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A Review of Media Coverage of Climate Change and Global Warming in 2020 Special Issue 2020 A REVIEW OF MEDIA COVERAGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING IN 2020 SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 MeCCO monitors 120 sources (across newspapers, radio and TV) in 54 countries in seven different regions around the world. MeCCO assembles the data by accessing archives through the Lexis Nexis, Proquest and Factiva databases via the University of Colorado libraries. Media and Climate Change Observatory, University of Colorado Boulder http://mecco.colorado.edu Media and Climate Change Observatory, University of Colorado Boulder 1 MeCCO SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 A Review of Media Coverage of Climate Change and Global Warming in 2020 At the global level, 2020 media attention dropped 23% from 2019. Nonetheless, this level of coverage was still up 34% compared to 2018, 41% higher than 2017, 38% higher than 2016 and still 24% up from 2015. In fact, 2020 ranks second in terms of the amount of coverage of climate change or global warming (behind 2019) since our monitoring began 17 years ago in 2004. Canadian print media coverage – The Toronto Star, National Post and Globe and Mail – and United Kingdom (UK) print media coverage – The Daily Mail & Mail on Sunday, The Guardian & Observer, The Sun & Sunday Sun, The Telegraph & Sunday Telegraph, The Daily Mirror & Sunday Mirror, and The Times & Sunday Times – reached all-time highs in 2020. has been As the year 2020 has drawn to a close, new another vocabularies have pervaded the centers of critical year our consciousness: ‘flattening the curve’, in which systemic racism, ‘pods’, hydroxycholoroquine, 2020climate change and global warming fought ‘social distancing’, quarantines, ‘remote for media attention amid competing interests learning’, essential and front-line workers, in other stories, events and issues around the ‘superspreaders’, P.P.E., ‘doomscrolling’, and globe. Yet, climate change and global warming Zoom. This past year has been one like no other, garnered coverage through stories manifesting where members of the Media and Climate through primary and often intersecting, Change Observatory (MeCCO) team – like many political, economic, scientific, cultural as well as others around the world – have lost family to ecological and meteorological themes. COVID-19. NORTH AMERICA = 20 EUROPE = 34 Canada: The Globe & Mail, National Post, England: The Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday, The Guardian and The Toronto Star, The Canadian Press The Observer, The Telegraph and Telegraph on Sunday, United States: Los Angeles Times, The New The Daily Mirror and Sunday Mirror, The Times and The Sunday York Times, USA Today, The Wall Street Journal, Times, The Sun and The Sunday Sun, BBC The Washington Post, The Associated Press, France: Le Monde, Le Figaro, RFI English, Agence France Presse United Press International, American Public Denmark: Jyllandsposten, Politiken, Berlingske Tidende Media, National Public Radio, ABC News, CBS Germany: Süddeutsche Zeitung, Die Tageszeitung News, CNN, FOX News, MSNBC, NBC News, PBS Ireland: The Irish Times Italy: La Repubblica, Corriere della Sera Norway: Aftenposten, Dagbladet, VG Portugal: Correio da Manhã Russia: Izvestiya, Rossiskaya Gazeta, Nezavisimaya Gazeta, Komsomolskaya Pravda Spain: El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia, Expansión Sweden: Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Expressen ASIA = 25 Bangladesh: The New Nation China: South China Morning Post India: The Hindu, Hindustan Times, The Indian Express, The Times of India Indonesia: Jakarta Post Japan: Asahi Shimbun, Japan News, LATIN AMERICA = 15 Mainichi Shimbun, Yomiuri Shimbun Argentina: La Nación, Clarín Malaysia: New Straits Times, The Malaysian Reserve Bolivia: La Razón Pakistan: The Nation, Dawn Brazil: O´Globo, Folha de S.Paulo MIDDLE Philippines: Manila Bulletin, The Philippine Daily Inquirer Singapore: The Straits Times, Today Chile: El Mercurio EAST = 4 El Tiempo, El Espectador South Korea: The Korea Times Colombia: Bahrain: Gulf Daily News La Nación Sri Lanka: The Daily Mirror, The Daily News Costa Rica: AFRICA= 14 Israel: The Jerusalem Post El Comercio Thailand: Bangkok Post, The Nation Ecuador: Burkina Faso: L’Observateur Paalga Jordan: Radio Balad El Universal, Reforma Vietnam: The Saigon Times México: Congo: La Potentiel Lebanon: The Daily Star Perú: El Comercio Kenya: Daily Nation Uruguay: El País, La República Morocco: La Nouvelle Tribune Namibia: New Era OCEANIA = 8 Nigeria: Daily Trust, Vanguard Australia: The Age, The Australian, The Rwanda: The New Times Courier Mail, The Daily Telegraph & Sunday Senegal: Sud Quotidien Telegraph, The Sydney Morning Herald South Africa: Business Day New Zealand: The Dominion Post, The Tanzania: The Citizen New Zealand Herald, The Press Zambia: The Times of Zambia Zimbabwe: The Herald, SW Radio Africa Figure 1. Map of the 120 media sources we monitor for coverage of climate change or global warming across seven different regions around the world. Media and Climate Change Observatory, University of Colorado Boulder 2 MeCCO SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 A Review of Media Coverage of Climate Change and Global Warming in 2020 In 2020, January was the high water mark for global coverage of climate change or global warming among the sources tracked by our MeCCO team, followed by February and November. Figure 2. Media coverage of climate change or global warming in seven different regions around the world, from January 2020 through December 2020. Climate change – while at times competing for humans’ role in them. Moreover, many cultural media attention – nonetheless did not disappear stories relating to climate change punctuated from public conversations in 2020. From Arctic the year 2020, from Greta Thunberg and Fridays and Antarctic ice loss to Zimbabwe locusts, for Future demonstrations (adapted) as well as reports connecting these dots with a changing ongoing pipeline protests, Guardian style-guide climate drove media coverage. These were changes and Covering Climate Now initiatives. interwoven with stories of Australian and North American wildfires, floods in Bhutan, Bangladesh, Throughout 2020, we continued to monitor Nepal, Sri Lanka and the UK, rainforest retreat media coverage of climate change or global in Congo and Russian heatwaves. Further warming in 11 languages (English, Spanish, ecological and meteorological accounts linking French, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Russian, to climate change included cyclones Nivar and Swedish, Danish, German and Portuguese) Amphan, tropical storms Nangka and Saudel, across 54 countries and 120 sources (TV, radio typhoons Molave and Goni and hurricanes Nana, and newspapers) in seven regions on planet Eta and Iota. Political and economic-themed Earth (Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, Middle stories in 2020 included decarbonization East, North America and Oceania). and renewables growth, as well as corporate pledges for emissions reductions and BlackRock At the global level, 2020 media attention divestment plans. Further stories included the dropped 23% from 2019. Nonetheless, this level US Trump Administration regulatory rollbacks of coverage was still up 34% compared to 2018, and climate policy (in)action as well as the 41% higher than 2017, 38% higher than 2016 consequential November 2020 US Presidential and still 24% up from 2015. In fact, 2020 ranks election. Many scientific-themed stories second in terms of the amount of coverage of throughout the year included record-breaking climate change or global warming (behind global temperatures and new understanding 2019) since our monitoring began 17 years ago of intersectional climate challenges (e.g. links in 2004. between COVID-19 and climate change) and Media and Climate Change Observatory, University of Colorado Boulder 3 MeCCO SPECIAL ISSUE 2020 A Review of Media Coverage of Climate Change and Global Warming in 2020 Figure 3. Media coverage of climate change or global warming month to month in The Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, USA Today, The Washington Post, and The Wall Street Journal in the US from January 2000 through December 2020. In 2020, January was the high water mark for • in August, MeCCO team members Lars Kjerfulf global coverage of climate change or global Petersen and Anne Gammelgaard Ballantyne warming among the sources tracked by our began monitoring Danish print media MeCCO team, followed by February and coverage of climate change in Jyllandsposten, Politiken, and Berlingske Tidende November (see Figure 2). We also expanded our monitoring in nine Of note, Canadian print media coverage – The languages, to now monitoring media coverage Toronto Star, National Post and Globe and Mail – of climate change or global warming in 11 and United Kingdom (UK) print media coverage – languages: The Daily Mail & Mail on Sunday, The Guardian & • Danish: ‘klimaforandringer’ or ‘global opvarmning’ Observer, The Sun & Sunday Sun, The Telegraph • English: ‘climate change’ or ‘global warming’ & Sunday Telegraph, The Daily Mirror & Sunday • French: ‘changement climatique’ or ‘réchauement climatique’ • German: ‘klimawandel’ or ‘globale erwärmung’ Mirror, and The Times & Sunday Times – reached • Italian: ‘cambiamenti climatici’ or ‘riscaldamento globale’ all-time highs in 2020. • Japanese: ‘温暖化’ or ‘気候変動’ • Norwegian: ‘global oppvarming’ or ‘klimaendring’ In 2020, we at MeCCO introduced expanded • Portuguese: ‘mudanças climáticas’ or ‘aquecimento global’ media monitoring of climate change or global • Russian: ‘изменение климата’ or ‘глобальное потепление’ • Spanish: ‘cambio climático’ or ‘calentamiento global’ warming around the world. • Swedish: ‘global uppvärmning’ or ‘klimatförändring’
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