Aquaculture Asia, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp.1-50, January - March 2005 Item Type monograph Publisher Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific Download date 03/10/2021 22:39:37 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/18132 ISSN 0859-600X Volume X No. 1 January-March 2005 Marine finfish nutrition Grouper grow-out feeds Silver pomfret culture Best practice in using trash fish Remembering TVR "Ramu" Pillay Now available on CD-ROM! Freshwater fish biodiversity Aquaculture Asia Volume X No. 1 ISSN 0859-600X is an autonomous publication January-March 2005 that gives people in developing countries a voice. The views and Lessons in organizational action from a natural force opinions expressed herein are those of the contributors and The Dec 26 Indian Ocean tsunami, while causing a lot of misery, may also have do not represent the policies or turned up better ways of looking at and approaching development work in coastal position of NACA. communities that might yet lead to improvements in the state of fi sheries and brighter long-term prospects for fi shers and fi sh farmers. CONSRN partners (BOBP-IGO, FAO Regional Offi ce in Asia, NACA, SEAFDEC and the WorldFish Editor Centre) are working with governments, NGOs and community organizations to Simon Wilkinson assure that there is no disconnect between international actions and local aspira- [email protected] tions. Having worked with governments, community organizations, and members of the civil society, as well as victims of the disaster - in assessing the needs and planning for rehabilitation - we have learned a few lessons to guide us through the Editorial Consultant long and diffi cult recovery and reconstruction period: Pedro Bueno 1. We have been part of many village-level, national and regional activities that leave no doubt that community organizations, NGOs and governments - while they may not all have the tools and may not know everything - know exactly NACA what they want. This happily makes it less complicated for technical organiza- An intergovernmental tions such as CONSRN partners to organize and mobilize technical and donor organization that promotes assistance without complicating our own task by too much debate and philoso- rural development through phising. Listening, rather than talking to governments, civil society and victims sustainable aquaculture. NACA may also avoid the pitfall of patronizing them with a well-intentioned assist- seeks to improve rural income, ance they do not need or that may exacerbate pre-tsunami problems such as increase food production and overcapacity. foreign exchange earnings and 2. It has been amazing to see the peoples’ resilience. Without waiting for exter- to diversify farm production. The nal aid – the fi shers, fi shfarmers and housewives have begun to rebuild their ultimate benefi ciaries of NACA homes, boats and fi sh cages, revive their paralysed economic and organisational activities are farmers and rural systems, and try to get back to normal life. This adds more proof to history’s communities. accounts of how beleaguered peoples can rise above extreme penury with hope, inner strength and resourcefulness rather than with a lot of aid. The simple les- son here is to approach rehabilitation with a good dose of humility. In practical Contact terms, it should be aimed at helping communities help themselves. The Editor, Aquaculture Asia 3. Working with those who are familiar with the local terrain gives one a PO Box 1040 better understanding of what it takes to do proper work. “Terrain” is the minds Kasetsart Post Offi ce and circumstances of the people. The technical expertise from organizations Bangkok 10903, Thailand would be better applied using a map of the terrain drawn by the grassroots Tel +66-2 561 1728 workers rather than us going in to draw new strange looking maps. In practical Fax +66-2 561 1727 terms, the application of international technical assistance would be better Email directed if strategies were developed for specifi c areas and with the [email protected] communities. Website http://www.enaca.org 4. The twin side of destruction is not reconstruction. It is salvation. It is not wrong to spend a lot of money and effort to rebuild what has been destroyed; but it is not right to do so without sparing thoughts and efforts for the more diffi cult battle of enabling communities to save themselves not only from more violence from a capricious nature but from the more insidious agents of despoliation, Printed by abetted sometimes by legal oversight, and sometimes by the wrong policy. Scand-Media Co., Ltd. Pedro Bueno. 1 In this issue Sustainable Aquaculture Freshwater prawn culture in China and its market prospects 5 Miao Weimin Page 5 Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture: 9 Demise of wastewater-fed duckweed-based aquaculture in Bangladesh Freshwater fi nfi sh biodiversity – an Asian perspective I: Current status 11 Thuy T.T. Nguyen & Sena S. De Silva People in Aquaculture The STREAM Column 18 Page 20 Her farm is destroyed, how can we help? 20 By S.Y. Sim. Women oyster vendors in Eastern Thailand 21 Brian Szuster and Mark Flaherty Asia-Pacifi c Marine Finfi sh Aquaculture Network Feed and feeding practices at farm level for marine fi nfi sh aquaculture in Asia-Pacifi c 25 Sih Yang Sim and Kevin Williams Page 21 ACIAR grouper grow-out feeds program and related CSIRO research 29 Kevin C. Williams, David M. Smith, Ian H. Williams, Simon J. Irvin and Margaret Barclay Feed development and application for juvenile grouper 34 Ketut Suwirya and Nyoman Adiasmara Giri Present status in the development of culture technology for the silver pomfret 36 Pampus argenteus Page 37 Sulaiman M. Almatar and Charles M. James Best practices for using trash fi sh in the culture of juvenile Malabar grouper, 40 Epinephelus malabaricus Le Anh Tuan Grouper grow-out feeds research at Maros Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, 42 South Sulawesi, Indonesia Usman, Rachmansyah, Asda Laining, Taufi k Ahmad Page 43 News & events 47 2 Aquaculture Asia Magazine Notes from the Publisher Remembering TVR “Ramu” Pillay (1921-2005) FAO, where he served with remarkable Development. The core of the strat- distinction, he set several milestones egy was technical cooperation among for aquaculture. The fi rst was the 1966 developing countries. It was a strategy regional conference on warm water that aligned with FAO’s mandate and aquaculture that was probably the fore- UNDP’s advocacy. runner to the 1976 Kyoto Conference The Kyoto Strategy was the product on Aquaculture. Besides organizing and of a series of regional meetings and a technically backstopping innumerable global conference that FAO carried out national and regional projects on aqua- with UNDP support. Ramu Pillay was culture development he also had a hand charged with the planning, oversight A passion for his work and a fi ne taste in initiating the collection of reliable and running of the African, Asian and in wine. statistics on aquaculture production. Latin American regional workshops With the growth of capture fi sheries (held in Accra, Bangkok and Caracas In India they call them stalwarts, peo- levelling off in the early 70s, despite during 1975) and the Kyoto Conference ple like Ramu Pillay. It is shorthand for improvements in fi shing gear and fi sh in May 1976. The Strategy conceived an otherwise lengthy list of descriptions fi nding technologies (a worrying com- of a global network of regional aqua- like tall stature, strength of charac- bination even then), Ramu Pillay saw culture centres established in Africa ter and far vision, and a long list of an urgent need for a concerted effort to (ARAC), Asia (NACA), Latin America achievements. He would have been de- accelerate the development of aquacul- (CERLA) and a regional programme in scribed a stalwart had he only worked ture to meet the increasing demand for the Mediterranean (MEDRAP). Each in India. He would have been recog- fi sh and fi shery products. However, fi sh regional centre and programme essen- nized as the father of modern aquacul- farming was in the main a traditional tially comprised national institutions of ture had he chosen to apply his energy, practice, at best an art, and generally excellence, or a network of such institu- passion and wisdom only within Asia regarded as a poor cousin to capture tions for applied research and technolo- where 90 percent of the world’s farmed fi sheries. It did not even fi gure in most gy development, training and exchange fi sh is now produced. But still 30 years governments’ economic development of information. A fi fth centre, the Fish before the previous millennium ended, plans, and where it did, there were not Culture Research Institute in Hungary, when the best available record of global enough support especially in terms of or HAKI, by then strengthened through aquaculture production was 3.5 million scientifi c and technological resources. previous UNDP/FAO assistance, was tons, he saw that the world needed to Aquaculture was so diverse that the later identifi ed to provide these regional farm more fi sh, farm it scientifi cally, proposed mechanism to deal with its centres with support in key disciplines and farm it cleanly. That was vision. research and development needs, which including pond design and engineering. How he sought to turn much of it into was to set up an international research HAKI’s becoming a part of the global reality is the story of how modern centre, was seen as inadequate. Ramu network owes much to Ramu Pillay’s aquaculture evolved. Pillay saw in this situation the oppor- foresight. Hungary was one of the fi rst Ramu blazed an outstanding career tunity to focus global attention on the European countries assisted by FAO in fi sheries and aquaculture research new sector and design a novel arrange- for aquaculture development.