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City of Chesapeake Hazard Mitigation Plan

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City of Chesapeake Hazard Mitigation Plan CITY OF CHESAPEAKE ALL HAZARDS MITIGATION PLAN 2008­2013 CITY OF CHESAPEAKE ALL HAZARDS MITIGATION PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION SECTION I – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SECTION II – INTRODUCTION SECTION III – PLANNING PROCESS SECTION IV – ACCOMPLISHMENTS SECTION V – COMMUNITY PROFILE SECTION VI – RISK ASSESSMENT SECTION VII – CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT SECTION VIII – MITIGATION STRATEGY SECTION IX – PLAN MAINTENACNE PROCEDURES SECTION X ­ APPENDICES SECTION 1 Executive Summary City of Chesapeake Hazard Mitigation Plan SECTION I — EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The City of Chesapeake is vulnerable to many types of natural hazards — including hurricanes, nor’easters, floods, tornadoes, winter storms, earthquakes and wildfires — and has experienced the effects of each of these at some point in its history. The City of Chesapeake is also susceptible to various man­made hazards. As of January 2007, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) designated the City as having a high threat of terrorism by including Chesapeake in the Hampton Roads Urban Areas Security Initiative. Now that Chesapeake is considered one of the few Tier II UASI communities in the nation, there is a need to include man­made mitigation efforts in this update of the City’s Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan. For the most part, the man­made portion of the mitigation plan will be incorporated into this document when possible. However, as the issues surrounding man­made hazards are sensitive and somewhat divergent from natural hazards, the man­made section will stand alone as an Appendix. For the most part, the last 50 years have been relatively quiet in terms of natural disasters throughout southeastern Virginia. However, the last few decades of exponential growth within the City of Chesapeake has placed more development than ever in harm’s way, increasing the potential for severe economic and social consequences if a major disaster or other catastrophic event were to occur today. Such an event could have the potential to cost the city’s government, residents, and businesses millions of dollars in damages to public buildings and infrastructure, lost tax revenues, unemployment, homelessness, and emotional and physical suffering for many years to come. The original Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan was prepared for the City of Chesapeake in 2002 and was in accordance with the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. A Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) approved mitigation plan helps the city to: • Better understand local hazards and risks; • Build support for mitigation activities; • Develop more effective community hazard­reduction policies and integrate mitigation concepts into other community processes; • Incorporate mitigation into post­disaster recovery activities; and • Obtain disaster­related grants in the aftermath of a disaster. Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment A Hazard Vulnerability Assessment (HVA) was completed for the City of Chesapeake in 2002. Information from that study was used in the original Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan. The prioritization of the hazards to the City of Chesapeake was based on the probability that a hazard would affect the city and its impacts to the city should a SECTION I – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page 1 City of Chesapeake Hazard Mitigation Plan disaster strike. Values were assigned to each hazard type, based on the hazard’s highest potential hazard level. These hazard level categories represent the likelihood of a hazard event, which could significantly affect the city. These categories are based on the classifications used in the city’s original Hazard Vulnerability Assessment document and are High, Medium­High, Medium, and Low. In order to focus on the most significant hazards; only those assigned a level of highly likely or critical have been included for analysis in the risk assessment. Other hazards will be evaluated on a more qualitative basis for a more general view. This prioritization is based on historic probability of impact and will be reflected as such in the mitigation activities outlined in this plan. Figure 1.1 summarizes the results of this analysis, which is explained more fully in Section VI of this plan. A detailed Hazard Analysis Worksheet can be found in Appendix A. FIGURE 1.1 – HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RESULTS HAZARD TYPE HAZARD LEVEL Flood High Wind Events (Tornado, Nor’easter, Hurricane) High Drought Medium­High Winter Storms Medium Wildfire Medium Since flooding and wind events have the highest hazard level as determined and evaluated by the NEMAC they will received a quantitative analysis for vulnerability. Drought, Wildfire, and winter storms will be analyzed on a descriptive basis. Since most of the damages and loss to the city are from flooding and wind events, this will highlight the biggest priorities for mitigation actions. The Mitigation Strategy During the presentation of findings for the hazard identification and risk assessment workshop, the original Mitigation Advisory Committee (MAC) was asked to provide comments and suggestions on actions and policies, which could lessen the city’s vulnerability to the identified hazards. The following overarching community goal and six specific goals were developed by the MAC to guide the city’s future hazard mitigation activities. SECTION I – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page 2 City of Chesapeake Hazard Mitigation Plan OVERARCHING COMMUNITY GOAL: “To develop and maintain a disaster resistant community that is less vulnerable to the economic and physical devastation associated with natural hazard events.” GOAL 1: Enhance the safety of residents and businesses by protecting new and existing development from the effects of hazards. GOAL 2: Protect new and existing public and private infrastructure and facilities from the effects of hazards. GOAL 3: Increase the city’s floodplain management activities and participation in the National Flood Insurance Program. GOAL 4: Ensure hazard awareness and risk reduction principles are institutionalized into the city’s daily activities, processes, and functions by incorporating it into policy documents and initiatives. GOAL 5: Enhance community­wide understanding and awareness of community hazards. GOAL 6: Publicize mitigation activities to reduce the city’s vulnerability to the identified hazards. Mitigation Strategies, for each of these goals are laid out with an implementation strategy and timeframes in Section VIII of this plan. While these goals were originally developed for the original mitigation plan, they are still applicable today. After much discussion during this revision, these goals remain unchanged for the new updated plan. 2007 Natural Event Mitigation Plan Update The original plan was adopted by City Council one month before Hurricane Isabel affected the City of Chesapeake in 2003. Hurricane Isabel was the first event to affect Chesapeake since the back­to­back storms of Floyd, Dennis and Irene in 1999, and the creation of the Office of Emergency Management. Therefore, mitigation was in the thoughts of many city officials during and after that event. The City’s commitment to disaster resistance was underlined by the implementation of so many of the strategies in the original plan. The Natural Event Mitigation Advisory Committee (NEMAC) teamed with the Chesapeake Office of Emergency Management to complete the first update to the Natural Event Mitigation Plan in early 2007. NEMAC continues to support the goals set SECTION I – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page 3 City of Chesapeake Hazard Mitigation Plan forth in the original plan. A complete risk analysis was performed and incorporated both growth of the City since 2002 and also the many policy changes since the original plan was adopted. The plan update process took approximately two years. Conclusion In 2003, the City of Chesapeake was the first community in the Commonwealth of Virginia to adopt a local hazard mitigation plan. The plan revision continues to symbolize the City of Chesapeake’s commitment and dedication to the enhancement of the safety of its residents and businesses by taking action before a disaster strikes. While the city cannot prevent natural hazard events from occurring, it can minimize the disruption and devastation that so often accompanies these disasters. The City of Chesapeake continues toward its goal to become a Disaster Resistant Community. SECTION I – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page 4 SECTION 2 Introduction City of Chesapeake Hazard Mitigation Plan SECTION II — INTRODUCTION Mitigation Mitigation is commonly defined as sustained actions taken to reduce or eliminate long­term risk to people and property from hazards and their effects. Hazard mitigation focuses attention and resources on community policies and actions that will produce successive benefits over time. A mitigation plan states the aspirations and specific courses of action a community intends to follow to reduce vulnerability and exposure to future hazard events. These plans are formulated through a systematic process centered on the participation of citizens, businesses, public officials and other community stakeholders. A local mitigation plan is the physical representation of a jurisdiction’s commitment to reduce risks from natural hazards. Local officials can refer to the plan in their day­to­day activities and decisions regarding regulations and ordinances, granting permits, and in funding capital improvements and other community initiatives. Additionally, these local plans will serve as the basis for states to prioritize future grant funding as it becomes available. It is hoped that the City’s
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