And the Prophets, Do They Live for Ever? De Dave Eggers
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Université de La Réunion Faculté des Lettres et de Sciences Humaines Année 2016-2017 Master LLCER Langues, Littératures et Civilisations Etrangères et Régionales Parcours Monde Anglophone Traduction commentée d’un extrait de Your Fathers, Where Are They? And The Prophets, Do They Live For Ever? de Dave Eggers Kësar MANJOO Mémoire de Master 2 Sous la direction de Monsieur Alain GEOFFROY Professeur des Universités 2017 Your Fathers, Where Are They? And The Prophets, Do They Live Forever? Quant A Vos Pères, Où Sont-ils? Et Quant Aux Prophètes, Ont-ils Vécu Pour Des Temps Indéfinis ? CONTENTS THE AUTHOR 04 THE BOOK 06 SUMMARY OF THE STORY 11 TRANSLATION 18 PREAMBLE TO THE COMMENTARY 101 COMMENTARY Colloquial and idiomatic expressions 107 Spontaneity: a natural urge 121 Get, Got: the “passe-partout” 128 General view 130 CONCLUSION 149 BIBLIOGRAPHY 154 1 Acknowledgements My thanks go to my research master, Mr. Alain Geoffroy, whose advice and encouragements helped me cross the Rubicon. He has always awaited my response in undertaking this adventure. Thanks to him I have experienced something special. Thank you again, Sir. ______________ The numbers appearing in between brackets are the page numbers of my translation. For my work I used a Hamish Hamilton edition of Dave EGGERS’s Your Fathers, Where Are They? And The Prophets, Do They Live Forever? , Great Britain: Penguin Books, 2014. The numbers appearing with the letter B as (B85), for example, are from the book. 2 “Win, the ‘yes’ needs the ‘no’ to win, against the ‘no’.” Jean Pierre Raffarin, 2 nd May 2005 3 THE AUTHOR Dave Eggers was born in Massachusetts on March 12, 1970. He is the author of several works as a writer, an editor, a screenwriter and a publisher. He lost both his parents who died of cancer in their fifties, five weeks apart in 1991 and 1992. He was 21 when he had to look after his brother who was only 8 years old, as his older brother and sister could not shoulder that responsibility. This brought him to write his first book A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius in 2000, a memoir which became a best- seller winning 6 awards amongst his other highly acclaimed works. In 2008, when he obtained the TED Prize for his contributions in encouraging community members at joining local public schools, he was named as one of “50 visionaries who are changing the world.” Your Fathers, Where Are They? And The Prophets, Do They Live Forever?, a novel about America’s place in the world, was published in 2014. The novel was short-listed for the 2016 International Dublin Literary Award. Among his most acclaimed works are What Is The What: The Autobiography Of Valentino Achak Deng , a finalist for the 2006 National Book Critics Circle Award and winner of France’s Prix Médicis, Zeitoun (2009), winner of the American Book Award and the Dayton Literary Peace Prize, A Hologram For The King , finalist for the National Book Award 2012. In 2013 he published The Circle of which a film was made and released in 2017 starring Emma Watson, John Boyega and Tom Hanks. To the same extent, he founded “Mc Sweeney’s”, an independent publishing house, named after his mother’s maiden name, The Believer , a monthly journal edited by his wife Vendela Vida, Wholphin , a quarterly DVD magazine, and Dr. and Mr. Haggis-On-Whey which he writes together with his younger brother under a pseudonym. He is also the author of The Future 4 Dictionary Of America, Created In Darkness By Troubled Americans and The Thinking Fan’s Guide To The World Cup , an essay about the U.S. national soccer team and is likely to be the new editor of The Paris Review . In 2016 he published his sixth novel Heroes Of The Frontier. Furthermore, he has created “826 Valencia”, a non-profit writing and tutoring centre for kids aged 6-18 in San Francisco and has won a $250,000 Heinz Award which he gave to his non- profit organization “826 National” and “The Teacher Salary Project.” 5 THE BOOK Your Fathers, Where Are They? And The Prophets, Do They Live Forever? is particular in itself in the sense that it is written entirely in dialogue form and is composed in a constant questioning, a soul-searching inside a series of duologues, which is quite exceptional with modern English-language writers. With such a mode, the work can be instituted as a step forward to getting the striving reader, who is in search of some sort of incentive in overcoming all apprehension in the reading adventure, involved within the sphere of the English-speaking universe as it is so simple. Keeping track within the context, it can be said that the writer has given reasonable thought about directing his work the way it is presented so that it could, some day or other, be inscribed among the plethora of available bibliographical references, if such is not the case yet. All things considered, and with all proper reserves, such an affirmation should not however be regarded as the writer’s main objective, mind you! We are above all in the presence of a nice fiction. In endorsing what has just been put forward, we can carry on to intimate that through Eggers’s piece of work the reader, without doubt, gets more implicated with the straightforwardness delivered in natural conversation through the medium of impulsive response and retaliation. In pushing our observation further ahead, we should however keep in mind that, at all events, there is no quibbling upon the reader in the process as the same effect is produced whatever the language may be, by the way. The question of the degree of interest the story contains as to the final outcome ought not to be the reader’s main concern. This being said, we could, by all means, validate the fact that, through the work of Dave Eggers, who is also a screenwriter, we are being carried away in live expression, in both the arts form, where physical and expressive talents are required, and on the literary sphere, capable of bringing about special effects, if not 6 really trippy ones, as to role techniques. And what are role techniques other than role play; what is role play other than the natural being; in short, the genuine projection of oneself in society? Into the bargain, I would open a parenthesis to say that the book could be instituted as a landing for the non-native wavering English speaker who is looking out for fluidity and simplicity of expression in the language at a time when, generally speaking, diverse European expressions, mainly English incidentally, are sought in the attempt of establishing diversity and not staying walled up in the communication process; furthermore, there appear to be, should we say, a quest for some related uniformity of expression among the communities standing up in and as, not only the European Union, but also beyond, leading on to other shores with the same stimulus, in a period where multi-lingualism seems to be the trend in this twenty-first century. It unquestionably follows then that, due to globalization, many a time and oft we are, doubtless, getting soaked in some Anglo-Saxon cosmos, principally, - be it on TV, through the internet, on advertising billboards, pamphlets, product denominations and so on and so forth - in our day-to-day discourse inside which anglicist references are making their way all by themselves without seeking anyone’s permission. Consequently, one finds oneself in the process of finding a way out in some foreign expression in one’s endeavor at impressing kith and kin, and subsequently in the attempt at opening oneself up to a larger public to simply discard the feeling of being left out in the modern world, undeterred though by our unyielding will at remaining stout with our own mother tongue globally enough!! This is where the question of honor would also jot in, where pride and self-esteem are at stake. In justification to this statement, we only have to cast a glance at our political leaders beautifully elbowing their way through thick and thin on the international platform to make their effort at seeming issued from the latest batch look more up-to-date and meaningful. Which just goes to 7 show that when you are a politician you only have to say things the way you want, provided you say it and get applauded in your search of scores in the public opinion. Globally speaking and with no joking stuff behind, we know what it is all about when the matter is oriented towards the non-initiated ordinary citizens trying to pave their way through those types of meanders which can’t serve as lessons with regards to their pressing desires at communicating in oral form outside their own environment. It should be specified, however, that oral delivery is often equal to taking the liberty of fending for the best solution for oneself and one’s vis-à- vis in a particular situation at one precise moment provided one makes oneself understood. If words are not available at one particular moment, then gestures or signs take on the relay. What is also foremost in oral communication is that we are face to face with the other person. In such a configuration lots of messages pass on voluntarily or not through the incidence of eye contact or facial expression, in the middle of our wordings, among other means, which would definitely give more significance to what is being said or told as all that have just been said are part and parcel of the oral phenomenon.