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Chapter VI the Strategic Stalemate from End of August to Mid-October 1812
Chapter VI The Strategic Stalemate from End of August to mid-October 1812 “The Daily Life” ollowing wounds received on For his part, Wittgenstein was August 17th, Oudinot was also forced to inaction because of the F evacuated to Vilna and it was weakness of its Corps. It can be Gouvion St. Cyr who took command estimated that the Russian general the next day and won the battle. For had under his command, on the his victory on the 18th, he was evening of August 18, barely 12,000 appointed Marshal of the Empire by infantrymen, 2,200 horsemen and decree of August 27th, 1812. General 1,400 artillerymen. Because of the Maison, will be appointed general de weakness of his battalions, he will division on August 21st and will take have to reorganize them. For example, the head of the 8th infantry division. on August 25th, the six depot After the relatively shallow battalions of Grenadiers were merged attempt to pursue the Russians and into three battalions (Leib and the fighting of August 23rd, where the Arakseiev together, St Petersburg and Bavarian general Siebein was mortally Tauride, Pavlov and Ekaterinoslav). wounded, St. Cyr will remain quite The forces of Wittgenstein will inactive, concentrating his two corps increase quite regularly until the of army on Polotsk and its vicinity. His beginning of October: thanks to the forces declining steadily, he will return of the wounded, first; the strengthen (but with delay) his arrival of men from the depot of the positions by building some redoubts, regiments belonging to the 1st Corps, trying to form a sort of entrenched afterwards; and also because of the camp in front of the walls of Polotsk. -
Jewish Survival in Budapest, March 1944 – February 1945
DECISIONS AMID CHAOS: JEWISH SURVIVAL IN BUDAPEST, MARCH 1944 – FEBRUARY 1945 Allison Somogyi A thesis submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2014 Approved by: Christopher Browning Chad Bryant Konrad Jarausch © 2014 Allison Somogyi ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Allison Somogyi: Decisions amid Chaos: Jewish Survival in Budapest, March 1944 – February 1945 (Under the direction of Chad Bryant) “The Jews of Budapest are completely apathetic and do virtually nothing to save themselves,” Raoul Wallenberg stated bluntly in a dispatch written in July 1944. This simply was not the case. In fact, Jewish survival in World War II Budapest is a story of agency. A combination of knowledge, flexibility, and leverage, facilitated by the chaotic violence that characterized Budapest under Nazi occupation, helped to create an atmosphere in which survival tactics were common and widespread. This unique opportunity for agency helps to explain why approximately 58 percent of Budapest’s 200,000 Jews survived the war while the total survival rate for Hungarian Jews was only 26 percent. Although unique, the experience of Jews within Budapest’s city limits is not atypical and suggests that, when fortuitous circumstances provided opportunities for resistance, European Jews made informed decisions and employed everyday survival tactics that often made the difference between life and death. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank everybody who helped me and supported me while writing and researching this thesis. First and foremost I must acknowledge the immense support, guidance, advice, and feedback given to me by my advisor, Dr. -
La Bataille De Leipzig Scénarios
La Bataille de Leipzig Scénarios Pour le Règlement de l’An XXX et Le Règlement des Marie-Louise 2 La Bataille de Leipzig December 19, 2013 • French Victory: Hold all hexes of Güldengossa, the Auenhain Farm, Markkleeberg, Dölitz and Connewitz, one hex each of All rules herein take precedence over any rules in the series rules, Gross Pössna and Seifertshain, and place Meerveldt’s II Corps which they may contradict. on Morale Level Three by the end of the scenario. Rules marked with an eagle or are shaded with a gray • French Tactical Victory: Hold one hex of Güldengossa, the background apply only to players using the Règlements de Auenhain Farm, all hexes of Markkleeberg, Dölitz, and l’An XXX. Connewitz and place Klenau’s IV Corps and Meerveldt’s II Corps on Morale Level Two by the end of the scenario. NOTE: All references to Artillery Ammunition Wagons (AAWs), Ammunition Supply, Artillery Ricochet, Cavalry Skirmishers and • Draw: Any result that is not a victory for either side. Grand Charges apply only to players using the Règlements de l’An XXX. • Coalition Tactical Victory: Hold all hexes of Güldengossa, the Manor House at Dölitz and place Lauriston’s V Corps on Morale Level Two by the end of the scenario. 1.0 INTRODUCTION La Batallie de Leipzig is a game of one day, the 16th, of the battle • Coalition Victory: Hold all hexes of Markkleeberg, that took place from October 14-19. Güldengossa, the Auenhain Farm, Gross Pössna, the Manor House at Dölitz and Dölitz or Connewitz by the end of the scenario. -
November 2009
A advertising supplement to the Fort Carson Mountaineer, Peterson Space Observer, USAFA Academy Spirit and the Schriever AFB Schriever Sentinel November 2009 Thanksgiving Salute Published by 2 November 2009 T HANKSGIVING S ALUTE www.csmng.com Benefit the Troops During the Holiday Season PRNewswire — Carol Herrick may have re- food baskets to military families that could Those wishing to contribute or to volunteer Operation Homefront leads more than 4,500 cently joined Operation Homefront use a little extra support this year,” Herrick their time, or who know of military families volunteers in 30 chapters nationwide, and Oklahoma as its chapter president, but she’s said. “For Christmas, we are planning some that would benefit from this program may has met more than 105,000 needs since 2002. wasting no time in digging in and setting up wonderful surprises for our military fami- contact Carol Herrick at (580) 583-7262, or Operation Homefront is a four-star rated shop. Long involved in helping area military lies and wounded warriors in the area. via e-mail at carol.herrick@operationhome- charity by watchdog Charity Navigator. families, one of the first things Herrick did in Anything we can do to add a little cheer this front.net. Nationally, $.92 of every dollar donated to her new job was to announce the kickoff of time of year will make a big difference to our About Operation Homefront Oklahoma Operation Homefront goes to programs. For the chapter’s holiday programs, which serve military families,” she concluded. Operation Homefront provides emergency more information about Operation junior enlisted troops, their families and The chapter is seeking financial donations assistance for our troops, the families they Homefront Oklahoma, please visit www.op- wounded warriors who have returned home. -
Operation Market Garden WWII
Operation Market Garden WWII Operation Market Garden (17–25 September 1944) was an Allied military operation, fought in the Netherlands and Germany in the Second World War. It was the largest airborne operation up to that time. The operation plan's strategic context required the seizure of bridges across the Maas (Meuse River) and two arms of the Rhine (the Waal and the Lower Rhine) as well as several smaller canals and tributaries. Crossing the Lower Rhine would allow the Allies to outflank the Siegfried Line and encircle the Ruhr, Germany's industrial heartland. It made large-scale use of airborne forces, whose tactical objectives were to secure a series of bridges over the main rivers of the German- occupied Netherlands and allow a rapid advance by armored units into Northern Germany. Initially, the operation was marginally successful and several bridges between Eindhoven and Nijmegen were captured. However, Gen. Horrocks XXX Corps ground force's advance was delayed by the demolition of a bridge over the Wilhelmina Canal, as well as an extremely overstretched supply line, at Son, delaying the capture of the main road bridge over the Meuse until 20 September. At Arnhem, the British 1st Airborne Division encountered far stronger resistance than anticipated. In the ensuing battle, only a small force managed to hold one end of the Arnhem road bridge and after the ground forces failed to relieve them, they were overrun on 21 September. The rest of the division, trapped in a small pocket west of the bridge, had to be evacuated on 25 September. The Allies had failed to cross the Rhine in sufficient force and the river remained a barrier to their advance until the offensives at Remagen, Oppenheim, Rees and Wesel in March 1945. -
True20 Adventure Roleplaying Trademark License FAQ
True20 Adventure Roleplaying Trademark License FAQ Q: Do I have to submit my products for approval? A: No, you do not. We've tried to make the license easy to use. If you just follow the terms, you shouldn't have any problems. Q: Can I use this license for electronic products other than PDFs, like character generators? A: No, this license is only for the publication of printed books and PDF products. Any other sort of products must be licensed from Green Ronin on an individual basis. Q: Why can't I put True20 or True in the title? A: Green Ronin has established a naming pattern in its previous True20 books and we'd like that pattern to remain unique to official releases. Q: When can I start publishing using this license? A: Any time after May 12, 2008. Q: Can I use this license to do product in other languages? A: Yes, you can. The only additional limitation is that you must follow the terminology used in the appropriate True20 corebook if it exists in the language you're going to use. For example, Wyrd Edizione publishes True20 in Italy. If you want to do Italian language True20 material, you must follow the translation standards of Wyrd's version of the core rulebook. This is to ensure that terminology remains consistent in each language. Q: What should the Section 15 of the Open Game License in my product include? A: For starters it must include the entirety of the Section 15 from the Revised Edition of True20 Adventure Roleplaying. -
Defence and Security After Brexit Understanding the Possible Implications of the UK’S Decision to Leave the EU Compendium Report
Defence and security after Brexit Understanding the possible implications of the UK’s decision to leave the EU Compendium report James Black, Alex Hall, Kate Cox, Marta Kepe, Erik Silfversten For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1786 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif., and Cambridge, UK © Copyright 2017 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: HMS Vanguard (MoD/Crown copyright 2014); Royal Air Force Eurofighter Typhoon FGR4, A Chinook Helicopter of 18 Squadron, HMS Defender (MoD/Crown copyright 2016); Cyber Security at MoD (Crown copyright); Brexit (donfiore/fotolia); Heavily armed Police in London (davidf/iStock) RAND Europe is a not-for-profit organisation whose mission is to help improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org www.rand.org/randeurope Defence and security after Brexit Preface This RAND study examines the potential defence and security implications of the United Kingdom’s (UK) decision to leave the European Union (‘Brexit’). -
The Search for the "Manchurian Candidate" the Cia and Mind Control
THE SEARCH FOR THE "MANCHURIAN CANDIDATE" THE CIA AND MIND CONTROL John Marks Allen Lane Allen Lane Penguin Books Ltd 17 Grosvenor Gardens London SW1 OBD First published in the U.S.A. by Times Books, a division of Quadrangle/The New York Times Book Co., Inc., and simultaneously in Canada by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Ltd, 1979 First published in Great Britain by Allen Lane 1979 Copyright <£> John Marks, 1979 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner ISBN 07139 12790 jj Printed in Great Britain by f Thomson Litho Ltd, East Kilbride, Scotland J For Barbara and Daniel AUTHOR'S NOTE This book has grown out of the 16,000 pages of documents that the CIA released to me under the Freedom of Information Act. Without these documents, the best investigative reporting in the world could not have produced a book, and the secrets of CIA mind-control work would have remained buried forever, as the men who knew them had always intended. From the documentary base, I was able to expand my knowledge through interviews and readings in the behavioral sciences. Neverthe- less, the final result is not the whole story of the CIA's attack on the mind. Only a few insiders could have written that, and they choose to remain silent. I have done the best I can to make the book as accurate as possible, but I have been hampered by the refusal of most of the principal characters to be interviewed and by the CIA's destruction in 1973 of many of the key docu- ments. -
Modern Dispatch 129: the Ice Palace
THE MODERN DISPATCH THE ICE PALACE - DER EIS PALAST BY MIKE LAFFERTY In a secret fortress buried in the Antarctic ice… An army of clones is rapidly developing in a Nazi lab - ready to take up the banner of the Third Nazi mad scientists are devising superweapons that Reich will give their side an insurmountable advantage Can your heroes stop them in time? An armored mastermind is hatching a strategy that #129 will land a knockout blow against the Allies CONTENT MANAGERs: CHARLES RICE AND CHRIS DAVIS LAYOUT: CHRIS DAVIS PROOFREADING: CHRIS DAVIS WWW.RPGOBJECTS.COM Modern20 Charles Rice’s next evolution in modern d20 gaming! Modern Mayhem and Mystery to the 20th Power! The Ice Palace - Der Eis Palast PAGE 1 THE MODERN DISPATCH INTRODUCTION AND The PCs receive the following information from a Until they uncovered this tattered and stained contact with the Allied High Command: map in the papers of a captured spy in Oslo and PREMISE intercepted some disturbing radio transmissions • Allied Command has become aware of the Fourth in the South Atlantic. This scenario is intended for Supers20 characters Reich - a secret organization within the Nazi running a Four Color campaign (Power Level around infrastructure that is lead by the armored Nazi • Based on current intelligence, the working 10) in the late World War 2 era. It would be very easy supersoldier Nachtjäger. theory is that the Fourth Reich organization to incorporate (either as PCs or NPCs) the characters – and possibly a number of Axis metahumans from the Allied superteams Crown Guard (Modern • The Fourth Reich - according to rumors - had – have withdrawn to an operational base on the Dispatch 124) and Vigilance Force (Modern Dispatch a contingency plan (and a massive black ops northern coast of Antarctic in the area where Nazi 126), or the Axis superteams Eugenics Brigade budget) in place in the event that the Germans Germany made a territorial claim in 1939 (New (Modern Dispatch 123) and Shinjuwan Juunigatsu lost the war in Europe. -
Batfle of NATIONS Napoleon in Amber , by Paul G
11 AFTER ACTION REPORT: BATfLE OF NATIONS Napoleon in Amber , by Paul G. Dangel Readers who Iw'ole Ihc Battlc of Nations Folio grew in increasing numbers as the untried Napoleon march back and forth between game may wish to brealc ;t out at Ihis point conscripts learned the ri gors of warfare. Blucher and Schwarzenberg, both of whom and follow along with Mr. Dangel's account Many of them had been drawn from retired alternatively attacked and retreated in of Ihc historical aCliOIl in terms of the game. veterans who were medically unfit, and response to Napolcon's moves. The French One thing that may become apparent by olhers were no more than children. These Emperor was constantly olf balance and doing so is the dIfficulty 0/ simulating the troops proved very reliable in battle, but they unable to generate any real offensh'e action hesitancy and lact of communicatiOn On the were not up to the long marches with few of his own. Finally. in September, he sent pur1 0/ th e various commanders and units. supplies. Fatigue also look a heavy toll on the Marshals Ney and Oudinot nonh to take Perhaps. if one took several smfters of French units. It was because of these factors Berlin and defeat Bernadotte's Army of the Napoleon brtmdy In/ore playing the gllme that Napoleon decided to accept the Allied Nonh. By September 6 the operatit)n was next 'ime... -RAS armSlice. bungled and Napoleon set out with the rest of the Grand Army to help. Leaving southern The armstice ended on August 12, after The four day battle of Leipzig was Saxony enabled the French to fight on a Austria and Sweden joined the Allied camp. -
Living History Passing the Torch of Liberty on to Future Generations Quarterly Newsletter—Vol
LIVING HISTORY PASSING THE TORCH OF LIBERTY ON TO FUTURE GENERATIONS QUARTERLY NEWSLETTER—VOL. 6 NO. 4 AUGUST 2021 In Memory of David Hayward, Editor-in-Chief (2016-2021) Voices of veterans who have served their country in World War II, Korea, Vietnam, the Cold War, 1st Gulf War, Iraq and Afghanistan THE GREATEST GENERATION and China from invasion from the enemy Axis powers and the Japanese Empire. Had they The last, proud heroes of the Second World War are passing and their comrades failed, east Asia would before our eyes, a solemn, historic moment in time. Jack have fallen, strengthening the hand of Linscott, U.S. Navy, left us in December, followed in Germany dictator Adolf Hitler and his vicious requiem procession by David Hayward, U.S. Army Air Nazis. As fortunately resulted, the forces of Forces, in March, and by Fred Whitaker, U.S. Army, in good and Democracy prevailed and Fascism June. was defeated. Our membership still boasts a few remaining heroes Those were distant times—seventy-six from that great and terrible global war, but the line is sadly long years ago. The world has changed thinning to its last, final threads, and one day, we will have dramatically since then. Japan and Germany but memories of that conflict and a rich legacy that hopeful- are mature democracies by now. Euro- ly will endure through the second and subsequent genera- Communism has come and gone. tions. The Second World War and its brave soldiers, airmen The men and women of the United States and seamen must not be forgotten and their lessons cannot military who won the Second World War came be lost. -
H-Diplo | ISSF Review Essay 51
H-Diplo | ISSF Review Essay 51 Alexander Watson. The Fortress: The Great Siege of Przemyśl. London: Allen Lane, 2019. ISBN: 9780241309063 (hardback, £25.00); 9780141986333 (paperback, October 2020, £10.99). Essay by Nicholas Mulder, Cornell University Published 2 April 2020 | issforum.org Editor: Diane Labrosse Production Editor: George Fujii https://issforum.org/essays/51-przemysl he centenary of World War I has been a significant stimulus to new research about that conflict. Like any historical era, the meaning and consequences of the war have been reinterpreted in light of our own twenty-first T century concerns. The perception that in recent years the world has witnessed a ‘return to geopolitics,’ ending the relative calm of the post-Cold War period, has made the tensions that produced the Great War appear freshly relevant. It has also refocused attention on the early twentieth-century roots of present-day conflicts. In this new international environment, U.S.-China rivalry begins to look similar to Anglo-German competition in the years before 1914, and the 1916 Sykes-Picot agreement and the treaties of Brest-Litovsk (1918) and Versailles (1919) seem to contain clues about contemporary conflicts in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Amidst the welter of new research, Alexander Watson’s The Fortress stands out as a singularly original study of how the war shaped East-Central Europe. Watson’s book reconstructs a forgotten chapter in the history of the war: the siege of the Galician fortress city of Przemyśl (also known as Premissel in German and Peremyshl in Ukrainian) between September 1914 and March 1915.