DOCSLIB.ORG

The Foreign Service Journal, October 1974

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Foreign Service Journal, October 1974 50th Anniversary Year FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL OCTOBER 1974 60 CENTS 1 - 1 li rm Or America on $ 1.63 a day with collision. Do it now so not even a minute of your leave is wasted. That’s all it has to cost for the auto insurance you need A.I.U. claims facilities will be at your service 24 to drive through your beautiful country when you’re home hours a day and, if you should have to collect on a claim, on leave. And for the same prices, you get Canada, too. we won’t keep you waiting. Add a little more to cover shipping insurance if you’re America on $1.17 a day is based on a 60-day leave. taking your car over with you. Thirty days and the price goes up a little to $ 1.73. How little it costs is only outdone by how easy we If somehow you’ve managed to accumulate three make it to get. whole months, we give you America on $ 1.00 a day. Simply fill out the application at the bottom of the American International Underwriters, 1225 Connec¬ page facing this ad, send it to us with your check and we’ll ticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036, U.S.A. mail you your policy. Telephone (202) 737-6855. Suite 415. AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNDERWRITERS AMERICA ON $1.17 A DAY. TOURIST PREMIUMS UNITED STATES AND OR CANADA CHECK DESIRED TERMS IN DAYS TERMS IN IUV<i AND COVERAGES DESIRED POLICY 1ERMS IN DAYS AUTOMOBILES □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ Excluding operators under 25 and/or sport cars 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 COVERAGE A □ INJURY OR DAMAGE TO OTHERS Bodily injury liability $25,000/50,000 Property damage $5,000 Medical payments $1,000 $52.00 $59.00 $70.00 $80.00 $90.00 $101.00 $111.00 $122.00 $134.00 $145.00 $155.00 B □ LOSS OR DAMAGE TO YOUR VEHICI,E including Fire and Theft- Subject to $25 Deductible except Collision subject to $100 Deductible $42.00 $46.00 $56.00 $64.00 $72.00 $82.00 $88.00 $98.00 $106.00 $116.00 $124.00 REFER TO COMPANY FOR PREMIUMS FOR L) AUTC )MOBII .ES VA1 ,UED 11S EXCE5 IS OF $5, )00 2) IRENTED AUTOM OB ILF. S CD MARINE SHIPMENT OF YOUR AUTOM OBILE ONE WAY TRIP (available only with purchase of or B.) $ 1.60 per $ 100 of value War Risk $0.05 per $ 100 of value Round Trip—double the rates above D □ TRAILERS Coverage Mandatory with House Trailers (Thir d party covera ge is au omatict illy provi ded on u tility tra lers— free of extra charge) Bodily injury $25,000/50,000 Property damage $5,000 $13.00 $15.00 $18.00 $20.00 $22.00 $26.00 $28.00 $30.00 $34.00 $36.00 $39.00 OPTIONAL DAMAGE TO ALL TYPES O FTRA ILERS E □ COMPREHENSIVE—$25 Deductible $1.00 yer $10 3 OF lb JSURE1 D VALU E-SUBJ ECTTC ADJUS TMENT FOR S HORT TERM -MINI MUM 2.5% OF/ kNNUA L PREM IUM FQ FIRE ONLY— $.50 p er $100 OF lb ISURE13 VALL E-SUBJ ECT T( 3 SHOR r RATE TABL E OR 2 5% OF ANNlJAL PRE JMIUM G □ THEFT ONLY—$25 Deductible $.10 p er $100 OF lb ISURE1 3 VALL E-SUBJ1ECT T( 3 SHOR' r RATE TABL E OR 2 5% OF ANNU AL PRE MIUM HD COLLISIONS 100Deductible $1.50 i yer $10() OF lb 1SURE1 3 VALU E AIU AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE APPLICATION (Completed information must be accompanied by check and/or IMPORTANT: This must be completed. FJO 104 money order for full premium (U.S. Dollars) and mailed to AIU, 1225 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036, U.S.A. Date of Birth Occupation Name of Applicant Make and Model of Motorcar Value Overseas Address Year" of Manufacture Motor-Serial No. Mail Policy to Name and address of Mortgagee, if any Effective Date of Insurance Term days Coverages: A B C D E F G (circle coverages desired) Has any insurance company or underwriter declined to accept or refused to renew your insurance? if yes, give particulars on separate sheet. (yes or no) Have you or any other persons or members of your household who will drive your car had any accidents during the past two years? if yes, give particular?on separate sheet. (yes or no) Do you plan to travel in Canada? (yes or no) Signature of Applicant Date ,J American Foreign Service Association Officers and Members of the Governing Board THOMAS D. BOYATT, President F. ALLEN HARRIS, Vice President EDWIN L. MARTIN, Second Vice President RICHARD H. MELTON, Secretary JULIET C. ANTUNES, Treasurer CHARLOTTE CROMER & JOHN PATTERSON, AID Representatives FRANCINE BOWMAN, RICHARD B. FINN, CHARLES O. HOFFMAN & RAYMOND F. SMITH, State Representatives STANLEY A. ZUCKERMAN, USIA Representative FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL JAMES W. RIDDLEBERGER & WILLIAM O. BOSWELL, Retired Representatives October 1974: Volume 51, No. 10 Journal Editorial Board RALPH S. SMITH, Chairman FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY YEAR G. RICHARD MONSEN, Vice Chairman FREDERICK QUINN JOEL M. WOLDMAN EDWARD M. COHEN ERIC GRIFFEL JAMES F. O’CONNOR SANDRA L. VOGELGESANG President Ford on 50 Years of the Foreign Service 6 Staff RICHARD L. WILLIAMSON, Executive Director Communication re: The STEPHEN F. WALLACE, Counselor Future of Foreign Assistance HELEN VOGEL, Committee Coordinator and AID (cont’d) 8 C. B. SANNER, Membership and Circulation PHILIPPE RENARD Accelerating Promotion 16 Foreign Service Educational NATHANIEL DAVIS and Counseling Center The Present Challenge MARY JANE BROWN & CLARKE SLADE, Counselors to the Foreign Service 18 JACK PERRY Journal Our Diplomatic Establishment: Lights SHIRLEY R. NEWHALL, Editor and Shadows of 50 Years 21 MclVER ART & PUBLICATIONS, INC., Art Direction SMITH SIMPSON The Clouded Image: American Advertising Representatives Opinion and the JAMES C. SASMOR ASSOCIATES, 520 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10036 (212) 683-3421 Developing Countries 24 ALBERT D. SHONK CO., 681 Market St., San Francisco, Calif. JOHN W. SEWELL 94105 (415) 392-7144 JOSHUA B. POWERS, LTD., 46 Keyes House, Dolphin Sq„ The New China Tourism London SW1 01-834-8023/9. International Representatives. of the ’70s 28 JOHN K. FAIRBANK ® American Foreign Service Association, 1974. The Foreign Service Jour¬ nal is published twelve times a year by the American Foreign Service Performance Evaluation: Association, 2101 E Street, N.W., Washington D.C. 20037. Telephone The Annual Inventory 29 (202) 338-4045 PAUL V. WARD State Department Rigidity: Second-class postage paid at Washington, D.C. and at additional post office. Testing a Psychological Hypothesis 32 DAVID GARNHAM USIA at the Crossroads 35 GEORGE G. WYNNE The FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL is the journal of professionals in The Making of Diplomacy 40 foreign affairs, published twelve times a year by the American Foreign ROSE H. FALES Service Association, a non-profit organization. Life and Love in Material appearing herein represents the opinions of the writers and is not intended to indicate the official views of the Department of State, the the Foreign Service 49 United States Information Agency, the Agency for International Develop¬ ment or the United States Government as a whole. Membership in the American Foreign Service Association is open to the DEPARTMENTS professionals in foreign affairs overseas or in Washington, as well as to Editorials 4 persons having an active interest in, or close association with foreign affairs. FSJ Book Essay: Four Ambassadors, Membership dues are: Active Members—Dues range from $13 to $52 Three Decades, Two Questions 44 annually depending upon income. Retired Active Members—Dues are JEAN L. LALOY $30 annually for members with incomes over $15,000; $15 annually for FSJ Bookshelf 47 less than $15,000. Associate Members—Dues are $20 annually. For subscription to the JOURNAL, one year (12 issues); $6.00; two years, Letters to the Editor 58 $10.00. For subscriptions going abroad, except Canada, add $1.00 annu¬ AFSA News 60 ally for overseas postage. Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and/or America: History and Life. Microfilm copies of current as well as of back issues of the FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL are available through the University Microfilm Li¬ brary Services, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 under a contract signed Oc¬ Cover: Woman with Flowers, by Barbara Ebersole tober 30, 1967. A special offer for members of the American Foreign Service Association only. FOREIGN POLICY 25% OFF The price of keeping well-informed Here is a sampling of the kind of □ I am an AFSA member. Please enter has gone down. headline-making articles which have my subscription at the special rate for appeared in FOREIGN POLICY: AFSA members only: two years - All AFSA members are now eligible eight issues - for $15. for a special discount on their sub¬ • Tad Szulc’s exclusive account of how □ I am not an AFSA member. Enclosed scriptions to FOREIGN POLICY: Henry Kissinger negotiated the Viet¬ is $10 for a one-year subscription. two years - eight issues - for only $15. nam cease-fire That’s $5 off the newsstand price; • George F. Kennan’s reflections on the $3 off the regular subscription price. Soviet Union 25 years after his famous Name “X” article As an AFSA member, you will par¬ • The first major articles on oil, food, Address ticularly want to take advantage of and mineral resources - all months this opportunity to subscribe to the ahead of other publications City- “increasingly influential” journal • Major articles on the continuing stra- (Time) that is “refreshingly lively and tagic debate, by Morton Halperin and State, zip contentious” and “almost invariably Jeremy Stone, Paul Nitze, Herbert stimulating” (Newsweek).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • H.Doc. 108-224 Black Americans in Congress 1870-2007
    “The Negroes’ Temporary Farewell” JIM CROW AND THE EXCLUSION OF AFRICAN AMERICANS FROM CONGRESS, 1887–1929 On December 5, 1887, for the first time in almost two decades, Congress convened without an African-American Member. “All the men who stood up in awkward squads to be sworn in on Monday had white faces,” noted a correspondent for the Philadelphia Record of the Members who took the oath of office on the House Floor. “The negro is not only out of Congress, he is practically out of politics.”1 Though three black men served in the next Congress (51st, 1889–1891), the number of African Americans serving on Capitol Hill diminished significantly as the congressional focus on racial equality faded. Only five African Americans were elected to the House in the next decade: Henry Cheatham and George White of North Carolina, Thomas Miller and George Murray of South Carolina, and John M. Langston of Virginia. But despite their isolation, these men sought to represent the interests of all African Americans. Like their predecessors, they confronted violent and contested elections, difficulty procuring desirable committee assignments, and an inability to pass their legislative initiatives. Moreover, these black Members faced further impediments in the form of legalized segregation and disfranchisement, general disinterest in progressive racial legislation, and the increasing power of southern conservatives in Congress. John M. Langston took his seat in Congress after contesting the election results in his district. One of the first African Americans in the nation elected to public office, he was clerk of the Brownhelm (Ohio) Townshipn i 1855.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 “Pioneer Days in Florida: Diaries and Letters from the Settling of The
    “Pioneer Days in Florida: Diaries and Letters from the Settling of the Sunshine State, 1800-1900” A Listing of Materials Selected for the Proposed Digital Project Provenance of Materials All materials come from the Florida Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection in the P.K. Yonge Library of Florida History, Special Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida. Diaries and family collections are stored by the name of the major creator/writer. Other items have individual call numbers and are stored in folders in a shelving area dedicated to all types of small collections and miscellaneous papers (19th and 20th century records and personal papers, print materials, photocopies of research materials from other archives, etc.). “Pioneer Days in Florida” will digitize only the original 19th century manuscripts in the possession of the University of Florida. Exclusions from scanning will include—blank pages in diaries; routine receipts in family papers; and non-original or photocopied materials sometimes filed with original manuscripts. About the Metadata The project diaries have corresponding UF Library Catalog Records. Family collections have EAD Finding Aids along with UF Library Catalog Records. Other items are described in an online guide called the Florida Miscellaneous Manuscripts Database (http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/miscman/asp/advanced.htm ) and in some cases have a UF Library Catalog Record (noted below when present). Diaries and Memoirs: Existing UF Library Catalog Records Writer / Years Covered Caroline Eliza Williams, 1811-1812, 1814, 1823 http://uf.catalog.fcla.edu/uf.jsp?st=UF005622894&ix=pm&I=0&V=D&pm=1 Vicente Sebastián Pintado, (Concessiones de Tierras, 1817) http://uf.catalog.fcla.edu/uf.jsp?st=UF002784661&ix=pm&I=0&V=D&pm=1 Mary Port Macklin, (Memoir, 1823/28) http://uf.catalog.fcla.edu/uf.jsp?st=UF002821999&ix=pm&I=0&V=D&pm=1 William S.
    [Show full text]
  • Index to the US Department of State Documents Collection, 2010
    Description of document: Index to the US Department of State Documents Collection, 2010 Requested date: 13-May-2010 Released date: 03-December-2010 Posted date: 09-May-2011 Source of document: Freedom of Information Act Officer Office of Information Programs and Services A/GIS/IPS/RL US Department of State Washington, D. C. 20522-8100 Fax: 202-261-8579 Notes: This index lists documents the State Department has released under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) The number in the right-most column on the released pages indicates the number of microfiche sheets available for each topic/request The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear War. Papers Based on a Symposium Of
    . DOCUMENT RESUME ED 233 910 SE 043 147 A AUTHOR Mo'irison, Philip; And Others TITLE Nuclear Weapcins and'Nuclear War. Papers Based on a.' symposium of the Forum on Physics and Society of the American Physical Society, (ashington, D.C., April 1982.). INSTITUTION Americ'ap Association of Physics Teachers, Washington, 'D.C. 0 PUB DATE 83 NOTE 44. L AVAILABLE FROM American AssoCiatiOn of Physics Teachers, Graduate Phygics Bldg., SUNY, Stony Btook, NY,11794._(Nuclear Weapons $2.00 U.S., prepaid; Nuclear Energy $2.50 U.S./$3.00 outside U.S.). PUB TYPE Reports - General (140) Speeches/Conference Papers (150.) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Armed Forces; *Disarmament; *Intetnational Relations; National Defense; Nuclear Technology; *Nuclear Warfare; Treaties; *World Problems IDENTIFIERS *Nuclear Weapons; *USSR ABSTRACT Three papers on nuclear weapons and nuclear war, baged on talks 'given by distinguihed physicists during an American Physical Society-sponsored symposium,,-are provided in this booklet. They include "Caught Between Asymptotes" (Philip Morrison), "We are not Inferior to the Soviets" (Hans A. Bethe), and "MAD vs. NUTS" (Wolfgang K. H.. Panofsky).'Areas addressed in the first paper (whose title is based on a metaphOr offered by, John von Neumann) include the threat of nuclear war, WorldWar III. versus World War II, and .others. The major point of the second paper is that United States strategic nuclear forces are not infeiior to those of the Soviets., Areas addressed include accuracy/vulnerability, new weapons, madness of .nuclear war, SALT I and II, proposed nuclear weapons freeze, and possible U.S initiatives'.
    [Show full text]
  • US-Soviet Summit November-December 1987
    Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Ermarth, Fritz W.: Files Folder Title: US-Soviet Summit November 1987 - December 1987 (5) Box: RAC Box 1 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name ERMATH, FRITZ: FILES Withdrawer MID 4/19/2013 File Folder US - SOVIET SUMMIT: NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1987 (5) FOIA F02-073/5 Box Number RAC BOX 1 COLLINS 85 ID Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions Pages 157588 MEMO ROBERT RISCASSI TO GRANT GREEN 2 11/20/1987 Bl RE SUMMIT 157589 MEMO FRANK CARLUCCI TO THE PRESIDENT 5 11/20/1987 B 1 RE SCOPE PAPER 157590 SCOPE PAPER RE KEY ISSUES FOR THE SUMMIT 7 ND Bl 157591 MEMO FRITZ ERMARTH TO FRANK CARLUCCI 1 11/19/1987 Bl RE SCOPE PAPER 157592 MEMO WILLIAM MATZ TO GRANT GREEN RE 3 11/23/1987 B 1 SUMMIT (W/ATTACHMENTS) The above documents were not referred for declassification review at time of processing Freedom of Information Act• (5 U.S.C. 552(b)J B-1 Natlonal aecurlty claaalfled Information [(b)(1) of the FOIAJ B-2 Releaae would dlacloae Internal personnel rulea and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIAJ B-3 Releaae would
    [Show full text]
  • Military Law Review
    U.S. Volume 223 Issue 1 2015 DEP’T OF ARMY PAMPHLET 27-100-223 PAMPHLET ARMY OF DEP’T MILITARY LAW REVIEW ARTICLES THE FRENCH MILITARY INTERVENTION IN MALI, COUNTER-TERRORISM, AND THE LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT Mr. Dan E. Stigall MILITARY LAW REVIEW LAW MILITARY THE ABUSE OF DISCRETION STANDARD OF REVIEW IN MILITARY JUSTICE APPEALS Colonel Jeremy Stone Weber HE DID IT, BUT SO WHAT? WHY PERMITTING NULLIFICATION AT COURT-MARTIAL RIGHTFULLY ALLOWS MEMBERS TO USE THEIR CONSCIENCES IN DELIBERATIONS Major Michael E. Korte CYBERTERRORISTS: THE IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF NON-STATE ACTORS WHO ENGAGE IN CYBER-HOSTILITIES Major Andrea C. Goode KEEP YOUR HANDS TO YOURSELF: WHY THE MAXIMUM PENALTY FOR ASSAULT CONSUMMATED BY A BATTERY MUST BE INCREASED Major Brian J. Kargus Book Review VOLUME 223 2015 Department of the Army Pamphlet 27-100-223 Military Law Review Volume 223 Issue 1 2015 CONTENTS Articles The French Military Intervention in Mali, Counter-terrorism, and the Law of Armed Conflict Mr. Dan E. Stigall 1 The Abuse of Discretion Standard of Review in Military Justice Appeals Colonel Jeremy Stone Weber 41 He Did It, but So What? Why Permitting Nullification at Court-Martial Rightfully Allows Members to Use Their Consciences in Deliberations Major Michael E. Korte 100 Cyberterrorists: The Identification and Classification of Non-State Actors who Engage in Cyber-hostilities Major Andrea C. Goode 157 Keep your Hands to Yourself: Why the Maximum Penalty for Assault Consummated by a Battery Must Be Increased Major Brian J. Kargus 198 Book Review Duty: Memoirs of a Secretary at War Reviewed by Captain Sean P.
    [Show full text]
  • Interview with Ted Sorensen, President Kennedy's Speechwriter by Sherry and Jenny Thompson, February 2010
    Sorensen interview with Jenny and Sherry February 2010 Q. Your relationship to Thompson and his to Kennedy When John F. Kennedy was elected president in 1960, one of the reasons he ran was because at the height of the Cold War he was fearful that the Eisenhower/Dulles foreign policy of massive retaliation might only lead to nuclear war. Your father, Llewellyn Thompson, who had been US ambassador in Moscow during those late 50’s years was I’m quite certain a career a foreign service officer who was appointed I’m not sure what his title was counselor or maybe Ambassador at Large in the State Department. When CMC broke, (and more details in my new book called Councilor: Life at the Edge of History) on Oct. 16 the first of 13 memorable days of 1962. Historians still call them the 13 most dangerous days in the history of mankind. Because a misstep a wrong move could have started a war which would have turned very quickly into a nuclear exchange. And if the first step were Soviets firing tactical nuclear weapons, The United States, would have responded at least with tactical nuclear weapons and once both sides were on that nuclear escalator, they would have moved up to strategic weapons and then to all-out warfare, and the scientists say that the explosion of so many large nuclear weapons in both eastern Europe and in North America would have produced, in addition to the bombardment of 100s of thousands and millions of people in both countries, would have resulted in radioactive poisoning of the atmosphere and in time of every dimension of our planet and would be speed via wind and water and even soil to the far reaches of the planet until that planet was uninhabitable: no plant life, no animal life, no human life, and we you and I would not be talking right now.
    [Show full text]
  • Henry White Papers [Finding Aid]. Library of Congress. [PDF Rendered
    Henry White Papers A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2009 Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact Additional search options available at: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms010149 LC Online Catalog record: http://lccn.loc.gov/mm78045328 Prepared by Frank Tusa Collection Summary Title: Henry White Papers Span Dates: 1812-1931 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1880-1928) ID No.: MSS45328 Creator: White, Henry, 1850-1927 Extent: 31,500 items ; 103 containers ; 43 linear feet ; 6 microfilm reels Language: Collection material in English Location: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Summary: Diplomat. Correspondence, business records, conference proceedings, bulletins, memoranda, and notes relating to White’s career in the foreign service and as a member of the American Commission to Negotiate Peace. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Baker, Ray Stannard, 1870-1946--Correspondence. Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965--Correspondence. Bliss, Tasker Howard, 1853-1930--Correspondence. Bullitt, William C. (William Christian), 1891-1967--Correspondence. Dulles, Allen, 1893-1969--Correspondence. Dulles, John Foster, 1888-1959--Correspondence. Hay, John, 1838-1905--Correspondence. Herter, Christian Archibald, 1895-1966--Correspondence. Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964--Correspondence. James, Henry, 1843-1916. Lansing, Robert, 1864-1928--Correspondence. Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865. Lincoln, Robert Todd, 1843-1926--Correspondence. Lodge, Henry Cabot, 1850-1924--Correspondence.
    [Show full text]
  • 1961–1963 First Supplement
    THE JOHN F. KENNEDY NATIONAL SECURITY FILES USSRUSSR ANDAND EASTERNEASTERN EUROPE:EUROPE: NATIONAL SECURITY FILES, 1961–1963 FIRST SUPPLEMENT A UPA Collection from National Security Files General Editor George C. Herring The John F. Kennedy National Security Files, 1961–1963 USSR and Eastern Europe First Supplement Microfilmed from the Holdings of The John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, Massachusetts Project Coordinator Robert E. Lester Guide compiled by Nicholas P. Cunningham A UPA Collection from 7500 Old Georgetown Road • Bethesda, MD 20814-6126 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The John F. Kennedy national security files, 1961–1963. USSR and Eastern Europe. First supplement [microform] / project coordinator, Robert E. Lester. microfilm reels ; 35 mm. — (National security files) “Microfilmed from the holdings of the John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, Massachusetts.” Accompanied by a printed guide compiled by Nicholas P. Cunningham. ISBN 1-55655-876-7 1. United States—Foreign relations—Soviet Union—Sources. 2. Soviet Union—Foreign relations—United States—Sources. 3. United States—Foreign relations—1961–1963— Sources. 4. National security—United States—History—Sources. 5. Soviet Union— Foreign relations—1953–1975—Sources. 6. Europe, Eastern—Foreign relations—1945– 1989. I. Lester, Robert. II. Cunningham, Nicholas P. III. University Publications of America (Firm) IV. Title. V. Series. E183.8.S65 327.73047'0'09'046—dc22 2005044440 CIP Copyright © 2006 LexisNexis, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-876-7.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Liberty'cargo Ship
    ‘LIBERTY’ CARGO SHIP FEATURE ARTICLE written by James Davies for KEY INFORMATION Country of Origin: United States of America Manufacturers: Alabama Dry Dock Co, Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards Inc, California Shipbuilding Corp, Delta Shipbuilding Co, J A Jones Construction Co (Brunswick), J A Jones Construction Co (Panama City), Kaiser Co, Marinship Corp, New England Shipbuilding Corp, North Carolina Shipbuilding Co, Oregon Shipbuilding Corp, Permanente Metals Co, St Johns River Shipbuilding Co, Southeastern Shipbuilding Corp, Todd Houston Shipbuilding Corp, Walsh-Kaiser Co. Major Variants: General cargo, tanker, collier, (modifications also boxed aircraft transport, tank transport, hospital ship, troopship). Role: Cargo transport, troop transport, hospital ship, repair ship. Operated by: United States of America, Great Britain, (small quantity also Norway, Belgium, Soviet Union, France, Greece, Netherlands and other nations). First Laid Down: 30th April 1941 Last Completed: 30th October 1945 Units: 2,711 ships laid down, 2,710 entered service. Released by WW2Ships.com USA OTHER SHIPS www.WW2Ships.com FEATURE ARTICLE 'Liberty' Cargo Ship © James Davies Contents CONTENTS ‘Liberty’ Cargo Ship ...............................................................................................................1 Key Information .......................................................................................................................1 Contents.....................................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • Citizen Scientist: Frank Von Hippel's Adventures in Nuclear Arms Control
    JOURNAL FOR PEACE AND NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT https://doi.org/10.1080/25751654.2019.1698507 Citizen Scientist: Frank Von Hippel’s Adventures in Nuclear Arms Control PART 3. Working with Gorbachev’s Advisors to End the Nuclear Arms Race Frank Von Hippel and Tomoko Kurokawa ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Von Hippel describes his collaboration with a group advising Received 11 September 2019 Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, as they devised strategies, Accepted 26 November 2019 “ ” including glasnost (openness and transparency) to end the KEYWORDS nuclear arms race with the United States as part of a larger Gorbachev; Sakharov; effort to reform the Soviet Union and integrate it into the global nuclear test moratorium; economy. ballistic missile defense; space reactors Velikhov Revealed as a Gorbachev Advisor Tomoko Kurokawa (TK): General Secretary of the Communist Party and leader of the Soviet Union, Yuri Andropov, died in February 1984. He was succeeded by Konstantin Chernenko who died a year later in March 1985. Chernenko was succeeded by Mikhail Gorbachev. Frank von Hippel (FvH): And then we learned that Velikhov and Sagdeev were advising Gorbachev. TK: Until then you didn’t know that? FvH: We did not. We weren’t into Kremlinology and we had never heard of Gorbachev. We were brainstorming with a group of senior Soviet scientists about nuclear arms control and disarmament; we hoped they were influential but we didn’tknow. After Gorbachev took over, however, things started getting exciting. I believe the US nuclear-weapons freeze movement had an impact on Gorbachev. The Soviets had an image of the US as being run by the military- industrial complex.
    [Show full text]
  • Frank Von Hippel
    Frank von Hippel hen, at Jeremy Stone’s instigation, I was elected chair of the Federation of American Scientists in 1979, I W had no idea what an adventure that I was about to embark upon. This adventure was triggered by President Reagan taking office in 1981 and resulted in FAS making significant contributions to ending the U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms race and the Cold War. This was not the President Reagan we remember now as the partner of Mikhail Gorbachev in ending the Cold War. This was a president who had been convinced by the Committee on the Present Danger1 that the United States was falling behind in the nuclear arms race and was in mortal danger of a Soviet first nuclear strike. Reagan appointed 33 members of the Committee to high-level positions in his administration, including those of National Security Advisor, Secretary of State, Director of the CIA, and numerous senior positions in the Department of Defense. Under this leadership, the Reagan Administration proposed a U.S. nuclear buildup that would deploy almost 10,000 new ballistic missile and cruise missile nuclear warheads, accurate enough to attack Soviet ballistic missiles in their hardened silos. 1 For a history of the Committee on the Present Danger see, for example, http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Committee_on_the_Present_Danger Thus, it was clear that the Reagan Administration was responding to fears of a first strike by acquiring enhanced capabilities for a first strike against the Soviet Union.2 This move to resume the nuclear arms race was disturbing after the period of détente with the Soviet Union under Presidents Nixon and Ford, but the public image of the Soviet Union as a status quo power had already been shaken by the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979.
    [Show full text]