“SHOULD SOUTH INDIANS LEARN HINDI? WHY OR WHY NOT?” (An Internet Discussion Analysis)*
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Honorificity, Indexicality and Their Interaction in Magahi
SPEAKER AND ADDRESSEE IN NATURAL LANGUAGE: HONORIFICITY, INDEXICALITY AND THEIR INTERACTION IN MAGAHI BY DEEPAK ALOK A dissertation submitted to the School of Graduate Studies Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Linguistics Written under the direction of Mark Baker and Veneeta Dayal and approved by New Brunswick, New Jersey October, 2020 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Speaker and Addressee in Natural Language: Honorificity, Indexicality and their Interaction in Magahi By Deepak Alok Dissertation Director: Mark Baker and Veneeta Dayal Natural language uses first and second person pronouns to refer to the speaker and addressee. This dissertation takes as its starting point the view that speaker and addressee are also implicated in sentences that do not have such pronouns (Speas and Tenny 2003). It investigates two linguistic phenomena: honorification and indexical shift, and the interactions between them, andshow that these discourse participants have an important role to play. The investigation is based on Magahi, an Eastern Indo-Aryan language spoken mainly in the state of Bihar (India), where these phenomena manifest themselves in ways not previously attested in the literature. The phenomena are analyzed based on the native speaker judgements of the author along with judgements of one more native speaker, and sometimes with others as the occasion has presented itself. Magahi shows a rich honorification system (the encoding of “social status” in grammar) along several interrelated dimensions. Not only 2nd person pronouns but 3rd person pronouns also morphologically mark the honorificity of the referent with respect to the speaker. -
Androgynous Pariahs Gender Transformations and Politics of Culture in the North Indian Folk Theater Svāṅg
Karan Singh Government College for Women, Haryana, India Androgynous Pariahs Gender Transformations and Politics of Culture in the North Indian Folk Theater Svāṅg Theater in general and so-called “folk” theater forms in particular transpose derivative behavioral patterns onto performers by arranging them spatially within a circumscribed area. This power of theater to transform a person from his familiar, normative life to an altered “persona,” temporally and spatially, lingers on with the performer, individually as well as collectively, even when outside of the performance arena. At the same time, however, even while on the stage, a performer is never really an individual in the sense of having a dis- tinct consciousness, for he carries with him a considerable amount of baggage based on gender, caste, and other cultural determinants prominent within the Indian social sphere. While utilizing his dramatic capacity to transform his individual self into another being on stage, performance confers on the actor an opportunity to transcend social and gender boundaries. The present article seeks to understand the role played by ontological transformations and dis- guises as factors responsible for cultural condemnation of a well-known form of folk theater called svāṅg, due to the challenge it poses to the structural view of life undertaken by cultural purists as stable and fixed, particularly in the case of gender and social identities. At the same time it traces the genesis of opprobrium on folk theater as low-caste or low-class activity, resulting -
Daniel Rosehill Blog Daniel Rosehill Blog Linux, Writing, and More
7/6/2020 How to Extract Your Data From Quora and Reddit | Daniel Rosehill Blog Daniel Rosehill Blog Linux, writing, and more M E N U 6 IYYAR 5780 EDIT How to Extract Your Data From Quora and Reddit Topics: backups, Data, Data governance, Data portability, Reddit Thank you, GDPR! For years, I have been what you might call a backup fanac. I back up my operang system, my VMs, and my hosng — all regularly. This is all fairly easy and can be parally automated. But when it comes to smaller cloud services, I have to rely on manual methods. That’s things like Todoist, cloud-hosted password managers, and everything that isn’t a big monolith with an easy export funconality like G Suite. Two services had always proven troublesome in this respect, however: Quora and Reddit. https://www.danielrosehill.co.il/myblog/how-to-extract-your-data-from-quora-and-reddit/ 1/9 7/6/2020 How to Extract Your Data From Quora and Reddit | Daniel Rosehill Blog Yes, there are GitHub-hosted projects aplenty promising to scrape data from both (like this project) — but a nave funconality is obviously always preferable — both technically and from a reliability perspecve. And last me I checked none of the Quora scrapers worked. So … I’m pleased to report that aer a lile bit of digging I am pleased to have discovered a way to back up both services. Neither company provides convenient backup funconalies that the user can administer themselves (as Facebook, Medium, Twier, and LinkedIn all do). But what can I say — people begging for copies of their own data can’t be choosers. -
Cloud Down Impacts on the US Economy 02
Emerging Risk Report 2018 Technology Cloud Down Impacts on the US economy 02 Lloyd’s of London disclaimer About Lloyd’s Lloyd's is the world's specialist insurance and This report has been co-produced by Lloyd's and AIR reinsurance market. Under our globally trusted name, for general information purposes only. While care has we act as the market's custodian. Backed by diverse been taken in gathering the data and preparing the global capital and excellent financial ratings, Lloyd's report Lloyd's does not make any representations or works with a global network to grow the insured world – warranties as to its accuracy or completeness and building resilience of local communities and expressly excludes to the maximum extent permitted by strengthening global economic growth. law all those that might otherwise be implied. With expertise earned over centuries, Lloyd's is the Lloyd's accepts no responsibility or liability for any loss foundation of the insurance industry and the future of it. or damage of any nature occasioned to any person as a Led by expert underwriters and brokers who cover more result of acting or refraining from acting as a result of, or than 200 territories, the Lloyd’s market develops the in reliance on, any statement, fact, figure or expression essential, complex and critical insurance needed to of opinion or belief contained in this report. This report underwrite human progress. does not constitute advice of any kind. About AIR Worldwide © Lloyd’s 2018 All rights reserved AIR Worldwide (AIR) provides risk modeling solutions that make individuals, businesses, and society more AIR disclaimer resilient to extreme events. -
Minority Languages in India
Thomas Benedikter Minority Languages in India An appraisal of the linguistic rights of minorities in India ---------------------------- EURASIA-Net Europe-South Asia Exchange on Supranational (Regional) Policies and Instruments for the Promotion of Human Rights and the Management of Minority Issues 2 Linguistic minorities in India An appraisal of the linguistic rights of minorities in India Bozen/Bolzano, March 2013 This study was originally written for the European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Institute for Minority Rights, in the frame of the project Europe-South Asia Exchange on Supranational (Regional) Policies and Instruments for the Promotion of Human Rights and the Management of Minority Issues (EURASIA-Net). The publication is based on extensive research in eight Indian States, with the support of the European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano and the Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group, Kolkata. EURASIA-Net Partners Accademia Europea Bolzano/Europäische Akademie Bozen (EURAC) – Bolzano/Bozen (Italy) Brunel University – West London (UK) Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität – Frankfurt am Main (Germany) Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group (India) South Asian Forum for Human Rights (Nepal) Democratic Commission of Human Development (Pakistan), and University of Dhaka (Bangladesh) Edited by © Thomas Benedikter 2013 Rights and permissions Copying and/or transmitting parts of this work without prior permission, may be a violation of applicable law. The publishers encourage dissemination of this publication and would be happy to grant permission. -
The Journal the Music Academy
ISSN. 0970-3101 THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. LX 1989 *ra im rfra era faw ifa s i r ? ii ''I dwell not,in Vaikuntha, nor in the hearts of Yogins nor in the Sun; (but) where my bhaktas sing, there be I, Narada!" Edited by: T. S. PARTHASARATHY The Music Academy Madras 306, T. T. K. Road, Madras-600014 Annual Subscription — Inland Rs. 20 : Foreign $ 3-00 OURSELVES This Journal is published as an Annual. All correspondence relating to the Journal should be addressed and all books etc., intended for it should be sent to The Editor, Journal of the Music Academy, 306, T. T. K. Road, Madras-600 014. Articles on music and dance are accepted for publication on the understanding that they are contributed solely to the Journal of the Music Academy. Manuscripts should be legibly written or, preferably, type written (double-spaced and on one side of the paper only) and should be signed by the writter (giving his or her address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible for the views expressed by contributors in their articles. CONTENTS Pages The 62nd Madras Music Conference - Official Report 1-64 The Bhakta and External Worship (Sri Tyagaraja’s Utsava Sampradaya Songs) Dr. William J. Jackson 65-91 Rhythmic Analysis of Some Selected Tiruppugazh Songs Prof. Trichy Sankaran (Canada) 92-102 Saugita Lakshana Prachina Paddhati 7. S. Parthasarathy & P. K. Rajagopa/a Iyer 103-124 Indian Music on the March 7. S. -
The British Learning of Hindustani
The British Learning of Hindustani Tariq Rahman The British considered Hindustani, an urban language of north India, the lingua franca of the whole country. They associated it with (easy) Urdu and not modern, or Sanskritized, Hindi. They learned it to exercise power and, because of that, were not careful of mastering the polite usages of the language or its grammar. The British perceptions of the language spread it widely throughout India, especially the urban areas, making it much more widespread than it was when they had arrived. Moreover, their tilt towards Urdu associated it with the Muslims and the language was officially discarded in favour of Hindi in India after independence. The literature of Anglo-India (used here in the earlier sense for the British in India and not for those born of marriages between Europeans and Indians as it came to be understood later) is full of words from Hindustani (also called Urdu by some authors). Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936) can hardly be enjoyed unless one is provided with a glossary of these words and even then the authenticity of the experience of the raj is lost in the translation and the interpretation. Many of those who had been in India used words of Hindustani as an identity marker. According to Ivor Lewis, author of a dictionary of Anglo-Indian words: They [the Hindustani words] could not have been much used except (with fading relevance) among a declining number of 20 Pakistan Vision Vol. 8 No. 2 retired Anglo-Indians in the evening of their lives spent in their salubrious English compounds and cantonments. -
Classification of Insincere Questions Using SGD Optimization and SVM
Classification of Insincere Questions using SGD Optimization and SVM Classifiers Akshaya Ranganathan, Haritha Ananthakrishnan, Thenmozhi D, Chandrabose Aravindan Department of CSE, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai fakshaya16009,[email protected] ftheni d, [email protected] Abstract. The burgeoning of online question and answer forums like Quora, Stack Overflow, etc. has helped answer millions of questions across the globe. However, this also simultaneously engendered the prob- lem of Insincere Questions. Insincere questions are those that have a nonneutral undertone with no intention of seeking useful answers. The Classification of Insincere Questions task at FIRE 2019 did not just fo- cus on binary classification of insincere questions, but went a step further and introduced a fine-grained classification of 6 labels, namely: rhetorical, hate speech, sexual content, hypothetical, other and sincere questions. The solution offered by SSN NLP used a 2 level approach. The funda- mental level comprised of SGD optimized SVM Classification model. In addition to this, the corpus was filtered based on frequently occurring, relevant keywords. This approach produced an accuracy of 48% Keywords: Classification · Insincere Questions · SVM Classifier · SGD Optimizer · Relevant Keywords 1 1 Introduction With millions of questions being asked daily across myriad Q & A platforms, there is a pressing need to eliminate redundant and potentially dangerous in- sincere questions. The sheer volume of questions asked every single day makes it a mammoth task for human moderators. Question forums such as Quora, Stack Overflow and Yahoo Answers used to deploy methods to manually weed out such insincere questions before the advent of Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing. -
Mapping India's Language and Mother Tongue Diversity and Its
Mapping India’s Language and Mother Tongue Diversity and its Exclusion in the Indian Census Dr. Shivakumar Jolad1 and Aayush Agarwal2 1FLAME University, Lavale, Pune, India 2Centre for Social and Behavioural Change, Ashoka University, New Delhi, India Abstract In this article, we critique the process of linguistic data enumeration and classification by the Census of India. We map out inclusion and exclusion under Scheduled and non-Scheduled languages and their mother tongues and their representation in state bureaucracies, the judiciary, and education. We highlight that Census classification leads to delegitimization of ‘mother tongues’ that deserve the status of language and official recognition by the state. We argue that the blanket exclusion of languages and mother tongues based on numerical thresholds disregards the languages of about 18.7 million speakers in India. We compute and map the Linguistic Diversity Index of India at the national and state levels and show that the exclusion of mother tongues undermines the linguistic diversity of states. We show that the Hindi belt shows the maximum divergence in Language and Mother Tongue Diversity. We stress the need for India to officially acknowledge the linguistic diversity of states and make the Census classification and enumeration to reflect the true Linguistic diversity. Introduction India and the Indian subcontinent have long been known for their rich diversity in languages and cultures which had baffled travelers, invaders, and colonizers. Amir Khusru, Sufi poet and scholar of the 13th century, wrote about the diversity of languages in Northern India from Sindhi, Punjabi, and Gujarati to Telugu and Bengali (Grierson, 1903-27, vol. -
Security Failures 7 Iot Security Challenges 6 Iot Good Security Practices
Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices Internet of Things Security Oskar Wieczorek Institute of Computer Science, University of Wroclaw December 12, 2018 Oskar Wieczorek Internet of Things { Security Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices Agenda Oskar Wieczorek Internet of Things { Security Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices 1 Agenda 2 7 IoT security failures 3 7 IoT security challenges 4 6 IoT good security practices Oskar Wieczorek Internet of Things { Security Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices 7 IoT security failures Oskar Wieczorek Internet of Things { Security Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices 7 IoT security failures 1. Dyn cyberattack Oskar Wieczorek Internet of Things { Security DDoS attack on systems operated by DNS provider Dyn accomplished by requests from IoT devices botnet that had been infected with the Mirai malware Anonymous and New World Hackers (?), "an angry gamer" (Forbes), "script kiddies" (FlashPoint) Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices 7 IoT security failures 1. Dyn cyberattack October 21, 2016 Oskar Wieczorek Internet of Things { Security accomplished by requests from IoT devices botnet that had been infected with the Mirai malware Anonymous and New World Hackers (?), "an angry gamer" (Forbes), "script kiddies" (FlashPoint) Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices 7 IoT security failures 1. Dyn cyberattack October 21, 2016 DDoS attack on systems operated by DNS provider Dyn Oskar Wieczorek Internet of Things { Security Anonymous and New World Hackers (?), "an angry gamer" (Forbes), "script kiddies" (FlashPoint) Agenda 7 IoT security failures 7 IoT security challenges 6 IoT good security practices 7 IoT security failures 1. -
Languages of New York State Is Designed As a Resource for All Education Professionals, but with Particular Consideration to Those Who Work with Bilingual1 Students
TTHE LLANGUAGES OF NNEW YYORK SSTATE:: A CUNY-NYSIEB GUIDE FOR EDUCATORS LUISANGELYN MOLINA, GRADE 9 ALEXANDER FFUNK This guide was developed by CUNY-NYSIEB, a collaborative project of the Research Institute for the Study of Language in Urban Society (RISLUS) and the Ph.D. Program in Urban Education at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, and funded by the New York State Education Department. The guide was written under the direction of CUNY-NYSIEB's Project Director, Nelson Flores, and the Principal Investigators of the project: Ricardo Otheguy, Ofelia García and Kate Menken. For more information about CUNY-NYSIEB, visit www.cuny-nysieb.org. Published in 2012 by CUNY-NYSIEB, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, NY, NY 10016. [email protected]. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Alexander Funk has a Bachelor of Arts in music and English from Yale University, and is a doctoral student in linguistics at the CUNY Graduate Center, where his theoretical research focuses on the semantics and syntax of a phenomenon known as ‘non-intersective modification.’ He has taught for several years in the Department of English at Hunter College and the Department of Linguistics and Communications Disorders at Queens College, and has served on the research staff for the Long-Term English Language Learner Project headed by Kate Menken, as well as on the development team for CUNY’s nascent Institute for Language Education in Transcultural Context. Prior to his graduate studies, Mr. Funk worked for nearly a decade in education: as an ESL instructor and teacher trainer in New York City, and as a gym, math and English teacher in Barcelona. -
Artifacts and Representations of North Indian Art Music [*Ecompanion At
Oral Tradition, 20/1 (2005): 130-157 Shellac, Bakelite, Vinyl, and Paper: Artifacts and Representations of North Indian Art Music [*eCompanion at www.oraltradition.org] Lalita du Perron and Nicolas Magriel Introduction Short songs in dialects of Hindi are the basis for improvisation in all the genres of North Indian classical vocal music. These songs, bandiśes, constitute a central pillar of North Indian culture, spreading well beyond the geographic frontiers of Hindi itself. Songs are significant as being the only aspect of North Indian music that is “fixed” and handed down via oral tradition relatively intact. They are regarded as the core of Indian art music because they encapsulate the melodic structures upon which improvisation is based. In this paper we aim to look at some issues raised by the idiosyncrasies of written representations of songs as they has occurred within the Indian cultural milieu, and then at issues that have emerged in the course of our own ongoing efforts to represent khyāl songs from the perspectives of somewhat “insidish outsiders.” Khyāl, the focus of our current research, has been the prevalent genre of vocal music in North India for some 200 years. Khyāl songs are not defined by written representations, but are transmitted orally, committed to memory, and re-created through performance. A large component of our current project1 has been the transcription of 430 songs on the basis of detailed listening to commercial recordings that were produced during the period 1903-75, aspiring to a high degree of faithfulness to the details of specific performance instances. The shellac, bakelite, and vinyl records with 1 An AHRB-funded (Arts and Humanities Research Board) project, “Songs of North Indian Art Music” (SNIAM), carried out by the two authors in the Department of Music at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS).