Inguinal, Or Hexsel's Hyperhidrosis
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Hair Histology As a Tool for Forensic Identification of Some Domestic Animal Species
EXCLI Journal 2018;17:663-670 – ISSN 1611-2156 Received: June 28, 2018, accepted: July 02, 2018, published: July 06, 2018 Original article: HAIR HISTOLOGY AS A TOOL FOR FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION OF SOME DOMESTIC ANIMAL SPECIES Yasser A. Ahmed1, Safwat Ali2, Ahmed Ghallab3* 1 Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt 2 Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt 3 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] http://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2018-1478 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). ABSTRACT Animal hair examination at a criminal scene may provide valuable information in forensic investigations. How- ever, local reference databases for animal hair identification are rare. In the present study, we provide differential histological analysis of hair of some domestic animals in Upper Egypt. For this purpose, guard hair of large rumi- nants (buffalo, camel and cow), small ruminants (sheep and goat), equine (horse and donkey) and canine (dog and cat) were collected and comparative analysis was performed by light microscopy. Based on the hair cuticle scale pattern, type and diameter of the medulla, and the pigmentation, characteristic differential features of each animal species were identified. The cuticle scale pattern was imbricate in all tested animals except in donkey, in which coronal scales were identified. The cuticle scale margin type, shape and the distance in between were characteristic for each animal species. -
1 Structure and Function of the Skin
Go Back to the Top To Order, Visit the Purchasing Page for Details 1 Chapter 1 Structure and Function of the Skin The skin is the human body’s its largest organ, covering 1.6 m2 of surface area and accounting for approximate- ly 16% of an adult’s body weight. In direct contact with the outside environment, the skin helps to maintain four essential bodily functions: ① retention of moisture and prevention of permeation or loss of other molecules, ② regulation of body temperature, ③ protection of the body from microbes and harmful external influences, and ④ sensation. To understand cutaneous biology and skin diseases, it is very important to learn the structure and functions of normal human skin. A. Skin surface The skin surface is not smooth, but is laced with multiple net- works of fine grooves called sulci cutis. These can be deep or shallow. The slightly elevated areas that are surrounded by shal- lower areas of sulci cutis are called cristae cutis. Sweat pores fed crista cutis by the sweat glands open to the cristae cutis (Fig. 1.1). The orientation of the sulci cutis, which differs depending on body location, is called the dermal ridge pattern. Fingerprints and sulcus cutis patterns on the palms and soles, which are unique to each person, are formed by the sulci cutis. Elastic fibers also run in specific directions in deeper parts of the skin, with the direction depend- aabcdefg h i j klmnopqr ing on the site. Some skin diseases, such as epidermal nevus, are known to occur along specific lines distributed over the body, the Blaschko lines (Fig. -
The Distribution of Sweat Glands Over the Human Body Has So Far Been In
NOTES ON THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE HUMAN SWEAT GLANDS SHUNZO TAKAGI AND KO TOBARU* Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nagoya•õ The distribution of sweat glands over the human body has so far been in- vestigated in the dimension of area, and we have no general idea how deep they are distributed in the skin. In 1943, Kuno and his collaborators (3) expressed the opinion that chloride would be accumulated in the skin during the activity of sweat glands. The truth of this assumption has been confirmed with more certainty by Yoshimura and Chihaya (unpublished), who measured the chloride content in the skin tissue by means of Ag-AgCl electrodes. The chloride may presumably be accumulated in the immediate neighbourhood of the glomeruli of sweat glands, or more diffusely in the layers of skin tissues where the glomeruli are situated. For consideration of the amount of the accumulated chloride, the total volume of these skin layers, which can be estimated by the vertical distribution of the sweat-gland glomeruli, seems to be useful. The fol- lowing investigation was therefore performed. MATERIALS AND METHOD Skin samples of 33 regions of the body, as specified in table 1, were taken from the corpse of a Japanese male of 30 years old, who died an accidental death. The samples were fixed in 10 per cent formalin, embedded in celloidin and cut into sections 15 micra thick. The sections were stained with Delafield's hematoxylin and eosin. Observations of sweat glands were made with 2-3 pieces of the skin about 100 sq. -
Dermoscopy of Aplasia Cutis Congenita: a Case Report and Review of the Literature
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Dermoscopy of Aplasia Cutis Congenita: A Case Report and Review of the Literature Rasna Neelam1, Mio Nakamura2, Trilokraj Tejasvi2 1 University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 2 Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Key words: aplasia cutis congenita, alopecia, dermoscopy, trichoscopy Citation: Neelam R, Nakamura M, Tejasvi T. Dermoscopy of aplasia cutis congenita: a case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Pract Concept. 2021;11(1):e2021154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5826/dpc.1101a154 Accepted: September 28, 2020; Published: January 29, 2021 Copyright: ©2021 Neelam et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC-4.0, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: None. Competing interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Authorship: All authors have contributed significantly to this publication. Corresponding author: Trilokraj Tejasvi, MD, Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, 1910 Taubman Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Email: [email protected] Introduction throbbing, and point tenderness in one of the patches of alo- pecia. The alopecic patch had been present on the right pari- Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare heterogeneous con- etal-occipital scalp since birth and has been stable in size and genital disorder characterized by focal or widespread absence appearance for years. Three other round patches of alopecia of the skin. had also been present since birth and remained asymptomatic. -
Neural Control of Facial Sweat Gland Secretion in Horses
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Creative Components Dissertations Fall 2019 Neural control of facial sweat gland secretion in horses Lu Liu Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/creativecomponents Part of the Comparative and Evolutionary Physiology Commons, and the Systems and Integrative Physiology Commons Recommended Citation Liu, Lu, "Neural control of facial sweat gland secretion in horses" (2019). Creative Components. 455. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/creativecomponents/455 This Creative Component is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Creative Components by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Neural control of facial sweat gland secretion in horses Lu Liu 2019.11.26 BMS 599 Creative Component Biomedical Sciences Department Iowa State University Abstract: For sweat glands, it has been shown that sympathetic neurons express a cholinergic/noradrenergic co-phenotype in their innervation in the trunk of mice.(Schütz et al. 2008). It is unknown if facial sweat glands are innervated the same way. Gustatory sweating is an abnormal sweating condition. People can sweat profusely when eating or drinking, or even thinking about eating or drinking. We hypothesize that the facial sweat glands are controlled differently and can be related to parasympathetic neurons from cranial nerves. Some samples from human donors have been tested, but few sweat glands can be targeted since the donors were older people. Thus, it was decided to use horse tissue for this project to obtain greater numbers of sweat glands on the face. -
Periodic Acid-Schiff Positive Material Accumulating Within the Lumen of Eccrine Sweat Glands*
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector PERIODIC ACID-SCHIFF POSITIVE MATERIAL ACCUMULATING WITHIN THE LUMEN OF ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS* GEORGE W. HAMBRICK, JR., M.D. The purpose of this paper is to record findings with regard to diastase-resistant, periodic acid-Schiff positive material in the lumen of eccrine ducts and glands of two individuals. This material has two possible sources in the normal eccrine sweat gland, namely, the cuticle lining of the eccrine duct and the cells of the secretory tubule. Holyoke and Lobits (3) studying 35 normal skin biopsies re- B pp HI D FIG. 1. A. Vertical section through skin of the control area showing dilatation of an eccrine sweat duct with eosinophilic material in the lumen. H. and E., X178. B. Same find- ings as in A above from an area treated daily with 3 per cent hexachloronaphthalene in acetone for one week, Xl7S. C. Section through dermal parts of eccrine duct containing a cast. H. and E., X355. D. Section through dermal eccrine duct containing periodic acid- Schiff positive material in the lumen, X660. *Fromthe Department of Dermatology (Donald M. Pillsbury, M.D., Director), School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 4, Pennsylvania. This study was supported by U. S. Army grant DA-49-007-MD-154. Received for publication March 29, 1957. 213 214 THF JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY ported the presence of material in the lumen of the eccrine duct and gland; they classified the material as amorphous, cast, cellular or bacterial. -
Sweat Gland Myoepithelial Cell Differentiation
Journal of Cell Science 112, 1925-1936 (1999) 1925 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1999 JCS4638 Human sweat gland myoepithelial cells express a unique set of cytokeratins and reveal the potential for alternative epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation states in culture Margarete Schön1,*, Jennifer Benwood1, Therese O’Connell-Willstaedt2 and James G. Rheinwald1,2,‡ 1Division of Dermatology/Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and 2Division of Cell Growth and Regulation, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA *Present address: Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany ‡Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Accepted 9 April; published on WWW 26 May 1999 SUMMARY We have characterized precisely the cytokeratin expression myoepithelial cells, a constituent of secretory glands. pattern of sweat gland myoepithelial cells and have Immunostaining of skin sections revealed that only sweat identified conditions for propagating this cell type and gland myoepithelial cells expressed the same pattern of modulating its differentiation in culture. Rare, unstratified keratins and α-sma and lack of E-cadherin as the cell type epithelioid colonies were identified in cultures initiated we had cultured. Interestingly, our immunocytochemical from several specimens of full-thickness human skin. These analysis of ndk, a skin-derived cell line of uncertain cells divided rapidly in medium containing serum, identity, suggests that this line is of myoepithelial origin. epidermal growth factor (EGF), and hydrocortisone, and Earlier immunohistochemical studies by others had found maintained a closely packed, epithelioid morphology when myoepithelial cells to be K7-negative. -
A Case of Acquired Smooth Muscle Hamartoma on the Sole
Ann Dermatol (Seoul) Vol. 21, No. 1, 2009 CASE REPORT A Case of Acquired Smooth Muscle Hamartoma on the Sole Deborah Lee, M.D., Sang-Hyun Kim, M.D., Soon-Kwon Hong, M.D., Ho-Suk Sung, M.D., Seon-Wook Hwang, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea A smooth muscle hamartoma is a benign proliferation of INTRODUCTION smooth muscle bundles within the dermis. It arises from smooth muscle cells that are located in arrector pili muscles, Smooth muscle hamartomas (SMH) are a result of benign dartos muscles, vascular smooth muscles, muscularis proliferation of smooth muscle bundles in the dermis. SMH- mammillae and the areolae. Acquired smooth muscle associated smooth muscle cells originate from arrector hamartoma (ASMH) is rare, with only 10 such cases having pili-, dartos-, vulvar-, mammillary- and vascular wall- been reported in the English medical literature to date. Most muscles1-3. SMH is characterized by slightly pigmented of these cases of ASMH were shown to have originated from plaques that contain vellus hairs, and SMH is subdivided arrector pili and dartos muscles. Only one case was reported into two types: congenital smooth muscle hamartoma to have originated from vascular smooth muscle cells. A 21 (CSMH) and acquired smooth muscle hamartoma (ASMH)1-3. year-old woman presented with a tender pigmented nodule, ASMH is a very rare form of SMH that was first described with numbness, on the sole of her foot, and this lesion had by Wong and Solomon1 in 1985, with only such 10 cases developed over the previous 18 months. -
The Integumentary System
CHAPTER 5: THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. OVERALL SKIN STRUCTURE 3 LAYERS Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 5.1 Skin structure. Hair shaft Dermal papillae Epidermis Subpapillary vascular plexus Papillary layer Pore Appendages of skin Dermis Reticular • Eccrine sweat layer gland • Arrector pili muscle Hypodermis • Sebaceous (oil) gland (superficial fascia) • Hair follicle Nervous structures • Hair root • Sensory nerve fiber Cutaneous vascular • Pacinian corpuscle plexus • Hair follicle receptor Adipose tissue (root hair plexus) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. EPIDERMIS 4 (or 5) LAYERS Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 5.2 The main structural features of the skin epidermis. Keratinocytes Stratum corneum Stratum granulosum Epidermal Stratum spinosum dendritic cell Tactile (Merkel) Stratum basale Dermis cell Sensory nerve ending (a) Dermis Desmosomes Melanocyte (b) Melanin granule Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. DERMIS 2 LAYERS Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 5.3 The two regions of the dermis. Dermis (b) Papillary layer of dermis, SEM (22,700x) (a) Light micrograph of thick skin identifying the extent of the dermis, (50x) (c) Reticular layer of dermis, SEM (38,500x) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 5.3a The two regions of the dermis. Dermis (a) Light micrograph of thick skin identifying the extent of the dermis, (50x) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Q1: The type of gland which secretes its products onto a surface is an _______ gland. 1) Endocrine 2) Exocrine 3) Merocrine 4) Holocrine Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Q2: The embryonic tissue which gives rise to muscle and most connective tissue is… 1) Ectoderm 2) Endoderm 3) Mesoderm Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. -
Gen Anat-Skin
SKIN • Cutis,integument • External covering • Skin+its appendages-- -integumentary system • Largest organ---15 to 20% body mass. LAYERS • Epidermis •Dermis Types • Thick and thin(1-5 mm thick) • Hairy and non hairy Thick skin EXAMPLES • THICK---PALMS AND SOLES BUT ANATOMICALLY THE BACK HAS THICK SKIN. REST OF BODY HAS THIN SKIN • NON HAIRY----PALMS AND SOLES,DORSAL SURFACE OF DISTAL PHALANX,GLANS PENIS,LABIA MINORA,LABIA MAJORA AND UMBLICUS FUNCTIONS • Barrier • Immunologic • Homeostasis •Sensory • Endocrine • excretory EPIDERMIS(layers) • Stratum basale or stratum germinativum • Stratum spinosum • Stratum granulosum • Stratum lucidum • Stratum corneum Type of cells in epidermis and keratinization • Keratinocytes • Melanocytes • Langerhans • Merkels cells DERMIS LAYERS---- 1.PAPILLARY • Dermal papillae • Complementary epidermal ridges or rete ridges • Dermal ridges in thick skin • Hemidesmosomes present both in dermis and epidermis RETICULAR LAYER •DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TIISUE Sensory receptors • Free nerve endings • Ruffini end organs • Pacinian and • Meissners corpuscles Blood supply • Fasciocutaneous A • Musculocutaneous A • Direct cutaneous A APPENDAGES • Hair follicle producing hair • Sweat glands(sudoriferous) • Sebaceous glands • Nails Hair follicle • Invagination of epidermis • Parts---infundibulum, isthmus, inferior part having bulb and invagination HAIR follicle layers • Outer and inner root sheath • Types of hair vellus, terminal, club • Phases of growth— anagen, catagen and telogen Hair shaft • Cuticle •Cortex • Medulla -
Nomina Histologica Veterinaria, First Edition
NOMINA HISTOLOGICA VETERINARIA Submitted by the International Committee on Veterinary Histological Nomenclature (ICVHN) to the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists Published on the website of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists www.wava-amav.org 2017 CONTENTS Introduction i Principles of term construction in N.H.V. iii Cytologia – Cytology 1 Textus epithelialis – Epithelial tissue 10 Textus connectivus – Connective tissue 13 Sanguis et Lympha – Blood and Lymph 17 Textus muscularis – Muscle tissue 19 Textus nervosus – Nerve tissue 20 Splanchnologia – Viscera 23 Systema digestorium – Digestive system 24 Systema respiratorium – Respiratory system 32 Systema urinarium – Urinary system 35 Organa genitalia masculina – Male genital system 38 Organa genitalia feminina – Female genital system 42 Systema endocrinum – Endocrine system 45 Systema cardiovasculare et lymphaticum [Angiologia] – Cardiovascular and lymphatic system 47 Systema nervosum – Nervous system 52 Receptores sensorii et Organa sensuum – Sensory receptors and Sense organs 58 Integumentum – Integument 64 INTRODUCTION The preparations leading to the publication of the present first edition of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria has a long history spanning more than 50 years. Under the auspices of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists (W.A.V.A.), the International Committee on Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature (I.C.V.A.N.) appointed in Giessen, 1965, a Subcommittee on Histology and Embryology which started a working relation with the Subcommittee on Histology of the former International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee. In Mexico City, 1971, this Subcommittee presented a document entitled Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft as a basis for the continued work of the newly-appointed Subcommittee on Histological Nomenclature. This resulted in the editing of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft II (Toulouse, 1974), followed by preparations for publication of a Nomina Histologica Veterinaria. -
Sweat Glands • Oil Glands • Mammary Glands
Chapter 4 The Integumentary System Lecture Presentation by Steven Bassett Southeast Community College © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Introduction • The integumentary system is composed of: • Skin • Hair • Nails • Sweat glands • Oil glands • Mammary glands © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Introduction • The skin is the most visible organ of the body • Clinicians can tell a lot about the overall health of the body by examining the skin • Skin helps protect from the environment • Skin helps to regulate body temperature © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Integumentary Structure and Function • Cutaneous Membrane • Epidermis • Dermis • Accessory Structures • Hair follicles • Exocrine glands • Nails © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.1 Functional Organization of the Integumentary System Integumentary System FUNCTIONS • Physical protection from • Synthesis and storage • Coordination of immune • Sensory information • Excretion environmental hazards of lipid reserves response to pathogens • Synthesis of vitamin D3 • Thermoregulation and cancers in skin Cutaneous Membrane Accessory Structures Epidermis Dermis Hair Follicles Exocrine Glands Nails • Protects dermis from Papillary Layer Reticular Layer • Produce hairs that • Assist in • Protect and trauma, chemicals protect skull thermoregulation support tips • Nourishes and • Restricts spread of • Controls skin permeability, • Produce hairs that • Excrete wastes of fingers and supports pathogens prevents water loss provide delicate • Lubricate toes epidermis penetrating epidermis • Prevents entry of