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Lloyd George Portrayed For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 84 / Autumn 2014 / £6.00 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y Lloyd George portrayed Alan Mumford Images of Lloyd George LG in cartoons Kathryn Rix Party agents, 1880–1914 Professionalisation and political culture David Dutton Walter Runciman and the decline of the Liberal Party Graham Lippiatt Liberal Party colours David Cloke and Douglas Oliver Reports The Rowntrees and their legacy; Liberalism, peace and the First World War Liberal Democrat History Group 2 Journal of Liberal History 84 Autumn 2014 Journal of Liberal History Issue 84: Autumn 2014 The Journal of Liberal History is published quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group. ISSN 1479-9642 Liberal history news 4 Editor: Duncan Brack Chamberlain conference; Information wanted; Correction (Manchester); On Deputy Editor: Tom Kiehl this day in history Assistant Editor: Siobhan Vitelli Biographies Editor: Robert Ingham Reviews Editor: Dr Eugenio Biagini Images of Lloyd George 6 Contributing Editors: Graham Lippiatt, Tony Little, Alan Mumford looks at how David Lloyd George was portrayed in cartoons York Membery throughout his long career Patrons Letters to the Editor 17 Dr Eugenio Biagini; Professor Michael Freeden; Party agents (Michael Steed); John Buchan and the Liberal Party (David Steel); Professor John Vincent Queries (Michael Meadowcroft); Elections of the 1920s (Sandy Waugh) Editorial Board Party agents, 1880–1914 18 Dr Malcolm Baines; Dr Ian Cawood; Dr Matt Cole; Dr Roy Douglas; Dr David Dutton; Prof. David Gowland; Professionalisation and political culture; by Kathryn Rix Prof. Richard Grayson; Dr Michael Hart; Peter Hellyer; Dr Alison Holmes; Dr J. Graham Jones; Dr Tudor Jones; Walter Runciman and the decline of the Liberal 26 Tony Little; Michael Meadowcroft; Dr Mark Pack; Dr Ian Packer; Dr John Powell; Jaime Reynolds; Prof. Andrew Party Russell; Dr Iain Sharpe; Dr Michael Steed David Dutton examines the part played by Runciman (1870–1949) in the disintegration of the Liberal Party Editorial/Correspondence Contributions to the Journal – letters, articles, and Liberal Party colours 38 book reviews – are invited. The Journal is a refereed publication; all articles submitted will be reviewed. It wasn’t always orange or yellow … by Graham Lippiatt Contributions should be sent to: Duncan Brack (Editor) Report 40 54 Midmoor Road, London SW12 0EN Social reformers and Liberals: the Rowntrees and their legacy, with Ian Packer, email: [email protected] David Shutt and Tina Walker; report by David Cloke All articles copyright © Journal of Liberal History. All rights reserved. Report 44 Liberalism, peace and the First World War, with Robert Falkner and Louise Advertisements Arimatsu; report by David Cloke Full page £100; half page £60; quarter page £35. Discounts available for repeat ads or offers to readers Reviews 47 (e.g. discounted book prices). To place ads, please contact the Editor. Evans, Gender and the Liberal Democrats – Representing Women?, reviewed by Dinti Batstone; Torrance, David Steel: Rising Hope to Elder Statesman, reviewed Subscriptions/Membership by Alan Beith; Rosen, Mill, reviewed by Michael Levin An annual subscription to the Journal of Liberal History costs £20.00 (£12.50 unwaged rate). This includes membership of the History Group unless you inform us otherwise. Non-UK subscribers should add £10.00. Institutional rate £50.00, including online access. As well as printed copies, online subscribers can access online copies of current and past Journals. Online subscriptions are available to individuals at £40.00. Cheques (payable to ‘Liberal Democrat History Group’) should be sent to: Patrick Mitchell 6 Palfrey Place, London SW8 1PA; email: [email protected] Liberal Democrat History Group Payment is also possible via our website, www.liberalhistory.org.uk. The Liberal Democrat History Group promotes the discussion and research of topics relating to the histories of the Liberal Democrats, Liberal Party, and SDP, and of Liberalism. The Cover design concept: Lynne Featherstone Group organises discussion meetings and produces the Journal of Liberal History and other Published by the Liberal Democrat History Group, occasional publications. c/o 54 Midmoor Road, London SW12 0EN For more information, including historical commentaries, details of publications, back issues Printed by Kall-Kwik, of the Journal, and archive and other research sources, see our website at: 18 Colville Road, London W3 8BL www.liberalhistory.org.uk. September 2014 Chair: Tony Little Honorary President: Lord Wallace of Saltaire Journal of Liberal History 84 Autumn 2014 3 LIBERal hiStoRY NEWS AUTUMN 2014 Joseph Chamberlain: Imperial Standard Bearer; National Leader, Local Icon: Birmingham 4–5 July 2014 In early July about 100 people speech by Peter Marsh, the second government. Those a contestation of Chamber- attended the conference in Bir- leading Chamberlain biogra- conference-goers who paid the lain’s political legacy by repre- mingham, organised by New- pher, reinforced the dynamic necessary supplement dined at sentatives of the Conservative, man University and partly entrepreneurial approach of Chamberlain’s home, High- Labour and Liberal Democrat funded by the Liberal Demo- Chamberlain whose under- bury, and heard from Stephen parties. crat History Group, to mark standing of the nature of Bir- Roberts how the house was The second day also the centenary of the death of mingham business was the used as much as a political head- included an introduction to Joseph Chamberlain. Tony foundation of his political quarters as a home. some of the library’s Cham- Little was there. success. The second day’s proceed- berlain archives, including the The opening address by Delegates heard fifteen ings opened with a newly local architect’s original plans Sir Alan Beith summarised papers on various aspects of composed ‘Fanfare for Bir- for Highbury, and ended with Chamberlain’s career as a pio- Chamberlain’s career over mingham’ played in the theatre a tour of Birmingham’s mag- neering political organiser and two days, though with a bias of the city’s recently opened nificent Council House, led successful executive mayor of towards his Liberal Unionist central library, and speeches by some of the leading mem- Birmingham who went on to period and his links with Bir- from the council leader, Albert bers of the current administra- split both the Liberal and Con- mingham rather than on his Bore, and Cities Minister Greg tion, showing some of the relics servative parties. The keynote ministerial career in Gladstone’s Clark. This was followed by and artwork associated with On This Day … Every day the Liberal Democrat History Group’s website, Facebook page and Twitter feed carry an item of Liberal history news from the past. Below we reprint three of them. To see them regularly, look at www.liberalhistory.org.uk or www.facebook.com/LibDemHistoryGroup or follow us at: LibHistoryToday. September 30 September 1872: Birth of Ramsay Muir, historian, politician and Liberal MP for Rochdale 1923–24. Muir made a key contribution to the development of Liberal political thought in the 1920s and ’30s. His book Liberalism and Industry strongly influenced leading Liberal politicians including Lloyd George. In 1921 Muir was one of the co-founders, along with John Maynard Keynes, of the Liberal Summer School which was a major source of ideas for the party between the wars. From 1923 to 1926 he was editor of the Weekly Westminster. In the 1930s he was one of the key figures in the organisation of the Liberal Party, serving as Chairman of the National Liberal Federation 1931–33 and its President 1933–36. As President he wrote much of the NLF’s The Liberal Way (1934), which was a strong statement of Liberal policy and of the principles underlying modern social Liberalism. October 24 October 1993: Death of Jo Grimond, Baron Grimond, Liberal MP for Orkney and Shetland 1950–83, Leader of the Liberal Party 1956–67 and 1976. A man of considerable charm and intellect, Grimond’s period as leader saw the Liberal Party undergo a notable revival. Grimond reversed the seemingly inexorable Liberal decline and brought dynamism and ideas back to the party. His writings, in particular The Liberal Future and The Liberal Challenge, and his formation of the Unservile State Group, gave political Liberalism a new direction and placed it on the left of British politics. Grimond resigned the leadership after eleven years during which time the Liberal Party’s vote had risen from 722,000 to over 2.3 million and the number of MPs had more than doubled. In 1976 Grimond returned briefly to the leadership in the wake of the resignation of Jeremy Thorpe, when he steadied the party’s nerves and oversaw the first leadership election that involved a vote of the whole party. November 8 November 1973: Alan Beith wins the Berwick-on-Tweed by-election by a majority of 57 votes, taking the seat from the Conservatives. The by- election was called following the resignation of Lord Lambton after he was involved in a sex scandal. 13 November 1905: The ‘Relugas Compact’ – an informal agreement between Asquith, Haldane and Grey that they will not serve any government led by Campbell-Bannerman unless he goes to the Lords – is almost broken by CB when he states to Asquith that the Balfour government is days from resignation and he expects to lead a new one. He goes on to ask Asquith, ‘what would you like? The Exchequer, I suppose?’ 4 Journal of Liberal History 84 Autumn 2014 Chamberlain and the council Information wanted: Liberal Democrats in Rochdale, Stockport (where the chamber in which he estab- Liberal Party HQ Manchester: correction council is Liberal Democrat- lished his reputation. Curiously, I cannot find a The article ‘Who votes for the led) and Trafford, retain Liberal Details of the programme consolidated list of Liberal Liberal Democrats?’ in Journal Democrat representation.
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