No. 193 hshgu, hshgu, Winter IVOIVO 2001-2002 YYNEWS hHuu† pui Memorial Concert YIVO Showcases Music of Vladimir Heifetz IVO paid tribute to the late Heifetz, who helped make the Arranged by Heifetz, the pieces Ycomposer and conductor, evening possible. The concert included texts and melodies by YIVO Institute Vladimir Heifetz, with the opened with Ot Azoy Neyt a M. Warshawsky. Among the for “Songs Are All I Have!” concert. Shnayder and Fuga (Hekher Beser), songs performed were Frayer Jewish The November 15 event was sung by The New Yiddish Foygl and Zun in Mayrev, both Research dedicated to the memory of Chorale. with words by Wolf Younin; Der Heifetz and his wife Pearl. It Rususher Lakh Polka, with hHshagr featured the New Yiddish text by Mendl Elkin; and uuhxbaTpykgfgr Chorale, directed by Zalman an excerptfrom “A Ghetto thbxyhyuy ≈ thbxyhyuy Mlotek; Cantor Shayna L. Cantata,” with text by poet hHuu† Smith and Re’ut Ben-Ze’ev, Abraham Sutzkever. sopranos; Cantor Robert “It was grand,” noted Paul Paul Abelson, baritone; Bob Glasser, Associate Dean of Goldstone, piano; and Prof. the Max Weinreich Center. Mark Slobin of Wesleyan “The concert showed the range of Heifetz’s compo- University as guest speaker. Cantor Robert Paul Abelson, Re’ut Ben-Ze’ev and Milton Zisman, Esq., and Cantor Shayna L. Smith performing a song with the sitions and arrangements Rabbi Israel Paleyev repre- new Yiddish Chorale at the Vladimir Heifetz of Jewish music.” sented the Estate of Pearl Memorial Concert. [continued on page 9] Yale to Publish Kruk Diaries in English, Spring 2002 IVO and Yale University Press are proud to Literature at Yale University, and translated by Yannounce that The Last Days of Jerusalem of Barbara Harshav. Lithuania: Chronicles from the Vilna Ghetto and the Kruk, who organized and oversaw the library Camps, 1939-1944 will be published in Spring 2002. of the Vilna Ghetto, also played an active role in This is the long-awaited English translation of the several of the ghetto’s social welfare and cultural Yiddish diaries of Herman Kruk, a Bundist activist organizations. He was recruited to serve the from Warsaw, who fled to Vilna at the beginning Einsatzstab des Reichsleiter Alfred Rosenberg, of World War II. which plundered YIVO and other Jewish libraries Herman Kruk The new English-language edition, published for treasures the Nazis hoped to use in a Frankfurt- (1897-1944) with assistance from the Nusach Vilne Society, has based “Institute for the Study of the Jewish been edited by Professor Benjamin Harshav, Question.” But Kruk, along with poet Abraham Blaustein Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Sutzkever and others, secretly worked to rescue and hide many rare books and artifacts from the Hold the CONTENTS: Nazis. Date Like Emanuel Ringelblum in the Warsaw Ghetto, Chairman’s Message . . . .2 YIVO Events Schedule . .16 Kruk was a resolute chronicler of day-to-day life YIVO’s Annual Executive Director ...... 3 Library ...... 18 under the Nazis, with full awareness that he might Benefit Dinner Development ...... 4 New Accessions ...... 21 not live until the war’s end. He hoped that his Thursday Publications ...... 6 Music Archives ...... 25 diary would survive to reveal the horrors of that May 2, 2002 EPYC Curriculum ...... 8 YIVO Donors ...... 26 time to future generations. Pierre Hotel, YIVO News ...... 9 Exhibitions/Colloquia . . .30 In September 1943, during the final liquidation New York Uriel Weinreich Prog. . .14 Letters ...... 31 of the Vilna Ghetto, Kruk was deported to the Max Weinreich Center .15 Yiddish ...... 32-40 Klooga camp in Estonia, where [continued on page 13]

For YIVO’s Winter - Spring Public Programs Schedule, See Pages 16-17 Message from the Chairman of the Board Preserving Our Treasures am glad for this opportunity to let all our commitment and intensity since the terrible events I friends and supporters know that we at YIVO of September 11. To ensure that the enormous are safe — our work goes on with an even greater cultural and intellectual treasures of East European culture held at YIVO will never be wiped out in one stroke or disaster, YIVO is establishing new guidelines, procedures and Bruce Slovin YIVO News security measures. This is our #1 mission! Founded in 1925 in Vilna, Poland, as the Yiddish Many of you have tried to help — by responding Scientific Institute and headquartered in New to our appeal letters, by donating your time and York since 1940, YIVO is devoted to the history, money, by letting us all know that you care about society and culture of Ashkenazic Jewry and to YIVO and its Board and staff. This is especially the influence of that culture as it developed in the Americas. Today, YIVO stands as the preeminent “Together we can make certain center for East European Jewish Studies; Yiddish that this latest assault on the language, literature and folklore; and the study of the American Jewish immigrant experience. things we love will not deter our vision.” Afounding partner of the Center for Jewish History, YIVO holds the following constituent gratifying and I want to personally thank every memberships: one who has contributed. I am glad that the future • American Historical Association • Association of YIVO is as important to you as it is to me. for Jewish Studies • Association of Jewish Together we can make certain that this latest Libraries • Council of Archives and Research assault on the things we love will not deter our Libraries in Jewish Studies • Research Library Group (RLG) • Society of American Archivists vision. Our greatest challenge is to move forward • World Congress of Jewish Studies. — I accept my part in meeting this challenge. As I have said many times, I want to look Chairman of the Board: Bruce Slovin forward — with my children and their children as Executive Director: Carl J. Rheins well — to celebrating the miracle of Jewish survival for many more seasons. I am sure you Director of Development share my desire for a better and more peaceful and External Affairs: Ella Levine world — but in the meantime we must work day Director of Finance and Administration: to day, little by little, to collect, preserve, teach and Andrew J. Demers celebrate our East European Jewish culture. Acting Chief Archivist: Fruma Mohrer As you look through this issue of Yedies, I think Head Librarian: Aviva Astrinsky you will understand the complexity of YIVO as an Head of Preservation: Stanley Bergman institution. It includes: our Public Programs and films; endowed fellowships that support emerging Director of New Media: Roberta Newman scholars in Jewish Studies; publications about to Editor: Elise Fischer go to print and those still in the planning stage Yiddish Editor: Hershl Glasser (for example, the YIVO Encyclopedia of the History Production Editors: Jerry Cheslow, Michele Alperin and Culture of Jews in Eastern Europe); Continuing Education and Yiddish classes; the renowned Uriel Contributors Erica Blankstein, Nikolai Borodulin, Adina Cimet, Weinreich Program in Yiddish Language, Jocelyn Cohen, Michael Cohen, Krysia Fisher, Shaindel Literature and Culture; Library and Archives and Fogelman, Marilyn Goldfried, Leo Greenbaum, Fern Kant, the services they provide; exhibitions; and many Zalman Margareten, Yeshaya Metal, Chana Mlotek, other activities. Fruma Mohrer, Roberta Newman, Joe Pinzon, Cori As you see, YIVO is reaching out to you and to Robinson, David Rogow, Yankl Salant, Daniel Soyer, the global Jewish community! I hope you are as Steve Wander proud of this wonderful institution as I am. I hope 15 West 16th Street you share my optimism about the future; it will be New York, NY 10011-6301 a rough road, but with your help — and with a Phone: (212) 246-6080 shared vision of success — we can face whatever Fax: (212) 292-1892 is to come with the knowledge that we are a www.yivoinstitute.org e-mail to Yedies: [email protected] community that can work together and be strong. Thank you. 2 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Message from the Executive Director Reacting to the September 11th Attack

s with many other major educational and Other proposals being considered include produ- Acultural institutions in the United States, the cing facsimiles of one-of-a-kind works and placing terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and the rare originals in high-quality off-site storage. Pentagon on September 11th has had a profound Central to these proposals is the need to differ- impact on YIVO and its staff. With our home at the entiate between short-term and long-term disaster Dr. Carl J. Rheins Center for Jewish History located less than a mile preparedness. Short-term plans can be imple- from the World Trade Center, many staff members mented immediately in the current fiscal year. personally witnessed the destruction of the WTC. Long-term strategies may take up to five years to Perhaps because so many are veterans of the complete. In this context, I urge all YIVO members Israeli, Soviet and other armies, our staffers re- and friends to respond positively to Bruce Slovin’s sponded with great composure and discipline. special October 17th emergency appeal. Immediately following the New York attacks, close In other developments, YIVO has accelerated contact with the Center’s Executive Director and discussions with the Jewish Studies faculties at Director of Security was established; our emergency Bar-Ilan University, Tel Aviv University, Ben telephone contact list was activated; communi- Gurion University of the Negev and the Hebrew cations were established University of Jerusalem among department heads; “A committee of senior librarians concerning new institu- and procedures were put tional cooperation as part in place for the evacuation and archivists has begun the of our total commitment of all personnel. By early arduous task of reexamining to Jewish scholarship afternoon all personnel every aspect of YIVO’s current and to Israel. We are also except for a few building new ties with volunteers who chose to disaster plan.” YIVO associations in remain in the building Latin America and with were evacuated — but not before YIVO’s priceless institutions worldwide that share YIVO’s goals of library and archival holdings had been secured. preserving Jewish history and culture. Equally important, on September 13th, less than There has been too much destruction of things 48 hours after the attack on New York City and of importance. Now, as we learn from the Festival without any publicity or fanfare, YIVO reopened of Lights, we must remain, like the Maccabees, its doors to scholars and other researchers. On strong, steadfast, and vigilant. the same day, YIVO’s staff met and voted unani- mously to collect emergency relief funds for the New York City Police and Fire Widows’ and YIVO Unites in Fund Drive Children’s Benefit Fund, and we contributed almost $1,300. for Families of Fallen Heroes Since the tragic events of September 11, YIVO has IVO staff members have contributed $1,280 to continued to maintain a full schedule of public Ythe New York Police and Fire Widows’ and lectures, seminars, evening adult education courses, Children’s Benefit Fund, organized in response to films and concerts. Ghetto Cabaret, a new play by the World Trade Center tragedy of September 11. Miriam Hoffman and Rena Borow, originally The internal YIVO fund-raising drive was coor- scheduled for staging on September 13, has been dinated by Elise Fischer, YIVO Press Officer and rescheduled for April 25, 2002. It is one of the many Editor-in-Chief of Yedies, and Marilyn Goldfried, exciting public events planned for the spring. Executive Assistant to Dr. Carl Rheins. It ran for Mindful of the possibility of future attacks on the three weeks and was open to all employees of United States, a committee of senior librarians and YIVO and Center for Jewish History partner archivists has begun the arduous task of reexam- organizations. ining every aspect of YIVO’s disaster plan. This The decision to collect for the fund was taken has involved reviewing YIVO’s inventory of on- at a September 13 staff meeting called by Dr. Rheins site archival and library holdings, as well as those to discuss the tragic events and their aftermath. All materials in safekeeping in our Iron Mountain, agreed that the drive would be an appropriate way New York, storage facility. It has also given new to help the victims while expressing sympathy and impetus to the implemention of a vast new micro- solidarity. Also discussed were blood donations film program to ensure the safety of valuable and increased security. The meeting ended with a collections in the event of a future emergency. moment of silent respect and mourning.

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 3 Development and External Affairs Moving Forward to Fulfill Our Vision by Ella Levine, Director of Development and External Affairs candle is a small thing, but one candle can who make a planned gift. As a Gaon Society Alight another. The light increases as each member, you will have the satisfaction of making candle gives its flame to another. a gift while increasing your lifetime income. As we celebrate the miracle of Hanukkah and At YIVO we see how much must be done to Ella Levine our religious freedom, we must not forget secure the safety and accessibility of our unique struggles that we have faced throughout our collections. YIVO is caring for our history; telling history as a Jewish people and still face today. our story; reaching out for Jewish continuity; Hanukkah represents the survival of Jewish creating the new EPYC Program and the YIVO culture and the continuity of Jewish life — such Encyclopedia of the History and Culture of Jews in miracles in our past make it easier for a Jew to Eastern Europe; sustaining our extensive archives believe in miracles. Still, we cannot always count and library; teaching the Yiddish language; and on one: therefore, we must secure our cultural supporting research projects, fellowships and history so it cannot be wiped out with one stroke. public discourse. YIVO must carry forward this Since September 11th, our role has become more work as a vital part of a global Jewish community. challenging. It is more critical that YIVO renew its Our mission will be more difficult in the months commitment to remember, to fulfill its promises, to to come. We depend on the support of people like cherish and renew yidishkayt, to preserve and you who want to contribute to our success by teach, to build bridges between grandparents and showing your compassion during this holiday grandchildren, parents and children. The links season. This helps ensure that the tale of the between generations should be reinforced now. miracle is passed from one house to another, and All the loving work done at YIVO requires your to the House of Israel throughout the generations. support. Please consider joining the ranks of our A gift to YIVO could be one of the most newly formed Gaon Society of YIVO supporters meaningful Hanukkah gifts you give. Planned Giving The Gaon Comes to YIVO by Rosina K. Abramson, Chair, Planned Giving Committee, YIVO National Board of Directors cholars agree that 18th-century Rabbi Elijah recognized as members of the Gaon Society. SBen Solomon Zalman, the Vilna Gaon, was one Americans are facing a period of financial uncer- of the greatest spiritual and intellectual leaders tainty not seen in recent memory. Since September of modern Jewry. According to testimony of his 11th, our financial underpinnings have been Rosina K. contemporaries, “without his knowledge, no challenged by a sense of national and personal Abramson important activity can be carried out.” vulnerability not experienced by most Americans In the 21st century, Eastern European Jewish in at least a century. Jews, regrettably, are all too knowledge resides at YIVO, and contemporary familiar with national and personal insecurity. scholars agree that without this resource, no Just as YIVO preserves our rich heritage and important activity in Jewish scholarship can be culture, you can help safeguard YIVO’s future carried out. And, of course, without solid financial (and your investment) through Planned Giving. support, the tremendous historical and cultural Salomon Smith Barney’s Philanthropic Services resources at YIVO could cease to exist. division offers YIVO and Gaon Society members YIVO donors, wise to the multiple benefits of consultation on the planned giving vehicles best Planned Giving contributions, have formed the suited for donors investing in YIVO’s future. Gaon Society, signifying their commitment to Moreover, a new committee of YIVO members, securing YIVO’s future, while providing income chosen for their professional expertise, will serve for themselves and their families. (See attached as in-house advisors on planned giving strate- envelope for the opportunity to make a planned gies and programs. These Gaonim include Burt gift and become a member of the Gaon Society.) Feinberg, Jonathan Mishkin, Charlie Rose and Planned gifts can range from a simple bequest in myself. your will, to contributions to our gift annuity We sincerely hope that you will consider joining program and other charitable vehicles that can pay the Gaon Society — then you, too, will be a vital you a guaranteed interest stream for life. Donors player in perpetuating Jewish scholarship and investing $10,000 or more in a planned gift will be YIVO.

4 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 P inspiration tothousandsofpeopleworldwide. other countries—thatwewanttoserveasan curriculum package—andtranslatedversionsfor r to buildonthatknowledgeandexplore thevast life inEasternEurope. We wantthemtoremember, External Affairs at(212)294-6128. please callElla Levine,Director ofDevelopment & presented withthefirst honoree. MiraJedwabnikVan Doren willbe yidishkayt Kovno Ghettosurvivors,whosecommitmentto Board memberRosina Abramson, thechildof Israel andtheJewishpeopleworldwide. also isdedicatedto AKIM, Hadassah,IsraelBonds, chairing YIVO’s InternationalWomen’s Division, her workonbehalfof YIVO. Wrobel, inadditionto Bronfman CenterforJewishStudentLife. Advisory Board thatsupervisestheEdgarM. for Jewishwomen. At NYU,Levineco-chairsthe in Philanthropy andFundraising.Levinewasprofiled University andfounderofitsCenterfor President forExternal Affairs atNew York guest speakerwillbeNaomiLevine,SeniorVice by theInternationalWomen’s Division.Special Division: Luncheon2002 International Women’s Leadership ForumPlansfor2002 New IdeasandEvents subscription tothe event thiswinterinFlorida, aswellanannual invitations tospecialWomen’s events,includingan Division foraminimumgift of$50. You willreceive formalinvitationwillfollow.on Yiddish Culture). A to supporttheEPYCProgram (EducationalProgram of Ceremonies. All proceeds from theeventwillgo Leadership Forum committeeservingastheMasters with CindyK.StoneandJonathanMishkinofthe keeper oftheheritageandculture ofVilna. esources at YIVO. Itisthrough thishighschool The first At theluncheon,EtaWrobel willbehonored for Y Fanya GottesfeldHelleristheLuncheonChair, Lifestyles Magazine ou canjoin YIVO’s InternationalWomen’s Cindy Stone Luncheon onSunday, April 14,2002,sponsored lan toattend YIVO’s Second Annual Women’s Co-Chair and tocontinuitymakeheraperfect Me’dor Le’dorAward the her T standing andinvolvementwith draw our page 8).We hopeEPYCwill Culture wasborn(EPYC—see Educational Program on Y on Educational Program the tee’s efforts andbrainstorming, years ago,through ourcommit- Y edies , andisanoutspokenadvocate making great strides.Three he LeadershipForum is V . Formore information itage andhistoryofJewish ilna Award youth into will goto YIVO for beinga an under- iddish T Golden Chain A NewLinkinthe r came from Yiddish-speaking homes. established thefoundationsofStateIsrael speakers created Zionism -theyoungpeoplewho wandering Jewfrom disappearing. Yiddish tool forourfuture generations. Ithaskeptthe of thebestwritersinworld-Iread themall. folksingers. Theexcellenttranslationsinto Yiddish enjoy Jewishculture -writersandartists,poets from inorder toknowwhere weare going. modern Jewishhomes. language andculture intohighschoolsand Division willbetobring Yiddish YIVO InternationalWomen’s major countries,ouraimasthe largest housesofeducationin generations underwayinthe Y Division. With therevival of YIVO: theWomen’s International of youtoplease joinusnow. there willbenooneelsetodo this!Iappealtoeach the heritagethatbelongsto them-thisisourduty, urgent needtocontinueourmission! have thestrength ofourcommitmentandthe Goldene Keyt) New LinkintheGoldenChain world. TheInternationalWomen’s Division-the Sheraton, former Kosher KitchenCookbook series withco-authorof plans. Theywillfeature acooking at (212)294-6128. Levine, Director ofDevelopment&External Affairs, other LeadershipForum’s activitiespleasecallElla Lost World author of ideas andaddnewmembers. as weconstantlyexplore new ming. Ourcommitteeisevolving through innovativeprogram- for ourheritageandidentity esponsibilities totheyounger iddish fortheyounger This newawakeningreminds usofour Yi Mine isthegenerationthathadopportunityto In lifeweeachmustunderstandwhere wecame We We We ddish isbeautiful!Isee Yiddish asalife-saving the horizonofpowerful here isanewshiningstaron haveanobligationnottorob ourchildren of are veryexcitedaboutour wanttoshare thispassion The BialyEaters:StoryofaBread anda . To participateinthecookingseriesor - isourcreation. Pleasejoinus,we New York Times , KatjaGoldman,andMimi The Empire hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr hshgu, pui Dorot ANayerRinglindi (A food criticand and the Cathy Zises Eta Wrobel Chair Chair

5 Development YIVO Writers Touch the Lives of Children and Grandchildren t two in the morning one me to her 59 years later,” Ellen generations ago. The anthology, Anight last spring, Ellen Elias stated. “I believe it was meant to and a finding aid to the logged on to Internet genealogy happen. I believe very strongly materials to be completed in sites searching for information that she was reaching out.” 2002, will make the stories about her paternal grandmother, When scholars at YIVO collec- accessible to a wide audience Rose Silverman. “I plugged in ted these life stories in the 1940s, who, like Ellen, will be able to her maiden name every which they appreciated the need for benefit from the rich historical way and came up with nothing,” links between the past and the legacy of East European Jewry in she explained. “The next day I present. Now the American the United States. remember saying to my mother Autobiographies Project is “Reading it, I thought, ‘Oh my Publications that she is lost forever, that it’ll completing the cycle begun two God, I found myself,’”Ellen said. take a miracle for me to find her.” That miracle occurred a few weeks later when Anita Stein, Volume III of Atlas Ellen’s mother, saw a notice in the Workmen’s Circle newsletter, Now Available The Call, asking anyone with in- he third those recorded for the work formation about Rose Silverman Tvolume of were Holocaust survivors, the from Brooklyn, New York, to The Language biographical material may be contact the YIVO Institute for and Culture relevant to Holocaust history as Jewish Research. Atlas of Ashke- well. In 1942, Rose and over 200 nazic Jewry: The Atlas is based on an inves- others had submitted their life The Eastern tigation entitled “Geographical stories to a YIVO contest Yiddish -Wes- Differentiation in Coterritorial designed to collect detailed Uriel Weinreich tern Yiddish Societies” designed and origi- information about immigrant Continuum is now available. The nally directed by the late Uriel life in the United States. Fifteen multi-volume Atlas, co-published Weinreich, after whom YIVO’s of those autobiographies have by the Max Niemeyer Verlag, intensive summer language been selected by the YIVO Tübingen, Germany, in program is named. The Atlas’s American Autobiographies Pro- cooperation with YIVO, takes up many maps trace the distri- ject for possible publication in the challenge of preserving the bution and usage of Yiddish an anthology with the working Yiddish language and the words, phrases and variant title, To Unburden My Heart. cultural memories and history it verb formations. Over the past six months, project represents. It is being prepared Weinreich had been motivated editors Daniel Soyer and Jocelyn by an Editorial Board including by a desire to preserve cultural Cohen have been trying to notify Marvin Herzog, Editor-in-Chief history. He noted, “What is fa- the children and grandchildren and former dean of YIVO’s Max miliar in one year may be thrust of the writers. Weinreich Center; and Andrew to the brink of oblivion in the “I never thought, never even Sunshine in New York. In next. . . . what was too obvious dreamed, that this would connect Germany, the Board members for study only yesterday has are Ulrike Kiefer, Robert suddenly become precious. . . . Neumann and Wolfgang what we do not collect in the Putschke. coming decade or so will be lost The range of scholars who will forever.” benefit from the volume in- The Language and Culture Atlas cludes linguists specializing in of Ashkenazic Jewry: The Eastern dialectology, in Yiddish, in Yiddish-Western Yiddish Hebrew and Aramaic, in the Continuum, Volume III may be Germanic, Slavic and other obtained from the Workmen’s European languages; ethno- Circle Jewish Book Center graphers, folklorists, ethnomu- (800-922-2558, ext. 285) and sicologists; Jewish historians; at the Center for Jewish History YIVO autobiographer Rose Silverman with grandaughter Ellen and historians of Central and Bookstore (917-606-8220). The Silverman Elias and her brother Michael, Brooklyn (1959). Eastern Europe. Since many of cost is $250 per volume.

6 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 YIVO to Co-Publish Ruth Rubin’s The New Anthology of Yiddish Folksong including variants of extant Yiddish-speaking Jews of East songs — were gathered between European origin who had settled 1946 and 1966. The anthology in the United States and Canada. covers the following topics and The New Anthology was co- categories: lullabies, love songs edited by Professor Mark Slobin and ballads, songs and dances of Wesleyan University, a mem- about weddings and marriage, ber of YIVO’s National Academic children’s songs, work and ap- Advisory Committee, and YIVO prentice songs, dancing songs Music Archivist Chana Mlotek. and songs of humor; soldiers’ “Ruth Rubin was a pioneer

songs, songs of wars, Hasidic collector, scholar and performer Publications and Maskilic satires, topical of the Yiddish folksong during a Yiddish folklorist Ruth Rubin (1906-2000) songs, songs of Zion, and songs period when it was widely neg- book of songs collected of “the street.” Each section has lected,” co-editor Slobin notes. Aby the late Ruth Rubin an introduction detailing its par- “Her unpublished anthology, (1906-2000), the world’s ticular history and significance. much of it gathered from dis- foremost Yiddish folklorist and One of the primary folksong placed persons who came to the ethnomusicologist, is being co- collectors and scholars in this United States after the Second published by YIVO and the country, Rubin popularized World War, is an invaluable University of California Press Yiddish folksongs in lecture- source and will put classic (Berkeley) in 2003. The 160 new recitals and publications. She folksongs back into circulation.” and unpublished songs — collected these materials from Moshe Beregovski’s Jewish Instrumental Folk Music he new book Jewish Instrumental Folk Music: Soviet policy of anti-Semitism and eradication of TThe Collection and Writings of Moshe Beregovski Jewish culture, Beregovski was arrested in 1950 has just been issued by Syracuse University Press, and deported to a labor camp in Siberia, where he in collaboration with YIVO and the Russian was confined for seven years. Upon his release, he Institute for the Study of the Arts. Translated and prepared a volume featuring parts of his collec- edited by Mark Slobin, Robert A. Rothstein and tions, which appeared posthumously in 1962. Michael Alpert, this is the third in a five volume Topics covered in Jewish Instrumental Folk Music series on Jewish music by the late ethnomusicol- include instrumental music as a component of ogist Moshe Beregovski (1892-1961), a series he Jewish folklore; the characteristics and modal did not see published during his lifetime. elements of klezmer music; and the klezmorim in The YIVO Archives houses the page proofs of the 19th century. It also contains 254 klezmer tunes Beregovski’s second unpublished volume of — dances, doinas, and wedding tunes — with Yiddish folksongs, dated 1938. Beregovski served detailed annotations by Beregovski, and supple- as head of the Department of Musical Folklore mental notes by Alpert. The foreword by Izaly of the Institute for Jewish Culture at Kiev where Zemtsovsky, chairman of several academic he amassed a vast archive of recorded folk, departments in the Soviet Union, explores the instrumental and Hasidic music. Under the then- history of folksong collection and Beregovski’s personal contribution, scope and methodology in the field of Jewish musical research. A compact disc of vintage and recent recordings of instru- mental music is included in the book package. Beregovski’s pioneering and enduring work in the field of klezmer music has been long awaited. Print by S. Yudovin New generations of klezmorim and aficionados of depicting klezmer Jewish music will find the book and the accom- musicians from the book Jewish panying data of great interest and importance. Instrumental Jewish Instrumental Folk Music: The Collection and Folk Music: Writings of Moshe Beregovski can be purchased from The Collections Syracuse University Press, (315) 443-5546 or at of Moshe http://sumweb.syr.edu/su_press/. Beregovski. hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 7 From Settlement to Community EPYC Curriculum Development Under Way nder the leadership of Dr. Adina Cimet, the connect with our people and culture. This challenge UEducational Program on Yiddish Culture is pressing: the ethical and cultural sensitivity that (EPYC) is moving forward on a pilot curriculum will be required of our future leaders and intel- for the city of Lublin, one of several cities to be lectuals is dependent on our message. included in the finished curriculum. Having completed the draft of text for Early Lublin (through the 18th century) and collected Did You Know? numerous archival materials, paintings, sketches and drawings (from the YIVO Archives as well as • The first mention of Jews in Lublin was in archives in Lublin, Poland and Israel), they are 1316, with other scattered references

YIVO News now focusing on Lublin’s history from the 19th throughout the 14th century. Not until 1455 century to the eve of World War II. Together, these were Jews granted an official settlement on two pieces will form the EPYC pilot project, which the city’s outskirts, in an area known as will be extensively evaluated and tested in schools Podzamcze, or the “Jewish Lublin.” The to ensure its functionality and effectiveness. Grodzka Gate separated this new Jewish In line with EPYC’s goals, the Lublin pilot will settlement from the city. (See photo.) employ state-of-the-art teaching methods that • Podzamcze was home to a cemetery, mikvah, enable students and teachers to analyze Yiddish yeshiva and synagogue as well as several shops culture within the contexts of general society as and houses. By the end of the 16th century, well as the broader trends in Jewish history. More Seroka Street had emerged as the main Jewish broadly, they will examine the political, social, thoroughfare. During this period, Jews were not economic and cultural relationships between permitted to reside within city walls, nor were minority and majority cultures in the context of Christians allowed to live in “Jewish Lublin.” Jewish relations with the larger society. Each EPYC segment will feature: texts; an in-depth • During its bustling market fairs, Lublin was curriculum manual with lesson plans; a CD-ROM of transformed into the center of the Jewish primary materials and other teaching tools; and a world. Rabbis, representatives, merchants and dedicated Web site providing materials for others came to engage in trade, to marry their homework assignments and serving as a forum for children and to exchange ideas. The Va’ad student feedback and interactions. Each aspect of Arba Arazot, the highest representative body the program is designed to complement the others. of Polish Jewry, convened at this time to rule With EPYC, YIVO is accepting the obligation to on issues of Jewish law and tax collection. engage and motivate younger generations to Donor: Frank Siegel

SAVE THE DATE

A Jewish Heritage Mission

Join Us and Journey to Lithuania, Ukraine & Amsterdam

May 22 – June 2, 2002

For more information please call Ella Levine, (212.294.6128).

8 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Heifetz Concert [continued from page 1] YIVO News Prof. Mark Slobin (L), with Elise Fischer, YIVO Press Officer, Milton Zisman, Esq., (l) and Rabbi Israel Paleyev represented and Joseph D. Becker, Vice-Chairman of the YIVO Board, the Estate of Pearl Heifetz at the concert. at the reception before the Vladimr Heifetz Memorial Concert. Vladimir Heifetz (1883-1970), a distinguished posed cantatas, a symphony, an opera, an oratorio composer, conductor, choral director and pianist, and a children’s comic opera; and wrote the scores was born in Chashnik, Vitebsk province, in Belo- for several motion pictures, including the Russian russia. His concert debut as a pianist was in Warsaw film Potemkin and the Yiddish film Grine felder in 1918; he arrived in the United States in 1921. (Green Fields). In the course of Heifetz’s far-ranging career he The invaluable historical papers from the Heifetz graduated from the St. Petersburg Conservatory; estate are now preserved in the YIVO Archives. accompanied the singer Chaliapin on a tour The Estate of Pearl Heifetz also will fund a CD of Russia; played in a trio with Gregory recording of some of Vladimir Heifetz’s work (to Piatiagorsky; served as musical director of the be released by YIVO in the spring of 2002) and Rudolf Schildkraut Theatre, the Poale Zion establish the new Pearl and Vladimir Heifetz chorus and the Yiddish Culture Chorus; com- Scholarship Trust. First Heifetz Fellow, Marija Krupoves, Delivers Lecture On Monday, November 26, the first Vladimir at The Center for Jewish History Bookstore, and Pearl Heifetz Memorial Lecture was held at (917) 606-8220.] YIVO. Professor Marija Krupoves of the Univer- Krupoves holds a Ph.D. in comparative folklore sity of Vilnius is the first winner of the Heifetz and ethnomusicology from the Arts Institute of Fellowship. Her lecture, “Traditional Folksongs the Academy of Sciences in Warsaw (1999). Since of Litvakes: Perspectives for Research in Situ,” 1993 she has been an instructor in the Slavic explored the songs collected from Litvakes who Studies Department at Vilnius University. While Professor Marija remain in situ: some are folksongs universal to in New York, she has been interviewing former Krupoves Yiddish-speaking Jews; others are specific to the residents of Vilna who now live here. region, but well known beyond it; still others are During her lecture, Krupoves played record- unknown elsewhere or are relatively new, such ings of singers and their recollections. She also as the ode to the Soviet constitution. mentioned the important history of Pinsk, one- A distinguished performer and researcher, her time residence of Chaim Weizmann and Golda specialty area is folklore and, in particular, Meir, and Baranovichi, the setting of Sholem Jewish folksongs as interpreted by the last Aleichem’s short story “Baranovich Station.” remaining Jews in Lithuania and Belarus. Prof. Krupoves recounted the life stories of Krupoves has traveled throughout the region some of her sources, where they are from and recording these Jewish singers, interviewing how they survived the Holocaust. Among the people in Vilnius, Kaunas, Svencionys and many interesting subjects is 76-year-old Rubin Pabrade, in Lithuania. In Belarus she recorded Fuksman, who was born in Pinsk and now lives materials in Vitebsk, Baranovichi and Pinsk. in Baranovichi. He was the only member of his “For almost two years, I have been working to family to survive the Holocaust. As he says about collect Yiddish folksongs from elderly informants himself: “God must love me very much.” in Lithuania and Belarus,” she explained. “I The Heifetz Memorial Fellowship and Lecture am also a professional singer.” [Her latest CD, were established through a bequest from the “Songs of the Vilna Ghetto,” can be purchased Heifetz Estate and executor Milton Zisman, Esq.

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 9 Self Portrait of a Community Autobiographies of Pre-Holocaust Jewish Youth In Poland to be Published September 2002 his volume, scheduled for Jewish youth to write their life two world wars. Tpublication in September stories and send them to the Rutgers University Professor 2002 by Yale University Press institute, then headquartered in Jeffrey Shandler edited the in association with YIVO, will Vilna. Over 600 young Jews volume. The introduction, offer readers access to one of responded. Originally collected written by Barbara Kirshenblatt- the Institute’s most remarkable to form the basis of a study of Gimblett, Marcus Moseley, and collections — personal histories the problems Jewish youth faced Michael Stanislawski, explains written by Jewish adolescents during a challenging period in the historical context of Jewish

YIVO News living in Poland during the Poland, these autobiographies life in interwar Poland, the 1930s. At that time, YIVO held now provide us with a unique intellectual background of three autobiography contests (in portrait of this community’s life YIVO’s project to study Jewish 1932, 1934, and 1938-9), inviting during the years between the adolescence, and the literary significance of these autobio- graphies. These four scholars, along with political scientist Jan Dov Levin Lectures on Jewish Gross and YIVO archivist Marek Web, were members of the Resistance and Donates Books editorial committee that over- rofessor Dov Levin, Acting Kovno Ghetto and later a fighter saw the selection and translation PDirector of the Oral History with the Partisans, Levin dis- of the autobiographies. Division, at the Institute of cussed Jewish resistance during These memoirs offer an intimate Contemporary Jewry of The the years 1941-1945, and persons window into Jewish life in Eastern Hebrew University of Jerusalem, who helped and participated. Europe, as Shandler notes. delivered a stirring account of Building on his experiences, “Through these autobiogra- “Jewish Resistance in the Baltic Levin reviewed the most recent phies, we can discover the Professor Dov States, 1941-1945” at YIVO on scholarship on this topic, and wide range of young Jews’ Levin (R) presents October 23rd. then answered questions from experience in that fervid time his latest book to Amember of the anti-Nazi un- the audience. and place as described in their YIVO’s Dr. Carl “There was an excellent inter- Rheins. derground movement in the own words, as they were change between Prof. Levin coming of age… we glimpse and the audience,” Carl Rheins, an exceptional generation as YIVO Executive Director they arrive at the threshold of pointed out. “He has continued adulthood. Most would not to be personally involved in the live to cross that threshold, and history he studies. For example, those who survived the Holo- he participated in the Israel caust went on to lead lives Delegation that negotiated with markedly different from their the Government of Lithuania in prewar existence. In this sense, 1993 on the issue of the rehabil- these adolescents and their itation of Lithuanians accused personal histories epitomize of murdering Jews during the Jewish life in Poland’s interwar Holocaust.” period in its sudden newness Levin, author of ten major and its great anxieties as well books and countless scholarly as its great hopes.” articles, recently donated copies Awakening Lives: Autobiogra- of several of his publications to phies of Jewish Youth in Poland the YIVO Library. These include before the Holocaust will provide his book The Litvaks: A Short complete, annotated English History of the Jews of Lithuania translations of 15 of the auto- (Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2000); biographies from the YIVO Professor Dov Levine: A Chrono- collection, originally written in logical List of Publications; and Yiddish, Polish, and Hebrew. copies of seven recent articles.

10 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 YIVO Copy of Rudashevsky Diary Exhibited in Jerusalem and Houston

itskhok Rudashevsky was 13 Houston, where it is displayed The YIVO Archives in New Yyears old when he began to with seven other diaries in an York obtained the diary through keep a diary in Nazi-occupied exhibition entitled “Private the efforts of poet Abraham Vilna. Between June 1941 and Writings Public Records.” Sutzkever. Rudashevsky’s cou- April 1943, he filled all 204 Curated by Alexandra Zapruder sin Sara Voloshin-Kalivats had pages of the notebook with and Amy Duke, the exhibition recovered the diary after the events he witnessed in the Vilna also presents photographs of the retreat of the Nazis from Vilna in ghetto. His last entry, dated writers, artwork of the period 1944. Over the years, versions of

April 6, closes with the words, and English translations of it have been published in Yid- YIVO News “We may be fated for the worst.” passages from the diaries. The dish, Hebrew, English and, most Rudashevsky perished with his impulse to create the Houston recently, in German. From Octo- family in September of that year exhibition was Zapruder’s ber 1997 until this year, the diary in Ponary. forthcoming book, Salvaged was on display in Jerusalem at a Through February 11, 2002, the Pages: Young Writers’ Diaries of Yad Vashem exhibition of young diary is on loan from YIVO to the Holocaust (Yale University authors’ writings from the Holo- the Holocaust Museum in Press). caust, entitled “No Child’s Play.” Tendler Family Establishes Fellowship in Israel Studies

IVO is pleased to announce Ythe creation of the Dora and Meyer Tendler Endowed Fellowship in Israel and Jewish Studies at YIVO. Established by Meyer and his family, Ellen and Peter Weintraub, and Mark and Carol Tendler, it will support graduate research in Jewish Studies, with preference given to studies connected to Israel. The new fellowship carries a $3,500 annual stipend. This fellowship grew out of something Mrs. Tendler said Tendler family at plaque dedication. before she passed away: “The children of today and the The Tendler family also Director of Development & children of tomorrow must not dedicated a plaque in the YIVO External Affairs. The Tendler’s forget the children of yesterday.” lobby in memory of Dora daughter Ellen Weintraub and Dora Tendler was an Eshet Kleinman Tendler on November her husband Peter also addressed Chayil: a Holocaust survivor 18, 2001. More than 70 people, the gathering. Michael Baron, who faithfully served Yiddish including friends, children, Director of Yiddish Speaking language and culture, the State of grandchildren and great- Branches of the Workmen’s Israel and the Jewish people. She grandchildren, attended the Circle, called Mrs. Tendler “a was a longtime member of her reception and dedication. devoted woman, a survivor of local Workmen’s Circle Branch. Speaking at the dedication were the Holocaust whose life was Mr. Tendler, her husband, YIVO Executive Director Dr. Carl dedicated to the teaching and volunteers in the YIVO Archives. J. Rheins, and Ella Levine, learning of yidishkayt.”

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 11 YIVO Lecture Sir Martin Gilbert Provides Insight on Churchill’s Attitudes Toward Jews n overflow crowd gathered to hear Sir Martin steadfast friend to Jews, promoted Jewish equality AGilbert lecture at YIVO on November 12. His and Jewish causes, and used his public influence topic, “Churchill and the Jews,” offered insights to fight this prejudice. into the lifelong interest of Sir Winston Churchill Sir Martin Gilbert, one of the most widely read in the fate of Jews and the Jewish people. As a historians of modern times, is the author of many schoolboy, “Churchill’s closest chum at boarding works of Jewish and world history. His most school was a Jew,” Gilbert noted. Churchill also recent book is A History of the Twentieth Century was horrified by the treatment of Captain Dreyfus, (2000). His other works include Israel: A History YIVO News agreeing with the writer Emile Zola that Dreyfus (1998), The Atlas of Jewish History (1993), The was not guilty. Holocaust: A History of the Jews of Europe During the Churchill throughout his life stood against anti- Second World War (1987), and Auschwitz and the Semitism. He denounced Tsarist anti-Semitism Allies (1981). and worked against anti-Semitic legislation in ✁ Great Britain. He was a great friend of Chaim Weizmann and an early supporter of a Jewish YIVO Institute for Jewish Research homeland. He favored the Balfour Declaration 15 West 16th Street, New York, NY 10011-6301 (1917) and said, “If a Jewish State is ever formed, it would from every point of view be beneficial.” I want to help YIVO preserve our Jewish heritage. Churchill countered charges against advocates of a Jewish homeland in Palestine by describing the ❏ $50–Entitles you to YIVO’s newsletter in Yiddish wonderful things that had been accomplished by and English. ❏ $100–Poster reproduction from YIVO’s collection.

❏ $180–A packet of YIVO postcards

❏ $360–A Yiddish recording

❏ $500–A book from YIVO

❏ $1000 and more–All of the above and a listing in YIVO News. ❏ Other Enclosed is my contribution of $ . Please charge my gift to:

❏ VISA ❏ MasterCard Photo credit: Thea Petschek Sir Martin Gilbert Card No. Exp. Date (R) autographs a Jews in Eretz Yisroel, such as the building of Rishon book for YIVO L’Tzion. Churchill focused on how Jews had National Board worked to improve the country and make it a Signature Member Fanya better place to live. Gottesfeld Heller. In 1933, Churchill warned Parliament about Please make checks payable to YIVO Institute for Germany’s “pitiless treatment of minorities” Jewish Research. Your gift is tax deductible. and anticipated Nazi attempts to spread into Name other countries. According to Gilbert’s research, Churchill was a steadfast foe of Nazi ideology and Address regime, and supported allowing Jews to enter what was then Palestine. When informed of inter- City/State/Zip cepted ships of Jews, he always gave them permission to enter Palestine. Telephone (h) (w) Churchill declared, “I have the greatest abhorrence of the anti-Semitic prejudice.” As Sir Fax e-mail Martin Gilbert made it clear, Churchill was a

12 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 IWO Hosts Symposium in Buenos Aires week-long symposium, “Yiddish Faces the folklore in Eastern European shtetlekh, the unveil- ANew Millenium,” was hosted this fall in ing of artist Leon Untroyb’s tombstone; and a talk Buenos Aires by IWO, the Argentinian sister organ- on “Yiddish is also Latin America.” The closing ization of YIVO. Opening with a round-table concert, “Unter di vayse shtern,” (Under the White discussion on Yiddish in contemporary culture, Stars) featured Alejandro Charni and pianist which featured Executive Director of IWO Norberto Vogel and paid tribute to Jascha Abraham Lichtenbaum, the symposium included Galperin, a teacher who trained a generation of the unveiling of a bust of Sholem Aleichem, Argentine singers. sculpted by Israel Hoffman. The bust was placed “This is the proper time to gather and give the in the Poets’ Garden in Palermo’s Rosedale Park, younger generations all our Yiddish cultural next to one of Jorge Luis Borges. There were also knowledge…we want to show them that Yiddish radio broadcasts in Yiddish; discussions on is much more than the language of the elderly,” YIVO News Yiddish and national identity; a theater presenta- Lichtenbaum told a reporter from the Jewish tion honoring Itsik Manger; Dov Noy lecturing on Telegraphic Agency.

Chicago YIVO Treasurer YIVO Helps IWO in Buenos Daniel N. Greenberg Aires Build Its Collections aniel N. Greenberg, uring the past 12 months, YIVO has sent IWO, Dlate Treasurer of the Dour sister institution in Buenos Aires, Argen- Chicago YIVO Society and tina, several YIVO publications. These include: The a great friend to Yiddish Language and Culture Atlas of Ashkenazic Jewry, culture, died July 13 in Volume III; A Century of Ambivalence, 2d ed.; and Chicago at age 76. He is the two CD collections of YIVO’s David Rogow survived by his wife, reading Yiddish literature in the original, “‘Bontshe Clare; his daughter, Ruth Shvayg’ and Other Selections from Yiddish Bernkopf; two sons, Aaron Literature” and “‘Taybele and Her Demon’ and and Joseph; and a sister, Jeanette Gordon. Other Selections from Yiddish Literature.” Greenberg grew up hearing Yiddish in the YIVO in New York and IWO expect to make home and at Labor Zionist meetings. After his many more exchanges of publications and marriage to Chaikey Pomerantz, he became materials. immersed in the world of Yiddish. Greenberg’s father-in-law, Chaim Pomerantz, was a longtime Yiddish activist and educator in Chicago and New York. Active in the New York Kruk Diaries [continued from page 1] YIVO in the 1940s and 1950s, both Pomerantz and his wife, Bessie (a Yiddish poet), encour- he continued to write his journal under aged Greenberg’s interest in Yiddish. Greenberg increasingly worsening circumstances. He was met many well-known Yiddish writers and taken to another Estonian camp, Lagedi, on intellectuals at their home. August 22, 1944, and was murdered there on Through his wife, Chaikey, and his in-laws, September 18, 1944, shortly before the Soviet his love of Yiddish grew. Greenberg helped plan liberation. the Annual Yiddish Cultural Program of the The pages from his diaries were recovered from Chicago Labor Zionist Alliance (LZA), and he hiding places after the war, assembled and pub- served as a member of the Chicago Jewish lished in the original Yiddish by YIVO in 1961. Historical Society. He also selected and trans- These were among the first full-length diaries of lated Yiddish materials for the LZA Annual life in the Nazi-created ghettos to be released. Third Seder Haggadah. In recent years, he played The Last Days of Jerusalem of Lithuania retains a vital leadership role in the Chicago YIVO many of the painstakingly researched notations of Society, joining the Board, serving as Treasurer the original edition, but also adds new material, and participating in all its activities. including never-before-published excerpts of Daniel Greenberg had the greatest respect for Kruk’s diaries from 1939 to 1941 and from his last the Yiddish language and a deep and heartfelt days in the Estonian camps. The book will also love for its literature, music and theater. He will contain about 30 illustrations, mostly drawn from be sorely missed. YIVO’s archives.

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 13 A Diversity of Students Drawn to Summer Program 2001 he 34th session of the Uriel TWeinreich Summer Program in Yiddish Language, Literature and Culture at Columbia Uni- versity boasted not only a record enrollment of 68, but also the most diverse student body in its Program history. Program Director Yankl Salant said that he “was deeply moved each day of the program, seeing people from all walks of life in such close community, brought together by Yiddish.”

Uriel Weinreich Among the programniks were Eastern Europeans — Jews and non-Jews from Russia, Poland that was nearly destroyed in Graduates sing with brio, “It’s fun to and Ukraine — who are devoted their lands. They included Olga study Yiddish at Y-I-V-O...” as part to teaching Yiddish and pains- Berdnikova, Serguei Nekrassov of the Uriel Weinreich Program siyem takingly rebuilding a culture and Sylwia Szymanska. (graduation ceremony). Although Raquel Polite, an study at YIVO’s summer pro- Scholarship Funds and African-American actor of the gram not only advanced my Yiddish stage and the Folksbiene Yiddish skills. It also put me in Recent Contributors Theater, had achieved a near- the center of a community dedi- Dr. Zellig Bach Scholarship Fund perfect accent in her performan- cated to the study of Jewish Rev. Samuel A. Baker Memorial Scholarship ces, she decided her theater craft culture.” Scholarship in Honor of Joel and Lillian Cohen could only improve if she under- The countries from which the stood each word she uttered. So students hailed included France, Jaime Constantiner she enrolled in the Elementary England, Germany, Holland, Leah (Manya) Eisenberg Scholarship Fund Yiddish class. Israel, Japan and Poland. They Arn Un Sonya Fishman-Fundatsye Far Yidisher Kultur Korean businessman Young included librarians, a rabbi, (Aaron and Sonia Fishman Foundation for Jewish Soo Kang became interested in translators, a painter, a social Culture) Yiddish to combat incipient anti- worker and graduate students. Forverts Association Jewish sentiment in Korea by in- UWP participant Dr. Konrad Abe Goldberg Yiddish Language Scholarship Fund forming his countrymen about Zielinski wrote, “I work in the Ester Kodor Koyn-Priz Far Yidish-Lerers (Esther Codor Jews and Jewish culture. He was Center for Jewish Studies at Cohen Prize for Yiddish Teachers) also drawn to New York sources Maria Curie-Sklodowska Frances Litwer Krasnow Memorial Scholarship on Jacob Schiff, the Jewish philan- University in Lublin. I am gath- Nita Binder Kurnick Scholarship thropist who impacted Korean ering material for a book on the history by helping in the U.S. Polish-Jewish relationships Shmuel Lapin Memorial Scholarship financing of Japan in the Russo- during the First World War. I Leib Lensky Scholarship Fund in Memory of Sara and Japanese War. will be able to use some Yiddish Meir Kshiensky Alina Orlov, a Ph.D. candidate material in my research. I am The Max and Anna Levinson Foundation at UCLA, wrote in a letter to a sure it will be with a great bene- Sara Norich Memorial Scholarship UWP scholarship donor, “My fit for my work and career.” Golda Masha Plotkin Scholarship Bessy L. Pupko Scholarship Fund in Memory of Zelig, CALLING ALL ZUMER- Abraham and Joseph (Osia) Pupko and Paula Pupko Olkenitzkaya PROGRAM ALUMNI! Stuart Schear If you have not received the first issue of The Ruth & Misha Schneider Memorial Fund our alumni newsletter, Zumer in nyu- Sholem Aleichem Kultur-Tsenter york/Yiddish Summer Times, Louis Williams Scholarship Fund contact Yankl Salant at (212) 294-6138, Norman and Rosita Winston Scholarship Fund fax: (212) 292-1892, Harry and Celia Zuckerman Scholarship e-mail: ysalant@yivo.cjh.org.

14 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Project Judaica YIVO Program in Moscow Celebrates Fourth Graduation roject Judaica has held its Co-sponsored by YIVO and Yiddish professor Shimon Pfourth graduation ceremony conducted in partnership with Sandler and released just two Center at the Russian State University the Jewish Theological Seminary days after his death on June 28, of the Humanities in Moscow of America (JTS), the intensive 2001. The first copy of his book (RSUH). On July 4, nine students five-year program trains stu- was presented to his daughter. graduated from the program, dents as specialists in Jewish Graduate Anna Shchepetova, now in its tenth year, bringing studies, concentrating on Bible who is continuing her studies the total number of Project and rabbinics (the JTS track) or as a rabbinical student at the

Judaica graduates to 45. on Yiddish and East European Schechter Institute in Israel, Max Weinreich Jewish history (the YIVO track). thanked Project Judaica for Students wrote and defended teaching her about the impor- Two New Continuing final theses, some of which were tance of study in Jewish life. Education Courses recommended for publication. She concluded her talk by fter a record enrollment in Topics included “The Crown Rab- reciting the traditional Athe YIVO Yiddish Summer binate in Czarist Russia”; “Jews Sh’hekhiyanu prayer, saying that Program, the YIVO Fall 2001 in the Grand Duchy of Lithua- it helped express her great Yiddish language and literature nia, 14th to 16th Centuries”; and appreciation of the program courses are also growing in pop- “Jews in Pre-Revolutionary that had changed her and ularity. Two new courses this Moscow.” brought her “to this day.” semester are: “Translating Yid- Graduates were congratulated dish Texts: Theory and Practice,” by Dr. David Fishman, Director taught by Dr. Irena Klepfisz of of Project Judaica; Dr. Paul Barnard College, and “20th (Hershl) Glasser, Associate Dean Century Yiddish Literature in of the Max Weinreich Center at Translation,” taught by Marc YIVO; and Vice Rector Natalya Caplan of New York University. Basovskaya of the RSUH. Two regular courses that show Basovskaya, who hosted the record enrollments are: ceremony, spoke about the im- • “Intermediate Yiddish I,” taught portance of the Jewish Studies by Sholem Berger of New York program at the university. Other University School of Medicine, members of the university and a new instructor, and Jewish communities explored Dr. Paul Glasser, Associate Dean of YIVO's Max Weinreich the critical cultural role of Pro- Center (L), and Mark Krupovetsky, Executive Director, • “Advanced Yiddish I,” taught ject Judaica in the academic Center for Biblical and Jewish Studies of the RSUH, by Dr. Paul (Hershl) Glasser, community and its impact on congratulate student Artur Klempert at the Project Judaica graduation in Moscow. Associate Dean of the Max the extended Moscow Jewish Weinreich Center. community; they also addressed the amazing revitalization of Jewish learning in the former SummerSummer inin NewNew York!York! Study Yiddish Soviet Union. Summer 2002 Among the attendees were Uriel Weinreich Program Menachem Ben-Sasson, Rector at YIVO! in Yiddish Language, of the Hebrew University in Winter/Spring 2002 Jerusalem, and members of the Literature and Culture Spring semester begins Executive Committee of the 6-week intensive summer program in early February. Memorial Foundation of Jewish at Columbia University Contact YIVO Culture. Contact Yankl Salant to obtain a flier The graduation coincided with the publication of the new [email protected] and application form: textbook, Yiddish for Russian Tel: (212) 294-6138 (212) 246-6080. Speakers (Moscow, 2001), pre- Fax: (212) 292-1892 pared by the late Project Judaica hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 15 YIVO Public Programs: Winter – Spring 2002 Lectures, Colloquia and Panel Discussions – Partial Listing Distinguished Lecture Series Book Party & Panel Discussions Wednesday, February 13 7:30 pm Wednesday, March 6 5:30 pm Ansky’s Rusian Dybbuk New York Jews and the Decline of Urban Ethnicity Professor Seth Wolitz Book Party & Panel Discussion Professor Seth Wolitz will offer a fascinating look at the history Join us to celebrate the publication of New York Jews and the of The Dybbuk by Sh. Ansky, which premiered as a Yiddish play Decline of Urban Ethnicity by Professor Eli Lederhendler (Syracuse staged by the Vilna Troupe in 1920 and was performed in University Press, 2002), the first book-length study of Jewish Hebrew for the first time by Habima in Moscow in 1922. The culture and ethnicity in New York City after World War II. Dybbuk went on to become a mainstay of both Yiddish and Professor Lederhendler will look at the cause and effect of New Hebrew theater and has been translated into many other York City politics and culture in the 1950s and ‘60s and the inner languages, making it the most famous Jewish play ever written. life of one of the city’s largest ethnic and religious groups. The The Dybbuk represents a perfect hybrid of Russian and Jewish culture New York Jewish mystique has always been tied to the fabric and at the time of the first world war. Based on the evidence of newly fortunes of the city, as have the community’s social values, discovered manuscripts, Wolitz will confirm that Ansky’s first draft political inclinations, and its very idea of “Jewishness.” of the play was in Russian, and not Yiddish or Hebrew, as many Professor Lederhendler is the Stephen Wise Professor of believe. Ansky first wrote The Dybbuk for the Russian theater as a American Jewish History at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. demonstration that the Jews deserved a legitimate place in Russian He is the author of The Road to Modern Jewish Politics (1990), and national life. He portrayed Jewish mysticism as emerging from the Jewish Responses to Modernity (1994). Russian landscape, like the spiritualism of other peoples of Russia. He will be joined in a panel discussion by Henry Feingold, Professor Seth Wolitz is the Gale Professor of Jewish Studies and a Emeritus of Baruch College and the Graduate Center, CUNY, and Professor of French and Slavic at the University of Texas at Director of the Jewish Resource Center at Baruch College; and Ira Austin. He is the editor of The Hidden Isaac Bashevis Singer Katznelson, Ruggles Professor of Political Science and History at (University of Texas Press, 2002) and the author of numerous Columbia University, and the Vice President of the Academic articles and papers on Yiddish and Jewish culture. Advisory Board at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna. Book signing by the author. Tuesday, April 9 7:30 pm The Relationship Between Modern Yiddish and Hebrew Literature Max Weinreich Center Lectures Hillel Halkin YIVO’s Max Weinreich Center for Advanced Jewish Studies Modern Hebrew and Yiddish literature shared the same cradle: (MWC) is dedicated to the advancement of research and the cultural ferment of 19th-century Eastern and Central Europe. education in the areas of Jewish life and culture. Each year, the And like many brothers and sisters their relations have often recipients of MWC fellowships deliver public lectures based on been characterized by intense sibling rivalry. their research. For information about sponsoring or applying for Hillel Halkin will examine the similarities and differences between a fellowship, or for an updated schedule of MWC lectures, please these two literatures and pose a provocative question: Has the call (212) 246-6080. To reserve a place at MWC lectures, please time come to begin to consider modern Hebrew and Yiddish call the CJH box office at (917) 606-8200. literature as a single body of East European Jewish writing or are there good reasons to continue to think of them as separate? Tuesday, March 12 7:00 pm Rose & Isidore Drench Memorial Lecture Hillel Halkin, a native of New York City, has lived in Israel for over The Sacredness of the Family: 30 years. He is the author of Letters to An American Jewish Friend New York’s Immigrant Jews and Their Religion, 1890-1930 (1976) and the forthcoming Across the Sabbath River: In Search Of A Anne Polland (Columbia University) Lost Tribe of Israel. He is internationally known as a translator of Anne Polland, a doctoral candidate in history at Columbia Hebrew and Yiddish literature and as an essayist on literary, University, specializes in the Jews of the Lower East Side. In cultural, and political issues in the pages of Commentary, The New addition to her research in this field, she also leads historical Republic, The Forward, The Jerusalem Report, and other publications. walking tours of the area. Exhibition December 12-March 22 Mattityahu Strashun (1817-1885): Scholar, Leader, and Book Collector Samuel Strashun (1793-1872) and his son, Mattityahu (Mathias) Strashun (1817-1885) were both distinguished Talmudic scholars and great philanthropists in 19th- century Vilna (now known as Vilnius, Lithuania). The Strashun family was a staunch supporter of secular education as well as of yeshiva studies. Along with the Harkavy and Romm families, to whom they were connected by marriage, they formed the backbone of the Jewish community of pre-Holocaust Vilna. Mathias Strashun spent a great part of his fortune on collecting rare Hebrew books. In his will he bequeathed his magnificent library to the Vilna community, thus creating one of the first Jewish public libraries in Eastern Europe. When the Russians occupied Vilna in 1940, the Strashun Library was merged with the Vilna YIVO Library. A year later, shortly following the Nazi conquest of the city, it was decreed that all Jewish books be crated and shipped to Frankfurt am Main. Fortunately, the liberating forces of the American Army discovered the stolen books in 1945, and returned them to YIVO in New York in 1947. These items now make up the core of YIVO’s rare book collection, highlights of which are on display in this exhibition. Exhibition Hours: Monday-Thursday, 9:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Catalog for sale at the Center for Jewish History Shop. This exhibition is made possible through the generous support of Tanya Corbin, Irwin Jacobs, and the Waber Fund

16 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Film and Discussion Series: Jews in Soviet and Russian Cinema Curator & Moderator: Dr. Eric Goldman, Ergo Media. All films $7.00/ Students and seniors $3.50. Tickets may be purchased through the Center for Jewish History box office. Call (917) 606-8200 to order with a major credit card. To order by mail, please indicate the program(s) for which you want tickets and send check payable to: Center for Jewish History/Box Office, 15 West 16 Street, New York, NY 10011-6301

Monday, April 8 at 7:30 pm news of the Nazis’ murderous intentions toward Jews. A screen Komissar (The Commissar) adaptation of a play by Friedrich Wolf, who was an associate of Russia, 1967, 110 minutes Bertolt Brecht, the movie recounts the story of a Jewish surgeon and Director: Aleksandr Askoldov scientist, who, because of his high position and his status as a war Russian with English subtitles veteran, falsely believes himself to be immune from Nazi persecution. The first post-Stalinist portrayal of Russian Jewry, this film was Speaker: To Be Announced initially suppressed and not released in the USSR until 1987. Based on a 1934 story by Vasily Grossman, a Russian Jew whose Monday, May 20 at 7:30 pm writings were censored, it is set in a Jewish tinker’s crowded People’s Gala Concert cottage in 1922 during the civil war. Red Army commissar Russia, 1992, 143 minutes Klavdia Vavilova is forced to leave the battlefront because of an Director: Semyon Aranovich unwanted pregnancy and must take refuge with the poor Jewish Russian with English subtitles family. There, her toughness and rigidity are worn away by the Filmmaker Semyon Aranovich interviewed hundreds of warmth and compassion of her hosts and she comes face to face survivors and draws on rare film footage in this powerful study with the realities of a different culture. of the injustices perpetrated by Stalin in the post-World War II Speaker: To Be Announced period. A landmark in Russian documentary film history, People’s Gala Concert explores the roots of Russian anti-Semitism during Monday, April 22 at 7:30 pm the Soviet dictator’s final years and depicts the climate of Professor Mamlock paranoia, vicious scheming, and ruthless ambition that led to the Russia, 1938, 105 minutes murder of the famed Jewish actor Solomon Mikhoels and the Director: Adolph Minkin and Herbert Rappaport persecution of doctors accused of plotting to poison Stalin. Russian with English subtitles Speaker: To Be Announced This Soviet feature is the first dramatic film on the subject of Nazi anti-Semitism ever made, and the first to bring American audiences Music, Theater and Literature Wednesday, February 20 at 7:30 pm Wednesday, April 17 at 7:30 pm Dear Papa Evening with a Legend Bel Kaufman Sheldon Harnick Back by popular demand, Bel Kaufman, the granddaughter of Join us for an unforgettable evening as legendary Broadway celebrated Yiddish writer Sholom Aleichem and the author of the lyricist Sheldon Harnick recounts the very personal anecdotal 1964 bestseller, Up the Down Staircase, will recount intimate odyssey of his career through reminiscence and song. Harnick is memories of her grandfather in responding to a letter he wrote best-known as the lyricist of the musicals Fiorello and Fiddler on from America to Odessa when she was four years old, two years the Roof, but has also enjoyed an illustrious career in the field of before he died. She will reflect on the growing universal acclaim opera. Winner of two Tony Awards, two Grammy Awards, three for his work and legacy and share his humor and insights which gold records and one platinum, he has worked with many of the have greatly influenced her own experience as a writer. great composers and performers of our time, including Jerry A joint program of YIVO and the Sholom Aleichem Foundation Bock, Richard Rogers, and Beverly Sills. His wife, Marge Harnick, will join him onstage for part of the performance. Saturday, March 2 at 7:30 and 9:30 pm Lost Jewish Music of Transylvania Thursday, April 25 at 7:30 pm Muzsikás with Márta Sebestyen (Rescheduled from September 13, 2001) Hungarian bluegrass. Jewish gypsy music. Rollicking East Ghetto Cabaret European Jewish folk music from pre-World War II Hungary. It’s (Dramatic reading in Yiddish with simultaneous translation) all cut from the same cloth in ways that bring out the haunting, Attend this staged reading by actors and preview a new, powerful bittersweet quality of the unbelievably beautiful melodies. An Yiddish play about the last days of the Vilna Ghetto. Ghetto exotic sort of pre-klezmer string band, Muzsikás’ infectious Cabaret is based on research conducted in the YIVO Archives and rhythmic flair swells under the ethereal voice of Márta Sebestyen Library by co-writers Miriam Hoffman, a well-known Yiddish (who is featured on The English Patient soundtrack and the journalist and a founder of the Joseph Papp Yiddish Theater, and Grammy-winning Deep Forest album). playwright Rena Borow. The play uses sketches and songs Program made possible through the generous support of The Joseph S. performed in the ghetto theater, diaries, and memoirs to depict and Diane H. Steinberg Charitable Trust both the daily struggle for survival in the Vilna Ghetto and the creative force that fed Jewish spiritual and armed resistance. Dedicated to the memory of Sonya Staff and Mendl Hoffman

ALL EVENTS ARE FREE AND OPEN TO THE PUBLIC unless otherwise noted. RESERVATIONS FOR ALL EVENTS ARE REQUIRED. Space is limited. Please call the Center for Jewish History Box Office at (917) 606-8200 to reserve a place at free events or to order tickets. hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 17 Many Works Unavailable Elsewhere “Mattityahu Strashun” Exhibition Opens at YIVO Jewish education. They were also known for their enlightened attitudes, which were displayed Library in the library’s open-door policy to the community. It attracted hundreds of readers daily until 1940, when the Russians occupied Vilna and the Strashun Library was merged with the Vilna YIVO Library. “The preservation of the Strashun Rare Book Collection and the digitization of its card catalog are key to bringing this historic collection to scholars and the public,” YIVO Chairman Bruce Slovin noted. “Exhibiting Tanya Corbin, Strashun descendant and organizer of the family reunion, with these books helps YIVO fulfill its her husband Sol Neil and son David. mission – to preserve Eastern European Jewish treasures and or the first time in over half a The exhibition opening was to make them available to the Fcentury, rare volumes of the the occasion for the Strashun Jewish people. We are very Talmud that survived the family to hold their first ever grateful for the commitment of Inquisition and the Holocaust reunion. In all, 140 family Corbin and Jacobs to ensuring have been placed on exhibit. members from the United States, that this invaluable resource They are part of the giant 19th Europe and Israel attended. “It remains available to future century Strashun Library is one of the most important generations.” Collection housed at the YIVO events in my life,” Corbin told The exhibition continues at Library. On December 12, 2001 the opening convocation. YIVO through March 22, 2002. the exhibition “Mattityahu Their ancestors, Samuel The exhibition catalog may be Strashun; Scholar, Philanthropist, Strashun (1793-1872) and his son purchased from the Center for Book Collector” which traces the Mattityahu (Mathias) Strashun Jewish History Bookstore history of this great collection, (1817-1885) bequeathed this (917-606-8220). opened at YIVO. magnificent library to the Vilna YIVO is being helped in caring community in 1902, thus creating for the collection by descendants one of the first Jewish public of Mattityahu Strashun. Tanya libraries in Eastern Europe. The Corbin and her brother, Irwin 40,000 volume Strashun Library Jacobs, as trustees of the Waber Collection includes 25,000 Fund of New York City granted volumes of Hebrew rabbinics, YIVO $200,000 in 1999 to help 1,000 volumes of Yiddish defray the cost of cataloguing rabbinics, 8,000 volumes of the collection and making that secular Hebrew books and 5,000 catalogue available on-line. One- volumes of secular Yiddish fourth of the collection has been material. About 15,000 items posted with the Research in the Strashun Collection at Library Group (RLIN), allowing YIVO are unavailable in any scholars to obtain information other library. on 10,000 of the volumes. Distinguished rabbinic scholars The entire project is expected and great philanthropists, the Strashun family descendent Irwin to be completed by the end Strashuns were staunch Jacobs and his wife Ann, at the of 2003. supporters of both secular and opening of the exhibition.

18 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Miriam Weiner Donates Extensive Collection of “Roots” Books, Maps and Brochures

ore than 15 cartons, some requiring two strong President of the Routes to Roots Foundation, Mmen to lift them, were brought to YIVO. They collected the items during her research for her two contained about 400 books and hundreds of maps, books, Jewish Roots in Poland and Jewish Roots in travel brochures and travel books. Miriam Weiner, Ukraine and Moldova, co-published with YIVO. Weiner told Yedies, “Many of the books relate to

specific towns in the ‘old country,’ and as the Library books passed through my hands, names of friends came to mind who had roots in those exact towns. The temptation to send them a little ‘present’ was there, but in the end, I decided to send the books to YIVO.” Books that are duplicates of ones already in YIVO’s holdings will be loaned permanently to the Genealogy Institute at the Center for Jewish History. Weiner has been finding a “good home” for books for over 10 years. “Now that YIVO is situated in the Center for Jewish History, I felt my books would have the most use there. Also, since YIVO is co-publisher of my two books, I have an ongoing special relationship here.” Some books remain with Weiner. “Although this process enabled me to remove two bookcases from my dining room and kitchen, there are still hundreds of books remaining at my home office in New Jersey, along with thousands of antique postcards, maps, photographs and a remarkable collection of telephone books from towns in the former Soviet Union.” A finding aid to the collection is being prepared and will be available in both the YIVO Reading Weiner (R) presenting her Jewish “roots” collection to YIVO Room and the Genealogy Institute. Head Librarian Aviva Astrinsky. Marcia Posner Donates Magnificent Children’s Literature Collection he YIVO Library received a though the primary language is Tmagnificent collection of English, there are also works in Jewish children’s literature from Hebrew, French and Portuguese. Dr. Marcia Posner, an interna- Highlights include: Les Fêtes tionally renowned authority Juives: Pourim, a graphically in the field and the author of illustrated version of the Purim Jewish Children’s Books: How to story in French; Simlat ha-Shabat Use Them, How to Choose Them shel Hanah’leh ha-ketanah, a clas- (Hadassah Dept. of Education, sic Hebrew tale about a girl and 1986) and How to Organize a her special Sabbath dress; and Cover of Simlat Jewish Woman’s Book Collection Pessach a liberdade, a Portuguese ha-Shabat shel (Jewish Book Council, 1988). version of the Passover narrative. Hanah’leh ha- Of the 145 children’s books and The gift, which will form ketanah [The 15 adult books in the collection, The Marcia Posner Jewish Sabbath Dress of some are based on the Bible and Children’s Book Collection, Little Hannah] by the midrash, Jewish folk tales, greatly strengthens the YIVO Yitshak Dami’el. It is one of the and Hasidic legends. Others are Library’s holdings in Jewish books in the children’s literature. works of original fiction. Al- Posner collection.

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 19 Library Increases Holdings of Far East Slavic Judaica

he YIVO library continues includes a list of Jews who Tto expand its Slavic Judaica perished in World War II. collection. During the past • Romanova, V. V. Evrei na year material has come from Dal’nem Bostoke Rossii: II pol. remote places, including the XIX v.-I chetv. XX v. (Jews in Urals, Siberia and the Far East. the Far East of Russia: second Among the publications

Library half of 19th century-first received are: quarter of 20th century), • Evrei v Orenburgskom krae Khabarovsk, 2000: This first (Jews in the Orenburg terri- scientific research into the tory in the Ural), Orenburg, history of Jewish communities 1998: A history of the Jews in in the Far East reveals the Orenburg, from 1806 to the socioeconomic status of Jews, present. ethnic relations and some • Sibirskii evreiskii sbornik cultural and psychological (Siberian Jewish anthology), aspects of Jewish life in the Far Irkutsk, 1996: A second East. The author conducted collection devoted to the her research in the Moscow various aspects of Siberian and Saint Petersburg Russian Jewish life. State Archives, the Far Eastern Evreiskaia avtonomnaia oblast’: State History Archives, the • Kal’mina, L. V. and Kuras, L. V. entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ (Jewish archives of the Association of Evreiskaia obshchina v Autonomous Region: an Encyclopedia) Chinese Jews in Israel and the Zapadnom Zabaikal’e: 60-e gody (Various Fates - Common Fate: YIVO Archives. 19 veka - fevral 1917 goda (The History of Cheliabinsk Jews), Jewish community in Western • Evreiskaia avtonomnaia oblast’: Cheliabinsk, 1999: A history of Baikal area: 1860s-February entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ Cheliabinsk, the city of almost 1917), Ulan-Ude, 1999: The (Jewish Autonomous Region: four million people situated at social, economic and religious an Encyclopedia). Birobid- the foot of the Ural Mountains, life of Jews in the Baikal zhan, 1999: This work covers from the second half of the territory from the second half the economy, history, culture, 18th century until the present. of the 19th century to the climate and other aspects of Since the Perestroika, its Jews February revolution of 1917. the Jewish autonomous region have been able to live real (JAR) of Birobidzhan, which • Erusalimchik, G. I. Raznye Jewish lives and to establish still bears the name “Jewish” sud’by - obshchaia sud’ba: iz Jewish cultural and religious although almost no Jews live istorii evreev Cheliabinska institutions. The book also there now. Despite its few Jews, this community still Songs by Elyakum the Badhan plays a central role in Jewish Rare Miniature Book Donated life in the Far East. When the rare miniature book entitled Shirim Birobidzhan experiment was AHadashim: akht naye groyse fayne lider (New at its height in the mid-1930s, Songs: Eight New, Big, Beautiful Songs) by there was a plan to publish an Elyakum the Badhan, Vilna, 1870, has been encyclopedia on the JAR. Now donated to the YIVO library by Eiran Harris of that has come to fruition; the Montreal, Canada. It is a small collection of encyclopedia is written in popular Yiddish songs written and recited by Russian, not Yiddish, but it the famous badhan, Elyakum Zunser (1836-1913). includes almost all Soviet The badhan’s role was to make guests laugh and Yiddish cultural figures, and cry at East European Jewish weddings. the history of the JAR. Ano- ther interesting fact: many Zunser was one of a few badhans who Jews who are listed in this published his songs, and this enhanced his book now live in Israel or popularity. He was invited to the richest other countries. weddings for large fees of up to 100 rubles.

20 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 New Accessions to the YIVO Archives

States during the Holocaust Jersey. Lyvia Schaefer also and Soviet occupation. donated materials relating to the same Labor Zionist • Ella J. Maier donated coins of fraternal order, as well as the Third Reich. materials on the Workmen’s • Dr. Edward Luft donated Circle. documents about the Jewish • Dr. Chava Lapin, a member of communities in Szubin, Poland, YIVO’s National Board of Archives and Posen (in 1908), now Directors, donated Workmen’s Poland. Circle materials and other • Alexander I. Ross donated, materials relating to Jewish/ via YIVO Press Officer Elise Yiddish culture. Fischer, the memoir, by his • Renee Dubroff, daughter of father, Zelik Rozovski, of Hyman Sheskin, donated the Jewish community of additional documentation for Bobruisk, Belarus, in 1918. her father’s papers. These also • Rebecca Duchow donated, via include materials on Jewish Decorated relative of donor in Austro- Hungarian army (circa World War I). Shirley and Harry Miller, the culture and history. memoir of Rebecca Briansky Donor: Alvin Rosenbloom. • Nathalie Diener donated the Kalter of Grajewo, Poland, in Souvenir of papers of Jason Rich, a social 1919-29. the Hungarian HISTORY worker in Ohio and New York. American Literary • Gerben Zaagsma donated his • Basheva Ran donated mate- Society, 1929. Master’s dissertation on the rials on Jewish life in Cuba. Donor: Botwin Company of Jewish The YIVO Archives has a [continued on page 22] Roberta Solit volunteers in the Spanish Civil collection in the name of her War, written for the University late husband, Leizer, who was of London this year. a member of YIVO’s staff. • Jim Bennett donated mid- • An anonymous person do- 19th century documents on nated documents relating to the Jewish community of Palestine/Israel in the 1940s. Wloclawek, Poland. • The Srebnick family donated • Frank Siegel donated postcards, materials on Israel. including several written by • Colonel Seymour Pomrenze, his uncle, Benjamin Lubelski, Consulting Archivist of the while the latter was serving as Hebrew Immigrant Aid a volunteer in the Spanish Society (HIAS), donated addi- Civil War. Lubelski’s memoirs tional documentation to the have been published in Archive’s holdings of HIAS Yiddish. records. The new documents • Dr. Miriam Sidran donated the span the years 1910 through memoirs of the Vilna-born the 1960’s. psychoanalyst, Saul Gurevitz. . The typescript consists mostly of an account of his surviving LANDSMANSHAFTN, the Holocaust. Dr. Sidran also donated the memoirs of CONGREGATIONAL Miriam Zalk, which relate to AND FRATERNAL her life in the Ukraine, South DOCUMENTS Africa and Israel. • Gitl Bialer donated minutes of • Dr. Dov Levin donated ma- Branch 70 of the Jewish terials relating to his research National Workers’ Alliance, on Jewish life in the Baltic located in Paterson, New hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 21 Donor: JacobWeisbrod. Fela Nadel,discus throwerandmemberofthe 22 Archives New Accessions • RobertaSolitdonatedrecords • MarleneL.Bishowdonateda • BlumaLederhendler donated • RuthRiesnerdonatedminutes • As partofa YIVO co-sponsored those oftheKossuthFerencz societies in America, including of severalHungarianJewish etery inElmont,New York. located intheBethDavidCem- Benevolent Society, whichis by theVolper Young Men’s cemetery mapofthelotowned Aid Society. r (via SuzanneZaharoni) the founded inNew York. 1846, theyearOrder was Sisters, whichdatebackto of theUnitedOrder ofTrue and Woodbridge. Sulphur Springs,Woodbourne A Lake Huntington,Lindfield r Y tions inSullivanCounty, New project onJewishcongrega- ecords ofthefollowinggroups: ecords oftheRyker Fraternal ork, Dr. MarieSacksdonated venue, SwanLake,White Shtern Labor Zionistsports clubinWarsaw (1930). YIVO News Winter 2001-2002 • FloraMolodSteinman • EtaWrobel, Chairof YIVO’s • Thefollowingdonorsgave MA GENEALOGICAL Onzepko Veterans’ Reunion. Klein CharityCircle; andthe Literary Society;theStella Association; theHungarian Literary, Sickand Benevolent and documents,aswellrare donated familyphotographs photographs andmaterials. Division, donatedfamily International Women’s Schnoll; andEllisSchulman. Rosenbloom; Theodore Metselaar, Saul Ostrow; Alvin and JesseMarsh;Barbara Lipnick; BarbaraWeber Marsh Evelyn Kalinsky;William Morris andBenjaminHerson; rian; Dr. ShlomoEidelberg; and Aaron Miller, thehisto- graphs: BeatriceDonovan family documentsandphoto- TERIALS [continued from page21] • IsaacandMashaKowalski • TheJewishMuseumofPrague • HankaHirszhautdonateda • Avril andRaymondBehr HOLOCAUST • SolomonKrystal,amember of • MiltonZysmandonateda • Dr. ChanaSchachnerdonated • NaomiKanteydonatedthe LITERA of theprevious century. Lower EastSidefrom theturn letters from rabbisonthe Europe. movements inNazi-occupied edited, onJewishresistance Kowalski assembledand the anthologies,whichMr. of correspondence relating to of thenewmaterialsconsist Mr. Kowalski’s papers. Most donated alarge increment to Holocaust. leader whoperishedinthe rating aJewishcommunity donated amedalcommemo- (a.k.a. HenrykRomanowski). penned byHeniekRajchman and oftheuprisingthere detailed accountofTreblinka Ghetto inLithuania. account oftheSlobodka donated Mot(e)lPogir’s Shimon Sandler. from theSoviet Yiddish writer Directors, donatedaletter YIVO’s NationalBoard of century. poet, probably from the19th poems byanunidentified bound collectionof Yiddish school poems. Esther KaderCohen’s Yiddish Hebrew, RussianandEnglish. also anessayistin Yiddish, ist leaderandeditorwhowas the distinguishedLaborZion- papers ofChaimGreenberg, TURE Archives

Yiddish sheet music from the play “Chantshe in America” “Eli Eli” (1919) from the play “Brokhe, or the Jewish King of (1920s). Donor: Ellen S. Rodis. Poland for One Night.” Donor: Ellen S. Rodis.

MUSIC, THEATER • Zelde Krulewitz, Lee Silver- manuscripts, including AND RECORDINGS shein (28 pieces) and Lucille compositions by Henoch Wright donated Jewish sheet Ko(h)n. music. • Recordings were donated by • Ellen S. Rodis donated 14 the following individuals: • Sidney J. Stark donated four pieces of Hebrew and Yiddish Evelyn Berger, Jack Berger (51 manuscripts, and other items, sheet music, of which three are 78-rpm records), Samuel B. as additions to the papers of new to YIVO’s holdings. Kuckley, Dr. Richard Leweson the composer Vladimir • The choral conductor Madelin (22 78-rpm records), Richard Heifetz. Rubin, Hazel Tchernoff Simon donated the manuscript (including an unpublished • The soprano Masha Benya of Jacob Schaefer’s operetta item) and Gloria Waxler. Matz donated music “A Bunt mit a Statshke” (“A [continued on page 24]

Both sides of a business card for a hotel in the Catskills (circa 1930). Donor: Isaac Kowalski.

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 23 New Accessions [continued from page 23]

Revolt and a Strike”). PHOTOGRAPHIC AND • Marianne Dacy, Rare Books VISUAL MATERIALS Librarian at the University of • Labor Zionist and Workmen’s Sydney, Australia, donated Circle activist Jacob Weisbrod, (via Elise Fischer, YIVO Press together with his daughter, Officer) liturgical composi- Myra Treitel, donated photo- tions of Boaz Bischofswerder, graphs of the interwar Warsaw

Archives who moved from Germany to Gwiazda (Star) Jewish soccer Australia in 1940. team and of the Bais Yaakov • Marian Levine donated pho- Orthodox girls’ school in inter- tographs of her grandfather, war Ostrow, Poland. They also the Yiddish actor Samuel donated materials relating to Lawnfield. the Ringelblum-Anielewicz Branch of Workmen’s Circle. • Margo Michaels donated the program to the Yiddish Art • Martin Levinson donated Theatre’s staging of “The Feyge Nadel, Polish-Jewish athlete three films, including a docu- Brothers Ashkenazi,” by Israel who perished in the Holocaust. mentary on the Warsaw Ghetto. Joshua Singer. Donor: Jacob Weisbrod. • Ann and Harold Platt do- nated Bund photographs Federation), Dr. Jack Jacobs, from Malkin, Poland, and Murray Kass and Yitzchak ART AND OBJECTS New York City. Meyer Twerski. • Rose Ibsen Sigal donated • Emily R. Birnbaum donat- • Lucy Alperin Corin donated additional documents to the ed photographs from the the antique Hebrew typewri- papers of her husband, Albert 1940’s of American Jewish ter which belonged to her Dov Sigal, an artist who spe- organizations. cialized in enamel paintings father, the Yiddish journalist and engravings. and editor Aron Alperin. • Frances Pargman donated a photograph from the 1900’s • Ernest Kahn donated Hebrew • Recent posters were donated by of Radzymin, Poland. Randy Belinfante (Librarian buttons from recent American of the American Sephardi political campaigns. • The artist Emily Corbato do- nated her photograph of the Western (Wailing) Wall in Jerusalem.

SPECIAL THANKS • The National Yiddish Book Center has given YIVO a large collection of documents that have been gathered in the course of its work rescuing Yiddish books. The donation, made through Gabriel Hamilton, adds significantly to the papers of the Yiddish writer and editor Osher Schuchinsky, and to the papers of the Yiddish linguist Nathan Susskind. Also included was a long Yiddish novel manu- script, The Two Flowers, written Jewish soldiers with their chaplain in the Austro-Hungarian army (pre-World War I). in 1887, author unknown. Donor: Alvin Rosenbloom.

24 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Three Yiddish plays by Arthur Wolfson, the thousand-page autobio- graphy of Morris Rosen, and the Yiddish manuscripts of Sol Grandier are other im- portant parts of this gift. Archives • Special thanks also go out the New York State Department of Insurance Liquidation Bureau which recently donated the records of the Congre- gation Sons of Abraham, Independent Brotherhood of Yonkers. Records of the landsmanshaftn of Bielsko, Toshiya Gymnasium 7th grade students, among them Saul Gurevitz (future psychoanalyst), Bulovina, Hrubieshov, in Vilna (1937). Donor: Miriam Sidran. Kartuz Bereza, Odessa, • Eiran Harris, the outstanding historically valuable manu- Medzhibozh, Radymno, Montreal zamler, continues scripts. His endeavors on be- Sobolivka and Weislitz, to send YIVO a variety of half of saving Jewish and labor also were included. ephemera and also several history are truly remarkable. Music Archives Praised as “Wonderful Resource of YIVO” IVO's music archivist, Chana Mlotek, has been Original scores of the klezmer music of Harry Ycorresponding with overseas scholars and Kandel and Joseph Cherniavsky were provided. laypersons from Augsburg, Moscow, Cambridge, Requests were received for an article about the Dusseldorf, Potsdam, Berlin, and other European actor Abe Sincoff, for biographical data on theater and Eastern European cities and universities. composers Arnold Perlmutter, Herman Wohl and In the United States, the recent requests have David Meyerowitz. Tables of contents of several been for specific theater and art songs. A disco- music anthologies were referenced, and the score graphy of the singer Sidor Belarsky was sought for of the operetta "Kuni Leml" by Abraham the Milken Archive, which is planning to issue 50 Goldfaden was forwarded. recordings of American Jewish music. Dr. Jack Calls about numerous individual songs were Gottlieb, a musicologist and composer, requested answered, as well as the many queries by bibliographical data and photographs for a new e-mail and letter. These included folksongs such as book on the Jewish sources of American popular "Sheyn bin ikh sheyn" (I Am Pretty), "Unter Yankeles music. Sheet music containing the theme of The vigele" (Under Yankele’s Cradle), and "Lomir ale in Wandering Jew was sought for an exhibit in Paris. eynem" (Let Us All Together). Questions also came Songs of Dachau were furnished for that about popular songs by Mordechai Gebirtig: community. "Undzer shtetl brent" (Our Town Is Burning) and A special thank you to YIVO came from the "Zay gezunt mir kroke" (Farewell, Cracow). Other Amherst College Music Library, which called the popular songs requested were "Eyli, eyli" (My Music Archives a “wonderful Resource of YIVO” God), "Shlof mayn kind" (Sleep My Child) and (see letters, page 31). "Margaritkelekh" (Daisies). Requests were also fielded for translations of The Music Archive continues to receive poetry of the Holocaust, East European music and published and unpublished music scores from material on Yiddish poets in America. The music several donors, all of which have been of poets Morris Rosenfeld, Abraham Reisen and incorporated into our growing archival collections. Moyshe Kulbak was supplied. hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 25 T Feyge Goldfarb, Toyvie Czarny, RoklElnewajg, andMoysheErdfarb,members of sukunft 26 EPYC (Seepage8). Culture – module ofYIVO’snewEducational Program onYiddish communal history of20thcenturyLublinare thefocus ofthefirst villages andtowns.Theeconomic,cultural,religious, politicaland W The followingpictures from theYIVO Archives record pre World YIVO Donors ar IIJewishlifeinthecityofLublinanditssurrounding , theJewishBund youthmovement,inaboatnear Lublin(1930s). T Elaine Barlas Patricia A.BarrandRolfM.Sternberg Esther AncoliandDr. MarkBarbasch Baker &McKenzie Helen V. AtlasandDr. SheldonM. Anonymous Carmela andMiltonR.Ackman RealtyAssociates 72A Gifts of$1,000-$4,999 Esther AncoliBarbasch,Anneand Helen andRivaKrieger, Stevenand Gifts of$10,000andAbove 2001 aswelltwospecialdonorsof$10,000andabove. $5,000 andabove.Thisissuerecognizes donorsof$1,000-$4,999from November1,2000-October31, W Arthur D.Zinberg Ancoli Israel Gary Gilbar, Drs.Andrew andSonia Dorothy Krieger illiam J.Linklater Jewish heritagethrough theirgenerous support.Inthelastissue, he YIVO InstituteforJewishResearch thanksthefollowingdonorsforhelpingtopreserve our Donors of$1,000andAboveFrom YIVO News Winter 2001-2002 Karen and GeraldL.Cohen Chris-Craft IndustriesInc. Bronia and LeoChosid Casdin CapitalPartners,LLC Carter Stone&Company, Inc. Gladys Brownstein James Brown andPennyLee Harry J.Brown II Elizabeth andWarren Brody Eve andAnthonyBonner Joan andDr. JosephBirman Blanche BimkoandEmanuelBinder Bender-Fishbein FoundationInc. Sanford L.Batkin Ann L.andHerbertJ.Siegel Sharon and Jeffrey W. Casdin Leslie Carter Richard Fishbein Kazimierz, Lublin (1920s). Khaym, theoldferryman, inhisboatontheVistula River near Y edies Ezra JackKeatsFoundation,Inc. Eugene M.GrantandCompany Estate ofRoseVainstein Estate ofRebeccaStarker Estate ofMirraGinsburg Rosalyn andIrwinEngelman Florence andMichaelEdelstein Charles Dimston Rosalind Devon New York DailyNews Rena Costa Caren andDr. Arturo Constantiner Dr. DavidConney Faith Coleman Martin Pope Eugene M.Grant Cynthia andFrederick Drasner acknowledged giftsof November 1, 2000 – October 31, 2001

The Fan Fox and Leslie R. Samuels Margaret and Perry Goldberg Jewish United Fund/Jewish Federation Foundation, Inc. of Metropolitan Chicago Joseph C. Mitchell Katja B. Goldman and Michael Barbara Gold Sonnenfeldt Doris and Dr. Saul J. Farber Joseph Meyerhoff Family Charitable Goldman, Sachs & Co., Inc. Funds Shain and Larry Fishman Suzanne and Thomas S. Murphy, Jr. Terry M. Rubenstein Miriam and Richard S. Friedman H. Reisman Charitable Trust Thelma Reisman David I. Karabell Martin J. and Lauren Schor Geller Harry and Marilyn Cagin Susan and Jerome L. Katz Dr. Ellen Berland Gibbs Philanthropic Fund Linda and Ilan Kaufthalf Anne and Gary Gilbar Harry Cagin

Dr. Patti Kenner YIVO Donors Carol and Gilbert Goldstein Heidrick & Struggles, Inc. Philanthropic Fund Gerard R. Roche Ida and Harry Kinkulkin Carol and Gilbert Goldstein Samuel Herzog Mayer Koplovitz, Esq. Myrna and Norman J. Ginstling Martha M. and Anthony J. Ian Carolyn and Steven Kotler Meryl G. and David Givner Gillian E. Jacobson-Friedman Kraft Haiken & Bell LLP Camille F.W. and Alan J. Gladstone Jack Resnick & Sons, Inc. Edward R. Haiken Estelle Glasser Judith and Burton P. Resnick Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP Thomas E. Constance, Esq. Ida Glezer Jewish Genealogical Society Estelle M. Guzik Kriss & Feit, P.C. Carl Glick Amy and David S. Kriss

In the Lublin office of the American Joint Distribution Committee where above the door next to the American flag hangs a quotation from Pirkei Avos [Ethics of the Fathers] in Heb- rew and Polish: “The work is great and the day is short.” (1919) hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 27 Donors [continued from page 27] Marcell & Maria Roth Fund Inc. Ocram, Inc. Irene E. Pipes Marco Walker Benjamin V. Lambert Max & Clara Fortunoff Foundation, Inc. Morton L. Olshan Lawrence & Carol Zicklin Alan M. Fortunoff Philanthropic Fund Oscar Heyman & Brothers, Inc. Carol and Lawrence Zicklin Leni and Peter W. May Adam C. Heyman

Sylvia Z. and Jonathan Leader Vladka and Benjamin Meed Overseas Shipholding Group, Inc. Morton P. Hyman Dalia and Laurence C. Leeds, Jr. Perla B. and Dr. Julio Messer Seymour H. Persky Lehrer, McGovern Bovis Milberg Weiss Bershad Hynes & Lerach Eileen G. and Peter M. Lehrer Melvyn I. Weiss, Esq. Ann and Harold Platt

Carol L. and Jerry W. Levin Milstein Properties Louis Pozez Abby and Howard P. Milstein Rita and David Levy Lewis Rabinowitz Ornella and Robert E. Morrow YIVO Donors Madeline and Irwin Lieber R.A.K. Group, LLC MSB Strategies Randy Kohana John L. Loeb Jr. Foundation Martin Begun John L. Loeb, Jr. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Ruth G. and Edgar J. Nathan III Edward H. Robbins Louis Williams Foundation, Inc. Elliot Scher Newmark & Company Real Estate Inc. Nina and David Rogow Jeffrey R. Gural Lowenthal, Landau, Fischer & Bring, Sandra P. and Frederick P. Rose New York Observer P.C. Tina Rosenberg Marlene and Edward J. Landau Linda and Arthur L. Carter

Girls at the B’nos summer camp dancing with arms linked, Radzyn (1931).

28 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Murray Rosenblatt Joan and Ira H. Slovin Vedder, Price, Kaufman & Kammholz Charles B. Wolf, Esq. Dr. Henry and Nitza Rosovsky Gloria Smith and Jacob Faber Gladys O. and Allen C. Waller Darin S. Samaraweera Hon. Abraham D. and Marion S. Sofaer Irene and Robert S. Walters Samuel and Jean Frankel Foundation Sara and Martin L. Solomon Jean and Samuel Frankel Wank & Liptzin, LLP Carol L. Stahl Rhona and Richard Liptzin Carol and Michael A. Scheffler Max Stollman Weiss, Peck & Greer, L.L.C. Sherry L. and Barry F. Schwartz Mikel L. Stout, Esq. Jay C. Nadel Rose and Herman Schwimmer Norma and Julian Svedosh Wertheim, Schroder & Company, Inc. Jean and Charles Segal Eleanor and Mort Lowenthal Helene and Morris Talansky Nancy B. and Robert Segal Shelby White and Leon Levy Tanner & Co., Inc. Whitman Heffernan Rhein & Co., Inc.

Natalie and Howard W. Shawn Estelle N. and Harold Tanner YIVO Donors Lois and Martin J. Whitman Sholem Aleichem Folk Shul No. 21, Inc. Sara and Benjamin Torchinsky Bella Gottesman Leo Wind Dorothy C. Treisman Patricia and David Shulman Workmen’s Circle Branch 612 Myra and Dr. Herman Treitel Silverstein Properties, Inc. Eta and Henry Wrobel Mr. and Mrs. Abraham Turow Klara and Larry A. Silverstein Genevieve G. and Justin L. Wyner U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum Silverton Foundation, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Shalom Yoran Andrew S. White Mira Jedwabnik Van Doren and John Van Doren

Warsaw Library League members on a fieldtrip to the ruins of the castle of Kazimierz the Great. The watchtower is in the distance (1930s).

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, 29 Treasures from Blechman Collection of Yemenite Jewelry and Palestinian Judean Crafts Exhibited at YIVO n important exhibit Aof Yemenite jewelry and crafts, ”Treasures from the Burton M. Blechman Collection of Yemenite and Palestinian Judean Crafts and Books,” was featured during November 2001 at YIVO’s Center for Jewish History in Manhattan. This exhibition, co-sponsored by the American Sephardi Federation and the Yemenite Jewish Federation of America, highlighted jewelry and other decorative items from the Blechman Collection, which is housed in the YIVO Archives. A study collection totaling 640

Exhibitions/Colloquia pieces of Yemenite and British Mandate/pre-British Mandate Palestinian silver craft, the Blechman Collection also includes a library that Necklace from the Blechman Collection. provides background and research information on Bellow wrote in appreciation. “And for the sake of the craft. Donated by Blechman’s estate in 1998, your souls, read Burt Blechman.” Blechman’s first the collection joined other YIVO ethnographic novel, How Much, was adapted by Lillian Hellman materials documenting Jewish life and culture for Broadway, and praised by Alfred Kazan as “a around the world. book that comes off with painful power.... inimi- Burton M. Blechman (1927 - 1998), a renowned table.” He subsequently wrote four other novels: novelist, was one of the best contemporary The War of Camp Omongo, Maybe, Stations and The American satirists. “Turn off the television,” Saul Octopus Papers.

“Americanizing the Holocaust” Lecture and Panel Held at YIVO

he issue of Holocaust memory occupies a America” (University of Washington Press). Tprominent place on the national stage, with The following morning, a select group of vigorous debate over its meaning for modern scholars met to discuss the critical issues raised in society. On November 18 and 19 that debate took Dr. Mintz’s lecture. The distinguished panelists place at the Center for Jewish History through a for this event included David Gedzelman, colloquium entitled “Americanizing the Holocaust: Creative Director at Makor; Deborah Dash The Past and Future of Holocaust Memory in Moore, Professor of Jewish History at Vassar America.” The two-day academic conference, a College; James Young, Professor of Jewish Studies joint program of the YIVO Institute for Jewish at the University of Massachusetts Amherst; and Research, the American Jewish Historical Society Jeffrey Shandler, Assistant Professor of Yiddish and the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, Studies at Rutgers University. In addition to began with a public lecture by Alan Mintz, Chana discussing responses to the lecture, the scholars Kekst Professor of Hebrew Literature at the Jewish also began to gauge the role popular culture Theological Seminary in New York. Professor Mintz plays in redefining the meaning of the Holocaust spoke about his recently published book, “Popular and how the future shape of Holocaust memory Culture and the Shaping of Holocaust Memory in will impact Jewish identity.

30 YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 Letters

Readers are encouraged to write to us by regular mail or e-mail. Donation to 9/11 Families Vilna Greeting As so many police officers and firefighters have done before, you have answered an urgent call for Hearty Vilna regards. I wish you all a normal life in assistance. Thank you for your contribution on today’s terrible times. I hope that Maria October 8, 2001, of $1,280 to the New York Police and Krupoves’s [visiting Heifetz Fellow, see page 9] Letters Fire Widow’s and Children’s Benefit Fund. [See visit will be a pleasant acquaintance. related story, page 3.] Since September 11, the noblest Fira Bramson of human responses — unbounded generosity, Chief Librarian for Judaica unmatched resolve and unwavering support for those in need — have flourished in the face of National Library of Lithuania despicable evil. Your generous support of families Vilnius, Lithuania whose loved ones paid the ultimate sacrifice, forms part of the collective human response. Sincerely yours and God bless America, Thank You Letters David M. Golush Treasurer, The New York Police and Fire Widows’ and Thank you to Yeshaya Metal of the YIVO Library Children’s Benefit Fund, Inc. for his wonderful help with the interview for my school project. I received 96 percent for my assignment—the top mark for the class. Reaction to September 11 Elyse Petrolito As a former student of the Uriel Weinreich Summer Once again I am writing to thank the YIVO Library. Program I want to let you know how shocked, sad The material on Simkha-Bunim Shayevitch arrived and grieved I am about the attacks on the U.S. that yesterday and it is much better than I had dared to cost so many peoples’ lives. I hope and pray to g”d, hope for. I hadn't expected quite so many that everybody at the YIVO Institute and their secondary sources and I will now have to revise families and friends are alive and well. the bibliography for the article on him that I am Barbara Michalk writing. Thank you so much. I really couldn't have Koenigswinter, Germany done justice to this topic without your help. Goldie Morgentaler I would like to express my sorrow and sympathy Dept. of English to all of you. The tragic events have united us all University of Lethbridge on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. As the Presi- Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1K 3M4 dent of “Forum for Dialogue Among Nations,” an organization that promotes democracy, tolerance Thank you so much to the YIVO Music Archives and mutual understanding, I cannot stay indif- for sending the sheet music — Ballad of the Red Rock ferent to terrorism and aggression against innocent — to us. Our Yiddish Book Center here in Amherst civilians. At the same time, I hope that you and suggested that we contact your institute with our your families did not suffer during the attack. questions. We are very happy to learn about the Andrzej Folwarczny wonderful resources of the YIVO Institute. Thank Former Member, Parliament of Poland you for your own work in finding this music. President, Forum for Dialogue Among Nations Ann Maggs Amherst College Music Library Seeking Piechotka Book Amherst, MA I read about the book “Heaven’s Gates Masonry Synagogues” in YIVO News Summer 2001 on page The pages from the Forward and from Abraham 7 and have been trying to track a copy down ever Reisen's "Zing" arrived yesterday and I am very since. Can you tell me where to find one? I thank grateful for them… This is my first experience with you in advance for your help. YIVO, and I wonder at the service that [your] Barry W. Sufrin librarians provide people whom they never see, Chicago, Illinois speak with, or have a letter from. I live in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, which is beautiful Editor’s Note: and friendly but where you can imagine research YIVO received its copy from the German book- libraries, to say nothing of specialists in Yiddish, dealer, Harrassowitz. You may reach them at are not common. [email protected] or www.harrassowitz.de. Charles A. Miller New Market, Virginia

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pTrahhsgbg tuh; p†ragrx hubdg †bdgvuhci zhl v†y zh bhu-h†re/ thi sh tuh; zhl v†ci h†r phr sh cnal pgksgr nhyi Temgby tuh; sgr tuh; Temgby nhyi pgksgr T nhy 3491q4491 h†r TeTsgnhai thi dgkgrby TxPhrTbyur sgr pui eurxi eukyur-dgahfyg pui TaFbzw cgher TaFbzw pui eukyur-dgahfyg IPr†ckgngi mhek pubgo Pr†drTo zhl v†ci uu†x xyusgbyiw 06 vgfgr thi nhzrj-thhr†Pgw v†y t˙bdgphry v†y nhzrj-thhr†Pgw thi zh †cgr aPrTl"w hHshagr sgr pui sh pui pgksgr sh thi xPgmhTkhzhry b˙g p†rangy†si uuh Tbegygx tui Tbegygx uuh p†rangy†si b˙g tuhl h†ri uu˙ygrsheg sh thi v†y pTrthbygrgxhrubdgi uuhxbaTpykgfg e†bygxyi uu†x v†ci dgaTpi b˙gow dgaTpi v†ci uu†x e†bygxyi tui eubxy x†mh†k†dhgw Trundgbungi tui phk†k†dhg hHshag hHuu†: pui bhay-e†buugbmh†bgki neurho- bhay-e†buugbmh†bgki dgahfyg pui xgnhbTri sh dgahfyg/ tui ge†b†nhe dgahfygw khygrTyurw nTygrhTk/ ehhi auo p†ragr pui p†ragr auo ehhi nTygrhTk/ sgr aTmehw hgeç s"r dgphry v†ci tui Pxhf†k†dhg xyTyhxyhew hHshagr dgahfyg e†i zhl v˙by zhl e†i dgahfyg hHshagr xgergyTr uuhxbaTpykgfgr b˙gr T x†mh†k†dhg/ tui PgsTd†dhew bhay sgrkuhci mu thdb†rhri sh sr˙ sh thdb†rhri mu sgrkuhci bhay nTre xgemhgw vhxy†rhagr sgr pui v†ci xyusgbyi m†k drgxgrg cgbs vhxy†rhag arhpyi pui hHuu†w pui arhpyi vhxy†rhag cgbs )hHshag uuhabhmgr rjk uuhabhmgrw xgnhbTr-Trcgyi zhhgrg dgarhci sh muuhh cgbs ge†b†nhag arhpyiw sh arhpyiw ge†b†nhag cgbs muuhh sh nTvkgrw rptk eubxy-dgahfyg(w dgahfyg hHshagr pui ygngx tuh; 5 cgbs phk†k†dhag arhpyiw sh 44 sh arhpyiw phk†k†dhag cgbs 5 b†ckw aknv s"r e†x†uugrw nrsfh gk-Ph thz uu†x nhzrj-thhr†Pgw thi cgbs hHuu†-ckgygr tui sh 41 cgbs 41 sh tui hHuu†-ckgygr cgbs uu†x kgrgrx t"T/ ngbgx Tçrvo Trfhuu- sh tuh; cTzhry dguugi Fkk IhHuu† gbhugk"/ gx v†y zhl thi zhh thi zhl v†y gx gbhugk"/ IhHuu† xgnhbTri sh thi cTyhhkhey zhl v†ci sh thi hHuu†/ pui nTygrhTki †bdgzTnky Ti tumr pui vhxy†rhai pui tumr Ti †bdgzTnky zgbgi uu†x ergshyiw cTeungi v†ci eurxi sh v†ci dgahfyg-xgnhbTri uuhxiw uu†x z˙i ck˙chei uugry thz uugry ck˙chei z˙i uu†x uuhxiw ay†yhai sgo pui dguu†ri †bgregby hHshag cTeTbyg dgphry auugr ]†P[muaTmi/ auugr zhl pkgdi gx sgrmHubdx-e†nhygy/ ahPgrw uuh Puhki thi vhxy†rhegrx ≈ s"r haghv yrube haghv s"r ≈ sgr pui eurxi sh thi cTyhhkhei sgr pui rhbdgkckuo/ nTvkgrw T ehmur pui T rgpgrTy dgvTkyi cg, dgvTkyi rgpgrTy T pui ehmur T zhh xyusgbyi/ 01Ω02 pui TxPhrTbyur T tuhxdguuTexi thz TxPhrTbyur sgr huçk-e†bpgrgb. pui hHuu†w n˙ 5791/ n˙ hHuu†w pui huçk-e†bpgrgb. sgr 0591/ chz †bdgvTkyi v†ci v†ci uu†x p†ragrxw eTsgr hubdgr thcgrdgsruey pui sh mueubpyw b†uugncgr mueubpyw sh pui thcgrdgsruey pui muay˙gr sgr thz xl-vFk thi sh thi cTyhhkhey aPgygr zhl ' rgs ≈ 843Ω253/ ' zz 5791w hHuu† pTr sgr hHshagr dgahfyg- hHshagr sgr pTr hHuu† hHuu†/ pui tuhxdTcgx uuhxbaTpykgfg y YIVO News Winter 2001-2002 hHuu† tui sh hHshag sh tui hHuu† vhxy†rh†drTphg ]tuhxmudi[* vhxy†rh†drTphg dgahfyg pui hHuu† thi sgo Pry thz cTkgrguushe thz Pry sgo thi husTHxyhagr tui rcbhagr xgergyTr kTbdgrh†rhegr gr yagrhe†uugrx vesnv muo grayi muo vesnv yagrhe†uugrx b˙xyg sh tui khygrTyur-aTpubdw xgemhg vhxy†rhagr sgr pui s / gr ar˙cy gr / arhpyi vhxy†rhag cTbs pui †i gr vhhcy dgahfyg hHshag thz yagrhe†uugrw tkhvu hHuu†w pui s†ryi: Ish grayg tuhpdTcg pui tuhpdTcg grayg Ish s†ryi: tui rguu†kumhg prTbmhhzhagr sgr angui pui †bvgbdgr vhhxgr T dguugi tubszgr xgemhgw uuh nhr aygki zhl aygki nhr uuh xgemhgw tubszgr ngbsgkx†i-≤eupv"/ sgr pui bhay pui tui ahyv vhxy†rhagr sucb†uux p†rw sTr; bhy z˙i ngfTbha thcgr- ngfTbha z˙i bhy sTr; p†rw eukyur- b˙g sh pui tuhxsrue Ti v†y sucb†uu uu†x rguuhzhg sgr pkTbmi thi hHshaw uu†x thz auhi thz uu†x hHshaw thi pkTbmi nhzrj- sgr thi ygbsgbmi hHshagr gkygrgr sgr thi dgnTfy tuhpi dgchy pui hHshagr dgahfyg hHshagr pui dgchy tuhpi thz xçhçv hHshagr thhr†PgHagr cukyxygr uugngbx vhxy†rh†drTphgw thi Tbsgrg aPrTfi sgrahbgiw b†r sgrahbgiw aPrTfi Tbsgrg thi T uuh hHsha Ts†Pyhri s†x dguugi v˙brhl dguugi thz rgPrgzgbyTby aTpi Õ†rhdhbgk ]tubygrdgayr†fi Õ†rhdhbgk aTpi pui aPrTl-thbxyrungby sgr pui TsTPyTmhg s†zheg sh drg./ thi ygexy[ thi sgr hHshagr aPrTl hHshagr sgr thi ygexy[ thi thz uu†x p†raubdw uuhxbaTpykgfgr yagrhe†- surl ahyv sucb†uuhagr /// auhi sh aPrTl Tkhhiw thi uugkfgr thi Tkhhiw aPrTl sh auhi /// rguu†kumh†bgrgr T ctn, dguugi muo ek†r dgeungi thz uugri nhr Trcgyiw c˙ sgr r†kg uu†x r†kg sgr c˙ Trcgyiw nhr sh tuhpvhhci s†x arhy/ gr uu†x vesnu, sh thi tuhxsrue hHsha aPhky thi tubszgr x†mhTki tubszgr thi aPhky hHsha dgb†xi bhay v†y uu†x p†kexaPrTlw muuhh ]grayg[ sh mu dgarhci v†y tui eukyurgki kgciw Tkx Pr†suey Tkx kgciw eukyurgki tui bhay jahçu, druhxgr mu ehhi pui pui arhpyi vhxy†rhag sh pui cgbs tui dk˙fm˙yhe xyhnuk pui tubszgr pui xyhnuk dk˙fm˙yhe tui b†r thbygkhdgb.w sgr c˙ ckuhz 7391(/ 9291w )uuhkbgw hHuu† nTxi-eukyurw ayuhxy mu b˙g yg- b˙g mu ayuhxy nTxi-eukyurw sgr c˙ Tphku ngxw mu b˙g †PaTmubdgi tui Tphku tui †PaTmubdgi b˙g mu ngxw duptw p†kexnTxg mu b˙g euuTki pui nTygrhTk ///" nTygrhTk pui euuTki b˙g mu pui nsrdv sgr mu thi sgr s†zhegr vesnv v†ci nhr v†ci vesnv s†zhegr sgr thi uuhxbaTpykgfi T auhi pTr zhl sh Pr†drTnTyhag sh zhl pTr auhi thz tuhxsrue-nhyk PkTyp†ro pui sgr vhxy†rhagr sgr pui PkTyp†ro cukygr T dguugi xgemhg uuh zh thz p†rnukhry dguu†ri p†rnukhry thz zh uuh xgemhg sgr pui xhni surl thr xgergyTr/ thr surl eukyur-rguu†kumhg sh uuhxbaTpykgfg xgemhgx pui xgemhgx uuhxbaTpykgfg sh sgn†ky thz uu†x hHuu†w uu†x v†ci dgvTy sh Tnchmhg sh dgvTy v†ci uu†x hHuu†w c˙ p†rdgeungi tuhxmuyrgyi T b˙go uugd tui Trun- tui uugd b˙go T tuhxmuyrgyi nhzrj- thi hHsi mubgngi b˙g p†radgchyiw v†ci p†radgchyiw b˙g mubgngi thhr†Pg/ pTrayTbgiw Tz Fsh mu sgrdrhhfi mu Fsh Tz pTrayTbgiw tn,w Ti uu†x sgo s†zhei muuge thz bhhyhe tuhx- bhhyhe thz muuge s†zhei sgo uuhxbaTpy- zgbgi muauki eTsrgi pui hubdg p†ragrx/ hubdg pui eTsrgi muauki thi uugre kgfg sgr yrTshmh†bgkgr hHshagr srTbd hHshagr yrTshmh†bgkgr sgr cgher hHshaw mu kgrbgi dgP†ry nhyi eukyurgki nhyi dgP†ry kgrbgi mu T dguu†ri Puckhehry thcgrzgmubdgiw cTbs muuhhyi muo vesnv sgr thi sgr pui xyusgbyi tuhpckh pui hHsha v†y dgaTpi T dgaTpi v†y hHsha pui tuhpckh hHuu†/ pui drhbsubd sgr pTr prHgr xl sh bhy zhl pTr zggi Inhr gr: ar˙cy rgTk- uuhkbgr prufyhei c†si pTr Tr˙bmHgi thi Tr˙bmHgi pTr c†si prufyhei thz hHuu† pui tuhpyu sgr †cgr nunhgw vhxy†rhagr T pui dgahfyg T tuh; dhnbTzhg sgo kgri- tui p†ra-Pr†mgx hubdg p†ra-Pr†mgx tui kgri- sgo v†y gr uu†x sgow thi cTayTbgi yg†k†- sgr pui t˙bdgcTkzTnhry hHuu† thi uuhzhy TsgPyi pui muuhai sh uuTexbsheg sh muuhai pui TsgPyi tui hHshag Phbeykgfg T dgaTpi rgkhdh- T pui bhy xf†kTxyhew dhagr rhhgi pui sgr p†kex-thbygkhdgb. sgr pui rhhgi pTrs˙yangrhayg ehhi bhay ngyTphzhagr sgr nhy p†kexyuo gzi thi nhzrj-thhr†Pg/ thi pTr ygrnhb†k†dhg uuhxbaTpykgfg kgcgshegr T pui b˙gry nhxhgw thi 5391 thz dgaTpi dguu†ri sh dguu†ri dgaTpi thz 5391 thi v†y gr uugkfg nhy shxmhPkhbgi sh Ti nhy uugkyp†ke T pui bTmhg TxPhrTbyur tuhpi b†ngi pui s"r mnj s"r pui b†ngi tuhpi TxPhrTbyur dguugi bhay thz s†x pTrbungi/ zhl sucb†uu angui /// dgahfyg thhdgbgr aTcTs/ sgr †Pru; tuh; sgr sgr- sgr tuh; †Pru; sgr aTcTs/ aPrTfi-prTdg p†rngkg ckuhzg ehhi hHshag sh puke†o xgeukTrhzhry gpgbubd pui sgr TxPhrTbyur thz TxPhrTbyur sgr pui gpgbubd thshhgi zgkcheg sh thcgrdgci pui T tuh; Tuuge zh aygky dgahfygw dguugi Ti tuhxgrdguuhhbykgfgr/ sgr tuhxgrdguuhhbykgfgr/ Ti dguugi ehhi ckuhz bhay aPrTlw Tbsgr Ti thi T nhy pubsTngby ch†-x†mh†k†dhai hHuu† thz nna pTrpkhhmy dguu†ri pTrpkhhmy nna thz hHuu† thbvTky/ pui b†r p†rgow pui gbhi kgcbx- vhxy†rhagr duuTkshegr nhy ceau, pui Tkg gei Puhki tui Puhki gei Tkg pui ceau, nhy sgr thi hHsha nhy zhl cTbhmi s†x †bdgbungbg sh gbsgry gr erTpy/ Tphku nju. Puhki tuhpdgbungi mu tuhpdgbungi Puhki nju. Tphku pui v†y p†raubd uuhxbaTpykgfgr tui xhxygnTyhe tui ngy†s†k†dhg uugri thi sgr TxPhrTbyur/ njn, TxPhrTbyur/ sgr thi uugri thr tuh; dguugi naPhg z˙y z˙i /// Pgrh†shzTmhg ]thhdgbg[ z˙i dhy suje thi PkT. tui phbTbmhgkg tui PkT. thi suje ygbsgbmi/ tui rhfyubd ≤knusha- pui xhnbho sh kuhy bhy hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, j drTsuHrubd pui IPr†hgey husTHeT" IPr†hgey pui drTsuHrubd hHuu†-b˙gx pubgo ruxhai vunTbhxyhai ruxhai pubgo euso-Fk / " husTHeT IPr†hgey c˙o v†y auru, sh pui ar˙cgr gr tubhuugrxhygy` dgrgsy v†ci tuhl v†ci dgrgsy tubhuugrxhygy` sh uu†x h†rw mgi dguu†ri thmy thz sgr z˙i mu zfhv sh dgvTy s TkgexTbsgr cgzc†r†s†uuw sgr cgzc†r†s†uuw TkgexTbsgr uvabh,w auhi/ gexhxyhry Pr†drTo sgr c˙ hHuu† pubgo p†rayhhgr sgeTi pubgo vhxy†rha-TrfhuuTki pubgo sgeTi sgr Truhxk†z v˙h†rhegr sgr thz IPr†hgey pui drTsuHrubd v˙h†rhegr thbxyhyuy c˙o tubhuugrxhygy` c˙o thbxyhyuy gk; dggbshey v†ci v˙h†r pgrygr/ Pr†drTo cau≤pu,sheg T w " husTHeT nhfTHk yakgb†uuw sgr p†rzhmgr sgr yakgb†uuw nhfTHk zhl v†ci zhh pui uu†x xyusgbyiw hHshai pubgo PTyr†bTy tubygri )evhkv(` nbjo )evhkv(` " Iugs n†xeuugr pubgo drTsuHrubd sgr tuh; b˙i/ cTyhhkhey hHuu†w sgo tui xgnhbTr yg†k†dhai ååuiw sgr rgey†r pubgo vgcrgHai pubgo rgey†r sgr ååuiw sgkgdTmhgx c˙dguugi tuhl zgbgi Pr†pgx†r phanTiw sus pui †bdgphry phanTi/ ' Pr†p tui tubhuugrxhygy` pubgo xgnhbTrw yg†k†dhai pubgo xgnhbTr c˙o dgahfyg hHshagr pui sgr ar˙cgr pui sh auru, v†y auru, sh pui ar˙cgr sgr )hruakho( tubhuugrxhygy vgcrgHai nhyTrcgygr uuhxbaTpykgfgr tui dgvTy sgo Fçus tuhxmuyhhki sh tuhxmuyhhki Fçus sgo dgvTy Ingn†rhTk TngrheTbgr sgr pui tui thz Pr†drTo sgr sTbe T hHuu†/ c˙o xyusgbyi zhhgrg shPk†ngi/ zhhgrg xyusgbyi T w " eukyur hHshagr pTr pubsTmhg hHshag pTr †Pyhhk Ti tuhpdgeungi c˙ sgr drTsuHrubd thz tuhl thz drTsuHrubd sgr c˙ Pr†drTo/ sgr pui ayhmgr druhxgr nkufhai ruxhai c˙o khnusho dguugi sh y†fygr pui angui xTbskgr angui pui y†fygr sh dguugi bTyTkhT dgvTkyi v†y vuhPyrgsg sh vunTbhxyhe pTr tubhuugrxhygy vw uu†x z˙i b˙ kgrbcul thz gray thz kgrbcul b˙ z˙i uu†x vw " g uuhmgrgey†rhi sh cTx†uuxeThTw huo-yuç y†Pgkgr T dguugi thz gx Truhx b†l z˙i yuhy sgo 82xyi hubh 82xyi sgo yuhy z˙i b†l Truhx )zgi sh b†yh. thi sgo bungr(/ sgo thi b†yh. sh )zgi hHsha-TeTsgnhagr xgnhbTr IeTkyg ayrTki surl drTygx: surl ayrTki IeTkyg uugri ' x uuh h†r srhyg ' x uhi hHshag eukyur thi sh x†uugyhzhryg sh thi eukyur hHshag hHuu† c˙o surfdgphry a " 9391-1491 dgchyiw hHshaw tuh; xgnhbTri TeTsgnhag r: g g c c n n g g u u u u † † b b i i y y 9 9 o o g g s s tui phanTi sus r " s pui †bdgphry bhe†k˙ c†r†sukhi )hHuu†( ≈ )hHuu†( c†r†sukhi bhe†k˙ sgr uu†x s†x dkgzgr/ vgrak r " s Itumru, pui sgr hHshagr sgr pui Itumru, xhni T thz hHsha tuh; thz xgnhbTr e†kgemhg thi sgr hHuu†-chckh†yge" sgr thi e†kgemhg pui hHuu†-yrTshmhg sh z˙i nnahl sgr v˙h†rhegr sgr v†ci drTsuHrubd sgr pTr uu†l T : r r g g c c n n g g u u u u † † b b i i y y x x 3 3 0 0 o o g g s s aPrTl Teyhuug Ti uuh hHsha rgsi Truhxk†z pui Truhxk†z zhhgrg pTryhhshey xyusgbyi sh ≈ ( 92nde St. Y ) rTsgbxeh a†uk r " s tui Trcgyi uuhxbaTpykgfg tuh; IPr†hgey e†nhygy T pTr shxgryTmhgx mTrhag sh tui y†kbgr susk ' Ir shxeuxhgx/ husTHeT" phanTi ' Pr†p sgrubygr Pr†pgx†riw kgci jxhshai thi ahbuhho rgdhrubd: z˙bgi uu†x rgpgrTyi sh zgbgi †y nhy nTre euP†uugmehw n†xeuugr euP†uugmehw nTre nhy " v " h 91yi thi 1002: vTrcxy phrdgeungi shrgey†r pui sgr Pr†drTo tui Pr†drTo sgr pui shrgey†r : r r g g c c n n g g m m g g s s i i y y 1 1 4 4 o o g g s s : r r g g c c n n g g y y P P g g x x i i y y 7 7 o o g g s s pubgo mgbygr pTr chckhag tui chckhag pTr mgbygr pubgo )xygbp†rsgr cgegr nav-zfrhv )vgcrgHagr ahhbyul hjhtk ' Pr†p hHshag khnusho c˙o tubhuugrxhygy/ c˙o khnusho hHshag ≈ tubhuugrxhygy( ≈ hruakho( tubhuugrxhygyw muo xu; v†y dgrgsy thhbg pui sh pui thhbg dgrgsy v†y xu; muo kgmyi pui vnal: tui Ithcgrcr†l thi mgybhe e/ tuncTeTbygr Isgr drTsuTbyiw TbT ayagPgy†uuTw uu†x ayagPgy†uuTw TbT drTsuTbyiw thi uuhxbaTpy hHshag sh tui jurci " khygrTyur hHshagr sgr uugy zhl uu˙ygr kgrbgi tuh; kgrbgi uu˙ygr zhl uugy " thhr†Pg b†l-nkjnvshegr sgr : r r g g c c n n g g y y P P g g x x i i y y x x 2 2 1 1 o o g g s s rTchbgryg thi hårtk/ zh v†y zh hårtk/ thi rTchbgryg c˙o guko dguuhhbykgfgr sgr )ag;-rgsTey†rw xTbskgr c†rhx cTsTbey sgr kgrgraTpy pTr kgrgraTpy sgr cTsTbey sh pui 03-04 thz xgnhbTr ≈ ( p†ruugryx nhy thr sh jahçu, pui jahçu, sh thr nhy " Iebgki dkTy tui xyusgbyi Pr†pgx†riw hHbdgri pubgo agpgrhaehhy Ish hHshaehhy tui hHshag khnusho tui khnusho hHshag tui hHshaehhy pui vb†v v†ci uu†x thbygkhdgbyi zaurbTk thbgo ar˙cgrx sur dgnTfy T avjhbu/ T dgnTfy T tuh; uu†ry hHsha T vgri " vhhnkTbs x†uugyha T ehmurw dguugi T ahhbgw T dguugi ehmurw T chi- b†fi ygng/ uuhxbaTpykgfgr : r r g g c c † † y y e e † † i i y y 5 5 o o g g s s cFçusheg mgrgn†bhgw Ti tn,gr Ti mgrgn†bhgw cFçusheg sgr zhl uugy hTbuTrw xu; vznbhow ≈ )hHuu†( r†d†uu sus ≤gbud c˙muz˙i/ )nhy sh n†xeuugr sh )nhy c˙muz˙i/ ≤gbud uu˙ygrshegr T nhy cTb˙gi xgnhbTr sh- sh thi ygTygr hHshagr Isgr uuUbshhrho v†ci nhr zhl tuhl zhl nhr v†ci uuUbshhrho y† rgpgrTyi/ thbygrgxTbyg xgrhg " Ph-kTdgri †bdgzgiw b†r uugdi sgo ≈ Ti Tbsgr Ti ≈ sgo uugdi b†r †bdgzgiw prhhsi! thi zgi s†ryi zhl k†nhr : r r g g c c † † y y e e † † i i y y 1 1 9 9 o o g g s s n†k///( )vgcrgHagr kguuhi sç ' Pr†p -- v/ d/ v/ -- ≈ hruakho( tubhuugrxhygyw z YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 s†x b˙g hHshag kgrbcul hHshag b˙g s†x pTr ruxha-rgsbsheg pTr hHuu†-b˙gx pui T uugrygrcul/ uugrygrcul/ T pui thz uu†x husTHeTw Pr†hgey gr gr dhy tuhl T vhxy†rhai thcgrckhe uugdi hHsha/ uugdi thcgrckhe vhxy†rhai T tuhl dhy gr pui Pr†drTo cau≤pu,sheg T s knak dhy gr thcgrw Tz thi 9191 thz hHsha †phmhgk hHsha thz 9191 thi Tz thcgrw gr dhy knak xgnh- yg†k†dhai hHshai tui hHuu† †bgregby dguu†ri uuh thhbg pui sh nkufhag aPrTfiw s†x aPrTfiw nkufhag sh pui thhbg uuh dguu†ri †bgregby Truhxdg- v˙h†r hubh thi v†y bTrw zgkcg thi sgr khyuuhagr rgPuckhe tui thi sh 0291gr sh thi tui rgPuckhe khyuuhagr sgr thi zgkcg ruxha- pTr kgrbcul hHsha: dgci h†ri thhbg pui phr †phmhgkg aPrTfi pui sgr pui aPrTfi †phmhgkg phr pui thhbg h†ri xTbskgr/ angui pui rhhsbsheg uu˙xruxhagr rgPuckhe/ uu˙xruxhagr muo thzw gr uu†x njcrw sgr sgr khhgi-nTygrhTk thz r˙l tui pTrahhsi-nhbhe/ gr pTrahhsi-nhbhe/ tui r˙l thz khhgi-nTygrhTk sgr ygd gykgfg dgay†rci mgrw bgny Truo sgo dTbmi hHshai tubhuugrxw x˙ Pr†zgw x˙ Pr†zgw x˙ tubhuugrxw hHshai dTbmi sgo Truo bgny sh sgrzgi v†y uugre z˙i thhsgr xTbskgr angui P†gzhg pui Tkg gei uugky/ gei Tkg pui P†gzhg T dguugi thz a˙iw khfyheg s†x cul uugy zhfgr vgkpi sh xyusgbyi bhy b†r bhy xyusgbyi sh vgkpi zhfgr uugy cul s†x †bvhhc zhby ruxkTbs/ thi khbduuhxy hHshagr cTuuUxygr tuhxkgrbgi zhl sh hHshag aPrTlw b†r tuhl cgxgr tuhl b†r aPrTlw hHshag sh zhl tuhxkgrbgi w vhhnkTbs x†uugyha thi rgdukgr dgsruey gr v†y 0891 pTrayhhi sh eukyur tui yrTshmhgx pui nhzrj- pui yrTshmhgx tui eukyur sh pTrayhhi x†uugyi-pTrcTbsw thi zaurbTk sgn†kyhei thhbmhei sgo thhr†PgHag hHsi/ thhr†PgHag Tkhhi-kgrbgrx pTr nTygrhTki khbduuhxyha-ngy†shag ≈≈ bhe†k˙ c†r†sukhi bhe†k˙ ≈≈ v†ci nTygrhTki sh †y sTbe T aPrTl/ hHshagr sgr pui zhl vubsgrygr ngbyai tuhxdgkgrby hHsha/ sgr ar˙cgr sgr hHsha/ tuhxdgkgrby ngbyai vubsgrygr zhl pui sh auru, v†y Tkhhi †bdgvuhci zhl kgrbgi hHsha nhy hHsha kgrbgi zhl †bdgvuhci Tkhhi v†y auru, sh pui ]vnal pui z' s[ z' pui ]vnal zungr-xyusgbyi ehbsgr sh pTr 2891 thi dgsruey ITkgpchhx"w xTbskgrx y˙grg jçryg ]dgkg[ phanTiw ]dgkg[ jçryg y˙grg uuh cTuuUxy tuhl dgdbyw tuhy†b†nhagr hHshagr sgr pui T ahhbgo tui vTrmhei sTbe pTr sgr dgkgdbvhhy mu dgkgdbvhhy sgr pTr sTbe vTrmhei tui ahhbgo T culw thkuxyrhry Prgfyhe T dguugi thz gx chr†chszaTi/ kgrbgi zhl hHsha s† thi e†k†nchg c˙o hHuu†/ thl chi thl hHuu†/ c˙o e†k†nchg thi s† hHsha zhl kgrbgi T Tju. thbvTky hHshai pui †Pdgrhxi Fngy †cgr dgdTbdgi thi T hHshagr p†keauk nhy h†ri murhe tui murhe h†ri nhy p†keauk hHshagr T thi dgdTbdgi uuh zhlw pTrayhhy akuo-gkhfngi/ uugdi Tryhek ekhhbgo thz pTr nhr TzT pTrdgbhdi mu kgci thi hHsha cnal hHsha thi kgci mu pTrdgbhdi TzT nhr pTr thz ' x v†y x†uugyi-pTrcTbs thi dgsruey chfgr Tbsgrg Tkg Fngy muuhh jsuaho/ muuhh Fngy †ry†drTphg/ hHshag x†uugyhag sh dgbhmy cul s†x tuhl thl uuuhi thi y†r†by† tui thl v†c †bdgvuhci kgrbgi †bdgvuhci v†c thl tui y†r†by† thi uuuhi thl dguugi thz hHsha zhl kgrbgi thi yrhy muuhhygr n˙i zhl tui ar˙ci uugdi sh uuUbsgrkgfg eukyurgkg aTpubdgi eukyurgkg uuUbsgrkgfg sh uugdi ar˙ci tui zhl zhl tuhxkgrbgi pTr kgrbcul hHsha xTbskgrx angui pui sh khbeg hHsi thi sh muuTbmhegr tui sr˙xhegr h†ri/ sr˙xhegr tui muuTbmhegr sh thi hHsi khbeg sh pui nhr v†y cul s†x 9891(/ )n†xeuugw zgkcaygbshe hHsha nhy t˙gr crhhyvTrmhehhy uugy z˙i T xl k˙fygr mu k˙fygr xl T z˙i uugy crhhyvTrmhehhy t˙gr nhy pTrayhhi cgxgr tui ar˙ci khhgbgiw dgv†kpi zhhgr khhgbgi sh hHshag m˙yubdgi tui Tbsgrg aTpubdgi pui aTpubdgi Tbsgrg tui m˙yubdgi hHshag sh khhgbgi pui sgrmHubd-nhbhxygrhuo sgr v†y 9891 thi drTnTyhe/ hgbgr m˙y/ hgbgr grayg s†x n†xeuug thi †rdTbhzhry x†uugyi-pTrcTbs tx≤r r˙ygr tx≤r kgrgrx hHshag uuU xgnhbTrw T 0491gr xu; sh zhby n†k r˙ygr v†y tuhl cTsTbey chhkg agfygr- chhkg cTsTbey tuhl v†y r˙ygr ' ]pr nhr cTyhhkhey/ zhl v†ci x†uugyi-pTrcTbs gei Tkg pui d†ygxnTi pTr thr ayh./[ thr pTr d†ygxnTi grayekTxhei sgo pui cTd˙xygry dguugi Tkg z˙bgi kgrgr uu†x v†y bhy b†r dgegby hHsha tuhxdgmhhfbyw hHsha dgegby b†r bhy v†y uu†x kgrgr b†r v†y tuhl dgegby zhl yhhki nhy tubsz z˙i tuncTd- z˙i tubsz nhy yhhki zhl dgegby tuhl v†y b†r dgsgbey sgo hHuu† hHuu† sgo dgsgbey eukyur/ tui aPrTl hHshagr sgr pTr khcaTpy rgbgmyg thl phk z˙i vaPgv T xl n†k uugi thl kgri hHsha nhy hHsha kgri thl uugi n†k xl T vaPgv z˙i phk thl c˙o ar˙ci t˙gr muu†v t˙gr ar˙ci c˙o xyusgbyi/ n˙bg surl ayhmi sgo hHuu† uugry thr T rhbdk thi sgr thi rhbdk T thr uugry hHuu† sgo ayhmi surl sgr dguugi xTbskgr angui thz h†r zhci kgmyg sh ehhy uu†x pTrchbsy sgo v˙byhei sur nhy tubszgrg nhy sur v˙byhei sgo pTrchbsy uu†x ehhy vubsgrygr uuU husTHeTw Pr†hgey c˙o hHsha-kgrgr nhzrj-thhr†PgHag †çu,/ zgyw Tz t˙grg ehbsgr tui ehbsgr t˙grg Tz zgyw †çu,/ nhzrj-thhr†PgHag mu zhl zfhv sh dgvTy v†ci bhy-hHsiw tui hHsi xyusgbyiw thhbhekgl z†ki uuhxi pui uuTbgi zhh ayTngiw Tz ayTngiw zhh uuTbgi pui uuhxi z†ki thhbhekgl thz Trcgy sgr pui rgzukyTy sgr tho/ c˙ hHsha kgrbgi tubszgr hruav z†k Trhcgrdhhi pui sur mu sur/ mu sur pui Trhcgrdhhi z†k hruav tubszgr kgrbcul/ b˙ z˙i dguu†ri b†l thbp†rnTmhg uugdi hruau,w muu†u, tui gzçubu, tui muu†u, hruau,w uugdi thbp†rnTmhg b†l )IhHuu†- tuhxkhhd thhbvhhykgfi sgo bhmy cul s†x ekhbdy †i: gkT kguuhiw pubTbsgrcuh-shrgey†rw tuhpi pubTbsgrcuh-shrgey†rw kguuhiw gkT †i: ekhbdy tui khhgbgi mu xyusgbyi sh kgrby gx †ry†drTphg"(/ bungr 0806-642 )212(w †sgr phky tuhx sgo thmyhei sgo tuhx phky †sgr )212(w 0806-642 bungr hHshagr sgr pui hxus sgo pTrayhhi mu tuhl uuh ar˙ciw p†rnukTr tui ahey tho mu thi hHuu†/ thi mu tho ahey tui p†rnukTr uugrygr/ 0004 cgrl pui uu†eTcukTr T nhy drTnTyhew tubszgr hruav dgphby zhl c˙ t˙l thi sh vgby! sh thi t˙l c˙ zhl dgphby hruav tubszgr khhgbgi auhi ngbyai sh egbgi cul s†x gbshei b†fi †rhdgbgkg ygexyi: m˙yubdgi tui chfgr nhy sgr vhk; sgr nhy chfgr tui m˙yubdgi ygexyi: †rhdgbgkg

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†byhe sgo 62xyi b†uugncgr v†y sgr hHuu† sgr v†y b†uugncgr 62xyi sgo †byhe b uukTshnhr b " t rgpgrTy grayi sgo t˙bdg†rsby n v/ sh xyhPgbshg uu†x v†y phbTbmhry v†y uu†x xyhPgbshg sh v/ " g jp. Pgrk tui sgo s†zhei rgpgrTy v†y sgr hHuu† cTeungi pui sgr pui cTeungi hHuu† sgr v†y rgpgrTy s†zhei sgo muu†v pubgo P†rp†ke jp.w uu†x thr surfdgphrgr thz surfdgphrgr thr uu†x jp.w P†rp†ke pubgo muu†v Tsuu†eTy nhky†i zhxnTi/ nhky†i Tsuu†eTy uukTshnhr jp. thz dguugi Ti †bdgzggbgr e†nP†zhy†r †bdgzggbgr Ti dguugi thz jp. uukTshnhr tui f†r-shrhdgby/ gr pkgdy tuhpyrgyi tuh; T xl T tuh; tuhpyrgyi pkgdy gr f†r-shrhdgby/ tui tubygrbgnubdgi uuh T x†khxy tui Te†nPTbhxy mu z˙bg mu Te†nPTbhxy tui x†khxy T uuh tubygrbgnubdgi xyusgbyi zhbdgrxw uu†x zgbgi aygbshe dgayTbgi tuh; T tuh; dgayTbgi aygbshe zgbgi uu†x zhbdgrxw xyusgbyi vuhfi nuzheTkhai bhuu†/ nuzheTkhai vuhfi b jp. v†y sgr v†y jp. b " t xyhPgbshg graygr sgr pTr r nTrHT eruP†uugxw nTrHT r " s tuhxdgekhci xyhPgbshg-e†nhygy Pr†pgx†r thi uuhkbgr tubhuugrxhygy )dguugzgbgr tubhuugrxhygy uuhkbgr thi Pr†pgx†r xygpTi cTy†rh-tubhuugrxhygy(/ zh thz Ti gyb†nuzh- Ti thz zh cTy†rh-tubhuugrxhygy(/ xygpTi e†k†d uu†x v†y cTeungi sgo s†ey†rTy thi 9991 pui 9991 thi s†ey†rTy sgo cTeungi v†y uu†x e†k†d r nTrHT eruP†uugxw nhy T p†y† pui uukTshnhr jp. uukTshnhr pui p†y† T nhy eruP†uugxw nTrHT r " s v†y zh TeTsgnhg/ uuhxbaTpykgfgr uuTraguugr sgr dgarhci thr shxgryTmhg uugdi Puhkhag p†kexkhsgr thi p†kexkhsgr Puhkhag uugdi shxgryTmhg thr dgarhci / T kgbdgrg T / " khc zhhgr d†y nhl v†y Inx≤nt zhl: tuh; tui cFkk p†kek†r nhy zhl zh pTrbgny thmy khyg/ sgr m˙y v†y gr bhay tuhxdgz†dyw Tz gr thz T hHs tui v†y tui hHs T thz gr Tz tuhxdgz†dyw bhay gr v†y m˙y pTrckhcgbg kgmy sh c˙ p†kexkhsgr hHshag zTnkgi nhy zhl sgruu˙ygry pui hHsiw sgrhcgr v†y gr T xl hHsha xl T gr v†y sgrhcgr hHsiw pui sgruu˙ygry zhl ' Pr†p uu†x h†r muuhh auhi cpry/ hHsi khyuuha-r˙xhag tui hHshag khsgr pTrdgxi/ pubsgxyuugdi dgsgbey gr T gr dgsgbey pubsgxyuugdi pTrdgxi/ khsgr hHshag tui sgr pui ygrhy†rhg sgr thcgr Truo p†ry eruP†uugx aP†r chxk khsgrw uu†x gr zhbdy thi T xyhk Ti gbkgfi Ti xyhk T thi zhbdy gr uu†x khsgrw chxk aP†r P†scr†sz tui xuugbmhTi e†uubgw uuhkbgw khyg: hHshagr thz bhay ehhi jhsuaw uu†ri z˙i yTyg thz yTyg z˙i uu†ri jhsuaw ehhi bhay thz ' x jzbu,/ mu Phbxe tui cTrTb†uuhya uuhygcxew rgPuckhe(w )khyuuhag dguugi T Phbxegr jzi/ jzi/ Phbxegr T dguugi T tuhl zh fTPy bhu-h†re thi z˙gbshe )uu˙xruxkTbs(/ eruP†uugx v†y tuhl dgk†zy vgri sgo guko sh guko sgo vgri dgk†zy tuhl v†y eruP†uugx ' Pr†p v†y zh s†/ uuuhbgi uu†x hHsi uuhkbgr nhy muuhh mh uu†ry rge†rshryg eukgr pui thrg thbp†rnTbyiw uuh zhh sgr- zhh uuh thbp†rnTbyiw thrg pui eukgr rge†rshryg s†ryi uu˙k cTeTby thz Phbxe Tz gukow sgo sgrn†by mhhki uugdi zhl tui zhbdgi sh Trundgrgsyg khsgr/ Tzuh khsgr/ Trundgrgsyg sh zhbdgi tui zhl uugdi mhhki cag, nthrw d†ksg tui uuhhmnTi jhho dguuuhby v†ci uuh zh thz T Pr†pgxh†bgkg zhbdgrhiw v†y zh tuhl zh v†y zhbdgrhiw Pr†pgxh†bgkg T thz zh uuh akuo-gkhfnx sTbe T cTuuUxy thz cTrTb†uuhya tuhxdgzubdgi gykgfg khsgr pui sgr Pgi pui uukTshnhr pui Pgi sgr pui khsgr gykgfg tuhxdgzubdgi z†k )IpTrcrgby " cTrTb†uuhya IxyTbmhg sgrmhhkubd jp./ (/ " cTrTb†uuhya! xyTbmhg sh uugri s†x e†nPTey-shxek uu†x nTrHT eruP†uugx v†y eruP†uugx nTrHT uu†x e†nPTey-shxek s†x c˙ khsgr IyrTshmh†bTkg y " t rgpgrTy thbgo dgcrTfy pui uuhkbg tui tuhpdgaPhky cg, thr rgpgrTy thr cg, tuhpdgaPhky tui uuhkbg pui dgcrTfy ' Pr†p v†y " †ry tuhpi p†ra-PgrxPgeyhuui khyuuTegx: v†y dgnTfy d†r T dgvuhcgbgo ruao/ zh v†y T ahhbgow T v†y zh ruao/ dgvuhcgbgo T d†r dgnTfy v†y v†y zh uu†x khsgr nhbho sh uugdi sgrmhhky eruP†uugx khrha-srTnTyhai Tky tui y˙yay tuhx sh khsgr thi khsgr sh tuhx y˙yay tui Tky khrha-srTnTyhai pTrckhci b†l zgbgi zhh uu†x khyuuTegx sh c˙ dgvgry zhhgr T ahhbgo hHsha/ ahhbgo T zhhgr hHsi` c˙ tungyuo zhbdy ng uu†x khsgr †ry: tuhpi * * * * * sgr pTr xPgmhpha †cgrw zgbgiw uu†x khsgr cTeTbyg nhy muuhh uu†fi prHgrw sgo 41yi b†uugncgrw thz b†uugncgrw 41yi sgo prHgrw uu†fi muuhh nhy uuh khsgrw b˙g rgkTyhuu tui tuncTeTbyg tuhl uuh dgdby` b uukTshnhr tui Pgrk jp. Pgrk tui uukTshnhr b " t e†bmgry druhxgr T dguugi uuTexyw uu†x e†bxyhyumhgw xyTkhbx uugdi khs T knak )zgi sgo ahhfshei gbdkhai Tryhek thi sgo bungr(/ tuh; bungr(/ sgo thi Tryhek gbdkhai ahhfshei sgo )zgi m˙yi/ x†uugyhag sh pui zhlw pTrayhhy T tuhpdgyr†yi rgu≤ ci-ztçw uu†x ci-ztçw rgu≤ tuhpdgyr†yi T " muu thz e†bmgry sgo sh nhy Pgrzgbkgl cTegby zhl v†y eruP†uugx ' Pr†p nTaT cgbhT- nTaT ' pr nuzhe†k†dhi tui zhbdgrhi cTeTbyg sh zhhgrg pui Pryho sh sgruuUxy zhl tui hHsi khyuuhag nT. v†y rge†ngbshry tui zh tuhxdgkgrby sh khsgrw sh tuhxdgkgrby zh tui rge†ngbshry v†y nT. v†ci zhh Tzuh uuh tui ayTngi zhh uuTbgi pui ch†drTphgxw ci-ztç v†y s†ryi dgzubdgi/ nhy thr nhy dgzubdgi/ s†ryi v†y ci-ztç ' pr uu†x zh v†y xPgmhgk jurci/ cg,i dgrTyguugy zhl tuhxdguuhhbykgl ahhbgr ayjo tui tuhxy˙yaubd v†y zh v†y tuhxy˙yaubd tui ayjo ahhbgr tuhxdguuhhbykgl Phbxegr- T puexnTiw rtuçi 67-h†rhei sgo Truhxdgvuhci zhhgr tuhxdgbungi c˙o guko/ guko/ c˙o tuhxdgbungi zhhgr naPjv z˙i pui cTrTb†uuhya/ thi uuuhby uu†x dgcuhrgbgr v†y gr thhbgr Tkhhi thcgrdgkgcy sgo jurci/ gr z†dy gr jurci/ sgo thcgrdgkgcy Tkhhi thhbgr gr v†y v YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 †Prupi pui sh v˙h†rheg zungr-xyusgbyi v˙h†rheg sh pui †Prupi

y˙grgr jçr b†rhlw jçr y˙grgr zhl v†ci zungr-Pr†drTo v˙h†rhegr sgr thi nTex uu˙br˙l-mgbygr akuo-gkhfo! h†ri Tkg surl m†k drgxyg sh xyusgbyiw 86 cTyhhkhey thl vhhx xTge† vhhx thl sh thcgr pui dgayTny v†ci zhh Pr†drTo/ sgr pui ahcThTnT/ gbdkTbsw eTbTsgw pui: tuhl uuh ayTyiw pTrthhbheyg thl chi T xyusgby- T chi thl ruxkTbsw Puhkiw prTber˙lw thyTkhgw s˙yakTbsw v†kTbsw eg pui sgr hHshagr sgr pui eg v†ci uuhsgrw kgrgrxw sh e†rgg/ tui hTPTi tuerTHbgw zungr-Pr†drTo pui zungr-Pr†drTo tui Trdgbyhbg gbdkTbsw eTbTsgw aw " p sh pui dgayTny hHuu† tui e†k†nchg/ thl e†k†nchg/ tui hHuu† e†k†nchg/ chi pui y†eh†w hTPTi/ y†eh†w pui chi sh uu†x sTbecrhuuw sh nhr crgbdgi uu˙ygr s† zungr-xyusgbyi khhgbgi sgo khhgbgi zungr-xyusgbyi IT z†di t˙l uuhk thl sh mu dgarhci v†ci xyhPgbshTbyi xyusgbyi p†ruugryx t˙gr pTr " sTbe ahhbgo bhu-h†re(w w p†ruugryx ) b†rhl anutk zhhgrg: dgkydgcgrx phbTbmhgkgr vhk; pTr vhk; phbTbmhgkgr ahhpgr årv jhv )ngexheg(w e†bxyTbyhbgr jhho r " s nhr/ †i sgo uu†ky nhr dguugi tunngdkgl mu bgngi sh bgngi mu tunngdkgl dguugi nhr uu†ky sgo †i nhr/ dgkg bhu-h†re(w Fvi-†bsgbe-e†nhygyw e†s†r )tx≤r Pr†drTo/ bhu-h†re(/ )phanTi-pubsTmhgw phanTi pui kgmyi xgPygncgr chz sgo n˙ chi thl dguugi Ti dguugi thl chi n˙ sgo chz xgPygncgr kgmyi pui thhbh†rheg tuhxc˙y-xyusgbyeg thi Pgbxhkuuhhbhgr thi tuhxc˙y-xyusgbyeg thhbh†rheg ahhpgr årv jhv tubhuugrxhygy thi phkTsgkphg/ n˙i khnus thz rgkhdhgw thz khnus n˙i phkTsgkphg/ thi tubhuugrxhygy Fvi-†bsgbe-e†nhygy e†s†r tx≤r v†c thl dgbungi eurxi uugdi hHshag khnusho s†ry/ khnusho hHshag uugdi eurxi dgbungi thl v†c ahhpgrw jçryg y˙grgr )knak hHshag nhxyhew khygrTyurw ≤blw phkngi///( ≤blw khygrTyurw nhxyhew hHshag )knak tui ahhbgo T zhhgr T z†di t˙l thl uuhk euso-Fk hHsha thz dguugi Tkg n†k n˙i cTkhcyxyg zTl/ cTkhcyxyg n˙i n†k Tkg dguugi thz hHsha sh vhk; t˙gr nhy dgvTy v†c thl Tz sTbew druhxi sgn†ky v†ci n˙bg kgrgrxw xgbsgr c†yuuhbhe tui jbv tui c†yuuhbhe xgbsgr kgrgrxw n˙bg v†ci sgn†ky cgxgr kgrbgi mu Fsh bhu-h†re ehhi eungi ngdkgfehhy vgkgrayhhiw nhr sgrmhhky uugdi sgr zungr-Pr†drTo/ sgr uugdi sgrmhhky nhr vgkgrayhhiw s†zheg sh uu˙br˙l-Pr†drTo/ turhtk sgr tuh; hHsha thl chi Tzuh dkhekgl mu kgrbgi zhl Tzuh phk hHsha s† hHsha phk Tzuh zhl kgrbgi mu dkhekgl Tzuh chi thl tui uuhfyhe zhhgr nhr pTr dguugi yTeg thz Pr†drTo thi bhu-h†re/ thl uuhk thhi y†d thcgrzgmi hHshag thcgrzgmi y†d thhi uuhk thl bhu-h†re/ thi thi ≤knhsho n˙bg eungi bh. mu tuhl uugy tui bhmkgl khygrTyur pui hHsha tuh; hTPTbha! s†x thz n˙i mhk thi mhk n˙i thz s†x hTPTbha! tuh; hHsha pui khygrTyur tubhuugrxhygy/ uugbgmhgr sgr b†gbygr mueubpy/ b†gbygr sgr ehhi bhay† uugbgmhg Tju. z˙bgi thyTkhg thi T ahhbgo sTbe! ahhbgo T thi Pr†drTo tubszgr hHsha/ kgrbgi mu ngdkgfehhyi xTge† ahcThTnT xTge† murhe/ h†r vTkc T nhy †bdgvuhci zhl v†y uugbgmhg k†nhr v†piw Tz to hrmv vao uugki z˙i thi sgr mueubpy sgr thi z˙i uugki vao hrmv to Tz v†piw k†nhr r ]jhho[ e†bxyTbyhbgr ]ngexheg[w e†bxyTbyhbgr ]jhho[ r " s y˙grgr egbgi uugki zhh uu†x ngbyai gykgfg uugbgmhg thi tuhl thl chi dguugi T xyusgbyeg thi sgr zungr-Pr†drTo sgr thi xyusgbyeg T dguugi chi thl sgr pui uugre khhgbgi uugki zhh uu†x tui Fkk-hHsha TuuTbxhrygr pui hHuu†/ thl uuuhi thi bhu-h†re tui thl chi dgp†ri ehhi dgp†ri chi thl tui bhu-h†re thi uuuhi thl hHuu†/ pui khygrTyur/ hHshagr anugxekTx e†k†nchg zhl mu kgrbgi hHsha/ kgrbgi mu zhl e†k†nchg sTbe/ vTrmhei T n†k T b†l s"r )kgrgr: vgrak dkgzgr( vgrak p†r T h†ri chi thl dguugi thi tr.-hårtk/ s†ry chi s†ry tr.-hårtk/ thi dguugi thl chi h†ri T p†r z†i zhdrhs thl dgdTbdgi tuh; kuuhu, pui druhxg rcbho c˙ hHsi/ sh hHsi/ c˙ rcbho druhxg pui kuuhu, tuh; dgdTbdgi thl kuuhu, z˙bgi dguugi thi ntv-agrho )uu†x dgphby zhl thi zhl dgphby )uu†x ntv-agrho thi dguugi z˙bgi kuuhu, hruakho(w uuU gx uuuhbgi zhhgr T xl jxhsho/ Tkg jxhsho Tkg jxhsho/ xl T zhhgr uuuhbgi gx uuU hruakho(w z˙bgi zhl mubuhpdgeungi thi sh Trunheg dTxi mu vgri sh vgri mu dTxi Trunheg sh thi mubuhpdgeungi zhl z˙bgi vxPsho/ gx thz dguugi auugr pTr nhr mu pTrayhhi sh pTrayhhi mu nhr pTr auugr dguugi thz gx vxPsho/ vxPshow uu˙k zhh z˙bgi dguugi tuh; hHsha/ Tkg jxhsho Tkg hHsha/ tuh; dguugi z˙bgi zhh uu˙k vxPshow v†ci pTrayTbgiw Tz hgbg rcbho v†ci T xl ≤urv dgdgci ≤urv xl T v†ci rcbho hgbg Tz pTrayTbgiw v†ci sgo Fkk-hårtk/ thl v†c tuhl dguu†ky pTrayhhiw uu˙k pTrayhhiw dguu†ky tuhl v†c thl Fkk-hårtk/ sgo thl chi T pruo nhhsk tui thl v†c khc mu kgrbgi sh kgrbgi mu khc v†c thl tui nhhsk pruo T chi thl vhhkheg ≤urv/ vhhkheg uugi thl chi dgeungi Tvhhow v†c thl †bdgvuhci zhl mu zhl †bdgvuhci thl v†c Tvhhow dgeungi chi thl uugi kgrbgi hHsha/ thl uuhk t˙l zhhgr sTbegi pTr sgo aTbx sgo pTr sTbegi zhhgr t˙l uuhk thl hHsha/ kgrbgi mu kgrbgi hHsha tui sh r˙fg hruav uu†x euny nhy sgr nhy euny uu†x hruav r˙fg sh tui hHsha kgrbgi mu aPrTl/ T ahhbgo tui vTrmhei sTbew vTrmhei tui ahhbgo T tx≤r ahpnTi tx≤r

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hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, s pui vgrnTi eruex y†dcul pui uuhkbgr dgy†[ uuhkbgr pui y†dcul eruex vgrnTi pui

PuckheTmhgx uugri/ mu sgruu†rdi tuh; dgayhey v†y ruhl Trunhegr s†x dTbmg aygyk thz pTruu†rpi nhy n,ho/ s†x aygyk s†x n,ho/ nhy pTruu†rpi thz aygyk dTbmg s†x crgby tui thrg p˙grmubdgi pTrfTPi Tk. ngrgr tui ngrgr Tk. pTrfTPi p˙grmubdgi thrg tui crgby ngrgr/ ehhi thhi mhdk uugy s† bhy ck˙ciw ehhi thhi ehhi ck˙ciw bhy s† uugy mhdk thhi ehhi ngrgr/ ngbya uugy s† bhy pTrck˙ci kgciw hgsgr kgciw pTrck˙ci bhy s† uugy ngbya pTrc˙kuhpbshegr ar˙y muo sgncgbgo: muo ar˙y pTrc˙kuhpbshegr hHsw uu†x vhy thr sh auugkw sh thr vhy uu†x hHsw ' r thrw ayhhy Iuu†x " t˙l/// yr†di tuhdi sh uuU Tbykuhpy bjuow uuh sgr sgnc thi uuTksw rhry zhl bhy pui z˙i pui bhy zhl rhry uuTksw thi sgnc sgr uuh bjuow ' r v˙zeg/ gr mhy euho sgo †ygo/ z˙i pruhw vTkc zhbhe tui zhbhe vTkc pruhw z˙i †ygo/ sgo euho mhy gr v˙zeg/ vTkc uuTbzhbhew thz Tbyeungi muzTngi nhy thrg ygf- thrg nhy muzTngi Tbyeungi thz uuTbzhbhew vTkc ygr/ Tkg v†ci tho auhi pTrk†zi tui gr thz pTrckhci thz gr tui pTrk†zi auhi tho v†ci Tkg ygr/ c˙ s†x z˙bheg ≈ gr rhry zhl bhay! Icgxgr ayTrci thi ayTrci Icgxgr bhay! zhl rhry gr ≈ z˙bheg s†x c˙ " prgns/// sgr thi dhhi pTrkuhri thhsgr vhho sgr auhi " sgncgbgr Isgr thz aPgygr agv muuhh nhy dguugi tuhxdgrhxi nhyi uu†rmk/ z˙i v˙zeg thz dgkgdi thz v˙zeg z˙i uu†rmk/ nhyi tuhxdgrhxi dguugi tubygr sh ruHbgi pui T arTPbgk tui Tk. Truo thz Truo Tk. tui arTPbgk T pui ruHbgi sh tubygr dguugi Tzuh TrundgfTPy nhy p˙grw Tz gx thz tho thz gx Tz p˙grw nhy TrundgfTPy Tzuh dguugi tunngdkgl dguugi TruhxmurTyguugi T vgns/ thi sh thi vgns/ T TruhxmurTyguugi dguugi tunngdkgl nhy†d-agvi v†y T uuhby mgck†zi s†x p˙gr tui p˙gr s†x mgck†zi uuhby T v†y nhy†d-agvi mgyr†di gx thcgr Tkg gei pubgo aygyk/ mu †uubym˙y mu aygyk/ pubgo gei Tkg thcgr gx mgyr†di v†y T druhxgr rgdi nhy T pTraPgyheyi dguuhygr pui dguuhygr pTraPgyheyi T nhy rgdi druhxgr T v†y subgri tui ckhmi pTrk†ai s†x auhi x˙ uuh x˙ uuh x˙ auhi s†x pTrk†ai ckhmi tui subgri pTrcrgbyg aygyk/ pTrcrgbyg pTr y†dw uugi s†x s˙yag nhkhygr v†y dgbungi v†y nhkhygr s˙yag s†x uugi y†dw pTr / prTdngby pubgo prTdngby / grayg sh v†ci aygykw thbgo Tr˙bnTrahri y†dcul jurçu, †Pdgcrgbyg tui Puxyg sh muuhai p†sgrdruPi p†y†drTphry muzTngi nhyi vuby tuh; sgo p†i pui sh pui p†i sgo tuh; vuby nhyi muzTngi p†y†drTphry T nhy bjungi ' r cgbek T tuh; zhmbshe dgyr†pi jurçu, tui Tuuge thi zhhgr uu˙ygri uugd/ uu˙ygri zhhgr thi Tuuge tui jurçu, s†x ckuhz zhl tuh; yr†dbshe e†Pw pTrcTbsTzahryi zhl b†l dgvTkyi b†l zhl " sgncgbgr Isgr v†y y†d dTbmi T †Pdgcrgbyg aygbshe ruhygw s†x vuhzi/ sh tui vgns tuh; sh phxw Trundger†fi muuhai sh jurçu, uuh T er† T uuh jurçu, sh muuhai Trundger†fi phxw sh tuh; ruhygw sh tui auuTr. mhd˙bgrha dguugi thz Pbho muuhai nmçu, tui dgzufy tui dgbhaygry/ tui dgzufy tui nmçu, muuhai v†ci tuhxzgi thcgrhei dTbmi nhyi c†rs mgpk†xgbg tuh; mu n†rdbx prh z˙bgi muuhh s˙yai aHgr bhay aHgr s˙yai muuhh z˙bgi prh n†rdbx mu tuh; vubyw yr˙gr z˙i Pusgkw Truo/ thcgri arge T dguu†rpi dguu†ri pubgo thnvshei uuuhgi pui T vubyw T pui uuuhgi thnvshei pubgo dguu†ri " IpTrrhey v†y ayucw sh dgvhyi tui dgayTbgi kTbd h†ri thz uu†x uugkfgr v†y agvi kTbd tuntuhpvgrkgl zhl mgd†xi thi mgd†xi zhl tuntuhpvgrkgl kTbd agvi v†y uugkfgr tui ayrhe pubgo †Pdgrhxi zhl p˙gr pTri nurt thi nurtsheg thfv-ygbgr pui gPgx T druhxi tundkhe/ druhxi T gPgx pui thfv-ygbgr nurtsheg cTkgc†x/ z˙i pui mupuxbx Tuugedgkhhdy drhhy mu surxiw nhy sh phbdgr c˙ sh mhbdkgl pui mhbdkgl sh c˙ phbdgr sh nhy surxiw mu drhhy s˙yai grayg sh v†ci w " hruakho jurci tuh; Iuuh zhhgr dguugrw v†ci zhh zhl dgk†zi thi sgr rhfyubd pubgo rhfyubd sgr thi dgk†zi zhl zhh v†ci dguugrw zhhgr dguugi nfcs gkbyi sgo v†ci zhh dgnurnky/ zhl muuhai uuuhgi tui zhl Pkumgo †Pdgaygky uuh pTrdkhuugryg: uuh †Pdgaygky Pkumgo zhl tui uuuhgi tho v†ci zhh ruo/ eTuugw nhy uuTxgrw nhy xhdTrgyiw nhy tuh; T euhngi pui Ti †Pdgcrgby v˙zkw pTruu†rpi nhy pTruu†rpi v˙zkw †Pdgcrgby Ti pui euhngi T tuh; T ayrhe thcgr pTryaTsgyg mhdkw thz dgv†bdgi T dgv†bdgi thz mhdkw pTryaTsgyg thcgr ayrhe T vuhfgrw kTbdgr hHs nhy T druhxgrw mgfrTxygygr c†rs mgfrTxygygr druhxgrw T nhy hHs kTbdgr vuhfgrw bjunx yr˙gr bjunx ' r Pusgkw dgayTbgi thz tho Tbyegdi tui tui kgmygr shbgr tui dguuuhgy tuh; z˙i tundkhe/// z˙i tuh; dguuuhgy tui shbgr kgmygr tui sgr euhngi thz dguugi s†x kgmyg pTrck˙cgbha pui pTrck˙cgbha kgmyg s†x dguugi thz euhngi sgr bjuo sgo sgncgbgnx pTrngdi: sgncgbgnx sgo bjuo ' r s† v†y gr dgkgcy tui s† thz gr dgay†rci/// gr thz s† tui dgkgcy gr v†y s† sh s˙yai v†ci dgnTfy T p†y†drTphag tuhpbTng p†y†drTphag T dgnTfy v†ci s˙yai sh tui euebshe zhl thhbgr sgo muuhhyi thi sh tuhdi Tr˙iw tuhdi sh thi muuhhyi sgo thhbgr zhl euebshe tui v†ci zhh zhl auu˙dbshe tundgegry mu pTrgbshei sgo pTrgbshei mu tundgegry auu˙dbshe zhl zhh v†ci prhayhe/// ≈ uuhkbgw sgo 41yi hukh 1491 hukh 41yi sgo uuhkbgw ≈ dgy† uuhkbgr thi tubygrbgnubd Ti pui Tpha / d YIVO News Winter 2001 - 2002 tuh; sh jurçu, pui druhxi tundkhe ]tuhxmudi ]tuhxmudi tundkhe druhxi pui jurçu, sh tuh;

thi TPrhk 2002 uugy sgr pTrkTd pui pTrkTd sgr uugy 2002 TPrhk thi PuckheTmhgx hghk-tubhuugrxhygy cau≤pu, nhyi hHuu† nhyi cau≤pu, hghk-tubhuugrxhygy Truhxdgci Ti gbdkhag thcgrzgmubd pui thcgrzgmubd gbdkhag Ti Truhxdgci vgrnTi eruex y†dcul pui uuhkbgr dgy†/ uuhkbgr pui y†dcul eruex vgrnTi sgr †rhdhbTk thz Truhxdgdgci dguu†ri Truhxdgdgci thz †rhdhbTk sgr thi 1691 surfi hHuu†w tubygr sgr rgsTe- sgr tubygr hHuu†w surfi 1691 thi mhg pui nrsfh uu/ cgrbayhhi/ hgbg tuhx- hgbg cgrbayhhi/ uu/ nrsfh pui mhg dTcg v†y Trundgbungi eruex b†yhmi eruex Trundgbungi v†y dTcg pui hTbuTr 1491 chz hukh 3491/ sh thcgr- sh 3491/ hukh chz 1491 hTbuTr pui zgmgrx tui rgsTey†ri pubgo gbdkhai pubgo rgsTey†ri tui zgmgrx buxjw cbhnhi tui cTrcTrT vraçw v†ci vraçw cTrcTrT tui cbhnhi buxjw T Trfhuui tui Trfhuui T " t hHuu†- thbgo dgbhaygry s†ryi tuhxdgdr†ci eruex bhay-Puckh- eruex tuhxdgdr†ci s†ryi / cruhyeTryk pui dgy† pui cruhyeTryk / pui nTygrhTki sgrubygr F,çhow ehryg T dTbmg bTfy v†y s†x aygyk s†x v†y bTfy dTbmg T mub†ngi sgr dguugi thz " sgncgbgr tuhl uuh uuhkbgw ehhi †beungi z˙i pTr dgzhsy uuh T egxk/ nhkhygr kuhpy nhkhygr egxk/ T uuh dgzhsy bjuo/ ' r auxygr aygykai pubgo ng uugi dgy†w uuhkbgr sh kheuuhshri b†fi uuh dgyrhci pui gPgx T b†gbyi åubt/ b†gbyi T gPgx pui dgyrhci uuh uuU gxykTbsw ehhi sgP†ryhry tho v†y bjuow Tzuh uuh gr zgy tuhxw zgy gr uuh Tzuh bjuow ' r tui T nhr sruei s† tundgeungi/ thz gr gx kuhpi p˙gr-kgagr-†Pyhhkubdgi kuhpi gx nuhkw thi p˙peg aygbshegr z˙i nhy thi aygyk T pui hHs T uugdi ngåv pui aygy tui aygykgl/ gx kuhpy gx aygykgl/ tui aygy pui pui t˙bsrue sgo uuhrekgl nTfy zhl v†y gr uu†x dgdbyw kuckhbgr P†khmhh/ gx kuhpi dkjho/ ngi p†ry ngi dkjho/ kuhpi gx P†khmhh/ Truhx- zhl v†y uu†x sgnc T gPgx vhho: sgr pui Tbykuhpi mu †Pdgz†dy tuh; tuhy†cuxiw tuh; kTxytuhy†xw tuh; tuhy†cuxiw tuh; zhl tui uuTks sgrc˙Hei pui dgrhxi pgx- Puhkhagr sgr pui hy-uu˙y tuh; tuhy†x pui PrhuuTyg phrngxw PrhuuTyg pui tuhy†x tuh; Fsh Tr˙iw aygyk thbgo dgk†zi pubTbsgr- zhl v†y sgnckhi yubd b tuh; uugdi tui uugdgbgr/ ngi akgPy ngi uugdgbgr/ tui uugdi tuh; ay†y-auxygr/// sgr uugri mu s†ry T thi z/ aygygkg s†x dgaPrhhy zhl pTrx†Pgyg tuh; uugk†xhPgsiw tuh; pTrx†Pgyg zhl ruHe v†y " sgncgbgr Isgr bjuo Isgr dguuuhby v†y dgxk z˙yhe phrbshe nhy zhl pui tubyi T euw pui euw T tubyi pui zhl nhy phrbshe †i ruHew tui dgkgcy ruHe dgTrcgyw hHs crhhygr vuhfgrw T w " sgncgbgr p†rby T ehhakw ngi phry nhy zhl nhy phry ngi ehhakw T p†rby muuhh sgrmuhdi rgaw tui yunk nhy T druhxgrw crhhygr c†rs tui T tui c†rs crhhygr druhxgrw T nhy pui s†eungby vhbyw eg. tui To uuhhbhexyi/// To tui eg. vhbyw s† thz Tk. zhi/ sr˙ tui ygfygr v†y uu†x Pbhow †Pdgcrgby ruhy Pgekgl/ sh uugdi z˙bgi pTray†Py z˙bgi uugdi sh Pgekgl/ uuhkbgr sgr Tuuge Faurvw Tkg z˙bgi dgzuby tui dgzuby z˙bgi Tkg Faurvw Tuuge Isgr uuTks/ tui zui nhy dgangey dgy†-chckh†yge nhy k†e†n†mhg tui sh z˙ybuugdi sh tui k†e†n†mhg nhy cTek†di/ mu bhy zhl Tch ≈ Prbxv nhy jnrho ngbyai uu†x rhri zhl mu zhl rhri uu†x ngbyai jnrho nhy uugky- sgr chz Tuuge thz Tzuh pux/ T yrube uuTxgr thz T vhhkubdw T vhhkubdw T thz uuTxgr yrube T pux/ uugi 9391/ xgPygncgr pui nkjnv ayhek cruhy T zTl pui zgkybvhhy/ T zgkybvhhy/ pui zTl T cruhy ayhek sh cTuuhzi zhl v†ci aygyk thcgri Puhkhagr †phmhr sgrbgry zhl nhy T nhy zhl sgrbgry †phmhr Puhkhagr sh tui gr†PkTbgi s˙yahag grayg ruhgi nhhgr tui thz muprhsiw T muprhsiw thz tui nhhgr ruhgi tui mhygri dgbungi v†ci v˙zkgl zgkbgr cgy T PTPhr†x tui thz drhhy thz tui PTPhr†x T cgy zgkbgr sh tui pkHgi auhci sh tubygryTbmiw Tk. pTr tho †Pmudgci/ euho 5 ygd 5 euho †Pmudgci/ tho pTr Tk. gx v†y gray sTi euuhyagiw uu˙cgr nkjnv tui Tk. Truo thz uuh T ah; T uuh thz Truo Tk. tui nkjnv tui dgy†i a†ek T sgncgbgo nhyi †i T rusgr/ ngbyai uugri jhu, tui jhu, uugri ngbyai rusgr/ T †i Tz tn,w Ti tuh; pTrayTbgi v†y gr ngbyai uugri nk†fho/ yhhk z˙bgi yhhk nk†fho/ uugri ngbyai †bdg- yTeg auhi zhl v†y nkjnv sh drhhy zhl tuhxyui bTegy tui vgkpi tui bTegy tuhxyui zhl drhhy n†k T egi dgpTr sh Tz tui vuhci thhbgr sgo muuhhyi nhy Tkgo uu†x Tkgo nhy muuhhyi sgo thhbgr z˙bg nhy v†y gr uugi druhx/ z˙i ngdkglw yhhk ≈ cTdr†ci Tk. pTr Tk. cTdr†ci ≈ yhhk ngdkglw njbu, sh sgrzgi tuhdi thhdg-bg zhl tui zggi bhy tui vgri bhyw ckhbs bhyw vgri tui bhy zggi tui zhl v†y uuTragw pui Tbykuhpbshe Pkhyho tuh; Tkgo uu†x Truo! uu†x Tkgo tuh; yrhhxk T uuhsgr sgncgbgo nhyi bjuow gr †cgrw gr uugy gr †cgrw gr bjuow ' r grw dgy†i: zhl bhy rhri/ z†k z˙iw uu†x gx z†k gx uu†x z˙iw z†k rhri/ bhy zhl thi dgrgsy gr v†y w " s†x Ivhhxy bhy z˙iw gr uugy zhl bhy †Pr˙xi pui †Pr˙xi bhy zhl uugy gr z˙iw bhy ng Tz s†xw Ivhhxy Tr˙iw uugky sgr sh zTpyi pui z˙i grs/ s† v†y gr v†y s† grs/ z˙i pui zTpyi sh bhy Tkhhi zhl y†r ng auhi/ kuhpy dgkgcy tui s† thz gr drhhy mu drhhy gr thz s† tui dgkgcy zhl vhhxy kuhpi tundkhekgl/ nTfi ayTrci/ thz gr s†l gPgx c˙ d†y c˙ gPgx s†l gr thz ayTrci/ " chsho! cTdr†ci thi sgr vTby?!/// gr uugy zhl bhy zhl uugy gr vTby?!/// sgr thi nkjnv- z˙i dguugi thz TzT †y mgcrgfi tui mgyrgyi! tui mgcrgfi z˙bg pui rgzukyTy T ≈ phk†z†phg tuntuhpvgrkgl p˙gr v†y p˙gr tuntuhpvgrkgl h†ri sh pui nkjnv-sgrpTrubdgi dgbungi aPrhmi pui vhnk/ sgr vhnk/ pui aPrhmi dgbungi 4191-8191/

hshgu, pui hHuu† bun' 391 uuhbygr 1002-2002 1002-2002 uuhbygr 391 bun' hHuu† pui hshgu, c hshgu, 391 ' bun hshgu, uuhbygr YYNEWSIVOIVO hHuu† pui 1002-2002 sgr 11ygr xgPygncgr 11ygr sgr Trcgygrx nhy sh e†kgemhgxw uu†x e†kgemhgxw sh nhy Trcgygrx Tzgkfg v†ci bhay ehhi dk˙fi tuh; dk˙fi ehhi bhay v†ci Tzgkfg hHshagr sgr dTbmgr uugky/ dTbmgr sgr Fsh surfmuphri TzT akhju, v†ci akhju, TzT surfmuphri Fsh uuhxbaTpykgfgr nhr muzTngbdgaygky T e†nhygy T muzTngbdgaygky nhr ≈ thbxyhyuy pui dgbhyg chckh†ygegrx tui chckh†ygegrx dgbhyg pui hHuu† TrfhuuTriw uu†x uugki thcgreuei uugki uu†x TrfhuuTriw tubszgr g,-mrv-PkTi/ ng uugy ng g,-mrv-PkTi/ tubszgr tui P†khmhTbyi tundgeungbg s†ryi s†zheg sh ar˙ci nhr ag, YIVO Institute thbuugbyTrhzhri uugkgfg nTygrhTki uugkgfg thbuugbyTrhzhri p†bs s†zhegr sgr p˙gr-kgagrx/ sr˙ pTrc˙ gray thz auru, c for Jewish dgphbgi zhl x˙ s†w x˙ thi tubszgr thi x˙ s†w x˙ zhl dgphbgi ebTPg cTyr†pi xu;-Fk-xu; v†y uugky- c˙o tundkhe zhbyi jsaho Research xekTs thi mpubshei ayTy bhu-h†rew ayTy mpubshei thi xekTs tubszgrg tuhl s†kTr/ 0031 sgr bhu-h†re/ thi vTbsk-mgbygr uuh tuhl †bvhhci T b˙g Pr†drTo mu Pr†drTo b˙g T †bvhhci tuhl uuh rgpgrTyiw tubygrbgnubdgiw Tkg tuhpdgyrhhxky v†y tundkhe nher†phknhri sh uuhfyhexyg s†eu- uuhfyhexyg sh nher†phknhri †uubyeurxi tui phkngi xgnhbTriw sgr tuh; ngbyai mhuuhkhzhryg yruhgrhe sgr ngbyi uu†x nhr pTrn†diw Tz y†ngr Tz pTrn†diw nhr uu†x ngbyi auugrg T thz ' x uu˙ygr/ p†r eungi a†e thi zgbgi ngbyai uugky/ bhu-h†regr b˙gr jkhkv uugy gPgx dgagi uugki zhh uugki dgagi gPgx uugy jkhkv nhr uu†x ay†k.w nhr zgbgi guçstw ygkg- sh mu mudganhsyg dgzgxi )p†y†: PhhxTza z˙i pTrzhfgry/ z˙i tuhpy†i/ phk Tzuh egbgi tuhpdgrhxgbg nhy uuhzhg-TPTrTyi phagr( gkhx thi a˙fu, sgrnhy cgyi nhr Tkg nhr cgyi sgrnhy a˙fu, thi pui tuhxphri nhr sTrpi uu†x thz chzi n˙kgr/ †pgbg tui tuhdi pr˙bs pui hHuu†w zhh z†ki zhl †Prupi zhl z†ki zhh hHuu†w pui pr˙bs ayh- T thz ' x f†ya tundkhe? sgo T uuhsgr s†l ngi zgy y†d v˙byhei tuh; tubszgr jbuFv-crhuu/ thr pTr- thr jbuFv-crhuu/ tubszgr tuh; tui hHuu† sgr uu†x yrhhxyw egkg druhkb- sh n†k T †cgr tui n†k dhhy nna thi kgciw nhr kgciw thi nna dhhy ' x Tz ayhhyw zgbgiw †rdTbhzTmhgx hHshag Tbsgrg bhayw Tk. zhl dkhhcy ' x b†r chksgrw z†ki s†x Tk. tuhpy†iw sTrpi nhr sTrpi tuhpy†iw Tk. s†x z†ki pTr mhkcrgy ehhi bhay zhlw sTfy T auhi thz ' x dgagi/ ctn, thz ' x Tz / t˙l v†ci sgrmu †cgrw nhrw y†ri ygr†rhxyiw Tzgkfg nhrw kgci thr tuh; uu†x uugky b˙g thz b†r uu†x Trhcgr sgr khcgr sgr Trhcgr uu†x b†r thz ' x thz bhu-h†re dTb. Tz pTrdgxiw bhay ayTrei/ zhl tui muPTxi zhl nhr nuzi jbuFvw euny tubsz cTks Tegdi sgr Tegdi cTks tubsz euny jbuFvw xFbv/ Fxsrshegr T thi †i thmy pui Trcgyi/ uu˙ygr tuhl nuzi nhr khcgr Purho/ z†di nhr: nhr v†ci nhr nhr: z†di Purho/ khcgr Tbsgrg sh tui hHuu† sgr cpry 31yi sgo auhi hHuu† sgr v†y thcgrdgkgcy vnbgiw uugki nhr sh nhr uugki vnbgiw thcgrdgkgcy hHshagr pTr Imgbygr thbgo au≤pho yrTxew T †i tui ayhk xgPygncgrw v˙byheg vnbx tuhl thcgrkgci! tuhl vnbx v˙byheg TzT yr†di nhr uu†x w " dgahfyg zgkci sgo yhri/ z˙bg dggpby murhe duuTksheg Tjrhu, pTr sgr hHshagr sgr pTr Tjrhu, duuTksheg mubuhpdg- Pgrx†bTk sgr zhl thz y†d eukyur-hruavw nuzi nhr zgiw Tz zgiw nhr nuzi eukyur-hruavw dgky aTpi mu cTak†xi tui eungi dgsgbey sh dgsgbey nhy- tubszgrg zhfgr z˙i z†ki ' x sh pui h,unho tui Tknbu, sh pTr sTyg: sgr v˙h†rhegr hHuu†-cTbegy v˙h†rhegr sgr YIVO Institute for Jewish Research Non-Profit uugy p†reungi s†bgrayhew sgo s†bgrayhew p†reungi uugy hHuu† ≈ thbxyhyuy uuhxbaTpykgfgr hHshagr U.S. Postage 2yi n˙/ cgyi nhr t˙l: nhr cgyi n˙/ 2yi PAID 15 West 16th Street, Newburgh, NY pTrar˙cy auhi sh sTyg c˙ zhl c˙ sTyg sh auhi pTrar˙cy New York, NY 10011-6301 Permit No. 252 thi eTkgbsTr ≈ thr uuhky Tuusth uuhky thr ≈ eTkgbsTr thi bhay surfk†zi TzT dgkgdbvhhy! TzT surfk†zi bhay thbvTky y†dcul pui vgrnTi erue / / / / / c-d / / / / / erue vgrnTi pui y†dcul nTex uu˙br˙l-mgbygr / / / / / / / s-v / / / / / / / uu˙br˙l-mgbygr nTex b˙gx/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / u-z / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / b˙gx/ dgahfyg pui hHuu†` pui dgahfyg yaheTuugxi/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / j-y j-y / / / / / / / / / / / / / / yaheTuugxi/