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African Region © 2020 UCLG 2019 The Localization of the Global Agendas How local action is transforming territories and communities African region © 2020 UCLG The right of UCLG to be identified as author of the editorial material, and of the individual authors as authors of their contributions, has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. United Cities and Local Governments Cités et Gouvernements Locaux Unis Ciudades y Gobiernos Locales Unidos Avinyó 15 08002 Barcelona www.uclg.org DISCLAIMERS The terms used concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development do not necessarily reflect the opinion of United Cities and Local Governments. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of this report do not necessarily reflect the views of all the members of United Cities and Local Governments. This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of UCLG and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. This document has been financed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida. Sida does not necessarily share the views expressed in this material. Responsibility for its content rests entirely with the author. Graphic design and lay-out: www.ggrafic.com Cover photos: Xiaojun Deng (bit.ly/2M26fCD), © Ainara Fernández Tortosa, Christopher Rose (bit.ly/2Mus3Gi), William Murphy (t.ly/0X6jX), formatbrain, (bit.ly/2AWQart), AlejandroVN (bit. ly/2M4hk6e), lawrence’s lenses (bit.ly/2AZkodB) and Denys Nevozhai (t.ly/2W0Ad). All pictures published under Creative Commons licence. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/). Some rights reserved. 2 GOLD V REGIONAL REPORT The Localization of the Global Agendas How local action is transforming territories and communities The GOLD V Regional Report on Africa Edited by UCLG and UCLG Africa GOLD V REGIONAL REPORT —— AFRICA 3 Content Preliminary remarks Editorial board Credits 00 Abbreviations and acronyms Foreword Background: Why SDG localization? Introduction: The African region 01 Page 17 National and local institutional frameworks for the implementation of the SDGs 02 Page 20 2.1 National institutional frameworks 2.2 Local and regional governments’ institutional frameworks in the region 2.3 Intergovernmental relations The contribution of local and regional governments to the localization of the SDGs 03 Page 48 3.1 Role of local government associations and local and regional government networks in the localization of the SDGs 3.2 Local and regional government efforts to align the 2030 Agenda with local policies 3.3 Local and regional government-driven initiatives to localize the SDGs Conclusions and policy recommendations: the state of SDG localization in Africa 04 Page 68 Policy recommendations at the global level 05 Page 74 Notes Page 82 06 Bibliography Page 88 4 GOLD V REGIONAL REPORT Editorial board Credits Coordination Sylvia Croese, Researcher, African Centre for Edgardo Bilsky Cities, University of Cape Town, South Africa Luc Aldon Liza Rose Cirolia, Researcher, African Centre for Anna Calvete Cities, University of Cape Town, South Africa Andrea Ciambra Susan Parnell, Professor, University Ainara Fernández of Bristol, United Kingdom Jolie Guzmán With contributions from: Jean-Pierre Elong Mbassi, Emilie Huet Secretary-General, UCLG Africa Mathilde Penard Policy advisory Emilia Saiz, Secretary-General, UCLG UCLG Executive Bureau, 2016-2019 Secretary-Generals of UCLG sections · Africa: Jean-Pierre Elong Mbassi, UCLG Africa · Asia-Pacific: Bernadia Tjandradewi, UCLG ASPAC · Eurasia: Rasikh Sagitov, UCLG Eurasia · Europe: Fréderic Vallier, CEMR · Latin America - CORDIAL: Sergio Arredondo, FLACMA, Nelson Fernández, Mercociudades · Middle East and West Asia: Mehmet Duman, UCLG MEWA · Metropolis: Octavi de la Varga · North America: Brock Carlton, FCM UCLG World Secretariat With special inputs from networks involved in the Global Taskforce of Local and Regional Governments With special thanks for their contribution to (www.global-taskforce.org) the Barcelona Provincial Council (International Relations Directorate) and in particular to Kontxi Odriozola and Ana Tapia. Special acknowledgements for the financial and advisory support of: GOLD V REGIONAL REPORT —— AFRICA 5 Abbreviations and Acronyms A G AfDB – African Development Bank GDP – Gross domestic product AIMF – Association Internationale des Maires GHG – Greenhouse gas Francophones (International Association of GIZ – German Society for International Cooperation French-speaking Mayors) GOLD – Global Observatory on Local Democracy ALGA – African Local Governments Academy and Decentralization AMA – Accra Metropolitan Assembly GTF – Global Taskforce of Local and Regional AMM – Association of Municipalities of Mali Governments ANAMM – Associação Nacional dos Municípios de Moçambique (National Association of Municipalities of Mozambique) H ANCB – Association nationale des communes du Bénin (National Association of Municipalities HLPF – United Nations High-Level Political of Benin) Forum on Sustainable Development ANMCV – Associação Nacional dos Municípios Caboverdianos (National Association of the Municipalities of Cape Verde) I ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability C ICT – Information and Communications Technology C40 – C40 Cities Climate Leadership IDP – Integrated Development Plan CAP – Common African Position IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate CDS – City development strategy (Africa) Change CEE – City Enabling Environment IUDF – Integrated urban development framework CIDP – County Integrated Development Plan (Kenya) CLGF – Commonwealth Local Government K Forum KCCA – Kampala Capital City Authority CO2 – Carbon dioxide CoG – Council of Governors (Kenya) Km – Kilometre CSO – Civil society organization L D LED – Local economic development DFI – Development financial institution LGA – Local government association DRC – Democratic Republic of the Congo LGBTQIA+ – Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, DRR – Disaster Risk Reduction queer/questioning, intersex, asexual and other gender identities LGDG – Local Government Development Grant E (Tanzania) LGFI – Local government finance institution LRG – Local and regional government EU – European Union F M MDG – Millennium Development Goal FMDV – Global Fund for Cities Development MLG – Multilevel governance FNVT – Fédération nationale des villes tunisiennes MTAD – Ministry of Tinkhundla Administration (National Federation of Tunisian Cities) and Development (Eswatini) MW – Megawatts 6 GOLD V REGIONAL REPORT N T NALAG – National Association of Local TALD – Territorial approach to local development Authorities of Ghana NDCs – Nationally-Determined Contributions NDP – National development plan U NDS – National development strategy NGO – Non-governmental organization UCLG – United Cities and Local Governments NSDS – National sustainable development UCT – Union des communes du Togo (Union of strategy Municipalities of Togo) NUP – National urban policy ULGA – Ugandan Local Government Association UN – United Nations UNCDF – United Nations Capital Development O Fund UNDESA – United Nations Department for ODA – Official Development Assistance Economic and Social Affairs OECD – Organisation for Economic Cooperation UNDP – United Nations Development and Development Programme O&M – Operation and maintenance UNECA – United Nations Economic Commission OIF – Organisation internationale de la for Africa Francophonie (International Organization of UN-Habitat – United Nations Human French-Speaking Countries) Settlements Programme UNICEF – United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund P UNSG – United Nations Secretary-General USD – U.S. dollar PLATFORMA – European Platform of Local and Regional Authorities for Development PNDES – Plan national de développement V économique et social (National Plan of Economic and Social Development, Burkina Faso) VNG – Vereniging van Nederlandse Gemeenten PPP – Public-Private Partnership (Association of Netherlands Municipalities) PPPP – Public-Private-People Partnership VNGi – VNG International VNR – Voluntary National Review R W RALGA – Rwandan Association of Local Government Authorities WIEGO – Women in Informal Employment, REFELA – Réseau des Femmes Elues Locales Globalizing and Organizing d’Afrique (Network of Locally Elected Women of WISP – Western Cape Industrial Symbiosis Africa) Programme RIAFCO – African Financial Institutions for Local Government # S 100RC – 100 Resilient Cities Project SADC-RISDP – Southern African Development Community and Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan SALGA – South African Local Government Association SDG – Sustainable Development Goal SDI – Slum Dwellers International (Africa) SEZ – Special economic zone SID – Small Island Developing State SME – Small and medium-sized enterprise SNG – Sub-national government SOE – State-owned enterprise GOLD V REGIONAL REPORT —— AFRICA 7 Ministerial Roundtable at the ECOSOC Forum on Financing for Development, New York, April 2018 (photo: UCLG-CGLU/ Joel Sheakoski, bit.ly/33dIWf2).
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