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Stanislav Nikolaevich Rodionov (–)
SCIENCE & GLOBAL SECURITY ,VOL.,NO.,– http://dx.doi.org/./.. Memoriam: Stanislav Nikolaevich Rodionov (–) Oleg Prilutsky and Frank von Hippel Stanislav Rodionov was a member of the first post-World War II generation of Soviet physicists. He began his scientific career in 1953 in what is now known as the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” where he carried out an exper- iment in which, for the first time in the Soviet Union, he captured electrons from tritium decay in a magnetic mirror adiabatic trap. From 1958 to 1973, he worked in the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Siberian Division of USSR Academy of Sciences in Akademgorodok near Novosibirsk. Dur- ing the 1960s, while Rodionov was there, this institute, directed by Academician Budker, built one of the first electron-positron colliders in the world (VEPP-2). Rodionov played a very important scientific-organizational role as the Secretary of the institute’s Scientific Council—its “Round Table.” In 1974, Rodionov returned to Moscow to join the staff of the Soviet Academy of Sciences’ Space Research Institute (IKI) directed by Roald Sagdeev. There he partici- pated in the organization of international collaborations in space research programs, which was a pioneering contribution to opening up Soviet science to the world. Rodionov also supported Sagdeev in doing arms-control research under the aus- pices of the Committee of Soviet Scientists for Peace and Against the Nuclear Threat. This Committee was established during a 17–19 May 1983 All-Union conference of scientists within the Soviet Academy called in response to President Reagan’s 23 MarchspeechaskingAmericanscientiststojoininaStrategicDefenseInitiative to make nuclear-armed ballistic missiles “impotent and obsolete.” Evgeny Velikhov was the first chairman with Sagdeev, Sergei Kapitza and Andrei Kokoshin as his Vice Chairmen. -
Report: the New Nuclear Arms Race
The New Nuclear Arms Race The Outlook for Avoiding Catastrophe August 2020 By Akshai Vikram Akshai Vikram is the Roger L. Hale Fellow at Ploughshares Fund, where he focuses on U.S. nuclear policy. A native of Louisville, Kentucky, Akshai previously worked as an opposition researcher for the Democratic National Committee and a campaign staffer for the Kentucky Democratic Party. He has written on U.S. nuclear policy and U.S.-Iran relations for outlets such as Inkstick Media, The National Interest, Defense One, and the Quincy Institute’s Responsible Statecraft. Akshai holds an M.A. in International Economics and American Foreign Policy from the Johns Hopkins University SAIS as well as a B.A. in International Studies and Political Science from Johns Hopkins Baltimore. On a good day, he speaks Spanish, French, and Persian proficiently. Acknowledgements This report was made possible by the strong support I received from the entire Ploughshares Fund network throughout my fellowship. Ploughshares Fund alumni Will Saetren, Geoff Wilson, and Catherine Killough were extremely kind in offering early advice on the report. From the Washington, D.C. office, Mary Kaszynski and Zack Brown offered many helpful edits and suggestions, while Joe Cirincione, Michelle Dover, and John Carl Baker provided much- needed encouragement and support throughout the process. From the San Francisco office, Will Lowry, Derek Zender, and Delfin Vigil were The New Nuclear Arms Race instrumental in finalizing this report. I would like to thank each and every one of them for their help. I would especially like to thank Tom Collina. Tom reviewed numerous drafts of this report, never The Outlook for Avoiding running out of patience or constructive advice. -
Annual Report 2018
ANNUAL REPORT 2018 CONTRIBUTION TO THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL ENERGY Contents 1 ASSOCIATION 2 THE GLOBAL ENERGY PRIZE 4 Key Indicators 44 About the Award 11 Address by the President of the Association 48 The International Award Committee 14 Key Events of 2018 52 Nomination Process 24 History of the Association 53 Nomination Cycle 26 Association Members 54 Nominating Persons 27 Organizational Structure 54 Independent International Experts Pool 29 Mission and Values 55 National Award Support Committees 30 Development Strategy 56 2018 Nomination Cycle Results 35 International Cooperation 57 Award Laureates 40 Financial Results 64 Award Development 65 Position in the Industry 3 PROGRAMS OF THE ASSOCIATION 4 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 68 Programs and Contests of the Association. 80 Corporate Governance Development Plans 89 Internal Control and Audit 70 The Energy of Youth Contest 90 Implementation of IT-solutions 72 The Energy of Breakthrough Contest 91 HR Policy 74 The Energy of Thought Scientific Symposium 93 Interaction with Stakeholders 75 The Energy of Knowledge Program 96 Work with Award Laureates and Program Winners 76 The Energy of Education Program 77 The Energy of Inspiration Award 77 The Energy of Words International Media Contest 118 GLOSSARY 119 DISCLAIMER 119 CONTACT DETAILS 120 ANNEXES 120 1. About the Report 121 2. GRI Content Index 126 3. Financial Statements for 2018 130 4. Conclusion on the Results of the Audit of the Association Activities 132 5. Feedback Form TRANSFORMATION ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE GROWTH 1 OUR ASSOCIATION HELPS TO SHAPE THE ENERGY OF THE FUTURE BY SUPPORTING ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND STIMULATING 3 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY COOPERATION IN THE INTERESTS CORE ACTIVITIES OF ALL HUMANKIND. -
The True History of the U.S. Fusion Program —And Who Tried to Kill It
PPPL Inside the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, while it was in con- struction. The TFTR set world records for plasma temperature and fusion power produced in the late 1980s and early 1990s. But budget cuts closed it down before all its planned experiments were completed. The True History of The U.S. Fusion Program An inside analysis of how the U.S. fusion program was —And Who euthanized, dispels the myth that “fusion can’t work.“ Tried To Kill It by Marsha Freeman here is no disputing that the world is facing an energy been visible on the horizon for years, but seemingly never crisis of vast proportions. But this could have been avoid- close at hand. Why? Ted. For more than five decades, scientists, engineers, en- Legend has it that there are more problems in attaining con- ergy planners, policy-makers, and, at times, even the public at trolled nuclear fusion than scientists anticipated, and that little large, have known what the ultimate alternative is to our finite progress has been made. “Fusion is still 50 years away, and energy resources—nuclear fusion. This energy, which powers always has been” has become the common refrain of skeptics. the Sun and all of the stars, and can use a virtually unlimited But the reason that we do not have commercially available supply of isotopes of hydrogen, available from seawater, has fusion energy is not what is commonly believed. 21st Century Science & Technology Winter 2009/2010 15 In 1976, the Energy Research and Development Administra- tion, or ERDA—the predecessor to the Department of Energy—pub- lished a chart showing various policy and funding options for the magnetic fusion energy research program. -
John A. Shanahan, Corresponding Author January 11, 2010 Dr. John P. Holdren Director, Office of Science & Technology Policy
John A. Shanahan, Corresponding Author January 11, 2010 Dr. John P. Holdren Director, Office of Science & Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President Washington, D.C. Dear John, We met in Palo Alto, California in 1970, while you were working on your doctorate at Stanford University and I was starting an engineering career in nuclear power. You visited my family in Switzerland in the 1980s, where I was working on Nuclear Power Plant Leibstadt. You have also answered questions over the years on applications of Einstein‘s equations that is much appreciated. Nearly 40 years have passed. We are both still working to make genuine contributions through science and engineering for the lasting benefit of society and the planet. Please hear our statement and pass it on to the President. Peace on earth and preservation of the marvels of nature will not be achieved without a sound energy policy. This policy must include well-managed and well-governed slow- and fast-neutron nuclear power, recycling spent fuels and depleted uranium and possibly thorium. This was the goal of the founding scientists in the 1940s and still is the best way to a reliable and secure energy future. But the world is leaving us behind. At present, 58 new nuclear plants (including two fast reactors, one in Russia and one in India) are under construction in 14 countries. Of these, 20 are in China, 9 in Russia, 6 each in India and South Korea. Only one is in North America, and that is resumed work on a plant that was mothballed in 1988 when it was 80% finished. -
Preparing for Nuclear War: President Reagan's Program
The Center for Defense Infomliansupports a strong eelens* but opposes e-xces- s~eexpenditures or forces It tetiev~Dial strong social, economic and political structures conifflaute equally w national security and are essential to the strength and welfareof our country - @ 1982 CENTER FOR DEFENSE INFORMATION-WASHINGTON, D.C. 1.S.S.N. #0195-6450 Volume X, Number 8 PREPARING FOR NUCLEAR WAR: PRESIDENT REAGAN'S PROGRAM Defense Monitor in Brief President Reagan and his advisors appear to be preparing the United States for nuclear war with the Soviet Union. President Reagan plans to spend $222 Billion in the next six years in an effort to achieve the capacity to fight and win a nuclear war. The U.S. has about 30,000 nuclear weapons today. The U.S. plans to build 17,000 new nuclear weapons in the next decade. Technological advances in the U.S. and U.S.S.R. and changes in nuclear war planning are major factors in the weapons build-up and make nuclear war more likely. Development of new U.S. nuclear weapons like the MX missile create the impression in the U.S., Europe, and the Soviet Union that the U.S.is buildinga nuclear force todestroy the Soviet nuclear arsenal in a preemptive attack. Some of the U.S. weapons being developed may require the abrogation of existing arms control treaties such as the ABM Treaty and Outer Space Treaty, and make any future agreements to restrain the growth of nuclear weapons more difficult to achieve. Nuclear "superiority" loses its meaning when the U.S. -
Canada Bulletin of (He National Fusion Proyrnm Issuu 28, Juin; 1
r CÀ9600782 Canada Bulletin of (he National Fusion Proyrnm Issuu 28, Juin; 1 ¥M> h t h| i s Issue Canada-US Collaboration Review Fast electrons in tokamaks: New data from TdeV CFFTP: New Manager and New Rôle y INIS-mf — 14893 CCFM: Program review Canada-Chile Fusion Work Velikhov to address Montréal fusion ISSN 0835-488X News Notes meeting INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL Canada-US fusion meeting in Montréal: Fusion Breeder Work 'Joint CNS/FPA Fusion Symposium' in Chile Montréal, Canada, September 6-8,1995 Canadian experts assist Chilean fusion breeder researchers Evgeny Velikhov (ITER) to give keynote address Chilean researchers have a long- N. Anne Davies (USDOE) to review US Fusion Program term goal of manufacturing lithium ceramic tritium breeder materials The program for the Joint • ITER (JCT and Home Teams for fusion power reactors. CNS/FPA Fusion Symposium in work). Researchers at Chile's La Reina Montréal, September 6-8, has nuclear research site near Santiago been finalized. The Canadian • Tritium work (Canada, US, have been developing their lithium Nuclear Society (CNS) and the TFTR). ceramics fusion breeder program USA's Fusion Power Associates for several years. A tritium mea- (FPA) are jointly presenting the • Spherical tokamaks and TPX. surement laboratory is being Symposium. established at La Reina for this Other presentation topics work. Dr. Evgeny Velikhov, Chair of the include: compact toroid fuelling, ITER Council, will deliver the inertia) confinement (NIF), educa- Canada-Chile cooperation in fusion keynote address. tional activities and plasma-aided breeders began in 1993, and is manufacturing. centred on the eventual manufac- Dr. N. -
The Russian-A(Merican) Bomb: the Role of Espionage in the Soviet Atomic Bomb Project
J. Undergrad. Sci. 3: 103-108 (Summer 1996) History of Science The Russian-A(merican) Bomb: The Role of Espionage in the Soviet Atomic Bomb Project MICHAEL I. SCHWARTZ physicists and project coordinators ought to be analyzed so as to achieve an understanding of the project itself, and given the circumstances and problems of the project, just how Introduction successful those scientists could have been. Third and fi- nally, the role that espionage played will be analyzed, in- There was no “Russian” atomic bomb. There only vestigating the various pieces of information handed over was an American one, masterfully discovered by by Soviet spies and its overall usefulness and contribution Soviet spies.”1 to the bomb project. This claim echoes a new theme in Russia regarding Soviet Nuclear Physics—Pre-World War II the Soviet atomic bomb project that has arisen since the democratic revolution of the 1990s. The release of the KGB As aforementioned, Paul Josephson believes that by (Commissariat for State Security) documents regarding the the eve of the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union, Soviet sci- role that espionage played in the Soviet atomic bomb project entists had the technical capability to embark upon an atom- has raised new questions about one of the most remark- ics weapons program. He cites the significant contributions able and rapid scientific developments in history. Despite made by Soviet physicists to the growing international study both the advanced state of Soviet nuclear physics in the of the nucleus, including the 1932 splitting of the lithium atom years leading up to World War II and reported scientific by proton bombardment,7 Igor Kurchatov’s 1935 discovery achievements of the actual Soviet atomic bomb project, of the isomerism of artificially radioactive atoms, and the strong evidence will be provided that suggests that the So- fact that L. -
Television and Politics in the Soviet Union by Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION and AMERICA's CHILDREN a Crisis of Neglect by Edward L
SPLIT SIGNALS COMMUNICATION AND SOCIETY edited by George Gerbner and Marsha Seifert IMAGE ETHICS The Moral Rights of Subjects in Photographs, Film, and Television Edited by Larry Gross, John Stuart Katz, and Jay Ruby CENSORSHIP The Knot That Binds Power and Knowledge By Sue Curry Jansen SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union By Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION AND AMERICA'S CHILDREN A Crisis of Neglect By Edward L. Palmer SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union ELLEN MICKIEWICZ New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1988 Oxford University Press Oxford New York Toronto Delhi Bombay Calcutta Madras Karachi Petaling Jaya Singapore Hong Kong Tokyo Nairobi Dar es Salaam Cape Town Melbourne Auckland and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Copyright © 1988 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of Oxford University Press. Mickiewicz, Ellen Propper. Split signals : television and politics in the Soviet Union / Ellen Mickiewicz. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-19-505463-6 1. Television broadcasting of news—Soviet Union. 2. Television broadcasting—Social aspects—Soviet Union. 3. Television broadcasting—Political aspects—Soviet Union. 4. Soviet Union— Politics and government—1982- I. Title. PN5277.T4M53 1988 302.2'345'0947—dc!9 88-4200 CIP 1098 7654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Preface In television terminology, broadcast signals are split when they are divided and sent to two or more locations simultaneously. -
Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear War. Papers Based on a Symposium Of
. DOCUMENT RESUME ED 233 910 SE 043 147 A AUTHOR Mo'irison, Philip; And Others TITLE Nuclear Weapcins and'Nuclear War. Papers Based on a.' symposium of the Forum on Physics and Society of the American Physical Society, (ashington, D.C., April 1982.). INSTITUTION Americ'ap Association of Physics Teachers, Washington, 'D.C. 0 PUB DATE 83 NOTE 44. L AVAILABLE FROM American AssoCiatiOn of Physics Teachers, Graduate Phygics Bldg., SUNY, Stony Btook, NY,11794._(Nuclear Weapons $2.00 U.S., prepaid; Nuclear Energy $2.50 U.S./$3.00 outside U.S.). PUB TYPE Reports - General (140) Speeches/Conference Papers (150.) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Armed Forces; *Disarmament; *Intetnational Relations; National Defense; Nuclear Technology; *Nuclear Warfare; Treaties; *World Problems IDENTIFIERS *Nuclear Weapons; *USSR ABSTRACT Three papers on nuclear weapons and nuclear war, baged on talks 'given by distinguihed physicists during an American Physical Society-sponsored symposium,,-are provided in this booklet. They include "Caught Between Asymptotes" (Philip Morrison), "We are not Inferior to the Soviets" (Hans A. Bethe), and "MAD vs. NUTS" (Wolfgang K. H.. Panofsky).'Areas addressed in the first paper (whose title is based on a metaphOr offered by, John von Neumann) include the threat of nuclear war, WorldWar III. versus World War II, and .others. The major point of the second paper is that United States strategic nuclear forces are not infeiior to those of the Soviets., Areas addressed include accuracy/vulnerability, new weapons, madness of .nuclear war, SALT I and II, proposed nuclear weapons freeze, and possible U.S initiatives'. -
Military Law Review
U.S. Volume 223 Issue 1 2015 DEP’T OF ARMY PAMPHLET 27-100-223 PAMPHLET ARMY OF DEP’T MILITARY LAW REVIEW ARTICLES THE FRENCH MILITARY INTERVENTION IN MALI, COUNTER-TERRORISM, AND THE LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT Mr. Dan E. Stigall MILITARY LAW REVIEW LAW MILITARY THE ABUSE OF DISCRETION STANDARD OF REVIEW IN MILITARY JUSTICE APPEALS Colonel Jeremy Stone Weber HE DID IT, BUT SO WHAT? WHY PERMITTING NULLIFICATION AT COURT-MARTIAL RIGHTFULLY ALLOWS MEMBERS TO USE THEIR CONSCIENCES IN DELIBERATIONS Major Michael E. Korte CYBERTERRORISTS: THE IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF NON-STATE ACTORS WHO ENGAGE IN CYBER-HOSTILITIES Major Andrea C. Goode KEEP YOUR HANDS TO YOURSELF: WHY THE MAXIMUM PENALTY FOR ASSAULT CONSUMMATED BY A BATTERY MUST BE INCREASED Major Brian J. Kargus Book Review VOLUME 223 2015 Department of the Army Pamphlet 27-100-223 Military Law Review Volume 223 Issue 1 2015 CONTENTS Articles The French Military Intervention in Mali, Counter-terrorism, and the Law of Armed Conflict Mr. Dan E. Stigall 1 The Abuse of Discretion Standard of Review in Military Justice Appeals Colonel Jeremy Stone Weber 41 He Did It, but So What? Why Permitting Nullification at Court-Martial Rightfully Allows Members to Use Their Consciences in Deliberations Major Michael E. Korte 100 Cyberterrorists: The Identification and Classification of Non-State Actors who Engage in Cyber-hostilities Major Andrea C. Goode 157 Keep your Hands to Yourself: Why the Maximum Penalty for Assault Consummated by a Battery Must Be Increased Major Brian J. Kargus 198 Book Review Duty: Memoirs of a Secretary at War Reviewed by Captain Sean P. -
Timeline of the Cold War
Timeline of the Cold War 1945 Defeat of Germany and Japan February 4-11: Yalta Conference meeting of FDR, Churchill, Stalin - the 'Big Three' Soviet Union has control of Eastern Europe. The Cold War Begins May 8: VE Day - Victory in Europe. Germany surrenders to the Red Army in Berlin July: Potsdam Conference - Germany was officially partitioned into four zones of occupation. August 6: The United States drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima (20 kiloton bomb 'Little Boy' kills 80,000) August 8: Russia declares war on Japan August 9: The United States drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki (22 kiloton 'Fat Man' kills 70,000) August 14 : Japanese surrender End of World War II August 15: Emperor surrender broadcast - VJ Day 1946 February 9: Stalin hostile speech - communism & capitalism were incompatible March 5 : "Sinews of Peace" Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill - "an "iron curtain" has descended on Europe" March 10: Truman demands Russia leave Iran July 1: Operation Crossroads with Test Able was the first public demonstration of America's atomic arsenal July 25: America's Test Baker - underwater explosion 1947 Containment March 12 : Truman Doctrine - Truman declares active role in Greek Civil War June : Marshall Plan is announced setting a precedent for helping countries combat poverty, disease and malnutrition September 2: Rio Pact - U.S. meet 19 Latin American countries and created a security zone around the hemisphere 1948 Containment February 25 : Communist takeover in Czechoslovakia March 2: Truman's Loyalty Program created to catch Cold War