Durham E-Theses

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Durham E-Theses Durham E-Theses The place of the seventh Earl of Shaftesbury within the Evangelical tradition, with particular reference to his understanding of the relationship of evangelistic mission to social reform. Turnbull, Richard Duncan How to cite: Turnbull, Richard Duncan (1996) The place of the seventh Earl of Shaftesbury within the Evangelical tradition, with particular reference to his understanding of the relationship of evangelistic mission to social reform., Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1573/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Richard Duncan Turnbull The place of the seventh Earl of Shaftesbury within the Evangelical tradition, with particular reference to his understanding of the relationship of evangelistic mission to social reform. PhD 1996 Abstract This thesis is concerned with the place of the seventh Earl of Shaftesbury within the Evangelical tradition, particularly with the relationship in Shaftesbury's understanding between evangelism and socio-economic reform. Hence it includes extensive investigation of Evangelical attitudes towards economics. The thesis is intended to show that there was a significant theological foundation to the dynamic relationship in Shaftesbury's thought and action of these two aspects of his life. Chapter 1 places the biographical material on Shaftesbury and recent scholarship on Evangelicalism in context, and also introduces the setting of the Victorian age. Chapters 2 and 3 chart the development and emergence of the Evangelical tradition and Chapter 4 seeks to understand the place within Evangelicalism occupied by Shaftesbury. Chapter 5 is an investigation of the various attitudes adopted by Evangelicals to questions of economics, including economic policy. Chapter 6 introduces a discussion of paternalism in Victorian society. Chapter 7 describes Shaftesbury's views on Political Economy and paternalism. Chapter 8 considers the demand for purity made upon Evangelicalism and its implications, especially as it related to the understanding of mission and the millennium. Chapter 9 reviews Shaftesbury involvement with a range of voluntary missionary societies, including discussion of tensions over social welfare. Chapter 10 locates all this discussion in the theological context of the millennial tradition, while chapter 11 develops this theme into an analysis of mission, the millennium and social welfare, including consideration of practical examples of socio-economic disturbance. Chapter 11 also seeks to develop an alternative Evangelical eschatological framework for the improved understanding of nineteenth-century views on evangelism and social welfare. Chapter 12 brings the previous examination together with a review of Shaftesbury's theology and practice of mission. Chapter 13 charts the contraction and decline of Evangelicalism in the later nineteenth-century, with chapter 14 drawing together overall conclusions. Title The place of the seventh Earl of Shaftesbury within the Evangelical tradition, with particular reference to his understanding of the relationship of evangelistic mission to social reform. Richard Duncan Turnbull Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Durham, Department of Theology, 1996. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without the written consent of the author and information derived from it should be acknowledged. L It JUL 1997 Contents 1 Introduction 9 1.1 Shaftesbury 9 1.2 Evangelicalism 12 1.3 The Victorian Age 15 2 The emergence of Evangelicalism 17 2.1 The origins of the Evangelical tradition 17 2.2 The distinctiveness of the Evangelical tradition 18 2.3 Evangelicals and Establishment 22 2.4 The emergence of Evangelical thought 24 2.4.1 Evangelicals and the Bible 27 2.4.2 The doctrine of man 31 2.4.3 The doctrine of atonement 33 2.4.4 The doctrine of God 36 2.4.5 Ministry and Preaching 39 2.4.6 The Christian life 40 2.4.7 Church and Sacraments 41 2.4.8 The missions to the heathen 41 2.5 The marks of Evangelical identity 42 3 The development of Evangelicalism 48 3.1 Evolution in doctrine 48 3.2 National Protestantism 53 3.3 Evangelicals and the Family 54 3.4 Evangelicals and Society 56 3.5 Evangelicalism and changes in cultural thought patterns 60 4 Shaftesbury's place within Evangelicalism 66 4.1 Background and influences 66 4.2 Conversion to Evangelicalism 70 4.3 Shaftesbury and Evangelicalism 77 5 Evangelicals and Political Economy 86 5.1 The Enlightenment, natural theology and Political Economy 86 5.2 Christians and Political Economy 92 5.3 Evangelicals, economics and providence 96 5.4 Political Economy and economic policy 106 5.4.1 The Poor Laws 107 5.4.2 Factory Reform 110 5.4.3 The Corn Laws 113 3 6 Paternalism and Victorian society 120 6.1 The structure of the organic society 121 6.2 The nature of paternalism 123 6.3 The practice of paternalism 125 7 Shaftesbury, Paternalism and Political Economy 132 7.1 Rights and Duties in Society 132 7.2 Paternalism, Sin and Evangelicalism 137 7.3 Shaftesbury and Economic Policy 143 8 Mission, the Millennium and the Evangelical quest for purity 150 8.1 A change in perception 150 8.2 Election and Apostasy 153 8.3 The Apocrypha crisis in the Bible Society 157 8.4 The conflict over doctrinal tests 160 8.5 Purity and unity - implications for later developments 163 9 Shaftesbury and the missionary societies 167 9.1 The place of the voluntary society 168 9.2 Commitment and involvement 171 9.3 Aims and objectives 175 9.4 Theological principles of the societies 177 9.5 The place of social welfare in the missionary societies 182 9.6 Tensions over the place of temporal welfare 189 9.6.1 The development of the tension 189 9.6.2 Theology or social control 191 9.6.3 Shaftesbury, the LCM and the City Missionaries 193 10 Shaftesbury and the Millennial Tradition 203 10.1 History, millennialism and apocalyptic 203 10.2 Advent and the millennium 205 10.3 The Day of Judgement 210 10.4 Historicism and the Signs of the Times 212 10.5 The place of the Jews 220 10.6 The Protestant eschatological tradition 222 10.7 The breadth of the millennial tradition 226 4 11 Mission, the millennium and social welfare 234 11.1 Eschatology and the social order 234 11.2 Economic and social disturbance 239 11.2.1 Adjustments to economic theory and economic policy 239 11.2.2 The Cholera and the wrath of God 241 11.2.3 Judgement and Sin 245 11.2.4 Judgement and Mercy 248 11.3 Shaftesbury and a new eschatological framework 251 11.3.1 The anticipation of the new age 253 11.3.2 The unity of body and soul 258 11.3.3 The redemption of the creation 259 12 Shaftesbury's theology and practice of mission 265 12.1 Principles of mission 265 12.2 The Bible and Protestantism 266 12.3 Catholicity 268 12.4 Lay Agency 270 12.5 Unity of body and soul 273 12.6 Eschatology 278 13 Contraction and decline 287 14 Conclusion 293 15 Bibliography 298 5 Declaration No part of the material contained within this thesis has previously been submitted by me for any degree either in this or any other university. Material from the work of others has been acknowledged and quotations and paraphrases suitably indicated. 6 Statement of Copyright The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. 7 Abbreviations Throughout this thesis that following abbreviations are used for missionary societies: BMS Baptist Missionary Society Bible Society British and Foreign Bible Society CMS Church Missionary Society CPAS Church Pastoral Aid Society LCM London City Mission LMS London Missionary Society London Society London Society for the Promotion of Christianity among the Jews RSU Ragged School Union 8 1 Introduction 1.1 Shaftesbury In its obituary notice, The Times, described Shaftesbury' thus: In Lord Shaftesbury there has passed away the most eminent social reformer of the present century.2 Shaftesbury was 'one of the most honoured figures of our contemporary history,' 3 'the friend of the poor, the degraded, and the outcast:4 The reviews of his life and work also recognised the profound depth of his Evangelical Christianity.5 Narrow as was his theology it was of a sort to inflame his ardour in the cause of his suffering fellow-men. It tinged his efforts without contracting their scope. Nothing is more astonishing in the catalogue of his exploits than their variety and comprehensiveness. He was an accumulator of philanthropic force, prepared for pouring it out in any direction and for any benevolent object. Wherever misery was most despairing, whatever diseases of human nature were most loathsome and degrading, he ever found time and zeal to explore and to try to heal. Lord Shaftesbury fills and will fill a special place in the annals of this century.6 Shaftesbury was born on 28 April, 1801 and died on 1 October, 1885.
Recommended publications
  • M.Taylor-West India Interest and Colonial Slavery in Parliament
    1 The West India Interest and Colonial Slavery in Parliament, 1823-33 Michael Taylor Parliament, Politics, and People, 3 November Abstract: This paper considers the parliamentary fortunes of the British pro-slavery lobby – the West India Interest – between the advent of the anti-slavery campaign in early 1823 and the passage of the Slavery Abolition Act in August 1833. First, it explains the parliamentary strength of the West India Interest under the Tory ministries of the 1820s. Second, it examines the uncertainty of the first few years after Catholic Emancipation and under Earl Grey’s Whigs. Finally, it narrates the rapid and terminal decline of the parliamentary Interest as the result of Reform and the ultimate passage of the Slavery Abolition Act. In 1823, there were no political parties in Great Britain, at least not in the modern sense. Robert Jenkinson, the Earl of Liverpool, might have been the prime minister in a ‘Tory’ government, but there was no Tory Party. Indeed, Liverpool demanded only ‘a generally favourable disposition’ from his affiliated MPs and had even declared that he would ‘never attempt to interfere with the individual member’s right to vote as he may think consistent with his duty upon any particular question’. On the opposite benches were the Whigs, led by Charles, the Earl Grey, but there was no Whig Party either. Rather, the ‘Tories’ and the ‘Whigs’ were loose coalitions of politicians who shared generally similar attitudes. Put crudely, the Tories were the conservative friends of the Crown and the Church of England who glorified the memory of Pitt the Younger; the Whigs were the friends of trade, finance, and nonconformist religion, cautious advocates of parliamentary reform, and the political descendants of Pitt’s great rival, Charles James Fox.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael Ernest Sadler (1861–1943) J
    The following text was originally published in PROSPECTS: the quarterly review of comparative education (Paris, UNESCO: International Bureau of Education), vol.24, no.3/4, 1994, p. 455–69 UNESCO: International Bureau of Education, 2002 This document may be reproduced free of charge as long as acknowledgement is made of the source. MICHAEL ERNEST SADLER (1861–1943) J. H. Higginson1 Michael Ernest Sadler, born into a Radical home in 1861 at Barnsley in the industrial north of England, died in Oxford in 1943. His life spanned a rapidly changing period of European history. His thinking encapsulated three revolutions: that of France in 1789 (significantly Professor Sadler always opened his lecture course for Manchester students on this theme); Great Britain’s own Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century; and the 1917 Russian Revolution. He experienced, from the British viewpoint, three wars: that in South Africa with the Boers at the beginning of the century; the breaking up of nations in the First World War of 1914–18; and the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. He also witnessed attempts at new international structures such as the League of Nations, and the gradual transformation from colonialism and imperialism to a commonwealth of nations. From a study of the long life of this dynamic man we can detect the fusion of all these influences in shaping the thought and social ideals of Michael Sadler into coherent policies for advancement and action. In the days of his youth2 Sadler cherished his English heritage. His early youth was coloured by the fact that one of his forebears, Michael Thomas Sadler, was among the pioneers of the Factory Acts.
    [Show full text]
  • Ten Englishmen of the Nineteenth Century
    Ten Englishmen of the Nineteenth Century James Richard Joy The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ten Englishmen of the Nineteenth Century by James Richard Joy Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook. This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project Gutenberg file. Please do not remove it. Do not change or edit the header without written permission. Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file. Included is important information about your specific rights and restrictions in how the file may be used. You can also find out about how to make a donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved. **Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** **eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** *****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!***** Title: Ten Englishmen of the Nineteenth Century Author: James Richard Joy Release Date: June, 2004 [EBook #5876] [Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule] [This file was first posted on September 15, 2002] Edition: 10 Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, TEN ENGLISHMEN OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY *** This eBook was produced by Ryan Ramseyer. TEN ENGLISHMEN OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY By James Richard Joy 1902 To My Daughter Helen With Her Father's Love PREFACE The object of this work is to set forth with as much clearness as possible the more important facts in the history of England in the nineteenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Download a Pdf File of This Issue for Free
    Issue 81: John Newton: Author of “Amazing Grace” John Newton: Did You Know? Interesting and unusual facts about John Newton's life and times Newton the muse Did Newton inspire the writers of Europe's Romantic movement? Various critics have seen him as anticipating Blake's prophetic vision, or as a source for Coleridge's "Rime of the Ancient Mariner" or for episodes in Wordsworth's "Prelude." Man in the middle Even John Wesley recognized the role Newton played in forging a "center" for evangelical Christianity. He wrote to Newton, "You appear to be designed by Divine Providence for an healer of breaches, a reconciler of honest but prejudiced men, and an uniter (happy work!) of the children of God that are needlessly divided from each other." Yes, that's 216 welts When caught attempting to leave the Royal Navy, into which he had been impressed against his will, Newton was whipped 24 times with a cat-o'-nine-tails (similar to the whip in the eighteenth-century scene above). This was actually the lighter punishment for going absent without leave. He could have been hung for desertion. Those … blessed Yankees In June of 1775, after news of the first shots of the War of American Independence broke, Newton's Olney parishioners held an impromptu early-morning prayer meeting. Newton reported to Lord Dartmouth, Olney's Lord of the Manor and Secretary of State for the American Colonies, that between 150 and 200 people turned out at five o'clock in the morning. Newton spoke about the state of the nation, and for an hour the group sang and prayed together.
    [Show full text]
  • International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol 36, No. 3
    Vol. 36, No. 3 July 2012 Faith, Flags, and Identities n March 24–25, 2011, Duke Divinity School, Durham, ONorth Carolina, hosted a two-day conference focused on the somewhat cumbersome theme “Saving the World? The On Page Changing Terrain of American Protestant Missions, 1910 to the 115 Change and Continuity in American Protestant Present” (see http://isae.wheaton.edu/projects/missions). Orga- Foreign Missions nized and sponsored by Wheaton College’s Institute for the Study Edith L. Blumhofer of American Evangelicals, the conference involved nearly one hundred academ- 115 The Presbyterian Church in Canada’s Mission ics, who presented to Canada’s Native Peoples, 1900–2000 and listened to Peter Bush papers and lec- 122 Pentecostal Missions and the Changing tures exploring the Character of Global Christianity evolving nature of Heather D. Curtis American Protes- The Sister Church Phenomenon: A Case Study tant missions since 129 of the Restructuring of American Christianity the Edinburgh Against the Backdrop of Globalization World Mission- ary Conference of Janel Kragt Bakker 1910, and who dis- 136 Changes in African American Mission: cussed the nation’s Rediscovering African Roots Courtesy of Affordable Creations, http://peggymunday.blogspot.com continuing influ- Mark Ellingsen ence on Christianity globally. This issue of the journal is pleased to 138 Noteworthy feature five of the papers presented at this conference. “Americans,” the late Tony Judt observed, “have trouble 143 The Wesleys of Blessed Memory: Hagiography, with the idea that they are not the world’s most heroic warriors Missions, and the Study of World Methodism or that their soldiers have not fought harder and died braver Jason E.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Church Missionary Society", by E
    Durham E-Theses The voluntary principle in education: the contribution to English education made by the Clapham sect and its allies and the continuance of evangelical endeavour by Lord Shaftesbury Wright, W. H. How to cite: Wright, W. H. (1964) The voluntary principle in education: the contribution to English education made by the Clapham sect and its allies and the continuance of evangelical endeavour by Lord Shaftesbury, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9922/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 THE VOLUNTARY PRINCIPLE IN EDUCATION: THE CONTRIBUTION TO ENGLISH EDUCATION MADE BY THE CLAPHAil SECT AND ITS ALLIES AM) THE CONTINUAi^^CE OP EVANGELICAL EI-JDEAVOUR BY LORD SHAFTESBURY. A thesis for the degree of MoEd., by H. T7right, B.A. Table of Contents Chapter 1 The Evangelical Revival
    [Show full text]
  • Miscellaneous Writings, Vol.2 [1830]
    The Online Library of Liberty A Project Of Liberty Fund, Inc. Thomas Babington, Lord Macaulay, Miscellaneous Writings, Vol.2 [1830] The Online Library Of Liberty This E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private, non-profit, educational foundation established in 1960 to encourage study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. 2010 was the 50th anniversary year of the founding of Liberty Fund. It is part of the Online Library of Liberty web site http://oll.libertyfund.org, which was established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. To find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, to see other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF), or to make use of the hundreds of essays, educational aids, and study guides, please visit the OLL web site. This title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over 1,000 books and quotes about liberty and power, and is available free of charge upon request. The cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element in all Liberty Fund books and web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi), or “liberty.” It is taken from a clay document written about 2300 B.C. in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash, in present day Iraq. To find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project, please contact the Director at [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright © 2016 Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. All Rights Reserved. The
    Copyright © 2016 Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. THE PREACHING OF JOHN NEWTON (1725-1807): A GOSPEL-CENTRIC, PASTORAL HOMILETIC OF BIBLICAL EXPOSITION __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. May 2016 APPROVAL SHEET THE PREACHING OF JOHN NEWTON (1725-1807): A GOSPEL-CENTRIC, PASTORAL HOMILETIC OF BIBLICAL EXPOSITION Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Hershael W. York (Chair) __________________________________________ Robert A. Vogel __________________________________________ Michael A. G. Haykin Date______________________________ I dedicate this dissertation to my wife, Angela, whose faithfulness, diligence, and dedicated service to Christ and to others never cease to amaze and inspire me. “Many daughters have done nobly, but you excel them all.” (Prov 31:29) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE . vi Chapter 1. THE STUDY OF JOHN NEWTON AND HIS PREACHING . 1 Introduction . 1 Thesis . 6 Background . 7 Methodology . 8 Summary of Content . 11 2. NEWTON’S LIFE AND MINISTRY . 14 Early Years and Life at Sea . 14 Africa and Conversion . 16 Marriage and Call to Ministry . 19 Ministry in Olney and London . 25 Final Years and Death . 33 3. NEWTON’S PREACHING AND THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY . 36 An Overview of Newton’s Preaching . 36 The Eighteenth-Century Context . 54 The Pulpit in Eighteenth-Century England . 58 4.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of the Scientific Collections of the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society's Museum in the Nineteenth Century
    A History of the Scientific Collections of the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society's Museum in the Nineteenth Century: Acquiring, Interpreting & Presenting the Natural World in the English Industrial City Mark Steadman Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Philosophy, Religion and History of Science 2019 1 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. © 2019 The University of Leeds and Mark John Steadman The right of to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. 2 I ought to be thy Adam; but I am rather the fallen angel Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, 1818. 3 Acknowledgements Firstly I wish to express my gratitude to my supervisors, Dr Jon Topham and Professor Greg Radick whose judgement, experience, amity and care made the project possible and my journey both enlightening and enjoyable. I want to also express my debt of gratitude to Professor Graeme Gooday who has continued to extend to me a high level of pastoral care and intellectual support. I am exceedingly grateful for the time, experience and enthusiasm of Clare Brown (Curator of Natural Sciences at Leeds City Museum) who introduced me to the remarkable primary sources at the museum, alongside whom I would also like to thank Antonia Lovelace, Camilla Nichol, Jen Kaines from Leeds City Museum and former Curator of Natural Sciences at Leeds, Adrian Norris, for their part in the project and for making me feel at home.
    [Show full text]
  • The Unreformed Parliament 1714-1832
    THE UNREFORMED PARLIAMENT 1714-1832 General 6806. Abbatista, Guido. "Parlamento, partiti e ideologie politiche nell'Inghilterra del settecento: temi della storiografia inglese da Namier a Plumb." Societa e Storia 9, no. 33 (Luglio-Settembre 1986): 619-42. ['Parliament, parties, and political ideologies in eighteenth-century England: themes in English historiography from Namier to Plumb'.] 6807. Adell, Rebecca. "The British metrological standardization debate, 1756-1824: the importance of parliamentary sources in its reassessment." Parliamentary History 22 (2003): 165-82. 6808. Allen, John. "Constitution of Parliament." Edinburgh Review 26 (Feb.-June 1816): 338-83. [Attributed in the Wellesley Index.] 6809. Allen, Mary Barbara. "The question of right: parliamentary sovereignty and the American colonies, 1736- 1774." Ph.D., University of Kentucky, 1981. 6810. Armitage, David. "Parliament and international law in the eighteenth century." In Parliaments, nations and identities in Britain and Ireland, 1660-1850, edited by Julian Hoppit: 169-86. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003. 6811. Bagehot, Walter. "The history of the unreformed Parliament and its lessons." National Review 10 (Jan.- April 1860): 215-55. 6812. ---. The history of the unreformed Parliament, and its lessons. An essay ... reprinted from the "National Review". London: Chapman & Hall, 1860. 43p. 6813. ---. "The history of the unreformed Parliament and its lessons." In Essays on parliamentary reform: 107- 82. London: Kegan Paul, 1860. 6814. ---. "The history of the unreformed Parliament and its lessons." In The collected works of Walter Bagehot, edited by Norman St. John-Stevas. Vol. 6: 263-305. London: The Economist, 1974. 6815. Beatson, Robert. A chronological register of both Houses of the British Parliament, from the Union in 1708, to the third Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in 1807.
    [Show full text]
  • One Hundred Years
    ONE HUNDRED YEARS BEING THE SHORT HISTORY OF THE CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY "1tbou ebalt remember all tbe wa'!? wblcb tbe 1orb tb'!? Gob kb tbec." ,DET. Tiii. ! ~birlJ <$bition LONDON CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY SALISBURY SQUARE, E.C. 1899 PREFACE. HIS little book has been written for publication in advance of the complete· History of the Church Missionary Society. The greater part of it con­ sists of a very brief summary of some of the facts D given in the larger work ; and here and there sentences and paragraphs are actually reproduced from the still unpublished volumes. But part of Chapter IX., and Chapters X. and XI., have had to be written before the corresponding portions of the complete History. · To many of the most · important parts of the complete History, however, there is nothing corresponding in these pages. For the History dwells at some length upon the environment of the Society at different periods in the century, that is to say, upon the state of the Church of England at home, noticing various religious movements, developments, and controversies, and introducing such men as Bishops Blomfield and Wilberforce, Archbishops Tait and Benson, Lords Shaftesbury and Cairns, Sir Arthur Blackwood and Mr. Pennefather, Bishop Ryle and Canon Hoare. Also upon the progress of Christian Missions generally, with references to the work of men like Bishops Selwyn, Patteson, and Steere, of Morrison, Livingstone, and Hudson Taylor. Also upon public events and affairs abroad which have affected Missions, such as the Slave Trade, African Exploration, the Opium Traffic, the colonization of New Zealand, and a whole series of important events in India.
    [Show full text]
  • ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Allen, William, 1770-1843. Life of William Allen, with Selections from His Correspondence. in Three Volum
    1 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Allen, William, 1770-1843. Life of William Allen, with Selections From His Correspondence. In Three Volumes. London: Charles Gilpin, 1846-1847. Special Coll. BX7795 .A6 A3 1846 vol. 1, 2, 3 "Chiefly selected from his dairy and correspondence." - Pref. Allen, William, 1770-1843 Anstey, Roger, Christine Bolt and Seymour Drescher. Anti-Slavery, Religion and Reform. First ed. Folkestone, Kent and Hamden Connecticut: Wm. Dawson & Sons, Ltd. and Archon Books, 1980. HT 1025 .A57 1980 "The essays in this volume were first delivered at a Bellagio Conference in 1978 and have since been revised for publication. Taken together, they illuminate the whole complex relationship between anti-slavery, religion and reform in North America, Britain and parts of continental Europe." Wilberforce, William cited in the index for pg. 15, 23, 24, 25, 59, 70, 109, 120, 122, 123, 126, 129, 130, 134, 149, 152, 154, 274n 6, 277, 283, 287, 295, 297, 304, 305, 310, 320, 346 Slaves - Emancipation - Congresses Abolitionists - Congresses Wilberforce, William, 1759-1833 Ayling, Stanley Edward. Edmund Burke; His Life and Opinions. First American ed. London: John Murray Publisher, 1988; reprint, New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 1988. DA 506 .B9 A95 1988 Burke's massive correspondence reveals a man intimately and tirelessly engaged, not only with great issues of the day, but also with the details of countless minor matters and ephemeral controversies public and personal. But in the major concerns of the day he rarely failed to penetrate beneath the surface of events to the foundations of principle below William Wilberforce cited on pg.
    [Show full text]