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SIR WALTER SCOTT and RES MEDICA

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SIR WALTER SCOTT and RES MEDICA SIR WALTER SCOTT and RES MEDICA. In the preceding paper Dr Robert Hutchison gives an account of the illnesses of Sir Walter Scott in infancy and boyhood, and also in later life. In this essay I shall deal with other matters in the wide sphere of medicine and life > with Scott's views upon the care of health, upon illness and death; and with his general attitude to doctors and the practice of medicine. Scott once said of his own review of Pepys' Diary?" The subject is like a good sirloin, and requires only to be basted with its own drippings." The present subject will be best treated in this way, by stringing together Scott's own scattered observations, from his Journal, his novels and miscellaneous writings, and from Lockhart's Life. As regards health, Scott's life falls into definite periods; hlS and infancy boyhood chequered by serious illness ; a long stretch of splendid health until middle age ; a series of attacks of biliaO7 colic between 1817 and 1819; then, after a short interval, a slo^ but steady decline until the end, and, in the middle of this fina period of broken health, the crash of his bankruptcy in 1826. Between 1786, when he had the last serious illness of hlS boyhood at the age of fifteen, and 1817 when his excruciating " " spasms of the stomach and diaphragm (biliary colic) bega11' Scott enjoyed perfect health hardly broken by occasional nervou 0 headaches, of which he himself says nothing. His treatment h these, on the advice of his physician, was to alter his rule of ^ giving up study and writing late at and up night, getting a five in the morning to begin his daily literary task. He had magnificent constitution, and great strength and activity of bo /? In spite of his lameness, he was a bold rider, a daring climbed and a tireless walker. He loved the open air, and in Ashiestiel days spent the afternoons in field sports, in coursi and riding, and walking. His small writing cabinet Abbotsford was the sunniest room in the house. Lockn speaks of "his love of a bright light," and adds "it was alway^'e I suspect, against the grain with him when he did not in ^ work at his desk with the sun full upon him." It was morning hours that his fancy, memory and inspiration ^ ,, " at the ; and he used to say, Aurora musis highest pitch ' He even believed that at this time, between waking and break Dl his physical powers were at their best. Thus, from his 486 Sir Walter Scott and Res Medica "The half hour between waking and rising has all my life Proved propitious to any task which was exercising my invention. When I got over any difficulty in a story, or have had in former times to fill up a passage in a poem, it was always when I first ?pened my eyes that the desired ideas thronged upon me. This so much the case that I am in the habit of relying upon it and saying to myself when I am at a loss, 'Never mind! we shall have it at seven o'clock to-morrow morning.' If I have forgot a circumstance or a name or a copy of verses, it is the same thing. I think the first hour in the morning is also favourable to the bodily strength. Among other feats when 1 Was a young man, I was able at times to lift a smith's anvil with one hand by what is called the horn?that projecting piece ?f iron on which things are beaten to turn them round. But 1 could only do this before breakfast." He enjoyed every kind of weather, foul as well as fair, and c?uld not be kept indoors by rain, snow, or thunder; and this habit of his youth and prime he kept to obstinately in the later years of broken health. In his Diary, ioth December 1826, ^Ve have this: "A stormy and rainy day. Walked from the Court through the rain. I don't dislike this. Egad, I rather it, for no man that ever stepped on heather has less dread than I of the catch-cold ; and I seem to regain in buffeting ^Vlth the wind a little of the high spirit with which in younger days I used to enjoy a Tam O'Shanter ride through darkness, Wlnd ancj rajn> the boughs groaning and cracking over my head, good horse free to the road and impatient for home and feeling the weather as little as I did." These were the years " Avhen rheumatism had clawed him in its clutch," and yet he recklessly exposed himself to inclement weather, coming home the Parliament House "encrusted with snow," or through ^r?ma of rain." in his reads: ( dense inspissation Again, 1827 Diary Wrote till twelve: then out upon the heights (at Abbotsford) ^?ugh the day was stormy, and faced the gale bravely. Tom urdie was not with me: he would have obliged me to keep sheltered ground. There is a touch of the old spirit in 1116 yet, that bids me brave the tempest." . his years of sound health, he had his share of trivial the common cold and the like. In a letter to Miss ^llments,aillie in 1823 he writes, "When I was subject a little to sore r?ats, I cured myself of that tendency by sponging my throat, reast and shoulders every morning with the coldest water I 487 Charles M'Neil could get; but this is rather a horse-remedy, though I still keep up the practice." The phrase "horse-remedy" allows the introduction of Scott's views upon drugs and drugging. In his later life he had much experience of these, and seems to have taken with passive obedience the medicines prescribed by his physicians. But from youth to age he was against the indiscriminate use of drugs, and the unnecessary resort to doctors. Thus in The Surgeon's Daughter, he speaks of Middlemas and its doctor, " Gideon Gray: There the mothers of the state never make a point of pouring in the course of the revolving year a certain quantity of doctors' stuff through the bowels of their beloved children. Every old woman, from the Townhead to the Townfit> can prescribe a dose of salts, or spread a plaster; and it is only when a fever or a palsy renders matters serious, that the assist- ance of the doctor is invoked by his neighbours in the borough- " In youth he writes of a companion, as moping about some watering place and deluging his guts with specifics of every kind"; and at a much later date he says of his own mother " with gentle criticism : I saw my mother on the same occasion, admirably well indeed. She is greatly better than this time two years, when she rather quacked herself a little too much. There is excuse for Scott's mother, she was a Rutherford, and her father and brother both eminent in the Faculty of Medicine at Edinburgh. But from his father's side he learnt a different lesson: at his grandfather's farm Sandy Knowe, as a mere infant, he had had experience of various "horse-remedies applied for his lameness, and there was also in that house- hold a very hearty contempt for drugs. One of "the Sandy an Knowe bairns" was Thomas Scott (young Walter's uncle) a marginal entry by Scott himself on one of the Abbotsfoi" books runs as follows: "The said Thomas Scott died at Monk' his . life and of all law ., in the 90th year of his fully possessed faculties. When barks and tonics were given him during his last illness, he privately spat them into his handkerclne saying, as he had lived all his life without taking doctors' drugs> he wished to die without doing so." Again: "News fr0lf luC Sophia (his daughter, Mrs Lockhart). She has had the to get an anti-druggist in a Dr Gooch, who prescribes care f?^ Johnnie instead of drugs, and a little home brewed ale instea " y> of wine." And this last has quite a modern sound. Last my fair correspondent insisted I was a lover of speculation' 488 Sir Walter Scott and Res Medica and would be much profited by going shares in a patent Medicine which she had invented for the benefit of little babes. I dreaded to have anything to do with such a Herod-like affair, and begged to decline." Scott had brought his self-mastery, both of mind and of k?dy, to a high pitch by long and deliberate practice. There are scattered sentences from the Journal which show this " Nearly. From childhood's earliest hour my heart rebelled against the influence of external circumstances in myself or others." "Indeed I do not like to have it thought that there ls any way in which I can be beaten." "June 30th 1826? ;vas detained in Court till four: dreadfully close, and obliged to drink water for refreshment, which formerly I used to scorn, eVen in the moors, with a burning August sun, the heat of e*ercise and a hundred streams gushing around me." He was a stoic and a Roman, not only in extreme physical pain, but ev^n in bitterest grief." How strong and tender his feelings ^ere, was shown very rarely in public; although at the open ?rave of his dearest friend, William Erskine, his self-control ^aye way and he wept openly and without restraint. But the J^lrnal, begun just before his bankruptcy and the death of ady Scott, lays bare the strength of his feelings as well as e ^on hardness of his courage.
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