Bibliography
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Bibliography Selection of English Translations of Sources and Further Secondary Reading See also full annotations accompanying each chapter. Primary sources Abelard, Peter, Dialogue of a Philosopher with a Jew and a Christian, trans. P. J. Payer, Medieval Sources in Translation, 20 (Toronto, 1979); see also the rendering of the text as Collationes, ed. and trans. J. Marenbon and G. Orlandi, Oxford Medi- eval Texts (Oxford, 2001). Aelred of Rievaulx, On Jesus at the Age of Twelve, trans. Th. Berkeley, in Treatises: The Pastoral Prayer, Cistercian Fathers Series, 2 (Spencer, MA, 1971) pp. 3–39. Anselm of Canterbury, The Prayers and Meditations of St Anselm with the Proslogion, trans. B. Ward (Harmondsworth, 1973). Bernard of Clairvaux, On Loving God, ed. and trans. E. G. Gardner (London, [1916]); On Loving God with an Analytical Commentary by E. Stiegman, Cistercian Fathers Series, 13B (Kalamazoo, MI, 1995). Benton, J. F. (trans.), Self and Society in Medieval France: The Memoirs of Abbot Guibert of Nogent (New York, 1970). Berger, D. (ed. and trans.), The Jewish–Christian Debate in the High Middle Ages: A Critical Edition of the Nizzahon Vetus (Philadelphia, PA, 1979). Chazan, R. (ed.), Church, State and Jew in the Middle Ages (New York, 1980). Edwards, J. (trans. and ed.), The Jews in Western Europe, 1400–1500 (Manchester, 1994). Eidelberg, S. (ed. and trans.), The Jews and the Crusaders: The Hebrew Chronicles of the First and Second Crusades (Madison, WI, 1977). Maccoby, H. (ed. and trans.), Judaism on Trial: Jewish–Christian Disputations in the Middle Ages (Rutherford, NJ, 1982). Resnick, I. M. (trans.), On Original Sin and a Disputation with the Jew, Leo, Concerning the Advent of Christ, the Son of God: Two Theological Treatises of Odo of Tournai (Philadelphia, PA, 1994). William of St Thierry, Enigma of Faith, trans. J. D. Anderson, Cistercian Fathers Series, 9 (Washington, DC, 1974). ——, The Golden Epistle: A Letter to the Brethren at Mont Dieu, trans. Th. Berkeley, Cistercian Fathers Series, 12 (Spencer, MA, 1971). ——, Mirror of Faith, trans. T. X. Davis, Cistercian Fathers Series, 15 (Kalamazoo, MI, 1979). 193 194 Bibliography Secondary Sources Abulafia, A. Sapir, Christians and Jews in Dispute: Disputational Literature and the Rise of Anti-Judaism in the West (c. 1000–1150) (Aldershot, 1998). ——,Christians and Jews in the Twelfth-Century Renaissance (London, 1995). Abulafia, D., Spain and 1492, Headstart History Papers (Bangor, 1992). Brundage, J., Medieval Canon Law and the Crusader (Madison, WI, 1969). Chazan, R., Barcelona and Beyond: The Disputations of 1263 and its Aftermath (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 1992). ——,Daggers of Faith: Thirteenth-Century Christian Missionizing and Jewish Response (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 1989). ——,European Jewry and the First Crusade (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 1987). ——,God, Humanity, and History: The Hebrew First Crusade Narratives (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 2000). ——,Medieval Stereotypes and Modern Antisemitism (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 1997). Cohen, J., The Friars and the Jews: The Evolution of Medieval Anti-Judaism (Ithaca, NY, 1982). ——,Living Letters of the Law: Ideas of the Jew in Medieval Christianity (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 1999). Cohen, M. R., Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages (Princeton, NJ, 1994). Cole, P., The Preaching of the Crusades to the Holy Land, 1095–1270 (Cambridge, MA, 1991). Constable, G., The Reformation of the Twelfth Century (Cambridge, 1996). Dobson, R. B., The Jews of Medieval York and the Massacre of March 1190, Borthwick Papers, no. 45 (York, 1974). Erdmann, C., The Origin of the Idea of Crusade, trans. M. W. Baldwin and W. Goffart (Princeton, NJ, 1977). Jacobs, L., The Jewish Religion: A Companion (Oxford, 1995). Jordan, W. C., The French Monarchy and the Jews: From Philip Augustus to the Last Capetians (Philadelphia, PA, 1989). Katz, J., Exclusiveness and Tolerance: Jewish–Gentile Relations in Medieval and Modern Times ([London], 1961). Klier, J. D., Imperial Russia’s Jewish Question, 1855–1881 (Cambridge, 1995). ——,Russia Gathers her Jews: The Origins of the ‘Jewish Question’ in Russia, 1772– 1825 (DeKalb, IL, 1986). Klier, J. D. and Lambroza, S. (eds), Pogrom: Anti-Jewish Violence in Modern Russian History (Cambridge, 1992). Langmuir, G., History, Religion and Antisemitism (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 1990). ——,Toward a Definition of Antisemitism (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA, 1990). Maier, C. T., Crusade Propaganda and Ideology: Model Sermons for the Preaching of the Cross (Cambridge, 2000). Marcus, I. G., Rituals of Childhood: Jewish Acculturation in Medieval Europe (New Haven, CT, 1996). McCulloh, J. M., ‘Jewish Ritual Murder: William of Norwich, Thomas of Monmouth, and the Early Dissemination of the Myth’, Speculum, 72 (1997) 698–740. Bibliography 195 Nirenberg, D., Communities of Violence: Persecution of Minorities in the Middle Ages (Princeton, NJ, 1996). Riley-Smith, J., The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading (London, 1986). —— , ‘The First Crusade and the Persecution of the Jews’, in W. J. Sheils (ed.), Persecution and Tolerance, Studies in Church History, vol. 21 (Oxford, 1984) pp. 51–72. Rubin, M., Gentile Tales: The Narrative Assault on Late Medieval Jews (New Haven, CT, 1999). Stow, K. R., Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe (Cambridge, MA, 1992). Tolan, J., Petrus Alfonsi and his Medieval Readers (Gainesville, FL, 1993). Trachtenberg, J., The Devil and the Jews: The Medieval Conception of the Jew and its Relation to Modern Antisemitism (New Haven, CT, 1943). Trautner-Kromann, H., Shield and Sword: Jewish Polemics against Christianity and the Christians in France and Spains, 1100–1500 (Tübingen, 1993). Yuval, I. J., ‘Easter and Passover as Early Jewish–Christian Dialogue’ and ‘Passover in the Middle Ages’, in P. F. Bradshaw and L. A. Hoffman (eds), Passover and Easter: Origin and History to Modern Times – Two Liturgical Traditions, vol. 5 (Notre Dame, IN, 1999) pp. 98–124 and 127–60. —— , ’Jews and Christians in the Middle Ages: Shared Myths, Common Language’, in R. S. Wistrich (ed.), Demonizing the Other: Antisemitism, Racism and Xenophobia (Singapore, 1999) pp. 88–107. Index Abdallah (Sultan), 110, 111 Aryan myth, 138 Abulafia, Anna Sapir, viii, xi–xviii, 61–85 Ashkenaz, xvi, 61, 88, 95, 96, 109, Abulafia, David, xii 122, 123 Acre, fall of, 61 Augustine of Hippo, Adam (Abbot of Perseigne), 75–6 holy war, 5 Aelred (Abbot of Rievaulx), 67–9 Judaism and Jews, xiv, 45, 46, Agobard (Archbishop of Lyons), 48, 50, 53, 56, 57, 72, 73, 79, 44, 124 112–13 al-1akim (Caliph), 4, 110, 122, 123 recovering God’s image, 67 Albert of Aachen, 29, 33 Ayala, Baltasar, 184 Albigensian Crusade, 12, 75, 140, 148 Alderman, Geoffrey, viii, xviii, Babylonia, 118 176, 179–83 Badis (Sultan), 110 Alexander II (Pope), 47, 142 Baer, Yitzhak, 126, 127 Alexander II (Tsar of Russia), 159 Baha)is, 174 Alfred the Great (King of Wessex), 141 Baldwin (Archbishop of Almohad persecutions, 110, 121, Canterbury), 75 122, 123, 129 baptism, Ambrose, 141 see also conversion Amir, Yigal, 175 forced, Ashkenaz, 123 Amulo (Archbishop of Lyons), 44 First Crusade (1095–9), 3 Anacletus II (Antipope), 9, 74 France, 4, 145 Andrew, Christopher, viii, xvii–xviii, papacy, 45, 144–5 173–8 refused, 13, 38, 144 Angerstorfer, Andreas, 90 religious violence, 144–6 Anselm (Archbishop of Canterbury), 62 reversion, 30, 47, 144, 145 anti-Judaism, Rhineland persecutions (1096), 11, see also Jews, accusations against, 26, 30, 31, 32, 34, 38, 46, 143 and society sacrament, 144, 145 blood libel see blood libels/ritual Saxons, 141 murder accusations second Crusade of the Shepherds Britain, 179–80, 182 (1320), 4, 145 murder see ritual murder accusations validity, 144–5 persecution see persecutions Baron, Salo W., 107 pogroms see pograms Baruc, Jean, 145 Rhineland see Rhineland Bavaria, persecutions, 3 persecutions (1096) Beguine movement, 140 Antichrist, 66 Benedictines, 69, 75 antisemitism, xvi, 110, 130, 157, Berger, David, 73 166, 167, 176, 179–80, 182 Bernard (Abbot of Clairvaux), xiv, 3, Arabia, 113, 117 14, 16, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 69, 72, Aristotle, 55 73, 74, 149 Armenians, 128 Bernold of St Blaise, 29 196 Index 197 Bible, Cairo Geniza, 117, 122 Hebrew text, 111, 113, 114 Calixtus II (Pope), 142, 144, 149 Mosaic law, 54–7, 65, 112 Cathars, 9, 140, 148 New Testament, 6, 77, 78, 112, Charlemagne, 141 114, 153 Charles III (the Simple) (Frankish Old Testament, 6, 77, 78, 111, 112, King), 142 113, 114 Chazan, Robert, ix, xiii, xiv, 21–43 Septuagint, 113 Children’s Crusade (1212), 12 Black Death (1348–50), 87, 152 Christian society, anti-Judaism, xiv, Blois, ritual murder accusations 11, 48, 49, 51, 66 (1171), 88, 89, 90, 93 Christianity, blood libels/ritual murder Catholicism, 121, 123, 125, 148 accusations, xv, 44, 75, 89–90, Celtic, 140 93, 125, 141, 150–2 clergy, 76–7 as sacrifice, 96, 98, 99 conversion see conversion Bacharach, 99 Cur Deus-homo, 62 Blois (1171), 88, 89, 90, 93 eschatology, 77, 78 Frederick II, 89, 151 Eucharist see Eucharist Fulda (1235), 89, 93, 151 Jerusalem, 67–8, 76 Jewish reactions, xv, 86–102 lack of uniformity, 140 Lincoln, 99, 150 loving God, 64–5, 69–71, 72–3 Mainz (1187), 89 New Israel, 112, 113 Munich (1285), 92, 98 reason, 62–5 Norwich , 93, 99, 150 religious centralization, 142 Ottoman Empire, 130 religious micro-climates, 140 papacy, 57, 151, 152 religious reform, 61, 65–80 Passover, 89, 92, 93, 101 Roman empire, 111–12, 148 Pontypridd (1903), 176, 181 sacraments, 144 Prague, 87 salvation, concept,