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Workshop Proceedings Building the Notion of Heritage City in Indonesia: the Role of Local Group Communities Punto Wijayanto Heritage Preservation and Revitalization in Malang through Activities and Media Dwi Cahyono, S.E. Area Conservation Campaign: Muara Jambi Temple Mukhtar Hadi and the Padmasana Community The Fundamental Framework for Activation of Community Participation in Cultural Heritage Conservation Mizuho Ikeda Little People in Conservation: Bridging the Divide between Local and International Norms Pijika Pumketkao‐Lecourt Cross Culture and Cross Border Research and Development: From Living Angkor Road Project (LARP) to the Cultural Relationship Study of Mainland Southeast Asia Research Center (CRMA) Surat Lertlum, Im Sokrithy Cross Culture and Cross Border Education Program: From Living Angkor Road Project (LARP) to the Cultural Relationship Study of Mainland Southeast Asia Research Center (CRMA) Im Sokrithy, Surat Lertlum, Khun‐Neay Khuon Cheung Ek: Safeguarding Heritage with the Local Community and Government Phon Kaseka National and International Joint Research Projects At Koh Ker: Regulators, Non‐Regulators and Local Communities Ea Darith How to Ensure Sustainable Agricultural Development in Angkor World Heritage? Tan Boun Suy Development‐Led Archaeology in Singapore Lim Chen Sian The Challenges of World Heritage Inscription Nigel Taylor Between Positivist and Relativist Approach in Recent Community‐Owned Architectural Conservation Projects in Singapore Yeo, Kang Shua All‐Inclusive Participation for Safe‐Guarding Cultural Heritage in Myanmar Sanda Khin The Role of the Myanmar Archaeology Association (MAA): Why The 'Grassroots' Level Soe Win Naing, Naing Soe, Saw Tun Lynn Municipal Planning and Heritage: The Future of Cities in Myanmar Su Su Safeguarding Cultural Heritage Activities in Myanmar Ohnmar Myo Local Voices in Lenggong World Heritage Site, Malaysia Mohd Syahrin Abdullah The Pitfalls and Prospects of Community Heritage Engagement in Malaysian Archaeology Hsiao Mei Goh The Penang Story a Platform for Intergenerational Community Participation in Heritage Khoo Salma Nasution Archaeology Unit: Workshop Posters Texts by Aaron Kao, Michael Ng and Young Wei Ping 1 SPEAKER 1: MR PUNTO WIJAYANTO BUILDING THE NOTION OF HERITAGE CITY IN INDONESIA: THE ROLE OF LOCAL GROUP COMMUNITIES Punto Wijayanto Indonesian Heritage Trust E: [email protected] Logos of Annual Heritage Gatherings (Source: BPPI, 2016) WORKSHOP ON THE HERITAGE OF ANCIENT AND URBAN SITES: GIVING VOICE TO LOCAL PRIORITIES 14‐15 MARCH 2016 SINGAPORE Conference draft. Please consult the author when citing. 2 ABSTRACT Building the Notion of Heritage City in Indonesia: the Role of Local Group Communities Punto Wijayanto Indonesian Heritage Trust E: [email protected] Indonesia’s Heritage law is called the Law No. 5/1992 on Cultural Heritage Preservation (Benda Cagar Budaya) since 1992. It protects objects with historical, scientific and cultural value. This law was updated in the Law No. 11/2010 on Cagar Budaya. However, as government’s concerns only focus on protecting monuments, scholars, heritage organisations and local communities started to question the government’s vision on heritage conservation. In 2003, the Badan Pelestarian Pusaka Indonesia (BPPI) or Indonesian Heritage Trust, an umbrella organisation of heritage organisations published the “Indonesia Charter for Heritage Conservation”. Not only great architecture or monuments, but also the heritage of the community or “folk heritage” is a legacy that needs to be conserved. Local practices should expect to be appreciated as much as the authenticity of fabric and form of built heritage. Even so, there is still no satisfactory method of heritage conservation in Indonesia. The numbers of listed heritage items in urban area increases, but not many of them are well maintained. As decentralisation policy takes place, cultural heritage is also an issue in the management of built environment of Indonesian cities. In 2008, heritage organisations introduced an idea of heritage city (kota pusaka) management. The idea was adopted and developed in 2012 in a programme called Heritage City Management and Conservation Programme (P3KP) ‐ a collaborative programme between BPPI and the Spatial Planning Agency, from the Ministry of Public Work. This paper focuses on how heritage organisations and the government develop their conservation approach about heritage city. My observations are grounded on projects and issues related to the Heritage City Programme. Through observation of the development of Kota Pusaka, this paper intends to show how heritage organisations create a discussion arena on the value of heritage in urban development. It intends to ask what a heritage city is by discussing international norms of cultural heritage and local practices. BIODATA Punto Wijayanto (b. 1977) is a faculty member of Trisakti University, currently teaching at the Department of Architecture. He completed his undergraduate studies in architecture at the University of Gadjah Mada (2003) and obtained his Master's degree in urban and regional planning from the University of Gadjah Mada (2012). He also participated in DPEA‐MAP program organized by the School of Architecture of Paris‐Belleville (2004/2005). His research interests are urban planning and cultural heritage. In 2006 he received awards from Asian Scholarship Foundation (ASF) to conduct a research about heritage conservation in Hanoi. He is now member of Board of Directors at the Indonesian Heritage Trust (BPPI). With BPPI, he published a book "Guidelines for Managing Post‐Disaster Conservation of Heritage Buildings ‐ Case Study: Padang, West Sumatra" (2011). Since 2012 he is member of Board of Experts at a collaborative program between BPPI and the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing about conservation of heritage city (Program Penataan dan Pelestarian Kota Pusaka/P3KP). Conference draft. Please consult the author when citing. 3 CONFERENCE PAPER BUILDING THE NOTION OF HERITAGE CITY IN INDONESIA: THE ROLE OF LOCAL GROUP COMMUNITIES Punto Wijayanto Department of Architecture, Trisakti University, Jakarta E: [email protected] ABSTRACT Indonesia’s Heritage law is called the Law No. 5/1992 on Cultural Heritage Preservation (Benda Cagar Budaya) since 1992. It protects objects with historical, scientific and cultural value. This law was updated in the Law No. 11/2010 on Cagar Budaya. However, as government’s concerns only focus on protecting monuments, scholars, heritage organisations and local communities started to question the government’s vision on heritage conservation. In 2003, the Badan Pelestarian Pusaka Indonesia (BPPI) or Indonesian Heritage Trust, an umbrella organisation of heritage organisations published the “Indonesia Charter for Heritage Conservation”. Not only great architecture or monuments, but also the heritage of the community or “folk heritage” is a legacy that needs to be conserved. Local practices should expect to be appreciated as much as the authenticity of fabric and form of built heritage. Even so, there is still no satisfactory method of heritage conservation in Indonesia. The numbers of listed heritage items in urban area increases, but not many of them are well maintained. As decentralisation policy takes place, cultural heritage is also an issue in the management of built environment of Indonesian cities. In 2008, heritage organisations introduced an idea of heritage city (kota pusaka) management. The idea was adopted and developed in 2012 in a programme called Heritage City Management and Conservation Programme (P3KP) ‐ a collaborative programme between BPPI and the Spatial Planning Agency, from the Ministry of Public Work. This paper focuses on how heritage organisations and the government develop their conservation approach about heritage city. My observations are grounded on projects and issues related to the Heritage City Programme. Through observation of the development of Kota Pusaka, this paper intends to show how heritage organisations create a discussion arena on the value of heritage in urban development. It intends to ask what a heritage city is by discussing international norms of cultural heritage and local practices. 1. The Genesis of Kota Pusaka Heritage conservation is endorsed by Law No. 11/2010 on Cagar Budaya (Cultural Heritage). The law is a revised version of the Law No. 5/1992 on Benda Cagar Budaya (Cultural Property). The first legislation about the protection of cultural heritage was Monumenten Ordonnantie introduced in Conference draft. Please consult the author when citing. 4 1931 by the Dutch Government. These legislations share a similar trait: they exist to protect all objects of over fifty years old. According to the law No. 11/2010, cultural heritage includes objects, buildings, structures, sites and areas (“Benda Cagar Budaya, Bangunan Cagar Budaya, Struktur Cagar Budaya, Situs Cagar Budaya dan Kawasan Cagar Budaya”) and also cultural landscape (lansekap budaya) from various levels of significance. Local government is encouraged to register their heritage. The number of categories and the approach was modified as the previous Law only considered objects and buildings with cultural and historical value as cultural heritage. Besides that, the implementation of the old law was centralized in the hand of the Ministry of Education and Culture. Each provinces and cities/regencies also have their agency. The legislation shows little guidance on how the protection and development should
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