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Dylarginine Deiminase Type III and Deiminated Trichohyalin in Rat Dorsal Skin Hair Follicles

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Dylarginine Deiminase Type III and Deiminated Trichohyalin in Rat Dorsal Skin Hair Follicles Biomedical Research 22 (6) 265-271, 2001 Morphogenesis- and Hair Cycle-dependent Expression of Trichohyalin, Pepti- dylarginine Deiminase Type III and Deiminated Trichohyalin in Rat Dorsal Skin Hair Follicles Takako OHSAWA, Akihito ISHIGAMI, Kyoichi AKIYAMA and Hiroaki ASAGA Department of Bic-activity Regulation, Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan (Received 6 December 2001; and accepted 29 December 2001) ABSTRACT Previously, we have reported the localizations of trichohyalin (THH), peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD; EC 3.5.3.15) type III and deiminated THH in the inner root sheath and medulla cells of in- fant rat dorsal skin hair follicles, showing the functional involvement of PAD in the formation of the rigid structures of the inner root sheath and medulla of the hair follicle. To further elucidate the function of PAD type III in the formation of the rigid structure, we performed immunocytochemi- cal studies on its expression during the first and second hair cycle of the rat dorsal skin hair folli- cle. During the first hair cycle, THH and PAD type III appeared coincidently in the cone-shaped inner root sheath of the developing hair follicle before the appearance of the deiminated THH. In the catagen of the first hair follicle, the immunoreactivities of THH and deiminated THH were de- teriorated and completely disappeared in the telogen. During the second hair cycle, big hair was de- veloped, the cortex of which was about four-fold thicker and the follicle was about 1.5-fold longer than those of the small hairs developed during the first hair cycle. In the matured big hair follicle, THH was detected in the imier root sheath and in the medulla from the bulb region to the middle follicle region. In contrast, deiminated THH was intensely detected in the lI’lII61‘ root sheath and me- dulla from the middle follicle region to the end of the follicle or hair shaft, although it was also de- tected faintly in Henle’s layer of the inner root sheath from the upper bulb region to the middle follicle region. PAD type III in the second hair cycle was detected in the inner root sheath from the lower bulb region and in the medulla cells from the region in contact with the dermal papilla, and also in the cortex cells from the lower bulb region, but not in the outer root sheath. These observa- tions indicate that THH and PAD type III are expressed coincidentally at the early stage of the an- agen, but the deimination of THH occurs later after a time-lag, suggesting that the additional factor might be involved in triggering the reaction. Hair bulb keratinocytes differentiate into compli- 23, 26, 31), is considered to be a KIF-associated pro- cated cells to form hair follicles, containing the in- tein, although it is expressed also in the nails, ner root sheath (IRS) or hair shaft with a rigid tongue papillae, hoof or rumen (5, l2, l9, 22, 25), structure composed of keratin intermediate filaments forestomach (29), psoriatic epidermis and cultured (KIF). Trichohyalin (THH), which is a major protein keratinocytes (5), in disorder skin (ll), and tran- in the IRS and the medulla of the hair shaft (2, 18, siently in the epidermis of human fetal skin (9). The structure of THH contains the calcium-binding do- Correspondence to: Dr.Takal<o Ohsawa at above address. mains of the EF-hand type and the assumed KIF- Tel: +813-3964-3241 Fax: +813-3579-4776 binding domains in sheep (2) and human hair folli- E-mail: [email protected] cles (l0). Immunocytochemical or immunoelectron .
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