 12 9 Brent Rd., Lexington, MA 02 173. accounts musc use Classified. The heavy casc head/cail scock,4-scep pa­ blades, dado sec, $ 750. Moore, Wind­ WOOD TOOL EXCHANGE and per pulley w/ 14-in. and 36-in. tool ham, VT 05359. (802) 875-2408. 'X-in. ball bearing spindle shaper in re­ & buildable condition. N.W., 211 Mari­ SITUATIONS WANTED race is $4/ resc on wood supports. E. Kurz, Rr. 2 2 padouk planks over 80 years old. line, min. 3 lines, max. 6 lines, limic 2 Box 101, Poplar Bluff, MO 63901. lyn Dr., Hacboro, PA 19040. 8/4 by 30 in. by 8 fr. Sell boch ac insertions per year. Allow 30 leners or $15/bd. fc. Wrice/call: G.E. Murray, 3-drurri Yeats #401 43-in. roll feed 'w spaces per line, including name and 92 1 Main Sr., inchescer, MA address. The Wood & Tool Exchange sander. Rebuilc, excellent. Tools, in­ 01890. (6 17) 729-2820. SITUATIONS WANTED scallation and operating inscructions, and Sicuacions are for privace use by parrs list. $2,100 loaded on your Powermacic 16-in. planer 3HP, 3PH; Apprentice cabinetmaker, 2 years vo­ individuals only. Please inquire for truck. Vermont. (802) 785-4364. magnecic controls, $2,000. 16-in. cacional craining, I year work experi­ DISPLAY CLASSIFIED race. Send to: R.C. Porcer jointer (7-fc. bed) excellent ence, seeks position in cusrom furni­ Fine Woodworking, Advertising Depr., Stanley #45 plane, 17 cuccers (one condo wich motor mount, $1,400. cure. L.A. area. Carey Delzell, 1416 E. Box 355, Newrown, CT 06470. box), $135. One #45 plane for parcs, Boch for $3,300 frt. paid. ]. Cesnik, Windsor Rd., Glendale, CA 91205. Deadline for Sepc/Ocr. is June 24ch; $30. (2 19) 255-45 17. (612) 253-8940, Sauk Rapids, MN. (2 13) 246-9436. Have tools. for Nov/Dec., Augusc 25ch. INDEX TO ADVERTISERS __ Addkison Hardware 85 Foley-Belsaw Co. 89 Peters Valley 7 .Fill! Advantage Machinery 91 Foredom Elearic 21 Philipps Bros. Supply 88 �WJ-kingReaderService Alder Ltd. 92 Forrest Mfg. Co. 103 . Piscataway Co. 97 To make use of any of the services .American Machinery & Motor 84 Furniture Designs 21 Poly Wood Finishes 91 American Woodcrafters 21 Garrett Wade 7 Primrose Center 27 listed here, write your name and AMI 89 Gilliom Mfg. 89 Punkin Hollow Wood & Tool 85 current address below, Andreou Industries 13 Glenn Wing Power Tools 5 Ring Master 94 ______Armor ProductS Name 97 The Gwilliam Co. 26 Rockledge 81 ______Arrisrry in Veneers 86 H&S Tool Co. 97 Rockwell International 23, 25 AddreH Ball & Ball 91 Highland Hardware 15, 95 Rosenzweig Lumber 84 ______City Rudolf Bass 87 Hiller Hardware 94 The Sawmill 24 ______Biesemeyer Mfg. 96 Horton Br asses 10 Seven Corners Ace Hardware 9 State Zip Blanchard 91 Hot Tools 10 Singley Specialry 26 Box-Art 84 J. Philip Humfrey 82 Stewart-MacDonald 89 So you won'c miss an is­ Bratton Machinery & Supply 2, 15 Imported EuropeanHardware 85 The Taunton Press 17, 18 MOVING? Buckeye Saw 89 Industrial Abrasives 24 18A,B,C,D, 19, 96 sue, please give us your new address ac Bums, Inc. 91 International Woodworking 10 TennesseeHardwood 10 leasc six weeks before che nexc issue, Cane & Basket Supply Co. 10 Jegt Industries 88 The Toolbox 21 ______Name Capitol Carbide 21 Kaymar Wood Produas 7 Touch of Love 94 Cherry Tree Toys II Kemp Hatdware & Supply 13 Toymaker Supply 85 Classified 98, 99, 100, 10 I Kingsrown Tool 83 Trend-Lines 93 The Clemson Group 81 Klockit 85 Unicorn Universal Woods 83 ______Zip _ Maurice L. Condon 81 Kuster Woodworkers 13 Valley ProductS & Design 83 : Constanrine 92 Kwick Kleen II Vega Enterprises 7 Craft Supplies 5 Leigh Industries 26 Watco-Dennis 81 We're now Craftmark Products 97 Lignomar 8 Wetzler Clamp 26 SUBSCRIBER LIST. renting our subscriber list to carefully The Cutting Edge 26 Local Lumber Directory 78 Wilke Machinery 27 selected companies-only those we Dallas Wood & Tool Score 89 Mason & Sullivan 5 Williams & Hussey 97 believe you'll want to hear from, If Deft 89 Merit Abrasive Producrs 97 Wood Shed 26 you don't want your name on the lists Delmhorst Instrument 21 Metric Machinery 81 Woodcraft 10 we rent, check the box below and we Direa Safery Co. 85 Meyer-Vise 86 W e/Japan Woodworker 91 oodlin will remove it at the first opportunity, Dream Venrures 99 Frank Mittermeier II Woodmaster Power Tools 92 D.R.I. Industries 79 MLCS 83 WoodMarch 81 Please do not rent my name, Dupli-Carver 84 Models Unlimited 7 Woodshop Specialties 7 o Ebac 95 Morris Wood Tool 86 The Woodsmith's Studio 7 If you've run into a Elliott & Brown 92 National Builders Hardware II Woodworking Crafts Magazine 27 PROBLEMS. subscription-related problem, wrice Fer Forge 97 Native American Hardwoods 11 Xylophile"s Co. 13 to our Subscription Department, We Fine Tool & Wood Score 8 Nobex 95 Yukon Lumber 88 will do our besc to help. Fine Tool Shops 21 C.R. Onstud 27 Russ Zimmerman 8 Fisher Hill ProductS 83 Paxton Hardware 81 rn1belSuntonIh:ss Box 355. Newlown.cr Ob470

101 Adventures in Woodworki�

PICK-UP STICKS BY JOHN MARCOUX

Vacation is the perfect time to tion; otherwise the nails bounce make rustic furnirure. Away back, or the wood splits. Drill the from your shop, you have the hole and hit in a brad; if it projects opportunity to simplif y your more than Ys in. out the back work. You must simplify, since side, cut it off and clinch it with you're limited to the tools you channel-lock pliers. This is a can fit into your suitcase, and wonderful system. The pliers adjust to the materials you can find at to practically any span you need, and your retreat. they are so powerful (use the large ones) On my second day at Martha's Vine­ that they send the back end of the nail yard last year, I sought Out a gardener crunching into the wood to make a friend to find out if he had recently firm, reliable fastening. Be sure that cut any brush, and, if so, if it might not your drill is the same diameter as the still be around. Franklin allowed that brad, or a little smaller, so that the head maybe he could help me. Off we went of the brad doesn 't slip through and in my station wagon to see what to him weaken the joint. Don't underestimate was surely only a pile of debris. To me it this clinching operation. This type of was a potential natural resource, al­ furniture is usually nailed together with­ though I still had no idea how lucky I out predrilling and without clinching, was to be. and that's why it falls apart. The nail­ He had recently cut down a privet clinching, along with an occasional hedge 20 ft. high and 40 ft. long. I screw or strategic bolt, can save your ef­ stood looking at this marvelous supply, forts from the flimsy pile for many years. mine for the asking, with no competi­ The three-element base is important. tors in view and no exorbitant per­ Structurally, it needs to take more stress board-foot price to assail my sense of than any other section of the table. I value. Instead, a casual acquaintance was John Marcoux's privet­ used I %-in., #8 round-head wood going to give me something I prized. hedge table. screws with a pass-hole through the ap­ I didn't want my excitement to ap­ plied member, although 6-32 nuts and pear too silly to Franklin. He was very ments together in experimental ways, bolts would have been even better, with kind and tolerant of aberrations in oth­ trying to establish a fo rm from which to the bolt peened over Onto the nut. The ers around him, guarding his own sense proceed. When I stumbled on a combi­ legs are not only screwed to the center of balance by not getting too curious. nation I liked, I encircled it with wire column, but from underneath to each But he was already treating me a little and twisted the wire firmly in place. other where they cross as well. I' ve condescendingly because of my mum­ This was a temporary but powerful fas­ fo und this to be a wonderfully neat and bling about building furniture from a tening that could be easily snipped away strong way to fasten legs to a column. pile of brush. fo r any necessaty changes, or in prepara­ Some of the upward branching is natu­ Looking through the trimmings, I re­ tion for the final fastening-a brad or a ral growth, and some I added. alized that this privet, given its head fo r screw. Another way to make a joint is to When I finished the table, in an at­ 20 years, was first-class material for flatten the twisted wire ends against the tempt to regain some credibility, I making rustic furniture. It had every­ wire wrapping, then cover the wire with showed it to Franklin. He leaned on his thing. Some of the old growth had a a lashing of linen, rattan or cane. You lawn rake, relishing the break, and said, natural stubbornness to it, almost like could also use only the lashing of string "Ain't that something!" When he told bonsai, and I picked it to sign ify age or fiber, but including the wire makes me that 1'd be surprised to find what and to impart both real and symbolic the joint much stronger. I didn't use some of those rich people would pay strength. There was straighter, mid-age these methods because I like the idea of money for, I knew I had a winner. And growth that could become legs or exposing the fastener that is actually do­ I finally understood why city slickers are healthy stretchers. Some of these pieces ing the work. reputed to have thought of the idea of were % in. to % in. thick, yet young and I proceeded pragmatically, putting rustic furniture and to have created and green enough to be easily bent into arcs things together as I came to them. Mak­ continued the demand for it today. of I8-in. diameter and even smaller. ing all these important decisions left me I could tell you more about how this The very young shoots, up to X in. as pleased as if I had been running the table is made, but I wouldn't want to thick, were infinitely flexible, and when whole country. At the beach, feeling spoil your vacation. unflexed were pencil-straight. One more elated, I schemed about what 1'd do 0 unexpected virtue of the privet was its when I gOt back to the cottage. I must John Marcoux designs and makes fu r­ very gradual size change over the length tell you, though, that it rained a lot on niture in Providence, R.I . Photo by the of its limbs-lengths of 3 ft . or 4 ft . my vacation, so I gOt a lot done. author. For a more colorfu l example were virtually the same diameter at each Clinched brads are the mainstay of of Marcoux's work, see p. 71. Fine end. I had brought a saw, small pruning the table I built. Clinched nails are di­ Woodworking buys readers ' adven­ shears and my knife. Without being rect and powerful, and when they rust tures. Suitable le ngth is 1,500 words able to identify or anticipate my exact they fit the character of rustic furniture or less-up to six typed pages, dou­ needs, I cut out a full assortment. perfectly. But privet is hard wood. You ble-spaced. Please include negatives I began building by putting the ele- must drill through for each nail connec- with photographs.

102 Gene Ackman --San Ramona, CA: If I did more dadoing, I would certainy buy Best blade I ever owned or used! All my your dado set. I may anyway just for the other carbide-tipped blades (F----, S----, et pleasure of the superior quality of cut. I told you so! al) are now hanging on the peg-board Leonard Smith -- Virginia Beach, V A: gathering dust. There is not much I can add to the plaudits Only time they are taken down is when a you have already received about your Mr. friend (?) wants to use my saw. NOBODY Sawdust carbide blade. It is certainly the (!) uses my Forrest blade. Keep up the best blade I have ever used and the ONLY good work. Glad to see there is still a qual­ ONE I use now. Every cut is perf ection, ity product made in the U.S.! what more can I say. Burch & Hahn --New Orleans, LA.: John Blankenship, DVM --Wausa, Neb: We at this shop love it, especially this new Having used my blade for about days, I thinner model. Cuts quiet and smooth as a 30 can say I have never used a saw blade like baby's behind. Expensive but worth it for a it. The blade rips hardwood with ease fine finish work. Only problem is you don't 2" and the fi nished cut is outstanding. make one for my 9" DeWalt. (Hey, Art Excellent saw blade!!! Burch, we do make one fo ryour9" DeWalt -but you should use an 8" for that George M. Brown --Hermosa Beach, CA: machine.) I) It is not noisy. 2) It makes a smooth, fast cut. It is exceptionally good on cutting F. J. Volek, P.E. --Kansas City, MO: 3) miters. It is by far the best blade I have My blade has performed to complete satis­ 4) ever used. I have been working with power faction -- and, frankly, far beyond what I saws, as a hobby, for years. had expected. I am a true believer in the 40 Forrest blade. O. L. Williams --Lincoln, Neb.: Justin F. Weber --Brewer, Maine: I don't know how I could possibly say I am absolutely amazed every time I use my enough good things about your Mr. Saw­ new Mr. Sawdust blade. It s cutting action dust blade. I have used it a lot during the is almost effortless and the quality of the last four months and it appears to be as finished cut both in ripping and crosscut­ sharp as when it was new. ting is unsurpassed. There is no need for The cuts in every direction are so smooth it sanding or jointing .... Why don't you use a is almost unbelievable --so it is no surprise heavy plastic shipping carton for such a it is a real pleasure to use this blade. Actu­ valuable article? It's like shipping a dia­ ally, it just sings through wood. It is, with­ mond in a paper bag. (Justin: That's what out doubt, the finest tool I have in my Forrest has been using for 35 years. Good shop. suggestion! I'll take it up with Jim! And Vincent Marchese --Brookfield, CN: thank you!) I received your saw blade two weeks Bill Bush --Bangor, PA: 10" ago and have been using it on hard and soft I am sure they are (I have two) the finest woods, fir plywood and fla keboard. I have cutting blades I have ever used. I let a never had a blade like this before and I friend cabinet-maker use the blade and he have been making furniture for forty years. was amazed at its fine cutting. It cuts so smoothly, effortlessly and quietly The Dado Head is just super. The best I --both with and across the grain. Your ever used. Keep up the good work. sharpening techniques are certainly excel­ John C. Goss --Boulder, CO: lent and I will definitely have no one Th e fo llowing letters are as near verbatim Dynamite! Even Fantastic! sharpen it but you. as possible. Not one negative word has P.S.: Enclosed are two ordinary blades been deleted. I realize this is enough said --but I now 10" admit to being a fool -as probaby hundreds I wish you to sharpen. From Peter Lauritzen --Tesuque, of other woodworkers. We invest in, as in Jesse F. Gregg --Gold Hill, OR: " NM: my case, Unisaws, etc., and throw on a Mr. Sawdust is a sweet, quiet, smooth­ When I first saw your ads for your 'bargain' blade and kid ourselves that the cutting blade. The thin kerf saves valuable 'Signature Line' saw blades, I thought that machine is doing the cutting. figured hardwood. I cut through a buried if one-quarter of what you were claiming For more than twenty years, I have fought nail with no apparent damage to sharp­ was true, the blade would be worth buying. vibration, noise, splin tered cuts and -­ ness! (Hold on, Jesse --don't make a Now having bought and used one, I have worse, spent enough bucks on 'bargain' habit out of that!) " found all of your outrageous claims to be blades to cover the walls of my shop with And so it goes --letters every day ! And justified. It's a terrific tool. Forrest-quality blades. NOT ONE has had anything but praise for E. O. Abel --Whitefish, Montana: I only wish I could convince the beginning my Mr. Sawdust blade. Wish we could I'm usually pretty skeptical about ads woodworker of this. He would only be have used them all! claiming 'fantastic new advances' in a pro­ hassled by his spouse once in a LIF E­ Maybe, some day, we'll get a nice letter duct -and I admit I was just as skeptical TIME! (To justify the purchase of a new from YOU. when I read about this saw blade that 'cuts ('bargain') blade many times a year can as if you were cutting with a laser beam'. I sometimes be as hazardous as reaching was skeptical about the price --much too over a running blade!) For Literature & Prices --or to Order: Write to Dept. MS-6 -- or ... expensive! I was also skeptical about one By the way, is there any way I could inter­ blade being able to do the different cutting est you in about pounds of Brand-X PHONE TOLL FREE: 1-800-526-7852 jobs that would otherwise require three dif­ 50 blades, in exchange for a Mr. Sawdust N.J.: fe rent blades. (In 201/473-5236) Dado-set? Or should I go ahead with my We Honor Visa and Mastercard Not so with Mr. Sawdust! That blade original plans to make clock faces out of really works! I've put it to use, crosscut­ them? (Yes, John --if they won't cut wood, ting, ripping, miter cuts, on hardwood, maybe they'll tell tim e!) softwood, pressed-wood and plywoods. W. F. Greer --Houston, TX: I've cut very thin veneers to wood thick­ I could hardly believe how my 8" blade nesses utilizing the maximum depth of cut cuts. It whispers. It cross-cuts glass smooth of the blade. It works --just fine like you and rips smoother than any blade I've Manufacturing Co., Inc. said it would. every used. It cuts faster and with less pres­ 250 Delawanna Ave. The price was worth it. You get what you sure. I like the clearance between the width pay for -- for sure! of the teeth and the blade thickness. Clifton, N.J. 07014 Alice's Wo nderland

Most Englishmen are brought up on a diet of medieval castles, Arthurian legends and Gothic cathe- drals, but few of them find lasting inspira- tion there. Ian Norbury, of Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, incarnates such imagery in yew, boxwood and limewood. Pictured here are pieces from his series inspired by the John Tenniel illustra- tions to the Lewis Carroll classics. Norbury found the Alice in Wonderland books "exciting and mystifying," and the characters familiar as a bedtime story. -Betty Penning

'There 's nothing but hay left now, ' the Messenger said, peering into the bag. The Wh ite Rabbit blew three blasts on the trumpet and called out, 'First witness."

'You see, ' said the Wh ite Knight, 'it's as well to be provided fo r everything. '

... and in his confusion the Hatter bit a fa rg e piece Tis the voice of the Lobster; out of his teacup instead of I heard him declare, the bread-and-butter. 'You have baked me too brown. I must sugar my hair. '

'To answer the door? ' said the Frog. 'What's it been asking of?'

Photos: The Gloucester Phorographic Agency

Top View