Predicting Biomass from Snout–Vent Length in New World Frogs
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Historically, Direct-Developing Frogs of The
Historically, direct-developing frogs of the genus Eleutherodacylus (Family: Eleutherodactylidae) have been some of the most perplexing and taxonomically challenging amphibians in the New World to investigate. In the following paper, the authors studied these frogs in western Mexico, and conducted a series of morphological, molecular, and vocalization analyses. Their results revealed the existence of six new species. Pictured here is an individual from Ixtlahuacán, Colima, in its natural habitat, one of the species being described. ' © Christoph I. Grünwald 6 Grünwald et al. Six new species of Eleutherodactylus www.mesoamericanherpetology.com www.eaglemountainpublishing.com Version of record: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3EDC9AB7-94EE-4EAC-89B4-19F5218A593A Six new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: subgenus Syrrhophus) from Mexico, with a discussion of their systematic relationships and the validity of related species CHRISTOPH I. GRÜNWALD1,2,3,6, JACOBO REYES-VELASCO3,4,6, HECTOR FRANZ-CHÁVEZ3,5,6, KAREN I. 3,6 3,5,6 2,3,6 4 MORALES-FLORES , IVÁN T. AHUMADA-CARRILLO , JASON M. JONES , AND STEPHANE BOISSINOT 1Biencom Real Estate, Carretera Chapala - Jocotepec #57-1, C.P. 45920, Ajijic, Jalisco, Mexico. E-mail: [email protected] (Corresponding author) 2Herpetological Conservation International - Mesoamerica Division, 450 Jolina Way, Encinitas, California 92024, United States. 3Biodiversa A. C., Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico. 4New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. 5Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Carretera a Nogales Km. 15.5. Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, C.P. 45110, Jalisco, Mexico. 6Herp.mx A.C., Villa de Alvarez, Colima, Mexico. ABSTRACT: We present an analysis of morphological, molecular, and advertisement call data from sampled populations of Eleutherodactylus (subgenus Syrrhophus) from western Mexico and describe six new spe- cies. -
Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 8
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Publications Plant Health Inspection Service 2012 Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 8. Eleutherodactylus planirostris, the Greenhouse Frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae) Christina A. Olson Utah State University, [email protected] Karen H. Beard Utah State University, [email protected] William C. Pitt National Wildlife Research Center, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc Olson, Christina A.; Beard, Karen H.; and Pitt, William C., "Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 8. Eleutherodactylus planirostris, the Greenhouse Frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae)" (2012). USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff Publications. 1174. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/1174 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 8. Eleutherodactylus planirostris, the Greenhouse Frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae)1 Christina A. Olson,2 Karen H. Beard,2,4 and William C. Pitt 3 Abstract: The greenhouse frog, Eleutherodactylus planirostris, is a direct- developing (i.e., no aquatic stage) frog native to Cuba and the Bahamas. It was introduced to Hawai‘i via nursery plants in the early 1990s and then subsequently from Hawai‘i to Guam in 2003. The greenhouse frog is now widespread on five Hawaiian Islands and Guam. -
Amphibia: Anura: Eleutherodactylidae), from Eastern Cuba
124 SOLENODON 12: 124-135, 2015 Another new cryptic frog related to Eleutherodactylus varleyi Dunn (Amphibia: Anura: Eleutherodactylidae), from eastern Cuba Luis M. DÍAZ* and S. Blair HEDGES** *Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Cuba, Obispo #61, Esquina Oficios, Plaza de Armas, Habana Vieja, CP 10100, Cuba. [email protected] **Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-530, USA. [email protected] ABSTRacT. A new cryptic frog, Eleutherodactylus beguei sp. nov., is described from the pine forests of La Munición, Yateras, Guantánamo Province, Cuba. It is sympatric with E. feichtin- geri, another recently described grass frog closely related to E. varleyi, but differs in morphol- ogy, vocalization and DNA sequences of the mitochondrial Cyt-b gene. One female of the new species was found vocalizing in response to a calling male, a behavior that is still poorly documented in anurans. Same male and female were found in axillary amplexus and sur- rounded by 9 eggs (3.5–3.7 mm in diameter) 5 hours after being isolated in a small container. Key words: Amphibia, Anura, Eleutherodactylidae, Eleutherodactylus, new species, Terrarana, Euhyas, West Indies, Guantánamo, female reciprocation calls, eggs. INtrODUCtION After a recent review of the geographic variation of the Cuban Grass Frog Eleutherodactylus varleyi Dunn, Díaz et al. (2012) described E. feichtingeri, a cryptic species widely distributed in central and eastern Cuba. the two species differ primarily in tympanum size, supratympanic stripe pattern, and advertisement calls. Species recognition was also supported by genetic and cytogenetic data. One of the authors (SBH) conducted DNA sequence analyses that confirmed the existence of two species at La Munición, Humboldt National Park. -
Species Diversity and Conservation Status of Amphibians in Madre De Dios, Southern Peru
Herpetological Conservation and Biology 4(1):14-29 Submitted: 18 December 2007; Accepted: 4 August 2008 SPECIES DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION STATUS OF AMPHIBIANS IN MADRE DE DIOS, SOUTHERN PERU 1,2 3 4,5 RUDOLF VON MAY , KAREN SIU-TING , JENNIFER M. JACOBS , MARGARITA MEDINA- 3 6 3,7 1 MÜLLER , GIUSEPPE GAGLIARDI , LILY O. RODRÍGUEZ , AND MAUREEN A. DONNELLY 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE-167, Miami, Florida 33199, USA 2 Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 11, Perú 4 Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, California 94132, USA 5 Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118, USA 6 Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Zoología de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Pebas 5ta cuadra, Iquitos, Perú 7 Programa de Desarrollo Rural Sostenible, Cooperación Técnica Alemana – GTZ, Calle Diecisiete 355, Lima 27, Perú ABSTRACT.—This study focuses on amphibian species diversity in the lowland Amazonian rainforest of southern Peru, and on the importance of protected and non-protected areas for maintaining amphibian assemblages in this region. We compared species lists from nine sites in the Madre de Dios region, five of which are in nationally recognized protected areas and four are outside the country’s protected area system. Los Amigos, occurring outside the protected area system, is the most species-rich locality included in our comparison. -
Etar a Área De Distribuição Geográfica De Anfíbios Na Amazônia
Universidade Federal do Amapá Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Mestrado e Doutorado UNIFAP / EMBRAPA-AP / IEPA / CI-Brasil YURI BRENO DA SILVA E SILVA COMO A EXPANSÃO DE HIDRELÉTRICAS, PERDA FLORESTAL E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS AMEAÇAM A ÁREA DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ANFÍBIOS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA MACAPÁ, AP 2017 YURI BRENO DA SILVA E SILVA COMO A EXPANSÃO DE HIDRE LÉTRICAS, PERDA FLORESTAL E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS AMEAÇAM A ÁREA DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ANFÍBIOS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBIO) da Universidade Federal do Amapá, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Biodiversidade Tropical. Orientador: Dra. Fernanda Michalski Co-Orientador: Dr. Rafael Loyola MACAPÁ, AP 2017 YURI BRENO DA SILVA E SILVA COMO A EXPANSÃO DE HIDRELÉTRICAS, PERDA FLORESTAL E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS AMEAÇAM A ÁREA DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ANFÍBIOS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA _________________________________________ Dra. Fernanda Michalski Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP) _________________________________________ Dr. Rafael Loyola Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) ____________________________________________ Alexandro Cezar Florentino Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP) ____________________________________________ Admilson Moreira Torres Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá (IEPA) Aprovada em de de , Macapá, AP, Brasil À minha família, meus amigos, meu amor e ao meu pequeno Sebastião. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a CAPES pela conceção de uma bolsa durante os dois anos de mestrado, ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio) pelo apoio logístico durante a pesquisa realizada. Obrigado aos professores do PPGBio por todo o conhecimento compartilhado. Agradeço aos Doutores, membros da banca avaliadora, pelas críticas e contribuições construtivas ao trabalho. -
A Review of Chemical Defense in Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae): Ecology, Pharmacokinetics, and Autoresistance
Chapter 21 A Review of Chemical Defense in Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae): Ecology, Pharmacokinetics, and Autoresistance Juan C. Santos , Rebecca D. Tarvin , and Lauren A. O’Connell 21.1 Introduction Chemical defense has evolved multiple times in nearly every major group of life, from snakes and insects to bacteria and plants (Mebs 2002 ). However, among land vertebrates, chemical defenses are restricted to a few monophyletic groups (i.e., clades). Most of these are amphibians and snakes, but a few rare origins (e.g., Pitohui birds) have stimulated research on acquired chemical defenses (Dumbacher et al. 1992 ). Selective pressures that lead to defense are usually associated with an organ- ism’s limited ability to escape predation or conspicuous behaviors and phenotypes that increase detectability by predators (e.g., diurnality or mating calls) (Speed and Ruxton 2005 ). Defended organisms frequently evolve warning signals to advertise their defense, a phenomenon known as aposematism (Mappes et al. 2005 ). Warning signals such as conspicuous coloration unambiguously inform predators that there will be a substantial cost if they proceed with attack or consumption of the defended prey (Mappes et al. 2005 ). However, aposematism is likely more complex than the simple pairing of signal and defense, encompassing a series of traits (i.e., the apose- matic syndrome) that alter morphology, physiology, and behavior (Mappes and J. C. Santos (*) Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Research Centre , University of British Columbia , #4200-6270 University Blvd , Vancouver , BC , Canada , V6T 1Z4 e-mail: [email protected] R. D. Tarvin University of Texas at Austin , 2415 Speedway Stop C0990 , Austin , TX 78712 , USA e-mail: [email protected] L. -
Phylogenetic Relationships and Morphology of the Pristimantis Leptolophus Species Group
Zootaxa 4243 (1): 042–074 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B4D35FB5-BC82-426C-BFCF-4EEF4D6EAFE6 Phylogenetic relationships and morphology of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephaloidea), with the recognition of a new species group in Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 GUSTAVO A. GONZÁLEZ-DURÁN1, MARIANE TARGINO2, MARCO RADA2 & TARAN GRANT2,3 1Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Laboratorio de Anfibios, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, 111321 2Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 05508-090 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We evaluate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group and describe its external morphology, osteology, and some myological characteristics. We also compare the P. leptolophus species group to other related species groups. The P. leptolophus group is not monophyletic due to the inclusion of P. acatallelus, for- merly believed to be part of the P. devillei group. The revised P. leptolophus group is composed of nine named species and six unnamed species. Based on our results, we recognize a new species group, the P. boulengeri species group, com- posed of eight species, many of which were previously assigned to the P. lacrimosus species group. Key words: Craugastoridae, myology, osteology, phylogeny, systematics, terrarana Introduction With 494 species of Neotropical, direct-developing frogs (Frost, 2016), Pristimantis Jiménez de La Espada, 1870 is the richest genus of vertebrates. -
Contact Toxicities of Anuran Skin Alkaloids Against the Fire Ant (Solenopsis Invicta)
Naturwissenschaften (2013) 100:185–192 DOI 10.1007/s00114-013-1010-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Contact toxicities of anuran skin alkaloids against the fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) Paul J. Weldon & Yasmin J. Cardoza & Robert K. Vander Meer & W. Clint Hoffmann & John W. Daly & Thomas F. Spande Received: 19 July 2012 /Revised: 4 January 2013 /Accepted: 7 January 2013 /Published online: 23 January 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg (outside the USA) 2013 Abstract Nearly 500 alkaloids, representing over 20 struc- estimated the cutaneous concentrations of several com- tural classes, have been identified from the skin of neotrop- pounds based on their reported recoveries from skin extracts ical poison frogs (Dendrobatidae). These cutaneous of free-ranging frogs and our measurements of the skin compounds, which are derived from arthropod prey of the surface areas of museum specimens. Pumiliotoxin 251D frogs, generally are believed to deter predators. We tested exhibited contact toxicity below its estimated cutaneous the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) for toxicosis concentration in the Ecuadorian frog, Epipedobates antho- following contact with 20 alkaloids (12 structural classes) nyi, an observation consistent with the hypothesized role identified from dendrobatids or other anurans. Individual of this compound in anuran chemical defense. Our results ants forced to contact the dried residues of 13 compounds and those of a previous study of mosquitoes indicate that exhibited convulsions and/or reduced ambulation. We some anuran skin compounds function defensively as contact toxins against arthropods, permeating their exoskeleton. Communicated by: Sven Thatje . John W. Daly deceased 5 March, 2008 Keywords Alkaloid Allomone Ant Defense Frog Toxicity P. -
Anura: Craugastoridae) with the Description of a New Species from Colombia
Acta Herpetologica 11(1): 31-45, 2016 DOI: 10.13128/Acta_Herpetol-16434 Molecular phylogenetics of the Pristimantis lacrimosus species group (Anura: Craugastoridae) with the description of a new species from Colombia Mauricio Rivera-Correa, Juan M. Daza* Grupo Herpetológico de Antioquia, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 # 53–108, Bloque 7–121, A.A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia. *Correspondig author. E-mail: [email protected] Submitted on 2015, 17th July; revised on 2015, 11thNovember; accepted on 2015, 16th November Editor: Adriana Bellati Abstract. The Pristimantis lacrimosus species group, with 24 species distributed in the Neotropics, is a group of arbo- real frogs commonly inhabiting bromeliads. Previous studies have claimed the group to be monophyletic but few spe- cies have been included in phylogenetic analyses. In this paper, we included five additional species from the northern Andes in Colombia and tested the monophyly of this phenetic group using genetic data under a Bayesian approach. Our results show that the P. lacrimosus group represents two distant and unrelated clades. Clade “A” is endemic to Colombia while Clade “B” encompasses species distributed in Central America, Ecuador and Peru. For the first time, we reveal the phylogenetic position of P. boulengeri and a new species is described. The new taxon is most closely related to P. brevifrons from southwestern Colombia with a genetic distance of 4.3% for 16S and 10.6% for COI. Our results suggest, one more time, that morphological similarity among species in the most diverse vertebrate genus not necessarily agree with its evolutionary history and that more effort in alpha taxonomy needs to be done in order to understand the tremendous radiation of this lineage in the Neotropics. -
3Systematics and Diversity of Extant Amphibians
Systematics and Diversity of 3 Extant Amphibians he three extant lissamphibian lineages (hereafter amples of classic systematics papers. We present widely referred to by the more common term amphibians) used common names of groups in addition to scientifi c Tare descendants of a common ancestor that lived names, noting also that herpetologists colloquially refer during (or soon after) the Late Carboniferous. Since the to most clades by their scientifi c name (e.g., ranids, am- three lineages diverged, each has evolved unique fea- bystomatids, typhlonectids). tures that defi ne the group; however, salamanders, frogs, A total of 7,303 species of amphibians are recognized and caecelians also share many traits that are evidence and new species—primarily tropical frogs and salaman- of their common ancestry. Two of the most defi nitive of ders—continue to be described. Frogs are far more di- these traits are: verse than salamanders and caecelians combined; more than 6,400 (~88%) of extant amphibian species are frogs, 1. Nearly all amphibians have complex life histories. almost 25% of which have been described in the past Most species undergo metamorphosis from an 15 years. Salamanders comprise more than 660 species, aquatic larva to a terrestrial adult, and even spe- and there are 200 species of caecilians. Amphibian diver- cies that lay terrestrial eggs require moist nest sity is not evenly distributed within families. For example, sites to prevent desiccation. Thus, regardless of more than 65% of extant salamanders are in the family the habitat of the adult, all species of amphibians Plethodontidae, and more than 50% of all frogs are in just are fundamentally tied to water. -
BOA5.1-2 Frog Biology, Taxonomy and Biodiversity
The Biology of Amphibians Agnes Scott College Mark Mandica Executive Director The Amphibian Foundation [email protected] 678 379 TOAD (8623) Phyllomedusidae: Agalychnis annae 5.1-2: Frog Biology, Taxonomy & Biodiversity Part 2, Neobatrachia Hylidae: Dendropsophus ebraccatus CLassification of Order: Anura † Triadobatrachus Ascaphidae Leiopelmatidae Bombinatoridae Alytidae (Discoglossidae) Pipidae Rhynophrynidae Scaphiopopidae Pelodytidae Megophryidae Pelobatidae Heleophrynidae Nasikabatrachidae Sooglossidae Calyptocephalellidae Myobatrachidae Alsodidae Batrachylidae Bufonidae Ceratophryidae Cycloramphidae Hemiphractidae Hylodidae Leptodactylidae Odontophrynidae Rhinodermatidae Telmatobiidae Allophrynidae Centrolenidae Hylidae Dendrobatidae Brachycephalidae Ceuthomantidae Craugastoridae Eleutherodactylidae Strabomantidae Arthroleptidae Hyperoliidae Breviceptidae Hemisotidae Microhylidae Ceratobatrachidae Conrauidae Micrixalidae Nyctibatrachidae Petropedetidae Phrynobatrachidae Ptychadenidae Ranidae Ranixalidae Dicroglossidae Pyxicephalidae Rhacophoridae Mantellidae A B † 3 † † † Actinopterygian Coelacanth, Tetrapodomorpha †Amniota *Gerobatrachus (Ray-fin Fishes) Lungfish (stem-tetrapods) (Reptiles, Mammals)Lepospondyls † (’frogomander’) Eocaecilia GymnophionaKaraurus Caudata Triadobatrachus 2 Anura Sub Orders Super Families (including Apoda Urodela Prosalirus †) 1 Archaeobatrachia A Hyloidea 2 Mesobatrachia B Ranoidea 1 Anura Salientia 3 Neobatrachia Batrachia Lissamphibia *Gerobatrachus may be the sister taxon Salientia Temnospondyls -
Species Diversity and Conservation Status Of
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons Department of Biological Sciences College of Arts, Sciences & Education 4-2009 Species Diversity and Conservation Status of Amphibians in Madre De Dios, Southern Peru Rudolf Von May Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University Karen Siu-Ting Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Jennifer M. Jacobs San Francisco State University; California Academy of Sciences Margarita Medina-Muller Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Giuseppe Gagliardi Museo de Zoología de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cas_bio Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation May, Rudolf Von; Siu-Ting, Karen; Jacobs, Jennifer M.; Medina-Muller, Margarita; Gagliardi, Giuseppe; Rodriguez, Lily O.; and Donnelly, Maureen A., "Species Diversity and Conservation Status of Amphibians in Madre De Dios, Southern Peru" (2009). Department of Biological Sciences. 164. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cas_bio/164 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts, Sciences & Education at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Department of Biological Sciences by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Rudolf Von May, Karen Siu-Ting, Jennifer M. Jacobs, Margarita Medina-Muller, Giuseppe Gagliardi, Lily O. Rodriguez, and Maureen A. Donnelly This article is available at FIU Digital Commons: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cas_bio/164 Herpetological Conservation and Biology 4(1):14-29 Submitted: 18 December 2007; Accepted: 4 August 2008 SPECIES DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION STATUS OF AMPHIBIANS IN MADRE DE DIOS, SOUTHERN PERU 1,2 3 4,5 RUDOLF VON MAY , KAREN SIU-TING , JENNIFER M.