Index

ABPI see ankle–brachial pressure index acute pustular psoriasis, 77, 81 acanthosis nigricans, 118, 170, 171 acute urticaria, 138 acitretin, 195–196 adapalene, 194 acne conglobata, 56 Addison’s disease, 172 acne fulminans, 57 adherence, 190 acneiform disorders, 61–62, 186 adrenal disease, 172 acne vulgaris, 54–62 adult onset acne, 55 acne fulminans, 57 albinism, 115 acneiform disorders and rosacea, 61–62 alitretinoin, 196 adult onset and persistent acne, 55 allergic contact , 65–68, 193 age of onset and course, 54 alopecia, 121–123 appearance of the skin, 55 alopecia areata, 121 assessment, 59–60 amyloidosis, 174 clinical features, 55–57 ANA see antinuclear antibodies comedones, 55 anaphylaxis, 22–23, 184 hidradenitis suppurativa, 60–61 anchoring filaments/fibrils, 4 individual lesions, 55–57 Anderson–Fabry disease, 112 infantile/juvenile acne, 54–55 androgenetic alopecia, 120 management, 59 angioedema, 22–23, 137–139 nodules and cysts, 55–56 angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, 112 papules and pustules, 55, 56 angiomas, 88 pathogenesis, 57–58 angular cheilitis, 41 psychological factors, 55 animal mites, 53 scars, 56 ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI), 151 secondary acne, 54, 60 anogenital pruritus, 166 site and distribution, 55 anthralin, 79 surgical intervention, 59 antibiotics, 58, 184 systemic therapies, 59 antidepressants, 179 topical therapies, 58 antinuclear antibodies (ANA), 158 treatment, 58–59 antiphospholipid syndrome, 158 acquired bullous disorders, 128–134 antipsychotics, 181 acquired hair loss disorders, 120, 121 apocrine sweat glands, 5 acquired ichthyosis, 107 artefactual lesions, 178–179 acquired melanocytic naevi, 101–103 arthropathic psoriasis, 81–82 acquired nail disorders, 123 arthropods, 128 acquired pigmentary disorders, 115, 116, asteatotic eczema, 71 117–118 COPYRIGHTEDathlete’s foot, MATERIAL 36 acral melanoma, 95 atopic eczema, 68–70 acrochordons, 86 atrophie blanche, 150 enteropathica, 112 atrophy, 191, 192 actinic keratoses, 92 atypical naevus, 101, 103 actinic , 147 atypical pityriasis rosea, 144 acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis, 186 autosomal dominant ichthyosis, 106 acute pompholyx, 71 azathioprine, 196

Dermatology Lecture Notes, Eleventh Edition. Robin Graham-Brown, Karen Harman and Graham Johnston. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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bacterial infections, 24–29 Bowen’s disease, 93–94, 194 atypical mycobacteria, 28 Breslow thickness, 97 carbuncle, 25 brittle nails, 124 cellulitis, 24–25 brittle psoriasis, 76, 81 cutaneous tuberculosis, 26 buccal mucosal candidiasis, 41 emergency dermatology, 21, 23 bullous disorders, 127–136 erythrasma, 26 acquired disorders, 128–132 folliculitis, 25 arthropods, 128 furunculosis, 25 bullous erythema multiforme, 136 impetigo, 26 bullous pemphigoid, 128–129, 130–132 leprosy, 40 causes, 127–128 vulgaris, 27 congenital skin disorders, 128 meningococcal septicaemia, 21–22 dermatitis herpetiformis, 133–134 mycobacterial infection, 26–29 drug reactions, 128, 135–136, 187 necrotizing fasciitis, 22 ichthyosiform erythroderma, 106–107 scrofuloderma, 27 linear IgA disease, 134 , 23, 25–26 mucous membrane pemphigoid, 133 staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, 23, 26 oedema, 128 streptococcal infection, 24–25 pemphigus, 128–131 tuberculides, 28 physical causes, 128 warty tuberculosis, 27 porphyria cutanea tarda, 135 balanoposthitis, 42 rare blistering disorders, 135–136 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 85, 90–92, 152, 194 skin disorders, 127, 128–135 basal cell naevus syndrome, 111 toxic epidermal necrolysis, 135–136 basal cell papilloma, 85–86 burns units, 20 basal layer, 2 butterfly distribution, 157 basement membrane zone, 4 bases, 189–190 café‐au‐lait marks, 117 BCC see basal cell carcinoma calcineurin inhibitors, 69, 193–194 Beau’s lines, 7, 124 calluses, 30 Becker’s naevus, 99 Campbell de Morgan spots, 88 bed bugs, 53 cancer see tumours Behçet’s disease, 155 Candida albicans, 35, 41–42 benign tumours, 84 carbuncle, 25 dermal tumours, 87–89 cardiac disease, 162 epidermal cysts, 87, 88 carpet‐tack sign, 156 epidermal tumours, 85–87 cattle ringworm, 38, 40 melanocytic tumours, 87 cautery, 84 pyogenic granulomas, 88 cellulitis, 24–25 treatment, 85–88 cheiroarthropathy, 170 benzoyl peroxide, 58 chemically induced scleroderma, 163 benzylbenzoate emulsion, 46 Cheyletiella spp., 53 beta‐carotene, 118 chickenpox, 33 biologics, 80–82, 196 chilblains, 155 biopsy Chinese traditional medicines, 70 connective tissue diseases, 156–157 chloasma, 117 diagnosis, 16–17 chloracne, 60 tumours, 83–85 cholestatic liver disease, 167 blackheads, 55 cholinergic urticaria, 138 blistering, 4 chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis, 89 see also bullous disorders chromate dermatitis, 67 blue naevus, 102 chromosomal abnormalities, 113 body dysmorphic disorder, 180 chronic actinic dermatitis, 147 boils, 25 chronic palmoplantar pustulosis, 77–78, 81 borderline leprosy, 29 chronic paronychia, 41, 42 Borrelia burgdorferi, 53 chronic renal failure, 167

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chronic spontaneous/idiopathic urticaria, 138 cyproterone acetate, 59 chronic traction, 121 cysts, 55–56 chronic urticaria, 138 cytokines, 1 cicatricial alopecia, 123 cytoskeleton, 2 cicatricial pemphigoid, 123 cytotoxic drugs, 80 ciclosporin, 80, 196 Cimex lectularius, 53 dapsone, 59 circumscribed morphoea, 160 Darier’s disease, 108–109 classic plaque psoriasis, 74, 75, 81 debridement, 22 clippings, 16, 39 deep capillary naevus, 104 closed comedones, 55 delusions of parasitosis, 180–181 clothing lice, 50 depigmentation, 115–117 clubbing, 124 dermal melanocytosis, 101 collodion baby, 108 dermatitis artefacta, 178–180 comedones, 55, 56 dermatitis herpetiformis, 133–134 common warts, 29, 30 dermatofibromas, 87–88 communication, 190 dermatoglyphics, 7, 8 compliance, 190 dermatological non‐disease, 180 compression bandages, 151 dermatological pathomimicry, 180 compulsive handwashing, 182 Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), 12 condylomata acuminata, 31 dermatomyositis, 158–160 congenital bullous disorders, 128 dermatophyte infections, 35–38 congenital hair loss disorders, 120 dermatophytide reactions, 39–40 congenital ichthyosis, 106–107 dermis, 7 congenital melanocytic naevi, 100–101 benign tumours, 87–88 congenital nail disorders, 123 dermatoglyphics, 7 congenital pigmentary disorders, 115, 116–117, 118 dysplastic/malignant tumours, 98 connective tissue diseases, 156–163 dermographism, 138, 139 dermatomyositis, 158–160 dermoscopy, 11, 16 investigations, 156–158 desmosomes, 3 lupus erythematosus, 156–158 diabetes mellitus, 167, 169–171 morphoea, 160–161 diabetic bullae, 170 scleroderma, 160–163 diabetic dermopathy, 170 systemic sclerosis and CREST syndrome, diagnosis, 10–19 161–163 biopsy, 16–18 treatment, 157–161, 162 concepts and definitions, 10–11 corneocytes, 2 dermoscopy, 14, 16 cornified cell envelope, 2 examination, 12–14 corns, 30 history, 11 corticosteroids, 59, 160 investigation, 13–14 Corynebacterium minutissimum, 26 lesion and surface characteristics, 13–16 cosmetics dermatitis, 66 patch tests, 18–19 Coxsackie virus, 32 patient preconceptions, 12 crab lice, 50–52 patients’ language, 12 CREST syndrome, 161–163 quality of life, 12 Crohn’s disease, 172 scrapings/clippings, 16 crusted (Norwegian) scabies, 47 steps to making a dermatological diagnosis, 11–12 cryotherapy, 29, 84–85 symptoms, 12 CSVV see cutaneous small‐vessel vasculitis Wood’s light, 14–16 curettage, 84 diagnostic biopsy, 18 cutaneous drug reactions see drug reactions diclofenac sodium, 194 cutaneous metastases, 175 discoid eczema, 71 cutaneous small‐vessel vasculitis (CSVV), 153 discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), 123, 156–157 cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma, 98 disseminated herpes simplex, 22, 33 cutaneous tuberculosis, 26, 123 dithranol, 79, 81

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DLE see discoid lupus erythematosus head lice, 48 DLQI see Dermatology Life Quality Index papular urticaria, 52–53 drug reactions, 183–188 pediculosis, 48–52 acneiform eruptions, 186 scabies, 44–48 acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis, 186 ticks, 53 bullous disorders, 127–128, 135–136, 187 eczema, 63–72 causes, 183 acute pompholyx, 71 concepts and definitions, 183 allergic , 65–68 eczema, 184–185 asteatotic eczema, 71 eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, 186 atopic eczema, 68–69 erythema multiforme, 185 chromate dermatitis, 67 erythroderma, 185 classification, 63–64 exacerbation of existing disease, 188 clinical features, 63 exanthematic eruptions, 184 cosmetics dermatitis, 66 fixed drug eruptions, 185 diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, hair abnormalities, 186 67–68 lichen planus, 185 discoid eczema, 71 patterns, 183–188 drug reactions, 184–185 photosensitivity, 187–188 endogenous eczema, 64, 68–72 pigmentary disorders, 192 exogenous eczema, 64–68 pigmentation disorders, 187 hair dye dermatitis, 67 pruritus, 166–168 juvenile plantar dermatosis, 71–72 Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal nickel dermatitis, 65–66 necrolysis, 186 occupational contact dermatitis, 65, 67 systemic disease, 193 plant dermatitis, 67 systemic lupus erythematosus, 158, 188 primary irritant contact dermatitis, 64–65 systemic therapies, 195–196 rubber dermatitis, 66 topical therapies, 191–193 , 70–71 urticaria and anaphylaxis, 184 topical medicaments, 67 vasculitis, 154, 185 treatment, 68–70 dysmorphophobia, 180 varicose eczema, 71 dysphagia, 161 vascular disorders, 150 dysplastic/malignant tumours, 84 eczema herpeticum, 22, 33 connective tissue diseases, 158 Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, 109 dermal tumours, 97–98 emergency dermatology, 20–23 epidermal tumours, 85, 90–94, 97 angioedema and anaphylaxis, 22–23 inherited disorders, 112 erythroderma, 20–21 melanocytic tumours, 94–97 Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption, 22 prevention, 97 meningococcal septicaemia, 21–22 pruritus, 166–168 necrotizing fasciitis, 22 systemic disease, 175–176 staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, 23 topical therapies, 194 Stevens–Johnson syndrome, 20 treatment, 85, 92, 93–98 toxic epidermal necrolysis, 20 vascular disorders, 153, 154 emollients, 69, 78, 81 dysplastic naevus, 102 en coup de sabre, 161 endocrine disease, 169–171 EB see epidermolysis bullosa endogenous eczema, 63, 68–72 eccrine sweat glands, 4–5 eosinophilia, 186 ectodermal dysplasias, 111 ephelides, 87 ectoparasite infections, 44–53 epidermal appendages, 4–7 animal mites, 53 apocrine sweat glands, 5 bed bugs, 53 eccrine sweat glands, 4–5 clothing lice, 50 hair, 5–6 crab lice, 50–51 nails, 6–7 fleas, 52–53 sebaceous glands, 5, 6

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epidermal cysts, 87 dermatophytide reactions, 39–40 epidermis, 1–4 , 42 basal layer, 2 kerion, 38, 39 benign tumours, 85–87 mycetoma, 41 dysplastic/malignant tumours, 85–87, 90–94 pityriasis versicolor, 42–43 granular cell layer, 3 tinea capitis, 37–38 keratinocytes, 1–3 tinea corporis, 36–37 melanocytes, 2–3 tinea cruris, 35, 36 naevi, 99 tinea incognito, 39 prickle cell layer, 3 tinea manuum, 37 stratum corneum, 3, 8 tinea pedis, 35–36 epidermolysis bullosa (EB), 109, 128 tinea unguium, 37 epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, 107 furunculosis, 25 epithelial naevi, 99–100 erythema multiforme, 33, 139–141, 185–186 Gardner’s syndrome, 111 erythema nodosum, 141, 174 gastrointestinal disorders, 161 erythrasma, 26 generalized morphoea, 161 erythroderma, 141 generalized pruritus, 166–168 clinical features, 20–21 genetic disorders, 107 drug reactions, 185 genital warts, 31 emergency dermatology, 20–21 giant‐cell arteritis, 154 treatment, 21 giant congenital melanocytic naevi, 100–101 erythrodermic psoriasis, 77, 81 gluten sensitivity, 133 erythromycin, 59 Gorlin’s syndrome, 111 exanthematic eruptions, 184 gout, 172 excision biopsy, 17–18 granular cell layer, 3 exclamation‐mark hairs, 121 granuloma annulare, 170–171 exfoliative dermatitis, 9, 141 gravitational eczema, 71 exogenous eczema, 64–68 guttate psoriasis, 76, 81

facial angiofibromas, 110 HAART see highly active antiretroviral therapy facial erythema, 157–159 haematological disorders, 152, 167 family history, 11 Haemophilus influenzae, 24 fibroblasts, 7 haemorrhoids, 166 filaggrin, 2, 106 hair fingerprints, 7 acquired disorders, 120, 121 fish tank granuloma, 28 changes in colour, 120 fixed drug eruptions, 185 changes in physical properties, 119–120 fleas, 52–53 circumscribed hair loss with normal scalp, 121 flexural psoriasis, 76, 81 congenital disorders, 120 5‐fluorouracil, 194 diffuse hair loss with normal scalp, 120–121 folie à deux, 179 disorders and abnormalities, 119–123 follicles, 116 drug reactions, 186 folliculitis, 25, 193 excessive hair and abnormal siting, 123 food allergies, 70 fungal infections, 38 freckles, 87 hair loss with abnormal scalp, 123 frontoparietal morphoea, 161 pigmentary disorders, 116 fumaric acid esters, 80 psychological factors, 181 fungal infections, 35–43 scalp hair loss, 120–123 angular cheilitis, 41 structure, 5–6 balanoposthitis/vulvovaginitis, 42 textural abnormalities, 120 buccal mucosal candidiasis, 41 hair dye dermatitis, 67 Candida infection, 35, 41–42 hand, foot and mouth disease, 32 cattle ringworm, 38–39 Hansen’s disease, 28 chronic paronychia, 41–42 head lice, 48 dermatophyte infections, 35–40 heliotrope erythema, 158–159

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hemidesmosomes, 4 systemic disease, 169, 176 Henoch–Schönlein purpura, 154 viral infections, 22, 29–34 hepatic disease, 162, 167 ingenol, 194 hepatitis B, 139 ingrowing nails, 126 hereditary angioedema, 138–139 inherited disorders, 106–113 hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, 111 acrodermatitis enteropathica, 112 herpes (pemphigoid) gestationis, 146 angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, 112 herpes simplex virus (HSV), 22, 32–33 basal cell naevus syndrome, 111 herpes zoster, 33–34 basement membrane zone, 4 hidradenitis suppurativa, 60–61 chromosomal abnormalities, 113 highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), collodion baby, 107–108 98, 177 Darier’s disease, 108–109 hirsutism, 123 ectodermal dysplasias, 111 histiocytoma, 88 Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, 109 histology, 156–157 epidermolysis bullosa, 109 HIV/AIDS Gardner’s syndrome, 111 ectoparasite infections, 47 hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, 111 fungal infections, 37 ichthyoses, 106–107 inherited disorders, 107 incontinentia pigmenti, 113 seborrhoeic dermatitis, 70 neurofibromatosis, 109–111 systemic disease, 176–177 palmoplantar keratoderma, 108 tumours, 90, 98 Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, 111 hobbies, 11 pseudoxanthoma elasticum, 111–112 HPV see human papillomavirus tuberous sclerosis complex, 109 HSV see herpes simplex virus xeroderma pigmentosum, 112 human papillomavirus (HPV), 29 intensive care unit (ICU), 20 Hutchinson’s malignant freckle, 94–95 intermediate filaments, 2 hyperlipidaemia, 173–174 intertrigo, 42 hyperpigmentation, 150 intra‐epithelial squamous cell carcinoma, 93 hyperthyroidism, 171 invasive squamous cell carcinoma, 93–94 hypertrichosis, 123 ischaemic ulcers, 152 hypertrophic scars, 89–90 isotretinoin, 195 hypopigmentation, 115–117, 192 itching, 133 hypothyroidism, 171 see also pruritus

ichthyosiform erythroderma, 106–107 juvenile plantar dermatosis, 71–72 ichthyosis vulgaris, 106 juvenile spring eruption, 147 ICU see intensive care unit IgA see immunoglobulin A Kaposi’s sarcoma, 98, 177 imiquimod, 194 Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption, 22, 33 immunoglobulin A (IgA), 154 keloids, 89–90 immunomodulators, 70, 193–194 keratin, 2, 6–7 impetigo, 26 keratinocytes, 1–2, 114 incontinentia pigmenti, 113, 117 keratoacanthoma, 86 infantile haemangioma, 104–105 keratoderma blenorrhagicum, 82, 172 infants keratohyalin granules, 2 acne vulgaris, 55 keratosis follicularis, 108–109 ectoparasite infections, 46 keratosis pilaris, 61 lichen sclerosus, 143–144 kerion, 38, 39 infections koilonychia, 124 bacterial infections, 22–29 bullous disorders, 127 lamellar ichthyosis, 106–107 drug reactions, 193 Langerhans’ cells, 3 ectoparasite infections, 44–53 lanugo hair, 5 emergency dermatology, 20–23 laser therapy, 85 fungal infections, 35–43 leg ulcers, 149–152

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lentigines, 87 muscles, 159 lentigo maligna, 94–95 musculoskeletal disorders, 162 LEOPARD syndrome, 117 mycetoma, 41 lepromatous leprosy, 29 Mycobacterium spp., 26–29 leprosy, 28 mycosis fungoides, 98 leukaemia, 176 myxoid cyst, 126 lichen planus, 123, 142–143, 185 lichen sclerosus, 116, 143–144 naevi, 99–105 , 165–166 classification, 100 light‐induced skin disease, 146–148 epithelial and organoid naevi, 99–100 linear erythema, 158, 159 mast cell naevi, 105 linear IgA disease, 134 melanocytic naevi, 99–103 linear morphoea, 161 vascular naevi, 99, 103–105 lipoatrophy, 170 nails lipodermatosclerosis, 150 acquired disorders, 124 localized pruritus, 165–166 congenital disorders, 124 lupus pernio, 174, 175 disorders and abnormalities, 119–120, 123–126 , 27, 123 fungal infections, 37, 40 Lyme disease, 53 koilonychia, 124 lymphoma, 98 loss of, 124 myxoid cyst, 126 macrophages, 8–9 onchyolysis, 124 Madura foot, 41 onychogryphosis, 124 major histocompatibility complex (MHC), 8 paronychium disorders, 126 Malassezia spp., 43, 42, 61 psoriasis, 75–76, 81 malathion, 46 pterygium, 124 malignant melanoma, 95–97 structure, 7 malignant sarcoma, 97 systemic disease, 175 malignant tumours see dysplastic/malignant natural moisturizing factor (NMF), 2 tumours NBIE see non‐bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma mast cell naevi, 105 necrobiosis lipoidica, 169, 170 mast cells, 7 necrotizing fasciitis, 22 medicament dermatitis, 67 neomycin, 184–185 melanocytes neonatal lupus erythematosus, 158 benign tumours, 87 neoplastic ulcers, 152 dysplastic/malignant tumours, 87, 94–97 nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, 163 naevi, 99, 99–100 nervous system disorders, 162 pigmentary disorders, 114–115, 116 neurofibromatosis, 110 structure and function, 2–3, 9 neuropathic ulcers, 169, 170 melasma, 117 nickel dermatitis, 65–66 meningococcal septicaemia, 21–22 NMF see natural moisturizing factor methotrexate, 80, 82, 196 nodular basal cell carcinoma, 91 MHC see major histocompatibility complex nodular melanoma, 95 mild acne, 60 nodular prurigo, 165, 166 milia, 87 nodular vasculitis, 154 miliaria, 145 nodules, 55–56 MMP see mucous membrane pemphigoid non‐bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBIE), 106–107 moderate acne, 60 non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAID), molluscum contagiosum, 31–32 82, 154, 184 Mongolian blue spot, 101 Norwegian scabies, 47 monoclonal antibodies, 80 NSAID see non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs morphoea, 160 morphoeic basal cell carcinoma, 91 obsessive–compulsive habits, 181–182 mosaic plantar warts, 30 occupation, 11 motor zoster, 34 occupational contact dermatitis, 64, 67 mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), 133 oedema, 128

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onychogryphosis, 124 drug reactions, 187, 192 onycholysis, 75, 124 hair, 120 open comedones, 55 hyperpigmentation, 117–118 ophthalmic zoster, 34 hypo‐ and depigmentation, 115–117 orf, 31–32 nails, 124 organoid naevi, 99–100 skin colour and types, 114 Osler–Weber–Rendu disease, 111 vascular disorders, 150 pigmented basal cell carcinoma, 91 Paget’s disease, 93 pilosebaceous unit, 5, 6 palmoplantar keratoderma, 108 pitted nails, 124 palpation, 12 , 116 PAN see polyarteritis nodosa pityriasis lichenoides, 145 papular urticaria, 52–53 pityriasis rosea, 144–145 animal mites, 53 pityriasis rubra pilaris, 145 bed bugs, 53 pityriasis versicolor, 43, 42–43, 116 fleas, 52–53 pityrosporum folliculitis, 61 ticks, 53 plane warts, 30 papules plantar warts, 30 acne vulgaris, 55 plant dermatitis, 67 drug reactions, 192–193 plaque psoriasis, 74, 75, 81 inherited disorders, 108 polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), 154 lichen planus, 142–143 polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, 146 parasite infections see ectoparasite infections polymorphic light eruption, 147 paronychia, 126 polypoid squamous cell carcinoma, 94 past history, 11 polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 163 patch tests, 18–19 pompholyx, 39, 71 pathological skin‐picking, 182 porphyria cutanea tarda, 135 patient compliance/adherence, 190 porphyrias, 147–148 pattern alopecia, 120 post‐inflammatory pigmentary disorders, 117, 118 PDT see photodynamic therapy prednisolone, 130, 132 pediculosis, 4850–51 pregnancy clinical features, 48–52 acne vulgaris, 59 clothing lice, 50 ectoparasite infections, 46 crab lice, 50–52 rashes, 145–146 head lice, 48–49 prescribing quantities, 190 treatment, 48–52 prickle cell layer, 3 Pediculus spp., 48–49 prickly heat, 145 pellagra, 148, 172 primary herpes simplex, 32 pemphigus, 128–130 primary irritant contact dermatitis, 64–65 perioral dermatitis, 62, 192–193 profilaggrin, 2 periorbital oedema, 158–159 prurigo, 165 periungual fibroma, 109 pruritus, 164–168 periungual warts, 126 anogenital pruritus, 166 perlèche, 41 causes, 165–168 permethrin cream, 46 concepts and definitions, 164 perniosis, 155 examination and screening, 167 persistent acne, 55 generalized pruritus, 166–167 perspiration, 9 lichen simplex chronicus and prurigo, 165 Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, 111 localized pruritus, 165 phenylketonuria, 115 mechanisms, 164 photodynamic therapy (PDT), 85 pregnancy, 146 photosensitivity, 147, 187–188 senile pruritus, 168 phototherapy, 194 systemic disease, 167 Phthirus pubis, 50–52 treatment, 166, 168 phytophotodermatitis, 148 , 166 pigmentary disorders, 114–118 , 166

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pseudopelade, 123 renal disease, 162, 167 pseudoscleroderma, 163 resuscitation, 22 pseudo‐tumours, 89–90 retinoids, 58, 59, 80, 194, 195 pseudoxanthoma elasticum, 111–112 rheumatic disease, 172 psoralen and UVA (PUVA therapy), 70, 80, 81, 116, 194–195 rheumatic fever, 172 psoriasis, 73–82 rheumatoid arthritis, 172 acute pustular psoriasis, 77, 81 rhinophyma, 62 arthropathic psoriasis, 81–82 ringworm, 38–39 chronic palmoplantar pustulosis, 77–78, 81 rodent ulcer, 91 classic plaque psoriasis, 74, 75, 81 rosacea, 61–62 clinical patterns, 74–78, 80–81 rough nails, 124 concepts and definitions, 73 rubber dermatitis, 66 erythroderma, 21 erythrodermic psoriasis, 77, 81 sacral zoster, 33 flexural psoriasis, 76, 81 salicylic acid, 78 guttate psoriasis, 76, 81 sarcoid granulomas, 174 nail growth, 7 sarcoidosis, 174–175 nail psoriasis, 75–76, 81 scabies, 44–48 pathology and clinical features, 73–74 aetiology, 44 Reiter’s syndrome, 82 clinical features, 44–45, 47 scalp psoriasis, 74–75, 81 crusted (Norwegian) scabies, 47 systemic therapies, 80 diagnosis, 45 topical therapies, 79 institutional outbreaks, 47–48 treatment, 78–80 special populations, 47 unstable or brittle psoriasis, 76, 81 treatment, 46, 48, 193 psychological factors, 178–182 scalp hair loss, 120–122 acne vulgaris, 55 scalp psoriasis, 74–75, 81 body dysmorphic disorder, 180 scarring concepts and definitions, 178 acne vulgaris, 57, 58 delusions of parasitosis, 180–181 alopecia, 123 dermatitis artefacta, 178–180 sarcoid granulomas, 174 dermatological pathomimicry, 180 SCC see squamous cell carcinoma obsessive–compulsive habits, 181–182 SCLE see subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus pruritus, 168 scleroderma, 160–163 pterygium, 124 scrapings, 16, 40 Pulex irritans, 52–53 scrofuloderma, 27 pulmonary disorders, 161 scurvy, 172 punch biopsy, 18 sebaceous glands, 5–6 purpura, 176 sebaceous naevi, 99–100 pustular psoriasis, 193 seborrhoeic dermatitis, 70 pustules seborrhoeic keratoses, 85–86 acne vulgaris, 55 seborrhoeic warts, 85–86 drug reactions, 192 secondary acne, 54, 60 psoriasis, 77–78, 81 senile pruritus, 168 PUVA see psoralens and UVA senile purpura, 187 PVC see polyvinyl chloride sepsis syndrome, 21 pyoderma gangrenosum, 173 severe acne, 60 pyogenic granulomas, 88 sexually transmitted infections (STI), 31, 50–52 shaving rash, 61 quality of life (QoL), 12 shingles, 33 Sister Joseph’s nodule, 175 radiotherapy, 85 SJS see Stevens–Johnson syndrome reactive arthritis, 172 skin, 1–9 recurrent herpes simplex, 32 basement membrane zone, 4 Reiter’s disease, 82, 172 connective tissue diseases, 158

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dermis, 7 pruritus, 166 epidermal appendages, 4–7 purpura, 176–177 epidermis, 1–4, 8 renal disease, 162, 167 functions, 8–9 rheumatic disease, 172 structure, 1–7 sarcoidosis, 174–175 systemic disease, 174 thyroid disease, 167, 171 skin tags, 86 vitamin deficiency, 172 skin tumours see tumours see also HIV/AIDS SLE see systemic lupus erythematosus systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 139, 156, 158, 188 solar keratoses, 92 systemic sclerosis, 161–163 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 85, 92–93, 157, 158 systemic therapies, 195–196 SSM see superficial spreading melanoma acne vulgaris, 58, 59 staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), 23, 26 azathioprine, 196 Staphylococcus aureus, 25–26 biologics, 196 stasis dermatitis, 71 ciclosporin, 196 steroid rosacea, 193 methotrexate, 196 steroids, 191–193 psoriasis, 80 bullous disorders, 130–131, 132 retinoids, 195 choice of preparation, 191 connective tissue diseases, 156–157 tar, 79 eczema, 68 tazarotene, 79–80, 194 potency, 191 telangiectatic vessels, 90 pruritus, 165 temporal arteritis, 154 psoriasis, 79 TEN see toxic epidermal necrolysis side effects, 191–193 terminal differentiation, 1–2 Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS), 20, 136, 140, 186 terminal hair, 5–6 Still’s disease, 172 tetracyclines, 59 stratum corneum, 3, 8 thermoregulation, 9 Streptococcus spp., 24 thyroid disease, 167, 171 striae, 191, 192 ticks, 53 striate palmar xanthomas, 173–174 tinea capitis, 37–38, 123 subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE), tinea corporis, 36–37 156, 158 tinea cruris, 36 sulfonamides, 185 tinea incognito, 39, 193 sunburn, 146 tinea manuum, 37 superficial basal cell carcinoma, 91 tinea pedis, 35–36 superficial capillary naevus, 103 tinea unguium, 37 superficial spreading melanoma (SSM), 95 topical therapies, 189–195 surgical intervention acne vulgaris, 58–59 acne vulgaris, 59 bases, 189–190 emergency dermatology, 22 communication and patient compliance/ tumours, 83–84 adherence, 190 Sutton’s halo naevus, 102 dysplastic/malignant tumours, 194 sweat glands, 4 eczema, 67, 69 systemic disease, 169–177 immunomodulators, 193–194 adrenal disease, 172 psoriasis, 79 amyloidosis, 174 steroids, 191–193 cardiac disease, 162 toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), 20, 135–136, 186 connective tissue disorders, 161 traction alopecia, 121–122 drug reactions, 186, 193 tretinoin, 194, 195–196 dysplastic/malignant tumours, 175–177 Trichophyton spp., 35, 38 endocrine disease, 169–171 trichotillomania, 121, 181 hepatic disease, 162, 166, 175 trigeminal trophic syndrome, 123 hyperlipidaemia, 173–174 trigeminal zoster, 33–34 leukaemia, 175–176 trimethoprim, 59

bindex.indd 211 9/30/2020 10:59:57 PM 212 Index

TSC see tuberous sclerosis complex eczema, 150 tuberculides, 28 haematological disorders, 152 tuberculoid leprosy, 28–29, 116 Henoch–Schönlein purpura, 154 tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), 109, 115 hyperpigmentation, 150 tuberous xanthomas, 173–174 ischaemic ulcers, 152 tumours, 83–98 leg ulcers, 149–152 benign tumours, 84, 85–89 lipodermatosclerosis, 150 classification of skin tumours, 83 neoplastic ulcers, 152 connective tissue diseases, 158–159 nodular vasculitis, 154 cryotherapy, 84–85 perniosis, 155 curettage and/or cautery, 84 polyarteritis nodosa, 154 dermal tumours, 87–89, 97–98 temporal arteritis, 154 dysplastic/malignant tumours, 84, 85, 90–98 treatment, 151, 154–155 epidermal cysts, 87 urticarial vasculitis, 154 epidermal tumours, 85–87, 90–94, 97–98 vasculitic ulcers, 152 extension from deeper tissues and metastases, 98 vasculitis, 152–154 inherited disorders, 112 venous leg ulcers, 149–151 lasers and photodynamic therapy, 85 Wegener’s granulomatosis, 154 melanocytes, 2–3 vascular naevi, 99, 103–105 melanocytic tumours, 87, 94–95 vasculitic ulcers, 152 prevention, 97 vasculitis, 152–154, 185 pruritus, 166–168 vellus hair, 5 pseudo‐tumours, 89–90 venous leg ulcers, 149–152 radiotherapy, 85 verrucae, 29 surgical removal and biopsy, 83 viral infections, 29–34 systemic disease, 175–176 emergency dermatology, 22 topical therapies, 194 genital warts, 31 treatment, 83–89, 92, 93–98 hand, foot and mouth disease, 32 vascular disorders, 151, 152 herpes simplex, 22, 32–33 herpes zoster, 33–34 ultrasound, 151 molluscum contagiosum, 31 ultraviolet (UV) radiation orf, 31–32 eczema, 70 warts, 29–32 inherited disorders, 112 vitamin D, 9 light‐induced skin disease, 146–148 vitamin D analogues, 79–80, 193–194 melanocytes, 3, 9 vitamin deficiency, 172 phototherapy, 194–195 vitiligo, 115–116 pigmentary disorders, 115 Von Recklinghausen’s neurofibromatosis, 109 psoriasis, 80, 81 vulvovaginitis, 42 vitamin D, 9 unstable psoriasis, 76, 81 warts, 29–32 urticaria, 137–139 warty tuberculosis, 27 clinical features, 137–138 washboard nails, 124 clinical forms, 138 weals, 138 drug reactions, 184 Wegener’s granulomatosis, 154 treatment, 139 wet‐wrap technique, 70 urticarial vasculitis, 154 whiteheads, 55 urticaria pigmentosa, 117, 139 white superficial onychomycosis, 37 UV see ultraviolet Wood’s light, 14, 16

varicose eczema, 71 xanthelasma, 173 vascular disorders, 149–155 xanthomas, 170 atrophie blanche, 150 xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), 9, 112, 148 Behçet’s disease, 155 X‐linked recessive ichthyosis, 106 cutaneous small‐vessel vasculitis, 153–154 XP see xeroderma pigmentosum drug‐induced vasculitis, 154 X‐ray, 22

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