Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD
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Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) Whitchurch Public Consultation Draft Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) 2019 This Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan has been prepared by Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council and adopted as a Supplementary Planning Document (SPD). This SPD supersedes the 2003 Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG). Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD Page 2 Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 5 1.1 Background 5 1.2 Effect of conservation area designation 6 1.3 Statement of significance 6 2.0 ASSESSING SPECIAL INTEREST 13 2.1 Location, topography and setting 13 2.2 Origins and historic development 13 2.3 Archaeology 20 2.4 Architectural quality and built form 21 2.5 Views and vistas 21 2.6 Green Infrastructure, open space and trees 23 3.0 CHARACTER AREAS 25 3.1 Overview 25 3.2 Character area 1 – Historic Core 25 3.3 Character area 2 – Church and Environs 39 3.4 Character area 3 – River Test Environs 47 3.5 Character area 4 – Lynch Hill and London Road Gateway 55 4.0 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL CONCLUSIONS 63 5.0 CONSERVATION AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN 64 Page 3 Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD APPENDIX 1: Glossary 71 APPENDIX 2: Appraisal Map Separate document APPENDIX 3: Historic Whitchurch maps 1870-1880 75 APPENDIX 4: Historic Whitchurch maps 1895-1896 77 APPENDIX 5: Historic Whitchurch maps 1910-1911 79 APPENDIX 6: Planning policy context summary and compliance table 81 APPENDIX 7: Areas of Archaeological Potential map 92 Page 4 Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD 1.0 INTRODUCTION the conservation area management plan at was subsequently extended in 1987. The Section 5.0, which will assist in the positive most recent 2003 Whitchurch Conservation management of change. Area Appraisal has been superseded by this 1.1 Background This appraisal and management plan SPD. This appraisal identifies, describes and Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) is Having designated the conservation area, illustrates features and characteristics of the a material consideration in the determination the Local Authority has a statutory duty, historic settlement which justify its of planning applications. under the Planning (Listed Buildings and designation as a conservation area. This SPD is National Planning Policy Conservation Areas) Act 1990, to ensure that with respect to any buildings or other The SPD accords with the current policy Framework (NPPF) compliant and accords land within a conservation area, in the framework and is written in the light of with the Development Plan, including the exercise of relevant functions under the Historic England advice. made Whitchurch Neighbourhood Plan. Appendix 6 gives details on planning policy Planning Acts, special attention is paid to the Qualities or elements which contribute to the compliance, including reference to the 2004 desirability of preserving or enhancing the special interest of the conservation area are Whitchurch Design Statement. character or appearance of that area. defined and analysed. Definition and The Borough Council is also under a legal analysis can include less tangible aspects of The Whitchurch Conservation Area was duty to assess its conservation areas and place such as vitality, tranquillity, noise, originally designated by Basingstoke and review them from time to time. openness, enclosure and light. Deane Borough Council in 1978, in recognition of the special architectural and Where buildings, structures or landscape The appraisal forms the evidence base for historic interest of the town. The boundary features have not been described in this appraisal, they may yet make a positive contribution to the character and “Conservation areas can be created where a local planning appearance of the conservation area. authority identifies an area of special architectural and historic interest, which deserves careful management to A glossary of technical and unusual terms is protect that character”. at Appendix 1. www.historicengland.org.uk/advice/planning/conservation- areas Page 5 Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD 1.2 Effect of 3. River Test Environs; and 4. Lynch Hill and London Road Gateway. conservation area These are shown on the conservation area Appraisal Map appended at designation Appendix 2. Each area is analysed in greater detail in Certain types of development are currently Section 3 below. controlled by conservation area designation. This Section relates to the assessment of Please refer to www.planningportal.co.uk for the conservation area as a whole. more details. Key contributors to and determinants of the Certain permitted development rights are significance of the entire conservation area removed by conservation area designation. include those listed below. Trees within the conservation area are given Location, topography and setting special protection, and normally, the council Whitchurch lies in the valley of the will need to be notified before pruning or River Test running along its floor. Land felling any tree within the conservation area. to the south of the river is relatively Please refer to flat, whilst land to the north rises www.basingstoke.gov.uk/protectedtrees for Figure 1. Map of Whitchurch Conservation steeply up an escarpment to the main more details. Area (in bright green) and the North Wessex railway line. AONB (in khaki green) which lies to the north 1.3 Statement of and west of the town. Crown copyright and The chalk downs to the north and west database rights 2017 Ordnance Survey Significance of the town are protected as part of the Licence No 100019356 The conservation area has been broken North Wessex Downs Area of down into four character areas: Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), 1. Historic Core; (Figure 1). 2. Church and Environs; Page 6 Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD The River Test and its banks are development, and former and current medieval burgage plots, which were laid protected as a Site of Special Scientific uses. This subject is explored further in out in the 13th century, are still legible in Interest (SSSI) forming a tree-lined relation to each character area, below. this character area, with houses fronting wildlife corridor through the town, which the street and long, narrow strips of land is an essential component of the The Town Square and the area around to the rear. A burgage plot frontage tends character and appearance of the the Silk Mill contribute to the strong to be narrow as this is the most conservation area. sense of place and identity of accessible and, therefore, most valuable Whitchurch. part of the plot. The long narrow burgage The dismantled Didcot, Newbury and plots in Whitchurch are visible on the Southampton Railway (DNSR) lies to the Concentration of historic buildings Ordnance Survey map of 1895-1896 west of Whitchurch, and the operational There is a high concentration of (Figure 2 and on the Medieval Plan South Western Railway line lies to the historic buildings within the Historic Elements map, Figure 6), below. north, running east-west on the edge of Core Character Area and there are the settlement, linking Whitchurch to clusters of historic buildings in the Salisbury and the southwest and to outer character areas: many such Basingstoke and London. buildings are listed. High quality, historic buildings identified as The A34 main road linking Oxford to Notable Structures in the Winchester, runs north-south past conservation area and Buildings of Whitchurch. The raised A34 Local Interest (BOLIs) sit alongside embankment forms part of the the listed buildings. southwestern boundary of the conservation area. Urban grain/Built Layout The Historic Core Character Area, Figure 2. Ordnance Survey 1895-1896 Hierarchy of Spaces focused on the Town Square, has a Whitchurch. Licence No 100019356 There is a distinct hierarchy of spaces, relatively tight urban grain i.e. buildings reflecting historic phases of are grouped closely together. Many Page 7 Whitchurch Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan SPD The Lynch Hill and London Road Silk Mill, and the Winchester Road car still legible, although some have been Gateway Character Area has a relatively park. These IOSs allow an appreciation subdivided and their original layout tight urban grain, on steeply rising land. of the river valley setting. The interplay eroded. Evidence of burgage plots is This urban grain has contributed to an of water, vegetation and historic found in retained boundary walls and in interesting, well-defined and varied buildings also contributes positively to housing built along the length of the townscape, with a largely consistent the special interest of the conservation plots, for example, at Laundry Yard, building line along the main area. Riverside and Pages Yard. Belgrave thoroughfares. Cottages are situated to the rear of a Enclosure burgage plot. A looser-knit urban grain/built layout is There is a strong sense of enclosure in evident in the Church and Environs and and around the Historic Core Character Many plots in The Lynch Hill and the River Test Environs Character Area and in the Lynch Hill and London London Road Gateway Character Area Areas, which are characterised by Road Gateway Character Area, with are irregular in shape to accommodate large