Note: All Personal Names of Icelanders Are Alphabetised by First

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Note: All Personal Names of Icelanders Are Alphabetised by First Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-51401-9 — The Cambridge Introduction to the Old Norse-Icelandic Saga Margaret Clunies Ross Index More Information Index Note: All personal names of Icelanders are alphabetised by first name followed by last name; all other persons listed here are alphabetised by last name, followed by first name or initials. academic study of Old Norse-Icelandic Atlakviða ‘The Lay of Atli [Attila]’ (see literature 140, 159, 160, 162–3 also Poetic (Elder) Edda) 120, Age of the Sturlungs 9, 54, 55, 56 121 Agrip´ (see ‘Summary of the Sagas of authorship, concepts of and sagas the Kings of Norway’) 17–18, 19–20, 50–1 Alexanders saga ‘The Saga of Alexander authorial point of view and saga [the Great]’ 71, 120, 167 writing 25–6, 51, 68, 92–4, 106, Althing (Alþingi)9,10 110, 116, 123 ‘Ancient History of the Norwegian Auðunar þattr´ ‘The Tale of Auðunn’ Kings’ (Historia de Antiquitate 137 Regum Norwagiensium) 22, 23, 24 Bandamanna saga ‘Saga of the Ans´ saga bogsveigis ‘The Saga of An´ Confederates’ 29, 55, 56 Bow-bender’ 76, 135 Barnes, Geraldine 83 Andersson, Theodore 49, 91, 127–8, Bartholin, Thomas, the Younger (see 131 also Arni´ Magnusson)´ Andersson, Theodore and William I. Bar´ ðar saga Snæfellsass´ ‘The Saga of Miller 108, 111, 161, 162 Bar´ ðr Snæfell-deity’ 55 Ari Þorgilsson (see also ‘Book of the Benedikt S. Benedikz 146 Icelanders’) 58 betrothal and marriage, social Armann´ Jakobsson 88 conventions of 101–2 Arngr´ımur Jonsson´ (1568–1648) 85, Bjarnar saga H´ıtdœlakappa ‘The Saga 145, 156 of Bjorn,˛ Champion of the Arni´ Magnusson´ (1663–1730) (see also H´ıtdœlir’ 17, 67, 104, 134, manuscripts) 144, 146–7 135 as manuscript collector 147 Bjarni Einarsson 151 history of his collection 147–8 Boer,R.C.119 Arnold, Martin 79 ‘Book of the Icelanders’ (´Islendingabok´ ) Arnorr´ jarlaskald´ ‘Jarls’ poet’ by Ari Þorgilsson 2, 10, 16, 40, Þor´ ðarson 110 58, 64, 108, 142 185 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-51401-9 — The Cambridge Introduction to the Old Norse-Icelandic Saga Margaret Clunies Ross Index More Information 186 Index ‘Book of the Land-Takings’ editions of saga texts (see also Islenzk´ (Landnamab´ ok´ ) 5, 6, 11, 16, 17, fornrit; reception history of Old 22, 36, 40, 62, 76, 92, 108, 144 Norse-Icelandic sagas) 140, 149, bookprose theory of saga composition 150, 154, 158–9 39–40, 56, 155 editorial principles and practices Bosa´ saga ok Herrauðs ‘The Saga of 140, 150–2 Bosi´ and Herrauðr’ 157 language and spelling of saga Breta sogur˛ ‘The Sagas of the British’ editions 152 (see also Geoffrey of Monmouth Nordisk filologi series of text editions and Merl´ınusspa´) 77, 85 for students 152 bridal quests 119, 133, 137–8 Svart ahv´ ´ıtu ‘Black on White’ series Byock, Jesse 131 of text editions 152 Bæjarbok´ manuscript 67 Egill Skallagr´ımsson 76 Egils saga Skallagr´ımssonar ‘The Saga chieftains (goðar,sg.goði)9 of Egill, son of Skallagr´ımr’ 23, Chretien´ de Troyes 81 24–5, 26, 39, 58, 90, 134, 135, Christian religion 10, 74 143, 151, 158 Christian Church in Iceland 45 Einar Olafur´ Sveinsson 54 Christian view of history (see also Eir´ıks saga rauða ‘The Saga of Eir´ıkr saga, saga views of history and the Red’ 56, 90, 136 geography) 26, 74–5, 115, 143 Elis saga, translation of chanson de geste Christian view of geography (see also Elie de Saint Gille 59, 80 saga, saga views of history and Erex saga, translation of Chretien´ de geography) 74, 137 Troyes’ Erec et Enide 81 conversion to Christianity, in Eusebius, early medieval historian 75 Iceland 10, 73, 76, 89, 90, Eyjafjor¨ ður region of northern Iceland 109–10 108 Clontarf, Battle of 115, 117 Eyrbyggja saga ‘The Saga of the Clover, Carol 42–3, 48, 130, 139 inhabitants of Eyrr’ 55, 56, 70, Commonwealth Iceland 4, 5, 7, 30, 90, 127, 159 54 contemporary sagas (samt´ıðarsogur¨ ) Fagrskinna ‘Fair vellum’ 59, 85 29, 30, 53, 57, 73, 91–4, 127 family sagas (see sagas of Icelanders) Flateyjarbok´ ‘The Book of Flatey’ 36, Danielsson, Tommy 130 59, 67, 86 Darraðarljo´ð ‘The Song of Dorru˛ ðr’ Floamanna´ saga ‘The Saga of the men (see also Njals´ saga) 115, 117 of Floi’´ 55 Droplaugarsona saga ‘The Saga of the flokkr,longpoemwithoutarefrain20 sons of Droplaug’ 56, 64, 65, 66 fornaldarsogur¨ (see sagas of ancient duelling in early Iceland 112 time) Fostbrœ´ ðra saga ‘The Saga of the Edda of Snorri Sturluson (c. 1225) 20, Foster-brothers’ 55, 67–9, 70–1, 50, 62, 101, 125, 157, 159 90, 134 eddic (or eddaic) poetry (see Poetic freeprose theory of saga composition (Elder) Edda) 39, 40–1 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-51401-9 — The Cambridge Introduction to the Old Norse-Icelandic Saga Margaret Clunies Ross Index More Information Index 187 Friis, Peder Claussøn 157 Guðmundr inn r´ıki ‘the Powerful’ of Friðþjofs´ saga hins frœkna ‘The Saga of Mo¨ðruvellir, Icelandic chieftain Friðþjof´ the Bold’ 160 91, 108, 109 Færeyinga saga ‘The Saga of the Faroe Guðrun´ Nordal 46, 92, 93 Islanders’ 86 Guðrun´ Osv´ ´ıfsdottir´ (see also Laxdœla saga) 129, 134 Gade, Kari Ellen 104 Guðrunarhv´ ot˛ ‘The Whetting of Gautreks saga ok Gjafa-Refs ‘The Saga Guðrun’´ (see also Poetic (Elder) of Gautrekr and Gift-Refr’ Edda) 121 157 genealogy, importance to saga writers Hakon´ Hakonarson,´ king of Norway and audiences (see also saga (r. 1217–63) 9, 18, 22, 30, 57, 69, structures) 11, 19, 21, 25, 46, 49, 80–1, 84 76–7, 90, 135, 136 Hakonar´ saga Hakonarsonar´ ‘The Saga ‘descent from the gods’ in Old Norse of Hakon´ Hakonarson’´ by Sturla writings 75, 89 Þor´ ðarson 59, 85, 91, 159 Gennep, Arnold van 124, 126, 138 Halfs´ saga ok Halfsrekka´ ‘The Saga of Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia de Halfr´ and the Halfr´ champions’ regum Britanniae ‘History of the 60, 76, 80 kings of Britain’ 77 Hallfreðar saga vandræðaskalds´ ‘The G´ısla saga Surssonar´ ‘The Saga of G´ısli Saga of Hallfreðr Sursson’´ 55, 56, 64, 65, 66, 102, Troublesome-poet’ 20, 67, 104, 134 134 G´ısli Sigurðsson 40, 43, 47, 69 Hamðismal´ ‘The Speech of Hamðir’ Gizurr Hallsson, Icelandic chieftain (see also Poetic (Elder) Edda) (d. 1206) 62, 64 121 Gizurr Þorvaldsson, Icelandic chieftain Haraldr harfagri´ ‘Fair-hair’ 93–4 Halfdanarson,´ king of Norway Glauser, Jurg¨ 154 (r. c. 870–932) 4, 78, 89 Gordon,E.V.41 Haraldr harðra´ði‘Hard-rule’ Greimas, Algirdas J. 124 Sigurðarson, king of Norway Grettis saga Asmundarsonar´ ‘The Saga (r. 1046–66) 87, 132–3 of Grettir Asmundarson’´ 90, Harris, Joseph 130, 134 126, 134 Harðar saga Gr´ımkelssonar ‘The Saga Gr´ıms saga loðinkinna ‘The Saga of of Hor˛ ðrGr´ımkelsson’ 134 Gr´ımr Hairy-cheek’ 76, 135 Haugen, Odd Einar 150, 151 Grœnlendinga saga ‘The Saga of the Hauksbok´ ‘Book of Haukr Greenlanders’ 56, 90 [Erlendsson]’ 59, 67, 68, 85, Gunnar Karlsson 3 143 Gunnlaugr Leifsson, monk of Heimskringla ‘Circle of the World’ Þingeyrar monastery 58, 64, attributed to Snorri Sturluson 77 59, 76, 78, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 133, Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu ‘The Saga 150, 157 of Gunnlaugr Serpent-tongue’ Heiðarv´ıga saga ‘The Saga of the 20, 55, 56, 67, 104, 134 Killings on the Heath’ 55 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-51401-9 — The Cambridge Introduction to the Old Norse-Icelandic Saga Margaret Clunies Ross Index More Information 188 Index Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks ‘The Saga of ´Ivens saga, translation of Chretien´ de Hervor˛ and Heiðrekr’ 76, 77, 80, Troyes’ Yvain 81, 82–3 133, 150, 157 Heusler, Andreas 39, 41 Jansson, Sven B. F. 67 Hickes, George (1642–1715) 15 jarlasogur˛ ‘Sagas of Jarls [of Orkney]’ historical writing in Norway and 28 Iceland (see also Latin writing in Jarns´ ´ıða ‘Iron-side’ legal code 61, 114 Norway and Iceland) 22–3, 48 Johnstone, James 159 ‘History of Norway’ (Historia Jomsv´ ´ıkinga saga ‘The Saga of the Norwegiae)22 Jomsv´ ´ıkingar’ 86 Hofmann, Dietrich 63 Jon´ Erlendsson of Villingaholt, honour, personal (see also n´ıð) 7–8, 91, manuscript copyist 58 101, 111, 121, 127, 128 Jonas´ Kristjansson´ 67, 68 Hrafnkels saga Freysgoða ‘The Saga of Jon´ Helgason 152 Hrafnkell, Priest of Freyr’ 41, 55, Jon´ Karl Helgason 155 56, 58 Jon´ Loptsson, Icelandic chieftain Hreinn Benediktsson 142 (d. 1197) 62, 64 Hrolfs´ saga Gautrekssonar ‘The Saga of Hrolfr´ son of Gautrekr’ 84, Kalinke, Marianne 137 157 Karl Jonsson,´ abbot of Þingeyrar Hrolfs´ saga kraka ‘The Saga of Hrolfr´ monastery (d. 1212/13) 18, 88 Pole-ladder’ 76, 80, 138 Kennedy, John 161 Hryggjarstykki ‘Back Piece’ 58 Ketils saga hœngs ‘The Saga of Ketill Hœnsa-Þoris´ saga ‘The Saga of Salmon’ 17, 76, 135 Hen-Þorir’´ 40, 55, 56 Knytlinga´ saga ‘The Saga of the descendants of Knutr’´ 59, 85 Iceland, physical character and climate konungasogur˛ (see sagas of kings) 2, 3 Kormaks´ saga Ogmundarsonar˛ ‘The economy and institutions 3, 5, 9–10 Saga of Kormakr,´ son of settlement of 2, 5, 11, 53, 73, 76, 90 Ogmundr’˛ 67, 99–106, 110, settlers, origins of 2, 5, 6–7 134 slaves 6, 11 Krakum´ al´ ‘The Lay of Kraka’,´ Icelandic language 5, 13 sometimes called ‘The Dying Isleifr´ Gizurarson, first native bishop Ode of Ragnarr loðbrok’´ 157, in Iceland 45 171 ´Islendingabok´ (see ‘Book of the Kristni saga ‘The Saga of Christianity’ Icelanders’) 110 ´Islendinga saga ‘The Saga of the kvoldvaka¨ ‘evening wake’ (see also Icelanders’ by Sturla Þor´ ðarson reception history of Old 91, 92, 93 Norse-Icelandic sagas) 153, 154 ´Islendingasogur¨ (see sagas of Icelanders) ´Islenzk fornrit series of editions of Old Lachmann, Karl (see also editions of Icelandic texts
Recommended publications
  • Saga Scholarshipl
    Herrn.ann Pillsson: Saga Scholarshipl Magnus Magnusson IT was an inspired idea to dedicate this annual meeting of the Scottish Society for Northern Studies to the enduring memory of Hermann Palsson, and to hold it in the David Hume Tower of Edinburgh University. It was here, nearly 40 years ago, that the first meeting was held to discuss a proposal that 'it would be very useful for to have a purely Scottish branch of the Viking Society for Northern Research'. That was on 14 February 1967. It took nearly two years for this proposal to become reality - well, they were all scholars, after all- 21 months of debate and discussion and good old-fashioned academic argy-bargy. At any rate, a constitution was finally adopted on 14 November 1968; and one of the first committee-members was Hermann Palsson; he remained a staunch committee member of the Scottish Society for Northern Research, and was President of the Society in the 1970/71 season. I am proud to be able claim that I was one of his many friends and admirers. And I feel very proud, and humble, to be his encomiast for the start the day's proceedings. It's a pleasing word, encolniast­ one who delivers an encolniuln, which from its Greek derivation means a 'festive panegyric'. Let me start with a brief sketch of Hermann's early days. He was born in 1921 in the north of Iceland on the farm of SauOanes a Asum, near Blondu6s on Hunafjorour, the sixth child in a family of twelve. He learned to read and write at the age of three by eavesdropping on Talk given at the Annual Conference of the Scottish Society for Northern Studies, 19 November 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • The Medieval Self: Representations and Conceptualizations of the Self in the Textual and Material Culture of Western Scandinavia, C
    www.ssoar.info Approaches to the Medieval Self: Representations and Conceptualizations of the Self in the Textual and Material Culture of Western Scandinavia, c. 800-1500 Eriksen, Stefka G. (Ed.); Langsholt Holmqvist, Karen (Ed.); Bandlien, Bjørn (Ed.) Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Sammelwerk / collection Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Eriksen, S. G., Langsholt Holmqvist, K., & Bandlien, B. (Eds.). (2020). Approaches to the Medieval Self: Representations and Conceptualizations of the Self in the Textual and Material Culture of Western Scandinavia, c. 800-1500. Berlin: De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110655582 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY-NC-ND Lizenz This document is made available under a CC BY-NC-ND Licence (Namensnennung-Nicht-kommerziell-Keine Bearbeitung) zur (Attribution-Non Comercial-NoDerivatives). For more Information Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.de Diese Version ist zitierbar unter / This version is citable under: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-70583-8 Approaches to the Medieval Self Approaches to the Medieval Self Representations and Conceptualizations of the Self in the Textual and Material Culture of Western Scandinavia, c. 800–1500 Edited by Stefka G. Eriksen, Karen Langsholt Holmqvist, and Bjørn Bandlien ISBN 978-3-11-065555-1 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-065558-2 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-066476-8 https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110655582 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Receiving End the Role of Scholarship, Memory, and Genre in Constructing Ljósvetninga Saga
    On the Receiving End The Role of Scholarship, Memory, and Genre in Constructing Ljósvetninga saga Yoav Tirosh Dissertation towards the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Iceland School of Humanities Faculty of Icelandic and Comparative Cultural Studies October 2019 Íslensku- og menningardeild Háskóla Íslands hefur metið ritgerð þessa hæfa til varnar við doktorspróf í íslenskum bókmenntum Reykjavík, 21. ágúst 2019 Torfi Tulinius deildarforseti The Faculty of Icelandic and Comparative Cultural Studies at the University of Iceland has declared this dissertation eligible for a defence leading to a Ph.D. degree in Icelandic Literature Doctoral Committee: Ármann Jakobsson, supervisor Pernille Hermann Svanhildur Óskarsdóttir On the Receiving End © Yoav Tirosh Reykjavik 2019 Dissertation for a doctoral degree at the University of Iceland. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission of the author. ISBN 978-9935-9491-2-7 Printing: Háskólaprent Contents Abstract v Útdráttur vii Acknowledgements ix Prologue: Lentils and Lenses—Intent, Audience, and Genre 1 1. Introduction 5 1.1 Ljósvetninga saga’s Plot in the A-redaction and C-redaction 6 1.2 How to Approach Ljósvetninga saga 8 1.2.1 How to Approach This Thesis 9 1.2.2 Material Philology 13 1.2.3 Authorship and Intentionality 16 1.3 The Manuscripts 20 1.3.1 AM 561 4to 21 1.3.2 AM 162 C fol. 26 2. The Part About the Critics 51 2.1 The Debate on Ljósvetninga saga’s Origins in Nineteenth- and Twentieth- Century Scholarship 52 2.1.1 Early Discussion of Ljósvetninga saga: A Compilation of Loosely Connected Episodes 52 2.1.2 Þáttr theory 54 2.1.3 Freeprose and Ljósvetninga saga as a “Unique” Example of Oral Variance: The Primacy of the C-redaction 57 2.1.4 Bookprose and Ljósvetninga saga as a Misrepresented and Authored Text: The Primacy of the A-redaction 62 2.1.5 The Oral vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Þing to Talk About: Assemblies in the Íslendingasögur
    Some Þing To Talk About: Assemblies in the Íslendingasögur Hannah Burrows* THE legal, political, social and even religious functions of assembly sites in early Scandinavia have recently all been subjects of renewed scholarly attention.1 In this article, however, I intend to explore the literary function of assemblies in Íslendingasaga narratives. While the Íslendingasögur may contribute realistic (if not literal) details that can be used to deduce socio-historical information about the kinds of activities that went on in early Iceland,2 my primary purpose in this article is to examine the þing as a thirteenth-century literary construct. I wish to investigate what happened at the þing in the imagination of Íslendingasaga audiences and authors, how it functions in terms of plot and structure, and why, in the context of thirteenth-century saga writing, it might have been portrayed in the ways it is. This article makes three contributions. First, it offers a detailed breakdown, by saga and scene, of common occurrences represented in Íslendingasaga scenes based at the Alþing, or at one of the regional þing-meetings. 3 This information can be found in the Appendix. Table 1 presents the data statistically, so it can be * Hannah Burrows is Lecturer in Scandinavian Studies at the University of Aberdeen and Honorary Associate of the Medieval and Early Modern Centre, University of Sydney. Her research interests include Old Norse-Icelandic literature (particularly poetry and the Íslendingasögur), law, and society. 1 See, for example, the collected essays in Barnwell and Mostert 2003 and Pantos and Semple 2004; Myrberg 2008; Smith 2009; Semple and Sanmark 2013; two special editions, Sanmark, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Djúpdæla Saga – Síðasta Íslendingasagan?
    Eiríkur Rögnvaldsson Djúpdæla saga – síðasta Íslendingasagan? Það er allútbreidd skoðun að setningagerð íslensku hafi breyst tiltölulega lítið undanfarin þúsund ár. Vissulega getum við fyrirhafnarlítið komist í gegnum Íslendingasögurnar og aðra forna frásagnartexta, og það er alveg rétt að íslenska hefur breyst minna en flest eða öll grannmálin. Breytingar á setningagerð eru þó fleiri og víðtækari en oft er látið í veðri vaka en það villir mönnum kannski sýn að þessar breytingar eru fæstar þess eðlis að þær torveldi skilning að marki. Þótt einstök orð vefjist stundum fyrir okkur áttum við okkur oftast á því hvernig orðin og setningarliðirnir hanga saman. Það er vissulega ekki hægt að kvarta undan skorti á íslenskum prósatextum frá ýmsum tímum, en þeir henta hins vegar fæstir sérlega vel til rannsókna á setningafræðilegum breyt- ingum. Engar fornsögur eru varðveittar í frumriti; handrit þeirra eru öll áratugum eða öldum yngri en sagan sjálf. Aldur handritanna er oft óljós, en jafnvel þótt hægt sé að tímasetja sum handrit af sæmilegri nákvæmni er erfitt að skera úr því hvaða málstig þau sýna. Sumt í stafsetningu, beygingum og setningagerð þeirra getur borið merki ritunartímans, en annað getur verið komið úr forritinu og sýnt málstig sem er nokkrum áratugum eða öldum eldra. Því getur verið mjög erfitt að tímasetja einstakar breytingar. Eðli textanna skiptir líka máli þegar setningafræðilegar breytingar eru skoðaðar og samanburði beitt við nútímamál. Eitt af því sem getur skipt máli eru áhrif erlends forrits á þýdda texta; orðaröð og önnur setningafræðileg einkenni úr frumtexta hafa iðulega áhrif á setningagerð þýðingarinnar. Einnig þarf að huga að stíltegund textanna; orðaröð og ýmislegt fleira er iðulega breytilegt eftir stíl.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Birmingham Dating and Origins
    University of Birmingham Dating and Origins Callow, Christopher License: Other (please specify with Rights Statement) Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Callow, C 2017, Dating and Origins. in Á Jakobsson & S Jakobsson (eds), The Routledge Research Companion to the Medieval Icelandic Sagas. Ashgate. Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: This is an Accepted Manuscript of a book chapter published by Routledge/CRC Press in The Routledge Research Companion to the Medieval Icelandic Sagas on 14 February 2017, available online: https://www.routledge.com/The-Routledge-Research-Companion-to-the- Medieval-Icelandic-Sagas/Jakobsson-Jakobsson/p/book/9780367133658 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Evaluating Literature and Folklore in Icelandic Archaeology
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects CUNY Graduate Center 2-2021 Handbook for the Deceased: Re-Evaluating Literature and Folklore in Icelandic Archaeology Brenda Nicole Prehal The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/4134 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] HANDBOOK FOR THE DECEASED: RE-EVALUATING LITERATURE AND FOLKLORE IN ICELANDIC ARCHAEOLOGY by BRENDA PREHAL A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York. 2021 © 2020 BRENDA PREHAL All rights reserved. ii Handbook for the Deceased: Re-evaluating Literature and Folklore in Icelandic Archaeology by Brenda Prehal This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Anthropology in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date Thomas McGovern Chair of Examining Committee Date Jeff Maskovsky Executive Officer Supervisory Committee: Timothy Pugh Astrid Ogilvie Adolf Frðriksson THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Handbook for the Deceased: Re-Evaluating Literature and Folklore in Icelandic Archaeology by Brenda Prehal Advisor: Thomas McGovern The rich medieval Icelandic literary record, comprised of mythology, sagas, poetry, law codes and post-medieval folklore, has provided invaluable source material for previous generations of scholars attempting to reconstruct a pagan Scandinavian Viking Age worldview.
    [Show full text]
  • *The Fabulous Saga of Guðmundr Inn Ríki
    Hugvísindasvið *The Fabulous Saga of Guðmundr inn ríki Representation of Sexuality in Ljósvetninga saga Ritgerð til MA-prófs í 2014 Yoav Tirosh Maí 2014 Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Viking and Medieval Norse Studies *The Fabulous Saga of Guðmundr inn ríki Representation of Sexuality in Ljósvetninga saga Ritgerð til MA-prófs í Viking and Medieval Norse Studies Yoav Tirosh Kt.: 270885-3819 Leiðbeinandi: Ármann Jakobsson Maí 2014 Abstract Medieval Icelandic gender and sexuality have been a constant source of scholarly debate since the late 20th century, with Preben Meulengracht Sørensen and Carol J. Clover elucidating the volatile nature of Old Norse masculinity. Medieval explanations for sex difference have also been a source of much debate in this period, Thomas W. Laqueur’s controversial and popular one-sex model complemented by Joan Cadden’s more heterogeneous treatment of the issue. This thesis provides an extensive interpretation of Guðmundr inn ríki’s portrayal in Ljósvetninga saga. Guðmundr, a powerful goði living in the late 10th and early 11th century, was subjected to sexual insults by his rivals Þorkell hákr and Þórir goði Helgason. These sexual insults described him as effeminate and cowardly, and the thesis shows that the Ljósvetninga saga text follows suit with these slurs. Guðmundr’s description is tied with medieval medical perceptions of sex difference, and with gender perceptions prevalent in medieval Iceland. It is argued that these are not so distant as sometimes suggested, supported by Lars Lönnroth’s study of Latin scholarship’s influence on Íslendingasögur character descriptions. Keywords: argr, níð, homosexuality, sodomy, sex difference, gender, medieval sexuality, medieval medicine, medieval Iceland, Ljósvetninga saga, Guðmundr inn ríki Ágrip Kyn og kynhneigð á Íslandi á miðöldum hafa verið mjög til umræðu meðal fræðimanna á seinustu áratugum frá því að meðal annars Preben Meulengracht Sørensen og Carol J.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Reading William Morris Re-Writing the Vølsunga Saga
    SEX, LIES AND THE ÍSLENDINGA SÖGUR DAMIAN FLEMING Even though the Icelandic Family sagas as we have them were composed by Christians, possibly clerics, there has nevertheless been much debate over the role or level of influence Christianity and Christian ethics have in them.1 The sagas were originally transmitted orally and it is conceivable that portions of them can be traced back to before the conversion (traditionally dated to the year 999 or 1000); some scholars claim that the sagas can give us an accurate glimpse into pre-Christian Germanic mores. This is an ongoing debate within the field. It is within this context that I wish to explore notions of lying in the Íslendinga sögur, in particular in Njáls saga. As the narrative style of sagas is notoriously terse – almost never providing motives or discussing intent or offering any sort of commentary on the events portrayed – teasing out any sense of morality or judgment concerning the actions of the characters is necessarily problematic. For this reason, my analysis of Njáls saga will rely solely on the internal evidence of the saga itself. The notion of lying does not rest comfortably in discussions of heroic and Germanic literature. This sentiment is reflected in Saxo Grammaticus, the twelfth-century Danish historian, who in his Gesta Danorum tells us concerning pre-Christians: Plurimum quippe deformitatis olim ab illustribus viris in mendacio reponebatur. (Saxo 95; bk. 4, ch. 3)2 Similarly, his contemporary Gerald of Wales tells us specifically about Icelanders: Gentem hæc [Yslandia] breviloquam et veridicam habet. Raro namque brevique fungens sermone, juramento non utitur; quia mentiri non novit.
    [Show full text]
  • Creating the Medieval Saga: Versions, Variability and Editorial
    i i “VC” — // — : — page — # i i CREATING THE MEDIEVAL SAGA: VERSIONS, VARIABILITY AND EDITORIAL INTERPRETATIONS OF OLD NORSE SAGA LITERATURE Edited by JUDY QUINN EMILY LETHBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF SOUTHERN DENMARK 2010 i i i i i i “VC” — // — : — page — # i i The Words on the Page: Thoughts on Philology, Old and New M.J. D Only a very few works from Antiquity or the Middle Ages survive in ori- ginal, autograph or authorially sanctioned manuscripts. The vast majority have come down to us in copies, or copies of copies, lying at an unknown number of removes from the originals and varying in their trustworthiness, whether due to physical damage, scribal fallibility or deliberate revision. And while some works survive in unique manuscripts, most are preserved in dozens, hundreds or in some cases even thousands of copies. With very few exceptions, no two copies of the same work are ever exactly alike. There are, at the very least, always differences in punctuation (of which there is usually very little in manuscripts anyway), in spelling, reflect- ing both scribal caprice and changes in pronunciation, and in lexis, where new words are substituted for others no longer current. Scribes are also capable of error, miscopying words or sentences, writing them twice or leaving them out altogether. Scribes, particularly in vernacular traditions, frequently make deliberate changes too, correcting what they perceived to be errors or infelicities, shortening the text (either for stylistic reasons or to fit the amount of space available), or expanding it, either stylistically, through rhetorical elaboration, or materially, through the addition of new episodes or descriptive passages.
    [Show full text]
  • Eyrbyggja Saga
    Durham E-Theses Patterns of Nationalist Discourse in the Early Reception of the Icelandic Sagas in Britain SPRAY, THOMAS,EDWARD How to cite: SPRAY, THOMAS,EDWARD (2019) Patterns of Nationalist Discourse in the Early Reception of the Icelandic Sagas in Britain, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12964/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Patterns of Nationalist Discourse in the Early Reception of the Icelandic Sagas in Britain Thomas Edward Spray Ph.D. Department of English Studies Durham University 2019 Thomas Spray 2 Patterns of Nationalist Discourse Table of Contents Introduction: Tales of Many Nations ...................................................................................................... 5 1. Nationalism and Translation: Preliminary Definitions ....................................................................... 9 1.1. On Nationalism – or, Hvað er þjóð? .......................................................................................... 10 1.2. On Translation ........................................................................................................................... 15 2. Context: Old Norse in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries ..................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Viking Society for Northern Research and Dreyers Forlag Oslo Nordisk Filologi
    VIKING SOCIETY FOR NORTHERN RESEARCH AND DREYERS FORLAG OSLO NORDISK FILOLOGI BANDAMANNA SAGA edited by Hallvard Mager0y BANDAMANNA SAGA edited by HALLVARD MAGER0Y Glossary made by Peter Foote Introduction and Notes englished by Peter Foote and Sue Margeson VIKING SOCIETY FOR NORTHERN RESEARCH UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON DREYERS FORLAG OSLO © Copyright 1981 VIKING SOCIETY FOR NORTHERN RESEARCH UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON DREYERS FORLAG I/S UNDERVISNINGSLITTERATUR Arbiensgt. 7, Oslo 2 Typeset in Malta by Interprint Litnited ISBN 0-903521-15-6 (English Language market) ISBN 82-09-031341 (Scandinavian market) Printed and bound in Malta 1981 by Interprint Limited on Hamang slightly yellowish 120 g/m^ offset paper PREFACE It is a pleasure to me to express my gratitude to the people who have helped towards the publication of this edition. Professor Peter Foote and Dr Sue Margeson translated and undertook some abridgement of my introduction and notes. Professor Foote also made several helpful suggestions about interpretation and composed the glossary, incorporating in it many of the linguistic comments originally included in my general notes. Professor Jonas Kristjansson, Director of Stofnun Arna Magnussonar a Islandi, read the Norwegian text and made valuable comments on a number of points. Miss Maureen Thomas read a draft of the glossary and Mr Anthony Faulkes improved the presentation in various ways. The edition could not have been undertaken without financial support from the University of Oslo, whose research fund has met the expenses of translation, thanks not least to the good offices of my colleague. Pro­ fessor Eyvind Fjeld Halvorsen. Finally, I acknowledge my obligation to the Council of the Viking Society for Northern Research, London, and the Directors of Dreyers Forlag, Oslo, under whose joint imprint the book is now published.
    [Show full text]